LegalizeCouncil Regulation (EU) No 36/2012 of 18 January 2012 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Syria and repealing Regulation (EU) No 442/2011
| Name | Identifying information | Reasons | Date of listing | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Bashar () AL-ASSAD () | Date of birth: 11.9.1965; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Diplomatic passport No D1903; Gender: male | Former President of the Republic; person authorising and supervising the crackdown on demonstrators. | 23.5.2011 |
| 2. | Maher () (a.k.a. Mahir) AL-ASSAD () | Date of birth: 8.12.1967; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Diplomatic passport No 4138; Position: Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division Gender: male | Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime; Major General of the 42nd Brigade and former Brigadier Commander of the Army’s 4th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Assad family; brother of former President Bashar al-Assad. | 9.5.2011 |
| 3. | Ali MAMLUK (a.k.a. Ali Mamlouk; Ali al-Mamlouk; Abu Ayham) (علي المملوك; أبو أيهم; علي مملوك) | Date of birth: 19.2.1946; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Diplomatic passport No 983; Gender: male | Presidential advisor for security affairs since January 2024 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Vice President of the Syrian Arab Republic for Security Affairs. Former Director of the National Security Bureau. Former Head of Syrian Intelligence Directorate involved in violence against demonstrators. | 9.5.2011 |
| 4. | Atif NAJIB (a.k.a. Atef; Atej Najeeb) (عاطف نجيب) | Place of birth: Jablah, Syria; Rank: Brigadier General; Gender: male | Former Head of the Political Security Directorate in Dara’a under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in violence against demonstrators. Member of the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. | 9.5.2011 |
| 5. | Hafiz () MAKHLOUF () (a.k.a. Hafez Makhlouf) | Date of birth: 2.4.1971; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Diplomatic passport No 014637352; Gender: male | Former Colonel and Head of Unit in General Intelligence Directorate, Damascus Branch in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Member of the Makhlouf family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. | 9.5.2011 |
| 6. | Muhammad () Dib () ZAYTUN () (a.k.a. Mohammed Dib Zeitoun; a.k.a. Mohamed Dib Zeitun) | Date of birth: 20.5.1951; Place of birth: Jubba, Damascus province, Syria; Diplomatic passport No D000001300; Gender: male | Director of the National Security Bureau since July 2019 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the General Security Directorate; involved in violence against demonstrators. | 9.5.2011 |
| 7. | Amjad () ABBAS () (a.k.a. al-Abbas) | Gender: male | Former head of Political Security in Banyas under the former al-Assad regime, involved in violence against demonstrators in Baida. Promoted to the rank of Colonel in 2018. | 9.5.2011 |
| 8. | Rami () MAKHLOUF () | Date of birth: 10.7.1969; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Passport No 000098044; Issue No 002-03-0015187; Gender: male | Leading businessman operating in Syria with interests in the financial services, transport and property sectors. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions in the investment funds Al Mashreq, Bena Properties and Cham Holding. He furnishes financing and support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business interests. He is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. | 9.5.2011 |
| 9. | Abd al-Fatah () QUDSIYAH () | Date of birth: 4.2.1953; Place of birth: Hama, Syria; Diplomatic passport No D0005788; Gender: male | Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Deputy Director of the National Security Bureau of the Ba’ath Party. Former Head of the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate. Involved in violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 9.5.2011 |
| 10. | Jamil () (a.k.a. Jameel) HASSAN () (a.k.a. al-Hassan) | Date of birth: 7.7.1953; Place of birth: Qusayr, Homs province, Syria; Former Head of Syrian Air Force Intelligence; Gender: male | Officer of the rank of Major-General in the Syrian Air Force in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence in post after May 2011 and until July 2019. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 9.5.2011 |
| 11. | Mohammad Mouti’ MOUAYYAD (a.k.a. Mohammad Muti’a Moayyad) | Date of birth: 1968; Place of birth: Ariha (Idlib), Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 12. | Ghazwan Rifaat Kheir BEK (a.k.a. Ghazqan Kheir Bek) | Date of birth: 10.3.1961; Place of birth: Al-Shamiyah, Latakia, Syria; ID Number: 06010037444; Gender: male | Former Minister of Transport in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. He was previously General Director of the Port of Tartus. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 13. | Munzir () (a.k.a. Mundhir, Monzer) Jamil () AL-ASSAD () | Date of birth: 1.3.1961; Place of birth: Kerdaha, Latakia Province, Syria; Passports No 86449 and No 842781; Gender: male | Involved in violence against the civilian population as part of the Shabiha militia under the former al-Assad regime. | 9.5.2011 |
| 14. | Brigadier General Mohammed BILAL (a.k.a. Lieutenant Colonel Muhammad Bilal) | Date of birth: 25.5.1971; Gender: male | As a senior officer in the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime, he supports the former al-Assad regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. He is also associated with the listed Scientific Studies Research Centre (SSRC). | 21.10.2014 |
| 15. | Kamal CHEIKHA (a.k.a. Kamal al-Sheikha) | Date of birth: 1961; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 16. | Faruq () (a.k.a. Farouq, Farouk) AL SHAR’ () (a.k.a. Al Char’, Al Shara’, Al Shara) | Date of birth: 1.1.1938; Gender: male | Former Vice President of Syria under the former al-Assad regime; involved in violence against the civilian population. | 23.5.2011 |
| 17. | Hassan NOURI (a.k.a. Hassan al-Nouri) | Date of birth: 9.2.1960; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Administrative Development in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, he shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 18. | Mohammed () HAMCHO () | Date of birth: 20.5.1966; Passport No 002954347; Gender: male | Leading businessman operating in Syria, with interests in the engineering and construction, media, hospitality and health sector. He has financial interests in and/or holds senior and executive positions within a number of companies in Syria, in particular Hamsho International, Hamsho Communication, Mhg International, Jupiter for Investment and Tourism project and Syria Metal Industries. He plays an important role in the business community in Syria as general secretary of the Damascus Chamber of Commerce (appointed by the then Minister for economy Khodr Orfali in December 2014), chairman of the China-Syria Bilateral Business Councils (since March 2014) and chairman of the Syrian Metal and Steel Council (since December 2015). He has close business relationships with key figures of the former al-Assad regime, including Maher al-Assad. He benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime through his business interests, and is associated with persons benefiting from and providing support to that regime. | 27.1.2015 |
| 19. | Iyad () (a.k.a. Eyad) MAKHLOUF () | Date of birth: 21.1.1973; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Passport No N001820740; Gender: male | Member of the Makhlouf family; son of Mohammed Makhlouf, brother of Hafez Makhlouf and Rami Makhlouf and brother of Ihab Makhlouf; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. Member of the Syrian security and intelligence services in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As an officer in the General Intelligence Directorate, involved in violence against the civilian population in Syria. | 23.5.2011 |
| 20. | Bassam () AL HASSAN () (a.k.a. Al Hasan) | Date of birth: 6.3.1962; Place of birth: Sheen, Homs, Syria; Rank: Major General; Gender: male | Presidential Advisor for Strategic Affairs under the former al-Assad regime; head of the General Secretariat of the National Defence. Involved in violence against the civilian population. | 23.5.2011 |
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| 22. | Ihab MAKHLOUF (a.k.a. Ehab, Iehab) (ايهاب مخلوف) | Date of birth: 21.1.1973; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Passport no: N002848852; Gender: male | Leading businessman operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. He has business interests in several Syrian companies and entities, including Ramak Construction Co and Syrian International Private University for Science and Technology (SIUST). He is an influential member of the Makhlouf family and closely connected to the Assad family; cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. In 2020, Ehab Makhlouf took over Rami Makhlouf’s business activities and the Syrian government granted him the contracts to operate and manage the duty-free markets across the country. | 23.5.2011 |
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| 24. | Riyad () CHALICHE () (a.k.a. Shalish, Shaleesh) (a.k.a. Riyad Shalish) | Function: chairman of Riyad Isa Development Corporation; Gender: male | Former Director of Military Housing Establishment; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime; first cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad. | 23.6.2011 |
| 25. | Brigadier Commander Mohammad () (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali () JAFARI () (a.k.a. Jaafari, Ja’fari, Aziz; a.k.a. Jafari, Ali; a.k.a. Jafari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Ja’fari, Mohammad Ali; a.k.a. Jafari-Naja-fabadi, Mohammad Ali) | Date of birth: 1.9.1957; Place of birth: Yazd, Iran; Gender: male | Head of ‘Baqiayt Allah’, cultural organisation of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. General Commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps until 21.4.2019, involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria. | 23.6.2011 |
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| 27. | Hossein () TAEB () (a.k.a. Taeb, Hassan; a.k.a. Taeb, Hosein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hossein; a.k.a. Taeb, Hussayn; a.k.a. Hojjatoleslam Hossein Ta’eb) | Date of birth: 1963; Place of birth: Tehran, Iran; Gender: male | Director of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Intelligence Service. Former Deputy Commander for Intelligence of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, involved in providing equipment and support to help the former al-Assad regime suppress protests in Syria. | 23.6.2011 |
| 28. | Khalid (a.k.a. Khaled) QADDUR (a.k.a. Qadour, Qaddour, Kaddour) (خالد قدور) | Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in the telecommunications, oil, plastic and tobacco industry sectors and close business relations with Maher al-Assad. He is linked to smuggling activities. He benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business activities. Associate of Maher al-Assad, including through his business activities. | 27.1.2015 |
| 29. | Ra’if () AL-QUWATLY () (a.k.a. Ri’af al-Quwatli a.k.a. Raeef al-Kouatly) | Date of birth: 3.2.1967; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Business associate of Maher al-Assad and responsible for managing some of his business interests; provides funding to the former al-Assad regime. | 23.6.2011 |
| 30. | Mohammad (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed, Muhamad) al-MUFLEH (a.k.a. al-Muflih) | Date of birth: before 1964 Gender: male | Head of Syrian Military Intelligence in the town of Hama under the former al-Assad regime; involved in the crackdown on demonstrators. | 1.8.2011 |
| 31. | Major General Tawfiq () (a.k.a. Tawfik) YOUNES () (a.k.a. Yunes) | Date of birth: 5.1.1956; Gender: male | Former head of the Department for Internal Security of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime; involved in violence against the civilian population. | 1.8.2011 |
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| 33. | Ayman JABIR (a.k.a. Aiman Jaber) (أيمن جابر) | Date of birth: 17.1.1967; Place of birth: Latakia, Syria; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria, involved in the steel, media, consumable goods and oil sectors, including in trading those goods. He has financial interests and/or holds senior executive positions in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular Al Jazira (a.k.a. Al Jazerra, El Jazireh), Dunia TV and Sama Satellite Channel. Through his company Al Jazira, Ayman Jabir has facilitated the importation of oil from Overseas Petroleum Trading to Syria. Ayman Jabir benefits from and provides support to the former al-Assad regime, through his business interests. Provides direct support for and plays a leading role in activities of regime-affiliated militias known as Shabiha and/or Suqur as-Sahraa. He is an honorary president of ‘Wafa lil-Watan’ (loyalty to homeland), which is an association providing aid to families of Syrian soldiers and militias. Associate of Rami Makhlouf through his business activities, and an associate of Maher al-Assad through his role in regime-affiliated militias. | 27.1.2015 |
| 34. | Hayel () AL-ASSAD () (a.k.a. Hael al-Asad (هاىلالأسد)) | Date of birth: 8.9.1968; Gender: male | Assistant to Maher al-Assad; Head of the military police unit of the army’s 4th Division under the former al-Assad regime, involved in repression. | 23.8.2011 |
| 35. | Ali () AL-SALIM () (a.k.a. al-Saleem) | Gender: male | Director of the supplies office of the Syrian Ministry of Defence under the former al-Assad regime, entry point for all arms acquisitions by the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime. | 23.8.2011 |
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| 37. | Major General Rafiq () (a.k.a. Rafeeq) SHAHADAH () (a.k.a. Shahada, Shahade, Shahadeh, Chahada, Chahade, Chahadeh, Chahada) | Date of birth: 5.1.1956; Place of birth: Jablah, Latakia Province, Syria; Gender: male | Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch 293 (Internal Affairs) in Damascus. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Damascus. Advisor to former President Bashar al-Assad for strategic questions and military intelligence. | 23.8.2011 |
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| 42. | Brigadier-General Nawful () (a.k.a. Nawfal, Nofal, Nawfel) AL-HUSAYN () (a.k.a. al-Hussain, al-Hussein) | Gender: male | Idlib Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) Branch Chief under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Idlib province. | 23.8.2011 |
| 43. | Brigadier Husam () SUKKAR () | Gender: male | Presidential Adviser on Security Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Presidential Adviser for security agencies’ repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria. | 23.8.2011 |
| 44. | Brigadier-General Muhammed () (a.k.a. Muhamad) ZAMRINI () (a.k.a. Zamreni) | Gender: male | Branch Chief for Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI) in Homs under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Homs. | 23.8.2011 |
| 45. | Munir () (a.k.a. Mounir, Mouneer, Monir, Moneer, Muneer) ADANOV () (a.k.a. Adnuf, Adanof) | Date of birth: 1951; Place of birth: Homs, Syria; Position: Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training, Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime; Rank: Lieutenant-General, Syrian Arab Army; Gender: male | Officer of the rank of Lieutenant General and Deputy Chief of General Staff, Operations and Training for the Syrian Army in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. In his position as Deputy Chief of General Staff he was directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria. | 23.8.2011 |
| 46. | Brigadier-General Ghassan () KHALIL () (a.k.a. Khaleel) | Date of birth: 3.5.1957; Gender: male | Head of General Intelligence Directorate’s Information Branch under the former al-Assad regime. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria. | 23.8.2011 |
| 47. | Mohammed () (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohamed) JABIR () (a.k.a. Jaber) | Place of birth: Latakia, Syria; Gender: male | Shabiha militia under the former al-Assad regime. Associate of Maher al-Assad for the Shabiha militia. Directly involved in repression of and violence against the civilian population, and in coordination of Shabiha militia groups. | 23.8.2011 |
| 48. | Samir HASSAN (سمير حسن) | Date of birth: 10.8.1953; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in the Amir Group and Cham Holding, two conglomerates with interests in the real estate, tourism, transport and finance sectors. President of the Syria-Russia Business Council and plays a significant role in the economic relations with the Russian Federation through the Syria-Russia Business Council. Samir Hassan supports the former al-Assad regime with cash donations. Samir Hassan is associated with persons benefitting from or supporting the former al-Assad regime. In particular, he is associated with Rami Makhlouf and Issam Anbouba, who have been designated by the Council and benefit from the former al-Assad regime. | 27.9.2014 |
| 49. | Fares () CHEHABI () (a.k.a. Fares Shihabi; Fares Chihabi) | Son of Ahmad Chehabi; Date of birth: 7.9.1972; Gender: male | President of the Aleppo Chamber of Industry; Chairman of the Federation of Chambers of Industry since 16.12.2018. Vice-Chairman of Cham Holding. Provides economic support to the former al-Assad regime. Member of Syrian Parliament since 2016. | 2.9.2011 |
| 50. | Tarif () AKHRAS () (a.k.a. Al Akhras ()) | Date of birth: 2.6.1951; Place of birth: Homs, Syria; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. He is the founder of the Akhras Group (commodities, trading, processing and logistics) and former Chairman of the Homs Chamber of Commerce. Close business relations with former President Bashar al-Assad’s family. Former member of the Board of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce. Provided logistical support for the former al-Assad regime (buses and tank loaders). He is therefore benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. | 2.9.2011 |
| 51. | Issam () ANBOUBA () | President of Anbouba for Agricultural Industries Co.; Date of birth: 18.3.1952; Place of birth: Homs, Syria; Gender: male | Leading businessperson active in different sectors of the Syrian economy, such as agriculture, real estate, oil and banking. He continues profiting from his business empire that he was able to establish due to his close relations to the former al-Assad regime, via his offshore companies in Lebanon. He has financial relations with high-ranking Syrian officials and the Syrian business elite related to the former al-Assad regime. Co-founder of Cham Holding and shareholder in that company. | 2.9.2011 |
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| 53. | Adib () MAYALEH () (a.k.a. André Mayard) | Date of birth: 15.5.1955; Place of birth: Bassir, Syria; Gender: male | Former Governor and Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Central Bank of Syria. Adib Mayaleh controlled the Syrian banking sector and managed the Syrian money supply through the issue and withdrawal of bank notes and control of the foreign exchange rate value of the Syrian Pound. Through his role at the Central Bank of Syria, Adib Mayaleh provided economic and financial support to the former al-Assad regime. Former Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. | 15.5.2012 |
| 54. | Major General Jumah () AL-AHMAD () (a.k.a. al-Ahmed) | Gender: male | Commander Special Forces under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 55. | Colonel Lu’ai () (a.k.a. Louay, Loai) AL-ALI () | Place of birth: Jablah, Latakia Province, Syria; Gender: male | Head of Syrian Military Intelligence, Dara’a Branch, under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for violence against protesters in Dara’a. | 14.11.2011 |
| 56. | Ali () Abdullah () (a.k.a. Abdallah) AYYUB () (a.k.a. Ayyoub, Ayub, Ayoub, Ayob) | Date of birth: 28.4.1952; Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | Former Vice President of the Council of Ministers and former Minister of Defence under the former al-Assad regime. Officer of the rank of General in the Syrian Army, in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Chief of General Staff of the Syrian Armed Forces. Person supporting the former al-Assad regime and responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 57. | Fahd () (a.k.a. Fahid, Fahed) Jasim () (a.k.a. Jasem, Jassim, Jassem) AL-FURAYJ () (a.k.a. al-Freij) | Date of birth: 1.1.1950; Place of birth: Hama, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Defence under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 58. | Major General Aous () (a.k.a. Aws, Aus) ‘Ali’ ASLAN () | Date of birth: 9.12.1958; Gender: male | High-ranking officer under the former al-Assad regime. Close to Maher al-Assad and former President Bashar al-Assad. Former positions: Commander of the 40th Brigade (4th Division) between 2011 and 2014; deputy Commander of the 4th Division in 2015; Commander of the 2nd Corps in 2016. Involved in the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria, including arbitrary arrests, mass killings and forced displacements of civilian population. | 14.11.2011 |
| 59. | General Ghassan () BELAL () (a.k.a. Bilal) | Date of birth: 19.9.1966; Gender: male | Head of the 4th Division security bureau, head of the 555th paratrooper regiment under the former al-Assad regime. Adviser to Maher al-Assad and coordinator of security operations. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population across Syria and involved in several breaches of cessation of hostilities in the Ghouta. | 14.11.2011 |
| 60. | Abdullah () (a.k.a. Abdallah) BERRI () | Gender: male | Head of the Berri family militia under the former al-Assad regime. In charge of pro-government militia involved in the crackdown on the civilian population in Aleppo. | 14.11.2011 |
| 61. | George CHAOUI (جورج شاوي) | Gender: male | Member of the Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 62. | Zuhair () (a.k.a. Zouheir, Zuheir, Zouhair) HAMAD () | Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Rank: Major General; Position: Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate (a.k.a. General Security Directorate) since July 2012; Gender: male | Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Deputy Head of General Intelligence Directorate. Responsible for repression, human rights abuses and violence against the civilian population in Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 63. | Amar () (a.k.a. Ammar) ISMAEL () (a.k.a. Ismail) | Date of birth on or around 3.4.1973; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Civilian - Head of Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 64. | Mujahed () ISMAIL () (a.k.a. Ismael) | Date of birth: 1.1.1977; Gender: male | Member of the Syrian electronic army (territorial army intelligence service) under the former al-Assad regime. Involved in the violent crackdown and call for violence against the civilian population across Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 65. | Major General Nazih () | Gender: male | Deputy Director of General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors. | 14.11.2011 |
| 66. | Major General Kifah () MOULHEM () (a.k.a. Moulhim, Mulhem, Mulhim, Milhem) | Date of birth: 28.11.1961; Place of birth: Junaynat Ruslan, Tartus province, Syria; Gender: male | Head of the National Security office since January 2024 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the Military Intelligence Directorate appointed in March 2019. Former Head of the Security Committee in the Southern region and former deputy head of the Military Intelligence directorate, leading the regime’s operation in Homs and Aleppo regions. Responsible for the crackdown on the civilian population in Deir ez-Zor and the main individual responsible for the violent repression committed by the Military Intelligence Directorate (Branch 248) throughout 2011 and 2012 as well as torture and severe violations on detainees. | 14.11.2011 |
| 67. | Major General Wajih () (a.k.a. Wajeeh) MAHMUD () | Gender: male | Commander 18th Armoured Division under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the violence against protestors in Homs. | 14.11.2011 |
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| 69. | Lt. General Talal () Mustafa () TLASS () | Gender: male | Deputy Chief of General Staff (Logistics and supplies) under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence against protestors across Syria. | 14.11.2011 |
| 70. | Major General Fu’ad () TAWIL () | Gender: male | Deputy head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the use of violence across Syria and intimidation and torture of protestors. | 14.11.2011 |
| 71. | Bushra () AL-ASSAD () (a.k.a. Bushra Shawkat, Bouchra Al Assad) | Date of birth: 24.10.1960; Gender: female | Member of the Assad family; sister of former President Bashar al-Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to former President Bashar al-Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the former al-Assad regime. | 23.3.2012 |
| 72. | Asma () AL-ASSAD () (a.k.a. Asma Fawaz Al Akhras) | Date of birth: 11.8.1975; Place of birth: London, UK; Passport No 707512830, expires 22.9.2020; Maiden name: Al Akhras; Gender: female | Member of the Assad family and closely connected to key regime figures; wife of former President Bashar al-Assad. Given the close personal relationship and intrinsic financial relationship to former President Bashar al-Assad, she benefits from and is associated with the former al-Assad regime. | 23.3.2012 |
| 73. | Manal () AL-ASSAD () (a.k.a. Manal Al Ahmad) | Date of birth: 2.2.1970; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Passport No (Syrian) 0000000914; Maiden name: Al Jadaan; Gender: female | Wife of Maher al-Assad, and as such benefits from and is closely associated with the former al-Assad regime. | 23.3.2012 |
| 74. | Mohammad Walid GHAZAL | Date of birth: 1.11.1951; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Syrian National ID Number: 02020332623; Gender: male | Former Minister of Housing and Urban Development (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
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| 76. | Major General Ibrahim () AL-HASSAN () (a.k.a. al-Hasan) | Gender: male | Deputy Chief of Staff under the former al-Assad regime. Military official involved in the violence in Homs. | 1.12.2011 |
| 77. | Brigadier Khalil () (a.k.a. Khaleel) ZGHRAYBIH (,) (a.k.a. Zghraybeh, Zghraybe, Zghrayba, Zghraybah, Zaghraybeh, Zaghraybe, Zaghrayba, Zaghraybah, Zeghraybeh, Zeghraybe, Zeghrayba, Zeghraybah, Zughraybeh, Zughraybe, Zughrayba, Zughraybah, Zighraybeh, Zighraybe, Zighrayba, Zighraybah) | Date of birth: 4.2.1955; Gender: male | 14th Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. | 1.12.2011 |
| 78. | Ali BARAKAT (a.k.a. Barakat Ali Barakat) () | Gender: male | Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. Part of the 30th Mobile Infantry Division of the Republican Guard. | 1.12.2011 |
| 79. | Major General Talal () MAKHLUF () (a.k.a. Makhlouf) | Gender: male | Former commander of the 105th Brigade of the Republican Guards under the former al-Assad regime. Former Commander General of the Republican Guards. Current Commander of the 2nd Corps. Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Major General in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Military official involved in the violence in Damascus. | 1.12.2011 |
| 80. | Major General Nazih () (a.k.a. Nazeeh) HASSUN () (a.k.a. Hassoun) | Gender: male | Officer of the rank of Major General in the Syrian Armed Forces in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Head of the Political Security Directorate of the Syrian security services in post after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 1.12.2011 |
| 81. | Captain Maan () (a.k.a. Ma’an) JDIID () (a.k.a. Jdid, Jedid, Jedeed, Jadeed, Jdeed) | Gender: male | Presidential Guard. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. | 1.12.2011 |
| 82. | Mohammad () (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL-SHAAR () (a.k.a. al-Chaar, al-Sha’ar, al-Cha’ar) | Date of birth: 1.10.1950; Gender: male | Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. | 1.12.2011 |
| 83. | Khald () (a.k.a. Khaled) AL-TAWEEL () (a.k.a. al-Tawil) | Gender: male | Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. | 1.12.2011 |
| 84. | Ghiath () FAYAD () (a.k.a. Fayyad) | Gender: male | Political Security Division. Military official under the former al-Assad regime involved in the violence in Homs. | 1.12.2011 |
| 85. | Brigadier General Jawdat () Ibrahim () SAFI () | Position: Commander of the 154th Regiment; Gender: male | Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Duma, Abasiyeh, Duma, under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 86. | Major General Muhammad () (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Ali () DURGHAM | Position: Commander of the 4th Division; Gender: male | Ordered troops to shoot at protestors in and around Damascus, including Mo’adamiyeh, Duma, Abasiyeh, Duma, under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 87. | Major General Ramadan () Mahmoud () RAMADAN () | Date of birth: 10.3.1962; Position: Commander of the 35th Special Forces Regiment; Gender: male | Ordered troops to shoot protestors in Baniyas and Deraa, under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
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| 89. | Major General Naim () (a.k.a. Naaeem, Naeem, Na’eem, Naaim, Na’im) Jasem () SULEIMAN () | Date of birth: 16.2.1954; Position: Commander of the 3rd Division; Gender: male | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Duma, under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 90. | Brigadier General Jihad () Mohamed () (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) SULTAN () | Position: Commander of the 65th Brigade; Gender: male | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Duma, under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 91. | Major General Fo’ad () (a.k.a. Fouad, Fu’ad) HAMOUDEH () (a.k.a. Hammoudeh, Hammoude, Hammouda, Hammoudah) | Date of birth: 3.10.1955; Position: Commander of the military operations in Idlib; Gender: male | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Idlib at the beginning of September 2011, under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 92. | Major General Bader () AQEL () | Position: Special Forces Commander; Gender: male | Gave soldiers orders to pick up the bodies and hand them over to the mukhabarat and responsible for the violence in Bukamal under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 93. | Brigadier General Ghassan () AFIF () (a.k.a. Afeef) | Date of birth: 10.2.1958; Position: Commander of the 45th Regiment; Gender: male | Commander of military operations in Homs, Baniyas and Idlib under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 94. | Brigadier General Mohamed () (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) MAARUF () (a.k.a. Maarouf, Ma’ruf) | Position: Commander of the 45th Regiment; Gender: male | Commander of military operations in Homs under the former al-Assad regime. Gave orders to shoot protestors in Homs. | 23.1.2012 |
| 95. | Brigadier General Yousef () ISMAIL () (a.k.a. Ismael) | Position: Commander of the 134th Brigade; Gender: male | Gave orders to troops to shoot at houses and people on roofs during a funeral in Talbiseh for protesters killed the previous day under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 96. | Brigadier General Jamal YUNES (a.k.a. Younes) (جمال يونس) | Position: Commander of the 555th Regiment; Gender: male | Gave orders to troops to shoot at protestors in Mo’adamiyeh under the former al-Assad regime. Head of the Military Security Committee in Hama in 2018. | 23.1.2012 |
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| 98. | Brigadier General Ali () DAWWA | Gender: male | Gave orders to troops to shoot protestors in Al-Herak under the former al-Assad regime. | 23.1.2012 |
| 99. | Major General Mohamed () (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) KHADDOR () (a.k.a. Khaddour, Khaddur, Khadour, Khudour) | Date of birth: 13.1.1976; Position: Commander of the 106th Brigade, Presidential Guard; Gender: male | Gave orders to troops to beat protesters with sticks and then arrest them under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for repression of peaceful protestors in Duma. | 23.1.2012 |
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| 101. | Wafiq () (a.k.a. Wafeeq) NASSER () | Position: Head of Suwayda Regional Branch (Department of Military Intelligence); Gender: male | As Head of the Suwayda Regional Branch of the Department for Military Intelligence under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Suwayda. | 23.1.2012 |
| 102. | Ahmed () (a.k.a. Ahmad) DIBE () (a.k.a. Dib, Deeb) | Head of Deraa Regional Branch (General Security Directorate); Date of birth: 15.11.1961; Gender: male | As Head of the Deraa Regional Branch of the General Security Directorate under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for arbitrary detention and torture of detainees in Deraa. | 23.1.2012 |
| 103. | Makhmoud () (a.k.a. Mahmoud) AL-KHATTIB () (a.k.a. al-Khatib, al-Khateeb) | Position: Head of Investigative Branch (Political Security Directorate); Gender: male | As Head of the Investigative Branch of the Political Security Directorate under the former al-Assad regime, responsible for detention and torture of detainees. | 23.1.2012 |
| 104. | Mohamed () (a.k.a. Mohammad, Muhammad, Mohammed) Heikmat () (a.k.a. Hikmat, Hekmat) IBRAHIM () | Position: Major General. Head of the police of Al-Hassaka; Gender: male | Head of the police of Al-Hassaka under the former al-Assad regime. Major General. As former Head of the Operations Branch of the Political Security Directorate, was responsible for detention and torture of detainees. | 23.1.2012 |
| 105. | Nasser () (a.k.a. Naser) AL-ALI () (a.k.a. Brigadier General Nasr al-Ali) | Position: Head of the Political Security Directorate; Gender: male | Head of the Political Security Directorate since July 2019 under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for detention and torture of detainees. | 23.1.2012 |
| 106. | Dr. Wael () Nader () AL–HALQI () (a.k.a. al-Halki) | Date of birth: 1964; Place of birth: Dara’a Province, Syria; Gender: male | Former Prime Minister, in office until 3.7.2016, and former Minister of Health under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Qasyoun Private University. | 27.2.2012 |
| 107. | Mohammad Ibrahim AL-SHA’AR | Date of birth: 1.10.1956; Place of birth: Al-Haffah, Latakia, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of the Interior under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Vice Chair of the National Progressive Front of Syria. | 1.12.2011 |
| 108. | Mohammad () (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL-JLEILATI () | Date of birth: 13.6.1945; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Finance, in office until 9.2.2013 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 1.12.2011 |
| 109. | Imad () Mohammad () (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Deeb () KHAMIS () (a.k.a. Imad Mohammad Dib Khamees) | Date of birth: 1.8.1961; Place of birth: near Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Prime Minister and Former Minister of Electricity under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 23.3.2012 |
| 110. | Omar () Ibrahim () GHALAWANJI () | Date of birth: 1954; Place of birth: Tartus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Vice Prime Minister for Services Affairs under the former al-Assad regime, former Minister of Local Administration, in office until 3.7.2016. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 23.3.2012 |
| 111. | Joseph () SUWAID () | Date of birth: 1958; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least 21.1.2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Chair of the Amana wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. | 23.3.2012 |
| 112. | Hussein () (a.k.a. Hussain) Mahmoud () FARZAT () (a.k.a. Hussein Mahmud Farzat) | Date of birth: 6.9.1957; Place of birth: Hama, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 23.3.2012 |
| 113. | Mansour () Fadlallah () AZZAM () (a.k.a. Mansur Fadl Allah Azzam) | Date of birth: 15.3.1960; Place of birth: Sweida Province, Syria; Gender: male | Minister for Presidency Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 27.2.2012 |
| 114. | Emad Abdul-Ghani SABOUNI (a.k.a. Imad Abdul Ghani Al Sabuni) (عماد عبدالغني صابوني) | Date of birth: 1964; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Telecommunications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime, in office until at least April 2014. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Former Head of Planning and International Cooperation Agency (PICC). The PICC is a government agency, affiliated to the Prime Ministry and produces, in particular, the five-year plans that provide the broad guidelines for the Government’s economic and development policies. | 27.2.2012 |
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| 116. | Tayseer () Qala () AWWAD () | Date of birth: 1943; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Justice under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. Former Head of Military Court. Member of the High Judicial Council. | 23.9.2011 |
| 117. | Adnan Hassan MAHMOUD (عدنان حسن محمود) | Date of birth: 1966; Place of birth: Tartus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Syrian Ambassador to Iran until 2020. Former Minister of Information in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 23.9.2011 |
| 118. | Khalaf Souleymane ABDALLAH (a.k.a. Khalaf Sleiman al-Abdullah) | Date of birth: 1960; Place of birth: Deir ez-Zor, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Labour in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014) under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 119. | Sufian () ALLAW () | Date of birth: 8.2.1944; Place of birth: al-Bukamal, Deir Ezzor, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. | 27.2.2012 |
| 120. | Dr Adnan () SLAKHO () | Date of birth: 7.9.1955; Place of birth: Al-Malihah, Rif Dimashq, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. Former Minister of Education and current business development consultant in the Ministry of Local Administration. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. | 27.2.2012 |
| 121. | Dr Saleh () AL-RASHED () | Date of birth: 1.8.1964; Place of birth: Aleppo Province, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime and current Head of the International Relations Department at the Faculty of International Relations and Diplomacy at Al-Sham Private University. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. | 27.2.2012 |
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| 123. | Ghiath () JERAATLI () (a.k.a. Jer’atli, Jir’atli, Jiraatli) | Date of birth: 1950; Place of birth: Salamiya, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. | 23.3.2012 |
| 124. | Yousef () Suleiman () AL-AHMAD () (a.k.a. al-Ahmed) | Date of birth: 1956; Place of birth: Hasaka, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. | 23.3.2012 |
| 125. | Hassan (,) AL-SARI () | Date of birth: 1953; Place of birth: Hama, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Associated with the former al-Assad regime and its violent repression of the civilian population. | 23.3.2012 |
| 126. | Bouthaina () SHAABAN () (a.k.a. Buthaina Shaaban) | Date of birth: 1.4.1953; Place of birth: Homs, Syria; Gender: female | Political and Media Advisor to the former President since July 2008 and as such associated with the violent crackdown on the civilian population under the former al-Assad regime. | 26.6.2012 |
| 127. | Brigadier General Sha’afiq () (a.k.a. Shafiq, Shafik) MASA () (a.k.a. Massa) | Date of birth: 5.7.1956; Place of birth: Al-Zara (Hama), Syria; Gender: male | Head of Branch 215 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of detained opponents. Involved in repressive actions against the civilian population. | 24.7.2012 |
| 128. | Brigadier General Burhan () QADOUR () (a.k.a. Qaddour, Qaddur) | Gender: male | Former Head of Branch 291 (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 129. | Brigadier General Salah () HAMAD () | Gender: male | Deputy Head of Branch 291 of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 130. | Brigadier General Muhammad () (a.k.a. Mohammed) KHALLOUF () (a.k.a. Abou Ezzat) | Date of birth: 2.11.1946; Gender: male | Former (2009-2014) Head of Branch 235 a.k.a. ‘Palestine’ (Damascus) of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime, which is at the centre of the army’s apparatus of repression. Directly involved in repression of opponents. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 131. | Major General Riad () (a.k.a. Riyad) AL-AHMED () (a.k.a. al-Ahmad) | Gender: male | Deputy Head of Latakia Branch of the army’s intelligence service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture and murder of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 132. | Brigadier General Abdul-Salam Fajr MAHMOUD (عبدالسلام فجر محمود) | Date of birth: 1959 Gender: male | Head of the Security Committee of the Southern Region under the former al-Assad regime since December 2020. Former Head of the Bab Tuma (Damascus) Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service. Former Head of the Mezze Airport Air Force intelligence investigation branch. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. Under international arrest warrant for ‘complicity in acts of torture’, ‘complicity in crimes against humanity’ and ‘complicity in war crimes’. | 24.7.2012 |
| 133. | Brigadier General Jawdat () AL-AHMED () (a.k.a. al-Ahmad) | Date of birth: 8.2.1958; Place of birth: Qardaha, Lattakia province, Syria; Gender: male | Head of the Homs Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as killings of peaceful protesters. | 24.7.2012 |
| 134. | Colonel Qusay Ibrahim MIHOUB (قصي إبراهيم ميهوب) | Date of birth: 15.4.1961; Place of birth: Derghamo, Jableh, Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | High-ranking officer at the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the Deraa branch of the air force’s intelligence service (sent from Damascus to Deraa at the start of demonstrations there). Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody as well as the violent repression of peaceful protests in the southern region. | 24.7.2012 |
| 135. | Brigadier General Suhail () (a.k.a. Suheil) AL-ABDULLAH () (a.k.a. al-Abdallah) | Gender: male | Head of the Latakia Branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 136. | Brigadier General Khudr () KHUDR () | Gender: male | Head of the Latakia branch of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 137. | Brigadier General Ibrahim MA’ALA (a.k.a. Maala, Maale, Ma’la) (معلا ابراهيم, ابراهيم معلى) | Gender: male | Head of Branch 285 (Damascus) of the General Intelligence Directorate (replaced Brigadier General Hussam Fendi at the end of 2011) under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 138. | Brigadier General Firas () AL-HAMED () (a.k.a. al-Hamid) | Gender: male | Head of Branch 318 (Homs) of the General Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 139. | Major General Hussam LUQA (a.k.a. Husam, Housam, Houssam; Louqa, Louca, Louka, Luka) (حسام لوقا) | Date of birth: 20.9.1960; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Head of the Security Committee of the Southern Region from 2018 to 2020 under the former al-Assad regime. Former Head of the General Security Directorate. Major General. From April 2012 to 2 December 2018, was head of the Homs branch of the Political Security Directorate (succeeded Brigadier General Nasr al-Ali). Since 3 December 2018, head of the Political Security Directorate. Director of the General Intelligence Department since 2019. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 140. | Brigadier General Taha TAHA (طه طه) | Gender: male | Deputy assistant to the Head of the Political Security Division under the former al-Assad regime. Former site manager of the Latakia branch of the Political Security Directorate. Responsible for the torture of opponents in custody. | 24.7.2012 |
| 141. | Bassel () (a.k.a. Basel) BILAL () | Gender: male | Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison. | 24.7.2012 |
| 142. | Ahmad () (a.k.a. Ahmed) KAFAN () | Gender: male | Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison. | 24.7.2012 |
| 143. | Bassam () AL-MISRI () | Gender: male | Police officer under the former al-Assad regime at Idlib central prison; has taken part directly in acts of torture of opponents held in Idlib central prison. | 24.7.2012 |
| 144. | Major General Ahmed AL-JARROUCHEH (a.k.a. Ahmad; al-Jarousha, al-Jarousheh, al-Jaroucha, al-Jarouchah, al-Jaroucheh) (احمد الجروشة) | Date of birth: 1957; Gender: male | Former head of the foreign branch of General Intelligence (Branch 279) under the former al-Assad regime. As such, responsible for General Intelligence arrangements in Syrian embassies. | 24.7.2012 |
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| 146. | General Ghassan Jaoudat ISMAIL (a.k.a. Ismael) (غسان جودت اسماعيل) | Date of birth: 3.1.1959; Place of birth: Junaynat Ruslan – Darkoush, Tartus region, Syria; Gender: male | Former Head of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service under the former al-Assad regime. Former deputy director of the Air Force Intelligence Service and previously in charge of the missions branch of the Air Force Intelligence Service which, in cooperation with the special operations branch, manages the elite troops of the Air Force Intelligence Service, who play an important role in the repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime. As such, Ghassan Jaoudat Ismail is one of the top military leaders directly implementing the violent repression of opponents conducted by the former al-Assad regime as well as practices of disappearance of civilians. | 24.7.2012 |
| 147. | Major General Amer AL-ACHI (a.k.a. Amer Ibrahim al-Achi; Amis al Ashi; Ammar Aachi; Amer Ashi) (عامر ابراهيم العشي) | Gender: male | Former Governor of the Sweida Governorate under the former al-Assad regime, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad in July 2016. Former Head of the intelligence branch of the Syrian Air Force Intelligence Service (2012-2016). Through his role in the Air Force Intelligence Service, Amer al-Achi is implicated in the repression of the Syrian opposition. | 24.7.2012 |
| 148. | General Mohammed () (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammad) Ali () NASR () (a.k.a. Mohammed Ali Naser) | Date of birth: 8.10.1964; Gender: male | Close to Maher al-Assad, younger brother of former President Bashar al-Assad. Most of his career has been spent in the Republican Guard. In 2010 he joined the internal branch (Branch 251) of the General Intelligence Directorate which is responsible for combatting the political opposition. As one of its senior officers, General Mohammed Ali Nasr is directly involved in the repression of opponents under the former al-Assad regime. | 24.7.2012 |
| 149. | General Issam () HALLAQ () | Gender: male | Air Force Chief of Staff since 2010 under the former al-Assad regime. Commands air operations against opponents. | 24.7.2012 |
| 150. | Ezzedine () ISMAEL () (a.k.a. Ismail) | Date of birth: middle of the 1940s (probably 1947); Place of birth: Bastir, Jableh region, Syria; Gender: male | Retired general, longstanding member of the managerial staff of the Air Force Intelligence Service, of which he became the head in the early 2000s. Was appointed political and security adviser to the former President in 2006. As political and security adviser to former President Bashar al-Assad, Ezzedine Ismael is implicated in the political repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime against the opposition. | 24.7.2012 |
| 151. | Samir () (a.k.a. Sameer) JOUMAA () (a.k.a. Jumaa, Jum’a, Joum’a) (a.k.a. Abou Sami) | Date of birth: 8.3.1962; Gender: male | For almost 20 years he has been head of the office of Mohammad Nassif Kheir Bek, one of the main security advisers of former President Bashar al-Assad (and officially deputy to the Vice President, Farouk al-Sharaa). Samir Joumaa’s closeness to former President Bashar al-Assad and Mohammed Nassif Kheir Bek means that he is implicated in the policy of repression conducted by the former al-Assad regime against its opponents. | 24.7.2012 |
| 152. | Dr. Qadri () (a.k.a. Kadri) JAMIL () (a.k.a. Jameel) | Date of birth: 1952; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Vice Prime Minister for Economic Affairs, former Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
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| 155. | Dr. Mohammad () (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) Abdul-Sattar () (a.k.a. Abd al-Sattar) AL SAYED () (a.k.a. Al Sayyed) | Date of birth: 23.12.1958; Place of birth: Tartus, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Religious Endowments under the former al-Assad regime. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 156. | Hala Mohammad (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed) AL NASSER (هاله محمد الناصر) | Date of birth: 1964; Place of birth: Raqqa, Syria; Gender: female | Former Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 157. | Bassam () HANNA () | Date of birth: 1954; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Water Resources in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 158. | Subhi () Ahmad () AL ABDALLAH () (a.k.a. al-Abdullah) | Date of birth: 17.8.1951; Gender: male | Former Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian Reform under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 159. | Dr. Mohammad () (a.k.a. Muhammad, Mohamed, Mohammed) Yahiya () (a.k.a. Yehya, Yahya, Yihya, Yihia, Yahia) MOALLA () (a.k.a. Mu’la, Ma’la, Muala, Maala, Mala) | Date of birth: 1951; Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Higher Education under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 160. | Dr. Hazwan () AL WEZ () (a.k.a. Al Wazz) | Date of birth: 7.3.1962; Gender: male | Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime, appointed in July 2016. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
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| 162. | Dr. Mahmoud () Ibraheem () (a.k.a. Ibrahim) SA’IID () (a.k.a. Said, Sa’eed, Saeed) | Date of birth: 30.5.1953; Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Transport in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 163. | Dr. Safwan () AL ASSAF () | Date of birth: 13.3.1959; Gender: male | Former Minister of Housing and Urban Development under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 164. | Yasser () (a.k.a. Yaser) AL SIBA’II () (a.k.a. al-Sibai, al-Siba’i, al Sibaei) | Date of birth: 26.3.1951; Gender: male | Former Minister of Public Works under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 165. | Sa’iid () (a.k.a. Sa’id, Sa’eed, Saeed) MA’THI () (a.k.a. Mu’zi, Mu’dhi, Ma’dhi, Ma’zi, Maazi) Hneidi () | Date of birth: 5.9.1954; Gender: male | Former Minister of Oil and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 166. | Dr. Lubana () (a.k.a. Lubanah) MUSHAWEH () (a.k.a. Mshaweh, Mshawweh, Mushawweh) | Date of birth: 1955; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: female | Former Minister of Culture in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 167. | Dr Jassem Mohammad ZAKARIA (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammed, Jasem) | Date of birth: 1968 Gender: male | Former Minister of Labour and Social Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
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| 169. | Dr. Adnan () Abdo () (a.k.a. Abdou) AL SIKHNY () (a.k.a. al-Sikhni, al-Sekhny, al-Sekhni) | Date of birth: 1961; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 170. | Najm () (a.k.a. Nejm) Hamad () AL AHMAD () (a.k.a. al-Ahmed) | Gender: male | Former Minister of Justice in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 171. | Dr. Abdul-Salam () AL NAYEF () | Date of birth: 1959 Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Health in power after May 2011 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 172. | Ali HADAR (a.k.a. HAIDAR) | Date of birth: 21.7.1962; Gender: male | Head of the National Reconciliation Agency and former State Minister for National Reconciliation Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Chair of the Intifada wing of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 173. | Dr. Nazeera () (a.k.a. Nazira, Nadheera, Nadhira) Farah () SARKEES () (a.k.a. Sarkis) | Date of birth: 1962; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: female | Former State Minister for Environmental Affairs under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
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| 175. | Najm-eddin () (a.k.a. Nejm-eddin, Nejm-eddeen, Najm-eddeen, Nejm-addin, Nejm-addeen, Najm-addeen, Najm-addin) KHREIT () (a.k.a. Khrait) | Gender: male | Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 176. | Abdullah () (a.k.a. Abdallah) Khaleel () (a.k.a. Khalil) HUSSEIN () a.k.a. Hussain) | Gender: male | Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 177. | Jamal () Sha’ban () (a.k.a. Shaaban) SHAHEEN () | Gender: male | Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2012 |
| 178. | Nizar Wahbeh YAZAJI (a.k.a. Nizar Wehbe Yazigi) (نزار وهبه يازجي) | Date of birth: 1961; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Health under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 179. | Razan () OTHMAN () | Wife of Rami Makhlouf, daughter of Waleed (alias Walid) Othman; Date of birth: 31.1.1977; Place of birth: Governorate of Latakia, Syria; ID No: 06090034007 Gender: female | Razan Othman has close personal and financial relations with Rami Makhlouf, cousin of former President Bashar al-Assad and principal financer of the regime, who has been designated by the Council. As such, associated with the former al-Assad regime, and benefiting from it, notably through investments in the real estate sector. | 16.10.2012 |
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| 181. | Suleiman AL ABBAS | Gender: male | Former Oil and Mineral Resources Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 182. | Kamal Eddin TU’MA | Date of birth: 1959; Gender: male | Former Industry Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 183. | Kinda AL-SHAMMAT (a.k.a. Shmat) | Date of birth: 1973; Gender: female | Former Social Affairs Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 184. | Hassan HIJAZI | Date of birth: 1964; Gender: male | Former Minister for Labour under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 185. | Ismael ISMAEL (a.k.a. Ismail Ismail; or Isma’Il Isma’il) | Date of birth: 1955; Gender: male | Former Finance Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 186. | Dr. Khodr ORFALI (a.k.a. Khud/Khudr; Urfali/Orphaly) | Date of birth: 1956; Gender: male | Former Economy and Foreign Trade Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 187. | Samir Izzat Qadi AMIN | Date of birth: 1966; Gender: male | Former Internal Trade and Consumer Protection Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 188. | Bishr Riyad YAZIGI | Date of birth: 13.11.1972; Gender: male | Advisor to former President Bashar al-Assad. Former Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 189. | Dr. Malek () ALI () (a.k.a. Malik Ali) | Date of birth: 1956; Place of birth: Tartus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Higher Education Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 190. | Hussein ARNOUS (a.k.a. Arnus) (حسين عرنوس) | Date of birth: 1.1.1953; Place of birth: Idleb, Syria; Gender: male | Prime Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 191. | Dr. Hassib Elias SHAMMAS (a.k.a. Hasib) | Date of birth: 1957; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: male | Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 24.6.2014 |
| 192. | Hashim Anwar AL-AQQAD (a.k.a. Hashem Aqqad, Hashem Akkad, Hashim Akkad) | Date of birth: 8.8.1961; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Syrian National ID Number: 01020018085; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria, with interests and/or activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in Anwar Akkad Sons Group (AASG) and its subsidiary United Oil. AASG is a conglomerate with interests in sectors such as oil, gas, chemicals, insurance, industrial machinery, real estate, tourism, exhibitions, contracting, insurance and medical equipment. He is also a co-founder of a leading security firm (ProGuard). ProGuard is involved in al-Assad’s effort to collaborate with President Putin by recruiting soldiers for Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine. Hashim Anwar al-Aqqad also worked as a member of the Syrian Parliament as recently as 2012. Hashim Anwar al-Aqqad could not have remained successful without assistance from the former al-Assad regime. Given the extent of his business and political ties to the former al-Assad regime, he provides support to and benefits from the former al-Assad regime. | 23.7.2014 |
| 193. | Suhayl (a.k.a. Sohail, Suhail, Suheil) HASSAN (a.k.a. Hasan, al-Hasan, al-Hassan) known as ‘The Tiger’ (a.k.a. al-Nimr) | Date of birth: 10.6.1970; Place of birth: Jableh, Latakia Province, Syria; Rank: Major-General; Position: Commander of Qawat al-Nimr (Division 25 Special Mission Forces, formerly known as Tiger Forces); Gender: male | Officer of the rank of Major-General in the Syrian Army under the former al-Assad regime after May 2011. Commander of army division known as ‘Tiger Forces’. Since August 2019, ‘Tiger Forces’ has been renamed ‘Division 25 Special Mission Forces’ and placed under the army’s central command. Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 23.7.2014 |
| 194. | Amr ARMANAZI (a.k.a. Amr Muhammad Najib al-Armanazi, Amr Najib Armanazi, Amrou al-Armanazy) | Date of birth: 7.2.1944; Gender: male | Director-General of the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), responsible for providing support to the Syrian army during the al-Assad regime for the acquisition of equipment used for the surveillance and repression of demonstrators. Also responsible for the development and production of non-conventional weapons, including chemical weapons, and the missiles to deliver them. Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population; supports the former al-Assad regime. | 23.7.2014 |
| 199. | Bayan BITAR (a.k.a. Dr. Bayan al-Bitar) | Date of birth: 8.3.1947; Address: P.O. Box 11037, Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Managing Director of the Organisation for Technological Industries (OTI), and the Syrian Company for Information Technology (SCIT), which are both subsidiaries of the Syrian Ministry of Defence, which has been designated by the Council. OTI assists in the production of chemical weapons for the former al-Assad regime. As Managing Director of OTI and the SCIT, Bayan Bitar provides support to the former al-Assad regime. Due to his role in the production of chemical weapons, he also shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. In view of his senior position in these entities, he is also associated with the designated entities OTI and SCIT. | 7.3.2015 |
| 200. | Brigadier General Ghassan ABBAS | Date of birth: 10.3.1960; Place of birth: Homs, Syria; Address: CERS, Centre d’Etude et de Recherche Scientifique (a.k.a. SSRC, Scientific Studies and Research Centre; Centre de Recherche de Kaboun Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria) Gender: male | Manager of the branch of the designated Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC/CERS) near Jumraya/Jmraiya. He has been involved in the proliferation of chemical weapons and the organisation of chemical weapons attacks, including in Ghouta in August 2013. He therefore shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian population. As manager of the SSRC/CERS branch near Jumraya/Jmraiya, Ghassan Abbas provides support to the former al-Assad regime. As a result of his senior position in the SSRC, he is also associated with the designated entity SSRC. | 7.3.2015 |
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| 202. | Hassan SAFIYEH (a.k.a. Hassan Safiye) | Date of birth: 1949; Place of birth: Latakia, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 203. | George HASWANI (a.k.a. Heswani; Hasawani; Al Hasawani) | Address: Damascus Province, Yabroud, Al Jalaa St, Syria; Other information: Hesco Engineering and Construction Company Ltd is registered at the same London address as British firm, Savero Ltd.; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with interests and/or activities in the engineering, construction and oil and gas sectors. He holds interests in and/or has significant influence in a number of companies and entities in Syria, in particular HESCO Engineering and Construction Company, a major engineering and construction company. | 7.3.2015 |
| 204. | Emad HAMSHO (a.k.a. Imad Hmisho; Hamchu; Hamcho; Hamisho; Hmeisho; Hemasho, حميشو) (حمشو عماد) | Date of birth: 10.8. 1960; Address: Hamsho Building 31 Baghdad Street, Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Occupies a senior management position in Hamsho Trading. As a result of his senior position in Hamsho Trading, a subsidiary of Hamsho International, which has been designated by the Council, he provides support to the former al-Assad regime and is associated with that entity. He is vice president of the Syrian Council of Iron and Steel alongside designated al-Assad regime -linked businessmen such as Ayman Jabir. Hamsho’s assets include Syrian Metal Industries, a steel plant outside Damascus, which Hamsho has supplied with scrap metal looted by pro-government militias over the course of the war. He is also an associate of former President Bashar al-Assad. | 7.3.2015 |
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| 206. | Major General Muhamad () (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad) MAHALLA () (a.k.a. Mahla, Mualla, Maalla, Muhalla) | Date of birth: 4.6.1959; Place of birth: Jableh, Syria; Gender: male | Member of the Syria Armed Forces of the rank of Major General under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011. Former head of the Syrian Military Intelligence (SMI), Branch 293 (Internal Affairs), since April 2015. Responsible for repression of and violence against the civilian population in Damascus/Damascus Countryside. Former Deputy Head of Political Security (2012), Officer of the Syrian Republican Guard and Vice-Director of the Political Security Directorate. Former head of Military Police, Member of the National Security Bureau. | 29.5.2015 |
| 207. | Adib SALAMEH (a.k.a. Adib Salamah; Adib Salama; Adib Salame; Mohammed Adib Salameh; Adib Nimr Salameh) () | Position: Major General, Deputy Director of Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus; Date of birth: 26.11.1953; Gender: male | Member of the Syrian security and intelligence services under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011; Deputy Director of the Air Force Intelligence Directorate in Damascus; previously Head of Air Force Intelligence in Aleppo. Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011; holds the rank of Major General. Responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, through the planning of and involvement in military assaults in Aleppo and authority over the arrest and detention of civilians. | 28.10.2016 |
| 208. | Adnan Aboud HILWEH (a.k.a. Adnan Aboud Helweh; Adnan Aboud) () | Position: Brigadier General; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade in the Syrian Army under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011. As the Brigadier General of 155 Brigade and 157 Brigade, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including through his responsibility for the deployment and use of missile and chemical weapons in civilian areas in 2013 and involvement in large scale detentions. | 28.10.2016 |
| 209. | Jawdat Salbi MAWAS (a.k.a. Jawdat Salibi Mawwas; Jawdat Salibi Mawwaz) () | Position: Major General; Date of birth: 4.6.1954; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer in the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013. | 28.10.2016 |
| 210. | Tahir () Hamid () KHALIL () (a.k.a. Tahir Hamid Khali; Khalil Tahir Hamid) | Position: Major General; Date of birth: 3.7.1955; Gender: male | Holds the ranks of Major General, Head of the Syrian Artillery and Missiles Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Artillery and Missile Directorate, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the deployment of missiles and chemical weapons by Brigades under his command in highly populated civilian areas in Ghouta in 2013. | 28.10.2016 |
| 211. | Hilal HILAL (a.k.a. Hilal al-Hilal) () | Date of birth: 30.6.1966; Gender: male | Member of the regime-affiliated militias known as ‘Kataeb al-Baath’ (the Baath Party militia). Vice-Chairman of the Baath Party. Supports the former al-Assad regime through his role in the recruitment and organisation of the Baath Party militia. | 28.10.2016 |
| 212. | Ammar AL‐SHARIF (a.k.a. Amar al‐Sharif; Amar al‐Charif; Ammar Sharif; Ammar Charif; Ammar al Shareef; Ammar Sherif; Ammar Medhat Sherif) () | Date of birth: 26.6.1969; Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Syrian Passport: - number: 010312413; - issue number: 002‐15‐L093534; - date of issue: 14.7.2015; - place of issue: Damascus‐Centre; - date of expiry: 13.7.2021; National number: 060‐10276707; Gender: male | Associated with a member of the Makhlouf family (brother‐in‐law of Rami Makhlouf). | 28.10.2016 |
| 213. | Bishr AL-SABBAN (a.k.a. Mohammed Bishr al-Sabban; Bishr Mazin al-Sabban) | Date of birth: 18.3.1966; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Governor of Damascus, who was appointed by, and is associated with, former President Bashar al-Assad. Supports the former al-Assad regime and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including engaging in discriminatory practices against Sunni communities within the capital. | 28.10.2016 |
| 214. | Ahmad Sheik ABDUL-QADER (a.k.a. Ahmad Sheikh Abdul Qadir; Ahmad al-Sheik Abdulquader) () | Gender: male | Former Governor of Quneitra, associated with and appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad. Previously Governor of Latakia. Supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime, including by public support for the Syrian Armed Forces and pro-regime militia. | 28.10.2016 |
| 215. | Dr. Ghassan Omar KHALAF () | Gender: male | Former Governor of Hama, who was appointed by, and is associated with, former President Bashar al-Assad. He also supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime. Ghassan Omar Khalaf is closely associated with members of a regime-affiliated militia in Hama known as the Hama Brigade. | 28.10.2016 |
| 216. | Khayr al-Din AL-SAYYED (a.k.a. Khayr al-Din Abdul-Sattar al-Sayyed; Mohamed Khair al-Sayyed; Kheredden al-Sayyed; Khairuddin al-Sayyed; Khaireddin al-Sayyed; Kheir Eddin al-Sayyed; Kheir Eddib Asayed) () | Gender: male | Former Governor of Idlib, associated with and appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad. Benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime, including by providing support for Syrian Armed Forces and pro-regime militia. Associated with the former al-Assad regime’s Minister of Awqaf, Dr. Mohammad Abdul-Sattar al-Sayyed, who is his brother. | 28.10.2016 |
| 217. | Atef NADDAF () | Date of birth: 1956; Place of birth: Damascus countryside, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 218. | Hussein MAKHLOUF (a.k.a. Makhluf) () | Date of birth: 1964; Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime since December 2023. Former Minister of local Administration and environment. Former Governor of Damascus Governorate. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. Cousin of Rami Makhlouf. | 14.11.2016 |
| 219. | Ali AL-ZAFIR () | Date of birth: 15.5.1962; Place of birth: Tartus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 220. | Ali GHANEM () | Date of birth: 1963; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister for Petroleum and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 221. | Mohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) Ramez TOURJMAN (a.k.a. Tourjuman) () | Date of birth: 19.4.1966; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Information under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 222. | Mohammed (a.k.a. Mohamed, Muhammad, Mohammad) AL-AHMED (a.k.a. al-Ahmad) () | Date of birth: 1961; Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | Former Culture Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 223. | Ali HAMOUD (a.k.a. Hammoud) () | Date of birth: 15.9.1964; Place of birth: Tartus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Transport Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 224. | Mohammed Zuhair (a.k.a. Zahir) KHARBOUTLI () | Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Electricity Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 225. | Maamoun (a.k.a. Ma’moun) HAMDAN () | Date of birth: 27.7.1958; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Finance Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 226. | Nabil AL-HASAN (a.k.a. al-Hassan) () | Date of birth: 1963; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in July 2016. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
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| 228. | Abdullah AL-GHARBI (a.k.a. al-Qirbi) () | Date of birth: 1962; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in July 2016. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 229. | Abdullah ABDULLAH () | Date of birth: 1956; Gender: male | Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 230. | Salwa ABDULLAH () | Date of birth: 1953; Place of birth: Quneitra, Syria; Gender: female | Former Minister of social affairs and labour under the former al-Assad regime. Former State Minister. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 231. | Rafe’a Abu SA’AD (a.k.a. Saad) () | Date of birth: 1954; Place of birth: Habran village, Sweida province, Syria; Gender: male | Former State Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 232. | Wafiqa HOSNI () | Date of birth: 1952; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: female | State Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in July 2016. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 233. | Rima AL-QADIRI (a.k.a. al-Kadiri) () | Date of birth: 1963; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: female | Minister for Social Affairs under the former al-Assad regime (since August 2015). As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 14.11.2016 |
| 234. | Duraid DURGHAM | Date of birth: 27.12.1964; Gender: male | Former Governor of the Central Bank of Syria. Was responsible for providing economic and financial support to the former al-Assad regime through his functions as the Governor of the Central Bank of Syria, which is also listed. | 14.11.2016 |
| 235. | Ahmad BALLUL (a.k.a. Ahmad Muhammad Ballul; Ahmed Balol) () | Date of birth: 10.10.1954; Rank: Major General; Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Air Defence Forces; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the Syrian Arab Air and Air Defence Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the former al-Assad regime identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism. | 21.3.2017 |
| 236. | Saji’ DARWISH (a.k.a. Saji Jamil Darwish; Sajee Darwish; Sjaa Darwis) () | Date of birth: 11.1.1957; Rank: Major General, Syrian Arab Air Force; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Arab Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. As a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force and Commander of the 22nd Division until April 2017 he holds responsibility for the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, including the attack on Talmenes that the Joint Investigative Mechanism reported was conducted by Hama airfield-based regime helicopters. | 21.3.2017 |
| 237. | Muhammed IBRAHIM () | Date of birth: 5.8.1964; Rank: Brigadier General; Deputy Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade at Hama airfield; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Deputy Commander of the Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as a senior ranking officer of the Syrian Arab Air Force during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism and as Deputy Commander of the 63rd Brigade from March to December 2015, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015). | 21.3.2017 |
| 238. | Badi’ MU’ALLA () | Date of birth: 5.4.1961; Place of birth: Bistuwir, Jablah, Syria; Rank: Brigadier General; Commander of Syrian Arab Air Force 63rd Brigade; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer and Commander of 63rd Brigade of the Syrian Arab Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and, as Commander of the 63rd Brigade during the period investigated by the Joint Investigative Mechanism, is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population through the use of chemical weapons by the 63rd Brigade in Talmenes (21.4.2014), Qmenas (16.3.2015) and Sarmin (16.3.2015). | 21.3.2017 |
| 239. | Hisham Mohammad Mamdouh AL-SHA’AR (هشام محمد ممدوح الشعار) | Date of birth: 1958; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Justice Minister under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 30.5.2017 |
| 240. | Mohammad Samer Abdelrahman AL-KHALIL | Date of birth: 31.12.1977; Gender: male | Economy and Foreign Trade Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2017. | 30.5.2017 |
| 241. | Salam Mohammad AL-SAFFAF | Date of birth: 1979; Gender: female | Administrative Development Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2017. | 30.5.2017 |
| 242. | Samir DABUL (a.k.a. Samir Daaboul) | Date of birth: 4.9.1965; Rank: Brigadier General; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Brigadier General under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons. He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 243. | Ali WANUS (a.k.a. Ali Wannous) () | Date of birth: 5.2.1964; Rank: Major General; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Major General under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population and involved in the storage and deployment of chemical weapons. He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 244. | Yasin Ahmad DAHI (a.k.a. Yasin Dahi; Yasin Dhahi) () | Date of birth: 1960; Rank: Brigadier General; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Brigadier General in the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Senior officer within the Military Intelligence Directorate of the Syrian Armed Forces. Former head of Military Intelligence Branch 235 in Damascus and Military Intelligence in Homs. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. | 18.7.2017 |
| 245. | Muhammad Yousef HASOURI (a.k.a. Mohammad Yousef Hasouri; Mohammed Yousef Hasouri) (محمد يوسف حاصوري) | Rank: Brigadier General; Gender: male | Brigadier General Muhammad Hasouri is a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. He held the position as Chief of Staff of Air Force Brigade 50 and Deputy Commander of the Shayrat Airbase. Brigadier General Muhammad Hasouri operates in the chemical weapons proliferation sector and was involved in the chemical massacre in ‘Khan Sheikhoun’ of 4 April 2017. As a senior military officer, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 18.7.2017 |
| 246. | Malik HASAN (a.k.a. Malek Hassan) () | Rank: Major General; Date of birth: 1.1.1959; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 22nd Division of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force and in the chain of command of the 22nd Division, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 22nd Division, such as the attack on Talmenas that the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations reported was conducted by Hama airfield-based regime helicopters. | 18.7.2017 |
| 247. | Jayyiz Rayyan AL-MUSA (a.k.a. Jaez Sawada al-Hammoud al-Mousa; Jayez al-Hammoud al-Moussa) (جايز ريان الموسى) | Date of birth: 1954; Place of birth: Hama, Syria; Rank: Major General; Gender: male | Former Governor of Hasaka, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad; he is associated with former President Bashar al-Assad. Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and former Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime. As a senior officer of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria, including the use of chemical weapons attacks by the former al-Assad regime during his tenure as Chief of Staff of the Syrian Air Force, as identified in the report of the Joint Investigative Mechanism established by the United Nations. | 18.7.2017 |
| 248. | Mayzar ‘Abdu SAWAN (a.k.a. Meezar Sawan) () | Date of birth: 1954; Rank: Major General; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Major General, a senior officer and Commander of the 20th Division of the Syrian Air Force under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. As a senior officer in the Syrian air force he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population including attacks against civilian areas by aircraft operating from airbases under the control of the 20th Division. | 18.7.2017 |
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| 250. | Mohammad Safwan KATAN (a.k.a. Mohammad Safwan Qattan) () | Gender: male | Mohammad Safwan Katan is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. He is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. Mohammad Safwan Katan has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria. He is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 251. | Mohammad () Ziad () GHRIWATI () (a.k.a. Mohammad Ziad Ghraywati) | Gender: male | Mohammad Ziad Ghriwati is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre. He is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria. He is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 252. | Mohammad Darar KHALUDI (a.k.a. Mohammad Darar Khloudi) () | Gender: male | Mohammad Darar Khaludi is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre. He is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria. He is also associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 253. | Khaled () SAWAN () | Gender: male | Dr. Khaled Sawan is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, which is involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria. He has been associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 254. | Raymond () RIZQ () (a.k.a. Raymond Rizk) | Gender: male | Raymond Rizq is an engineer at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria. He is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 255. | Fawwaz EL‐ATOU (a.k.a. Fawaz Al Atto) () | Gender: male | Fawwaz El‐Atou is a lab technician at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria. He is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 256. | Fayez ASI (a.k.a. Fayez al‐Asi) () | Gender: male | Fayez Asi is a lab technician at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, involved in chemical weapons proliferation and delivery. He has been involved in the construction of barrel bombs which have been used against the civilian population in Syria. He is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 257. | Hala SIRHAN (a.k.a. Halah Sirhan) () | Date of birth: 5.1.1953; Title: Doctor; Gender: female | Dr. Hala Sirhan works with Syrian Military Intelligence at the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre. She operated in Institute 3000, which is involved in chemical weapons proliferation. She is associated with the Syrian Scientific Studies and Research Centre, a listed entity. | 18.7.2017 |
| 258. | Mohamed Mazen Ali YOUSEF () | Date of birth: 17.5.1969; Place of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in January 2018. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 26.2.2018 |
| 259. | Imad Abdullah SARA () | Date of birth: 1968; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Information under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in January 2018. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 26.2.2018 |
| 260. | Yusuf AJEEB (a.k.a.; Yousef; Ajib) | Position: Brigadier General; Doctor; Head of Security Office, Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC); Address: Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Holds the rank of Brigadier General, a senior officer in the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime, in post after May 2011. Since 2012, he has been Head of Security for the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), which is involved in the chemical weapons proliferation sector. As a result of his senior position as Head of Security for SSRC, he is associated with the designated entity SSRC. | 19.3.2018 |
| 261. | Maher SULAIMAN (a.k.a. ; Mahir; Suleiman) | Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Position: Doctor; Director of the Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology; Address: Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology (HIAST), P.O. Box 31983, Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Director of the Higher Institute for Applied Sciences and Technology (HIAST), which provides training and support as part of the Syrian chemical weapons proliferation sector. Due to his senior position at the HIAST, which is an affiliate and subsidiary of the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), he is associated with the HIAST and SSRC, both of which are designated entities. | 19.3.2018 |
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| 263. | Zuhair FADHLUN (a.k.a. ; Zoher; Fadloun, Fadhloun) | Position: Head of Institute 3000 (a.k.a. Institute 5000), Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC); Address: Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC), Barzeh Street, P.O. Box 4470, Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Director of the branch of the Scientific Studies and Research Centre (SSRC) that is known as Institute 3000 (a.k.a. Institute 5000). In this role, he is responsible for chemical weapons projects, including production of chemical agents and munitions. Due to his senior position at SSRC, he is associated with designated entity SSRC. | 19.3.2018 |
| 264. | Houmam JAZA’IRI (a.k.a. Humam al-Jazaeri, Hammam al-Jazairi) | Date of birth: 1977; Gender: male | Former Minister of Economy and Foreign Trade under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011, then member of the board of Syriatel (until May 2019) which is designated by the Council. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the violent repression of the Syrian people. | 21.10.2014 |
| 265. | Mohamad Amer MARDINI (a.k.a. Mohammad Amer Mardini, Mohamed Amer MARDINI, Mohamad Amer AL-MARDINI, Mohamed Amer AL-MARDINI, Mohammad Amer AL-MARDINI) | Date of birth: 1959; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Higher Education under former the al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 266. | Mohamad Ghazi JALALI (a.k.a. Mohammad Ghazi al-Jalali) | Date of birth: 1969; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 267. | Issam KHALIL | Date of birth: 1965; Place of birth: Banias, Tartus Governorate, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Culture under the former al-Assad regime, in power after May 2011 (appointed 27.8.2014). As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 21.10.2014 |
| 268. | Ghassan Ahmed GHANNAM (a.k.a. Major General Ghassan Ghannan, Brigadier General Ghassan Ahmad Ghanem) | Date of birth: 2.2.1957; Rank: Major General; Position: Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade; Gender: male | Member of the Syrian Armed Forces of the rank of Colonel and the equivalent or higher under the former al-Assad regime in post after May 2011. Major General and Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade. Associated with Maher al-Assad through his role in the 155th Missile Brigade. As Commander of the 155th Missile Brigade, he is supporting the former al-Assad regime and he is responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population. Responsible for firing scud missiles at various civilian sites between January and March 2013. | 21.10.2014 |
| 269. | Abdelhamid Khamis ABDULLAH (a.k.a. Abdulhamid Khamis Abdullah; Hamid Khamis; Abdelhamid Khamis Ahmad Adballa) | Gender: male | Chairman of Overseas Petroleum Trading Company (OPT) which has been listed by the Council for benefiting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. He coordinated shipments of oil to the former al-Assad regime with listed Syrian state oil company Sytrol. Therefore, he is benefitting from and providing support to the former al-Assad regime. In view of his position as the most senior person in the entity, he is responsible for its activities. | 21.10.2014 |
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| 271. | Khaled AL-ZUBAIDI (a.k.a. (Mohammed) Khaled/Khalid (Bassam) (al-) Zubaidi/Zubedi) (خالد الزبيدي) | Nationality: Syrian; Position: Co-owner of Zubaidi and Qalei LLC; Director of Agar Investment Company; General Manager of Al Zubaidi company and Al Zubaidi & Al Taweet Contracting Company; Director and Owner of Zubaidi Development Company; co-owner of Enjaz Investment Company; Date of birth: 10.4.1976; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria under the former al-Assad regime, with significant investments in the construction industry, including a 50 % stake in Zubaidi and Qalei LLC, which is constructing the luxury tourist city Grand Town and to which the former al-Assad regime has granted a 45-year agreement in return for 19-21 % of its revenue. Khaled al-Zubaidi benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime through his business activities, in particular through this stake in the Grand Town development. Khaled al-Zubaidi signed a (350 000 USD worth) sponsorship with a Syrian football club ‘Wihda FC’ through one of his companies ‘Hijaz Company’. Member of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Tourism since 2019. President of the Syrian-Algerian Business Council. | 21.1.2019 |
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| 275. | Major General Mohammad Khaled AL-RAHMOUN | Date of birth: 1.4.1957; Place of birth: Idleb, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of the Interior under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2018. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 4.3.2019 |
| 276. | Mohammad Rami Radwan MARTINI | Date of birth: 31.8.1970; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Tourism under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2018. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 4.3.2019 |
| 277. | Imad Muwaffaq AL-AZAB (عماد موفق العزب) | Date of birth: 1970; Place of birth: Damascus Countryside, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Education under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 4.3.2019 |
| 278. | Bassam Bashir IBRAHIM | Date of birth: 1960; Place of birth: Hama, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Higher Education under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2018. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 4.3.2019 |
| 279. | Suhail Mohammad ABDULLATIF | Date of birth: 1961; Place of birth: Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Public Works and Housing under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2018. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 4.3.2019 |
| 280. | Iyad Mohammad AL-KHATIB | Date of birth: 1974; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Communications and Technology under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2018. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 4.3.2019 |
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| 282. | Anas TALAS (a.k.a. ; Anas Talous/Tals/Tuls/Tlass) | Date of birth: 25.3.1975; Nationality: Syrian; Position: Chairperson of the Talas Group; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. Through his business activities and investments, Anas Talas also benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In 2018 the Talas Group, chaired by Anas Talas, entered into a SYP 23 billion joint venture with Damascus Cham Holding for the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime. | 21.1.2019 |
| 283. | Mohammed Nazer JAMAL EDDIN (a.k.a. Nazir Ahmad, Mohammed Jamal Eddine; Jamal Aldiyn) (محمد ناذر جمال الدين) | Date of birth: 2.1.1962; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Passport number: N 011612445, issue no. 002-17-L022286 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic); ID Number: 010-30208342 (place of issue: Syrian Arab Republic); Position: Co-founder and majority shareholder of Apex Development and Projects LLC and founder of A’ayan Company for Projects and Equipment; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime with significant investments in the construction industry, including a controlling 90 % stake in Apex Development and Projects LLC, which has entered into a USD 34,8 million joint venture for the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime. Through his participation in the Marota City development, Mohammed Nazer Jamal Eddin benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In May 2019, Jamal Eddin created ‘Trillium Private JSC’, a 15 million SYP company involved in the trade of building materials and electrical products. | 21.1.2019 |
| 284. | Mazin AL-TARAZI (a.k.a. ; Mazen al-Tarazi) (مازن الترزي) | Date of birth: 1.9.1962; Nationality: Syrian; Position: Businessperson; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with significant investments in the construction and aviation sectors. Through his investments and activities, Mazin al-Tarazi benefits from and/or supports the former al-Assad regime. In particular, Mazin al-Tarazi has concluded a deal with Damascus Cham Holding for a USD 320 million investment in the construction of Marota City, a luxury residential and commercial development backed by the former al-Assad regime. He has also been granted a licence for a private airline in Syria. In September 2019, he created ‘al-Dana Group Investments LLC’, a 25 million SYP company involved in export-import and investing in tourism facilities and commercial complexes. Mazin al-Tarazi is a member of the Syrian-Iranian Business Council (SIBC) and served as an intermediary for the Iranian regime to purchase real estate in Syria. | 21.1.2019 |
| 285. | Samer FOZ (a.k.a. Samir Foz/Fawz; Samer Zuhair Foz; Samer Foz bin Zuhair) (سامر فوز) | Date of birth: 20.5.1973; Place of birth: Homs, Syria; Nationalities: Syrian, Turkish; Turkish Passport number: U 09471711 (place of issue Turkey; expiry date 21.7.2024); Syrian national number: 06010274705; Address: Platinum Tower, office No 2405, Jumeirah Lake Towers, Dubai, UAE; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, with interests and activities in multiple sectors of Syria’s economy. Samer Foz provides financial and other support to the former al-Assad regime, including funding the Military Security Shield Forces in Syria and brokering grain deals. He also benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities through the wheat trade and reconstruction projects as a result of his links to the former regime. Samer Foz opened a sugar refining factory (‘Samer Foz Factory’) in 2021 in support of the former al-Assad regime’s objective to increase sugar production across the country. | 21.1.2019 |
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| 287. | Hussam AL QATARJI (a.k.a. Hussam/Hossam Ahmed/Mohammed/Muhammad al-Katerji) (حسام القطرجي) | Date of birth: 1.1.1982; Place of birth: Raqqa, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Position: CEO of Katerji Group (a.k.a. Al Qatarji, Al Qatarji Company/Qatirji Company/ Khatirji Group/Katerji International Group); Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, who is also a Member of the Syrian Parliament. Al Qatarji supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime through enabling, and profiting from, trade deals with the former al-Assad regime in relation to oil and wheat. Hussam Al Qatarji, with his family, has secured a license to create a new bank, the National Islamic Bank. They have also acquired a new cement plant from the government, through one of their companies, Nabd Contracting and Construction. They also expanded in the tourism sector creating Arman Hotel and Tourist Management LLC. They also entered into a joint venture with the ministry of tourism ‘Bere Aleppo Private JSC’. Hussam Al Qatarji and his family also run a militia in Aleppo. In October 2021, Qaterji’s BS Company for Oil Services signed a deal with the former al-Assad regime to supply gas stations with fuel in former al-Assad’s regime held areas. | 21.1.2019 |
| 288. | Yasser Aziz ABBAS (a.k.a. Yasser, Yaser, Yasr; Aziz, Aziz; Abbas, Abas; ياسر عزيز عباس) | Date of birth: 22.8.1978; Nationality: Syrian; Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Bajaa Trading Services LLC; Qudrah Trading; Tafawoq Tourism Projects Company; Top Business Yang King; Al-Aziz Group; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. Supports and/or benefits from the former al-Assad regime through business dealings, including fuel smuggling and weapons transfers. Yasser Aziz Abbas profits from facilitating oil imports on behalf of the former al-Assad regime and uses his relations with the former al-Assad regime to obtain preferential dealings and treatment. | 17.2.2020 |
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| 290. | Waseem AL-KATTAN (وسيم القطان) (a.k.a. Waseem, Wasseem, Wassim, Wasim; Anouar; al-Kattan, al-Katan, al-Qattan, al-Qatan; وسيم قطان, وسيم أنوار القطان) | Date of birth: 20.6.1976; Nationality: Syrian; Syrian National ID Number: 10090110187 Position: President of Damascus Countryside (Rural) Province Chamber of Commerce; Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Larosa Furniture/Furnishing; Jasmine Fields Company Ltd.; Muruj Cham (Murooj al-Cham) Investment and Tourism Group; Adam and Investment LLC; Universal Market Company LLC; Treasurer of the Federation of Syrian Chambers of Commerce; Gender: male | Leading businessperson operating in Syria benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Owner of multiple businesses and holding companies with interests and activities in various economic sectors such as real estate, the luxury hotel industry and commercial centres. Waseem al-Kattan rose rapidly as a leading businessperson by imposing taxes on goods smuggled into Eastern Ghouta under siege, and is now involved in aggressive forms of clientelism to the benefit of the former al-Assad regime. Waseem al-Kattan benefits financially from favoured access to public tenders as well as to licences and contracts awarded by government agencies as a result of his close ties to the former al-Assad regime. In 2020, al-Kattan was elected member of the Damascus Chamber of Commerce. In November 2021, al-Kattan was appointed secretary of the Federation of Syrian chambers of commerce by the Syrian Government, despite having lost elections. In 2022, al-Kattan was appointed Chairman of the Syrian-Omani Business Council. | 17.2.2020 |
| 291. | Amer FOZ (a.k.a. Amer Zuhair Fawz) (عامر فوز) | Date of birth: 11.3.1976; Place of birth: Homs, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Saint Kitts and Nevis; National no: 06010274747; Passport no: 002-14-L169340 UAE resident card: 784-1976-7135283-5 Position: Founder of District 6 Company; Founding partner of Easy life Company; Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Samer Foz; Vice Chairman of Asas Steel Company; Aman Holding; Gender: male | Leading businessperson linked to the former al-Assad regime with personal and family business interests and activities in multiple sectors of the Syrian economy. He benefits financially from access to commercial opportunities and supports the former al-Assad regime. He is also associated with his brother Samer Foz, who has been designated by the Council since January 2019 as a leading businessperson operating in Syria and for supporting or benefiting from the al-Assad regime. Together with his brother, he is engaged in various activities with ISIL (Da’esh) on behalf of the former al-Assad regime, including the provision of weapons and ammunitions in exchange for wheat and oil. | 17.2.2020 |
| 292. | Saqr RUSTOM (a.k.a. Saqr, Saqer; As’ad, Asaad, Asad; al-Rustom, al-Rostom; صقررستم, صقرأسعدالرستم) | Nationality: Syrian; Position: Head of National Defence Force in Homs; Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC; Date of birth: 4.12.1947; Gender: male | Head of the local branch of the National Defence Force in Homs under the former al-Assad regime (a regime militia – Shabiha). Responsible for its participation in the brutal repression of the civilian population in Syria. Through his militia, Saqr Rustom is responsible for multiple war profiteering schemes and is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Associated with designated person Bassam Hassan, his uncle, with whom he established the Damas Real Estate Development and Investment LLC in order to invest in real estate projects. | 17.2.2020 |
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| 294. | Khodr Ali TAHER (a.k.a. خضر علي طاهر) | Date of birth: 15.5.1976; Nationality: Syrian; Position: Director and owner of Ella Media Services; founding partner of Castle Security and Protection and of Jasmine Contracting Company; Chairperson and founding partner of the Syrian Hotel Management Company; Manager and owner of Ematel; Relatives/business associates/entities or partners/links: Citadel for Protection; Guard and Security Services (Castle Security and protection); Ematel LLC (Ematel Communications); Syrian Hotel Management Company; Jasmine Contracting Company; Gender: male | Leading businessperson linked to the former al-Assad regime operating across multiple sectors of the Syrian economy, including private security, mobile phone retail, hotel management, advertising services, domestic money transfer, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. Supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime through cooperation in his business activities and his involvement in smuggling and profiteering activities. Khodr Ali Taher owns a number of companies and has co-founded others. His involvement in business dealings with the former al-Assad regime includes entering into a joint venture with the Syrian Transport and Tourism Company, of which the Ministry of Tourism owns a two-thirds stake. | 17.2.2020 |
| 295. | Adel Anwar AL-OLABI (a.k.a. Adel Anouar el-Oulabi, Adil Anwar al-Olabi) (عادل أنور العلبي) | Date of birth: 10.1.1976; Nationality: Syrian; Position: Chairman of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC); Governor of Damascus; Gender: male | Leading businessperson benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. Chairperson of Damascus Cham Holding Company (DCHC), the investment arm of the Governorate of Damascus managing the properties of the Governorate of Damascus and implementing the Marota City project. Adel Anwar al-Olabi is also the Governor of Damascus, appointed by former President Bashar al-Assad in November 2018. As Governor of Damascus and Chair of DCHC, he is responsible for efforts to implement former al-Assad’s regime policies of developing expropriated land in Damascus (including Decree No 66 and Law No 10), most notably through the Marota City project. | 17.2.2020 |
| 296. | Talal AL-BARAZI (a.k.a. Barazi) (طلال البرازي) | Date of birth: 1963; Place of birth: Hama city, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2020 |
| 297. | Loubana MOUCHAWEH (a.k.a. Lubana, Mshaweh) (لبانة مشوّح) | Date of birth: 1955; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: female | Culture Minister under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2020 |
| 298. | Darem TABA’A (دارم طباع) | Date of birth: 7.4.1958; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Education. Appointed in August 2020 under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2020 |
| 299. | Ahmad SAYYED (a.k.a. Alsyed, al-Sayyed, al-Sayed) (أحمد السيد) | Date of birth: 1965; Place of birth: Quneitra, Syria; Gender: Male | Minister of Justice under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 16.10.2020 |
| 300. | Tammam RA’AD (a.k.a. Tamam, Raad) (تمام رعد) | Date of birth: 1965; Place of birth: Al-Qusayr, Syria; or Homs, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Hydraulic/Water Resources under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2020 |
| 301. | Kinan YAGHI (a.k.a. Kenan, Yagi) (كنان ياغي) | Date of birth: 1976; Place of birth: Salmiya, Hama countryside, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Finance under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2020 |
| 302. | Zuhair KHAZIM (a.k.a. Zouhair) (زهير خزيم) | Date of birth: 1963; Place of birth: Ain al-Tinah, Syria; or Lattakia, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Transport under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 16.10.2020 |
| 303. | Bassam TOU’MA (a.k.a. TU’MA) (بسام طعمة) | Date of birth: 1969; Place of birth: Safita, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of oil and mineral resources under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 304. | Hassan GHABACHE (a.k.a. GHOBASH, AL-GHABBASH) (حسن غباشة) | Date of birth: 1971 Place of birth: Damascus, Syria Gender: male | Minister of health under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 305. | Ziyad SABBAGH (زياد صباغ) | Date of birth: 1960; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Industry under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 306. | Mohammad Hassan QATANA (حسن قطانة) | Place of birth: Damascus, Syria Gender: male | Minister of Agriculture and Agrarian reform under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 307. | Ghassan ZAMEL (a.k.a. AL-ZAMIL, AL-ZAMEL) (غسان زامل) | Date of birth: 1963 Place of birth: Damascus, Syria Gender: male | Minister of Electricity under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 308. | Mohamad (a.k.a. Mohammad) Fayez BARCHA (a.k.a. AL-BARSHA, AL-BARASHA) (محمد فايز برشة) | Date of birth: 1955; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 309. | Malloul (a.k.a. Maloul) HUSSEIN (a.k.a. AL-HUSSEIN) (ملول حسين) | Date of birth: 1950; Place of birth: Al-Hasakah Governorate, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 310. | Mohammad Samir HADDAD (محمد سمير حداد) | Date of birth: 1956; Place of birth: Tartus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 6.11.2020 |
| 311. | Faisal MEKDAD (a.k.a. Fayçal, al-Mekdad, Meqdad, al-Meqdad) (فيصل المقداد) | Date of birth: 1954; Place of birth: Ghasm, Daraa Governorate, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of Foreign Affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in November 2020. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression against the civilian population. | 15.1.2021 |
| 312. | Amr SALEM (عمرو سالم) | Date of birth: January 1958; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Former Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. As a former Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 15.11.2021 |
| 313. | Boutros AL-HALLAQ (بطرس الحلاق) | Place of birth: Damascus countryside, Syria; Gender: male | Minister of information under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 15.11.2021 |
| 314. | Mohammad SEIFEDDINE (a.k.a. Seif Eddin, Seif El Din) (محمد سيف الدين) | Gender: male | Minister of Labour and social affairs under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 15.11.2021 |
| 315. | Diala BARAKAT (ديالا بركات) | Date of birth: 1980; Gender: female | Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in August 2021. As a Government Minister, shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 15.11.2021 |
| 316. | Andrey Nikolaevich TROSHEV (a.k.a. Andrei Mykolayvych TROSHEV) Андрей Николаевич ТРОШЕВ | Position(s): Retired colonel, Founding member and Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group; Rank: Retired Colonel; Call sign: Siedoy; Date of birth: 5.4.1953; Place of birth: Leningrad, former USSR (now Russian Federation); Nationality: Russian; Relatives/Associates: Dimitriy Utkin (Wagner Group Founder); Andrey Bogatov (Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group), Aleksandr Sergeevich Kuznetsov (Commander of the 1st Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group); Gender: male | Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group, which operates in Syria and trains and directs Syrian forces. The Wagner Group also supports the former al-Assad regime and fights alongside al-Assad-regime-affiliated militias and the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime. Andrey Troshev is directly involved in the military operations of the Wagner Group in Syria. He was particularly involved in the area of Deir ez-Zor. As such, he provides a crucial contribution to Bashar al-Assad’s war effort and therefore supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime. | 13.12.2021 |
| 317. | Andrey Mikhailovich BOGATOV (a.k.a. Andrei Mychailovych BOGATOV) Андрей Михайлович БОГАТОВ | Position(s): Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group; Call sign: Brodiaga; Wagner group ID: M-1601; Date of birth: 14.6.1964; Place of birth: Stary Oskol, Belgorod region, former USSR (now Russian Federation); Nationality: Russian; Relatives/Associates: Dimitriy Utkin (Wagner Group Founder); Andrey Nikolaevich Troshev (Founding member and Executive Director (Chief of Staff) of the Wagner Group), Aleksandr Sergeevich Kuznetsov (Commander of the 1st Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group); Gender: male | Head of the 4th Attack and Reconnaissance Company of the Wagner Group, which operates in Syria and trains and directs Syrian forces. The Wagner Group also supports the former al-Assad regime and fights alongside regime-affiliated militias and the Syrian army during the former al-Assad regime. Andrey Bogatov commands the operations of the Wagner Group and is directly involved in the military operations of the Wagner Group in Syria. He was particularly involved in the battle of Palmyra. As such, he provides a crucial contribution to Bashar al-Assad’s war effort and therefore supports and benefits from the former al-Assad regime. | 13.12.2021 |
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| 319. | Ghada Adib MHANNA غاده أديب مهنا | Gender: Female DOB: 22.5.1948 | Widow of Mohammed Makhlouf. Member of the Makhlouf family. | 21.2.2022 |
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| 321. | Kinda Mohammed MAKHLOUF كندا محمد مخلوف | Gender: Female DOB: 25.9.1977 | Daughter of Mohammed Makhlouf. Member of the Makhlouf family. | 21.2.2022 |
| 322. | Sara Mohammed MAKHLOUF ساره محمد مخلوف | Date of birth: 2.9.1980; Gender: female | Daughter of Mohammed Makhlouf. Member of the Makhlouf family. | 21.2.2022 |
| 323. | Saleh AL-ABDULLAH () | DOB: 1967 POB: Safita, Tartus, Syria Position: Brigadier General Gender: male | Saleh al-Abdullah is the commander of the 16th Brigade affiliated with the command of Russian forces in Syria since 2020. He was previously the deputy of Brigadier General Suhail al-Hassan, in the 25th Division of the Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime. He is involved in the recruitment of members of the 16th Brigade to fight in Ukraine alongside Russia. In this capacity, Saleh al-Abdullah is a member of the Syrian Armed Forces under the former al-Assad regime of the rank of ‘colonel’ and the equivalent or higher in post after May 2011. | 21.7.2022 |
| 324. | Ahmed KHALIL KHALIL (a.k.a. Ahmed KHALIL, Ahmad Khalil Khalil) (احمد خليل خليل) | Date of birth: 1969; Place of birth: Qayrun; Gender: male | Ahmed Khalil Khalil is the co-owner of Sanad Protection and Security Services, a Syrian private security company established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group in Syria, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, the company is active in the recruitment of Syrian mercenaries to Libya and Ukraine. As such, Ahmed Khalil Khalil supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it. | 21.7.2022 |
| 325. | Nasser Deeb DEEB (a.k.a. Nasser Dhib, Nasser Dib, Nasser Deeb) (ناصر ديب) | Date of birth: 21.2.1974; Place of birth: Baniyas, Tartus, Syria; Syrian National ID Number: 10090110187; Gender: male | Nasser Deeb Deeb is the co-owner of Sanad Protection and Security Services, a Syrian private security company established in 2017 and supervised by the Wagner Group, active in the protection of Russian interests (phosphates, gas and securing oil sites) in Syria. The exploitation of natural resources provides revenues to the former al-Assad regime. In addition, he is also co-owner of the company Ella Services together with Khodr Ali Taher. In this capacity, Nasser Deeb Deeb supports the former al-Assad regime and benefits from it. | 21.7.2022 |
| 326. | Issam SHAMMOUT (a.k.a. Mohammed Issam Shammout, Mohamed Essam Shammout, Muhammad Issam Shammout, Muhammad Essam Shammout) (محمد عصام شموط) | Date of birth: 26.8.1971 Place of birth: 232, Tanzeem Kafarsus, Damascus, Syria Gender: male | Issam Shammout is the owner and chairman of the board of directors of the airline ‘Cham Wings’ and head of the Shammout Group, active in the automotive, steel, aviation, freight forwarding, construction, and real estate sectors. Cham Wings transported weapons for the former al-Assad regime. In this capacity, Issam Shammout is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime. | 21.7.2022 |
| 327. | Wasim Badia AL-ASSAD وسيم بديع الأسد | Date of birth: 18.7.1980; Place of birth: Qardaha/Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Wasim Badia al-Assad is Bashar al-Assad’s cousin; he is therefore a member of the Assad family. Wasim Badia al-Assad is also involved in the production and trafficking of Captagon. In particular, he has been involved in the production of Captagon and is responsible for drug shipments. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 328. | Samer Kamal AL-ASSAD a.k.a. ‘Samir’ سامر كمال الأسد | Date of birth: 19.5.1973; Place of birth: Qardaha, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Samer Kamal al-Assad is a member of the Assad family. He operates in the context of the narcotics trade, in particular in its production. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 329. | Mudar Rifaat AL-ASSAD a.k.a. ‘Rifa’at’ مضر رفعت الأسد | Date of birth: 12.2.1964; Place of birth: Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Mudar Rifaat al-Assad is Bashar al-Assad’s cousin; he is therefore a member of the Assad family. | 24.4.2023 |
| 330. | Mohammad SHALISH محمد شاليش | Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Mohammad Shalish has close ties to the former al-Assad regime. He is linked to drug operations and more specifically to the Captagon trade in the Lattakia region. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 331. | Waseem Omar AL-MASALMA وسيم عمر المسالمة | Date of birth: 27.8.1981; Place of birth: Bosra Al-Sham/Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Waseem Omar al-Masalma is a leader of a regime-affiliated militia. Waseem Omar al-Masalma is involved in the former al-Assad’s regime-led trade in Captagon in Southern Syria, especially in Deraa. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 332. | Amer Tayseer KHITI عامرتيسير خيتي | Date of birth: 31.7.1980; Place of birth: Duma/Rif Dimashq Governorate/Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Amer Tayseer Khiti is a leading businessperson operating in Syria with interests in real estate, construction and industry. He has close ties to the Assad family. He is a supporter of former President al-Assad and organised rallies for him. Amer Tayseer Khiti is also involved in Captagon smuggling operations and bought up real estate in order to invest in packaging facilities used for drug smuggling. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 333. | Abdellatif HAMID a.k.a. ‘Hamida’ عبد اللطيف حميدة | Date of birth: 1.12.1977; Place of birth: Aleppo, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Abdellatif Hamid has close ties to the Assad family. Abdellatif Hamid owns a factory in Aleppo that has been implicated in Captagon production and trafficking. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 334. | Nouh ZAITER Noah ZAITER Noah ZAYTAR نوح زعيتر | Date of birth: 1977; Place of birth: Zahle, Lebanon; Nationality: Lebanese; Gender: male | Nouh Zaiter is associated with members of the Assad family. He is involved in the trafficking of Captagon in Lebanon and Syria. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 335. | Taher AL-KAYALI طاهر الكيالي | Date of birth: 11.7.1960; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Taher al-Kayali is a Syrian businessperson who owns several companies including Neptunus LLC. Through his companies, he is involved in the production and trafficking of Captagon, especially in terms of transportation from the port of Latakia. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 336. | Imad Abu ZUREIQ Emad Abu ZURAIQ Imad Abu ZREIK عماد أبو زريق | Date of birth: 9.2.1979; Place of birth: Nasib, Daraa (Syria); Nationality: Syrian; Suspected location: Daraa, Syria; Gender: male | Imad Abu Zureiq is a leading member of a former al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia in Southwest Syria that reports directly to the Syrian regime’s Military Security branch. Currently his militia profits from the war economy, including the trafficking in Captagon. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
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| 338. | Hassan Muhammad DAQQOU حسن محمد دقو | Date of birth: 17.1.1978; Place of birth: Tfail, Lebanon; Nationality: Syrian/Lebanese; Gender: male | Hassan Muhammad Daqqou has close ties with the Fourth Division of the Syrian Army during the former al-Assad regime. Daqqou has established a wide drug trafficking network in Lebanon and Syria and built Captagon manufacturing plants close to the Syrian-Lebanese border. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 339. | Jihad BARAKAT جهاد بركات | Date of birth: 4.3.1964; Place of birth: Qardahah/Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Jihad Barakat is, through marriage, associated with the Assad family. He is also leader of a regime-affiliated militia and continues to hold different military and intelligence functions for the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 340. | Raji FALHOUT راجي فلحوط | Date of birth: 3.10.1985; Place of birth: Atil, Syria; Position: al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia leader; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Raji Falhout leads an al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia that is associated with the Syrian Military Intelligence. Raji Falhout is also involved in drug trafficking linked to Captagon. The Captagon trade has become a business model led by the former al-Assad regime, enriching the inner circle of the former al-Assad regime and forming its lifeline. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 341. | Muhammad ABDO ASSAAD a.k.a. Asa’ad محمد عبده أسعد | Date of birth: 19.7.1975; Place of birth: Ain Tineh, Damascus Countryside, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Address: Assaad Building, Main Street, Ain Tineh, Damascus Countryside; Other identifying information: Father: Abdo Assaad; Gender: male | Muhammad Abdo Assaad is the leader of the Hosn al-Watan militia, which fought on behalf of the former al-Assad regime. Most recently, he has founded the Aman for Protection and Security LLC, which offers private security services and operates as a shell company for the Hosn al-Watan militia. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 342. | Samer AL-DIBIS سامر الدبس (a.k.a. Samer AL-DIBS, Samir) | Date of birth: 30.3.1962; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Address: Naher Street, Rawda, Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Samer al-Dibis is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, active in several sectors of the economy, especially in the chemical industry and in real estate. He is a member of the Board of Directors of the Syrian-Chinese Business Council and the chairman of the Damascus and Rural Damascus Chamber of Industry. He is also a member of Parliament and a close associate of Maher al-Assad. In these functions Samer al-Dibis benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 343. | Ali Najib IBRAHIM علي نجيب إبراهيم (a.k.a. Ali Najeeb IBRAHIM) | Date of birth: 1991; Position: businessperson; Nationality: Syrian; Address: Al-Malki, Damascus, Syria; Gender: male | Ali Najib Ibrahim is a leading businessperson operating in Syria linked to the former al-Assad regime, active also in the telecommunications sector. He owns several shell companies, which have been linked to the former al-Assad regime in attempts to circumvent sanctions. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 344. | Jamal ISMAIL a.k.a. Ismael جمال إسماعيل | Nationality: Syrian; Associated entities: Military Intelligence Directorate; Gender: male | Jamal Ismail was the commander of Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013 when his unit killed at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (‘Tadamon massacre’). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 24.4.2023 |
| 345. | Jamal AL-KHATIB جمال الخطيب | Associated entities: Military Intelligence Directorate | Jamal al-Khatib was a commanding officer in Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013 when he participated in the killing of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (‘Tadamon massacre’). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 24.4.2023 |
| 346. | Osama AL-MALIKI a.k.a. Usama أسامة المالكي | Date of birth: 10.2.1963; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Address: Villa 98, Sharqiyyat, Jazira al-Khamisa, Qura al-Assad, Damascus Coutryside, Syria; Other identifying information: Father: Mohammad al-Maliki – محمد المالكي Gender: male | Osama al-Maliki is majority owner of Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC. Al-Jabal Security and Protection LLC acts as a shell company to allow for the continuation of activities of the Saraya al-Areen 313 militia, a former al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia. Osama al-Maliki therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 347. | Fadi SAQR فادي أحمد (a.k.a. Fady SAKR, Fadi SAQER, Fadi SAQIR) | Date of birth: 1975 Place of birth: Jablah, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Fadi Saqr is a leader of the ‘National Defense Forces’ (NDF) militia in Damascus that has fought on behalf of the former al-Assad regime since at least 2012. Fadi Saqr therefore is a member of an al-Assad-regime-affiliated militia. Fadi Saqr was part of the chain of command in the massacre of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon on 13 April 2013 (‘Tadamon massacre’) under the former al-Assad regime. He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 24.4.2023 |
| 348. | Ahmad Ali TAHER احمد علي طاهر | Date of birth: 1.1.1982; Nationality: Syrian; Address: Damascus, Mazze, Western Villas, Saraya 36 Building, 3rd Floor; Associated individuals: Brother: Khodr Taher; Associated entities: Castle Security and Protection LLC; Other identifying information: Father: Ali Taher; Gender: male | Ahmad Ali Taher owns shares in Castle Security and Protection LLC, which operates as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, led by Maher al-Assad. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 349. | Amjad YOUSSEF a.k.a. Yusuf, Yousef أمجد يوسف | Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Amjad Youssef is a Warrant Officer in the Syrian Military Intelligence Directorate under the former al-Assad regime. He was a member of Branch 227 of the Military Intelligence Directorate of the former al-Assad regime on 13 April 2013, when he participated in the killing of at least 41 civilians in the town of Tadamon (‘Tadamon massacre’). He is therefore responsible for the violent repression of the civilian population in Syria. | 24.4.2023 |
| 350. | Osama RAMADAN a.k.a. Usama أسامة رمضان | Date of birth: 19.12.1973; Nationality: Syrian; Address: Damascus, Mazze, Western Villas, Saraya 36 Building, 3rd Floor; Business Associate: Ahmad Ali Taher; Associated entities: Castle Security and Protection LLC; Other identifying information: Father: Hassan Ramadan; Gender: male | Osama Ramadan owns shares in Castle Security and Protection LLC, which operates as a shell company for the Fourth Division of the Syrian Arab Army, led by the Maher al-Assad. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 351. | Ali Mhanna SULEIMAN علي مهنا سليمان | Date of birth: 2.3.1987; Place of birth: Al-Raml, Kherbet Maaza, Tartus, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Address: Tartus, Khirbit Maaza, 36th Estate, Ghaya Estate Area; National ID Number: 10040018920; Father’s Name: Mhanna; Mother’s Name: Insaf; Gender: male | Ali Suleiman was the leader of the Sahab Regiment of a Syrian Arab Army division known as ‘Tiger Forces’. He is a close associate of Suhayl Hassan. He has been involved in financing the former al-Assad regime, including through the smuggling of fuel. He also benefits from his association with the former al-Assad regime, such as from opportunities in real estate development. He therefore benefits from and supports the former al-Assad regime. | 24.4.2023 |
| 352. | Fereydoun Mohammadi SAGHAEI فریدون محمدﻯ سقایی | Date of birth: 1964; Nationality: Iranian; Gender: male | Fereydoun Mohammadi Saghaei is Deputy Commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) Aerospace Force. He is in charge of the IRGC’s air defence project in Syria. That project takes place within the context of Iran supporting the former al-Assad regime by sending military equipment and personnel to Syria. Therefore, Fereydoun Mohammadi Saghaei is supporting the former al-Assad regime. | 20.7.2023 |
| 353. | Mahmoud al-Dj | Date of birth: 26.7.1983; Place of birth: Tell Rifaat, Aleppo, Syria; Nationality: Syrian/Libyan; Gender: male | Mahmoud al-Dj is a leading businessperson operating in Syria under the former al-Assad regime, who owns several companies active in different sectors such as logistics and tourism. He facilitates illicit transactions between regime-affiliated persons and entities in Syria and Eastern Libya, including in relation to narcotics, and the shipments of arms and mercenaries. His position is enabled through his close ties with the former al-Assad regime, from which he and his businesses are benefitting. His activities, on the other hand, support the former al-Assad regime and enable it to access illicit revenues. He is therefore benefiting from, and providing support to, the former al-Assad regime. | 22.1.2024 |
| 354. | Yasser Hussein Ibrahim a.k.a. Yassar Hussein Ibrahim يسار حسين إبراهيم | Date of birth: 9.4.1983; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Yasser Ibrahim is an economic advisor to Bashar al-Assad and acts in the economic council run by Asma al-Assad. Together with Ali Najib Ibrahim he operates a number of shell companies, and acts as a front for business activities of Bashar al-Assad and Asma al-Assad. Therefore, Yasser Ibrahim is benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. | 22.1.2024; |
| 355. | Bilal al-Naal (a.k.a. al-Na’al) | Date of birth:14.4.1975; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Bilal al-Naal is a founder and partner of multiple trading and investment companies in Syria. He is a member of the Syrian-Russian Business Council making him instrumental in the economic ties between Russia and the former al-Assad regime. Al-Naal is also a member of the Syrian parliament and former member of the Damascus governorate council. Therefore, Bilal al-Naal is a leading business person in Syria, who is in this capacity supporting and benefiting from the former al-Assad regime. He is also associated with Fadi Saqr, Cham Holding and Bishr al-Sabban. | 22.1.2024 |
| 356. | Fahad Darwish (a.k.a. Fahd/Fahed) | Date of birth:1955; Place of birth: Damascus, Syria; Nationality: Syrian/Iranian; Gender: male | Fahd Darwish is President of the Joint Syrian-Iranian Chamber of Commerce. In addition, Darwish owns and runs multiple businesses in Syria active in different sectors such as trading and pharmaceuticals. Therefore, Darwish is a leading businessperson operating in Syria, who is, in this capacity, supporting and benefitting from the former al-Assad regime. | 22.1.2024 |
| 357. | Mohannad al-Dabbagh | Date of birth: 6.3.1967; Nationality: Syrian/Iranian; Gender: male | Mohannad al-Dabbagh is a cousin of Asma al-Assad. He co-owns Takamol LLC, a company responsible for managing the electronic ‘smart card program’ used since 2014 to distribute subsidised food and other products in Syria under the umbrella of the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection. In particular, Takamol LLC earns a fee for every transaction operated through the smart card. Mohannad al-Dabbagh is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. | 22.1.2024 |
| 358. | Firas al-Akhras | Date of birth: 1.3.1978; Place of birth: London, United Kingdom; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Firas al-Akhras is the brother of Asma al-Assad. He is co-owner of the Takamol LLC company responsible for managing the electronic ‘smart card program’ used since 2014 to distribute subsidised food and other products in Syria, under the umbrella of the Ministry of Domestic Trade and Consumer Protection. In particular, Takamol LLC earns a fee for every transaction operated through the smart card. Firas al-Akhras is therefore benefitting from and supporting the former al-Assad regime. | 22.1.2024 |
| 359. | Louai Emad El-Din al-MUNAJJID لؤي عماد الدين المنجد | Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Minister of Internal Trade and Consumer Protection under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in September 2024. Former Minister of Social Affairs and Labor. As a Government Minister, Louai Emad El-Din al-Munajjid shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 25.11.2024 |
| 360. | Firas Hassan QADDOUR فيراس حسان قدور | Date of birth: 1962; Place of birth: Damascus; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2023 and re-appointed in September 2024. As a Government Minister, Firas Hassan Qaddour shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 25.11.2024 |
| 361. | Ahmed Mohammad BUSTAJI أحمد بوسته جي | Place of birth: Idleb; Nationality: Syrian; Gender: male | Minister of State under the former al-Assad regime. Appointed in March 2023 and re-appointed in September 2024. As a Government Minister, Ahmed Mohammad Bustaji shares responsibility for the former al-Assad regime’s violent repression of the civilian population. | 25.11.2024 |
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