LegalizeMultilateral Agreements resulting from the trade negotiations of 1973-1979 (GATT) - Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft
AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN CIVIL AIRCRAFT
PREAMBLE
SIGNATORIES ([^E0001]) TO THE AGREEMENT ON TRADE IN CIVIL AIRCRAFT, hereinafter referred to as ‘this Agreement’;
NOTING that Ministers on 12 to 14 September 1973 agreed the Tokyo Round of multilateral trade negotiations should achieve the expansion and ever-greater liberalization of world trade through inter alia the progressive dismantling of obstacles to trade and the improvement of the international framework for the conduct of world trade;
DESIRING to achieve maximum freedom of world trade in civil aircraft, parts and related equipment, including elimination of duties, and to the fullest extent possible, the reduction or elimination of trade restricting or distorting effects;
DESIRING to encourage the continued technological development of the aeronautical industry on a world-wide basis;
DESIRING to provide fair and equal competitive opportunities for their civil aircraft activities and for their producers to participate in the expansion of the world civil aircraft market;
BEING MINDFUL of the importance in the civil aircraft sector of their overall mutual economic and trade interests;
RECOGNIZING that many signatories view the aircraft sector as a particularly important component of economic and industrial policy;
SEEKING to eliminate adverse effects on trade in civil aircraft resulting from governmental support in civil aircraft development, production, and marketing while recognizing that such governmental support, of itself, would not be deemed a distortion of trade;
DESIRING that their civil aircraft activities operate on a commercially competitive basis, and recognizing that government-industry relationships differ widely among them;
RECOGNIZING their obligations and rights under the General Agreement on tariffs and trade, hereinafter referred to as ‘the GATT’, and under other multilateral Agreements negotiated under the auspices of the GATT;
RECOGNIZING the need to provide for international notification, consultation, surveillance and dispute settlement procedures with a view to ensuring a fair, prompt and effective enforcement of the provisions of this Agreement and to maintain the balance of rights and obligations among them;
DESIRING to establish an international framework governing conduct of trade in civil aircraft;
HEREBY AGREE AS FOLLOWS:
Article 1
Product coverage
- 1.1.This Agreement applies to the following products:
- (a) all civil aircraft;
- (b) all civil aircraft engines and their parts and components;
- (c) all other parts, components, and sub-assemblies of civil aircraft;
- (d) all ground flight simulators and their parts and components, whether used as original or replacement equipment in the manufacture, repair, maintenance, rebuilding, modification or conversion of civil aircraft.
- 1.2.For the purposes-of this Agreement ‘civil aircraft’ means (a) all aircraft other than military aircraft and (b) all other products set out in Article 1.1 above.
Article 2
Customs duties and other charges
- 2.1.Signatories agree:
- 2.1.1. to eliminate by 1 January 1980, or by the date of entry into force of this Agreement, all customs duties and other charges ([^E0002]) of any kind levied on, or in connection with, the importation of products, classified for customs purposes under their respective tariff headings listed in the Annex, if such products are for use in a civil aircraft and incorporation therein, in the course of its manufacture, repair, maintenance, rebuilding, modification or conversion;
- 2.1.2. to eliminate by 1 January 1980, or by the date of entry into force of this Agreement, all customs duties and other charges (2) of any kind levied on repairs on civil aircraft;
- 2.1.3. to incorporate in their respective GATT schedules by 1 January 1980, or by the date of entry into force of this Agreement, duty-free or duty-exempt treatment for all products covered by Article 2.1.1 above and for all repairs covered by Article 2.1.2 above.
- 2.2.Each signatory shall:
- (a) adopt or adapt an end-use system of customs administration to give effect to its obligations under Article 2.1 above;
- (b) ensure that its end-use system provides duty-free or duty-exempt treatment that is comparable to the treatment provided by other signatories and is not an impediment to trade; and
- (c) inform other signatories of its procedures for administering the end-use system.
Article 3
Technical barriers to trade
- 3.1.Signatories note that the provisions of the Agreement on technical barriers to trade apply to trade in civil aircraft. In addition, signatories agree that civil aircraft certification requirements and specifications on operating and maintenance procedures shall be governed, as between signatories, by the provisions of the Agreement on technical barriers to trade.
Article 4
Government-directed procurement, mandatory subcontracts and inducements
- 4.1.Purchasers of civil aircraft should be free to select suppliers on the basis of commercial and technological factors.
- 4.2.Signatories shall not require airlines, aircraft manufacturers, or other entities engaged in the purchase of civil aircraft, nor exert unreasonable pressure on them, to procure civil aircraft from any particular source, which would create discrimination against suppliers from any signatory.
- 4.3.Signatories agree that the purchase of products covered by this Agreement should be made only on a competitive price, quality and delivery basis. In conjunction with the approval or awarding of procurement contracts for products covered by this Agreement a signatory may, however, require that its qualified firms be provided with access to business opportunities on a competitive basis and on terms no less favourable than those available to the qualified firms of other signatories ([^E0003]).
- 4.4.Signatories agree to avoid attaching inducements of any kind to the sale or purchase of civil aircraft from any particular source which would create discrimination against suppliers from any signatory.
Article 5
Trade restrictions
- 5.1.Signatories shall not apply quantitative restrictions (import quotas) or import licensing requirements to restrict imports of civil aircraft in a manner inconsistent with applicable provisions of the GATT. This does not preclude import monitoring or licensing systems consistent with the GATT.
- 5.2.Signatories shall not apply quantitative restrictions or export licensing or other similar requirements to restrict, for commercial or competitive reasons, exports of civil aircraft to other signatories in a manner inconsistent with applicable provisions of the GATT.
Article 6
Government support, export credits, and aircraft marketing
- 6.1.Signatories note that the provisions of the Agreement on Interpretation and Application of Articles VI, XVI and XXIII of the General Agreement on tariffs and trade (Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures) apply to trade in civil aircraft. They affirm that in their participation in, or support of, civil aircraft programmes they shall seek to avoid adverse effects on trade in civil aircraft in the sense of Articles 8.3 and 8.4 of the Agreement on subsidies and countervailing measures. They also shall take into account the special factors which apply in the aircraft sector, in particular the widespread governmental support in this area, their international economic interests, and the desire of producers of all signatories to participate in the expansion of the world civil aircraft market.
- 6.2.Signatories agree that pricing of civil aircraft should be based on a reasonable expectation of recoupment of all costs, including non-recurring programme costs, identifiable and pro-rated costs of military research and development on aircraft, components, and systems that are subsequently applied to the production of such civil aircraft, average production costs, and financial costs.
Article 7
Regional and local governments
- 7.1.In addition to their other obligations under this Agreement, signatories agree not to require or encourage, directly or indirectly, regional and local governments and authorities, non-governmental bodies, and other bodies to take action inconsistent with provisions of this Agreement.
Article 8
Surveillance, review, consultation, and dispute settlement
- 8.1.There shall be established a Committee on Trade in Civil Aircraft (hereinafter referred to as ‘the Committee’) composed of representatives of all signatories. The Committee shall elect its own chairman. It shall meet as necessary, but not less than once a year, for the purpose of affording signatories the opportunity to consult on any matters relating to the operation of this Agreement, including developments in the civil aircraft industry, to determine whether amendments are required to ensure continuance of free and undistorted trade, to examine any matter for which it has not been possible to find a satisfactory solution through bilateral consultations, and to carry out such responsibilities as are assigned to it under this Agreement, or by the signatories.
- 8.2.The Committee shall review annually the implementation and operation of this Agreement taking into account the objectives thereof. The Committee shall annually inform the Contracting Parties to the GATT of developments during the period covered by such review.
- 8.3.Not later than the end of the third year from the entry into force of this Agreement and periodically thereafter, signatories shall undertake further negotiations, with a view to broadening and improving this Agreement on the basis of mutual reciprocity.
- 8.4.The Committee may establish such subsidiary bodies as may be appropriate to keep under regular review the application of this Agreement to ensure a continuing balance of mutual advantages. In particular, it shall establish an appropriate subsidiary body in order to ensure a continuing balance of mutual advantages, reciprocity and equivalent results with regard to the implementation of the provisions of Article 2 above related to product coverage, the end-use systems, customs duties and other charges.
- 8.5.Each signatory shall afford sympathetic consideration to and adequate opportunity for prompt consultation regarding representations made by another signatory with respect to any matter affecting the operation of this Agreement.
- 8.6.Signatories recognize the desirability of consultations with other signatories in the Committee in order to seek a mutually acceptable solution prior to the initiation of an investigation to determine the existence, degree and effect of any alleged subsidy. In those exceptional circumstances in which no consultations occur before such domestic procedures are initiated, signatories shall notify the Committee immediately of initiation of such procedures and enter into simultaneous consultations to seek a mutually agreed solution that would obviate the need for countervailing measures.
- 8.7.Should a signatory consider that its trade interests in civil aircraft manufacture, repair, maintenance, rebuilding, modification or conversion have been or are likely to be adversely affected by any action by another signatory, it may request review of the matter by the Committee. Upon such a request, the Committee shall convene within 30 days and shall review the matter as quickly as possible with a view to resolving the issues involved as promptly as possible and in particular prior to final resolution of these issues elsewhere. In this connection the Committee may issue such rulings or recommendations as may be appropriate. Such review shall be without prejudice to the rights of signatories under the GATT or under instruments multilaterally negotiated under the auspices of the GATT, as they affect trade in civil aircraft. For the purposes of aiding consideration of the issues involved, under the GATT and such instruments, the Committee may provide such technical assistance as may be appropriate.
- 8.8.Signatories agree that, with respect to any dispute related to a matter covered by this Agreement, but not covered by other instruments multilaterally negotiated under the auspices of the GATT, the provisions of Articles XXII and XXIII of the General Agreement and the provisions of the understanding related to notification, consultation, dispute settlement and surveillance shall be applied, mutatis mutandis, by the signatories and the Committee for the purposes of seeking settlement of such dispute. These procedures shall also be applied for the settlement of any dispute related to a matter covered by this Agreement and by another instrument multilaterally negotiated under the auspices of the GATT, should the parties to the dispute so agree.
Article 9
Final provisions
9.1. Acceptance and accession
- 9.1.1.This Agreement shall be open for acceptance by signature or otherwise by Government Contracting Parties to the GATT and by the European Economic Community.
- 9.1.2.This Agreement shall be open for acceptance by signature or otherwise by governments having provisionally acceded to the GATT, on terms related to the effective application of rights and obligations under this Agreement, which take into account rights and obligations in the instruments providing for their provisional accession.
- 9.1.3.This Agreement shall be open to accession by any other government on terms, related to the effective application of rights and obligations under this Agreement, to be agreed between that government and the signatories, by the deposit with the Director-General to the Contracting Parties to the GATT of an instrument of accession which states the terms so agreed.
- 9.1.4.In regard to acceptance, the provisions of Article XXVI (5) (a) and (b) of the General Agreement would be applicable.
9.2. Reservations
- 9.2.1.Reservations may not be entered in respect of any of the provisions of this Agreement without the consent of the other signatories.
9.3. Entry into force
- 9.3.1.This Agreement shall enter into force on 1 January 1980 for the governments ([^E0004]) which have accepted or acceded to it by that date. For each other government it shall enter into force on the 30th day following the date of its acceptance or accession to this Agreement.
9.4. National legislation
- 9.4.1.Each government accepting or acceding to this Agreement shall ensure, not later than the date of entry into force of this Agreement for it, the conformity of its laws, regulations and administrative procedures with the provisions of this Agreement.
- 9.4.2.Each signatory shall inform the Committee of any changes in its laws and regulations relevant to this Agreement and in the administration of such laws and regulations.
9.5. Amendments
- 9.5.1.The signatories may amend this Agreement, having regard inter alia to the experience gained in its implementation. Such an amendment, once the signatories have concurred in accordance with the procedures established by the Committee, shall not come into force for any signatory until it has been accepted by such signatory.
9.6. Withdrawal
- 9.6.1.Any signatory may withdraw from this Agreement. The withdrawal shall take effect upon the expiration of 12 months from the day on which written notice of withdrawal is received by the Director-General to the contracting parties to the GATT. Any signatory may upon such notification request an immediate meeting of the Committee.
9.7. Non-application of this Agreement between particular Signatories
- 9.7.1.This Agreement shall not apply as between any two signatories if either of the signatories, at the time either accepts or accedes to this Agreement, does not consent to such application.
9.8. Annex
- 9.8.1.The Annex to this Agreement forms an integral part thereof.
9.9. Secretariat
- 9.9.1.This Agreement shall be serviced by the GATT secretariat.
9.10. Deposit
- 9.10.1.This Agreement shall be deposited with the Director-General to the Contracting Parties to the GATT who shall promptly furnish to each signatory and each Contracting Party to the GATT a certified copy thereof and of each amendment thereto pursuant to Article 9.5 and a notification of each acceptance thereof or accession thereto pursuant to Article 9.1, or each withdrawal therefrom pursuant to Article 9.6.
9.11. Registration
- 9.11.1.This Agreement shall be registered in accordance with the provisions of Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.
Done at Geneva this twelfth day of April nineteen hundred and seventy-nine in a single copy, in the English and French languages, each text being authentic, except as otherwise specified with respect to the various lists in the Annex.
ANNEX
PRODUCT COVERAGE
- 1.The product coverage is defined in Article 1 of the Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft.
- 2.Signatories agree that products covered by the descriptions listed below and properly classified under the Harmonized System headings and subheadings shown alongside shall be accorded duty-free or duty-exempt treatment, if such products are for use in civil aircraft or ground flying trainers ([^E0005]) and for incorporation therein, in the course of their manufacture, repair, maintenance, rebuilding, modification or conversion.
- 3.These products shall not include:
- — an incomplete or unfinished product, unless it has the essential character of a complete or finished part, component, sub-assembly or item of equipment of a civil aircraft or ground flying trainer (*1) , (e.g. an article which has a civil aircraft manufacturer's part number),
- — materials in any form (e.g. sheets, plates, profile shapes, strips, bars, pipes, tubes or other shapes) unless they have been cut to size or shape and/or shaped for incorporation in a civil aircraft or a ground flying trainer (*1) (e.g. an article which has a civil aircraft manufacturer's part number),
- — raw materials and consumable goods.
- 4.For the purpose of this Annex, ‘Ex’ has been included to indicate that the product description referred to does not exhaust the entire range of products within the Harmonized System headings and subheadings listed below.
| HS Heading Ex | HS Subheading Ex | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 39.17 | 3917.21 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid, of polymers of ethylene, with attached fittings |
| .22 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid, of polymers of propylene, with attached fittings | |
| .23 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid, of polymers of vinyl chloride, with attached fittings | |
| .29 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, rigid, of other plastics, with attached fittings | |
| .31 | Flexible tubes, pipes and hoses, of plastics, having a minimum burst pressure of 27,6 MPa, with attached fittings | |
| .33 | Flexible tubes, pipes and hoses, of plastics, not reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, with attached fittings | |
| .39 | Flexible tubes, pipes and hoses, of plastics, reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, with attached fittings | |
| .40 | Fittings for tubes, pipes and hoses, of plastics | |
| 39.26 | 3926.90 | Other articles of plastics |
| 40.08 | 4008.29 | Profile shapes of non-cellular vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, cut to size |
| 40.09 | 4009.12 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, not reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids |
| 4009.22 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, reinforced or otherwise combined only with metal, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| 4009.32 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, reinforced or otherwise combined only with textile materials, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| 4009.42 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, of vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber, reinforced or otherwise combined with other materials, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| 40.11 | 4011.30 | New pneumatic tyres, of rubber, of a kind used on aircraft |
| 40.12 | 4012.13 | Retreaded pneumatic tyres, of rubber, of a kind used on aircraft |
| .20 | Used pneumatic tyres, of rubber | |
| 40.16 | 4016.10 | Other articles of cellular vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber |
| .93 | Gaskets, washers and other seals, of non-cellular vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber | |
| .99 | Other articles of non-cellular vulcanised rubber other than hard rubber | |
| 40.17 | 4017.00 | Tubes, pipes and hoses, of hard rubber, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids |
| 45.04 | 4504.90 | Gaskets, washers and other seals, of agglomerated cork |
| 48.23 | 4823.90 | Gaskets, washers and other seals, of paper or paperboard |
| 68.12 | 6812.80 | Articles of crocidolite, other than clothing, clothing accessories, footwear, headgear, paper, millboard, felt or compressed asbestos fibre jointing, in sheets or rolls |
| .99 | Other articles of asbestos, other than clothing, clothing accessories, footwear, headgear, paper, millboard, felt or compressed asbestos fibre jointing, in sheets or rolls | |
| 68.13 | 6813.20 | Brake linings and pads, and other articles for clutches or the like, not mounted, of friction material with a basis of asbestos |
| .81 | Brake linings and pads, not mounted, of friction material with a basis of mineral substances, not containing asbestos | |
| .89 | Other articles, not mounted, for clutches or the like, of friction material with a basis of mineral substances, not containing asbestos | |
| 70.07 | 7007.21 | Windshields, of laminated safety glass |
| 73.04 | 7304.31 | Tubes and pipes, seamless, of circular cross-section, of iron (other than cast iron) or non-alloy steel, cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids |
| .39 | Tubes and pipes, seamless, of circular cross-section, of iron (other than cast iron) or non-alloy steel, other than cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .41 | Tubes and pipes, seamless, of circular cross-section, of stainless steel, cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .49 | Tubes and pipes, seamless, of circular cross-section, of stainless steel, other than cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .51 | Tubes and pipes, seamless, of circular cross-section, of alloy steel other than stainless steel, cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .59 | Tubes and pipes, seamless, of circular cross-section, of alloy steel other than stainless steel, other than cold-drawn or cold-rolled (cold-reduced), with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .90 | Tubes and pipes, seamless, other than of circular cross-section, of iron (other than cast iron) or steel, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| 73.06 | 7306.30 | Tubes and pipes, welded, of circular cross-section, of iron or non-alloy steel, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids |
| .40 | Tubes and pipes, welded, of circular cross-section, of stainless steel, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .50 | Tubes and pipes, welded, of circular cross-section, of alloy steel other than stainless steel, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .61 | Tubes and pipes, welded, of square or rectangular cross-section, of iron or steel, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| .69 | Tubes and pipes, welded, of other non-circular cross-section, of iron or steel, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| 73.12 | 7312.10 | Stranded wire, ropes and cables, of iron or steel, not electrically insulated, with attached fittings |
| .90 | Plaited bands, slings, and the like, of iron or steel, not electrically insulated, with attached fittings | |
| 73.22 | 7322.90 | Air heaters and hot air distributors, not electrically heated, incorporating a motor-driven fan or blower, of iron or steel, excluding parts thereof |
| 73.24 | 7324.10 | Sinks and wash basins, of stainless steel |
| .90 | Other sanitary ware, of iron or steel, other than sinks and wash basins, of stainless steel, and other than baths, of iron or steel | |
| 73.26 | 7326.20 | Articles of iron or steel wire |
| 74.13 | 7413.00 | Stranded wire, cables, plaited bands and the like, of copper, not electrically insulated, with attached fittings |
| 76.08 | 7608.10 | Tubes and pipes, of aluminium not alloyed, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids |
| .20 | Tubes and pipes, of aluminium alloys, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids | |
| 81.08 | 8108.90 | Tubes and pipes, of titanium, with attached fittings, suitable for conducting gases or liquids |
| 83.02 | 8302.10 | Hinges, of base metal |
| .20 | Castors with mountings of base metal | |
| .42 | Base metal mountings, fittings and similar articles, suitable for furniture | |
| .49 | Other base metal mountings, fittings and similar articles | |
| .60 | Automatic door closers of base metal | |
| 83.07 | 8307.10 | Flexible tubing, of iron or steel, with attached fittings |
| .90 | Flexible tubing, of base metal other than iron or steel, with attached fittings | |
| 84.07 | 8407.10 | Spark-ignition reciprocating or rotary internal combustion piston aircraft engines |
| 84.08 | 8408.90 | Compression-ignition internal combustion piston aircraft engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines) |
| 84.09 | 8409.10 | Parts suitable for use solely or principally with aircraft engines of 8407.10 or 8408.90 |
| 84.11 | 8411.11 | Turbo-jets of a thrust not exceeding 25 kN |
| .12 | Turbo-jets of a thrust exceeding 25 kN | |
| .21 | Turbo-propellers of a power not exceeding 1 100 kW | |
| .22 | Turbo-propellers of a power exceeding 1 100 kW | |
| .81 | Gas turbines, other than turbo-jets or turbo-propellers, of a power not exceeding 5 000 kW | |
| .82 | Gas turbines, other than turbo-jets or turbo-propellers, of a power exceeding 5 000 kW | |
| .91 | Parts of turbo-jets or turbo propellers | |
| .99 | Parts of gas turbines, other than turbo-jets or turbo-propellers | |
| 84.12 | 8412.10 | Reaction engines other than turbo-jets |
| .21 | Hydraulic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders) | |
| .29 | Hydraulic power engines and motors, non-linear acting | |
| .31 | Pneumatic power engines and motors, linear acting (cylinders) | |
| .39 | Pneumatic power engines and motors, non-linear acting | |
| .80 | Non-electric power engines and motors, other than reaction engines, or hydraulic or pneumatic power engines and motors | |
| .90 | Parts of reaction engines, or of hydraulic, pneumatic, or other non-electric power engines and motors | |
| 84.13 | 8413.19 | Pumps for liquids, fitted or designed to be fitted with a measuring device |
| .20 | Hand pumps for liquids, not fitted or designed to be fitted with a measuring device | |
| .30 | Fuel, lubricating or cooling medium pumps for internal combustion piston engines | |
| .50 | Reciprocating positive displacement pumps for liquids, other than pumps of 8413.19 , 8413.20 or 8413.30 | |
| .60 | Rotary positive displacement pumps for liquids, other than pumps of 8413.19 , 8413.20 or 8413.30 | |
| .70 | Centrifugal pumps for liquids, other than pumps of 8413.19 , 8413.20 or 8413.30 | |
| .81 | Pumps for liquids, other than pumps of 8413.19 , 8413.20 , 8413.30 , 8413.50 , 8413.60 or 8413.70 | |
| .91 | Parts of pumps for liquids | |
| 84.14 | 8414.10 | Vacuum pumps |
| .20 | Hand- or foot-operated air pumps | |
| .30 | Air or other gas compressors of a kind used in refrigerating equipment | |
| .51 | Table, floor, wall, window, ceiling or roof fans, with a self-contained electric motor of an output not exceeding 125 W | |
| .59 | Fans, other than fans of 8414.51 | |
| .80 | Other air pumps, air or gas compressors | |
| .90 | Parts of air or vacuum pumps, air or other gas compressors and fans | |
| 84.15 | 8415.81 | Air conditioning machines, comprising a motor-driven fan and elements for changing the temperature and humidity, including those machines in which the humidity cannot be separately regulated, incorporating a refrigerating unit and a valve for reversal of the cooling/heat cycle (reversible heat pumps) |
| .82 | Air conditioning machines, comprising a motor-driven fan and elements for changing the temperature and humidity, including those machines in which the humidity cannot be separately regulated, incorporating a refrigerating unit but not a valve for reversal of the cooling/heat cycle | |
| .83 | Air conditioning machines, comprising a motor-driven fan and elements for changing the temperature and humidity, including those machines in which the humidity cannot be separately regulated, not incorporating a refrigerating unit | |
| .90 | Parts of the air conditioning machines of 8415.81 , 8415.82 or 8415.83 | |
| 84.18 | 8418.10 | Combined refrigerator-freezers, fitted with separate external doors |
| .30 | Freezers of the chest type, not exceeding 800 1 capacity | |
| .40 | Freezers of the upright type, not exceeding 900 1 capacity | |
| .61 | Compression type refrigerating units whose condensers are heat exchangers | |
| .69 | Refrigerating or freezing equipment other than household type refrigerators, or refrigerating or freezing equipment of 8418.10 , 8418.30 , 8418.40 or 8418.61 | |
| 84.19 | 8419.50 | Heat exchange units |
| .81 | Apparatus for making hot drinks, or for cooking or heating food | |
| .90 | Parts of heat exchange units of 8419.50 | |
| 84.21 | 8421.19 | Centrifuges |
| .21 | Machinery and apparatus for filtering or purifying water | |
| .23 | Oil or petrol filters for internal combustion engines | |
| .29 | Machinery and apparatus for filtering or purifying other liquids than water or beverages, other than those of 8421.23 | |
| .31 | Intake air filters for internal combustion engines | |
| .39 | Machinery and apparatus for filtering or purifying gases other than intake air filters for internal combustion engines | |
| 84.24 | 8424.10 | Fire extinguishers, whether or not charged |
| 84.25 | 8425.11 | Pulley tackle and hoists, other than skip hoists, powered by electric motor |
| .19 | Pulley tackle and hoists, other than skip hoists, powered by other than an electric motor | |
| .31 | Winches or capstans powered by electric motor | |
| .39 | Winches or capstans powered by other than an electric motor | |
| .42 | Jacks, hydraulic | |
| .49 | Jacks, other than hydraulic | |
| 84.26 | 8426.99 | Other cranes |
| 84.28 | 8428.10 | Lifts and skip hoists |
| .20 | Pneumatic elevators and conveyors | |
| .33 | Belt type continuous-action elevators and conveyors, for goods or materials, not specially designed for underground use | |
| .39 | Continuous-action elevators and conveyors, for goods or materials, other than those that are specially designed for underground use, bucket type or belt type | |
| .90 | Other lifting, handling, loading or unloading machinery | |
| 84.43 | 8443.31 | Machines which perform two or more of the functions of printing, copying or facsimile transmission, capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network |
| .32 | Printers, other than printing machinery used for printing by means of plates, cylinders and other printing components of heading 8442 , capable of connecting to an automatic data processing machine or to a network | |
| 84.71 | ||
| 8471.41 | Other automatic data processing machines, comprising in the same housing at least a central processing unit and an input and output unit, whether or not combined | |
| .49 | Other automatic data processing machines, other than those of 8471.41 , presented in the form of systems | |
| .50 | Processing units other than those of 8471.41 or 8471.49 , whether or not containing in the same housing one or two of the following types of unit: storage units, input units, output units | |
| .60 | Input or output units, whether or not containing storage units in the same housing | |
| .70 | Storage units | |
| 84.79 | 8479.89 | Machines and mechanical appliances having individual functions, not specified or included elsewhere in chapter 84, the following: Non-electric starter motors; Propeller regulators, non-electric; Servo-mechanisms, non-electric; Windshield wipers, non-electric; Hydro-pneumatic accumulators; Pneumatic starters for turbo-jets, turbo-propellers, or other gas turbines; Toilet units specially designed for aircraft; Mechanical actuators for thrust reversers; Air humidifiers and dehumidifiers |
| .90 | Parts of machines and mechanical appliances enumerated under 8479.89 | |
| 84.83 | 8483.10 | Transmission shafts (including cam shafts and crank shafts) and cranks |
| .30 | Bearing housings, not incorporating ball or roller bearings; plain shaft bearings | |
| .40 | Gears and gearing, other than toothed wheels, chain sprockets and other transmission elements presented separately; ball or roller screws; gear boxes and other speed changers, including torque converters | |
| .50 | Flywheels and pulleys, including pulley blocks | |
| .60 | Clutches and shaft couplings (including universal joints) | |
| .90 | Toothed wheels, chain sprockets and other transmission elements presented separately; parts of the articles of 8483.10 , 8483.30 , 8483.40 , 8483.50 or 8483.60 | |
| 84.84 | 8484.10 | Gaskets and similar joints of metal sheeting combined with other material or of two or more layers of metal |
| .90 | Sets or assortments of gaskets and similar joints, dissimilar in composition, put up in pouches, envelopes or similar packings | |
| 85.01 | 8501.20 | Electric universal AC/DC motors, of an output exceeding 735 W but not exceeding 150 kW |
| .31 | Electric DC motors, other than those of 8501.20 , of an output exceeding 735 W, but not exceeding 750 W; electric DC generators of an output not exceeding 750 W | |
| .32 | Electric DC motors and electric DC generators, other than those of 8501.20 , of an output exceeding 750 W but not exceeding 75 kW | |
| .33 | Electric DC motors, other than those of 8501.20 , of an output exceeding 75 kW but not exceeding 150 kW; electric DC generators, of an output exceeding 75 kW but not exceeding 375 kW | |
| .34 | Electric DC generators, of an output exceeding 375 kW | |
| .40 | Electric AC motors, single phase other than those of 8501.20 , of an output exceeding 735 W but not exceeding 150 kW | |
| .51 | Electric AC motors, multiphase, other than those of 8501.20 , of an output exceeding 735 W but not exceeding 750 W | |
| .52 | Electric AC motors, multiphase, other than those of 8501.20 , of an output exceeding 750 W but not exceeding 75 kW | |
| .53 | Electric AC motors, multiphase, other than those of 8501.20 of an output exceeding 75 kW but not exceeding 150 kW | |
| .61 | Electric AC generators (alternators), of an output not exceeding 75 kVA | |
| .62 | Electric AC generators (alternators), of an output exceeding 75 kVA but not exceeding 375 kVA | |
| .63 | Electric AC generators (alternators), of an output exceeding 375 kVA but not exceeding 750 kVA | |
| 85.02 | 8502.11 | Electric generating sets with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of an output not exceeding 75 kVA |
| .12 | Electric generating sets with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of an output exceeding 75 kVA but not exceeding 375 kVA | |
| .13 | Electric generating sets with compression-ignition internal combustion piston engines (diesel or semi-diesel engines), of an output exceeding 375 kVA | |
| .20 | Electric generating sets with spark-ignition internal combustion piston engines | |
| .31 | Other electric generating sets, wind-powered | |
| .39 | Other electric generating sets, other than those of 8502.31 | |
| .40 | Electric rotary converters | |
| 85.04 | 8504.10 | Ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes |
| .31 | Electrical transformers, other than liquid dielectric transformers, having a power handling capacity not exceeding 1 kVA | |
| .32 | Electrical transformers, other than liquid dielectric transformers, having a power handling capacity exceeding 1 kVA but not exceeding 16 kVA | |
| .33 | Electrical transformers, other than liquid dielectric transformers, having a power handling capacity exceeding 16 kVA but not exceeding 500 kVA | |
| .40 | Electrical static converters | |
| .50 | Electrical inductors other than ballasts for discharge lamps or tubes | |
| 85.07 | 8507.10 | Electric accumulators, lead-acid, of a kind used for starting piston engines |
| .20 | Other electric accumulators, lead-acid | |
| .30 | Electric accumulators, nickel-cadmium | |
| .40 | Electric accumulators, nickel-iron | |
| .80 | Other electric accumulators | |
| .90 | Parts of electric accumulators | |
| 85.11 | 8511.10 | Sparking plugs |
| .20 | Ignition magnetos; magneto-dynamos; magnetic flywheels | |
| .30 | Distributors; ignition coils | |
| .40 | Electrical starter motors and dual purpose starter-generators | |
| .50 | Other electrical generators of a kind used in conjunction with spark-ignition or compression-ignition internal combustion engines | |
| .80 | Other electrical ignition or starting equipment of a kind used for or in conjunction with spark-ignition or compression-ignition internal combustion engines, and cut-outs of a kind used in conjunction with such engines | |
| 85.16 | 8516.80 | Electric heating resistors assembled only with a simple insulated former and electrical connections, used for anti-icing or de-icing |
| 85.17 | 8517.12 | Telephones for cellular networks or for other wireless networks |
| .61 | Base stations for radio-telegraphy or radio-telephony | |
| .62 | Reception or transmission apparatus for radio-telegraphy or radio-telephony, other than those of 8517.61 | |
| .69 | Apparatus for radio telegraphy or radio-telephony other than those of 8517.61 and 8517.62 | |
| .70 | Aerial and aerial reflectors for radio-telephony or radio-telegraphy apparatus | |
| 85.18 | 8518.10 | Microphones and stands therefor |
| .21 | Single loudspeakers, mounted in their enclosures | |
| .22 | Multiple loudspeakers, mounted in the same enclosure | |
| .29 | Loudspeakers, not mounted in their enclosures | |
| .30 | Headphones and earphones, whether or not combined with a microphone, and sets consisting of a microphone and one or more loudspeakers | |
| .40 | Audio-frequency electric amplifiers | |
| .50 | Electric sound amplifier sets | |
| 85.19 | 8519.81 | Sound recording apparatus using magnetic, optical, or semi-conductor media not incorporating a sound reproducing device. |
| .89 | Sound recording apparatus not using magnetic, optical or semiconductor media, not incorporating a sound reproducing device | |
| 85.21 | 8521.10 | Video recording or reproducing apparatus, whether or not incorporating a video tuner, magnetic tape-type |
| 85.22 | 8522.90 | Assemblies and sub-assemblies consisting of two or more parts or pieces fastened or joined together, for sound recording apparatus using magnetic, optical or semiconductor media not incorporating a sound reproducing device, falling within 8519.81 , and other recording apparatus not incorporating a sound reproducing device |
| 85.26 | 8526.10 | Radar apparatus |
| .91 | Radio navigational aid apparatus | |
| .92 | Radio remote control apparatus | |
| 85.28 | 8528.41 | Cathode-ray tube monitors of a kind solely or principally used in an automatic data processing system of heading 8471 |
| .51 | Other monitors of a kind solely or principally used in an automatic data processing system of heading 8471 | |
| .61 | Projectors of a kind solely or principally used in an automatic data processing system of heading 8471 | |
| 85.29 | 8529.10 | Aerials and aerial reflectors of all kinds, suitable for use solely or principally with the apparatus of heading 85.26 |
| .90 | Assemblies and sub-assemblies of the apparatus of 8526 , consisting of two or more parts or pieces fastened or joined together | |
| 85.31 | 8531.10 | Burglar or fire alarms and similar apparatus |
| 8531.20 | Indicator panels incorporating liquid crystal devices (LCD) or light emitting diodes (LED) | |
| .80 | Electrical sound or visual signalling apparatus other than those of 8531.10 or 8531.20 | |
| 85.36 | 8536.70 | Connectors of plastics for optical fibres, optical fibre bundles or cables |
| 85.39 | 8539.10 | Sealed beam lamp units |
| 85.43 | 8543.70 | Flight recorders; electric synchros and transducers; de-frosters and de-misters with electric resistors for aircraft |
| .90 | Assemblies and sub-assemblies for flight recorders consisting of two or more parts or pieces fastened or joined together | |
| 85.44 | 8544.30 | Ignition wiring sets and other wiring sets of a kind used in aircraft |
| 88.01 | 8801.00 | Balloons and dirigibles; gliders, hang gliders and other non-powered aircraft |
| 88.02 | 8802.11 | Helicopters of an unladen weight not exceeding 2 000 kg |
| .12 | Helicopters of an unladen weight exceeding 2 000 kg | |
| .20 | Aeroplanes and other powered aircraft, of an unladen weight not exceeding 2 000 kg | |
| .30 | Aeroplanes and other powered aircraft, of an unladen weight exceeding 2 000 kg but not exceeding 15 000 kg | |
| .40 | Aeroplanes and other powered aircraft, of an unladen weight exceeding 15 000 kg | |
| 88.03 | 8803.10 | Propellers and rotors and parts thereof |
| .20 | Under-carriages and parts thereof | |
| .30 | Parts of aeroplanes or helicopters other than those of 8803.10 or 8803.20 | |
| .90 | Other parts of the goods of headings 88.01 or 88.02 | |
| 88.05 | 8805.29 | Ground flying trainers and parts thereof, other than air combat simulators and parts thereof of 8805.21 |
| 90.01 | 9001.90 | Lenses, prisms, mirrors and other optical elements, of any material, unmounted, other than such elements of glass not optically worked |
| 90.02 | 9002.90 | Lenses, prisms, mirrors and other optical elements, other than objective lenses or filters, of any material, mounted, being parts or fittings for instruments or apparatus, other than such elements of glass not optically worked |
| 90.14 | 9014.10 | Direction finding compasses |
| .20 | Instruments and appliances for aeronautical navigation (other than compasses) | |
| .90 | Parts and accessories for direction finding compasses and for instruments and appliances for aeronautical navigation (other than compasses) | |
| 90.20 | 9020.00 | Breathing appliances and gas masks, excluding protective masks having neither mechanical parts nor replaceable filters, and excluding parts thereof |
| 90.25 | 9025.11 | Thermometers and pyrometers, liquid-filled, for direct reading, not combined with other instruments |
| .19 | Other thermometers and pyrometers, not combined with other instruments | |
| .80 | Other instruments of 90.25 | |
| .90 | Parts and accessories of 9025.11 , 9025.19 or 9025.80 | |
| 90.26 | 9026.10 | Instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking the flow or level of liquids |
| .20 | Instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking pressure of liquids or gases | |
| .80 | Instruments and apparatus for measuring or checking variables of liquids or gases, other than the instruments and apparatus of 9026.10 or 9026.20 | |
| .90 | Parts of instruments and apparatus of 9026.10 , 9026.20 or 9026.80 | |
| 90.29 | 9029.10 | Revolution counters, electric or electronic |
| .20 | Speed indicators and tachometers | |
| .90 | Parts and accessories of revolution counters, speed indicators and tachometers | |
| 90.30 | 9030.10 | Instruments and apparatus for measuring or detecting ionising radiations |
| .20 | Oscilloscopes and oscillographs | |
| .31 | Multimeters for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, without a recording device | |
| .32 | Multimeters for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, with a recording device | |
| .33 | Instruments and apparatus, other than those of 9030.10 , 9030.20 or 9030.31 , for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, without a recording device | |
| .39 | Instruments and apparatus, other than those of 9030.10 , 9030.20 or 9030.32 , for measuring or checking voltage, current, resistance or power, with a recording device | |
| .40 | Instruments and apparatus, other than those of 9030.10 , 9030.20 , 9030.32 , or 9030.39 , for measuring or checking electrical quantities, with a recording device, specially designed for telecommunications | |
| .84 | Instruments and apparatus, other than those of 9030.10 , 9030.20 , 9030.32 , 9030.39 or 9030.40 , for measuring or checking electrical quantities, with a recording device | |
| .89 | Instruments and apparatus, other than those of 9030.10 , 9030.20 , 9030.31 , 9030.32 , 9030.33 , 9030.39 , 9030.40 or 9030.84 , for measuring or checking electrical quantities | |
| .90 | Parts and accessories of instruments and apparatus of 9030.10 , 9030.20 , 9030.31 , 9030.32 , 9030.33 , 9030.39 , 9030.40 , 9030.84 or 9030.89 | |
| 90.31 | 9031.80 | Measuring or checking instruments and apparatus not specified or included elsewhere in Chapter 90 |
| .90 | Parts and accessories of the instruments and apparatus of 9031.80 | |
| 90.32 | 9032.10 | Thermostats |
| .20 | Manostats | |
| .81 | Hydraulic or pneumatic automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus | |
| .89 | Other automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus | |
| .90 | Parts and accessories of automatic regulating or controlling instruments and apparatus of 90.32 | |
| 91.04 | 9104.00 | Instrument panel clocks and clocks of a similar type for aircraft |
| 91.09 | 9109.19 | Clock movements measuring not over 50 mm in width or diameter, complete and assembled, battery, accumulator or mains powered, other than of alarm clocks |
| .90 | Clock movements measuring not over 50 mm in width or diameter, complete and assembled, other than battery, accumulator or mains powered, other than of alarm clocks | |
| 94.01 | 9401.10 | Seats, other than leather covered seats |
| 94.03 | 9403.20 | Metal furniture, other than seats |
| .70 | Furniture of plastics, other than seats | |
| 94.05 | 9405.10 | Electric ceiling or wall lighting fittings, of base metal or of plastics |
| .60 | Illuminated signs, illuminated name-plates and the like, of base metal or of plastics | |
| .92 | Parts of the articles of 9405.10 or 9405.60 , of plastics | |
| .99 | Parts of the articles of 9405.10 or 9405.60 , of base metal |
[^E0001]: The term ‘signatories’ is hereinafter used to mean parties to this Agreement.
[^E0002]: ‘Other charges’ shall have the same meaning as in Article II of the GATT.
[^E0003]: Use of the phrase ‘access to business opportunities … on terms no less favourable …’ does not mean that the amount of contracts awarded to the qualified firms of one signatory entitles the qualified firms of other signatories to contracts of a similar amount.
[^E0004]: For the purpose of this Agreement, the term ‘government’ is deemed to include the competent authorities of the European Economic Community.
[^E0005]: For the purpose of Article 1.1 of this Agreement ‘ground flight simulators’ are to be regarded as ground flying trainers as provided for under 8805.29 of the Harmonized System.
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