LegalizeDirective 2009/33/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles (Text with EEA relevance)
Article 1
Subject matter and objectives
This Directive requires Member States to ensure that contracting authorities and contracting entities take into account lifetime energy and environmental impacts, including energy consumption and emissions of CO2 and of certain pollutants, when procuring certain road transport vehicles with the objectives of promoting and stimulating the market for clean and energy-efficient vehicles and of improving the contribution of the transport sector to the environment, climate and energy policies of the Union.
Article 2
Exemptions
Member States may exempt from the requirements laid down in this Directive vehicles referred to in point (d) of Article 2(2) and in points (a) and (b) of Article 2(3) of Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0001]) and in points 5.2. to 5.5. and point 5.7. of Part A of Annex I to that Regulation.
Article 3
Scope
This Directive shall apply to procurement through:
- (a) contracts for the purchase, lease, rent or hire-purchase of road transport vehicles awarded by contracting authorities or contracting entities in so far as they are under an obligation to apply the procurement procedures set out in Directives 2014/24/EU ([^E0002]) and 2014/25/EU ([^E0003]) of the European Parliament and of the Council;
- (b) public service contracts within the meaning of Regulation (EC) No 1370/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0004]) having as their subject matter the provision of passenger road transport services in excess of a threshold which shall be defined by Member States not exceeding the applicable threshold value set in Article 5(4) of that Regulation;
- (c) service contracts set out in Table 1 of the Annex to this Directive in so far as the contracting authorities or contracting entities are under an obligation to apply the procurement procedures set out in Directives 2014/24/EU and 2014/25/EU.
This Directive shall only apply to such contracts for which the call for competition has been sent after 2 August 2021 or, in cases where a call for competition is not foreseen, where the contracting authority or contracting entity has commenced the procurement procedure after that date.
This Directive shall not apply to:
- (a) vehicles referred to in points (a), (b) and (c) of Article 2(2) and in point (c) of Article 2(3) of Regulation (EU) 2018/858;
- (b) vehicles of category M3 other than Class I and Class A vehicles as defined in points (2) and (3) of Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0005]).
Article 4
Definitions
For the purpose of this Directive:
- (1) ‘contracting authorities’ means contracting authorities as defined in point 1 of Article 2(1) of Directive 2014/24/EU and in Article 3 of Directive 2014/25/EU;
- (2) ‘contracting entities’ means contracting entities as defined in Article 4 of Directive 2014/25/EU;
- (3) ‘road transport vehicle’ means a vehicle of category M or N, as defined in points (a) and (b) of Article 4(1) of Regulation (EU) 2018/858;
- (4) ‘clean vehicle’ means:
- (a) a vehicle of category M1, M2 or N1 with a maximum tail-pipe emission expressed in CO2 g/km and real driving pollutant emissions below a percentage of the applicable emission limits as laid down in Table 2 of the Annex; or
- (b) a vehicle of category M3, N2 or N3 using alternative fuels as defined in points (1) and (2) of Article 2 of Directive 2014/94/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0006]), excluding fuels produced from high indirect land-use change-risk feed stock for which a significant expansion of the production area into land with high-carbon stock is observed in accordance with Article 26 of Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0007]). In the case of vehicles using liquid biofuels, synthetic and paraffinic fuels, those fuels shall not be blended with conventional fossil fuels;
- (5) ‘zero-emission heavy duty vehicle’ means a clean vehicle as defined in point 4(b) of this Article without an internal combustion engine, or with an internal combustion engine that emits less than 1 g CO2/kWh as measured in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0008]) and its implementing measures, or that emits less than 1 g CO2/km as measured in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0009]) and its implementing measures.
Article 5
Minimum procurement targets
Member States shall ensure that the procurement of vehicles and services referred to in Article 3 complies with the minimum procurement targets for clean light-duty vehicles set out in Table 3 of the Annex and for clean heavy-duty vehicles set out in Table 4 of the Annex. Those targets are expressed as minimum percentages of clean vehicles in the total number of road transport vehicles covered by the aggregate of all contracts referred to in Article 3, awarded between 2 August 2021 and 31 December 2025, for the first reference period, and between 1 January 2026 and 31 December 2030, for the second reference period.
For the purpose of calculating the minimum procurement targets, the date of the public procurement to be taken into account is the date of completion of the public procurement procedure, by way of awarding of the contract.
Vehicles that meet the definition of clean vehicle under point 4 of Article 4 or of zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle under point 5 of Article 4 as a result of retrofitting may be counted as clean vehicles or zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles, respectively, for the purpose of compliance with the minimum procurement targets.
In the case of contracts referred to in point (a) of Article 3(1), the number of road transport vehicles purchased, leased, rented or hire-purchased under each contract shall be taken into account for the purpose of assessing compliance with the minimum procurement targets.
In the case of contracts referred to in points (b) and (c) of Article 3(1), the number of road transport vehicles to be used for the provision of the services covered by each contract shall be taken into account for the purpose of assessing compliance with the minimum procurement targets.
Where new targets for the period after 1 January 2030 are not adopted, the targets set for the second reference period shall continue to apply, and shall be calculated in accordance with paragraphs 1 to 5, over subsequent five-year periods.
Member States may apply or authorise their contracting authorities or contracting entities to apply higher national targets or more stringent requirements than those referred to in the Annex.
Article 8
Exchange of knowledge and best practices
The Commission shall facilitate and structure the exchange of knowledge and best practices between Member States on practices for promoting procurement of clean and energy-efficient road transport vehicles by contracting authorities and contracting entities.
Article 9
Committee procedure
The Commission shall be assisted by the committee established by Article 9 of Directive 2014/94/EU.
That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0010]).
Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.
Where the opinion of the committee is to be obtained by written procedure, that procedure shall be terminated without result when, within the time limit for delivery of the opinion, the chair of the committee so decides or a simple majority of committee members so request.
Article 10
Reporting and review
By 2 August 2022 Member States shall inform the Commission of the measures taken to implement this Directive and of the Member States' intentions regarding future implementation activities, including the timing and possible effort-sharing between different levels of governance, as well as on any other information which the Member State considers relevant.
By 18 April 2026, and every five years thereafter, Member States shall submit a report on the implementation of this Directive to the Commission. Those reports shall contain information on the measures taken to implement this Directive, on future implementation activities, as well as any other information which the Member State considers relevant. Those reports shall also include the number and the categories of vehicles covered by the contracts referred to in Article 3(1) of this Directive, based on the data provided by the Commission in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article. The information shall be presented on the basis of the categories set out in Regulation (EC) No 2195/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0011]).
In order to assist the Member States in their reporting obligations, the Commission shall collate and publish the number and the categories of vehicles covered by the contracts referred to in points (a) and (c) of Article 3(1) of this Directive by extracting the relevant data from contract award notices published on the Tenders Electronic Daily (TED) database in accordance with Directives 2014/24/EU and 2014/25/EU.
By 18 April 2027, and every five years thereafter, the Commission shall submit a report to the European Parliament and to the Council on the implementation of this Directive, specifying the measures taken by Member States in this regard, following the reports referred to in paragraph 2.
By 31 December 2027, the Commission shall review the implementation of this Directive and, where appropriate, submit a legislative proposal for its amendment for the period after 2030, including for the setting of new targets and for the inclusion of other categories of vehicles, such as two- and three-wheeled vehicles.
The Commission shall adopt implementing acts in accordance with Article 9(2) setting out the format of the reports referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article and their transmission arrangements.
Article 11
Transposition
Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 4 December 2010. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.
When Member States adopt these measures, they shall contain a reference to this Directive, or be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such reference shall be laid down by Member States.
Member States shall communicate to the Commission the text of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field covered by this Directive.
Article 12
Entry into force
This Directive shall enter into force on the 20th day following its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
Article 13
Addressees
This Directive is addressed to the Member States.
ANNEX
INFORMATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF MINIMUM PROCUREMENT TARGETS FOR CLEAN ROAD TRANSPORT VEHICLES IN SUPPORT OF LOW-EMISSION MOBILITY IN MEMBER STATES
Table 1: Common Procurement Vocabulary (CPV) codes for services referred to in point (c) of Article 3(1)
| CPV Code | Description |
|---|---|
| 60112000-6 | Public road transport services |
| 60130000-8 | Special-purpose road passenger-transport services |
| 60140000-1 | Non-scheduled passenger transport |
| 90511000-2 | Refuse collection services |
| 60160000-7 | Mail transport by road |
| 60161000-4 | Parcel transport services |
| 64121100-1 | Mail delivery services |
| 64121200-2 | Parcel delivery services |
Table 2: Emission thresholds for clean light-duty vehicles
| Vehicle categories | Until 31 December 2025 | Until 31 December 2025 | From 1 January 2026 | From 1 January 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 g/km | RDE air pollutant emissions [^E0012] as a percentage of emission limits [^E0013] | CO2 g/km | RDE air pollutant emissions [^E0012] as a percentage of emission limits [^E0013] | |
| M1 | 50 | 80 % | 0 | n.a. |
| M2 | 50 | 80 % | 0 | n.a. |
| N1 | 50 | 80 % | 0 | n.a. |
Declared maximum real-driving emission (RDE) values of particles number (PN) in #/km and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in mg/km as reported in point 48.2 of the certificate of conformity, as described in Annex IX to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (*) for both complete and urban RDE trips.
The applicable emission limits laid down in Annex I to Regulation (EC) No 715/2007, or its successors.
- (*)Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 September 2007 establishing a framework for the approval of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles (Framework Directive) (OJ L 263, 9.10.2007, p. 1).
Table 3: Minimum procurement targets for the share of clean light-duty vehicles in accordance with Table 2 in the total number of light-duty vehicles covered by contracts referred to in Article 3 at Member State level
| Member State | From 2 August 2021 to 31 December 2025 | From 1 January 2026 to 31 December 2030 |
|---|---|---|
| Luxembourg | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Sweden | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Denmark | 37,4 % | 37,4 % |
| Finland | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Germany | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| France | 37,4 % | 37,4 % |
| United Kingdom | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Netherlands | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Austria | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Belgium | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Italy | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Ireland | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Spain | 36,3 % | 36,3 % |
| Cyprus | 31,9 % | 31,9 % |
| Malta | 38,5 % | 38,5 % |
| Portugal | 29,7 % | 29,7 % |
| Greece | 25,3 % | 25,3 % |
| Slovenia | 22 % | 22 % |
| Czechia | 29,7 % | 29,7 % |
| Estonia | 23,1 % | 23,1 % |
| Slovakia | 22 % | 22 % |
| Lithuania | 20,9 % | 20,9 % |
| Poland | 22 % | 22 % |
| Croatia | 18,7 % | 18,7 % |
| Hungary | 23,1 % | 23,1 % |
| Latvia | 22 % | 22 % |
| Romania | 18,7 % | 18,7 % |
| Bulgaria | 17,6 % | 17,6 % |
Table 4: Minimum procurement targets for the share of clean heavy-duty vehicles in the total number of heavy-duty vehicles covered by contracts referred to in Article 3 at Member State level (*)
| Member State | Trucks (vehicle category N2 and N3) | Trucks (vehicle category N2 and N3) | Buses (vehicle category M3) [^E0014] | Buses (vehicle category M3) [^E0014] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| From 2 August 2021 to 31 December 2025 | From 1 January 2026 to 31 December 2030 | From 2 August 2021 to 31 December 2025 | From 1 January 2026 to 31 December 2030 | |
| Luxembourg | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Sweden | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Denmark | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Finland | 9 % | 15 % | 41 % | 59 % |
| Germany | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| France | 10 % | 15 % | 43 % | 61 % |
| United Kingdom | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Netherlands | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Austria | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Belgium | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Italy | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Ireland | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Spain | 10 % | 14 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Cyprus | 10 % | 13 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Malta | 10 % | 15 % | 45 % | 65 % |
| Portugal | 8 % | 12 % | 35 % | 51 % |
| Greece | 8 % | 10 % | 33 % | 47 % |
| Slovenia | 7 % | 9 % | 28 % | 40 % |
| Czechia | 9 % | 11 % | 41 % | 60 % |
| Estonia | 7 % | 9 % | 31 % | 43 % |
| Slovakia | 8 % | 9 % | 34 % | 48 % |
| Lithuania | 8 % | 9 % | 42 % | 60 % |
| Poland | 7 % | 9 % | 32 % | 46 % |
| Croatia | 6 % | 7 % | 27 % | 38 % |
| Hungary | 8 % | 9 % | 37 % | 53 % |
| Latvia | 8 % | 9 % | 35 % | 50 % |
| Romania | 6 % | 7 % | 24 % | 33 % |
| Bulgaria | 7 % | 8 % | 34 % | 48 % |
Half of the minimum target for the share of clean buses has to be fulfilled by procuring zero-emission buses as defined in point 5 of Article 4. This requirement is lowered to one quarter of the minimum target for the first reference period if more than 80 % of the buses covered by the aggregate of all contracts referred to in Article 3, awarded during that period in a Member State, are double-decker buses.
[^E0001]: Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on the approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, amending Regulations (EC) No 715/2007 and (EC) No 595/2009 and repealing Directive 2007/46/EC (OJ L 151, 14.6.2018, p. 1).
[^E0002]: Directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement and repealing Directive 2004/18/EC (OJ L 94, 28.3.2014, p. 65).
[^E0003]: Directive 2014/25/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on procurement by entities operating in the water, energy, transport and postal services sectors and repealing Directive 2004/17/EC (OJ L 94, 28.3.2014, p. 243).
[^E0004]: Regulation (EC) No 1370/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2007 on public passenger transport services by rail and by road and repealing Council Regulations (EEC) Nos 1191/69 and 1107/70 (OJ L 315, 3.12.2007, p. 1).
[^E0005]: Regulation (EC) No 661/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 July 2009 concerning type-approval requirements for the general safety of motor vehicles, their trailers and systems, components and separate technical units intended therefor (OJ L 200, 31.7.2009, p. 1).
[^E0006]: Directive 2014/94/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure (OJ L 307, 28.10.2014, p. 1).
[^E0007]: Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (OJ L 328, 21.12.2018, p. 82).
[^E0008]: Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on type-approval of motor vehicles and engines with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and Directive 2007/46/EC and repealing Directives 80/1269/EEC, 2005/55/EC and 2005/78/EC (OJ L 188, 18.7.2009, p. 1).
[^E0009]: Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2007 on type approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information (OJ L 171, 29.6.2007, p. 1).
[^E0010]: Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 2011 laying down the rules and general principles concerning mechanisms for control by Member States of the Commission's exercise of implementing powers (OJ L 55, 28.2.2011, p. 13).
[^E0011]: Regulation (EC) No 2195/2002 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 November 2002on the Common Procurement Vocabulary (CPV) (OJ L 340, 16.12.2002, p. 1).
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