Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on food additives (Text with EEA relevance)

REGULATION (EC) No 1333/2008 OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 16 December 2008 on food additives (Text with EEA relevance)

CHAPTER I

SUBJECT MATTER, SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS

Article 1

Subject matter

This Regulation lays down rules on food additives used in foods with a view to ensuring the effective functioning of the internal market whilst ensuring a high level of protection of human health and a high level of consumer protection, including the protection of consumer interests and fair practices in food trade, taking into account, where appropriate, the protection of the environment.

For those purposes, this Regulation provides for:

(a) Community lists of approved food additives as set out in Annexes II and III;

(b) conditions of use of food additives in foods, including in food additives and in food enzymes as covered by Regulation (EC) No 1332/2008 [on food enzymes], and in food flavourings as covered by Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods (¹);

(c) rules on the labelling of food additives sold as such.

Article 2

Scope

This Regulation shall not apply to the following substances unless they are used as food additives:

(a) processing aids;

(b) substances used for the protection of plants and plant products in accordance with Community rules relating to plant health;

(c) substances added to foods as nutrients;

(d) substances used for the treatment of water for human consumption falling within the scope of Council Directive 98/83/EC of 3 November 1998 on the quality of water intended for human consumption (²);

(e) flavourings falling within the scope of Regulation (EC) No 1334/2008 [on flavourings and certain food ingredients with flavouring properties for use in and on foods].

This Regulation shall apply without prejudice to any specific Community rules concerning the use of food additives:

(a) in specific foods;

(b) for purposes other than those covered by this Regulation.

Article 3

Definitions

For the purposes of this Regulation the following definitions shall also apply:

(a) ‘food additive’ shall mean any substance not normally consumed as a food in itself and not normally used as a characteristic ingredient of food, whether or not it has nutritive value, the intentional addition of which to food for a technological purpose in the manufacture, processing, preparation, treatment, packaging, transport or storage of such food results, or may be reasonably expected to result, in it or its by-products becoming directly or indirectly a component of such foods; The following are not considered to be food additives: (i) monosaccharides, disaccharides or oligosaccharides and foods containing these substances used for their sweetening properties; (ii) foods, whether dried or in concentrated form, including flavourings incorporated during the manufacturing of compound foods, because of their aromatic, sapid or nutritive properties together with a secondary colouring effect; (iii) substances used in covering or coating materials, which do not form part of foods and are not intended to be consumed together with those foods; (iv) products containing pectin and derived from dried apple pomace or peel of citrus fruits or quinces, or from a mixture of them, by the action of dilute acid followed by partial neutralisation with sodium or potassium salts (liquid pectin); (v) chewing gum bases; (vi) white or yellow dextrin, roasted or dextrinated starch, starch modified by acid or alkali treatment, bleached starch, physically modified starch and starch treated by amylolitic enzymes; (vii) ammonium chloride; (viii) blood plasma, edible gelatin, protein hydrolysates and their salts, milk protein and gluten; (ix) amino acids and their salts other than glutamic acid, glycine, cysteine and cystine and their salts having no technological function; (x) caseinates and casein; (xi) inulin;

(b) ‘processing aid’ shall mean any substance which: (i) is not consumed as a food by itself; (ii) is intentionally used in the processing of raw materials, foods or their ingredients, to fulfil a certain technological purpose during treatment or processing; and (iii) may result in the unintentional but technically unavoidable presence in the final product of residues of the substance or its derivatives provided they do not present any health risk and do not have any technological effect on the final product;

(c) ‘functional class’ shall mean one of the categories set out in Annex I based on the technological function a food additive exerts in the foodstuff;

(d) ‘unprocessed food’ shall mean a food which has not undergone any treatment resulting in a substantial change in the original state of the food, for which purpose the following in particular are not regarded as resulting in substantial change: dividing, parting, severing, boning, mincing, skinning, paring, peeling, grinding, cutting, cleaning, trimming, deep-freezing, freezing, chilling, milling, husking, packing or unpacking;

(e) ‘food with no added sugars’ shall mean a food without the following: (i) any added monosaccharides or disaccharides; (ii) any added food containing monosaccharides or disaccharides which is used for its sweetening properties;

(f) ‘energy-reduced food’ shall mean a food with an energy value reduced by at least 30 % compared with the original food or a similar product;

(g) ‘table-top sweeteners’ shall mean preparations of permitted sweeteners, which may contain other food additives and/or food ingredients and which are intended for sale to the final consumer as a substitute for sugars;

(h) ‘quantum satis’ shall mean that no maximum numerical level is specified and substances shall be used in accordance with good manufacturing practice, at a level not higher than is necessary to achieve the intended purpose and provided the consumer is not misled.

CHAPTER II

COMMUNITY LISTS OF APPROVED FOOD ADDITIVES

Article 4

Community lists of food additives

Article 5

Prohibition of non-compliant food additives and/or non-compliant food

No person shall place on the market a food additive or any food in which such a food additive is present if the use of the food additive does not comply with this Regulation.

Article 6

General conditions for inclusion and use of food additives in Community lists

A food additive may be included in the Community lists in Annexes II and III only if it meets the following conditions and, where relevant, other legitimate factors, including environmental factors:

(a) it does not, on the basis of the scientific evidence available, pose a safety concern to the health of the consumer at the level of use proposed;

(b) there is a reasonable technological need that cannot be achieved by other economically and technologically practicable means; and

(c) its use does not mislead the consumer.

To be included in the Community lists in Annexes II and III a food additive must have advantages and benefits for the consumer and therefore serve one or more of the following purposes:

(a) preserving the nutritional quality of the food;

(b) providing necessary ingredients or constituents for foods manufactured for groups of consumers with special dietary needs;

(c) enhancing the keeping quality or stability of a food or improving its organoleptic properties, provided that the nature, substance or quality of the food is not changed in such a way as to mislead the consumer;

(d) aiding in the manufacture, processing, preparation, treatment, packing, transport or storage of food, including food additives, food enzymes and food flavourings, provided that the food additive is not used to disguise the effects of the use of faulty raw materials or of any undesirable practices or techniques, including unhygienic practices or techniques, during the course of any such activities.

By way of derogation from paragraph 2(a), a food additive which reduces the nutritional quality of a food may be included in the Community list in Annex II provided that:

(a) the food does not constitute a significant component of a normal diet; or

(b) the food additive is necessary for the production of foods for groups of consumers with special dietary needs.

Article 7

Specific conditions for sweeteners

A food additive may be included in the Community list in Annex II for the functional class of sweetener only if, in addition to serving one or more of the purposes set out in Article 6(2), it serves one or more of the following purposes:

(a) replacing sugars for the production of energy-reduced food, non-cariogenic food or food with no added sugars; or

(b) replacing sugars where this permits an increase in the shelf-life of the food; or

(c) producing food intended for particular nutritional uses as defined in Article 1(2)(a) of Directive 89/398/EEC.

Article 8

Specific conditions for colours

A food additive may be included in the Community list in Annex II for the functional class of colour only if, in addition to serving one or more of the purposes set out in Article 6(2), it serves one of the following purposes:

(a) restoring the original appearance of food of which the colour has been affected by processing, storage, packaging and distribution, whereby visual acceptability may have been impaired;

(b) making food more visually appealing;

(c) giving colour to food otherwise colourless.

Article 9

Functional classes of food additives

Food additives may be assigned in Annexes II and III to one of the functional classes in Annex I on the basis of the principal technological function of the food additive.

Allocating a food additive to a functional class shall not preclude it from being used for several functions.

Article 10

The content of the Community lists of food additives

A food additive which complies with the conditions set out in Articles 6, 7 and 8 may, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Regulation (EC) No 1331/2008 [establishing a common authorisation procedure for food additives, food enzymes and food flavourings] be included in:

(a) the Community list in Annex II to this Regulation; and/or

(b) the Community list in Annex III to this Regulation.

The entry for a food additive in the Community lists in Annexes II and III shall specify:

(a) the name of the food additive and its E number;

(b) the foods to which the food additive may be added;

(c) the conditions under which the food additive may be used;

(d) if appropriate, whether there are any restrictions on the sale of the food additive directly to the final consumer.

Article 11

Levels of use of food additives

When establishing the conditions of use referred to in Article 10(2)(c):

(a) the level of use shall be set at the lowest level necessary to achieve the desired effect;

(b) the levels shall take into account: (i) any acceptable daily intake, or equivalent assessment, established for the food additive and the probable daily intake of it from all sources; (ii) where the food additive is to be used in foods eaten by special groups of consumers, the possible daily intake of the food additive by consumers in those groups.

Article 12

Changes in the production process or starting materials of a food additive already included in a Community list

When a food additive is already included in a Community list and there is a significant change in its production methods or in the starting materials used, or there is a change in particle size, for example through nanotechnology, the food additive prepared by those new methods or materials shall be considered as a different additive and a new entry in the Community lists or a change in the specifications shall be required before it can be placed on the market.

Article 13

Food additives falling within the scope of Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003

Article 14

Specifications of food additives

The specifications of food additives relating, in particular, to origin, purity criteria and any other necessary information, shall be adopted when the food additive is included in the Community lists in Annexes II and III for the first time, in accordance with the procedure referred to in Regulation (EC) No 1331/2008 [establishing a common authorisation procedure for food additives, food enzymes and food flavourings].

CHAPTER III

USE OF FOOD ADDITIVES IN FOODS

Article 15

Use of food additives in unprocessed foods

Food additives shall not be used in unprocessed foods, except where such use is specifically provided for in Annex II.

Article 16

Use of food additives in foods for infants and young children

Food additives shall not be used in foods for infants and young children as referred to in Directive 89/398/EEC, including dietary foods for infants and young children for special medical purposes, except where specifically provided for in Annex II to this Regulation.

Article 17

Use of colours for markings

Only food colours listed in Annex II to this Regulation may be used for the purpose of health marking as provided for in Council Directive 91/497/EEC of 29 July 1991 amending and consolidating Directive 64/433/EEC on health problems affecting intra-Community trade in fresh meat to extend it to the production and marketing of fresh meat (³) and other markings required on meat products, for the decorative colouring of eggshells and for the stamping of eggshells as provided for in Regulation (EC) No 853/2004 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004 laying down specific hygiene rules for food of animal origin (⁴).

Article 18

Carry-over principle

The presence of a food additive shall be permitted:

(a) in a compound food other than as referred to in Annex II, where the food additive is permitted in one of the ingredients of the compound food;

(b) in a food to which a food additive, food enzyme or food flavouring has been added, where the food additive: (i) is permitted in the food additive, food enzyme or food flavouring in accordance with this Regulation; and (ii) has been carried over to the food via the food additive, food enzyme or food flavouring; and (iii) has no technological function in the final food;

(c) in a food which is to be used solely in the preparation of a compound food and provided that the compound food complies with this Regulation.

Article 19

Interpretation decisions

Where necessary, it may be decided in accordance with the regulatory procedure referred to in Article 28(2) whether or not:

(a) a particular food belongs to a category of food referred to in Annex II; or

(b) a food additive listed in Annexes II and III and permitted at ‘quantum satis’ is used in accordance with the criteria referred to in Article 11(2); or

(c) a given substance meets the definition of food additive in Article 3.

Article 20

Traditional foods

The Member States listed in Annex IV may continue to prohibit the use of certain categories of food additives in the traditional foods produced on their territory as listed in that Annex.

CHAPTER IV

LABELLING

Article 21

Labelling of food additives not intended for sale to the final consumer

Article 22

General labelling requirements for food additives not intended for sale to the final consumer

Where food additives not intended for sale to the final consumer are sold singly or mixed with each other and/or other food ingredients and/or with other substances added to them, their packaging or containers shall bear the following information:

(a) the name and/or E-number laid down in this Regulation in respect of each food additive or a sales description which includes the name and/or E-number of each food additive;

(b) the statement ‘for food’ or the statement ‘restricted use in food’ or a more specific reference to its intended food use;

(c) if necessary, the special conditions of storage and/or use;

(d) a mark identifying the batch or lot;

(e) instructions for use, if the omission thereof would preclude appropriate use of the food additive;

(f) the name or business name and address of the manufacturer, packager or seller;

(g) an indication of the maximum quantity of each component or group of components subject to quantitative limitation in food and/or appropriate information in clear and easily understandable terms enabling the purchaser to comply with this Regulation or other relevant Community law; where the same limit on quantity applies to a group of components used singly or in combination, the combined percentage may be given as a single figure; the limit on quantity shall be expressed either numerically or by the quantum satis principle;

(h) the net quantity;

(i) the date of minimum durability or use-by-date;

(j) where relevant, information on a food additive or other substances referred to in this Article and listed in Annex IIIa to Directive 2000/13/EC as regards the indication of the ingredients present in foodstuffs.

Article 23

Labelling of food additives intended for sale to the final consumer

Without prejudice to Directive 2000/13/EC, Council Directive 89/396/EEC of 14 June 1989 on indications or marks identifying the lot to which a foodstuff belongs (⁵) and Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003, food additives sold singly or mixed with each other and/or other food ingredients intended for sale to the final consumer may be marketed only if their packaging contains the following information:

(a) the name and E-number laid down in this Regulation in respect of each food additive or a sales description which includes the name and E-number of each food additive;

(b) the statement ‘for food’ or the statement ‘restricted use in food’ or a more specific reference to its intended food use.

The labelling of a table-top sweetener containing polyols and/or aspartame and/or aspartame-acesulfame salt shall bear the following warnings:

(a) polyols: ‘excessive consumption may induce laxative effects’;

(b) aspartame/aspartame-acesulfame salt: ‘contains a source of phenylalanine’.

Article 24

Labelling requirement for foods containing certain food colours

Article 25

Other labelling requirements

Articles 21, 22, 23 and 24 shall be without prejudice to more detailed or more extensive laws, regulations or administrative provisions regarding weights and measures or applying to the presentation, classification, packaging and labelling of dangerous substances and preparations or applying to the transport of such substances and preparations.

CHAPTER V

PROCEDURAL PROVISIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION

Article 26

Information obligation

Article 27

Monitoring of food additive intake

Article 28

Committee

Where reference is made to this paragraph, Articles 5 and 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof.

The period laid down in Article 5(6) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be set at three months.

Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5a(1) to (4) and (5)(b) and Article 7 of Decision 1999/468/EC shall apply, having regard to the provisions of Article 8 thereof.

The time-limits laid down in Article 5a(3)(c) and (4)(b) and (e) of Decision 1999/468/EC shall be 2 months, 2 months and 4 months respectively.

Article 29

Community financing of harmonised policies

The legal basis for the financing of measures resulting from this Regulation shall be Article 66(1)(c) of Regulation (EC) No 882/2004.

CHAPTER VI

TRANSITIONAL AND FINAL PROVISIONS

Article 30

Establishment of Community lists of food additives

Food additives which are permitted for use in foods under Directives 94/35/EC, 94/36/EC and 95/2/EC, as amended on the basis of Article 31 of this Regulation, and their conditions of use shall be entered in Annex II to this Regulation after a review of their compliance with Articles 6, 7 and 8 thereof. The measures relating to the entry of such additives in Annex II, which are designed to amend non-essential elements of this Regulation, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 28(4). The review shall not include a new risk assessment by the Authority. The review shall be completed by 20 January 2011.

Food additives and uses which are no longer needed shall not be entered in Annex II.

Food additives authorised for use in food additives in Directive 95/2/EC and their conditions of use shall be entered in Part 1 of Annex III to this Regulation after a review of their compliance with Article 6 thereof. The measures relating to the entry of such additives in Annex III, which are designed to amend non-essential elements of this Regulation, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 28(4). The review shall not include a new risk assessment by the Authority. The review shall be completed by 20 January 2011.

Food additives and uses which are no longer needed shall not be entered in Annex III.

Food additives authorised for use in food flavourings in Directive 95/2/EC and their conditions of use shall be entered in Part 4 of Annex III to this Regulation after a review of their compliance with Article 6 thereof. The measures relating to the entry of such additives in Annex III, which are designed to amend non-essential elements of this Regulation, shall be adopted in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 28(4). The review shall not include a new risk assessment by the Authority. The review shall be completed by 20 January 2011.

Food additives and uses which are no longer needed shall not be entered in Annex III.

Article 31

Transitional measures

Until the establishment of the Community lists of food additives as provided for in Article 30 is completed, the Annexes to Directives 94/35/EC, 94/36/EC and 95/2/EC shall be amended, where necessary, by measures, designed to amend non-essential elements of those Directives, adopted by the Commission in accordance with the regulatory procedure with scrutiny referred to in Article 28(4).

Foods placed on the market or labelled before 20 January 2010 which do not comply with Article 22(1)(i) and (4) may be marketed until their date of minimum durability or use-by-date.

Foods placed on the market or labelled before 20 July 2010 which do not comply with Article 24 may be marketed until their date of minimum durability or use-by-date.

Article 32

Re-evaluation of approved food additives

Article 33

Repeals

The following acts shall be repealed:

(a) Council Directive of 23 October 1962 on the approximation of the rules of the Member States concerning the colouring matters authorised for use in foodstuffs intended for human consumption;

(b) Directive 65/66/EEC;

(c) Directive 78/663/EEC;

(d) Directive 78/664/EEC;

(e) Directive 81/712/EEC;

(f) Directive 89/107/EEC;

(g) Directive 94/35/EC;

(h) Directive 94/36/EC;

(i) Directive 95/2/EC;

(j) Decision No 292/97/EC;

(k) Decision 2002/247/EC.

Article 34

Transitional provisions

By way of derogation from Article 33, the following provisions shall continue to apply until the transfer under Article 30(1), (2) and (3) of this Regulation of food additives already permitted in Directives 94/35/EC, 94/36/EC and 95/2/EC has been completed:

(a) Article 2(1), (2) and (4) of Directive 94/35/EC and the Annex thereto;

(b) Article 2(1) to (6), (8), (9) and (10) of Directive 94/36/EC and Annexes I to V thereto;

(c) Articles 2 and 4 of Directive 95/2/EC and Annexes I to VI thereto.

Notwithstanding point (c), the authorisations for E 1103 Invertase and E 1105 Lysozyme laid down in Directive 95/2/EC shall be repealed with effect from the date of application of the Community list on food enzymes in accordance with Article 17 of Regulation (EC) No 1332/2008 [on food enzymes].

Article 35

Entry into force

This Regulation shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

It shall apply from 20 January 2010.

However, Article 4(2) shall apply to Parts 2, 3 and 5 of Annex III from 1 January 2011 and Article 23(4) shall apply from 20 January 2011. Article 24 shall apply from 20 July 2010. Article 31 shall apply from 20 January 2009.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

ANNEX I

Functional classes of food additives in foods and of food additives in food additives and food enzymes

ANNEX II

Union list of food additives approved for use in foods and conditions of use

PART A

This Union list includes:

— the name of the food additive and its E-number; as an alternative more specific E-numbers and names listed in Commission Regulation (EU) No 231/2012 (⁶) may be used, excluding synonyms, if the named food additives have indeed been added to a certain food,

— the foods to which the food additive may be added,

— the conditions under which the food additive may be used,

— restrictions on the sale of the food additive directly to the final consumer.

1.Only the substances listed in Part B, as specified by Regulation (EU) No 231/2012, may be used as additives in foods, unless more specifically provided for in Part E.

2.Additives may only be used in the foods and under the conditions set out in Part E of this Annex.

3.In Part E of this Annex, foods are listed on the basis of food categories set out in Part D of this Annex and additives are grouped on the basis of definitions set out in Part C of this Annex.

4.Aluminium lakes prepared from all colours listed in Table 1 of Part B are authorised until 31 July 2014.

From 1 August 2014 only aluminium lakes prepared from the colours listed in Table 3 of this Part A are authorised and only in those food categories where provisions on maximum limits on aluminium coming from lakes are explicitly stated in Part E.

5.The colours E 123, E 127, E 160b(i), E 160b(ii), E 161g, E 171, E 173 and E 180 and mixtures thereof may not be sold directly to the consumer.

6.The substances listed under numbers E 407, E 407a and E 440 may be standardised with sugars, on condition that this is stated in addition to the number and designation.

7.When labelled ‘for food use’, nitrite may be sold only in a mixture with salt or a salt substitute.

8.The carry over principle set out in Article 18(1)(a) of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, shall not apply to foods listed in Table 1, as regards food additives in general, and in Table 2, as regards food colours.

1	Unprocessed foods as defined in Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008, excluding meat preparations as defined by Regulation (EC) No 853/2004
2	Honey as defined in Council Directive 2001/110/EC (1)
3	Non-emulsified oils and fats of animal or vegetable origin
4	Butter
5	Unflavoured pasteurised and sterilised (including UHT) milk and unflavoured plain pasteurised cream (excluding reduced fat cream)
6	Unflavoured fermented milk products, not heat-treated after fermentation
7	Unflavoured buttermilk (excluding sterilised buttermilk)
8	Natural mineral water as defined in Directive 2009/54/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (2) and spring water and all other bottled or packed waters
9	Coffee (excluding flavoured instant coffee) and coffee extracts
10	Unflavoured leaf tea
11	Sugars as defined in Council Directive 2001/111/EC (3)
12	Dry pasta, excluding gluten-free pasta (as food specially produced to reduce the gluten content of gluten-containing ingredients or substitute the gluten-containing ingredients), and pasta intended for hypoproteic diets
13	Foods for infants and young children as referred to in Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 (5), including foods for special medical purposes for infants and young children
(1) OJ L 10, 12.1.2002, p. 47. (2) OJ L 164, 26.6.2009, p. 45. (3) OJ L 10, 12.1.2002, p. 53. (4) OJ L 124, 20.5.2009, p. 21. (5) Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 June 2013 on food intended for infants and young children, food for special medical purposes, and total diet replacement for weight control and repealing Council Directive 92/52/EEC, Commission Directives 96/8/EC, 1999/21/EC, 2006/125/EC and 2006/141/EC, Directive 2009/39/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulations (EC) No 41/2009 and (EC) No 953/2009 (OJ L 181, 29.6.2013, p. 35).
1	Unprocessed foods as defined in Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008
---	---
2	All bottled or packed waters
3	Milk, full fat, semi-skimmed and skimmed milk, pasteurised or sterilised (including UHT sterilisation) (unflavoured)
4	Chocolate milk
5	Fermented milk (unflavoured)
6	Preserved milks as mentioned in Council Directive 2001/114/EC (1) (unflavoured)
7	Buttermilk (unflavoured)
8	Cream and cream powder (unflavoured)
9	Oils and fats of animal or vegetable origin
10	Ripened and unripened cheese (unflavoured)
11	Butter from sheep and goats’ milk
12	Eggs and egg products as defined in Regulation (EC) No 853/2004
13	Flour and other milled products and starches
14	Bread and similar products
15	Pasta and gnocchi
16	Sugar including all mono- and disaccharides
17	Tomato paste and canned and bottled tomatoes
18	Tomato-based sauces
19	Fruit juice and fruit nectar as mentioned in Council Directive 2001/112/EC (2) and vegetable juice and vegetable nectars
20	Fruit, vegetables (including potatoes) and mushrooms — canned, bottled or dried; processed fruit, vegetables (including potatoes) and mushrooms
21	Extra jam, extra jelly, and chestnut purée as mentioned in Council Directive 2001/113/EC (3); crème de pruneaux
22	Fish, molluscs and crustaceans, meat, poultry and game as well as their preparations, but not including prepared meals containing these ingredients
23	Cocoa products and chocolate components in chocolate products as mentioned in Directive 2000/36/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (4)
24	Roasted coffee, tea, herbal and fruit infusions, chicory; extracts of tea and herbal and fruit infusions and of chicory; tea, herbal and fruit infusions and cereal preparations for infusions, as well as mixes and instant mixes of these products
25	Salt, salt substitutes, spices and mixtures of spices
26	Wine and other products covered by Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council (5), as listed in its Annex VII part II
27	Spirit drinks defined in Annex I, categories 1-14 of Regulation (EU) 2019/787 of the European Parliament and of the Council (6), spirit (preceded by the name of the fruit, berries or nuts) obtained by maceration and distillation and London gin (Annex I, categories 16 and 22 of that Regulation, respectively) Sambuca, Maraschino, Marrasquino or Maraskino and Mistrà as defined in Annex I, categories 36, 37 and 41 of Regulation (EU) 2019/787, respectively
28	Sangria, Clarea and Zurra as mentioned in Regulation (EU) No 251/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council (7)
29	Wine vinegar covered by Regulation (EU) No 1308/2013, as listed in its Annex VII part II
30	Milk-based drinks and similar products intended for young children (8) and foods for infants and young children as mentioned in Regulation (EU) No 609/2013, including foods for special medical purposes for infants and young children
31	Honey as defined in Directive 2001/110/EC
32	Malt and malt products
(1) OJ L 15, 17.1.2002, p. 19. (2) OJ L 10, 12.1.2002, p. 58. (3) OJ L 10, 12.1.2002, p. 67. (4) OJ L 197, 3.8.2000, p. 19. (5) OJ L 347, 20.12.2013, p. 671. (6) OJ L 130, 17.5.2019, p. 1. (7) OJ L 84, 20.3.2014, p. 14. (8) Category of products established for the sole purpose of regulating the use of additives in the concerned food.
E-number	Name
---	---
E 100	Curcumin
E 101	Riboflavins
E 102	Tartrazine
E 104	Quinoline Yellow
E 110	Sunset Yellow FCF/Orange Yellow S
E 120	Carminic acid, Carmine
E 122	Azorubine, Carmoisine
E 123	Amaranth
E 124	Ponceau 4R, Cochineal Red A
E 127	Erythrosine
E 129	Allura Red AC
E 131	Patent Blue V
E 132	Indigotine, Indigo carmine
E 133	Brilliant Blue FCF
E 141	Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins
E 142	Green S
E 151	Brilliant Black PN
E 155	Brown HT
E 163	Anthocyanins
E 180	Litholrubine BK

PART B

LIST OF ALL ADDITIVES

E-number	Name
E 100	Curcumin
E 101	Riboflavins
E 102	Tartrazine
E 104	Quinoline Yellow
E 110	Sunset Yellow FCF/Orange Yellow S
E 120	Carminic acid, Carmine
E 122	Azorubine, Carmoisine
E 123	Amaranth
E 124	Ponceau 4R, Cochineal Red A
E 127	Erythrosine
E 129	Allura Red AC
E 131	Patent Blue V
E 132	Indigotine, Indigo carmine
E 133	Brilliant Blue FCF
E 140	Chlorophylls and chlorophyllins
E 141	Copper complexes of chlorophylls, chlorophyllins
E 142	Green S
E 150a	Plain caramel (1)
E 150b	Caustic sulphite caramel
E 150c	Ammonia caramel
E 150d	Sulphite ammonia caramel
E 151	Brilliant Black PN
E 153	Vegetable carbon
E 155	Brown HT
E 160a	Carotenes
E 160b(i)	Annatto bixin
E 160b(ii)	Annatto norbixin
E 160c	Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin
E 160d	Lycopene
E 160e	Beta-apo-8′-carotenal (C 30)
E 161b	Lutein
E 161g	Canthaxanthin (*1)
E 162	Beetroot Red, betanin
E 163	Anthocyanins
E 170	Calcium carbonate
E 171	Titanium dioxide (*2)
E 172	Iron oxides and hydroxides
E 173	Aluminium
E 174	Silver
E 175	Gold
E 180	Litholrubine BK
(1) The term caramel relates to products of a more or less intense brown colour which are intended for colouring. It does not correspond to the sugary aromatic product obtained from heating sugars and which is used for flavouring food (e.g. confectionery, pastry, alcoholic drinks). (1) Canthaxanthin is not authorised in the food categories listed in Part D and E. The substance is in list B1 because it is used in medicinal products in accordance with Directive 2009/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 109, 30.4.2009, p. 10). (2) Titanium dioxide is not authorised in the food categories listed in Part D and E. The substance is in list B1 because it is used in medicinal products in accordance with Directive 2009/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 109, 30.4.2009, p. 10).
E-number	Name
---	---
E 420	Sorbitols
E 421	Mannitol
E 950	Acesulfame K
E 951	Aspartame
E 952	Cyclamates
E 953	Isomalt
E 954	Saccharins
E 955	Sucralose
E 957	Thaumatin
E 959	Neohesperidine DC
E 960a	Steviol glycosides from Stevia
E 960b	Steviol glycosides from fermentation
E 960c	Enzymatically produced steviol glycosides
E 960d	Glucosylated steviol glycosides
E 961	Neotame
E 962	Salt of aspartame-acesulfame
E 964	Polyglycitol syrup
E 965	Maltitols
E 966	Lactitol
E 967	Xylitol
E 968	Erythritol
E 969	Advantame
E-number	Name
---	---
E 170	Calcium carbonate
E 172	Iron oxides and hydroxides
E 200	Sorbic acid
E 202	Potassium sorbate
—————
E 210	Benzoic acid (1)
E 211	Sodium benzoate (1)
E 212	Potassium benzoate (1)
E 213	Calcium benzoate (1)
E 214	Ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
E 215	Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 218	Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 219	Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 220	Sulphur dioxide
E 221	Sodium sulphite
E 222	Sodium hydrogen sulphite
E 223	Sodium metabisulphite
E 224	Potassium metabisulphite
E 226	Calcium sulphite
E 227	Calcium hydrogen sulphite
E 228	Potassium hydrogen sulphite
E 234	Nisin
E 235	Natamycin
E 239	Hexamethylene tetramine
E 242	Dimethyl dicarbonate
E 243	Ethyl lauroyl arginate
E 246	Glycolipids
E 249	Potassium nitrite
E 250	Sodium nitrite
E 251	Sodium nitrate
E 252	Potassium nitrate
E 260	Acetic acid
E 261	Potassium acetates (4)
E 262	Sodium acetates
E 263	Calcium acetate
E 267	Buffered vinegar
E 270	Lactic acid
E 280	Propionic acid
E 281	Sodium propionate
E 282	Calcium propionate
E 283	Potassium propionate
E 284	Boric acid
E 285	Sodium tetraborate (borax)
E 290	Carbon dioxide
E 296	Malic acid
E 297	Fumaric acid
E 300	Ascorbic acid
E 301	Sodium ascorbate
E 302	Calcium ascorbate
E 304	Fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid
E 306	Tocopherol-rich extract
E 307	Alpha-tocopherol
E 308	Gamma-tocopherol
E 309	Delta-tocopherol
E 310	Propyl gallate
—————
E 315	Erythorbic acid
E 316	Sodium erythorbate
E 319	Tertiary-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ)
E 320	Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)
E 321	Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT)
E 322	Lecithins
E 322a	Oat lecithin
E 325	Sodium lactate
E 326	Potassium lactate
E 327	Calcium lactate
E 330	Citric acid
E 331	Sodium citrates
E 332	Potassium citrates
E 333	Calcium citrates
E 334	Tartaric acid (L(+)-)
E 335	Sodium tartrates
E 336	Potassium tartrates
E 337	Sodium potassium tartrate
E 338	Phosphoric acid
E 339	Sodium phosphates
E 340	Potassium phosphates
E 341	Calcium phosphates
E 343	Magnesium phosphates
E 345(i)	Trimagnesium dicitrate
E 350	Sodium malates
E 351	Potassium malate
E 352	Calcium malates
E 353	Metatartaric acid
E 354	Calcium tartrate
E 355	Adipic acid
E 356	Sodium adipate
E 357	Potassium adipate
E 363	Succinic acid
E 380	Triammonium citrate
E 385	Calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate (Calcium disodium EDTA)
E 392	Extracts of rosemary
E 400	Alginic acid
E 401	Sodium alginate
E 402	Potassium alginate
E 403	Ammonium alginate
E 404	Calcium alginate
E 405	Propane-1, 2-diol alginate
E 406	Agar
E 407a	Processed euchema seaweed
E 407	Carrageenan
E 410	Locust bean gum
E 412	Guar gum
E 413	Tragacanth
E 414	Gum arabic (acacia gum)
E 415	Xanthan gum
E 416	Karaya gum
E 417	Tara gum
E 418	Gellan gum
E 422	Glycerol
E 423	Octenyl succinic acid modified gum arabic
E 425	Konjac
E 426	Soybean hemicellulose
E 427	Cassia gum
E 431	Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate
E 432	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20)
E 433	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80)
E 434	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40)
E 435	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60)
E 436	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate (polysorbate 65)
E 440	Pectins
E 442	Ammonium phosphatides
E 444	Sucrose acetate isobutyrate
E 445	Glycerol esters of wood rosins
E 450	Diphosphates
E 451	Triphosphates
E 452	Polyphosphates
E 456	Potassium polyaspartate
E 459	Beta-cyclodextrin
E 460	Cellulose
E 461	Methyl cellulose
E 462	Ethyl cellulose
E 463	Hydroxypropyl cellulose
E 463a	Low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose (L-HPC)
E 464	Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose
E 465	Ethyl methyl cellulose
E 466	Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, Cellulose gum
E 468	Cross-linked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, cross linked cellulose gum
E 469	Enzymatically hydrolysed carboxy methyl cellulose, Enzymatically hydrolysed cellulose gum
E 470a	Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids
E 470b	Magnesium salts of fatty acids
E 471	Mono-and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 472a	Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 472b	Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 472c	Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 472d	Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 472e	Mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 472f	Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 473	Sucrose esters of fatty acids
E 474	Sucroglycerides
E 475	Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids
E 476	Polyglycerol polyricinoleate
E 477	Propane-1,2-diol esters of fatty acids
E 479b	Thermally oxidised soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids
E 481	Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate
E 482	Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate
—————
E 491	Sorbitan monostearate
E 492	Sorbitan tristearate
E 493	Sorbitan monolaurate
E 494	Sorbitan monooleate
E 495	Sorbitan monopalmitate
E 499	Stigmasterol-rich plant sterols
E 500	Sodium carbonates
E 501	Potassium carbonates
E 503	Ammonium carbonates
E 504	Magnesium carbonates
E 507	Hydrochloric acid
E 508	Potassium chloride
E 509	Calcium chloride
E 511	Magnesium chloride
E 512	Stannous chloride
E 513	Sulphuric acid
E 514	Sodium sulphates
E 515	Potassium sulphates
E 516	Calcium sulphate
E 517	Ammonium sulphate
E 520	Aluminium sulphate
E 521	Aluminium sodium sulphate
E 522	Aluminium potassium sulphate
E 523	Aluminium ammonium sulphate
E 524	Sodium hydroxide
E 525	Potassium hydroxide
E 526	Calcium hydroxide
E 527	Ammonium hydroxide
E 528	Magnesium hydroxide
E 529	Calcium oxide
E 530	Magnesium oxide
E 534	Iron tartrate
E 535	Sodium ferrocyanide
E 536	Potassium ferrocyanide
E 538	Calcium ferrocyanide
E 541	Sodium aluminium phosphate acidic
E 551	Silicon dioxide
E 552	Calcium silicate
E 553a	Magnesium silicate
E 553b	Talc
E 554	Sodium aluminium silicate
E 555	Potassium aluminium silicate
E 556	Calcium aluminium silicate (2)
E 558	Bentonite (3)
E 559	Aluminium silicate (Kaolin) (2)
E 570	Fatty acids
E 574	Gluconic acid
E 575	Glucono-delta-lactone
E 576	Sodium gluconate
E 577	Potassium gluconate
E 578	Calcium gluconate
E 579	Ferrous gluconate
E 585	Ferrous lactate
E 586	4-Hexylresorcinol
E 620	Glutamic acid
E 621	Monosodium glutamate
E 622	Monopotassium glutamate
E 623	Calcium diglutamate
E 624	Monoammonium glutamate
E 625	Magnesium diglutamate
E 626	Guanylic acid
E 627	Disodium guanylate
E 628	Dipotassium guanylate
E 629	Calcium guanylate
E 630	Inosinic acid
E 631	Disodium inosinate
E 632	Dipotassium inosinate
E 633	Calcium inosinate
E 634	Calcium 5′-ribonucleotides
E 635	Disodium 5′-ribonucleotides
E 640	Glycine and its sodium salt
E 641	L-leucine
E 650	Zinc acetate
E 900	Dimethyl polysiloxane
E 901	Beeswax, white and yellow
E 902	Candelilla wax
E 903	Carnauba wax
E 904	Shellac
E 905	Microcrystalline wax
E 907	Hydrogenated poly-1-decene
—————
E 914	Oxidised polyethylene wax
E 920	L-cysteine
E 927b	Carbamide
E 938	Argon
E 939	Helium
E 941	Nitrogen
E 942	Nitrous oxide
E 943a	Butane
E 943b	Isobutane
E 944	Propane
E 948	Oxygen
E 949	Hydrogen
E 999	Quillaia extract
E 1103	Invertase
E 1105	Lysozyme
E 1200	Polydextrose
E 1201	Polyvinylpyrrolidone
E 1202	Polyvinylpolypyrrolidone
E 1203	Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)
E 1204	Pullulan
E 1205	Basic methacrylate copolymer
E 1206	Neutral methacrylate copolymer
E 1207	Anionic methacrylate copolymer
E 1208	Polyvinylpyrrolidone-vinyl acetate copolymer
E 1209	Polyvinyl alcohol-polyethylene glycol-graft-co-polymer
E 1210	Carbomer
E 1404	Oxidised starch
E 1410	Monostarch phosphate
E 1412	Distarch phosphate
E 1413	Phosphated distarch phosphate
E 1414	Acetylated distarch phosphate
E 1420	Acetylated starch
E 1422	Acetylated distarch adipate
E 1440	Hydroxy propyl starch
E 1442	Hydroxy propyl distarch phosphate
E 1450	Starch sodium octenyl succinate
E 1451	Acetylated oxidised starch
E 1452	Starch aluminium octenyl succinate
E 1505	Triethyl citrate
E 1517	Glyceryl diacetate (diacetin)
E 1518	Glyceryl triacetate (triacetin)
E 1519	Benzyl alcohol
E 1520	Propane-1, 2-diol (propylene glycol)
E 1521	Polyethylene glycol
(1) Benzoic acid may be present in certain fermented products resulting from the fermentation process following good manufacturing practice. (2) authorised until 31 January 2014. (3) authorised until 31 May 2013. (4) Period of application: From 6 February 2013.

PART C

DEFINITIONS OF GROUPS OF ADDITIVES

E-number	Name	Specific maximum level
E 170	Calcium carbonate	quantum satis
E 260	Acetic acid	quantum satis
E 261	Potassium acetates (4)	quantum satis
E 262	Sodium acetates	quantum satis
E 263	Calcium acetate	quantum satis
E 267	Buffered vinegar	quantum satis
E 270	Lactic acid	quantum satis
E 290	Carbon dioxide	quantum satis
E 296	Malic acid	quantum satis
E 300	Ascorbic acid	quantum satis
E 301	Sodium ascorbate	quantum satis
E 302	Calcium ascorbate	quantum satis
E 304	Fatty acid esters of ascorbic acid	quantum satis
E 306	Tocopherol-rich extract	quantum satis
E 307	Alpha-tocopherol	quantum satis
E 308	Gamma-tocopherol	quantum satis
E 309	Delta-tocopherol	quantum satis
E 322	Lecithins	quantum satis
E 325	Sodium lactate	quantum satis
E 326	Potassium lactate	quantum satis
E 327	Calcium lactate	quantum satis
E 330	Citric acid	quantum satis
E 331	Sodium citrates	quantum satis
E 332	Potassium citrates	quantum satis
E 333	Calcium citrates	quantum satis
—————
E 350	Sodium malates	quantum satis
E 351	Potassium malate	quantum satis
E 352	Calcium malates	quantum satis
—————
E 380	Triammonium citrate	quantum satis
E 400	Alginic acid	quantum satis (1)
E 401	Sodium alginate	quantum satis (1)
E 402	Potassium alginate	quantum satis (1)
E 403	Ammonium alginate	quantum satis (1)
E 404	Calcium alginate	quantum satis (1)
E 406	Agar	quantum satis (1)
E 407	Carrageenan	quantum satis (1)
E 407a	Processed euchema seaweed	quantum satis (1)
E 410	Locust bean gum	quantum satis (1) (2)
E 412	Guar gum	quantum satis (1) (2)
E 413	Tragacanth	quantum satis (1)
E 414	Gum arabic (Acacia gum)	quantum satis (1)
E 415	Xanthan gum	quantum satis (1) (2)
E 417	Tara gum	quantum satis (1) (2)
E 418	Gellan gum	quantum satis (1)
E 422	Glycerol	quantum satis
E 425	Konjac (i) Konjac gum (ii) Konjac glucomannane	10 g/kg, individually or in combination (1) (2) (3)
E 426	Soybean hemicellulose	quantum satis
E 440	Pectins	quantum satis (1)
E 460	Cellulose	quantum satis
E 461	Methyl cellulose	quantum satis
E 462	Ethyl cellulose	quantum satis
E 463	Hydroxypropyl cellulose	quantum satis
E 464	Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose	quantum satis
E 465	Ethyl methyl cellulose	quantum satis
E 466	Sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, Cellulose gum	quantum satis
E 469	Enzymatically hydrolysed carboxy methyl cellulose	quantum satis
E 470a	Sodium, potassium and calcium salts of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 470b	Magnesium salts of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 471	Mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 472a	Acetic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 472b	Lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 472c	Citric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 472d	Tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 472e	Mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 472f	Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters of mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids	quantum satis
E 500	Sodium carbonates	quantum satis
E 501	Potassium carbonates	quantum satis
E 503	Ammonium carbonates	quantum satis
E 504	Magnesium carbonates	quantum satis
E 507	Hydrochloric acid	quantum satis
E 508	Potassium chloride	quantum satis
E 509	Calcium chloride	quantum satis
E 511	Magnesium chloride	quantum satis
E 513	Sulphuric acid	quantum satis
E 514	Sodium sulphates	quantum satis
E 515	Potassium sulphates	quantum satis
E 516	Calcium sulphate	quantum satis
E 524	Sodium hydroxide	quantum satis
E 525	Potassium hydroxide	quantum satis
E 526	Calcium hydroxide	quantum satis
E 527	Ammonium hydroxide	quantum satis
E 528	Magnesium hydroxide	quantum satis
E 529	Calcium oxide	quantum satis
E 530	Magnesium oxide	quantum satis
E 570	Fatty acids	quantum satis
E 574	Gluconic acid	quantum satis
E 575	glucono-delta-lactone	quantum satis
E 576	Sodium gluconate	quantum satis
E 577	Potassium gluconate	quantum satis
E 578	Calcium gluconate	quantum satis
E 640	Glycine and its sodium salt	quantum satis
E 920	L-cysteine	quantum satis
E 938	Argon	quantum satis
E 939	Helium	quantum satis
E 941	Nitrogen	quantum satis
E 942	Nitrous oxide	quantum satis
E 948	Oxygen	quantum satis
E 949	Hydrogen	quantum satis
E 1103	Invertase	quantum satis
E 1200	Polydextrose	quantum satis
E 1404	Oxidised starch	quantum satis
E 1410	Monostarch phosphate	quantum satis
E 1412	Distarch phosphate	quantum satis
E 1413	Phosphated distarch phosphate	quantum satis
E 1414	Acetylated distarch phosphate	quantum satis
E 1420	Acetylated starch	quantum satis
E 1422	Acetylated distarch adipate	quantum satis
E 1440	Hydroxy propyl starch	quantum satis
E 1442	Hydroxy propyl distarch phosphate	quantum satis
E 1450	Starch sodium octenyl succinate	quantum satis
E 1451	Acetylated oxidised starch	quantum satis
E 620	Glutamic acid	10 g/kg, individually or in combination, expressed as glutamic acid
E 621	Monosodium glutamate
E 622	Monopotassium glutamate
E 623	Calcium diglutamate
E 624	Monoammonium glutamate
E 625	Magnesium diglutamate
E 626	Guanylic acid	500 mg/kg, individually or in combination, expressed as guanylic acid
E 627	Disodium guanylate
E 628	Dipotassium guanylate
E 629	Calcium guanylate
E 630	Inosinic acid
E 631	Disodium inosinate
E 632	Dipotassium inosinate
E 633	Calcium inosinate
E 634	Calcium 5′-ribonucleotides
E 635	Disodium 5′-ribonucleotides
E 420	Sorbitols	Quantum satis (for purpose other than sweetening)
E 421	Mannitol
E 953	Isomalt
E 965	Maltitols
E 966	Lactitol
E 967	Xylitol
E 968	Erythritol
(1) May not be used in jelly mini-cups. (2) May not be used to produce dehydrated foods intended to rehydrate on ingestion. (3) May not be used in jelly confectionery. (4) Period of application: From 6 February 2013.
E-number	Name
---	---
E 101	Riboflavins
E 140	Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins
E 141	Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins
E 150a	Plain caramel
E 150b	Caustic sulphite caramel
E 150c	Ammonia caramel
E 150d	Sulphite ammonia caramel
E 153	Vegetable carbon
E 160a	Carotenes
E 160c	Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin
E 162	Beetroot Red, betanin
E 163	Anthocyanins
E 170	calcium carbonate
—————
E 172	Iron oxides and hydroxides
E-number	Name
---	---
E 100	Curcumin
E 102	Tartrazine
—————
E 120	Carminic acid, Carmine
E 122	Azorubine, Carmoisine
—————
E 129	Allura red AC
E 131	Patent Blue V
E 132	Indigotine, Indigo carmine
E 133	Brilliant Blue FCF
E 142	Green S
E 151	Brilliant Black PN
E 155	Brown HT
E 160e	Beta-apo-8′-carotenal (C 30)
E 161b	Lutein
E-number	Name
---	---
E 420	Sorbitols
E 421	Mannitol
E 953	Isomalt
E 965	Maltitols
E 966	Lactitol
E 967	Xylitol
E 968	Erythritol

(a) E 200 – 202: Sorbic acid – potassium sorbate (SA)

E-number	Name
E 200	Sorbic acid
E 202	Potassium sorbate

(b) E 210–213: Benzoic acid — benzoates (BA)

E-number	Name
E 210	Benzoic acid
E 211	Sodium benzoate
E 212	Potassium benzoate
E 213	Calcium benzoate

(c) E 200–213: Sorbic acid — sorbates; Benzoic acid — benzoates (SA + BA)

E-number	Name
E 200	Sorbic acid
E 202	Potassium sorbate
—————
E 210	Benzoic acid
E 211	Sodium benzoate
E 212	Potassium benzoate
E 213	Calcium benzoate

(d) E 200–219: Sorbic acid — sorbates; Benzoic acid — benzoates; p-hydroxybenzoates (SA + BA + PHB)

E-number	Name
E 200	Sorbic acid
E 202	Potassium sorbate
—————
E 210	Benzoic acid
E 211	Sodium benzoate
E 212	Potassium benzoate
E 213	Calcium benzoate
E 214	Ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
E 215	Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 218	Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 219	Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate

(e) E 200 – 202; 214 – 219: Sorbic acid – potassium sorbate; p-hydroxybenzoates (SA + PHB)

E-number	Name
E 200	Sorbic acid
E 202	Potassium sorbate
E 214	Ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
E 215	Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 218	Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 219	Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate

(f) E 214–219: p-hydroxybenzoates (PHB)

E-number	Name
E 214	Ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate
E 215	Sodium ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 218	Methyl p-hydroxybenzoate
E 219	Sodium methyl p-hydroxybenzoate

(g) E 220–228: Sulphur dioxide — sulphites

E-number	Name
E 220	Sulphur dioxide
E 221	Sodium sulphite
E 222	Sodium hydrogen sulphite
E 223	Sodium metabisulphite
E 224	Potassium metabisulphite
E 226	Calcium sulphite
E 227	Calcium hydrogen sulphite
E 228	Potassium hydrogen sulphite

(h) E 249–250: Nitrites

E-number	Name
E 249	Potassium nitrite
E 250	Sodium nitrite

(i) E 251–252: Nitrates

E-number	Name
E 251	Sodium nitrate
E 252	Potassium nitrate

(j) E 280–283: Propionic acid — propionates

E-number	Name
E 280	Propionic acid
E 281	Sodium propionate
E 282	Calcium propionate
E 283	Potassium propionate

(k) E 310–320: Propyl gallate, TBHQ and BHA

E-number	Name
E 310	Propyl gallate
E 319	Tertiary-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ)
E 320	Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA)

(k.2)  E 334 – 337 and E 354: Tartaric acid – tartrates

E-number	Name
E 334	Tartaric acid (L(+)-)
E 335	Sodium tartrates
E 336	Potassium tartrates
E 337	Sodium potassium tartrate
E 354	Calcium tartrate

(l) E 338–341, E 343 and E 450 — 452: Phosphoric acid — phosphates — di-, tri- and polyphosphates

E-number	Name
E 338	Phosphoric acid
E 339	Sodium phosphates
E 340	Potassium phosphates
E 341	Calcium phosphates
E 343	Magnesium phosphates
E 450	Diphosphates (1)
E451	Triphosphates
E 452	Polyphosphates
(1) E 450 (ix) is not included

(m) E 355–357: Adipic acid — adipates

E-number	Name
E 355	Adipic acid
E 356	Sodium adipate
E 357	Potassium adipate

(n) E 432–436: Polysorbates

E-number	Name
E 432	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (polysorbate 20)
E 433	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate (polysorbate 80)
E 434	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monopalmitate (polysorbate 40)
E 435	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monostearate (polysorbate 60)
E 436	Polyoxyethylene sorbitan tristearate (polysorbate 65)

(o) E 473–474: Sucrose esters of fatty acids, Sucroglycerides

E-number	Name
E 473	Sucrose esters of fatty acids
E 474	Sucroglycerides

(p) E 481–482: Stearoyl-2-lactylates

E-number	Name
E 481	Sodium stearoyl-2-lactylate
E 482	Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate

(q) E 491–495: Sorbitan esters

E-number	Name
E 491	Sorbitan monostearate
E 492	Sorbitan tristearate
E 493	Sorbitan monolaurate
E 494	Sorbitan monooleate
E 495	Sorbitan monopalmitate

(r) E 520–523: Aluminium sulphates

E-number	Name
E 520	Aluminium sulphate
E 521	Aluminium sodium sulphate
E 522	Aluminium potassium sulphate
E 523	Aluminium ammonium sulphate

(s.1.) E 551 – 559: Silicon dioxide – silicates (⁷) E-number Name E 551 Silicon dioxide E 552 Calcium silicate E 553a Magnesium silicate E 553b Talc E 554 Sodium aluminium silicate E 555 Potassium aluminium silicate E 556 Calcium aluminium silicate E 559 Aluminium silicate (Kaolin)

(s.2.) E 551 – 553: Silicon dioxide – silicates (⁸) E-number Name E 551 Silicon dioxide E 552 Calcium silicate E 553a Magnesium silicate E 553b Talc

(t) E 620–625: Glutamic acid — glutamates

E-number	Name
E 620	Glutamic acid
E 621	Monosodium glutamate
E 622	Monopotassium glutamate
E 623	Calcium diglutamate
E 624	Monoammonium glutamate
E 625	Magnesium diglutamate

(u) E 626–635: Ribonucleotides

E-number	Name
E 626	Guanylic acid
E 627	Disodium guanylate
E 628	Dipotassium guanylate
E 629	Calcium guanylate
E 630	Inosinic acid
E 631	Disodium inosinate
E 632	Dipotassium inosinate
E 633	Calcium inosinate
E 634	Calcium 5′-ribonucleotides
E 635	Disodium 5′-ribonucleotides

(v) E 960a – 960d: Steviol glycosides

E-number	Name
E 960a	Steviol glycosides from stevia
E 960b	Steviol glycosides from fermentation
E 960c	Enzymatically produced steviol glycosides
E 960d	Glucosylated steviol glycosides

PART D

FOOD CATEGORIES