Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (Text with EEA relevance.)

• (e) those areas shall be free from objects which might create an unacceptable risk to aircraft. This shall not preclude parking equipment required for that area in specifically identified positions or zones.

• 1.1.5. Other infrastructure intended for use by aircraft shall be so designed that use of that infrastructure does not create an unacceptable risk to aircraft using it.

• 1.1.6. Constructions, buildings, equipment or storage areas shall be located and designed so as not to create an unacceptable risk for aircraft operations.

• 1.1.7. Suitable means shall be provided to prevent unauthorised persons, unauthorised vehicles or animals large enough to create an unacceptable risk to aircraft operations from entering the movement area, without prejudice to national and international animal protection provisions.

1.2.   Obstacle clearances

• 1.2.1. To protect aircraft proceeding to an aerodrome for landing or for their departure from an aerodrome, arrival and departure routes or areas shall be established. Such routes or areas shall provide aircraft with the required clearance from obstacles located in the area surrounding the aerodrome taking due account of the local physical characteristics.

• 1.2.2. Such obstacle clearance shall be appropriate to the phase of flight and type of operation being conducted. It shall also take into account the equipment being used for determining the position of the aircraft.

1.3.   Safety-related aerodrome equipment, including visual and non-visual aids

• 1.3.1. Aids shall be fit for purpose, recognisable and provide unambiguous information to users under all intended operational conditions.

• 1.3.2. Safety-related aerodrome equipment shall function as intended under the foreseen operating conditions. Under operating conditions or in case of failure, safety-related aerodrome equipment shall not cause an unacceptable risk to aviation safety.

• 1.3.3. The aids and their electrical power supply system shall be so designed that failures do not result in inappropriate, misleading or insufficient information being given to users or in interruption of an essential service.

• 1.3.4. Suitable means of protection shall be provided to avoid damage or disturbance to such aids.

• 1.3.5. Sources of radiation or the presence of moving or fixed objects shall not interfere with or adversely affect the performance of aeronautical communications, navigation and surveillance systems.

• 1.3.6. Information on operation and use of safety-related aerodrome equipment shall be made available to relevant staff, including clear indications of the conditions which may create unacceptable risks to aviation safety.

1.4.   Aerodrome data

• 1.4.1. Data relevant to the aerodrome and the available services shall be established and kept up to date.

• 1.4.2. The data shall be accurate, readable, complete and unambiguous. Authenticity and appropriate integrity levels shall be maintained.

• 1.4.3. The data shall be made available to the users and the relevant ANS providers in a timely manner, using a sufficiently secure and expeditious method of communication.

2. OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT

2.1.   Responsibilities of the aerodrome operator

The aerodrome operator is responsible for operation of the aerodrome. The responsibilities of the aerodrome operator are as follows:

• (a) the aerodrome operator shall have, directly or through arrangements with third parties, all the means necessary to ensure safe operation of aircraft at the aerodrome. Those means shall include, but are not limited to, facilities, personnel, equipment and material, documentation of tasks, responsibilities and procedures, access to relevant data and record-keeping;

• (b) the aerodrome operator shall verify that the requirements of point 1 are complied with at all times or take appropriate measures to mitigate the risks associated with non-compliance. Procedures shall be established and applied to make all users aware of such measures in a timely manner;

• (c) the aerodrome operator shall establish and implement an appropriate aerodrome wildlife risk management programme directly or through arrangements with third parties;

• (d) the aerodrome operator shall ensure, directly or through arrangements with third parties, that movements of vehicles and persons in the movement area and other operational areas are coordinated with movements of aircraft in order to avoid collisions and damage to aircraft;

• (e) the aerodrome operator shall ensure that procedures to mitigate risks related to aerodrome operations in winter operation, adverse weather conditions, reduced visibility or at night, if applicable, are established and implemented;

• (f) the aerodrome operator shall establish arrangements with other relevant organisations to ensure continuing compliance with the essential requirements for aerodromes set out in this Annex. Those organisations include, but are not limited to, aircraft operators, ANS providers, groundhandling service providers, AMS providers and other organisations whose activities or products may have an effect on aircraft safety;

• (g) the aerodrome operator shall verify that organisations involved in storing and dispensing of fuel/energy for propulsion to aircraft have procedures to ensure that aircraft are provided with fuel/energy for propulsion which is uncontaminated and of the correct specification;

• (h) manuals for operation and maintenance of aerodrome equipment shall be available, applied in practice and cover maintenance and repair instructions, servicing information, troubleshooting and inspection procedures;

• (i) the aerodrome operator shall establish, directly or through arrangements with third parties, and implement an aerodrome emergency plan, covering emergency scenarios that may occur at the aerodrome or in its surroundings. This plan shall be coordinated, as appropriate, with the community emergency plan;

• (j) the aerodrome operator shall ensure, directly or through arrangements with third parties, that adequate aerodrome rescue and firefighting services are provided. Such services shall respond to an incident or accident with due urgency and shall include at least equipment, extinguishing agents and a sufficient number of personnel;

• (k) the aerodrome operator shall use only trained and qualified personnel for aerodrome operations and maintenance and shall, directly or through arrangements with third parties, implement and maintain training and checking programmes to ensure the continuing competence of all relevant personnel;

• (l) the aerodrome operator shall ensure that any person permitted unescorted access to the movement area or other operational areas is adequately trained and qualified for such access;

• (m) the rescue and firefighting personnel shall be properly trained and qualified to operate in the aerodrome environment. The aerodrome operator shall, directly or through arrangements with third parties, implement and maintain training and checking programmes to ensure the continuing competence of this personnel; and

• (n) all rescue and firefighting personnel potentially required to act in aviation emergencies shall periodically demonstrate their medical fitness to execute their functions satisfactorily, taking into account the type of activity. In this context, medical fitness, comprising both physical and mental fitness, means not suffering from any disease or disability which could make this personnel unable:
• — to execute the tasks necessary to operate in aviation emergencies;
• — to perform their assigned duties at any time; or
• — to perceive their environment correctly.

2.2.   Management systems

• 2.2.1. As appropriate for the type of activity undertaken and the size of the organisation, the aerodrome operator shall implement and maintain a management system to ensure compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex, manage safety risks, and aim for continuous improvement of this system.

• 2.2.2. The aerodrome operator shall establish an occurrence reporting system as part of the management system under point 2.2.1, in order to contribute to the aim of continuous improvement of safety. The analysis of information from this occurrence reporting system shall involve the parties listed in point 2.1(f), as appropriate. The occurrence reporting system shall be compliant with the applicable Union law.

• 2.2.3. The aerodrome operator shall develop an aerodrome manual and operate in accordance with that manual. Such manuals shall contain all necessary instructions, information and procedures for the aerodrome, the management system and for operations and maintenance personnel to perform their duties.

3. AERODROME SURROUNDINGS

• 3.1.1. The airspace around aerodrome movement areas shall be safeguarded from obstacles so as to permit the intended aircraft operations at the aerodromes without creating an unacceptable risk caused by the development of obstacles around the aerodrome. Obstacle monitoring surfaces shall therefore be developed, implemented and continuously monitored to identify any infringing penetration.

• 3.1.2. Any infringement of those surfaces will require an assessment to identify whether or not the object creates an unacceptable risk. Any object posing an unacceptable risk shall be removed or appropriate mitigating action shall be taken to protect aircraft using the aerodrome.

• 3.1.3. Any remaining obstacles shall be published and, depending on the need, shall be marked and, where necessary, made visible by means of lights.

• 3.2. Hazards related to human activities and land use, such as, but not limited to, items on the following list, shall be monitored. The risk caused by them shall be assessed and mitigated as appropriate:

• (a) any development or change in land use in the aerodrome area;

• (b) the possibility of obstacle-induced turbulence;

• (c) the use of hazardous, confusing and misleading lights;

• (d) the dazzling caused by large and highly reflective surfaces;

• (e) the creation of areas that might encourage wildlife activity in the surroundings of the aerodrome movement area; or

• (f) sources of non-visible radiation or the presence of moving or fixed objects which may interfere with, or adversely affect, the performance of aeronautical communications, navigation and surveillance systems.

• 3.3. The Member States shall ensure that an emergency plan is established for aviation emergency situations occurring in the aerodrome local area.

4. GROUNDHANDLING SERVICES

4.1.   Responsibilities of the groundhandling services provider

The provider of groundhandling service is responsible for the safe operation of its activities at the aerodrome. The responsibilities of the provider are as follows:

• (a) the provider shall have all the means necessary to ensure safe provision of service at the aerodrome. Those means shall include, but are not limited to, facilities, personnel, equipment and material;

• (b) the provider shall comply with the procedures contained in the aerodrome manual, including those in relation to movements of its vehicles, equipment and personnel and the risk related to aerodrome operations in winter, at night and in adverse weather conditions;

• (c) the provider shall provide the groundhandling services in accordance with the procedures and instructions of the aircraft operator it serves;

• (d) the provider shall ensure that manuals for the operation and maintenance of groundhandling equipment are available, applied in practice and cover operation, maintenance and repair instructions, servicing information, troubleshooting and inspection procedures;

• (e) the provider shall use only adequately trained and qualified personnel and shall ensure the implementation and maintenance of training and checking programmes to ensure the continuing competence of all relevant personnel;

• (f) the provider shall ensure that its personnel is physically and mentally fit to execute their functions satisfactorily, taking into account the type of activity and in particular its potential safety and safety-related security impact.

4.2.   Management systems

• 4.2.1. As appropriate for the type of activity undertaken and the size of the organisation, the provider shall implement and maintain a management system to ensure compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex, manage safety risks and to aim for continuous improvement of this system. Such system shall be coordinated with the management system of the aerodrome operator.

• 4.2.2. The provider shall establish an occurrence reporting system as part of the management system under point 4.2.1 in order to contribute to the aim of continuous improvement of safety. Without prejudice to other reporting obligations, the provider shall transmit all occurrences to the reporting system of the aerodrome operator, the aircraft operator and, if relevant, to that of the air traffic service provider. The occurrence reporting system shall be compliant with the applicable Union law.

• 4.2.3. The provider shall develop a groundhandling service manual and operate in accordance with that manual. Such manual shall contain all necessary instructions, information and procedures for the service, the management system and for service personnel to perform their duties.

5. APRON MANAGEMENT SERVICES (AMS)

• 5.1. The AMS provider shall provide its services in accordance with the operating procedures included in the aerodrome manual.

• 5.2. As appropriate for the type of activity undertaken and the size of the organisation, the AMS provider shall implement and maintain a management system, including safety management, to ensure compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex.

• 5.3. The AMS provider shall establish formal arrangements with the aerodrome operator and the air traffic services provider describing the scope of the services to be provided.

• 5.4. The AMS provider shall establish an occurrence reporting system as part of the management system under point 5.2 in order to contribute to the aim of continuous improvement of safety. Without prejudice to other reporting obligations, the provider shall transmit all occurrences to the reporting system of the aerodrome operator, and, if relevant, to that of the air traffic services provider.

• 5.5. The AMS provider shall participate in the safety programmes established by the aerodrome operator.

6. OTHERS

Without prejudice to the responsibilities of the aircraft operator, the aerodrome operator shall ensure that, except for aircraft emergency situations, when diverting to an alternate aerodrome, or under other conditions specified in each case, an aerodrome or parts thereof shall not be used by aircraft for which the aerodrome design and operating procedures are not normally intended.

ANNEX VIII

Essential requirements for ATM/ANS and air traffic controllers

1. USE OF THE AIRSPACE

• 1.1. All aircraft, excluding those engaged in the activities referred to in Article 2(3)(a), in all phases of flight or on the movement area of an aerodrome, shall be operated in accordance with common general operating rules and any applicable procedure specified for the use of airspace.

• 1.2. All aircraft, excluding those engaged in the activities referred to in Article 2(3)(a), shall be equipped with the required constituents and operated accordingly. Constituents used in the ATM/ANS system shall also comply with the requirements in point 3.

2. SERVICES

2.1.   Aeronautical information and data for airspace users for the purpose of air navigation

• 2.1.1. The data used as a source for aeronautical information shall be of sufficient quality, complete, current and provided in a timely manner.

• 2.1.2. Aeronautical information shall be accurate, complete, current, unambiguous, from a legitimate source, and of adequate integrity, as well as in a format suitable for users.

• 2.1.3. The dissemination of such aeronautical information to airspace users shall be timely and use sufficiently reliable and expeditious means of communication protected from intentional and unintentional interference and corruption.

2.2.   Meteorological information

• 2.2.1. The data used as a source for aeronautical meteorological information shall be of sufficient quality, complete and current.

• 2.2.2. To the extent possible, aeronautical meteorological information shall be precise, complete, current, of adequate integrity and unambiguous in order to meet the needs of airspace users. Aeronautical meteorological information shall be from a legitimate source.

• 2.2.3. The dissemination of such aeronautical meteorological information to airspace users shall be timely and use sufficiently reliable and expeditious means of communication protected from interference and corruption.

2.3.   Air traffic services

• 2.3.1. The data used as a source for the provision of air traffic services shall be correct, complete and current.

• 2.3.2. The provision of air traffic services shall be sufficiently precise, complete, current, and unambiguous to meet the safety needs of users.

• 2.3.3. Automated tools providing information or advice to users shall be properly designed, produced and maintained to ensure that they are fit for their intended purpose.

• 2.3.4. Air traffic control services and related processes shall provide for adequate separation between aircraft and, on the aerodrome manoeuvring area, prevent collisions between aircraft and obstructions and, where appropriate, assist in protection from other airborne hazards and shall ensure prompt and timely coordination with all relevant users and adjacent volumes of airspace.

• 2.3.5. Communication between air traffic services and aircraft and between relevant air traffic services units shall be timely, clear, correct and unambiguous, protected from interference and commonly understood and, if applicable, acknowledged by all actors involved.

• 2.3.6. Means shall be in place to detect possible emergencies and, when appropriate, to initiate effective search and rescue action. Such means shall, as a minimum, comprise appropriate alerting mechanisms, coordination measures and procedures, means and personnel to cover the area of responsibility efficiently.

2.3a.   Air traffic data services

• 2.3a.1.The air traffic data collected shall be of sufficient quality, complete, current, from a legitimate source and provided in a timely manner.

• 2.3a.2.The air traffic data services shall achieve and maintain sufficient performance with regard to their availability, integrity, continuity and timeliness to meet the user’s needs.

• 2.3a.3.The systems and tools providing air traffic data services shall be properly designed, produced and maintained to ensure that they are fit for their intended purpose.

• 2.3a.4.The dissemination of such data shall be timely and use sufficiently reliable and expeditious means of communication protected from intentional and unintentional interference and corruption.

2.4.   Communication services

Communication services shall achieve and maintain sufficient performance with regard to their availability, integrity, continuity and timeliness. They shall be expeditious and protected from corruption and interference.

2.5.   Navigation services

Navigation services shall achieve and maintain a sufficient level of performance with regard to guidance, positioning and, when provided, timing information. The performance criteria include accuracy, integrity, legitimacy of the source, availability, and continuity of the service.

2.6.   Surveillance services

Surveillance services shall determine the respective position of aircraft in the air and of other aircraft and ground vehicles on the aerodrome surface, with sufficient performance with regard to their accuracy, integrity, legitimacy of the source, continuity and probability of detection.

2.7.   Air traffic flow management

The tactical management of air traffic flows at Union level shall use and provide sufficiently precise and current information of the volume and nature of the planned air traffic affecting service provision and shall coordinate and negotiate re-routing or delaying traffic flows in order to reduce the risk of overloading situations occurring in the air or at the aerodromes. Flow management shall be performed with a view to optimising available capacity in the use of airspace and enhancing air traffic flow management processes. It shall be based on safety, transparency and efficiency, ensuring that capacity is provided in a flexible and timely manner, consistent with the European Air Navigation Plan.

The measures referred to in Article 43, concerning flow management shall support operational decisions by air navigation service providers, aerodrome operators and airspace users and shall cover the following areas:

• (a) flight planning;

• (b) use of available airspace capacity during all phases of flight, including en-route slot assignment;

• (c) use of routings by general air traffic, including:
• — the creation of a single publication for route and traffic orientation,
• — options for diversion of general air traffic from congested areas, and
• — priority rules regarding access to airspace for general air traffic, particularly during periods of congestion and crisis; and

• (d) the consistency between flight plans and airport slots and the necessary coordination with adjacent regions, as appropriate.

2.8.   Airspace management

The designation of specific volumes of airspace for a certain use shall be monitored, coordinated and promulgated in a timely manner in order to reduce the risk of loss of separation between aircraft in all circumstances. Taking into account the organisation of military activities and related aspects under the responsibility of the Member States, airspace management shall also support the uniform application of the concept of the flexible use of airspace as described by the ICAO and as implemented under Regulation (EU) 2024/2803, in order to facilitate airspace management and air traffic management in the context of the common transport policy.

2.9.   Flight procedure design

Flight procedures shall be properly designed, surveyed and validated before they can be deployed and used by aircraft.

3. SYSTEMS AND CONSTITUENTS

3.1.   General

ATM/ANS systems and ATM/ANS constituents providing related information to and from the aircraft and on the ground shall be properly designed, produced, installed, maintained, protected against unauthorised interference and operated to ensure that they are fit for their intended purpose.

The systems and procedures shall include in particular those required to support the following functions and services:

• (a) Airspace management;

• (b) Air traffic flow management;

• (c) Air traffic services, in particular flight data processing systems, surveillance data processing systems and human-machine interface systems;

• (d) Communications including ground-to-ground/space, air-to-ground and air-to-air/space communications;

• (e) Navigation;

• (f) Surveillance;

• (g) Aeronautical information services; and

• (h) Meteorological services.

3.2.   System and constituent integrity, performance and reliability

The integrity and safety-related performance of systems and constituents whether on aircraft, on the ground or in space, shall be fit for their intended purpose. They shall meet the required level of operational performance for all their foreseeable operating conditions and for their whole operational life.

ATM/ANS systems and ATM/ANS constituents shall be designed, built, maintained and operated using the appropriate and validated procedures, in such a way as to ensure the seamless operation of the European air traffic management network (EATMN) at all times and for all phases of flight. Seamless operation can be expressed, in particular, in terms of information-sharing, including the relevant operational status information, common understanding of information, comparable processing performances and the associated procedures enabling common operational performances agreed for the whole or parts of the EATMN.

The EATMN, its systems and their constituents shall support, on a coordinated basis, new agreed and validated concepts of operation that improve the quality, sustainability and effectiveness of air navigation services, in particular in terms of safety and capacity.

The EATMN, its systems and their constituents shall support the progressive implementation of civil/military coordination, to the extent necessary for effective airspace and air traffic flow management, and the safe and efficient use of airspace by all users, through the application of the concept of the flexible use of airspace.

To achieve those objectives, the EATMN, its systems and their constituents shall support the timely sharing of correct and consistent information covering all phases of flight, between civil and military parties, without prejudice to security or defence policy interests, including requirements on confidentiality.

3.3.   Design of systems and constituents

• 3.3.1. Systems and constituents shall be designed to meet applicable safety and security requirements.

• 3.3.2. Systems and constituents, considered collectively, separately and in relation to each other, shall be designed in such a way that an inverse relationship exists between the probability that any failure can result in a total system failure and the severity of its effect on the safety of services.

• 3.3.3. Systems and constituents, considered individually and in combination with each other, shall be designed taking into account limitations related to human capabilities and performance.

• 3.3.4. Systems and constituents shall be designed in a manner that protects them and the data they convey from harmful interactions with internal and external elements.

• 3.3.5. Information needed for production, installation, operation and maintenance of the systems and constituents as well as information concerning unsafe conditions shall be provided to personnel in a clear, consistent and unambiguous manner.

3.4.   Continuing level of service

Safety levels of systems and constituents shall be maintained during service and any modifications to service.

4. QUALIFICATION OF AIR TRAFFIC CONTROLLERS

4.1.   General

A person undertaking training as an air traffic controller or as a student air traffic controller, shall be sufficiently mature educationally, physically and mentally to acquire, retain and demonstrate the relevant theoretical knowledge and practical skill.

4.2.   Theoretical knowledge

• 4.2.1. An air traffic controller shall acquire and maintain a level of knowledge appropriate to the functions exercised and proportionate to the risks associated with the type of service.

• 4.2.2. Acquisition and retention of theoretical knowledge shall be demonstrated by continuous assessment during training, or by appropriate examinations.

• 4.2.3. An appropriate level of theoretical knowledge shall be maintained. Compliance shall be demonstrated by regular assessments or examinations. The frequency of examinations shall be proportionate to the level of risk associated with the type of service.

4.3.   Practical skill

• 4.3.1. An air traffic controller shall acquire and maintain the practical skills appropriate to exercise his or her functions. Such skills shall be proportionate to the risks associated with the type of service and shall cover at least, if appropriate to the functions exercised, the following items:

• (a) operational procedures;

• (b) task specific aspects;

• (c) abnormal and emergency situations; and

• (d) human factors.

• 4.3.2. An air traffic controller shall demonstrate the ability to perform the associated procedures and tasks with a level of competence appropriate to the functions exercised.

• 4.3.3. A satisfactory level of competence in practical skill shall be maintained. Compliance shall be verified by regular assessments. The frequency of those assessments shall be proportionate to the complexity and the level of risk associated with the type of service and the tasks performed.

4.4.   Language proficiency

• 4.4.1. An air traffic controller shall demonstrate proficiency to speak and understand English to the extent he/she is able to communicate effectively in voice-only (telephone/radiotelephone) and in face-to-face situations on concrete and work-related topics, including in emergency situations.

• 4.4.2. Whenever necessary in a defined volume of airspace for Air Traffic Service (ATS) provision purposes, an air traffic controller shall also have proficiency to speak and understand the national language(s) to the extent described above.

4.5.   Synthetic training devices (STD)

When an STD is used for practical training on situational awareness and human factors or to demonstrate that skills are acquired or maintained, it shall have a level of performance that allows adequate simulation of the working environment and operational situations appropriate to the training provided.

4.6.   Training course

• 4.6.1. Training shall be given by a training course, which may comprise theoretical and practical instruction, including training on an STD, if applicable.

• 4.6.2. A course shall be defined and approved for each type of training.

4.7.   Instructors

• 4.7.1. Theoretical instruction shall be given by appropriately qualified instructors. They shall:

• (a) have appropriate knowledge in the field where instruction is to be given; and

• (b) have demonstrated the ability to use appropriate instructional techniques.

• 4.7.2. Instruction on practical skills shall be given by appropriately qualified instructors, who have the following qualifications:

• (a) meet the theoretical knowledge and the experience requirements appropriate to the instruction being given;

• (b) have demonstrated the ability to instruct and to use appropriate instructional techniques;

• (c) have practised instructional techniques in those procedures in which it is intended to provide instruction; and

• (d) receive regular refresher training to ensure that the instructional competences are maintained up to date.

• 4.7.3. Instructors on practical skills shall also be or have been entitled to act as an air traffic controller.

4.8.   Assessors

• 4.8.1. Persons responsible for assessing the skill of air traffic controllers shall:

• (a) have demonstrated the ability to assess the performance of, and conduct tests and checks on air traffic controllers; and

• (b) receive regular refresher training to ensure that the assessment standards are maintained up to date.

• 4.8.2. Assessors on practical skills shall also be or have been entitled to act as an air traffic controller in those areas in which assessment is to be made.

4.9.   Medical fitness of an air traffic controller

• 4.9.1. All air traffic controllers shall periodically demonstrate medical fitness to satisfactorily execute their functions. Compliance shall be shown by appropriate assessment taking into account the possible mental and physical degradation due to age.

• 4.9.2. Demonstration of medical fitness, comprising physical and mental fitness, shall include the demonstrated absence of any disease or disability, which makes the person providing an air traffic control (ATC) service unable:

• (a) to execute properly the tasks necessary to provide an ATC service,

• (b) to perform assigned duties at any time, or

• (c) to perceive correctly his/her environment.

• 4.9.3. Where medical fitness cannot be fully demonstrated, mitigation measures that provide equivalent safety may be implemented.

5. SERVICE PROVIDERS AND TRAINING ORGANISATIONS

• 5.1. Service provision shall not be undertaken unless the following conditions are met:

• (a) the service provider shall have directly or through agreements with third parties the means necessary for the scale and scope of the service. Those means shall comprise but are not limited to the following: systems, facilities, including power supply, management structure, personnel, equipment and its maintenance, documentation of tasks, responsibilities and procedures, access to relevant data and record-keeping;

• (b) the service provider shall develop and keep up-to-date management and operations manuals relating to the provision of its services and operate in accordance with those manuals. Such manuals shall contain all necessary instructions, information and procedures for the operations, the management system and for operations personnel to perform their duties;

• (c) as appropriate for the type of activity undertaken and the size of the organisation, the service provider shall implement and maintain a management system to ensure compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex, manage safety and security risks and aim for continuous improvement of this system;

• (d) the service provider shall use only suitably qualified and trained personnel and implement and maintain training and checking programmes for the personnel;

• (e) the service provider shall establish formal interfaces with all stakeholders which may influence directly the safety of their services to ensure compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex;

• (f) the service provider shall establish and implement a contingency plan covering emergency and abnormal situations that may occur in relation to its services, including in the case of events which result in significant degradation or interruption of its operations;

• (g) the service provider shall establish an occurrence reporting system as part of the management system under point (c) in order to contribute to the aim of continuous improvement of safety. The occurrence reporting system shall be compliant with the applicable Union law; and

• (h) the service provider shall make arrangements to verify that the safety performance requirements of any system and constituent they operate are met at any time.

• 5.2. ATC service provision shall not be undertaken unless the following conditions are met:

• (a) the prevention of fatigue of personnel providing an ATC service shall be managed through a rostering system. Such a rostering system needs to address duty periods, duty time and adapted rest periods. Limitations established within the rostering system shall take into account relevant factors contributing to fatigue such as, in particular, sleep deprivation, disruption of circadian cycles, night hours, cumulative duty time for given periods of time and also the sharing of allocated tasks between personnel;

• (b) the prevention of stress of personnel providing an ATC service shall be managed through education and prevention programmes;

• (c) the ATC service provider shall have in place procedures to verify that the cognitive judgement of personnel providing ATC services is not impaired or their medical fitness insufficient; and

• (d) the ATC service provider shall take into account operational and technical constraints as well as human factor principles in its planning and operations.

• 5.3. Communication, navigation and/or surveillance service provision shall not be undertaken unless the following condition is met:

The service provider shall keep relevant airspace users and ATS units informed on a timely basis of the operational status (and changes thereof) of their services provided for ATS purposes.

• 5.4. Training organisations

A training organisation providing training for personnel providing an ATC service shall meet the following requirements:

• (a) have all the means necessary for the scope of responsibilities associated with their activity. Those means comprise, but are not limited to, the following: facilities, personnel, equipment, methodology, documentation of tasks, responsibilities and procedures, access to relevant data and record-keeping;

• (b) as appropriate for the training provided and the size of the organisation, shall implement and maintain a management system to ensure compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex, manage safety risks, including risks related to deterioration in the standard of training, and aim for continuous improvement of this system; and

• (c) establish arrangements with other relevant organisations, as necessary, to ensure continuing compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex.

6. AEROMEDICAL EXAMINERS AND AEROMEDICAL CENTRES

6.1.   Aero-medical examiners

An aero-medical examiner must:

• (a) be qualified and licensed in the practice of medicine;

• (b) have received training in aviation medicine and regular refresher training in aviation medicine to ensure that assessment standards are maintained up to date; and

• (c) have acquired practical knowledge and experience with regard to the conditions in which air traffic controllers carry out their duties.

6.2.   Aero-medical centres

Aero-medical centres must meet the following conditions:

• (a) have all the means necessary for the scope of responsibilities associated with their privileges. Those means comprise, but are not limited to, the following: facilities, personnel, equipment, tools and material, documentation of tasks, responsibilities and procedures, access to relevant data and record-keeping;

• (b) as appropriate for the type of activity undertaken and the size of the organisation, implement and maintain a management system to ensure compliance with the essential requirements set out in this Annex, manage safety risks and aim for continuous improvement of this system; and

• (c) establish arrangements with other relevant organisations, as necessary, to ensure continuing compliance with the requirements set out in this Annex.

7. FINANCIAL ROBUSTNESS, LIABILITY, INSURANCE COVER REQUIREMENTS, OWNERSHIP AND ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE

Providers of ATM/ANS shall, in view of ensuring a safe and continuous service provision:

• (a) demonstrate sufficient financial robustness;

• (b) have obtained appropriate liability and insurance cover, taking into account their legal status and the level of commercial insurance cover available; and

• (c) comply with applicable requirements on ownership and organisational structure in view of preventing of conflicts of interest to ensure a non-discriminatory service provision.

ANNEX IX

Essential requirements for unmanned aircraft

1. ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DESIGN, PRODUCTION, MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT

• 1.1. The operator and the remote pilot of an unmanned aircraft must be aware of the applicable Union and national rules relating to the intended operations, in particular with regard to safety, privacy, data protection, liability, insurance, security and environmental protection. The operator and the remote pilot must be able to ensure the safety of operation and safe separation of the unmanned aircraft from people on the ground and from other airspace users. This includes good knowledge of the operating instructions provided by the producer, of safe and environmentally-friendly use of unmanned aircraft in the airspace, and of all relevant functionalities of the unmanned aircraft and applicable rules of the air and ATM/ANS procedures.

• 1.2. An unmanned aircraft must be designed and constructed so that it is fit for its intended function, and can be operated, adjusted and maintained without putting persons at risk.

• 1.3. If necessary to mitigate risks pertaining to safety, privacy, protection of personal data, security or the environment, arising from the operation, the unmanned aircraft must have the corresponding and specific features and functionalities which take into account the principles of privacy and protection of personal data by design and by default. According to the needs those features and functionalities must ensure easy identification of the aircraft and of the nature and purpose of the operation; and must ensure that applicable limitations, prohibitions or conditions be complied with, in particular with respect to the operation in particular geographical zones, beyond certain distances from the operator or at certain altitudes.

• 1.4. The organisation responsible for the production or for the marketing of the unmanned aircraft must provide information to the operator of an unmanned aircraft and, where relevant, to the maintenance organisation on the kind of operations for which the unmanned aircraft is designed together with the limitations and information necessary for its safe operation, including operational and environmental performance, airworthiness limitations and emergency procedures. This information shall be given in a clear, consistent and unambiguous manner. The operational capabilities of unmanned aircraft that can be used in operations that do not require a certificate or declaration must allow the possibility to introduce limitations which meet airspace rules applicable to such operations.

2. ADDITIONAL ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DESIGN, PRODUCTION, MAINTENANCE AND OPERATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT REFERRED TO ARTICLE 56(1) AND (5)

Taking in account the objectives set out in Article 1, the following requirements must be met to ensure safety for people on the ground and other airspace users during the operation of the unmanned aircraft, taking into account the level of risk of the operation as necessary:

2.1.   Airworthiness

• 2.1.1. Unmanned aircraft must be designed in a way that, or contain features or details that, the safety of the person operating the unmanned aircraft or of third parties in the air or on the ground, including property, can be satisfactorily demonstrated.

• 2.1.2. Unmanned aircraft must provide product integrity that is proportionate to the risk in all anticipated flight conditions.

• 2.1.3. Unmanned aircraft must be safely controllable and manoeuvrable, as necessary under all anticipated operating conditions including following the failure of one or, if appropriate, more systems. Due account must be taken of human-factor considerations, in particular available knowledge about factors conducive to safe operation of technology by humans.

• 2.1.4. Unmanned aircraft and their engines, propellers, parts, non-installed equipment, and equipment to control the unmanned aircraft remotely must function as intended under any foreseeable operating conditions, throughout, and sufficiently beyond, the operation for which the aircraft was designed.

• 2.1.5. Unmanned aircraft and their engines, propellers, parts, non-installed equipment, and equipment to control the unmanned aircraft remotely, considered separately and in relation to each other, must be designed such that the probability of a failure condition and the severity of its effect on people on the ground and other airspace users are mitigated on the basis of the principles laid down in Article 4(2).

• 2.1.6. Any equipment to control the unmanned aircraft remotely involved in the operation must be so as to facilitate flight operations, including means providing situational awareness, and management of any expected situation and emergencies.

• 2.1.7. Organisations involved in the design of unmanned aircraft, engines and propellers must take precautions so as to minimise the hazards arising from conditions, both internal and external to the unmanned aircraft and their systems, that experience has shown to have a safety impact. This includes protection against interference by electronic means.

• 2.1.8. The manufacturing processes, materials and components used to produce the unmanned aircraft must result in adequate and reproducible properties and performance that are compliant with the design properties.

2.2.   Organisations

Organisations involved in unmanned aircraft design, production, maintenance, operations, related services and training shall meet the following conditions:

• (a) the organisation must have all the means necessary for the scope of its work and ensure compliance with the essential requirements and the delegated act referred to in Article 58 and the implementing acts referred to in Article 57, relevant for its activity;

• (b) the organisation must implement and maintain a management system to ensure compliance with the relevant essential requirements, manage safety risks and aim for continuous improvement of this system. Such management system must be proportionate to the organisation's type of activity and size;

• (c) the organisation must establish an occurrence reporting system, as part of the safety management system, in order to contribute to the continuous improvement of safety. Such reporting system must be proportionate to the organisation's type of activity and size;

• (d) the organisation must establish arrangements, where relevant, with other organisations to ensure continuing compliance with the relevant essential requirements.

2.3.   Persons involved in operation of unmanned aircraft

Any person involved in the operation of an unmanned aircraft, including the remote pilot, shall possess the required knowledge and skills necessary to ensure the safety of the operation and proportionate to the risk associated with the type of operation. This person shall also demonstrate medical fitness, if this is necessary to mitigate the risks involved in the operation concerned.

2.4.   Operations

• 2.4.1. The operator of an unmanned aircraft is responsible for the operation and must take any appropriate actions to ensure the safety of the operation.

• 2.4.2. A flight must be performed in accordance with the applicable laws, regulations and procedures, pertinent to the performance of their duties, prescribed for the area, airspace, aerodromes or sites planned to be used and, where applicable, related ATM/ANS systems.

• 2.4.3. Operations with unmanned aircraft must ensure the safety of third parties on the ground and of other airspace users and minimise the risks resulting from adverse external and internal conditions, including environmental conditions, through maintaining appropriate separation distance during all phases of the flight.

• 2.4.4. Unmanned aircraft must be operated only if it is in airworthy condition and where the equipment and the other components and services necessary for the intended operation are available and serviceable.

• 2.4.5. Unmanned aircraft and operations with unmanned aircraft must comply with relevant rights guaranteed under Union law.

• 2.4.6. The operator of an unmanned aircraft must ensure that the aircraft has the necessary navigation, communication, surveillance, detect and avoid equipment, as well as any other equipment deemed necessary for the safety of the intended flight, taking account of the nature of the operation, air traffic regulations and rules of the air applicable during any phase of the flight.

2.5.   Essential requirements relating to electromagnetic compatibility and radio spectrum, for unmanned aircraft, as well as associated engines, propellers, parts and non-installed equipment, the design of which is certified in accordance with Article 56(1) and which are intended to operate only on frequencies allocated by the Radio Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union for protected aeronautical use

• 2.5.1. Those unmanned aircraft, engines, propellers, parts and non-installed equipment shall be designed and produced in such a manner, having regard to the state of the art, as to ensure that:

• (a) the electromagnetic disturbance which they generate does not exceed the level above which radio and telecommunications equipment or other equipment cannot operate as intended; and

• (b) they have a level of immunity to the electromagnetic disturbance which allows them to operate without unacceptable degradation of their intended use.

• 2.5.2. Those unmanned aircraft, engines, propellers, parts and non-installed equipment shall be designed and produced in such a manner, having regard to the state of the art, as to ensure that they effectively use and support the efficient use of radio spectrum in order to avoid harmful interference.

3. ESSENTIAL ENVIRONMENTAL REQUIREMENTS FOR UNMANNED AIRCRAFT

Unmanned aircraft shall comply with the environmental performance requirements set out in Annex III.

4. ESSENTIAL REQUIREMENTS FOR REGISTRATION OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT AND THEIR OPERATORS AND MARKING OF UNMANNED AIRCRAFT

• 4.1. Without prejudice to obligations of Member States under the Chicago Convention unmanned aircraft the design of which is subject to certification pursuant to Article 56(1) shall be registered in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in Article 57.

• 4.2. Operators of unmanned aircraft shall be registered in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in Article 57, where they operate any of the following:

• (a) unmanned aircraft which, in the case of impact, can transfer, to a human, kinetic energy above 80 Joules;

• (b) unmanned aircraft the operation of which presents risks to privacy, protection of personal data, security or the environment;

• (c) unmanned aircraft the design of which is subject to certification pursuant to Article 56(1).

• 4.3. Where a requirement of registration applies pursuant to point 4.1 or 4.2, the unmanned aircraft concerned shall be individually marked and identified, in accordance with the implementing acts referred to in Article 57.

ANNEX X

Correlation table

Regulation (EC) No 216/2008	This Regulation
Article 1(1)	Article 2(1) and (2)
Article 1(2)	Article 2(3)
Article 1(3)	Article 2(5)
Article 2	Article 1
Article 3	Article 3
Article 4(1)(a)	Article 2(1)(a)
Article 4(1)(b)	Article 2(1)(b)(i)
Article 4(1)(c)	Article 2(1)(b)(ii)
—	Article 2(1)(b)(iii)
Article 4(1)(d)	Article 2(1)(c)
Article 4(2)	Article 2(2)
Article 4(3)	Article 2(1)(b) and (c)
Article 4(3a)	Article 2(1)(d), (e) and (2)
—	Article 2(4)
—	Article 2(6)
Article 4(3b)	Article 2(7)
Article 4(3c)	Article 2(1)(g) and (2)
Article 4(4) and (5)	Article 2(3)(d)
Article 4(6)	—
—	Article 2(8) to (11)
—	Article 4
—	Article 5
—	Article 6
—	Article 7
—	Article 8
Article 5(1), (2) and (3)	Articles 9 to 16
Article 5(4)(a) and (b)	Article 18(2)
Article 5(4)(c)	Article 18(1)(b)
—	Article 18(1)(a)
Article 5(5)	Article 17 and 19
Article 5(6)	Article 4
Article 6	Articles 9(2) and 19(3)
Article 7(1) and (2)	Articles 20 and 21
Article 8(4)	Article 22
Article 7(3) to (7)	Articles 23 to 28
Article 8(1) to (3)	Articles 29, 30(1) to (3)
—	Article 30(4) to (7)
Article 8(5)	Article 31 and 32
Article 8(6)	Article 4
Article 8a(1) to (5)	Articles 33 to 39
Article 8a(6)	Article 4
Article 8b(1) to (6)	Articles 40 to 47
Article 8b(7)	Article 4
Article 8c(1) to (10)	Articles 48 to 54
Article 8c(11)	Article 4
—	Articles 55 to 58
Article 9	Articles 59 to 61
Article 10(1) to (3)	Article 62(1) and (2)
—	Article 62(3) to (8)
Article 10(4)	Article 62(9)
—	Article 62(10) to (12)
Article 10(5)	Article 62(13) to (15)
—	Article 63
—	Article 64
—	Article 65
—	Article 66
Article 11(1) to (3)	Article 67(1) to (3)
Article 11(4) to (5b)	—
Article 11(6)	Article 67(4)
Article 12	Article 68
Article 13	Article 69
Article 14(1) to (3)	Article 70
Article 14(4) to (7)	Article 71
Article 15	Article 72
Article 16	Article 73
—	Article 74
Article 17	Article 75
Article 18	Article 76(1) to (5)
Article 19	Article 76(1) to (5)
Article 20	Article 77
Article 21	Article 78
Article 22(1)	Article 76(6)
Article 22(2)	Article 76(7)
—	Article 79
Article 22a	Article 80
Article 22b	Article 81
Article 23	Article 82(1) and (2)
—	Article 82(3)
Articles 24 and 54	Article 85
Article 25	Article 84
Article 26	Article 86(1) – (4)
—	Article 86(5)
—	Article 87
—	Article 88
—	Article 89
Article 27	Article 90(1) to (3)
—	Article 90(4) to (6)
—	Article 91
—	Article 92
—	Article 93
Article 28(1) and (2)	Article 94(1) and (2)
—	Article 94(3)
Article 28(3) and (4)	Article 94(4) and (5)
Article 29(1)	Article 95(1)
Article 29(2)	Article 98(2)(m) and (6)
Article 29(3)	—
—	Article 95(2)
Article 30	Article 96
Article 31	Article 97
Article 32(1)	Article 119(3)
Article 32(2)	Article 119(6)
Article 33	Article 98(1) to (5)
Article 34(1)	Article 99(1) and (2)
—	Article 99(3)
Article 34(2) and (3)	Article 99(4) and (5)
Article 35	Article 100
Article 36	Article 101
Article 37(1) to (3)	Article 102(1) to (3)
—	Article 102(4)
Article 38(1) to (3)	Article 104(1) to (3)
—	Article 104(4)
Article 39	—
—	Article 103
Article 40	Article 105
Article 41(1)	—
Article 41(2) and (3)	Article 106(1)
Article 41(4)	—
Article 41(5)	Article 106(6)
Article 42	Article 106(2) to (5)
Article 43	Article 107
Article 44	Article 108
Article 45	Article 109
Article 46	Article 110
Article 47	Article 111
Article 48	Article 112
Article 49	Article 113
Articles 50	Article 114(1), (2) and (4)
Article 51	Article 114(3)
Article 52(1) to (3)	Article 115
Article 52(4)	Article 76(6)
Article 53(1) and (2)	Article 116
Article 53(3)	Article 76(6)
Article 54	Article 85
Article 55	Article 83
Article 56	Article 117
Article 57	Article 118
Article 58(1) and (2)	Article 119(1) and (2)
—	Article 119(4)
Article 58(3)	Article 119(5)
Article 58(4)	Article 132(2)
Article 59(1) to (4)	Article 120(1) to (4)
—	Article 120(5)
Article 59(5) to (11)	Article 120(6) to (12)
Article 60	Article 121
Article 61	Article 122
—	Article 123
Article 62	Article 124
Article 63	Article 125
Article 64(1) and (3)	Article 126(4)
Article 64(2)	—
Article 64(4)	Article 126(1)
Article 64(5)	Article 126(2)
—	Article 126(3)
Article 65	Article 127
Article 65a	—
—	Article 128
Article 66	Article 129
—	Article 130
Article 67	—
Article 68	Article 131
—	Article 132(1)
Article 58(4)	Article 132(2)
Article 69	—
—	Article 133
—	Article 134
—	Article 135
—	Article 136
—	Article 137
—	Article 138
—	Article 139
—	Article 140
Article 70	Article 141

[^E0002]: Council Decision 2009/320/EC of 30 March 2009 endorsing the European Air Traffic Management Master Plan of the Single European Sky ATM Research (SESAR) project (OJ L 95, 9.4.2009, p. 41).

[^E0003]: Council Regulation (EC) No 219/2007 of 27 February 2007 on the establishment of a Joint Undertaking to develop the new generation European air traffic management system (SESAR) (OJ L 64, 2.3.2007, p. 1).

[^E0004]: Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU, (EU) 2016/797 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act) (OJ L, 2024/1689, 12.7.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj).

[^E0005]: Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 June 2024 laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence and amending Regulations (EC) No 300/2008, (EU) No 167/2013, (EU) No 168/2013, (EU) 2018/858, (EU) 2018/1139 and (EU) 2019/2144 and Directives 2014/90/EU, (EU) 2016/797 and (EU) 2020/1828 (Artificial Intelligence Act) (OJ L, 2024/1689, 12.7.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1689/oj).

[^E0006]: Regulation (EC) No 765/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 setting out the requirements for accreditation and market surveillance relating to the marketing of products and repealing Regulation (EEC) No 339/93 (OJ L 218, 13.8.2008, p. 30).

[^E0007]: Decision No 768/2008/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 July 2008 on a common framework for the marketing of products, and repealing Council Decision 93/465/EEC (OJ L 218, 13.8.2008, p. 82).

[^E0008]: Directive 2003/87/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 October 2003 establishing a system for greenhouse gas emission allowance trading within the Union and amending Council Directive 96/61/EC (OJ L 275, 25.10.2003, p. 32).

[^E0009]: Regulation (EC) No 300/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 March 2008 on common rules in the field of civil aviation security and repealing Regulation (EC) No 2320/2002 (OJ L 97, 9.4.2008, p. 72).

[^E0010]: Commission Regulation (EU) No 677/2011 of 7 July 2011 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of air traffic management (ATM) network functions and amending Regulation (EU) No 691/2010 (OJ L 185, 15.7.2011, p. 1).

[^E0011]: Regulation (EEC, Euratom, ECSC) No 259/68 of the Council of 29 February 1968 laying down the Staff Regulations of Officials and the Conditions of Employment of Other Servants of the European Communities and instituting special measures temporarily applicable to officials of the Commission (OJ L 56, 4.3.1968, p. 1).

[^E0012]: Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 883/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 September 2013 concerning investigations conducted by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1073/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (Euratom) No 1074/1999 (OJ L 248, 18.9.2013, p. 1).

[^E0013]: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1271/2013 of 30 September 2013 on the framework financial regulation for the bodies referred to in Article 208 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 328, 7.12.2013, p. 42).

[^E0014]: Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 966/2012 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2012 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union and repealing Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1605/2002 (OJ L 298, 26.10.2012, p. 1).

[^E0015]: Regulation (EU, Euratom) No 883/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 September 2013 concerning investigations conducted by the European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1073/1999 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (Euratom) No 1074/1999 (OJ L 248, 18.9.2013, p. 1).

[^E0016]: OJ L 136, 31.5.1999, p. 15.

[^E0017]: Council Regulation (Euratom, EC) No 2185/96 of 11 November 1996 concerning on-the-spot checks and inspections carried out by the Commission in order to protect the European Communities' financial interests against fraud and other irregularities (OJ L 292, 15.11.1996, p. 2).

[^E0018]: Commission Decision (EU, Euratom) 2015/443 of 13 March 2015 on Security in the Commission (OJ L 72, 17.3.2015, p. 41).

[^E0019]: Commission Decision (EU, Euratom) 2015/444 of 13 March 2015 on the security rules for protecting EU classified information (OJ L 72, 17.3.2015, p. 53).

[^E0020]: Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1).’;

[^E0021]: Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1).’.

[^E0022]: Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1).’.

[^E0023]: Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1).’.

[^E0024]: Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1).’.

[^E0025]: Commission Regulation (EU) No 748/2012 of 3 August 2012 laying down implementing rules for the airworthiness and environmental certification of aircraft and related products, parts and appliances, as well as for the certification of design and production organisations (OJ L 224, 21.8.2012, p. 1).

[^E0026]: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1321/2014 of 26 November 2014 on the continuing airworthiness of aircraft and aeronautical products, parts and appliances, and on the approval of organisations and personnel involved in these tasks (OJ L 362, 17.12.2014, p. 1).

[^E0027]: Commission Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 of 3 November 2011 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to civil aviation aircrew pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 311, 25.11.2011, p. 1).

[^E0028]: Commission Regulation (EU) No 965/2012 of 5 October 2012 laying down technical requirements and administrative procedures related to air operations pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 296, 25.10.2012, p. 1).