Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/655 of 19 December 2016 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to monitoring of gaseous pollutant emissions from in-service internal combustion engines installed in non-road mobile machinery (Text with EEA relevance. )

• 2.1.1.For engines tested under this Regulation that are not designed to have a communication interface capable to provide torque and speed data in accordance with Table 1 of Appendix 7 the instantaneous proxy power shall be calculated using the procedure described in Appendix 10 prior to applying the procedure in this Appendix.

• 2.2.The following additional steps shall be conducted:

• 2.2.1.Non-working events shorter than D0 shall be considered as working events and merged with the surrounding working events (see Table 2 for the values of D0).

• 2.2.2.Working events shorter than D0 surrounded by non-working events of duration longer than D1 shall be considered non-working events and merged with the surrounding non-working events (see Table 2 for the values of D1)

- 2.2.3.The take-off phase following long non-working events (> D2) for engines equipped with an after-treatment device used for NOx reduction and exhaust gas temperature measurement in accordance with note (4) to the Table of Appendix 2 shall also be considered as a non-working event until the exhaust gas temperature reaches 523 K. If the exhaust gas temperature does not reach 523 K within D3 minutes, all events after D3 shall be considered as working events (see Table 2 for the values of D2 and D3).

• 2.2.4.For all non-working events, the first D1 minutes of the event shall be considered as working event.

3. ‘Machine work’ marking algorithm to implement the requirements of point 2

Point 2 shall be implemented in the sequence set out in points 3.1 to 3.4

3.1.   Step 1: Detect and split into working events and non-working events.

• (a) identify the working events and non-working events in accordance with point 2.1;

• (b) calculate the duration of non-working events;

- (c) mark the non-working events shorter than D0 as working events;

• (d) calculate the duration of the working events.

3.2.   Step 2: Merge short working events (≤ D0) into non-working events.

Mark as non-working events those working events shorter than D0 that are both preceded and followed by remaining non-working events of duration longer than D1.

3.3.   Step 3: Exclude working events after long non-working events (take-off phase).

Where point 2.2.3 is applicable, mark as non-working events those working events after long non-working events (> D2) until either;

- (a) the exhaust gas temperature reaches 523 K; or

• (b) D3 minutes have elapsed; whatever happens first.

3.4.   Step 4: Include non-working events after working events.

Include D1 minutes of non-working event following any working event as part of that working event.

Table 2

Values for the parameters D0, D1, D2 and D3

| Parameters | Value |

| --- | --- | | D0 | 2 minutes | | D1 | 2 minutes | | D2 | 10 minutes | | D3 | 4 minutes |

4.1.   Exclusions of non-working data at the end of Step 1

Image omitted; see official source

4.2.   Exclusions of non-working data at the end of Step 2

Image omitted; see official source

4.3.   Exclusions of non-working data at the end of Step 3

Image omitted; see official source

4.4.   End of Step 4 — Final

Image omitted; see official source

Appendix 5

Gaseous pollutant emissions calculations

1. Calculation of the instantaneous gaseous pollutant emissions

The instantaneous mass of the gaseous pollutant emissions shall be calculated on the basis of the instantaneous concentration of the gaseous pollutant emissions measured during the in-service monitoring test and in accordance with the procedure set out in Section 2 or Section 3 of Annex VII to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654.

2. Determination of averaging windows' gaseous pollutant emissions and conformity factors

2.1.   Averaging window method

2.1.1.   General requirements

Averaging window is the sub-set of the complete calculated data set during the in-service monitoring test whose work or CO2 mass is equal to the engine work or CO2 mass measured over the reference laboratory test cycle.The mass of the gaseous pollutant emissions and the conformity factors shall be calculated using the moving averaging window method, based on the reference work (procedure set out point 2.2) and the reference CO2 mass (procedure set out in point 2.3) measured over the reference laboratory test cycle.

The engine power versus time and averaging window gaseous pollutant emissions, starting from the first averaging window.

The calculations shall be conducted in accordance with the following sub-points:

• (a) any data excluded, under the terms of Appendix 4, shall not be considered for the calculations of the work or CO2 mass and the gaseous pollutant emissions and conformity factors of the averaging windows, except as required by point 4(f) of this Appendix;

• (b) the moving averaging window calculations shall be conducted with a time increment Δt equal to the data sampling period. The start of the moving average window shall be incremented by that amount at each iteration;

- (c) the mass of the gaseous pollutant emissions for each averaging window (mg/averaging window) shall be obtained by integrating the mass of the instantaneous gaseous pollutant emissions in the averaging window;

- (d) in the case of engines with an ECU that were designed with a communication interface intended to permit the collection of the engine torque and speed data as specified in Table 1 of Appendix 7, the calculations shall be conducted and results reported for both the work based method and the CO2 mass-based method. In all other cases the calculations shall be performed, and results reported, for only the CO2 mass-based method.

Figure 4

Engine power versus time and averaging window gaseous pollutant emissions, starting from the first averaging window, versus time

Image omitted; see official source

2.1.2.   Reference values

The reference work and reference CO2 mass of an engine type, or for all engine types within the same engine family, shall be determined as follows:

• (a) for engines in ISM groups A and C those values from the hot-start NRTC run of the type-approval test of the parent engine as specified in points 11.3.1 and 11.3.2 of the addendum to the EU type approval certificate of the engine type or the engine family, as set out in Annex IV to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/656;

- (b) for engines in ISM group H those values from the LSI-NRTC run of the type-approval test of the parent engine;

- (c) for engines in ISM groups not listed in sub-points (a) or (b) those values determined from the type-approval test result of the parent engine using the method set out in Appendix 9.

2.2.   Work based method

Figure 5

Work-based method

Image omitted; see official source

The duration (t 2, i – t 1, i) of the i^th averaging window is determined by:

W(t 2, i) – W(t 1, i) ≥ Wref

Where:

• — W(t j,i) is the engine work measured between the start and time t j,i, kWh,

• — Wref is the engine reference work determined according to point 2.1.2, kWh,

• — t 2, i shall be selected such that:

W(t

2, i – Δt) – W(t 1, i) < W ref ≤ W(t 2, i) – W(t 1, i)

Where Δt is the data sampling period, equal to 1 second or less.

2.2.1.   Calculations of the brake specific gaseous pollutant emissions

The brake-specific gaseous pollutant emissions egas (g/kWh) shall be calculated for each averaging window and each gaseous pollutant in the following way:

Image omitted; see official source

Where:

- — mi is the mass emission of the gaseous pollutant during the i^th averaging window, g/averaging window,

• — W(t 2, i) – W(t 1, i) is the engine work during the i^th averaging window, kWh.

2.2.2.   Selection of valid averaging windows

The valid averaging windows are the averaging windows whose average power exceeds the power threshold of 20 % of the reference power, as defined in Article 3, point (26), of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 and listed in Annex I to that Regulation for each engine (sub-)category, for the engine type subject to ISM test, except for engines of category ATS where the reference power is the power at intermediate speed as defined in Section 5.2.5.4, point (f) of Annex VI to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654. The percentage of valid averaging windows shall be equal or greater than 50 %.

• 2.2.2.1.If the percentage of valid windows is less than 50 %, the data evaluation shall be repeated using lower power thresholds. The power threshold shall be reduced from 20 % in steps of 1 % until the percentage of valid windows is equal to or greater than 50 %.

- 2.2.2.2.In any case, the lower power threshold shall not be lower than 10 %.

• 2.2.2.3.The test shall be considered void if the percentage of valid averaging windows is less than 50 % at a power threshold of 10 %.

2.2.3.   Calculations of the conformity factors

The conformity factors shall be calculated for each individual valid averaging window and each individual gaseous pollutant in the following way:

Image omitted; see official source

Where:

- — egas is the brake-specific emission of the gaseous pollutant, g/kWh;

- — L is the applicable limit, g/kWh.

2.3.   CO2 mass-based method

Figure 6

CO2 mass-based method

Image omitted; see official source

The duration (t 2, i – t 1, i) of the i^th averaging window is determined by:

Image omitted; see official source

Where:

• — Image omitted; see official source is the CO2 mass measured between the test start and time t j,i, g;

• — Image omitted; see official source is the reference CO2 mass determined in Grams (g) in accordance with point 2.1.2,

• — t 2, i shall be selected such as:

Image omitted; see official source

Where Δt is the data sampling period, equal to 1 second or less.

The CO2 masses are calculated in the averaging windows by integrating the instantaneous gaseous pollutant emissions calculated in accordance with the requirements introduced in point 1.

2.3.1.   Selection of valid averaging windows

The valid averaging windows shall be those whose duration does not exceed the maximum duration calculated from:

Image omitted; see official source

Where:

• — Dmax is the maximum averaging window duration, s,

• — Pmax is the reference power, as defined in Article 3, point (26), of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628, kW, and listed in Annex I to that Regulation for each engine (sub-)category, for the engine type subject to ISM test, except for engines of category ATS where the reference power is the power at intermediate speed as defined in Section 5.2.5.4., point (f), of Annex VI to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654. The percentage of valid averaging windows shall be equal or greater than 50 %.

• 2.3.1.1.If the percentage of valid windows is less than 50 %, the data evaluation shall be repeated using longer window durations. This is achieved by decreasing the value of 0,2 in the formula given in point 2.3.1 by steps of 0,01 until the percentage of valid windows is equal to or greater than 50 %.

- 2.3.1.2.In any case, the lowest value in the above formula shall not be lower than 0,10.

• 2.3.1.3.The test shall be void if the percentage of valid windows is less than 50 % at a maximum window duration calculated in accordance with points 2.3.1., 2.3.1.1. and 2.3.1.2.

2.3.2.   Calculations of the conformity factors

The conformity factors shall be calculated for each individual averaging window and each individual pollutant in the following way:

Image omitted; see official source

With

Image omitted; see official source

(in service ratio) and

Image omitted; see official source

(certification ratio)

Where:

• — mi is the mass emission of the gaseous pollutant during the i^th averaging window, g/averaging window,

• — Image omitted; see official source is the CO2 mass during the i^th averaging window, g/averaging window,

• — Image omitted; see official source is the reference engine CO2 mass determined in accordance with point 2.1.2, sub-point (g),

• — mL is the mass emission of gaseous pollutant corresponding to the applicable limit on the reference test cycle, g.

mL is determined as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

Where:

- — L is the applicable limit, g/kWh;

• — Wref is the engine reference work determined in accordance with point 2.1.2, kWh.

3. Rounding of gaseous pollutant emissions calculations

In accordance with Standard ASTM E 29-06b (Standard Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications), the final test results shall be rounded in one step to the number of places to the right of the decimal point indicated by the applicable exhaust emissions limit values set out in Article 18(2) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 plus one additional significant figure.

The following results shall be reported in accordance with point 10 of this Annex:

• (a) the instantaneous concentration of the gaseous pollutant emissions measured during the in-service monitoring test;

• (b) the average of the concentration of the gaseous pollutant emissions for the whole in-service monitoring test;

• (c) the instantaneous mass of the gaseous pollutant emissions calculated in accordance to point 1;

• (d) the integrated mass of the gaseous pollutant emissions for the whole in-service monitoring test, calculated as the addition of the mass of the instantaneous gaseous pollutant emissions calculated in accordance to point 1;

- (e) the distribution of the conformity factors for the valid windows, calculated in accordance with points 2.2.3 and 2.3.2 (minimum, maximum and 90th cumulative percentile);

- (f) the distribution of the conformity factors for all windows, calculated in accordance with points 2.2.3 and 2.3.2 without the determination of the valid data in accordance with Appendix 4 and without the determination of the valid windows set out in points 2.2.2 and 2.3.1 (minimum, maximum and 90th cumulative percentile).

Appendix 6

Conformity of the ECU torque signal

• 1.1. The maximum torque method consists on confirming that a point on the reference maximum torque curve as a function of the engine speed has been reached during the in-service monitoring test.

• 1.2. If a point on the reference maximum torque curve as a function of the engine speed has not been reached during the in-service monitoring test, the manufacturer is entitled to modify the load activity of the non-road mobile machinery and/or the minimum test duration set out in point 2 of Appendix 2 as necessary in order to perform that demonstration after the in-service monitoring test.

• 1.3. The requirements set out in point 1.2 shall not be applied in the case that, in the opinion of the manufacturer and prior agreement of the type approval authority, it is not possible to reach a point on the maximum torque curve under normal operation without overloading the engine installed in the non-road mobile machinery, or to do so would not be safe.

- 1.4. In this case, the manufacturer shall propose to the approval authority an alternative method for checking the signal. The alternative method shall be employed only if the approval authority considers it feasible and applicable without overloading the engine or any safety risk.

• 1.5. The manufacturer may propose to the approval authority, a more accurate and complete method for checking the conformity of the ECU torque signal during the in-service monitoring test than the method set out in points 1.1 to 1.4. In that case, the method proposed by the manufacturer shall be used instead of the method set out in those points.

When the manufacturer demonstrates to the approval authority that it is not possible to check the ECU torque signal during the in-service monitoring test, the verification performed in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 3 of Annex VI to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 during the tests required for EU type- approval and stated in the EU type-approval certificate shall be accepted by the approval authority.

For engines in ISM groups other than A, C and H, the approval authority may accept a separate demonstration conducted in accordance with the requirements of Appendix 3 of Annex VI to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 but using the following mapping procedures of that Annex:

• (a) for engines in ISM group I, and variable speed engines in ISM groups E, F, G, J, K, L, M and N, Section 7.6.1;

- (b) for all other engines, Section 7.6.3.

Where mapping is performed at constant speed in accordance with sub-point (b), it shall be sufficient to measure and compare the readings of the torque measured by the dynamometer and the torque broadcast by the ECU at the single point of rated net power.

Appendix 7

ECU data stream information requirements

1. Data to be provided

- 1.1.Where an ECU is used to provide engine torque, speed or coolant temperature that data at a minimum shall be provided in accordance with Table 1.

Table 1

Measurement data

Parameter	Unit [^E0012]
Engine torque [^E0013]	Nm
Engine speed	rpm
Engine coolant temperature	K

Where the available data stream uses different units to those required by the table, that data stream shall be transformed into the required units during the data pre-processing set out in Appendix 3.

[^E0013]: (²)

The provided value shall be either (a) the net brake engine torque or (b) the net brake engine torque calculated from other appropriate torque values as defined in the corresponding protocol standard set out in point 2.1.1. The basis for the net torque shall be uncorrected net torque delivered by the engine inclusive of the equipment and auxiliaries to be included for an emissions test in accordance with Appendix 2 of Annex VI to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654.

- 1.2.Where either ambient pressure or ambient temperature are not measured by external sensors, they shall be provided by the ECU in accordance with Table 2.

Table 2

Additional measurement data

Parameter	Unit [^E0014]
Ambient temperature [^E0015]	K
Ambient pressure	kPa
Engine fuel flow	g/s

Where the available data stream uses different units to those required by the table, that data stream shall be transformed into the required units during the data pre-processing set out in Appendix 3.

[^E0015]: (²)

Use of an intake air temperature sensor shall comply with the requirements set out in the second paragraph of point 5.1 of Appendix 2.

- 1.3.Where exhaust mass flow is not measured directly, the engine fuel flow shall be provided in accordance with the Table of Appendix 2.

2.1.   Access to data stream information

• 2.1.1. Access to data stream information shall be provided in accordance with at least one of the following series of standards:

• (a) ISO 27145 with ISO 15765-4 (CAN-based);

• (b) ISO 27145 with ISO 13400 (TCP/IP-based);

• (c) SAE J1939-73;

• (d) ISO 14229.

• 2.1.2. The ECU shall support the corresponding services of at least one of the standards listed above in order to provide the data set out in Table 1.

Implementation of additional features of the standard(s) in the ECU is permitted but not mandatory.

• 2.1.3. Access to data stream information shall be possible by means of a wired connection (external scan-tool).

2.2.   CAN-based wired communication

- 2.2.1. The communication speed on the wired data link shall be either 250 kbps or 500 kbps.

• 2.2.2. The connection interface between the engine and the measurement instruments of the PEMS shall be standardised and shall meet all requirements of ISO 15031-3 Type A (12 VDC power supply), Type B (24 VDC power supply) or SAE J1939-13 (12 or 24 VDC power supply).

2.3   Documentation requirements

The manufacturer shall indicate in the information document set out in Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/656 ([^E0016]) on administrative requirements the communication standard(s) used for providing access to data stream information in accordance with point 2.1.1.

Appendix 8

Test report for in-service monitoring

• 1.1. Make (trade name(s) of manufacturer)

• 1.2. Company name and address of manufacturer

- 1.3. Name and address of manufacturer's authorised representative (if any)

• 1.4. Name(s) and address(es) of assembly/manufacture plant(s)

• 2.1.ISM Group

• 2.2.Category and sub-category of the engine type/engine family

• 2.3.Type approval number

• 2.4.Commercial name(s) (if applicable)

• 2.5.Engine family designation (if member of a family)

• 2.6.Reference work [kWh]

• 2.7.Reference CO2 mass [g]

• 2.8.Engine type designation

• 2.9.Engine identification number

• 2.10.Engine production year and month

• 2.11.Engine rebuilt (yes/no)

• 2.12.Engine total swept volume [cm³]

• 2.13.Number of cylinders

• 2.14.Engine declared rated net power/rated speed [kW/rpm]

• 2.15.Engine maximum net power/power speed [kW/rpm]

• 2.16.Engine declared maximum torque/torque speed [Nm/rpm]

• 2.17.Idle speed [rpm]

• 2.18.Manufacturer supplied full-load torque curve available (yes/no)

• 2.19.Manufacturer supplied full-load torque curve reference number

• 2.20.Installed DeNOx system (e.g., EGR, SCR) (where applicable)

• 2.21.Installed type of catalytic converter (where applicable)

• 2.22.Installed type of particulate after-treatment (where applicable)

- 2.23.After-treatment modified with respect to type approval (yes/no)

• 2.24.Installed ECU information (Software calibration number)

• 3.1. Non-road mobile machinery owner

• 3.2. Category(ies) of non-road mobile machinery

• 3.3. Non-road mobile machinery manufacturer

• 3.4. Non-road mobile machinery identification number

• 3.5. Non-road mobile machinery registration number and country of registration (if available)

- 3.6. Non-road mobile machinery commercial name(s) (if applicable)

• 3.7. Non-road mobile machinery production year and month

• 4.1. Non-road mobile machinery or engine location method

• 4.2. Selection criteria for non-road mobile machinery, engines, in-service families

• 4.3. Location where the tested non-road mobile machinery normally operates

• 4.4. Operating hours at test start:

- 4.4.1. Non-road mobile machinery [h]

• 4.4.2. Engine [h]

• 5.1. PEMS power supply: external/sourced from non-road mobile machinery

• 5.2. Measurement instruments (PEMS) brand and type

• 5.3. Measurement instruments (PEMS) calibration date

- 5.4. Calculation software and version used (e.g. EMROAD 4.0)

• 5.5. Location of ambient conditions sensors

• 6.1. Date and time of test

• 6.2. Test duration [s]

• 6.3. Test Location

• 6.4. General weather and ambient conditions (e.g. temperature, humidity, altitude)

• 6.4.1. Average ambient conditions (as calculated from the instantaneous measured data)

• 6.5. Hours operated per non-road mobile machinery/engine

• 6.6. Detailed information on non-road mobile machinery's actual operation

• 6.7. Test fuel specifications

• 6.8. Lubrication oil specifications

- 6.9. Reagent specifications (if applicable)

• 6.10. Brief description of the work performed

• 7.1. Average HC concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

• 7.2. Average CO concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

• 7.3. Average NOx concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

• 7.4. Average CO2 concentration [ppm] [Not mandatory]

- 7.5. Average Exhaust mass flow [kg/h] [Not mandatory]

• 7.6. Average Exhaust temperature [°C] [Not mandatory]

• 8.1. THC emissions [g]

• 8.2. CO emissions [g]

- 8.3. NOx emissions [g]

- 8.4. CO2 emissions [g]

(Minimum, maximum and 90th cumulative percentile)

• 9.1.Work averaging window THC conformity factor [-] ([^E0018])

• 9.2.Work averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

• 9.3.Work averaging window NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0019]) (where applicable)

• 9.4.Work averaging window THC + NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0020]) (where applicable)

• 9.5.CO2 mass averaging window THC conformity factor [-] ([^E0021])

• 9.6.CO2 mass averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

• 9.7.CO2 mass averaging window NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0022]) (where applicable)

• 9.8.CO2 mass averaging window THC+NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0023]) (where applicable)

• 9.9.Work averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window power [%]

• 9.10.CO2 mass averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window duration [s]

- 9.11.Work averaging window: percentage of valid averaging windows

- 9.12.CO2 mass averaging window: percentage of valid averaging windows

(Minimum, maximum and 90th cumulative percentile)

• 10.1.Work averaging window THC conformity factor [-] ([^E0024])

• 10.2.Work averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

• 10.3.Work averaging window NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0025]) (where applicable)

• 10.4.Work averaging window THC+NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0026]) (where applicable)

• 10.5.CO2 mass averaging window THC conformity factor [-] ([^E0027])

• 10.6.CO2 mass averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

• 10.7.CO2 mass averaging window NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0028]) (where applicable)

• 10.8.CO2 mass averaging window THC+NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0029]) (where applicable)

- 10.9.Work averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window power [%]

• 10.10.CO2 mass averaging window: minimum and maximum averaging window duration [s]

• 11.1. THC analyser zero, span and audit results, pre and post test

• 11.2. CO analyser zero, span and audit results, pre and post test

• 11.3. NOx analyser zero-span and audit results, pre and post test

- 11.4. CO2 analyser zero, span and audit results, pre and post test

• 11.5. Data consistency check results, according to Section 4 of Appendix 3

I-1.   Instantaneous measured data

• I-1.1. THC concentration [ppm]

• I-1.2. CO concentration [ppm]

• I-1.3. NOx concentration [ppm]

• I-1.4. CO2 concentration [ppm]

• I-1.5. Exhaust mass flow [kg/h]

• I-1.6. Exhaust temperature [°C]

• I-1.7. Ambient air temperature [°C]

• I-1.8. Ambient pressure [kPa]

• I-1.9. Ambient humidity [g/kg] [Not mandatory]

• I-1.10. Engine torque [Nm]

• I-1.11. Engine speed [rpm]

• I-1.12. Engine fuel flow [g/s]

• I-1.13. Engine coolant temperature [°C]

- I-1.14. Non-road mobile machinery latitude [degree]

• I-1.15. Non-road mobile machinery longitude [degree]

I-2.   Instantaneous calculated data

• I-2.1.THC mass [g/s]

• I-2.2.CO mass [g/s]

• I-2.3.NOx mass [g/s] (where applicable)

• I-2.4.CO2 mass [g/s]

• I-2.5.THC cumulated mass [g]

• I-2.6.CO cumulated mass [g]

• I-2.7.NOx cumulated mass [g] (where applicable)

• I-2.8.CO2 cumulated mass [g]

• I-2.9.Calculated fuel rate [g/s]

• I-2.10.Engine power [kW]

• I-2.11.Engine work [kWh]

• I-2.12.Work averaging window duration [s]

• I-2.13.Work averaging window average engine power [%]

• I-2.14.Work averaging window THC conformity factor [-] ([^E0030])

• I-2.15.Work averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

• I-2.16.Work averaging window NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0031]) (where applicable)

• I-2.17.Work averaging window THC+NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0032]) (where applicable)

• I-2.18.CO2 mass averaging window duration [s]

• I-2.19.CO2 mass averaging window THC conformity factor [-] ([^E0033])

• I-2.20.CO2 mass averaging window CO conformity factor [-]

- I-2.21.CO2 mass averaging window NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0034]) (where applicable)

• I-2.22.CO2 mass averaging window THC+NOx conformity factor [-] ([^E0035]) (where applicable)

Appendix 9

Determination of reference work and reference CO2 mass for engine types for which the applicable type-approval test cycle is solely a Non-Road Steady-State Cycle (NRSC)

The reference work and reference mass of CO2 for ISM groups A and C are taken from hot-start NRTC run of the type-approval test of the parent engine, and for ISM group H from the LSI-NRTC type-approval test of the parent engine, as set out in point 2.1.2 of Appendix 5. This Appendix defines how to determine the reference work and reference mass of CO2 for engine types in all ISM groups except A, C and H.

For the purpose of this Appendix the applicable laboratory test cycle shall be the discrete-mode NRSC or RMC NRSC for the corresponding engine (sub-)category set out in tables IV-1 and IV-2, and tables IV-5 to IV-10 of Annex IV to Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

Image omitted; see official source **from RMC NRSC

- 2.1.The reference work Wref,kWh, is equal to the actual work Wact,kWh, as given by Section 2.4.1.1 of Annex VII to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 on technical and general requirements.

• 2.2.The reference mass of CO2,

Image omitted; see official source , g, is equal to the mass of CO2 for the laboratory test cycle

Image omitted; see official source , g, calculated in accordance with one of Sections 2.1.2, 2.2.1, 3.5.1 or 3.6.1 of Annex VII to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 on technical and general requirements according to whether raw or dilute gaseous sampling is used and whether mass-based or molar-based calculation is applied.

Image omitted; see official source **from discrete-mode NRSC

• 3.1.The reference work Wref, kWh shall be calculated using equation 9-1.

Image omitted; see official source

• (9-1)

• Where:

• Pi is the engine power for mode i, kW, with Pi = Pm,i + PAUX (see Sections 6.3 and 7.7.1.3 of Annex VI to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 on technical and general requirements);

• WFi is the weighting factor for the mode i [-];

• tref is the reference time, s, (see table);

• Wref is the reference cycle work emitted by the parent engine on the reference laboratory test cycle, kWh;

• i is the mode number;

• Nmode is the total number of modes in the test cycle.

• 3.2.The reference mass of CO2

Image omitted; see official source , kg, shall be determined from the mean CO2 mass flow rate qmCO2,i, g/h, for each mode i calculated in accordance with Sections 2 or 3 of Annex VII to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 on technical and general requirements using equation 9-2.

Image omitted; see official source

• (9-2)

• Where:

• Image omitted; see official source is the mean CO2 mass flow rate for mode i, g/h;

• WFi is the weighting factor for the mode i [-];

• tref is the reference time, s, (see table);

• Image omitted; see official source is the reference mass of CO2 emitted by the parent engine on the reference laboratory test cycle, g;

• i is the mode number;

- Nmode is the total number of modes in the test cycle

- 3.3.Reference time tref is the total duration of the equivalent Ramped Modal Cycle (RMC) set out in Appendix 2 to Annex XVII to Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 on technical and general requirements. Those values are set out in table.

Table

Reference time tref for each discrete-mode NRSC

NRSC	tref [s]
C1	1 800
C2	1 800
D2	1 200
E2	1 200
E3	1 200
F	1 200
G1	1 800
G2	1 800
H	1 200

Appendix 10

Determination of the instantaneous proxy power from CO2 mass flow

‘Proxy power’ means a value obtained by simple linear interpolation for the sole purpose of the determination of valid events during in-service monitoring as described in Appendix 4. This methodology is for engines designed without a communication interface capable to provide torque and speed data in accordance with Table 1 of Appendix 7. The calculation is based upon the assumption that, for all engine types within an engine family:

• (a) the ratio of work and CO2 mass on the reference laboratory test cycle are similar;

- (b) there is a linear relationship between power and CO2 mass flow rate; and

• (c) an operating engine that produces no net power emits no CO2.

• 2.1.For the sole purpose of the calculations in Appendix 4, an instantaneous power for the engine under ISM test shall be computed from the measured CO2 mass flow at a time increment equal to the data sampling period. For this calculation a simplified engine-family-specific CO2 (‘Veline’) constant shall be used.

• 2.2.The Veline constant shall be calculated from the applicable reference values set out in point 2.1.2 of Appendix 5.

• The Veline constant, Kveline, is computed from the reference mass of CO2 emitted by the parent engine at type-approval divided by the work performed by the parent engine at type-approval using equation 10-1.

Image omitted; see official source

• (10-1)

• Where:

• Kveline is the ‘Veline’ constant, g/kWh;

• Image omitted; see official source is the reference mass of CO2 emitted by the parent engine in the reference laboratory test cycle, g;

• W ref is the reference work performed by the parent engine in the reference laboratory test cycle, kWh.

• 2.3.The instantaneous proxy power of the engine under ISM test is calculated from the instantaneous CO2 mass flow using equation 10-2

• Image omitted; see official source

• (10-2)

• Where:

• Pi,proxy is the instantaneous proxy power, kW;

• Image omitted; see official source is the instantaneous mass flow of CO2 emitted by the engine under test, g/s.

[^E0001]: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 of 19 December 2016 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to technical and general requirements relating to emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery (OJ L 102, 13.4.2017, p. 1).

[^E0002]: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2018/987 of 27 April 2018 amending and correcting Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/655 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to monitoring of gaseous pollutant emissions from in-service internal combustion engines installed in non-road mobile machinery (OJ L 182, 18.7.2018, p. 40).

[^E0003]: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2017/654 of 19 December 2016 supplementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to technical and general requirements relating to emission limits and type-approval for internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery (OJ L 102, 13.4.2017, p. 1).

[^E0016]: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2017/656 of 19 December 2016 laying down the administrative requirements relating to emission limits and type-approval of internal combustion engines for non-road mobile machinery in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2016/1628 of the European Parliament and of the Council (see page 364 of this Official Journal).

[^E0017]: Averaging window is the sub-set of the complete calculated data set during the in-service monitoring test whose CO2 mass or work is equal to the engine reference CO2 mass or work measured over the applicable parent engine reference laboratory NRTC or NRSC

[^E0018]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0019]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0020]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have a combined emission limit for HC + NOx in accordance with to Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0021]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0022]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0023]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have a combined emission limit for HC + NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0024]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0025]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0026]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have a combined emission limit for HC + NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0027]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0028]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0029]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have a combined emission limit for HC + NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0030]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0031]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0032]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have a combined emission limit for HC + NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0033]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.

[^E0034]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have separate limits for HC and NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628

[^E0035]: Only applicable for engine (sub-)categories which have a combined emission limit for HC + NOx in accordance with Annex II of Regulation (EU) 2016/1628.