LegalizeDirective 2014/45/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on periodic roadworthiness tests for motor vehicles and their trailers and repealing Directive 2009/40/EC Text with EEA relevance
| 1.4.1. Performance | Apply the brake during a test on a brake tester. | Brake inoperative on one side or, in the case of testing on the road, the vehicle deviates excessively from a straight line. | X | ||
| 1.4.1. Performance | Apply the brake during a test on a brake tester. | Less than 50 % of the braking effort values as referred to in point 1.4.2 reached in relation to the vehicle mass during testing. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| 1.4.2. Efficiency | Test with a brake tester. If not possible, then by a road test using either an indicating or deceleration recording instrument or with the vehicle on a slope of known gradient. | Does not give, for all vehicles, a braking ratio of at least 16 % in relation to the maximum authorized mass or, for motor vehicles, of at least 12 % in relation to the maximum authorised combination mass of the vehicle, whichever is the greater. | X | ||
| 1.4.2. Efficiency | Test with a brake tester. If not possible, then by a road test using either an indicating or deceleration recording instrument or with the vehicle on a slope of known gradient. | Less than 50 % of the above braking effort values reached. | X | ||
| 1.5. Endurance braking system performance | Visual inspection and, where possible, test whether the system functions. | (a) No gradual variation of efficiency (not applicable to exhaust brake systems). | X | ||
| 1.5. Endurance braking system performance | Visual inspection and, where possible, test whether the system functions. | (b) System not functioning. | X | ||
| 1.6. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (a) Warning device malfunctioning. | X | ||
| 1.6. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (b) Warning device shows system malfunction. | X | ||
| 1.6. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (c) Wheel speed sensors missing or damaged. | X | ||
| 1.6. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (d) Wirings damaged. | X | ||
| 1.6. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (e) Other components missing or damaged. | X | ||
| 1.6. Anti-lock braking system (ABS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (f) System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| 1.7. Electronic brake system (EBS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (a) Warning device malfunctioning. | X | ||
| 1.7. Electronic brake system (EBS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (b) Warning device shows system malfunction. | X | ||
| 1.7. Electronic brake system (EBS) | Visual inspection and inspection of warning device and/or using electronic vehicle interface. | (c) System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface. | X | ||
| 1.8. Brake fluid | Visual inspection | Brake fluid contaminated or sedimented. | X | ||
| 1.8. Brake fluid | Visual inspection | Imminent risk of failure. | X |
2. STEERING
2.1. Mechanical condition
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | (a) Roughness in operation of gear. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | (b) Sector shaft twisted or splines worn. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | Affecting functionality. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | (c) Excessive wear in sector shaft. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | Affecting functionality. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | (d) Excessive movement of sector shaft. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | Affecting functionality. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | (e) Leaking. | X | ||
| 2.1.1. Steering gear condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheels off the ground or on turntables, rotate the steering wheel from lock to lock. Visual inspection of the operation of the steering gear. | Formation of drops. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | (a) Steering gear casing not properly attached. | X | ||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | Attachments dangerously loose or relative movement to chassis/bodywork visible. | X | ||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | (b) Elongated fixing holes in chassis. | X | ||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | Attachments seriously affected. | X | ||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | (c) Missing or fractured fixing bolts. | X | ||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | Attachments seriously affected. | X | ||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | (d) Steering gear casing fractured. | X | ||
| 2.1.2. Steering gear casing attachment | With vehicle on a pit or hoist and the weight of the vehicle road wheels on the ground, rotate steering/handle bar wheel clockwise and anticlockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of the attachment of gear casing to chassis. | Stability or attachment of casing affected. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (a) Relative movement between components which should be fixed. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | Excessive movement or likely to unlink. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (b) Excessive wear at joints. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | A very serious risk of unlinking. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (c) Fractures or deformation of any component. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | Affecting function. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (d) Absence of locking devices. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (e) Misalignment of components (e.g. track rod or drag link). | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (f) Unsafe modification3. | X | ||
| 2.1.3. Steering linkage condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti- clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | Affecting function. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (g) Dust cover damaged or deteriorated. | X | ||||
| Dust cover missing or severely deteriorated. | X | ||||
| 2.1.4. Steering linkage operation | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti-clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (a) Moving steering linkage fouling a fixed part of the chassis. | X | ||
| 2.1.4. Steering linkage operation | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and with the road wheel on the ground, rock steering wheel clockwise and anti-clockwise or using a specially adapted wheel play detector. Visual inspection of steering components for wear, fractures and security. | (b) Steering stops not operating or missing. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | (a) Fluid leak or functions affected. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | (b) Insufficient fluid (below MIN mark). | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | Insufficient reservoir. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | (c) Mechanism not working. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | Steering affected. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | (d) Mechanism fractured or insecure. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | Steering affected. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | (e) Misalignment or fouling of components. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | Steering affected. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | (f) Unsafe modification3. | X | ||
| 2.1.5. Power steering | Check steering system for leaks and hydraulic fluid reservoir level (if visible). With the road wheels on the ground and with the engine running, check that the power steering system is operating. | Steering affected. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (g) Cables/hoses damaged, excessively corroded. | X | ||||
| Steering affected. | X |
2.2. Steering wheel, column and handle bar
| 2.2.1. Steering wheel/handle bar condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (a) Relative movement between steering wheel and column indicating looseness. | X | ||
| 2.2.1. Steering wheel/handle bar condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | Very serious risk of unlinking. | X | ||
| 2.2.1. Steering wheel/handle bar condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (b) Absence of retaining device on steering wheel hub. | X | ||
| 2.2.1. Steering wheel/handle bar condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | Very serious risk of unlinking. | X | ||
| 2.2.1. Steering wheel/handle bar condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (c) Fracture or looseness of steering wheel hub, rim or spokes. | X | ||
| 2.2.1. Steering wheel/handle bar condition | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | Very serious risk of unlinking. | X | ||
| 2.2.2. Steering column/yokes and forks and steering dampers | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/ handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (a) Excessive movement of centre of steering wheel up or down. | X | ||
| 2.2.2. Steering column/yokes and forks and steering dampers | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/ handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (b) Excessive movement of top of column radially from axis of column. | X | ||
| 2.2.2. Steering column/yokes and forks and steering dampers | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/ handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (c) Deteriorated flexible coupling. | X | ||
| 2.2.2. Steering column/yokes and forks and steering dampers | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/ handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (d) Attachment defective. | X | ||
| 2.2.2. Steering column/yokes and forks and steering dampers | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/ handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | Very serious risk of unlinking. | X | ||
| 2.2.2. Steering column/yokes and forks and steering dampers | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist and the mass of the vehicle on the ground, push and pull the steering wheel in line with column, push steering wheel/ handle bar in various directions at right angles to the column/forks. Visual inspection of play, and condition of flexible couplings or universal joints. | (e) Unsafe modification3 | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| 2.3. Steering play | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, the mass of the vehicle on the road wheels, the engine, if possible, running for vehicles with power steering and with the road wheels in the straight-ahead position, lightly turn the steering wheel clockwise and anti-clockwise as far as possible without moving the road wheels. Visual inspection of free movement. | Free play in steering excessive (for example, movement of a point on the rim exceeding one fifth of the diameter of the steering wheel or not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 2.3. Steering play | With the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, the mass of the vehicle on the road wheels, the engine, if possible, running for vehicles with power steering and with the road wheels in the straight-ahead position, lightly turn the steering wheel clockwise and anti-clockwise as far as possible without moving the road wheels. Visual inspection of free movement. | Safe steering affected. | X | ||
| 2.4. Wheel alignment (X)2 | Check alignment of steered wheels with suitable equipment. | Alignment not in accordance with vehicle manufacturer's data or requirements1. | X | ||
| 2.4. Wheel alignment (X)2 | Check alignment of steered wheels with suitable equipment. | Straight on driving affected; directional stability impaired. | X | ||
| 2.5. Trailer steered axle turntable | Visual inspection or using a specially adapted wheel play detector | (a) Component slightly damaged. | X | ||
| 2.5. Trailer steered axle turntable | Visual inspection or using a specially adapted wheel play detector | Component heavily damaged or cracked. | X | ||
| 2.5. Trailer steered axle turntable | Visual inspection or using a specially adapted wheel play detector | (b) Excessive play. | X | ||
| 2.5. Trailer steered axle turntable | Visual inspection or using a specially adapted wheel play detector | Straight on driving affected; directional stability impaired. | X | ||
| 2.5. Trailer steered axle turntable | Visual inspection or using a specially adapted wheel play detector | (c) Attachment defective. | X | ||
| 2.5. Trailer steered axle turntable | Visual inspection or using a specially adapted wheel play detector | Attachment seriously affected. | X | ||
| 2.6. Electronic Power Steering (EPS) | Visual inspection and consistency check between the angle of the steering wheel and the angle of the wheels when switching on/off the engine, and/or using the electronic vehicle interface | (a) EPS malfunction indicator lamp (MIL) indicates any kind of failure of the system. | X | ||
| 2.6. Electronic Power Steering (EPS) | Visual inspection and consistency check between the angle of the steering wheel and the angle of the wheels when switching on/off the engine, and/or using the electronic vehicle interface | (b) Inconsistency between the angle of the steering wheel and the angle of the wheels. | X | ||
| 2.6. Electronic Power Steering (EPS) | Visual inspection and consistency check between the angle of the steering wheel and the angle of the wheels when switching on/off the engine, and/or using the electronic vehicle interface | Steering affected. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (c) Power assistance not working. | X | ||||
| (d) System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface. | X |
3. VISIBILITY
| 3.1. Field of vision | Visual inspection from driving seat. | Obstruction within driver's field of view that materially affects his view in front or to the sides (outside cleaning area of windscreen wipers). | X | ||
| 3.1. Field of vision | Visual inspection from driving seat. | Inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers affected or outer mirrors not visible. | X | ||
| 3.2. Condition of glass | Visual inspection. | (a) Cracked or discoloured glass or transparent panel (if permitted) (outside cleaning area of windscreen wipers). | X | ||
| 3.2. Condition of glass | Visual inspection. | Inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers affected or outer mirrors not visible. | X | ||
| 3.2. Condition of glass | Visual inspection. | (b) Glass or transparent panel (including reflecting or tinted film) that does not comply with specifications in the requirements1, (outside cleaning area of windscreen wipers). | X | ||
| 3.2. Condition of glass | Visual inspection. | Inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers affected or outer mirrors not visible. | X | ||
| 3.2. Condition of glass | Visual inspection. | (c) Glass or transparent panel in unacceptable condition. | X | ||
| 3.2. Condition of glass | Visual inspection. | Visibility through inside cleaning area of windscreen wipers heavily affected. | X | ||
| 3.3. Rear-view mirrors or devices | Visual inspection. | (a) Mirror or device missing or not fitted according to the requirements1 (at least two rear-view devices available). | X | ||
| 3.3. Rear-view mirrors or devices | Visual inspection. | Fewer than two rear-view devices available. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (b) Mirror or device slightly damaged or loose. | X | ||||
| Mirror or device inoperative, heavily damaged, loose or insecure. | X | ||||
| (c) Necessary field of vision not covered. | X | ||||
| 3.4. Windscreen wipers | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Wipers not operating or missing or not in accordance with the requirements1 | X | ||
| 3.4. Windscreen wipers | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Wiper blade defective. | X | ||
| 3.4. Windscreen wipers | Visual inspection and by operation. | Wiper blade missing or obviously defective. | X | ||
| 3.5. Windscreen washers | Visual inspection and by operation. | Washers not operating adequately (lack of washing fluid but pump operating or water-jet misaligned). | X | ||
| 3.5. Windscreen washers | Visual inspection and by operation. | Washers not operating. | X | ||
| 3.6. Demisting system (X)2 | Visual inspection and by operation. | System inoperative or obviously defective. | X |
4. LAMPS, REFLECTORS AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
4.1. Headlamps
| 4.1.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Defective or missing light/light source.(multiple light/light sources; in the case of LED, up to 1/3 not functioning). | X | ||
| 4.1.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Single light/light sources; in the case of LED, seriously affected visibility. | X | ||
| 4.1.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Slightly defective projection system (reflector and lens). | X | ||
| 4.1.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Heavily defective or missing projection system (reflector and lens). | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (c) Lamp not securely attached. | X | ||||
| 4.1.2. Alignment | Determine the horizontal aim of each headlamp on dipped beam using a headlamp aiming device or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (a) Aim of a headlamp not within limits laid down in the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.1.2. Alignment | Determine the horizontal aim of each headlamp on dipped beam using a headlamp aiming device or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (b) System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface. | X | ||
| 4.1.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface | (a) Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1 (Number of headlamps illuminated at the same time) | X | ||
| 4.1.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface | Maximum permitted light brightness to the front exceeded. | X | ||
| 4.1.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface | (b) Function of control device impaired. | X | ||
| 4.1.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface | (c) System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface. | X | ||
| 4.1.4. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.1.4. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Products on lens or light source which obviously reduce light brightness or change emitted colour. | X | ||
| 4.1.4. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | (c) Light source and lamp not compatible. | X | ||
| 4.1.5. Levelling devices (where mandatory) | Visual inspection and by operation, if possible, or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (a) Device not operating. | X | ||
| 4.1.5. Levelling devices (where mandatory) | Visual inspection and by operation, if possible, or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (b) Manual device cannot be operated from driver's seat. | X | ||
| 4.1.5. Levelling devices (where mandatory) | Visual inspection and by operation, if possible, or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (c) System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| 4.1.6. Headlamp cleaning device (where mandatory) | Visual inspection and by operation if possible. | Device not operating. | X | ||
| 4.1.6. Headlamp cleaning device (where mandatory) | Visual inspection and by operation if possible. | In the case of gas-discharging lamps. | X |
4.2. Front and rear position lamps, side marker lamps, end outline marker lamps and daytime running lamps
| 4.2.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Defective light source. | X | ||
| 4.2.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Defective lens. | X | ||
| 4.2.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (c) Lamp not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.2.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Very serious risk of falling off. | X | ||
| 4.2.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.2.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | Rear position lamps and side marker lamps can be switched off when headlamps are on. | X | ||
| 4.2.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Function of control device impaired. | X | ||
| 4.2.3. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.2.3. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | Red light to the front or white light to the rear; heavily reduced light brightness. | X | ||
| 4.2.3. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Products on lens or light source which reduce light, brightness or change emitted colour. | X | ||
| 4.2.3. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | Red light to the front or white light to the rear; heavily reduced light brightness. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous |
4.3. Stop Lamps
| 4.3.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Defective light source(multiple light source in the case of LED up to 1/3 not functioning). | X | ||
| 4.3.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Single light sources; in the case of LED less than 2/3 functioning. | X | ||
| 4.3.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | All light sources not functioning. | X | ||
| 4.3.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Slightly defective lens (no influence on emitted light). | X | ||
| 4.3.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Heavily defective lens (emitted light affected). | X | ||
| 4.3.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (c) Lamp not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.3.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Very serious risk of falling off. | X | ||
| 4.3.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (a) Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.3.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface. | Delayed operation. | X | ||
| 4.3.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface. | No operation at all. | X | ||
| 4.3.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (b) Function of control device impaired. | X | ||
| 4.3.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (c) System indicates failure via the electronic vehicle interface. | X | ||
| 4.3.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation or using the electronic vehicle interface. | (d) Emergency brake light functions fail to operate, or do not operate correctly. | X | ||
| 4.3.3. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.3.3. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | White light to the rear; heavily reduced light brightness. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous |
4.4. Direction indicator and hazard warning lamps
| 4.4.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Defective light source (multiple light source in the case of LED up to 1/3 not functioning). | X | ||
| 4.4.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Single light sources; in the case of LED less than 2/3 functioning. | X | ||
| 4.4.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Slightly defective lens (no influence on emitted light). | X | ||
| 4.4.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Heavily defective lens (emitted light affected). | X | ||
| 4.4.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (c) Lamp not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.4.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Very serious risk of falling off. | X | ||
| 4.4.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.4.2. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | No operation at all. | X | ||
| 4.4.3. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.4.4. Flashing frequency | Visual inspection and by operation. | Rate of flashing not in accordance with the requirements1.(frequency more than 25 % deviating). | X |
4.5. Front and rear fog lamps
| 4.5.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Defective light source. (multiple light source in the case of LED up to 1/3 not functioning). | X | ||
| 4.5.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Single light sources; in the case of LED less than 2/3 functioning. | X | ||
| 4.5.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Slightly defective lens (no influence on emitted light). | X | ||
| 4.5.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Heavily defective lens (emitted light affected). | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (c) Lamp not securely attached. | X | ||||
| Very serious risk of falling off or dazzling oncoming traffic. | X | ||||
| 4.5.2. Alignment (X)2 | By operation and using a headlamp aiming device | Front fog lamp out of horizontal alignment when the light pattern has cut-off line (cut-off line too low). | X | ||
| 4.5.2. Alignment (X)2 | By operation and using a headlamp aiming device | Cut-off line above that for dipped beam headlamps. | X | ||
| 4.5.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.5.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | Not operative. | X | ||
| 4.5.4. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1 | X | ||
| 4.5.4. Compliance with requirements1. | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) System does not operate in accordance with the requirements1 | X |
4.6. Reversing lamps
| 4.6.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Defective light source. | X | ||
| 4.6.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Defective lens. | X | ||
| 4.6.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (c) Lamp not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.6.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Very serious risk of falling off. | X | ||
| 4.6.2. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Lamp, emitted colour, position, brightness or marking not in accordance with the requirements1 | X | ||
| 4.6.2. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) System does not operate in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| 4.6.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | Switch does not operate in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.6.3. Switching | Visual inspection and by operation. | Reversing lamp can be switched on with gear not in reverse position. | X |
4.7. Rear registration plate lamp
| 4.7.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) Lamp throwing direct or white light to the rear. | X | ||
| 4.7.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Defective light source. (Multiple light source). | X | ||
| 4.7.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Defective light source. (Single light source). | X | ||
| 4.7.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | (c) Lamp not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.7.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Very serious risk of falling off. | X | ||
| 4.7.2. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | System does not operate in accordance with the requirements1. | X |
4.8. Retro-reflectors, conspicuity (retro reflecting) markings and rear marking plates
| 4.8.1. Condition | Visual inspection. | (a) Reflecting equipment defective or damaged. | X | ||
| 4.8.1. Condition | Visual inspection. | Reflecting affected. | X | ||
| 4.8.1. Condition | Visual inspection. | (b) Reflector not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.8.1. Condition | Visual inspection. | Likely to fall off. | X | ||
| 4.8.2. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection. | Device, reflected colour or position not in accordance with the requirements1 | X | ||
| 4.8.2. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection. | Missing or reflecting red colour to the front or white colour to the rear. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous |
4.9. Tell-tales mandatory for lighting equipment
| 4.9.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Not operating. | X | ||
| 4.9.1. Condition and operation | Visual inspection and by operation. | Not operating for main beam headlamp or rear fog lamp. | X | ||
| 4.9.2. Compliance with requirements1 | Visual inspection and by operation. | Not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.10. Electrical connections between towing vehicle and trailer or semi-trailer | Visual inspection: if possible examine the electrical continuity of the connection. | (a) Fixed components not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.10. Electrical connections between towing vehicle and trailer or semi-trailer | Visual inspection: if possible examine the electrical continuity of the connection. | Loose socket. | X | ||
| 4.10. Electrical connections between towing vehicle and trailer or semi-trailer | Visual inspection: if possible examine the electrical continuity of the connection. | (b) Damaged or deteriorated insulation. | X | ||
| 4.10. Electrical connections between towing vehicle and trailer or semi-trailer | Visual inspection: if possible examine the electrical continuity of the connection. | Likely to cause a short-circuit fault. | X | ||
| 4.10. Electrical connections between towing vehicle and trailer or semi-trailer | Visual inspection: if possible examine the electrical continuity of the connection. | (c) Trailer or towing vehicle electrical connections not functioning correctly. | X | ||
| 4.10. Electrical connections between towing vehicle and trailer or semi-trailer | Visual inspection: if possible examine the electrical continuity of the connection. | Trailer brake lights not working at all. | X | ||
| 4.11. Electrical wiring | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, including inside the engine compartment (if applicable). | (a) Wiring insecure or not adequately secured. | X | ||
| 4.11. Electrical wiring | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, including inside the engine compartment (if applicable). | Fixings loose, touching sharp edges, connectors likely to be disconnected. | X | ||
| 4.11. Electrical wiring | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, including inside the engine compartment (if applicable). | Wiring likely to touch hot parts, rotating parts or the ground, connectors disconnected (relevant parts for braking, steering). | X | ||
| 4.11. Electrical wiring | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, including inside the engine compartment (if applicable). | (b) Wiring slightly deteriorated. | X | ||
| 4.11. Electrical wiring | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, including inside the engine compartment (if applicable). | Wiring heavily deteriorated. | X | ||
| 4.11. Electrical wiring | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, including inside the engine compartment (if applicable). | Wiring extremely deteriorated (relevant parts for braking, steering). | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (c) Damaged or deteriorated insulation. | X | ||||
| Likely to cause a short-circuit fault. | X | ||||
| Imminent risk of fire, formation of sparks. | X | ||||
| 4.12. Non obligatory lamps and retro-reflectors (X)2 | Visual inspection and by operation. | (a) A lamp/retro-reflector fitted not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.12. Non obligatory lamps and retro-reflectors (X)2 | Visual inspection and by operation. | Emitting/reflecting red light to the front or white light to the rear. | X | ||
| 4.12. Non obligatory lamps and retro-reflectors (X)2 | Visual inspection and by operation. | (b) Lamp operation not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||
| 4.12. Non obligatory lamps and retro-reflectors (X)2 | Visual inspection and by operation. | Number of headlights simultaneously operating exceeding permitted light brightness; Emitting red light to the front or white light to the rear. | X | ||
| 4.12. Non obligatory lamps and retro-reflectors (X)2 | Visual inspection and by operation. | (c) Lamp/retro-reflector not securely attached. | X | ||
| 4.12. Non obligatory lamps and retro-reflectors (X)2 | Visual inspection and by operation. | Very serious risk of falling off. | X | ||
| 4.13. Battery(ies) | Visual inspection. | (a) Insecure. | X | ||
| 4.13. Battery(ies) | Visual inspection. | Not properly attached; likely to cause a short-circuit fault. | X | ||
| 4.13. Battery(ies) | Visual inspection. | (b) Leaking. | X | ||
| 4.13. Battery(ies) | Visual inspection. | Loss of hazardous substances. | X | ||
| 4.13. Battery(ies) | Visual inspection. | (c) Defective switch (if required). | X | ||
| 4.13. Battery(ies) | Visual inspection. | (d) Defective fuses (if required). | X | ||
| 4.13. Battery(ies) | Visual inspection. | (e) Inappropriate ventilation (if required). | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous |
5. AXLES, WHEELS, TYRES AND SUSPENSION
5.1. Axles
| 5.1.1. Axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (a) Axle fractured or deformed. | X | ||
| 5.1.1. Axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (b) Insecure fixing to vehicle. | X | ||
| 5.1.1. Axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Stability impaired, functionality affected: Extensive movement relative to its fixtures. | X | ||
| 5.1.1. Axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (c) Unsafe modification3. | X | ||
| 5.1.1. Axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Stability impaired, functionality affected, insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts or to the ground. | X | ||
| 5.1.2. Stub axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle. | (a) Stub axle fractured. | X | ||
| 5.1.2. Stub axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle. | (b) Excessive wear in the swivel pin and/or bushes. | X | ||
| 5.1.2. Stub axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle. | Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired. | X | ||
| 5.1.2. Stub axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle. | (c) Excessive movement between stub axle and axle beam. | X | ||
| 5.1.2. Stub axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle. | Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired. | X | ||
| 5.1.2. Stub axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle. | (d) Stub axle pin loose in axle. | X | ||
| 5.1.2. Stub axles | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Apply a vertical or lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of movement between the axle beam and stub axle. | Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired. | X | ||
| 5.1.3. Wheel bearings | Visual inspection with the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Rock the wheel or apply a lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of upward movement of the wheel relative to the stub axle. | (a) Excessive play in a wheel bearing. | X | ||
| 5.1.3. Wheel bearings | Visual inspection with the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Rock the wheel or apply a lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of upward movement of the wheel relative to the stub axle. | Directional stability impaired; danger of demolishment. | X | ||
| 5.1.3. Wheel bearings | Visual inspection with the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Rock the wheel or apply a lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of upward movement of the wheel relative to the stub axle. | (b) Wheel bearing too tight, jammed. | X | ||
| 5.1.3. Wheel bearings | Visual inspection with the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes. Rock the wheel or apply a lateral force to each wheel and note the amount of upward movement of the wheel relative to the stub axle. | Danger of overheating; danger of demolishment. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous |
5.2. Wheels and tyres
| 5.2.1. Road wheel hub | Visual inspection. | (a) Any wheel nuts or studs missing or loose. | X | ||
| 5.2.1. Road wheel hub | Visual inspection. | Missing fixing or loose to an extent which very seriously affects road safety. | X | ||
| 5.2.1. Road wheel hub | Visual inspection. | (b) Hub worn or damaged. | X | ||
| 5.2.1. Road wheel hub | Visual inspection. | Hub worn or damaged in such a way that secure fixing of wheels is affected. | X | ||
| 5.2.2. Wheels | Visual inspection of both sides of each wheel with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. | (a) Any fracture or welding defect. | X | ||
| 5.2.2. Wheels | Visual inspection of both sides of each wheel with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. | (b) Tyre retaining rings not properly fitted. | X | ||
| 5.2.2. Wheels | Visual inspection of both sides of each wheel with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. | Likely to come off. | X | ||
| 5.2.2. Wheels | Visual inspection of both sides of each wheel with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. | (c) Wheel badly distorted or worn. | X | ||
| 5.2.2. Wheels | Visual inspection of both sides of each wheel with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. | Secure fixing to hub affected; secure fixing of tyre affected. | X | ||
| 5.2.2. Wheels | Visual inspection of both sides of each wheel with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. | (d) Wheel size, technical design, compatibility or type not in accordance with the requirements1 and affecting road safety. | X | ||
| 5.2.3. Tyres | Visual inspection of the entire tyre by either rotating the road wheel with it off the ground and the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, or by rolling the vehicle backwards and forwards over a pit. | (a) Tyre size, load capacity, approval mark or speed category not in accordance with the requirements1 and affecting road safety. | X | ||
| 5.2.3. Tyres | Visual inspection of the entire tyre by either rotating the road wheel with it off the ground and the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, or by rolling the vehicle backwards and forwards over a pit. | Insufficient load capacity or speed category for actual use, tyre touches other fixed vehicle parts impairing safe driving. | X | ||
| 5.2.3. Tyres | Visual inspection of the entire tyre by either rotating the road wheel with it off the ground and the vehicle over a pit or on a hoist, or by rolling the vehicle backwards and forwards over a pit. | (b) Tyres on same axle or on twin wheels of different sizes. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (c) Tyres on same axle of different construction (radial/ cross-ply). | X | ||||
| (d) Any serious damage or cut to tyre. | X | ||||
| Cord visible or damaged. | X | ||||
| (e) Tyre tread wear indicator becomes exposed. | X | ||||
| Tyre tread depth not in accordance with the requirements1. | X | ||||
| (f) Tyre rubbing against other components (flexible anti spray devices). | X | ||||
| Tyre rubbing against other components (safe driving not impaired) | X | ||||
| (g) Re-grooved tyres not in accordance with requirements1. | X | ||||
| Cord protection layer affected. | X | ||||
| (h) Tyre pressure monitoring system malfunctioning or tyre obviously underinflated. | X | ||||
| Obviously inoperative. | X |
5.3. Suspension system
| 5.3.1. Springs and stabiliser | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (a) Insecure attachment of springs to chassis or axle. | X | ||
| 5.3.1. Springs and stabiliser | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Relative movement visible. fixings very seriously loose. | X | ||
| 5.3.1. Springs and stabiliser | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (b) A damaged or fractured spring component. | X | ||
| 5.3.1. Springs and stabiliser | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Main spring (-leaf), or additional leafs very seriously affected. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| (c) Spring missing | X | ||||
| Main spring (-leaf), or additional leafs very seriously affected. | X | ||||
| (d) Unsafe modification3 | X | ||||
| Insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts; spring system inoperative. | X | ||||
| 5.3.2. Shock absorbers | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist or using special equipment, if available. | (a) Insecure attachment of shock absorbers to chassis or axle. | X | ||
| 5.3.2. Shock absorbers | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist or using special equipment, if available. | Shock absorber loose. | X | ||
| 5.3.2. Shock absorbers | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist or using special equipment, if available. | (b) Damaged shock absorber showing signs of severe leakage or malfunction. | X | ||
| 5.3.2.1. efficiency testing of damping (X)2 | Use special equipment and compare left/right differences | (a) Significant difference between left and right. | X | ||
| 5.3.2.1. efficiency testing of damping (X)2 | Use special equipment and compare left/right differences | (b) Given minimum values not reached. | X | ||
| 5.3.3. Torque tubes, radius arms, wishbones and suspension arms | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (a) Insecure attachment of component to chassis or axle. | X | ||
| 5.3.3. Torque tubes, radius arms, wishbones and suspension arms | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired. | X | ||
| 5.3.3. Torque tubes, radius arms, wishbones and suspension arms | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (b) A damaged or excessively corroded component. | X | ||
| 5.3.3. Torque tubes, radius arms, wishbones and suspension arms | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Stability of component affected or component fractured. | X | ||
| 5.3.3. Torque tubes, radius arms, wishbones and suspension arms | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (c) Unsafe modification3. | X | ||
| 5.3.3. Torque tubes, radius arms, wishbones and suspension arms | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Insufficient clearance to other vehicle parts; system inoperative. | X | ||
| Item | Method | Reasons for failure | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies | Assessment of deficiencies |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Minor | Major | Dangerous | |||
| 5.3.4. Suspension joints | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (a) Excessive wear in swivel pin and/or bushes or at suspension joints. | X | ||
| 5.3.4. Suspension joints | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Likelihood of loosening; directional stability impaired. | X | ||
| 5.3.4. Suspension joints | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | (b) Dust cover severely deteriorated. | X | ||
| 5.3.4. Suspension joints | Visual inspection with vehicle over a pit or on a hoist. Wheel play detectors may be used and are recommended for vehicles having a maximum mass exceeding 3,5 tonnes | Dust cover missing or fractured. | X | ||
| 5.3.5. Air suspension | Visual inspection | (a) System inoperable. | X | ||
| 5.3.5. Air suspension | Visual inspection | (b) Any component damaged, modified or deteriorated in a way that would adversely affect the functioning of the system. | X | ||
| 5.3.5. Air suspension | Visual inspection | Functioning of system seriously affected. | X | ||
| 5.3.5. Air suspension | Visual inspection | (c) Audible system leakage. | X |
6. CHASSIS AND CHASSIS ATTACHMENTS
6.1. Chassis or frame and attachments
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