Commission Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 of 3 November 2011 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to civil aviation aircrew pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council Text with EEA relevance

• (e) 5 hours flight time in airships shall be completed at night comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include take-off and landing;

• (f) 10 hours of instrument dual instruction time, including at least 5 hours in an airship.

SKILL TEST

• 9.Upon completion of the related flying training, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test.

N. CPL modular course — Airships

GENERAL

• 1.The aim of the CPL(As) modular course is to train PPL(As) holders to the level of proficiency necessary for the issue of a CPL(As).

• 2.Before commencing a CPL(As) modular course an applicant shall:

• (a) hold a PPL(As) issued in accordance with Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention;

• (b) have completed 200 hours flight time as a pilot on airships, including 100 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours shall be cross-country.

• 3.An applicant wishing to undertake a modular CPL(As) course shall complete all the flight instructional stages in one continuous course of training as arranged by an ATO. The theoretical knowledge instruction may be given at an ATO that conducts theoretical knowledge instruction only.

• 4.The course shall comprise:

• (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to CPL(As) knowledge level; and

• (b) visual and instrument flying training.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

• 5.An approved CPL(As) theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 250 hours of instruction.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE EXAMINATION

• 6.An applicant shall demonstrate a level of knowledge appropriate to the privileges granted to the holder of a CPL(As).

FLYING TRAINING

• 7.Applicants without an IR shall be given at least 20 hours dual flight instruction, of which:

10 hours visual instruction, which may include 5 hours in an airship FFS or FTD 2,3 or FNPT II, III; and

10 hours instrument instruction, which may include 5 hours in at least an airship FTD 1 or FNPT I or aeroplane.

• 8.Applicants holding a valid IR(As) shall be fully credited towards the dual instrument instruction time. Applicants holding a valid IR in another category of aircraft shall complete at least 5 hours of the dual instrument instruction time in an airship.

• 9.Applicants without a night rating airship shall be given additionally at least 5 hours night flight instruction comprising 3 hours of dual instruction including at least 1 hour of cross-country navigation and 5 solo night circuits. Each circuit shall include a take-off and a landing.

EXPERIENCE

• 10.The applicant for a CPL(As) shall have completed at least 250 hours flight time in airships, including 125 hours as PIC, of which 50 hours of cross-country flight as PIC, including a VFR cross-country flight of at least 90 km (50 NM), in the course of which a full stop landing at destination aerodrome.

• Hours as PIC of other categories of aircraft may count towards the 185 hours flight time, in the following cases:

• (a) 30 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a PPL(A) or PPL(H) respectively; or

• (b) 60 hours in aeroplanes or helicopters, if the applicant holds a CPL(A) or CPL(H) respectively; or

• (c) 10 hours in TMGs or sailplanes; or

• (d) 10 hours in balloons.

SKILL TEST

• 11.Upon completion of the related flying training and relevant experience, the applicant shall take the CPL(As) skill test.

Appendix 4

Skill test for the issue of a CPL

A. General

• 1.An applicant for a skill test for the CPL shall have received instruction on the same class or type of aircraft to be used in the test.

• 2.An applicant shall pass all the relevant sections of the skill test. If any item in a section is failed, that section is failed. Failure in more than one section will require the applicant to take the entire test again. An applicant failing only in one section shall only repeat the failed section. Failure in any section of the retest, including those sections that have been passed on a previous attempt, will require the applicant to take the entire test again. All relevant sections of the skill test shall be completed within 6 months. Failure to achieve a pass in all relevant sections of the test in two attempts will require further training.

• 3.Further training may be required following any failed skill test. There is no limit to the number of skill tests that may be attempted.

CONDUCT OF THE TEST

• 4.Should the applicant choose to terminate a skill test for reasons considered inadequate by the Flight Examiner (FE), the applicant shall retake the entire skill test. If the test is terminated for reasons considered adequate by the FE, only those sections not completed shall be tested in a further flight.

• 5.At the discretion of the FE, any manoeuvre or procedure of the test may be repeated once by the applicant. The FE may stop the test at any stage if it is considered that the applicant’s demonstration of flying skills requires a complete re-test.

• 6.An applicant shall be required to fly the aircraft from a position where the PIC functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if no other crew member is present. Responsibility for the flight shall be allocated in accordance with national regulations.

• 7.An applicant shall indicate to the FE the checks and duties carried out, including the identification of radio facilities. Checks shall be completed in accordance with the checklist for the aircraft on which the test is being taken. During pre-flight preparation for the test, the applicant is required to determine power settings and speeds. Performance data for take-off, approach and landing shall be calculated by the applicant in compliance with the operations manual or flight manual for the aircraft used.

• 8.The FE shall take no part in the operation of the aircraft except where intervention is necessary in the interests of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic.

B. Content of the skill test for the issue of a CPL — Aeroplanes

• 1.The aeroplane used for the skill test shall meet the requirements for training aeroplanes, and shall be certificated for the carriage of at least four persons, have a variable pitch propeller and retractable landing gear.

• 2.The route to be flown shall be chosen by the FE and the destination shall be a controlled aerodrome. The applicant shall be responsible for the flight planning and shall ensure that all equipment and documentation for the execution of the flight are on board. The duration of the flight shall be at least 90 minutes.

• 3.The applicant shall demonstrate the ability to:

• (a) operate the aeroplane within its limitations;

• (b) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy;

• (c) exercise good judgement and airmanship;

• (d) apply aeronautical knowledge; and

• (e) maintain control of the aeroplane at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.

FLIGHT TEST TOLERANCES

• 4.The following limits shall apply, corrected to make allowance for turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aeroplane used.

Height

• normal flight ± 100 feet

• with simulated engine failure ± 150 feet

• Tracking on radio aids ± 5°

Heading

• normal flight ± 10°

• with simulated engine failure ± 15°

Speed

• take-off and approach ± 5 knots

• all other flight regimes ± 10 knots

CONTENT OF THE TEST

• 1. Items in Section 2(c) and (e)(iv), Section 3(g), and the whole of Sections 5 and 6 may be performed in an FNPT II or an FFS. The examiner may decide not to perform items in Section 6(d).

• Use of the aeroplane checklists, airmanship, control of the aeroplane by external visual reference, anti-icing/de-icing procedures and principles of threat and error management apply in all sections.

SECTION 1 —  PRE-FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND DEPARTURE	SECTION 1 —  PRE-FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND DEPARTURE
a	Pre-flight, including: Flight planning, Documentation, Mass and balance determination, Weather brief, NOTAMS
b	Aeroplane inspection and servicing
c	Taxiing and take-off
d	Performance considerations and trim
e	Aerodrome and traffic pattern operations
f	Departure procedure, altimeter setting, collision avoidance (lookout)
g	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 2 —  GENERAL AIRWORK	SECTION 2 —  GENERAL AIRWORK
a	Control of the aeroplane by external visual reference, including straight and level, climb, descent, lookout
b	Flight at critically low airspeeds including recognition of and recovery from incipient and full stalls
c	Turns, including turns in landing configuration. Steep turns 45°
d	Flight at critically high airspeeds, including recognition of and recovery from spiral dives
e	Flight by reference solely to instruments, including: (i) level flight, cruise configuration, control of heading, altitude and airspeed (ii) climbing and descending turns with 10°-30° bank (iii) recoveries from unusual attitudes (iv) limited panel instruments
f	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 3 —  EN-ROUTE PROCEDURES	SECTION 3 —  EN-ROUTE PROCEDURES
a	Control of aeroplane by external visual reference, including cruise configuration Range/Endurance considerations
b	Orientation, map reading
c	Altitude, speed, heading control, lookout
d	Altimeter setting. ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
e	Monitoring of flight progress, flight log, fuel usage, assessment of track error and re-establishment of correct tracking
f	Observation of weather conditions, assessment of trends, diversion planning
g	Tracking, positioning (NDB, VOR, or track between waypoints), identification of facilities (instrument flight).
h	Implementation of diversion plan to alternate aerodrome (visual flight)
SECTION 4 —  APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES	SECTION 4 —  APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES
a	Arrival procedures, altimeter setting, checks, lookout
b	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
c	Go-around action from low height
d	Normal landing, crosswind landing (if suitable conditions)
e	Short field landing
f	Approach and landing with idle power (single-engine only)
g	Landing without use of flaps
h	Post-flight actions
SECTION 5 —  ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES	SECTION 5 —  ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
This section may be combined with sections 1 through 4	This section may be combined with sections 1 through 4
a	Simulated engine failure after take-off (at a safe altitude), fire drill
b	Equipment malfunctions including alternative landing gear extension, electrical and brake failure
c	Forced landing (simulated)
d	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
e	Oral questions
SECTION 6 —  SIMULATED ASYMMETRIC FLIGHT AND RELEVANT CLASS OR TYPE ITEMS	SECTION 6 —  SIMULATED ASYMMETRIC FLIGHT AND RELEVANT CLASS OR TYPE ITEMS
This section may be combined with sections 1 through 5	This section may be combined with sections 1 through 5
a	Simulated engine failure during take-off (at a safe altitude unless carried out in an FFS)
b	Asymmetric approach and go-around
c	Asymmetric approach and full stop landing
d	Engine shut-down and restart (if selected by the examiner)
e	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures, Airmanship
f	As determined by the FE — any relevant items of the class or type rating skill test to include, if applicable: (i) aeroplane systems including handling of autopilot (ii) operation of pressurisation system (iii) use of de-icing and anti-icing system
g	Oral questions

C. Content of the skill test for the issue of the CPL — Helicopters

• 1.The helicopter used for the skill test shall meet the requirements for training helicopters.

• 2.The area and route to be flown shall be chosen by the FE and all low level and hover work shall be at an approved aerodrome/site. Routes used for section 3 may end at the aerodrome of departure or at another aerodrome and one destination shall be a controlled aerodrome. The skill test may be conducted in 2 flights. The total duration of the flight(s) shall be at least 90 minutes.

• 3.The applicant shall demonstrate the ability to:

• (a) operate the helicopter within its limitations;

• (b) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy;

• (c) exercise good judgement and airmanship;

• (d) apply aeronautical knowledge; and

• (e) maintain control of the helicopter at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.

FLIGHT TEST TOLERANCES

• 4.The following limits shall apply, corrected to make allowance for turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the helicopter used.

Height

• normal flight ± 100 feet

• simulated major emergency ± 150 feet

• Tracking on radio aids ± 10°

Heading

• normal flight ± 10°

• simulated major emergency ± 15°

Speed

• take-off and approach multi-engine ± 5 knots

• all other flight regimes ± 10 knots

Ground drift

• T.O. hover I.G.E. ± 3 feet

landing no sideways or backwards movement

CONTENT OF THE TEST

• 5.Items in section 4 may be performed in a helicopter FNPT or a helicopter FFS. Use of helicopter checklists, airmanship, control of helicopter by external visual reference, anti-icing procedures, and principles of threat and error management apply in all sections.

SECTION 1 —  PRE-FLIGHT/POST-FLIGHT CHECKS AND PROCEDURES	SECTION 1 —  PRE-FLIGHT/POST-FLIGHT CHECKS AND PROCEDURES
a	Helicopter knowledge (e.g. technical log, fuel, mass and balance, performance), flight planning, documentation, NOTAMS, weather
b	Pre-flight inspection/action, location of parts and purpose
c	Cockpit inspection, starting procedure
d	Communication and navigation equipment checks, selecting and setting frequencies
e	Pre-take-off procedure, R/T procedure, ATC liaison-compliance
f	Parking, shutdown and post-flight procedure
SECTION 2 —  HOVER MANOEUVRES, ADVANCED HANDLING AND CONFINED AREAS	SECTION 2 —  HOVER MANOEUVRES, ADVANCED HANDLING AND CONFINED AREAS
a	Take-off and landing (lift-off and touchdown)
b	Taxi, hover taxi
c	Stationary hover with head/cross/tail wind
d	Stationary hover turns, 360° left and right (spot turns)
e	Forward, sideways and backwards hover manoeuvring
f	Simulated engine failure from the hover
g	Quick stops into and downwind
h	Sloping ground/unprepared sites landings and take-offs
i	Take-offs (various profiles)
j	Crosswind, downwind take-off (if practicable)
k	Take-off at maximum take-off mass (actual or simulated)
l	Approaches (various profiles)
m	Limited power take-off and landing
n	Autorotations (FE to select two items from — Basic, range, low speed, and 360° turns)
o	Autorotative landing
p	Practice forced landing with power recovery
q	Power checks, reconnaissance technique, approach and departure technique
SECTION 3 —  NAVIGATION — EN-ROUTE PROCEDURES	SECTION 3 —  NAVIGATION — EN-ROUTE PROCEDURES
a	Navigation and orientation at various altitudes/heights, map reading
b	Altitude/height, speed, heading control, observation of airspace, altimeter setting
c	Monitoring of flight progress, flight log, fuel usage, endurance, ETA, assessment of track error and re-establishment of correct track, instrument monitoring
d	Observation of weather conditions, diversion planning
e	Tracking, positioning (NDB and/or VOR), identification of facilities
f	ATC liaison and observance of regulations, etc.
SECTION 4 —  FLIGHT PROCEDURES AND MANOEUVRES BY SOLE REFERENCE TO INSTRUMENTS	SECTION 4 —  FLIGHT PROCEDURES AND MANOEUVRES BY SOLE REFERENCE TO INSTRUMENTS
a	Level flight, control of heading, altitude/height and speed
b	Rate 1 level turns onto specified headings, 180° to 360° left and right
c	Climbing and descending, including turns at rate 1 onto specified headings
d	Recovery from unusual attitudes
e	Turns with 30° bank, turning up to 90° left and right
SECTION 5 —  ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (SIMULATED WHERE APPROPRIATE)	SECTION 5 —  ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES (SIMULATED WHERE APPROPRIATE)
Note 1:  Where the test is conducted on a multi-engine helicopter a simulated engine failure drill, including a single-engine approach and landing, shall be included in the test.	Note 1:  Where the test is conducted on a multi-engine helicopter a simulated engine failure drill, including a single-engine approach and landing, shall be included in the test.
Note 2:  The FE shall select four items from the following:	Note 2:  The FE shall select four items from the following:
a	Engine malfunctions, including governor failure, carburettor/engine icing, oil system, as appropriate
b	Fuel system malfunction
c	Electrical system malfunction
d	Hydraulic system malfunction, including approach and landing without hydraulics, as applicable
e	Main rotor and/or anti-torque system malfunction (FFS or discussion only)
f	Fire drills, including smoke control and removal, as applicable
g	Other abnormal and emergency procedures as outlined in appropriate flight manual, including for multi-engine helicopters: Simulated engine failure at take-off: rejected take-off at or before TDP or safe forced landing at or before DPATO, shortly after TDP or DPATO. Landing with simulated engine failure: landing or go-around following engine failure before LDP or DPBL, following engine failure after LDP or safe forced landing after DPBL.

D. Content of the skill test for the issue of a CPL — Airships

• 1.The airship used for the skill test shall meet the requirements for training airships.

• 2.The area and route to be flown shall be chosen by the FE. Routes used for section 3 may end at the aerodrome of departure or at another aerodrome and one destination shall be a controlled aerodrome. The skill test may be conducted in 2 flights. The total duration of the flight(s) shall be at least 60 minutes.

• 3.The applicant shall demonstrate the ability to:

• (a) operate the airship within its limitations;

• (b) complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy;

• (c) exercise good judgement and airmanship;

• (d) apply aeronautical knowledge; and

• (e) maintain control of the airship at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.

FLIGHT TEST TOLERANCES

• 4.The following limits shall apply, corrected to make allowance for turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the airship used.

Height

• normal flight ± 100 feet

• simulated major emergency ± 150 feet

• Tracking on radio aids ± 10°

Heading

• normal flight ± 10°

• simulated major emergency ± 15°

CONTENT OF THE TEST

• 5.Items in sections 5 and 6 may be performed in an Airship FNPT or an airship FFS. Use of airship checklists, airmanship, control of airship by external visual reference, anti-icing procedures, and principles of threat and error management apply in all sections.

SECTION 1 —  PRE-FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND DEPARTURE	SECTION 1 —  PRE-FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND DEPARTURE
a	Pre-flight, including: Flight planning, Documentation, Mass and Balance determination, Weather brief, NOTAMS
b	Airship inspection and servicing
c	Off-mast procedure, ground manoeuvring and take-off
d	Performance considerations and trim
e	Aerodrome and traffic pattern operations
f	Departure procedure, altimeter setting, collision avoidance (lookout)
g	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 2 —  GENERAL AIRWORK	SECTION 2 —  GENERAL AIRWORK
a	Control of the airship by external visual reference, including straight and level, climb, descent, lookout
b	Flight at pressure height
c	Turns
d	Steep descents and climbs
e	Flight by reference solely to instruments, including: (i) level flight, control of heading, altitude and airspeed (ii) climbing and descending turns (iii) recoveries from unusual attitudes (iv) limited panel instruments
f	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 3 —  EN-ROUTE PROCEDURES	SECTION 3 —  EN-ROUTE PROCEDURES
a	Control of airship by external visual reference, Range/Endurance considerations
b	Orientation, map reading
c	Altitude, speed, heading control, lookout
d	Altimeter setting, ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
e	Monitoring of flight progress, flight log, fuel usage, assessment of track error and re-establishment of correct tracking
f	Observation of weather conditions, assessment of trends, diversion planning
g	Tracking, positioning (NDB or VOR), identification of facilities (instrument flight). Implementation of diversion plan to alternate aerodrome (visual flight)
SECTION 4 —  APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES	SECTION 4 —  APPROACH AND LANDING PROCEDURES
a	Arrival procedures, altimeter setting, checks, lookout
b	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
c	Go-around action from low height
d	Normal landing
e	Short field landing
f	Approach and landing with idle power (single-engine only)
g	Landing without use of flaps
h	Post-flight actions
SECTION 5 —  ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES	SECTION 5 —  ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
This section may be combined with sections 1 through 4	This section may be combined with sections 1 through 4
a	Simulated engine failure after take-off (at a safe altitude), fire drill
b	Equipment malfunctions
c	Forced landing (simulated)
d	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
e	Oral questions
SECTION 6 —  RELEVANT CLASS OR TYPE ITEMS	SECTION 6 —  RELEVANT CLASS OR TYPE ITEMS
This section may be combined with sections 1 through 5	This section may be combined with sections 1 through 5
a	Simulated engine failure during take-off (at a safe altitude unless carried out in an FFS)
b	Approach and go-around with failed engine(s)
c	Approach and full stop landing with failed engine(s)
d	Malfunctions in the envelope pressure system
e	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures, Airmanship
f	As determined by the FE — any relevant items of the class or type rating skill test to include, if applicable: (i) airship systems (ii) operation of envelope pressure system
g	Oral questions

Appendix 5

Integrated MPL training course

GENERAL

• 1.The aim of the MPL integrated course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to enable them to operate as co-pilot of a multi-engine multi-pilot turbine-powered air transport aeroplane under VFR and IFR and to obtain an MPL.

• 2.Approval for an MPL training course shall only be given to an ATO that is part of a commercial air transport operator certificated in accordance with Part-ORO or having a specific arrangement with such an operator.

• 3.An applicant wishing to undertake an MPL integrated course shall complete all the instructional stages in one continuous course of training at an ATO. The training shall be competency based and conducted in a multi-crew operational environment.

• 4.Only ab-initio applicants shall be admitted to the course.

• 5.The course shall comprise:

• (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the ATPL(A) knowledge level;

• (b) visual and instrument flying training;

• (c) training in MCC for the operation of multi-pilot aeroplanes; and

• (d) type rating training.

• 6.An applicant failing or unable to complete the entire MPL course may apply to the competent authority for the theoretical knowledge examination and skill test for a licence with lower privileges and an IR, if the applicable requirements are met.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

• 7.An approved MPL theoretical knowledge course shall comprise at least 750 hours of instruction for the ATPL(A) knowledge level, as well as the hours required for:

• (a) theoretical knowledge instruction for the relevant type rating, in accordance with Subpart H; and

• (b) UPRT theoretical knowledge instruction in accordance with FCL.745.A.

FLYING TRAINING

• 8.The flying training shall comprise a total of at least 240 hours, composed of hours as PF and PM, in actual and simulated flight, and covering the following four phases of training:

(a) Phase 1 — Core flying skills

Specific basic single-pilot training in an aeroplane

(b) Phase 2 — Basic

Introduction of multi-crew operations and instrument flight

(c) Phase 3 — Intermediate

Application of multi-crew operations to a multi-engine turbine aeroplane certified as a high-performance aeroplane in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012

(d) Phase 4 — Advanced

Type rating training within an airline-oriented environment.

• MCC requirements shall be incorporated into the relevant phases above.

• Training in asymmetric flight shall be given either in an aeroplane or an FFS.

• 8a.Flight experience in actual flight shall include:

• (a) all the experience requirements of Subpart H;

• (b) UPRT flight instruction in accordance with FCL.745.A;

• (c) aeroplane UPRT exercises related to the specificities of the relevant type in accordance with FCL.725.A(c);

• (d) night flying;

• (e) flight solely by reference to instruments; and

• (f) the experience required to achieve the relevant airmanship.

• 9.Each phase of training in the flight instruction syllabus shall be composed of both instruction in the underpinning knowledge and in practical training segments.

• 10.The training course shall include a continuous evaluation process of the training syllabus and a continuous assessment of the students following the syllabus. Evaluation shall ensure that:

• (a) the competencies and related assessment are relevant to the task of a co-pilot of a multi-pilot aeroplane; and

• (b) the students acquire the necessary competencies in a progressive and satisfactory manner.

• 11.The training course shall include at least 12 take-offs and landings to ensure competency. Those take-offs and landings may be reduced to at least six, provided that prior to delivering the training, the ATO and the operator ensure that:

• (a) a procedure is in place to assess the required level of competency of the student pilot; and

• (b) a process is in place to ensure that corrective action is taken if in-training evaluation indicates the need to do so.

• Those take-offs and landings shall be performed under the supervision of an instructor in an aeroplane for which the type rating shall be issued.

ASSESSMENT LEVEL

• 12.The applicant for the MPL shall have demonstrated performance in all 9 competency units specified in paragraph 13 below, at the advanced level of competency required to operate and interact as a co-pilot in a turbine-powered multi-pilot aeroplane, under visual and instrument conditions. Assessment shall confirm that control of the aeroplane or situation is maintained at all times, to ensure the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre. The applicant shall consistently demonstrate the knowledge, skills and attitudes required for the safe operation of the applicable aeroplane type, in accordance with the MPL performance criteria.

COMPETENCY UNITS

• 13.The applicant shall demonstrate competency in the following 9 competency units:

• (1) apply human performance principles, including principles of threat and error management;

• (2) perform aeroplane ground operations;

• (3) perform take-off;

• (4) perform climb;

• (5) perform cruise;

• (6) perform descent;

• (7) perform approach;

• (8) perform landing; and

• (9) perform after landing and aeroplane post-flight operations.

SIMULATED FLIGHT

• 14.Minimum requirements for FSTDs:

• (a) Phase 1 — Core flying skills E-training and part tasking devices approved by the competent authority that have the following characteristics:
• — involve accessories beyond those normally associated with desktop computers, such as functional replicas of a throttle quadrant, a side-stick controller, or an FMS keypad, and
• — involve psychomotor activity with appropriate application of force and timing of responses.

• (b) Phase 2 — Basic An FNPT II MCC that represents a generic multi-engine turbine-powered aeroplane.

• (c) Phase 3 — Intermediate An FSTD that represents a multi-engine turbine-powered aeroplane required to be operated with a co-pilot and qualified to an equivalent standard to level B, additionally including:
• — a daylight/twilight/night visual system continuous cross-cockpit minimum collimated visual field of view providing each pilot with 180° horizontal and 40° vertical field of view, and
• — ATC environment simulation.

• (d) Phase 4 — Advanced An FFS which is fully equivalent to level D or level C with an enhanced daylight visual system, including ATC environment simulation.

Appendix 6

Modular training courses for the IR

A. IR(A) — Modular flying training course

GENERAL

• 1.The aim of the IR(A) modular flying training course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate aeroplanes under IFR and in IMC. The course consists of two modules, which may be taken separately or combined:

• (a) Basic Instrument Flight Module This comprises 10 hours of instrument time under instruction, of which up to 5 hours can be instrument ground time in a BITD, FNPT I or II, or an FFS. Upon completion of the Basic Instrument Flight Module, the candidate shall be issued a Course Completion Certificate.

• (b) Procedural Instrument Flight Module This comprises the remainder of the training syllabus for the IR(A), 40 hours single-engine or 45 hours multi-engine instrument time under instruction, and the theoretical knowledge course for the IR(A).

• 2.Applicants for a modular IR(A) course shall be the holder of a PPL(A) or a CPL(A). Applicants for the Procedural Instrument Flight Module, who do not hold a CPL(A), shall be a holder of a BIR or of a Course Completion Certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module.

• The ATO shall ensure that the applicant for a multi-engine IR(A) course who has not held a multi-engine aeroplane class or type rating has received the multi-engine training specified in Subpart H prior to commencing the flight training for the IR(A) course.

• 3.An applicant wishing to undertake the Procedural Instrument Flight Module of a modular IR(A) course shall be required to complete all the instructional stages in one continuous approved course of training. Prior to commencing the Procedural Instrument Flight Module, the ATO shall ensure the competence of the applicant in basic instrument flying skills. Refresher training shall be given as required.

• 4.The course of theoretical instruction shall be completed within 18 months. The Procedural Instrument Flight Module and the skill test shall be completed within the period of validity of the pass in theoretical examinations.

• 5.The course shall comprise:

• (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the IR knowledge level;

• (b) instrument flight instruction.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

• 6.An approved modular IR(A) course shall comprise at least 150 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction.

FLYING TRAINING

• 7.A single-engine IR(A) course shall comprise at least 50 hours instrument time under instruction of which up to 20 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or up to 35 hours in an FFS or FNPT II. A maximum of 10 hours of FNPT II or an FFS instrument ground time may be conducted in an FNPT I.

• 8.A multi-engine IR(A) course shall comprise at least 55 hours instrument time under instruction, of which up to 25 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or up to 40 hours in an FFS or FNPT II. A maximum of 10 hours of FNPT II or an FFS instrument ground time may be conducted in an FNPT I. The remaining instrument flight instruction shall include at least 15 hours in multi-engine aeroplanes.

• 9.The holder of a single-engine IR(A) who also holds a multi-engine class or type rating wishing to obtain a multi-engine IR(A) for the first time shall complete a course at an ATO comprising at least 5 hours instruction in instrument flying in multi-engine aeroplanes, of which 3 hours may be in an FFS or FNPT II.

• 10.1.Holders of a CPL(A), of a BIR, or of a Course Completion Certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module shall be credited with up to 10 hours in regard of the total amount of training required in paragraphs 7 or 8 above.

• 10.2.The holder of an IR(H) may have the total amount of training required in paragraphs 7 or 8 above reduced to 10 hours.

• 10.3.The total instrument flight instruction in aeroplane shall comply with paragraph 7 or 8, as appropriate.

• 11.The flying exercises up to the IR(A) skill test shall comprise:

• (a) Basic Instrument Flight Module: Procedure and manoeuvre for basic instrument flight covering at least: basic instrument flight without external visual cues: — horizontal flight, — climbing, — descent, — turns in level flight, climbing, descent; instrument pattern; steep turn; radionavigation; recovery from unusual attitudes; limited panel; recognition and recovery from incipient and full stalls;

• (b) Procedural Instrument Flight Module:
• (i) pre-flight procedures for IFR flights, including the use of the flight manual and appropriate air traffic services documents in the preparation of an IFR flight plan;
• (ii) procedure and manoeuvres for IFR operation under normal, abnormal and emergency conditions covering at least:
• — transition from visual to instrument flight on take-off,
• — standard instrument departures and arrivals,
• — en-route IFR procedures,
• — holding procedures,
• — instrument approaches to specified minima,
• — missed approach procedures,
• — landings from instrument approaches, including circling;
• (iii) in-flight manoeuvres and particular flight characteristics;
• (iv) if required, operation of a multi-engine aeroplane in the above exercises, including operation of the aeroplane solely by reference to instruments with one engine simulated inoperative and engine shutdown and restart (the latter exercise to be carried out at a safe altitude unless carried out in an FFS or FNPT II).

Aa.   IR(A) — Competency-based modular flying training course

GENERAL

• 1.The aim of the competency-based modular flying training course is to train PPL or CPL holders for the instrument rating, taking into account prior instrument flight instruction and experience. It is designed to provide the level of proficiency needed to operate aeroplanes under IFR and in IMC. The course shall be taken within an ATO or consist of a combination of instrument flight instruction provided by an IRI(A) or an FI(A) holding the privilege to provide training for the IR and flight instruction within an ATO.

• 2.An applicant for such a competency-based modular IR(A) shall be the holder of a PPL(A) or CPL(A).

• 3.The course of theoretical instruction shall be completed within 18 months. The instrument flight instruction and the skill test shall be completed within the period of validity of the pass of the theoretical knowledge examinations.

• 4.The course shall comprise:

• (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the IR(A) knowledge level;

• (b) instrument flight instruction.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

• 5.An approved competency-based modular IR(A) course shall comprise at least 80 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction. The theoretical knowledge course may contain computer-based training and e-learning elements. A minimum amount of classroom teaching as required by ORA.ATO.305 has to be provided.

FLYING TRAINING

• 6.The method of attaining an IR(A) following this modular course is competency-based. However, the minimum requirements below shall be completed by the applicant. Additional training may be required to reach required competencies.

• (a) A single-engine competency-based modular IR(A) course shall include at least 40 hours of instrument time under instruction, of which up to 10 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or up to 25 hours in an FFS or FNPT II. A maximum of 5 hours of FNPT II or FFS instrument ground time may be conducted in an FNPT I.
• (i) When the applicant has:
• (A) completed instrument flight instruction provided by an IRI(A) or an FI(A) holding the privilege to provide training for the IR; or
• (B) prior experience of instrument flight time as PIC on aeroplanes, under a rating providing the privileges to fly under IFR and in IMC, these hours may be credited towards the 40 hours above up to maximum of 30 hours,
• (ii) When the applicant has prior instrument flight time under instruction other than specified in point (a)(i), these hours may be credited towards the required 40 hours up to a maximum of 15 hours.
• (iii) In any case, the flying training shall include at least 10 hours of instrument flight time under instruction in an aeroplane at an ATO.
• (iv) The total amount of dual instrument instruction shall not be less than 25 hours.

• (b) A multi-engine competency-based modular IR(A) course shall include at least 45 hours instrument time under instruction, of which up to 10 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or up to 30 hours in an FFS or FNPT II. A maximum of 5 hours of FNPT II or FFS instrument ground time may be conducted in an FNPT I.
• (i) When the applicant has:
• (A) completed instrument flight instruction provided by an IRI(A) or an FI(A) holding the privilege to provide training for the IR; or
• (B) prior experience of instrument flight time as PIC on aeroplanes, under a rating giving the privileges to fly under IFR and in IMC, these hours may be credited towards the 45 hours above up to a maximum of 35 hours.
• (ii) When the applicant has prior instrument flight time under instruction other than specified in point (b)(i), these hours may be credited towards the required 45 hours up to a maximum of 15 hours.
• (iii) In any case, the flying training shall include at least 10 hours of instrument flight time under instruction in a multi-engine aeroplane at an ATO.
• (iv) The total amount of dual instrument instruction shall not be less than 25 hours, of which at least 15 hours shall be completed in a multi-engine aeroplane.

• (c) To determine the amount of hours credited and to establish the training needs, the applicant shall complete a pre-entry assessment at an ATO.

• (d) The completion of the instrument flight instruction provided by an IRI(A) or FI(A) in accordance with point (a)(i) or (b)(i) shall be documented in a specific training record and signed by the instructor.

• 7.The flight instruction for the competency-based modular IR(A) shall comprise:

• (a) procedures and manoeuvres for basic instrument flight covering at least:
• (i) basic instrument flight without external visual cues;
• (ii) horizontal flight;
• (iii) climbing;
• (iv) descent;
• (v) turns in level flight, climbing and descent;
• (vi) instrument pattern;
• (vii) steep turn;
• (viii) radio navigation;
• (ix) recovery from unusual attitudes;
• (x) limited panel; and
• (xi) recognition and recovery from incipient and full stall;

• (b) pre-flight procedures for IFR flights, including the use of the flight manual and appropriate air traffic services documents for the preparation of an IFR flight plan;

• (c) procedure and manoeuvres for IFR operation under normal, abnormal, and emergency conditions covering at least:
• (i) transition from visual to instrument flight on take-off;
• (ii) standard instrument departures and arrivals;
• (iii) en route IFR procedures;
• (iv) holding procedures;
• (v) instrument approaches to specified minima;
• (vi) missed approach procedures; and
• (vii) landings from instrument approaches, including circling;

• (d) in-flight manoeuvres and particular flight characteristics;

• (e) if required, operation of a multi-engine aeroplane in the above exercises, including:
• (i) operation of the aeroplane solely by reference to instruments with one engine simulated inoperative;
• (ii) engine shutdown and restart (to be carried out at a safe altitude unless carried out in an FFS or FNPT II).

• 8.Applicants for the competency-based modular IR(A) holding a Part-FCL PPL or CPL and a valid IR(A) issued in compliance with the requirements of Annex 1 to the Chicago Convention by a third country may be credited in full towards the training course mentioned in paragraph 4. In order to be issued the IR(A), the applicant shall:

• (a) successfully complete the skill test for the IR(A) in accordance with Appendix 7;

• (b) demonstrate to the examiner during the skill test that he/she has acquired an adequate level of theoretical knowledge of air law, meteorology and flight planning and performance (IR); and

• (c) have a minimum experience of at least 50 hours of flight time under IFR as PIC on aeroplanes.

• 9.Applicants for the competency-based modular IR(A) who hold a BIR in accordance with point FCL.835 and who have received at least 10 hours of instrument flight time under instruction at an ATO may be credited towards the training course referred to in paragraph 4, provided that all competency-based instrument rating topics have been included in that BIR training, and assessed by the ATO that provides the competency-based modular flying training course.

• 10.Applicants for the competency-based modular IR(A) who hold a BIR and have experience of at least 50 hours of flight time under IFR as PIC on aeroplanes, shall:

• (a) at an ATO:
• (i) be assessed as having an acceptable standard of competency-based instrument rating theoretical knowledge;
• (ii) receive appropriate flight training to extend IFR privileges in accordance with FCL.605.IR(a);

• (b) after completion of (a);
• (i) successfully complete the skill test for the IR(A) in accordance with Appendix 7;
• (ii) demonstrate orally to the examiner during the skill test that they have acquired an adequate level of theoretical knowledge of air law, meteorology, and flight planning and performance.

PRE-ENTRY ASSESSMENT

• 1. The content and duration of the pre-entry assessment shall be determined by the ATO based on the prior instrument experience of the applicant.

MULTI-ENGINE

• 1. The holder of a single-engine IR(A) who also holds a multi-engine class or type rating wishing to obtain a multi-engine IR(A) for the first time shall complete a course at an ATO comprising at least 5 hours instrument time under instruction in multi-engine aeroplanes, of which 3 hours may be in an FFS or FNPT II and shall pass a skill test.

B. IR(H) — Modular flying training course

• 1.The aim of the IR(H) modular flying training course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate helicopters under IFR and in IMC.

• 2.An applicant for a modular IR(H) course shall be the holder of a PPL(H), or a CPL(H) or an ATPL(H). Prior to commencing the aircraft instruction phase of the IR(H) course, the applicant shall be the holder of the helicopter type rating used for the IR(H) skill test, or have completed approved type rating training on that type. The applicant shall hold a certificate of satisfactory completion of MCC if the skill test is to be conducted in Multi- Pilot conditions.

• 3.An applicant wishing to undertake a modular IR(H) course shall be required to complete all the instructional stages in one continuous approved course of training.

• 4.The course of theoretical instruction shall be completed within 18 months. The flight instruction and the skill test shall be completed within the period of validity of the pass in the theoretical examinations.

• 5.The course shall comprise:

• (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the IR knowledge level;

• (b) instrument flight instruction.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

• 6.An approved modular IR(H) course shall comprise at least 150 hours of instruction.

FLYING TRAINING

• 7.An IR(H) course shall comprise at least 55 hours instrument time under instruction, of which:

• (a) up to 20 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I (H) or (A). These 20 hours instruction time in FNPT I (H) or (A) may be substituted by 20 hours instruction time for IR(H) in an aeroplane, approved for this course; or

• (b) up to 40 hours may be instrument ground time in a helicopter FTD 2/3, FNPT II/III or FFS.

• The instrument flight instruction shall include at least 10 hours in an IFR-certificated helicopter.

• 8.1. Holders of an ATPL(H) shall have the theoretical knowledge instruction hours reduced by 50 hours.

• 8.2. The holder of an IR(A) may have the amount of training required reduced to 10 hours.

• 8.3. The holder of a PPL(H) with a helicopter night rating or a CPL(H) may have the total amount of instrument time under instruction required reduced by 5 hours.

• 1. The flying exercises up to the IR(H) skill test shall comprise:

• (a) pre-flight procedures for IFR flights, including the use of the flight manual and appropriate air traffic services documents in the preparation of an IFR flight plan;

• (b) procedure and manoeuvres for IFR operation under normal, abnormal and emergency conditions covering at least:
• — transition from visual to instrument flight on take-off,
• — standard instrument departures and arrivals,
• — en-route IFR procedures,
• — holding procedures,
• — instrument approaches to specified minima,
• — missed approach procedures,
• — landings from instrument approaches, including circling.

• (c) in-flight manoeuvres and particular flight characteristics;

• (d) if required, operation of a multi-engine helicopter in the above exercises, including operation of the helicopter solely by reference to instruments with one engine simulated inoperative and engine shutdown and restart (the latter exercise to be carried out in an FFS or FNPT II or FTD 2/3).

C. IR(As) — Modular flying training course

GENERAL

• 1.The aim of the IR(As) modular flying training course is to train pilots to the level of proficiency necessary to operate airships under IFR and in IMC. The course consists of two modules, which may be taken separately or combined:

• (a) Basic Instrument Flight Module This comprises 10 hours of instrument time under instruction, of which up to 5 hours can be instrument ground time in a BITD, FNPT I or II, or an FFS. Upon completion of the Basic Instrument Flight Module, the candidate shall be issued a Course Completion Certificate.

• (b) Procedural Instrument Flight Module This comprises the remainder of the training syllabus for the IR(As), 25 hours instrument time under instruction, and the theoretical knowledge course for the IR(As).

• 2.An applicant for a modular IR(As) course shall be the holder of a PPL(As) including the privileges to fly at night or a CPL(As). An applicant for the Procedural Instrument Flight Module, who does not hold a CPL(As), shall be holder of a Course Completion Certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module.

• 3.An applicant wishing to undertake the Procedural Instrument Flight Module of a modular IR(As) course shall be required to complete all the instructional stages in one continuous approved course of training. Prior to commencing the Procedural Instrument Flight Module, the ATO shall ensure the competence of the applicant in basic instrument flying skills. Refresher training shall be given as required.

• 4.The course of theoretical instruction shall be completed within 18 months. The Procedural Instrument Flight Module and the skill test shall be completed within the period of validity of the pass in theoretical examinations.

• 5.The course shall comprise:

• (a) theoretical knowledge instruction to the IR knowledge level;

• (b) instrument flight instruction.

THEORETICAL KNOWLEDGE

• 6.An approved modular IR(As) course shall comprise at least 150 hours of theoretical knowledge instruction.

FLYING TRAINING

• 7.An IR(As) course shall comprise at least 35 hours instrument time under instruction of which up to 15 hours may be instrument ground time in an FNPT I, or up to 20 hours in an FFS or FNPT II. A maximum of 5 hours of FNPT II or FFS instrument ground time may be conducted in an FNPT I.

• 8.The holder of a CPL(As) or of a Course Completion Certificate for the Basic Instrument Flight Module may have the total amount of training required in paragraph 7 reduced by 10 hours. The total instrument flight instruction in airship shall comply with paragraph 7.

• 9.If the applicant is the holder of an IR in another category of aircraft the total amount of flight instruction required may be reduced to 10 hours on airships.

• 10.The flying exercises up to the IR(As) skill test shall comprise:

• (a) Basic Instrument Flight Module: Procedure and manoeuvre for basic instrument flight covering at least: basic instrument flight without external visual cues: — horizontal flight, — climbing, — descent, — turns in level flight, climbing, descent; instrument pattern; radionavigation; recovery from unusual attitudes; limited panel;

• (b) Procedural Instrument Flight Module:
• (i) pre-flight procedures for IFR flights, including the use of the flight manual and appropriate air traffic services documents in the preparation of an IFR flight plan;
• (ii) procedure and manoeuvres for IFR operation under normal, abnormal and emergency conditions covering at least:
• — transition from visual to instrument flight on take-off,
• — standard instrument departures and arrivals,
• — en-route IFR procedures,
• — holding procedures,
• — instrument approaches to specified minima,
• — missed approach procedures,
• — landings from instrument approaches, including circling;
• (iii) inflight manoeuvres and particular flight characteristics;
• (iv) operation of airship in the above exercises, including operation of the airship solely by reference to instruments with one engine simulated inoperative and engine shut-down and restart (the latter exercise to be carried out at a safe altitude unless carried out in an FFS or FNPT II).

Appendix 7

BIR and IR skill test

• 1.Applicants shall have received instruction on the same class or type of aircraft to be used in the test which shall be appropriately equipped for the training and testing purposes.

• 2.An applicant shall pass all the relevant sections of the skill test. If any item in a section is failed, that section is failed. Failure in more than one section will require the applicant to take the entire test again. An applicant failing only one section shall only repeat the failed section. Failure in any section of the retest, including those sections that have been passed on a previous attempt, will require the applicant to take the entire test again. All relevant sections of the skill test shall be completed within 6 months. Failure to achieve a pass in all relevant sections of the test in two attempts will require further training.

• 3.Further training may be required following a failed skill test. There is no limit to the number of skill tests that may be attempted.

CONDUCT OF THE TEST

• 4.The test is intended to simulate a practical flight. The route to be flown shall be chosen by the examiner. An essential element is the ability of the applicant to plan and conduct the flight from routine briefing material. The applicant shall undertake the flight planning and shall ensure that all equipment and documentation for the execution of the flight are on board. The duration of the flight shall be at least 1 hour.

• 5.Should the applicant choose to terminate a skill test for reasons considered inadequate by the examiner, the applicant shall retake the entire skill test. If the test is terminated for reasons considered adequate by the examiner, only those sections not completed shall be tested in a further flight.

• 6.At the discretion of the examiner, any manoeuvre or procedure of the test may be repeated once by the applicant. The examiner may stop the test at any stage if it is considered that the applicant’s demonstration of flying skill requires a complete retest.

• 7.An applicant shall fly the aircraft from a position where the PIC functions can be performed and to carry out the test as if there is no other crew member. The examiner shall take no part in the operation of the aircraft, except when intervention is necessary in the interests of safety or to avoid unacceptable delay to other traffic. Responsibility for the flight shall be allocated in accordance with national regulations.

• 8.Decision heights/altitude, minimum descent heights/altitudes and missed approach point shall be determined by the applicant and agreed by the examiner.

• 9.Applicants shall indicate to the examiner the checks and duties carried out, including the identification of radio facilities. Checks shall be completed in accordance with the authorised checklist for the aircraft on which the test is being taken. During pre-flight preparation for the test applicants shall determine power settings and speeds. The applicants shall calculate performance data for take-off, approach and landing in compliance with the operations manual or flight manual for the aircraft used.

FLIGHT TEST TOLERANCES

• 10.The applicant shall demonstrate the ability to:

operate the aircraft within its limitations;

complete all manoeuvres with smoothness and accuracy;

exercise good judgment and airmanship;

apply aeronautical knowledge; and

maintain control of the aircraft at all times in such a manner that the successful outcome of a procedure or manoeuvre is never seriously in doubt.

• 11.The following limits shall apply, corrected to make allowance for turbulent conditions and the handling qualities and performance of the aircraft used:

Height	Height
Generally	± 100 feet
Starting a go-around at decision height/altitude	+ 50 feet/– 0 feet
Minimum descent height/MAP/altitude	+ 50 feet/– 0 feet
Tracking	Tracking
On radio aids	± 5°
For angular deviations	Half scale deflection, azimuth and glide path (e.g. LPV, ILS, MLS, GLS)
2D (LNAV) and 3D (LNAV/VNAV) ‘linear’ lateral deviations	cross-track error/deviation shall normally be limited to ± Image omitted; see official source the RNP value associated with the procedure. Brief deviations from this standard up to a maximum of 1 time the RNP value are allowable.
3D linear vertical deviations (e.g. RNP APCH (LNAV/VNAV) using BaroVNAV)	not more than – 75 feet below the vertical profile at any time, and not more than + 75 feet above the vertical profile at or below 1 000 feet above aerodrome level.
Heading	Heading
all engines operating	± 5°
with simulated engine failure	± 10°
Speed	Speed
all engines operating	± 5 knots
with simulated engine failure	+ 10 knots/– 5 knots,

CONTENT OF THE TEST

Aeroplanes

SECTION 1 — PRE-FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND DEPARTURE Use of checklist, airmanship, anti-icing/de-icing procedures, etc., apply in all sections	SECTION 1 — PRE-FLIGHT OPERATIONS AND DEPARTURE Use of checklist, airmanship, anti-icing/de-icing procedures, etc., apply in all sections
a	Use of flight manual (or equivalent) especially a/c performance calculation, mass and balance
b	Use of Air Traffic Services document, weather document
c	Preparation of ATC flight plan, IFR flight plan/log
d	Identification of the required navaids for departure, arrival and approach procedures
e	Pre-flight inspection
f	Weather Minima
g	Taxiing
h	PBN departure (if applicable): — Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and — Cross-check between the navigation system display and the departure chart.
i	Pre-take-off briefing, Take-off
j [^E0008]	Transition to instrument flight
k [^E0008]	Instrument departure procedures, including PBN departures, and altimeter setting
l [^E0008]	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 2 — GENERAL HANDLING [^E0008]	SECTION 2 — GENERAL HANDLING [^E0008]
a	Control of the aeroplane by reference solely to instruments, including level flight at various speeds, trim
b	Climbing and descending turns with sustained Rate 1 turn
c	Recoveries from unusual attitudes, including sustained 45° bank turns and steep descending turns
d [^E0009]	Recovery from approach to stall in level flight, climbing/descending turns and in landing configuration
e	Limited panel: stabilised climb or descent, level turns at Rate 1 onto given headings, recovery from unusual attitudes
SECTION 3 — EN-ROUTE IFR PROCEDURES [^E0008]	SECTION 3 — EN-ROUTE IFR PROCEDURES [^E0008]
a	Tracking, including interception, e.g. NDB, VOR, or track between waypoints
b	Use of navigation system and radio aids
c	Level flight, control of heading, altitude and airspeed, power setting, trim technique
d	Altimeter settings
e	Timing and revision of ETAs (en-route hold, if required)
f	Monitoring of flight progress, flight log, fuel usage, systems’ management
g	Ice protection procedures, simulated if necessary
h	ATC liaison - compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 3a — ARRIVAL PROCEDURES	SECTION 3a — ARRIVAL PROCEDURES
a	Setting and checking of navigational aids, and identification of facilities, if applicable
b	Arrival procedures, altimeter checks
c	Altitude and speed constraints, if applicable
d	PBN arrival (if applicable): — Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and — Cross-check between the navigation system display and the arrival chart.
SECTION 4 [^E0008]— 3D Operations [^E0010]	SECTION 4 [^E0008]— 3D Operations [^E0010]
a	Setting and checking of navigational aids Check Vertical Path angle For RNP APCH: — Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and — Cross-check between the navigation system display and the approach chart.
b	Approach and landing briefing, including descent/approach/landing checks, including identification of facilities
c [^E0010]	Holding procedure
d	Compliance with published approach procedure
e	Approach timing
f	Altitude, speed heading control (stabilised approach)
g [^E0010]	Go-around action
h [^E0010]	Missed approach procedure/landing
i	ATC liaison – compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 5 [^E0008] – 2D OPERATIONS [^E0011]	SECTION 5 [^E0008] – 2D OPERATIONS [^E0011]
a	Setting and checking of navigational aids For RNP APCH: — Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and — Cross-check between the navigation system display and the approach chart.
b	Approach and landing briefing, including descent/approach/landing checks, including identification of facilities
c [^E0010]	Holding procedure
d	Compliance with published approach procedure
e	Approach timing
f	Altitude/Distance to MAPT, speed, heading control (stabilised approach), Step Down Fixes (SDF(s)), if applicable
g [^E0010]	Go-around action
h [^E0010]	Missed approach procedure/landing
i	ATC liaison – compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 6 — FLIGHT WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE (multi-engine aeroplanes only) [^E0008]	SECTION 6 — FLIGHT WITH ONE ENGINE INOPERATIVE (multi-engine aeroplanes only) [^E0008]
a	Simulated engine failure after take-off or on go-around
b	Approach, go-around and procedural missed approach with one engine inoperative
c	Approach and landing with one engine inoperative
d	ATC liaison – compliance, R/T procedures

Must be performed by sole reference to instruments.

May be performed in an FFS, FTD 2/3 or FNPT II.

May be performed in either Section 4 or Section 5.

To establish PBN privileges, one approach in either Section 4 or Section 5 shall be an RNP APCH. Where an RNP APCH is not practicable, it shall be performed in an appropriately equipped FSTD.

Helicopters

SECTION 1 — DEPARTURE	SECTION 1 — DEPARTURE
Use of checklist, airmanship, anti-icing/de-icing procedures, etc., apply in all sections	Use of checklist, airmanship, anti-icing/de-icing procedures, etc., apply in all sections
a	Use of flight manual (or equivalent) especially aircraft performance calculation; mass and balance
b	Use of Air Traffic Services document, weather document
c	Preparation of ATC flight plan, IFR flight plan/log
d	Identification of the required navaids for departure, arrival and approach procedures
e	Pre-flight inspection
f	Weather minima
g	Taxiing/Air taxi in compliance with ATC or instructions of instructor
h	PBN departure (if applicable): — Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and — Cross-check between the navigation system display and the departure chart.
i	Pre-take-off briefing, procedures and checks
j	Transition to instrument flight
k	Instrument departure procedures, including PBN procedures
SECTION 2 — GENERAL HANDLING	SECTION 2 — GENERAL HANDLING
a	Control of the helicopter by reference solely to instruments, including:
b	Climbing and descending turns with sustained Rate 1 turn
c	Recoveries from unusual attitudes, including sustained 30° bank turns and steep descending turns
SECTION 3 — EN-ROUTE IFR PROCEDURES	SECTION 3 — EN-ROUTE IFR PROCEDURES
a	Tracking, including interception, e.g. NDB, VOR, RNAV
b	Use of radio aids
c	Level flight, control of heading, altitude and airspeed, power setting
d	Altimeter settings
e	Timing and revision of ETAs
f	Monitoring of flight progress, flight log, fuel usage, systems management
g	Ice protection procedures, simulated if necessary and if applicable
h	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 3a — ARRIVAL PROCEDURES	SECTION 3a — ARRIVAL PROCEDURES
a	Setting and checking of navigational aids, if applicable
b	Arrival procedures, altimeter checks
c	Altitude and speed constraints, if applicable
d	PBN arrival (if applicable) — Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and — Cross-check between the navigation system display and the arrival chart.
SECTION 4 — 3D OPERATIONS [^E0012]	SECTION 4 — 3D OPERATIONS [^E0012]
a	Setting and checking of navigational aids Check Vertical Path angle For RNP APCH: (a) Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and (b) Cross-check between the navigation system display and the approach chart.
b	Approach and landing briefing, including descent/approach/landing checks
c [^E0013]	Holding procedure
d	Compliance with published approach procedure
e	Approach timing
f	Altitude, speed, heading control (stabilised approach)
g [^E0013]	Go-around action
h [^E0013]	Missed approach procedure/landing
i	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 5 — 2D OPERATIONS [^E0012]	SECTION 5 — 2D OPERATIONS [^E0012]
a	Setting and checking of navigational aids For RNP APCH: — Check that the correct procedure has been loaded in the navigation system; and — Cross-check between the navigation system display and the approach chart.
b	Approach and landing briefing, including descent/approach/landing checks and identification of facilities
c [^E0013]	Holding procedure
d	Compliance with published approach procedure
e	Approach timing
f	Altitude, speed, heading control (stabilised approach)
g [^E0013]	Go-around action
h [^E0013]	Missed approach procedure [^E0013]/landing
i	ATC liaison — compliance, R/T procedures
SECTION 6 — ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES	SECTION 6 — ABNORMAL AND EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
This section may be combined with sections 1 through 5. The test shall have regard to control of the helicopter, identification of the failed engine, immediate actions (touch drills), follow-up actions and checks and flying accuracy, in the following situations:	This section may be combined with sections 1 through 5. The test shall have regard to control of the helicopter, identification of the failed engine, immediate actions (touch drills), follow-up actions and checks and flying accuracy, in the following situations:
a	Simulated engine failure after take-off and on/during approach [^E0014] (at a safe altitude unless carried out in an FFS or FNPT II/III, FTD 2,3)
b	Failure of stability augmentation devices/hydraulic system (if applicable)
c	Limited panel
d	Autorotation and recovery to a pre-set altitude
e	3D operations manually without flight director [^E0015] 3D operations manually with flight director [^E0015]

To establish PBN privileges, one approach in either Section 4 or Section 5 shall be an RNP APCH. Where an RNP APCH is not practicable, it shall be performed in an appropriately equipped FSTD.

To be performed in Section 4 or Section 5.

Multi-engine helicopter only.

Only one item to be tested.

Appendix 8

Cross-crediting of the IR part of a class or type rating proficiency check or EBT practical assessment

A. Aeroplanes

Credits shall be granted only if holders are revalidating or renewing IR privileges for single-pilot single-engine and single-pilot multi-engine aeroplanes, as appropriate.

If a skill test, proficiency check or EBT practical assessment including IR is performed, and holders have a valid:	Credit is valid towards the IR part in proficiency check for:
MPA type rating; single-pilot high-performance complex aeroplane type rating	SE class rating [^E0016], and SE type rating [^E0016], and SP ME class or type rating except for high-performance complex type ratings, only credits for Section 3B of the proficiency check in point B.5 of Appendix 9 [^E0016]
SP ME aeroplane class or type rating except for high-performance complex aeroplane type ratings, operated as single-pilot	SE class rating, and SE type rating, and SP ME class or type rating except for high-performance complex aeroplane type ratings
SP ME aeroplane class or type rating except for high-performance complex aeroplane type ratings, restricted to MP operations	SE class rating [^E0016], and SE type rating [^E0016], and SP ME class or type rating except for high-performance complex aeroplane type ratings [^E0016].
SP SE aeroplane class or type rating	SE class rating, and SE type rating

Provided that within the preceding 12 months the applicants have flown at least three IFR departures and approaches exercising PBN privileges, including at least one RNP APCH approach, on an SP class or type of aeroplane in SP operations, or, for multi-engine, other than HP complex aeroplanes, the applicants have passed Section 6 of the skill test for SP, other than HP complex aeroplanes flown solely by reference to instruments in SP operations.

B. Helicopters

Credits shall be granted only if holders are revalidating or renewing IR privileges for single-pilot helicopters, as appropriate.

If a skill test or a proficiency check, including IR, is performed and the holders have a valid:	Credit is valid towards the IR part in a proficiency check for:
Multi-pilot helicopter (MPH) type rating	Single-pilot helicopter (SPH) of the same type, including privileges for single-pilot operations [^E0017]
Single-pilot helicopter (SPH) type rating, in multi-pilot operations	Privileges for single-pilot operations in the same type [^E0017]

Provided that within the preceding 12 months at least three IFR departures and approaches exercising PBN privileges, including one RNP APCH approach (which may be a Point in Space (PinS) approach), have been performed on a SP type of helicopter in SP operations.

Appendix 9

Training, skill test and proficiency check for the MPL, and the ATPL, and for type and class ratings, and proficiency checks for the BIR and the IR

A. General

• 1. Applicants for a skill test shall have received instruction in the same class or type of aircraft to be used in the test.

• 1a. Training in FFS in accordance with points 1b and 1c of this Section shall be complemented with take-off and landing training in a single-pilot aircraft operated in single-pilot or multi-pilot operations, or in a multi-pilot aircraft, as applicable, in accordance with point 17 of this Section, unless the training is completed in accordance with point FCL.730.A or constitutes training for cruise relief co-pilots in accordance with Section B, point 6(i), of this Appendix.

• 1b. The training for MPA and PL type ratings shall be conducted in an FFS or in a combination of FSTD(s) and FFS. The skill test or proficiency check for MPA and PL type ratings and the issue of an ATPL and an MPL, shall be conducted in an FFS, if available.

• 1c. The training, skill test or proficiency check for class or type ratings for SPA and helicopters shall be conducted in either of the following:

• (a) an available and accessible FFS, or in a combination of such FFS and FSTD(s);

• (b) a combination of FSTD(s) and the aircraft if an FFS is not available or accessible;

• (c) the aircraft if no FSTD is available or accessible.