LegalizeCouncil Regulation (EU) 2017/2063 of 13 November 2017 concerning restrictive measures in view of the situation in Venezuela
| Name | Identifying information | Reasons | Date of listing | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. | Néstor Luis REVEROL TORRES | Date of birth: 28 October 1964 Gender: male | President of the Zuliana Region Development Corporation (Corpozulia) since April 2024. Former Minister for Electrical Energy (October 2020 – April 2024), Vice-President of Public Works and Services and Executive Secretary of the Electrical General Staff (April 2019 – April 2024). Minister for Interior, Justice and Peace from 2016 until October 2020. General in Chief of the Bolivarian National Guard since August 2020. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including the torture of (political) prisoners, and the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela, including the prohibition and repression of political demonstrations, committed by security forces under his command. | 22.1.2018 |
| 2. | Gustavo Enrique GONZÁLEZ LÓPEZ | DOB: 2.11.1960 Gender: male | President of Petróleos de Venezuela (PDVSA). General Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) between April 2019 and October 2024. Security and Intelligence Adviser to President Maduro since January 2019, and General Director of SEBIN from February 2014 to October 2018. During the times he has served as SEBIN director, officials under his ultimate authority committed acts of arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, including sexual violence, in El Helicoide detention centre. As General Director of SEBIN, he is responsible for serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, inhuman and degrading treatment, and torture, and the repression of civil society and the democratic opposition in Venezuela. | 22.1.2018 |
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| 4. | Antonio José BENAVIDES TORRES | Date of birth: 13 June 1961 Gender: male | Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly. Chief of the Capital District (Distrito Capital) Government until January 2018. General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard until 21 June 2017. Involved in the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela, and responsible for serious human rights violations committed by the Bolivarian National Guard under his command. His actions and policies as General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard, including the Bolivarian National Guard taking the lead in the policing of civilian demonstrations and publicly advocating that military courts should have jurisdiction over civilians, have undermined the rule of law in Venezuela. | 22.1.2018 |
| 5. | Maikel José MORENO PÉREZ | Date of birth: 12 December 1965 Gender: male | Judge of the Criminal Appeal Chamber of the Supreme Court of Venezuela (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)). Former President and Vice President of the Supreme Court. In those roles, he has supported and facilitated the Government’s actions and policies which have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, and is responsible for actions and statements that have usurped the authority of the National Assembly, including the appointment of the National Electoral Council (CNE) in June 2020 and the suspension and replacement of the leadership of three opposition parties in June and July 2020. | 22.1.2018 |
| 6. | Tarek William SAAB HALABI | Date of birth: 10 September 1963 Place of birth: El Tigre, Anzoátegui state, Venezuela Gender: male | President of the Republican Moral Council since December 2023. Venezuelan Attorney General appointed by the Constituent Assembly. In those roles, and in previous roles as Ombudsman and President of the Republican Moral Council, he has undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela by publicly supporting actions against opponents of the government of Venezuela and the withdrawal of competences from the National Assembly. | 22.1.2018 |
| 7. | Diosdado CABELLO RONDÓN | Date of birth: 15 April 1963 Gender: male | Minister of the Interior, Justice and Peace since August 2024. Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly, former President of the Constituent Assembly and First Vice-President of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). Involved in undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela and the repression of civil society and democratic opposition, including by using the media to publicly attack and threaten political opposition, other media and civil society and giving orders to detain individuals, including to the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN). | 22.1.2018 |
| 8. | Tareck Zaidan EL-AISSAMI MADDAH | Date of birth: 12 November 1974 Gender: male | Former Vice President of Economy and former Minister of the Popular Power of Petroleum as well as National Industry and Production. As the former Vice President of Venezuela with oversight of the direction of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN), Tareck El-Aissami is responsible for the serious human rights violations carried out by the organisation, including arbitrary detentions, politically motivated investigations, inhuman and degrading treatment, and torture. He is also responsible for supporting and implementing policies and activities which undermine democracy and the rule of law, including the prohibition of public demonstrations, and heading President Maduro’s ‘anti-coup command’ which has targeted civil society and the democratic opposition. | 25.6.2018 |
| 9. | Sergio José RIVERO MARCANO | Date of birth: 8 November 1964 Gender: male | Inspector General of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB) until July 2023, General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard until 16 January 2018, placed in “active reserve” in July 2023. Involved in the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela, and responsible for serious human rights violations committed by the Bolivarian National Guard under his command, including the excessive use of force, and the arbitrary detention and abuse of civil society and opposition members. His actions and policies as General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard, including the Bolivarian National Guard assaulting members of the democratically elected National Assembly and intimidating journalists reporting on the fraudulent elections for the illegitimate Constituent Assembly, have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 25.6.2018 |
| 10. | Jesús Rafael SUÁREZ CHOURIO | Date of birth: 19 July 1962 Gender: male | President of the Defence and Security Committee of the non-democratically elected National Assembly since January 2021. Former Chief of the General Staff of the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces (between July 2019 and September 2020). Former Commander in Chief of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army (until July 2019). Former General Commander of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army and former Commander of Venezuela’s Comprehensive Defence Region of the Central Zone (REDI Central). Responsible for serious human rights violations by forces under his command during his tenure as General Commander of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army, including the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees. He has targeted the democratic opposition and supported the use of military courts to try civilian protestors. | 25.6.2018 |
| 11. | Iván HERNÁNDEZ DALA | DOB: 18.5.1966 Gender: male | President of the National Telephone Company of Venezuela (Cantv). Major-General in FANB. Director-General of the Directorate-General for Military Counterintelligence (DGCIM) between January 2014 and October 2024 and Head of the Presidential Guard between September 2015 and October 2024. As Head of the DGCIM, Iván Hernández Dala is responsible for the repression of civil society and democratic opposition and for serious human rights violations committed by members of the DGCIM under his command, including torture, the use of excessive force and the ill-treatment of detainees. | 25.6.2018 |
| 12. | Delcy Eloina RODRÍGUEZ GÓMEZ | Date of birth: 18 May 1969 Gender: female | Vice-President of Venezuela, and since August 2024, Minister of Oil. Former Minister of the Economy, Finances and Trade. Former President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and former member of the Presidential Commission for the illegitimate National Constituent Assembly. Her actions in the Presidential Commission and then as President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including usurping the powers of the National Assembly and using them to target the opposition and to prevent them from taking part in the political process. | 25.6.2018 |
| 13. | Elías José JAUA MILANO | Date of birth: 16 December 1969 Gender: male | Former Minister of Popular Power for Education. Former President of the Presidential Commission for the illegitimate National Constituent Assembly. Responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela through his role in leading the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly. | 25.6.2018 |
| 14. | Sandra OBLITAS RUZZA | Date of birth: 7 June 1969 Gender: female | Minister of University Education until August 2024. Rector of the Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela appointed in July 2020. Former Vice President of the National Electoral Council (CNE) and former President of the Commission of the Electoral and Civilian Register. Responsible for CNE activities which have undermined democracy in Venezuela, including by facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and the manipulation of the electoral process. | 25.6.2018 |
| 15. | Freddy Alirio BERNAL ROSALES | Date of birth: 16 June 1962 Place of birth: San Cristóbal, Táchira State, Venezuela Gender: male | Governor of Táchira State since winning the elections in November 2021. Former Head of the National Control Centre of the Committee for Local Supply and Production (CLAP) and former Protector of Táchira State. Also a Commissioner General of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN). As Head of the CLAP and Protector of Táchira State he was able to call upon Special Forces (FAES) and to influence appointments of judges and prosecutors. Responsible for undermining democracy through manipulation of CLAP programme distributions amongst voters. Additionally, as Commissioner General of SEBIN he is responsible for SEBIN’s activities which include serious human rights violations such as arbitrary detention. | 25.6.2018 |
| 16. | Katherine Nayarith HARRINGTON PADRÓN | Date of birth: 5 December 1971 Gender: female | President of the Criminal Judicial Circuit of the Metropolitan Area of Caracas. Former Deputy Prosecutor General (also translated as Deputy Attorney General) from July 2017 until October 2018. Appointed Deputy Prosecutor General by the Supreme Court rather than by the National Assembly, in violation of the Constitution. Responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by initiating politically-motivated prosecutions and failing to investigate allegations of human rights violations by the Maduro regime. | 25.6.2018 |
| 17. | Socorro Elizabeth HERNÁNDEZ DE HERNÁNDEZ | Date of birth: 11 March 1952 Gender: female | Member (Rector) of the National Electoral Council (CNE) until 12 June 2020 and member of the National Electoral Board (JNE). Responsible for the CNE’s activities which have undermined democracy in Venezuela, including facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and manipulation of the electoral process in relation to a cancelled presidential recall election in 2016, postponement of gubernatorial elections in 2016, and the relocation of polling stations at short notice before gubernatorial elections in 2017. | 25.6.2018 |
| 18. | Xavier Antonio MORENO REYES | Gender: male | Secretary-General of the National Electoral Council (CNE) from 2009 until June 2020. In that role, Moreno Reyes facilitated, legitimised and gave credibility to CNE decisions, since the Secretary-General of the CNE has a role in agenda-setting and formalising decisions. Moreno Reyes remained Secretary-General of CNE while democracy was severely undermined and the independent role of the CNE within the electoral process was compromised. He is therefore responsible for undermining democracy in Venezuela, including facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and the manipulation of the electoral process. | 25.6.2018 |
| 19. | Néstor Neptali BLANCO HURTADO | Date of birth: 26 September 1982 ID number: V-15222057 Gender: male | Commander in military counterintelligence zone No 32 in the Los Llanos region. As Major in the Bolivarian National Guard (GNB), he has operated alongside officials in the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)) since at least December 2017. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities. | 27.9.2019 |
| 20. | Rafael Ramón BLANCO MARRERO | Date of birth: 28 February 1968 ID number: V-6250588 Gender: male | Inspector-General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army since July 2023. Former Division General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army (July 2019 – July 2023). Former deputy Director of the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)). Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities, that were committed by DGCIM officials under his command. Linked to the death of Captain Acosta. | 27.9.2019 |
| 21. | Carlos Alberto CALDERÓN CHIRINOS | Date of Birth: 3 July 1970 ID number: V-10352300 Gender: male | Official with the elite command of the Venezuelan National Police (PNB/FAES). Appointed Deputy Director of the Directorate of Strategic and Tactical Actions (DAET) of the PNB in 2023. Former senior office holder (referred to as General Commissioner, Director of El Helicoide and Director of Strategic Investigations) in the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN). Officials of the Directorate for Strategic Investigations under his supervision have committed illegal detentions, acts of torture and other ill-treatment, and sexual and gender-based violence. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees in SEBIN facilities. In particular, he has participated in and is responsible for acts of torture and the cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment of detainees at El Helicoide, a SEBIN prison. | 27.9.2019 |
| 22. | Alexis Enrique ESCALONA MARRERO | Date of birth: 12 October 1962 Gender: male | Chief in Charge of the National Office Against Organized Crime and Terrorist Financing (ONDOFT) from January 2018 until May 2019. Retired Major General, former Vice Minister for prevention and public safety at the Ministry of the Interior (appointed in 2017 by President Maduro) and former National Commander of the National Anti-Extortion and Kidnapping Command (Comando Nacional Antiextorsión y Secuestro (CONAS)) (between 2014 and 2017). Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees by members of CONAS under his command. Also responsible for the repression of civil society by members of CONAS under his command. | 27.9.2019 |
| 23. | Rafael Antonio FRANCO QUINTERO | Date of birth: 14 October 1973 ID number: V-11311672 Gender: male | Division General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army (FANB). Agent in the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN). Head of Security at Maiquetía International Airport since August 2019. Director of the Special Directorate of Criminal and Criminalistics Investigations (DEIPC) at the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)) between November 2016 and November 2018. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the ill-treatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities by members of the DGCIM under his command, notably at the Boleita detention centre. Officials under his authority were also implicated in sexual violence against detainees. Also responsible for the repression of civil society and democratic opposition by members of the DGCIM under his command. Linked to the death of Captain Acosta Arévalo. | 27.9.2019 |
| 24. | Alexander Enrique GRANKO ARTEAGA | Date of birth: 25 March 1981 ID Number: V-14970215 Gender: male | Head (Director) of the Special Affairs Division (DAE) of the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)) since 2017. Head of Office of DGCIM’s Boleita detention centre since 29 August 2022. From 2017 to 2022 he ordered, supervised and directly participated in arbitrary detentions, short-term enforced disappearances, torture, including sexual violence, and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. Promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel of the Bolivarian National Guard on 1 July 2020. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force causing death and injury and the ill-treatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities committed by himself and by officials under his command. Also responsible for the repression of civil society by members of DGCIM under his command, as well as being directly involved in such repression. Linked to the death of Captain Acosta Arévalo. | 27.9.2019 |
| 25. | Hannover Esteban GUERRERO MIJARES | Date of birth: 14 January 1971 Gender: male | Second Commander and Chief of Staff of the 35th Military Police Brigade since 2019. Director of the Special Directorate of Criminal and Criminalistics Investigations (DEIPC) at the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)) from November 2018 to August 2019. As Director of DEIPC, he supervised the DGCIM facility in Boleita detention centre. During this period, acts of torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment, as well as sexual violence, were committed by DGCIM officials at Boleita. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the ill-treatment of detainees committed by himself and by officials under his command, particularly in Boleita. Linked to the death of Captain Acosta Arévalo. | 27.9.2019 |
| 26. | José Adelino ORNELAS FERREIRA Alias: José Adelino ORNELLA FERREIRA / José Adelino ORNELLAS FERREIRA | Date of birth: 14 December 1964 Place of birth: Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela ID number: V‐7087964 Gender: male | Secretary‐General of the National Defence Council since 26 July 2019 and Chief of the General Staff to the Commander‐in‐Chief since September 2020. Former commander of the National Capital Integral Strategic Defence Region (REDI Capital), former Chief of Staff and former Second‐in‐Command of the Operational and Strategic Command of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces of Venezuela (CEOFANB). In these roles he has supported and facilitated actions and policies of the Government of Venezuela which have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. Responsible for serious human rights violations and the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela, including obstructing the provision of humanitarian aid and the use of excessive force by officials of the Bolivarian Armed Forces (FANB), and by subordinate forces under his command, including the Integral Strategic Defence Region (REDI), the Integral Defence Operations Zone (ZODI) and the Bolivarian National Guard. | 29.6.2020 |
| 27. | Gladys DEL VALLE REQUENA | Date of birth: 9 November 1952 Place of birth: Puerto Santo, Sucre, Venezuela ID number: V-4114842 Gender: female | Inspector General of the Courts since 27 April 2022. Former member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly and former member and the Second Vice-President of the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). In her leading role in the non-recognised ANC, she has undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by signing the decree that stripped the president of the National Assembly of Venezuela, Juan Guaidó, of his parliamentary immunity. | 29.6.2020 |
| 28. | Tania Valentina DÍAZ GONZÁLEZ | Date of birth: 18 June 1963 Place of birth: Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela ID number: V-6432672 Gender: female | Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly and former First Vice-President of the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). In her leading role in the non-recognised ANC she has undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by signing the decree that stripped the president of the National Assembly of Venezuela, Juan Guaidó, of his parliamentary immunity. | 29.6.2020 |
| 29. | Elvis Eduardo HIDROBO AMOROSO | Date of birth: 4 August 1963 Place of birth: Caracas, Distrito Capital, Venezuela ID number: V-7659695 Gender: male | President of the National Electoral Commission of Venezuela (CNE) since 24 August 2023. Former Comptroller-General (between 23 October 2018 and August 2023), and former First and Second Vice-President of the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). His actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by banning opposition members from holding public office for 15 years and leading the non-recognised ANC, signing the “law against hatred”, justifying the removal of a legally-elected opposition governor, banning Juan Guaidó from running for any public office, and announcing the results of the Presidential election held in July 2024, without the CNE under his leadership publishing the official voting records of polling stations. | 29.6.2020 |
| 30. | Juan José MENDOZA JOVER | Date of birth: 11 March 1969 Place of birth: Trujillo, Venezuela Address: Arnoldo Gabaldón, Candelaria, Edo. Trujillo ID number: V-9499372 Gender: male | Former Second Vice-President of the Venezuelan Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)) and former President of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (February 2017 – April 2022). His actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by a number of judicial rulings in the past two years that have limited or undermined the constitutional powers of Venezuela’s democratically-elected legislative body, the National Assembly. | 29.6.2020 |
| 31. | Jorge Elieser MÁRQUEZ MONSALVE | DOB: 20.2.1971 POB: Caracas, Venezuela ID number: V-8714253 Gender: male | Minister of Electricity and Vice-President of Public Works and Utilities since 23 April 2024. Former Minister of the Office of the Presidency and Director-General of the National Commission of Telecommunications (CONATEL) since 7 August 2017. His actions have undermined democracy or the rule of law in Venezuela, including by severely limiting the rights of the Venezuelan people to a free press, free speech and information. He used the special powers of CONATEL to silence criticism and dissidents of the regime by blocking, filtering and obstructing internet websites, by revoking existing licences for radio and television stations and by refusing to grant new ones. | 29.6.2020 |
| 32. | Farik Karin MORA SALCEDO | ID number: V‐8608523 Gender: male | Prosecutor serving at the Venezuelan First Special Court of First Instance with an office within the Directorate‐General of Military Counter‐Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)). His actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by initiating politically motivated prosecutions which resulted in the arbitrary detention of members of the National Assembly and other officials opposing the Maduro regime. | 29.6.2020 |
| 33. | Dinorah Yoselin BUSTAMANTE PUERTA | Date of birth: 14 January 1975 ID number: V‐10002096 Gender: female | Prosecutor serving at the Venezuelan First Special Court of First Instance, with an office within the Directorate‐General of Military Counter‐Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)). Her actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by initiating politically motivated prosecutions which resulted in the arbitrary detention of members of the National Assembly and other officials opposing the Maduro regime. | 29.6.2020 |
| 34. | Luis Eduardo PARRA RIVERO | Date of birth: 7 July 1978 ID number: V-14211633 Gender: male | Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly. As a member of the National Assembly elected in 2015, he staged his election as President of the National Assembly on 5 January 2020, thereby undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The election took place while entry of several parliamentarians to the premises of the National Assembly was blocked by military police, and without a quorum being reached. Therefore, opposition members had to organise themselves outside of the premises of the National Assembly to re-elect Juan Guaidó as its President. Shortly after the staged election of Parra Rivero, supported by the regime’s political party (PSUV), Parra Rivero was welcomed by Maduro and the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). | 29.6.2020 |
| 35. | Franklyn Leonardo DUARTE | Date of birth: 15 May 1977 ID number: V-3304045 Gender: male | Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly. Former member and illegitimately elected first Vice-President of the National Assembly elected in 2015. As a member of the National Assembly elected in 2015, he staged his election as the first Vice-President of the National Assembly on 5 January 2020, thereby undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The election took place while entry of several parliamentarians to the premises of the National Assembly was blocked by military police, and without a quorum being reached. Therefore, opposition members had to organise themselves outside of the premises of the National Assembly to re-elect Juan Guaidó as its President. Shortly after the staged election of Duarte, supported by the regime’s political party (PSUV), the election of the Board of Directors of the National Assembly was welcomed by Maduro and the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). | 29.6.2020 |
| 36. | José Gregorio NORIEGA FIGUEROA | Date of birth: 21 February 1969 ID number: V-8348784 Gender: male | Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly. Former member and illegitimately elected second Vice-President of the National Assembly elected in 2015. Illegitimately appointed director of the ad-hoc board of the political party Voluntad Popular. As a member of the National Assembly elected in 2015, he staged his election as the second Vice-President of the National Assembly on 5 January 2020, thereby undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The election took place while entry of several parliamentarians to the premises of the National Assembly was blocked by military police, and without a quorum being reached. Therefore, opposition members had to organise themselves outside of the premises of the National Assembly to re-elect Juan Guaidó as its President. Shortly after the staged election of Noriega, supported by the regime’s political party (PSUV), the election of the Board of Directors of the National Assembly was welcomed by Maduro and the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). In July 2020, Noriega, helped by the Venezuelan Supreme Court of Justice (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)), illegitimately took over the leadership of the political party Voluntad Popular, thereby further undermining democracy in Venezuela. | 29.6.2020 |
| 37. | Remigio CEBALLOS ICHASO | DOB: 1.5.1963 ID-number: V-6557495 Gender: male | Venezuela’s Ambassador to China. Former Minister of the Interior and Justice of Venezuela (August 2021 – August 2024) and Vice-President of the Government for Citizen Security. Former Commander of the Operational and Strategic Command of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces of Venezuela (Comando Estratégico Operacional Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales Bolivarianas (CEOFANB)), the highest organ in the Venezuelan Armed Forces (June 2017 – July 2021). CEOFANB controls the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB) and the Bolivarian National Guard. CEOFANB is also responsible for coordinating FANB interventions in demonstrations. In his position as Commander of CEOFANB, he was responsible for serious human rights violations, including the use of excessive force and inhuman and degrading treatment by officials of the FANB and by subordinate forces under his command, including the Bolivarian National Guard. Various sources, including the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, attribute human rights violations to FANB and the Bolivarian National Guard. | 22.2.2021 |
| 38. | Omar José PRIETO FERNÁNDEZ | Date of birth: 25 May 1969 ID number: V-9761075 Gender: male | Former Governor of Zulia State (2017 – 2021). In this position he has undermined democracy and the rule of law in Zulia State. He was sworn in by the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC), after the legitimate winner of the election refused to be sworn in by the ANC. Omar José Prieto Fernández actively promoted the non-democratic elections for the National Assembly, which took place on 6 December 2020. Moreover, in Zulia State he threatened opposition leaders with ‘house visits’ and stated his intention to declare Zulia State independent should an interim government led by Juan Guaidó assume power. Active member of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). | 22.2.2021 |
| 39. | José Dionisio BRITO RODRÍGUEZ | Date of birth: 15 January 1971 ID-number: V-8263861 Gender: male | Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly and chair of the parliamentary commission that investigates the ‘actions perpetrated against the Republic’ by members of the National Assembly elected in 2015. Furthermore, José Dionisio Brito Rodríguez illegitimately assumed leadership over opposition party Primero Justicia, due to a decision of the Supreme Court in June 2020. In 2019, he was expelled from Primero Justicia over corruption allegations. Moreover, as a member of the National Assembly, he participated in the illegitimate election of Luis Eduardo Parra Rivero as the President of the National Assembly on 5 January 2020, thereby undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The election took place while entry of several parliamentarians to the premises of the National Assembly was blocked by military police, and without a quorum being reached. Therefore opposition members had to organise themselves outside of the premises of the National Assembly to re-elect Juan Guaidó as its President. His actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 22.2.2021 |
| 40. | José Bernabé GUTIÉRREZ PARRA | Date of birth: 21 December 1952 ID-number: V-1565144 Gender: male | Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly and illegitimate leader of opposition party Acción Democrática. José Bernabé Gutiérrez Parra gained illegitimate control over opposition party Acción Democrática in June 2020 via a ruling of the Supreme Court. In contravention of the party’s position prior to his take over, Gutiérrez Parra participated with Acción Democrática in the non-democratic elections of the National Assembly which took place on 6 December 2020. Gutiérrez Parra changed the position of the party, used its symbols and participated in the elections and public events such as televised debates. Gutiérrez Parra was expelled from the party by legitimate Acción Democrática members who called his actions conspiracy and betrayal. His actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 22.2.2021 |
| 41. | Luis Fernando DAMIANI BUSTILLOS | Date of birth: 27 April 1946 Gender: male | Judge of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)). As a member of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court, he is responsible for actions, statements and rulings that have usurped the constitutional powers of the National Assembly and undermined the opposition’s electoral rights including the unilateral appointment by the Supreme Court of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) in June 2020 and the suspension and unilateral replacement of the leadership of three of the main democratic opposition parties in June and July 2020, as well as the extension of the ruling on Acción Democrática for one more year in May 2021. His actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, and he has supported and facilitated the undermining of democracy and the rule of law by the executive branch. | 22.2.2021 |
| 42. | Lourdes Benicia SUÁREZ ANDERSON | Date of birth: 7 March 1965 Gender: female | Judge of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)) since December 2005 and Vice President of the Constitutional Chamber since April 2022. Former President of the Constitutional Chamber and former first Vice-President of the Supreme Court. As a member of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court, she is responsible for actions, statements and rulings that have usurped the constitutional powers of the National Assembly and undermined the opposition’s electoral rights including the unilateral appointment by the Supreme Court of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) in June 2020 and the suspension and unilateral replacement of the leadership of three of the main democratic opposition parties in June and July 2020, as well as the extension of the ruling on Acción Democrática for one more year in May 2021. Her actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, and she has supported and facilitated the undermining of democracy and the rule of law by the executive branch. | 22.2.2021 |
| 43. | Calixto Antonio ORTEGA RÍOS | Date of birth: 12 October 1950 Gender: male | Judge of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)). As a member of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court, he is responsible for actions, statements and rulings that have usurped the constitutional powers of the National Assembly and undermined the opposition’s electoral rights including the unilateral appointment by the Supreme Court of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) in June 2020 and the suspension and unilateral replacement of the leadership of three of the main democratic opposition parties in June and July 2020, as well as the extension of the ruling on Acción Democrática for one more year in May 2021. His actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, and he has supported and facilitated the undermining of democracy and the rule of law by the executive branch. | 22.2.2021 |
| 44. | René Alberto DEGRAVES ALMARZA | Gender: male | Substitute judge of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)) since April 2022. Former judge of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court. As a member of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court, he has been responsible for actions, statements and rulings that have usurped the constitutional powers of the National Assembly and undermined the opposition’s electoral rights including the unilateral appointment by the Supreme Court of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) in June 2020 and the suspension and unilateral replacement of the leadership of three of the main democratic opposition parties in June and July 2020, as well as the extension of the ruling on Acción Democrática for one more year in May 2021. His actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, and he has supported and facilitated the undermining of democracy and the rule of law by the executive branch. | 22.2.2021 |
| 45. | Arcadio DELGADO ROSALES | Date of birth: 23 September 1954 Gender: male | Former judge and Vice-President of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)). As a member of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court, he has been responsible for actions, statements and rulings that have usurped the constitutional powers of the National Assembly and undermined the opposition’s electoral rights, including the unilateral appointment by the Supreme Court of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) in June 2020 and the suspension and unilateral replacement of the leadership of three of the main democratic opposition parties in June and July 2020, as well as the extension of the ruling on Acción Democrática for one more year in May 2021. His actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, and he has supported and facilitated the undermining of democracy and the rule of law by the executive branch. | 22.2.2021 |
| 46. | Carmen Auxiliadora ZULETA DE MERCHÁN | Date of birth: 13 December 1947 Gender: female | Former judge of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)). As a member of the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court, she has been responsible for actions, statements and rulings that have usurped the constitutional powers of the National Assembly and undermined the opposition’s electoral rights including the unilateral appointment by the Supreme Court of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) in June 2020 and the suspension and unilateral replacement of the leadership of three of the main democratic opposition parties in June and July 2020, as well as the extension of the ruling on Acción Democrática for one more year in May 2021. Her actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, and she has supported and facilitated the undermining of democracy and the rule of law by the executive branch. | 22.2.2021 |
| 47. | Indira Maira ALFONZO IZAGUIRRE | Date of birth: 29 April 1968 Place of birth: La Guaira, La Guaira State, Venezuela ID-number: V-6978710 Gender: female | Former President of the Electoral Chamber of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)). Former chairwoman of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)), appointed on 13 June 2020. Former member of the Electoral Chamber and Plenary Chamber of the Supreme Court, Second Vice-Chairwoman of the Supreme Court from 2015 until 24 February 2017, Vice-Chairwoman of the Supreme Court from 24 February 2017 until 12 June 2020. As a member of the Electoral Chamber of the Supreme Court, Indira Maira Alfonzo Izaguirre is responsible for the actions taken against the then newly elected National Assembly in December 2015, resulting in the impossibility for the National Assembly to exert its legislative power. Moreover, she accepted her appointment as the chairwoman of the CNE in June 2020 by the Supreme Court although this prerogative belongs to the National Assembly. In that role she prepared and supervised the non-democratic elections of the National Assembly held on 6 December 2020 and participated in the change of 30 June 2020 to the electoral norms for those elections, without formally leaving the Supreme Court (temporary permit to integrate the CNE). After the renewal of the CNE in May 2021, she returned to the Supreme Court. Her actions have therefore undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 22.2.2021 |
| 48. | Leonardo Enrique MORALES POLEO | Gender: male | Former Vice-President of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission (August 2020 – May 2021). Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo was appointed Vice-President of the CNE and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission on 7 August 2020 by the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)) although this prerogative belongs to the National Assembly. Moreover, just prior to his appointment he served in the Advanced Progressive Party (Avanzada progresista). As member (rector) and Vice-President of the CNE, he fully took part in the decision-making process of the CNE. He supported and facilitated the supervision of the electoral process that led to the non-democratic elections of the National Assembly on 6 December 2020. His actions have therefore further undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo accepted to be appointed to the CNE and remained in his position as Vice-President of the CNE while democracy was severely undermined in Venezuela. | 22.2.2021 |
| 49. | Tania D’AMELIO CARDIET | Date of birth: 5 December 1971 Place of birth: Italy Nationality: Venezuelan ID-number: V-11691429 Gender: female | Second Vice President of the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)), and President of the Constitutional Chamber of that court, since January 2024. Former member (rector) of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) for the period 2016-2023. Former Member (rector) of the CNE for the period 2010-2016. Tania d’Amelio Cardiet, as rector of the CNE since 2010, contributed directly by her activity in her functions to the undermining of democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by preparing the non-democratic 2020 National Assembly elections, participating in the change of 30 June 2020 to the electoral norms for those elections, and participating in the organisation and execution of the 2018 presidential elections. Moreover, Tania d’Amelio Cardiet accepted her 2016 appointment at the CNE by the Supreme Court, although this prerogative belongs to the National Assembly. | 22.2.2021 |
| 50. | José Miguel DOMÍNGUEZ RAMÍREZ | Date of birth: 17 October 1979 ID-number: V-14444352 Gender: male | Director of the Directorate of Strategic and Tactical Actions (DAET) since July 2022 and Assistant Director of the Bolivarian National Police (PNB) since July 2023. Former Director of the Special Action Forces (Fuerzas de Acciones Especiales (FAES)). Former Chief Commissioner of the FAES in Táchira State. Additionally, José Miguel Domínguez Ramírez was the Director of Operations of the FAES, which fall within Venezuela’s Bolivarian National Police. Responsible for serious human rights violations and repressing of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela committed by FAES officials under his authority. The FAES are known for extrajudicial killings and their violent role in suppressing dissent from Maduro’s political opponents, the opposition, and protesters, which is why the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, has demanded the dissolution of the FAES. Moreover, previously, Domínguez Ramírez was a member of the Venezuelan security team that opened fire on unarmed student protestors on 12 February 2014, resulting in the death of at least one of the students, Bassil Da Costa. | 22.2.2021 |
| 51. | Carlos Ramón Enrique CARVALLO GUEVARA | ID-number: V-10132041 Gender: male | President of state enterprise Corporación Ecosocialista Ezequiel Zamora (CORPOEZ) since March 2021. Division General and Deputy Director of the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)) since 21 August 2020. Successor of General Rafael Ramón Blanco Marrero. Previously, Carvallo Guevara served for the DGCIM in Los Andes region and held an upper rank in the Bolivarian National Guard. Responsible for the serious human rights violations in Venezuela committed by DGCIM officials under his command. In the findings of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela of 20 September 2022, DGCIM is characterised as an institution directly responsible for carrying out severe human rights violations. | 22.2.2021 |
| 52. | Jesús Emilio VÁSQUEZ QUINTERO | ID-number: V-7422049 Gender: male | Former President of the Court Martial and the Military Criminal Judicial Circuit (September 2021 – August 2024). Division General since 5 July 2019 and former Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office (December 2017 – 17 September 2021). As Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office, responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The Military Prosecutor’s Office has been linked to internal judicial prosecution in the Armed Forces, and failures to investigate incidents, including the case of the death of Captain Acosta in 2019. Moreover, military justice is being applied to civilians. | 22.2.2021 |
| 53. | Carlos Enrique TERÁN HURTADO | ID-number: V-8042567 Gender: male | Division General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Armed Forces since 2022. Director of the Special Directorate of Criminal and Criminalistics Investigations (DEIPC) at the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)) from August 2019 to February 2021. In previous functions, Brigadier General Terán Hurtado served as head of the police in Falcón state and head of DGCIM in Táchira state. Responsible for the serious human rights violations, including cruel and inhuman treatment of detainees, committed by DGCIM officials under his command. In the detailed findings of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Brigadier General Terán Hurtado is specifically pointed out as one of the responsible actors, and is linked to the Captain de la Sotta case. | 22.2.2021 |
| 54. | Manuel Eduardo PÉREZ URDANETA | Date of birth: 29 December 1960 or 26 May 1962 Place of birth: Cagua, State of Aragua ID-number: V-6357038 Passport number: 001234503 (expired 2012) Gender: male | Former Deputy Minister of the Interior and Justice. Within the Venezuelan Ministry of the Interior and Justice, Brigadier General Manuel Eduardo Pérez Urdaneta ranked as one of five Deputy Ministers. His portfolio encompassed Preventive Security and Public Safety (Viceministro de prevención y Seguridad Ciudadana). Before that, Brigadier General Pérez served as Director of the Bolivarian National Police. In that role he was responsible for serious human rights violations, including the use of severe physical force against peaceful protesters, committed by officials of the Bolivarian National Police under his authority. | 22.2.2021. |
| 55. | Douglas Arnoldo RICO GONZÁLEZ | Date of birth: 28 September 1969 ID-number: V-6864238 Gender: male | Director of the Bureau for Scientific, Criminal, and Forensic Investigations (Cuerpo de Investigaciones Científicas, Penales y Criminalísticas (CICPC)) since 5 February 2016. Previously, he acted as CICPC deputy director. Responsible for serious human rights violations, by CICPC officials under his authority. The report of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela characterises CICPC as an institution that commits systematic human rights violations in Venezuela. CICPC is also involved in extra-judicial killings, according to the report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights released on 16 June 2021. | 22.2.2021 |
| 56. | Caryslia Beatriz RODRÍGUEZ RODRÍGUEZ | President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and President of the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ DOB: 16.7.1967 POB: Maracay, Aragua Nationality: Venezuelan ID number (Cédula): 8671555 Gender: female | President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and President of the Electoral Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela since January 2024. In her function as President of the Electoral Chamber, Caryslia Beatriz Rodríguez Rodríguez is responsible for declaring the proclaimed win of Nicolás Maduro in the 28 July 2024 presidential election as indisputable, although the TSJ did not divulge the detailed voting data on which its ruling was based and despite irregularities in the management of the electoral process by the National Electoral Council (CNE). In her capacity as President of the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ, she is also responsible for interfering in the opposition primary elections, hence obstructing the opposition’s preparation for the July 2024 presidential election. Therefore, the actions of Caryslia Beatriz Rodríguez Rodríguez have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 57. | Fanny Beatriz MÁRQUEZ CORDERO | Vice President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and of the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ DOB: 5.2.1969 National ID number (Cédula) 6272864 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: female | Vice President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and of the Electoral Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela. In this role, Fanny Beatriz Márquez Cordero was involved in the certification by the TSJ of Nicolás Maduro’s win in the 28 July 2024 presidential election, although the TSJ did not divulge the detailed voting data on which its ruling was based and despite irregularities in the management of the electoral process by the National Electoral Council (CNE). Therefore, the actions of Fanny Beatriz Márquez Cordero have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 58. | Inocencio Antonio FIGUEROA ARIZALETA | Judge at the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ). DOB: 17.12.1959 National ID number (Cédula): 5016509 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Judge at the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ). In this role, he supported the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ in certifying the win of Nicolás Maduro in the 28 July 2024 presidential election, although the TSJ did not divulge detailed voting data on which its ruling was based and despite irregularities in the management of the electoral process by the National Electoral Council (CNE). Therefore, the actions of Inocencio Antonio Figueroa Arizaleta have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 59. | Malaquías GIL RODRÍGUEZ | Judge, President of the Political-Administrative Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) DOB: 27.2.1960 POB: Carache, Estado Trujillo, Venezuela National ID number (Cédula): 5352190 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Judge serving as the President of the Political-Administrative Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) since 2022. In this position, Malaquías Gil Rodríguez was involved in the decision by the Chamber to disqualify opposition leader María Corina Machado as candidate in the presidential election of 28 July 2024, in January 2024. Therefore, the actions of Malaquías Gil Rodríguez have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 60. | Antonio José MENESES RODRÍGUEZ | Secretary-General of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) DOB: 10.12.1980 ID number (Cédula): V14316687 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Secretary-General of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) since August 2023. In this role, Antonio José Meneses Rodríguez delayed the processes in the electoral centers and forbade the acceptance of messages from the opposition addressed to the CNE revealing irregularities. Before assuming his function at the CNE, he signed a document of the Supreme Audit Office confirming the suspension of the electoral rights of opposition leader María Corina Machado. Therefore, Antonio José Meneses Rodríguez is responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 61. | Carlos Enrique QUINTERO CUEVAS | Vice President of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) DOB: 16.2.1972 Passport number: 10719241 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Vice President of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE). As Vice President of the CNE, Carlos Enrique Quintero Cuevas fully took part in the decision-making process of the CNE which impeded a transparent electoral process and the release of accurate election results and thus played a crucial role in the management of the presidential election of 28 July 2024. Therefore, his actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 62. | Conrado Ramón PÉREZ BRICEÑO | Principal Rector of the National Electoral Council (CNE) of Venezuela DOB: 24.4.1954 POB: Trujillo State, Venezuela National ID number (Cédula): 4323185 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Principal Rector of the National Electoral Council (CNE) of Venezuela since October 2024. He joined the CNE as alternate Rector and Member of the National Electoral Board of the CNE in August 2023. In his roles as alternate Rector and Member of the National Electoral Board of the CNE, Conrado Ramón Pérez Briceño participated in the decisions by the CNE in relation to the management of the electoral process, which impeded a transparent electoral process and the release of accurate election results and thus played a crucial role in the management of the presidential election of 28 July 2024. Therefore, his actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 63. | Rosalba GIL PACHECO | Principal Rector of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) and President of the Civil and Electoral Registry Commission, and Member of the Political Participation and Financing Commission of the CNE DOB: 18.3.1965 National ID number (Cédula): 6186648 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: female | Principal Rector of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) and President of the Civil and Electoral Registry Commission, and Member of the Political Participation and Financing Commission of the National Electoral Council (CNE) of Venezuela since August 2023. In her role as principal Rector of the CNE, Rosalba Gil Pacheco participated in the decisions by the CNE in relation to the management of the electoral process which has impeded a transparent electoral process and the release of accurate election results and thus played a crucial role in the management of the presidential election of 28 July 2024. Therefore, her actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 64. | Luis Ernesto DUEÑEZ REYES | Assistant Prosecutor, Public Prosecutor’s Office of Venezuela DOB: 20.9.1988 POB: San Cristobal, Venezuela National ID number (Cédula): 18880942 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Assistant Prosecutor in the Venezuelan Public Prosecutor’s office. In this role, Luis Ernesto Dueñez Reyes was involved in the political prosecution of Edmundo González Urrutia, presidential candidate of the democratic opposition. Edmundo González Urrutia is being prosecuted for multiple political “crimes”, as a result of which he was forced into exile. Therefore, the actions of Luis Ernesto Dueñez Reyes have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 65. | Edward Miguel BRICEÑO CISNEROS | Special Judge, First Court of First Instance of Venezuela ID number (Cédula): V-17514632 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Special Judge of the First Court of First Instance with jurisdiction over cases related to crimes associated with terrorism, and competence to hear crimes associated with corruption and organised crime. In this role, Edward Miguel Briceño Cisneros issued an arrest warrant on 2 September 2024 against Edmundo González Urrutia, presidential candidate of the democratic opposition. Edmundo González Urrutia is being prosecuted for multiple political “crimes”, as a result of which he was forced into exile. Therefore, Edward Miguel Briceño Cisneros is responsible for the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela and his actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 66. | Alexis José RODRÍGUEZ CABELLO | Director, Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) DOB: 1.10.1965 ID number (Cédula): V-8959785 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN). He was appointed by Nicolás Maduro in that function on 14 October 2024. The SEBIN has been involved in serious human rights violations, such as extrajudicial killings, arbitrary detentions, and the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela. As director of the SEBIN, Alexis José Rodríguez Cabello is responsible for serious human rights violations and abuses, and repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 67. | Miguel Antonio MUÑOZ PALACIOS | Deputy Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) DOB: 12.7.1964 Passport number: 6186648 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Deputy Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) since 2021. SEBIN Officials under his supervision have committed acts of arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, including sexual violence, in “El Helicoide” detention centre, a SEBIN prison. As Deputy Director of SEBIN Miguel Antonio Muñoz Palacios is therefore responsible for serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, inhuman and degrading treatment, torture, and the repression of civil society and the democratic opposition in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 68. | Elio Ramón ESTRADA PAREDES | Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard of Venezuela (GNB) DOB: 2.12.1966 POB: Caracas, Venezuela ID number (Cédula): 6857541 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard (GNB) since July 2023. As commander of the GNB, Elio Ramón Estrada Paredes was involved in serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, and the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela following the 28 July 2024 presidential election. Prior to his appointment as Commander of the GNB in July 2023, Elio Ramón Estrada Paredes led the Bolivarian National Police Corps (PNB) from May 2019 to July 2023, overseeing operations that resulted in human rights violations. Therefore, Elio Ramón Estrada Paredes is responsible for serious human rights violations and repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela. | 10.1.2025 |
| 69. | Asdrúbal José BRITO HERNÁNDEZ | Director of the Criminal Investigations department (DEIPC) DOB: 6.1.1974 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Director of the Criminal Investigations department (DEIPC) of the Directorate-General of Military Counterintelligence (DGCIM) since 2021. The DEIPC is in charge of conducting investigations and obtaining evidence against dissidents and opponents, as well as developing dossiers with information on potential targets. It also carries out arrests against such targets and leads interrogations of detainees in Boleíta, the headquarters of DGCIM and known location of especially high numbers of human rights violations and crimes, especially torture. As Director of the DEIPC, Asdrúbal José Brito Hernández is therefore responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, excessive use of force and ill-treatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities carried out by members of the DEIPC under his command, particularly at Boleíta Detention Centre. | 10.1.2025 |
| 70. | Domingo Antonio HERNÁNDEZ LÁREZ | Strategic Operational Commander of the National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela (FANB) DOB: 9.3.1964 Passport number: 6133376 Nationality: Venezuelan Gender: male | Strategic Operational Commander of the National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela (FANB) since 2021. The FANB was implicated in human rights violations during the repressions of peaceful demonstrations following the 28 July 2024 presidential election. In his role as Strategic Operational Commander of the FANB, Domingo Antonio Hernández Lárez is responsible for the integration, planning, programming, direction, execution, supervision, command and strategic operational control of security operations. Through his direct chain of command, he is responsible for human rights violations committed by members of the FANB, including killings, arbitrary arrests and repression of the opposition. | 10.1.2025 |
ANNEX V
List of natural and legal persons, entities and bodies referred to in Article 8(4)
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