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Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 setting CO2 emission performance standards for new heavy-duty vehicles and amending Regulations (EC) No 595/2009 and (EU) 2018/956 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Directive 96/53/EC (Text with EEA relevance)

Type Regulation

Publication 2019-07-25

Last updated 2026-09-10

State In force

Department Council of the European Union, European Parliament

Source EUR-Lex

articles 36

Reform history JSON API

1. Vehicle sub-groups

1.1. For the purposes of this Regulation, a vehicle sub-group sg is defined for each new heavy-duty vehicle.

1.1.1.For heavy-duty vehicles of category N, the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows:

Vehicle group pursuant to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400	Cab type	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	Vehicle sub-group (sg) attributed for the purposes of this Regulation [^E0015]	Vehicle sub-group (sg) attributed for the purposes of this Regulation [^E0015]
Vehicle group pursuant to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400	Cab type	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	Vehicles other than vocational vehicles	Vocational vehicles
53 and zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles in 51	All	All	All	53	53v
54 and zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles in 52	All	All	All	54	—
1s	All	All	All	1s	1sv
1	All	All	All	1	1v
2	All	All	All	2	2v
3	All	All	All	3	3v
4	All	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	< 170 kW	All	4-UD	4v
4	Day cab	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	≥ 170 kW	All	4-RD	4v
4	Sleeper cab	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	≥ 170 kW and < 265 kW	All	4-RD	4v
4	Sleeper cab	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	≥ 265 kW	< 350 km	4-RD	4v
4	Sleeper cab	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	≥ 265 kW	≥ 350 km	4-LH	4v
5	Day cab	Engine power	Operational range (OR)	All	All	5-RD	5v
5	Sleeper cab	< 265 kW
5	Sleeper cab	≥ 265 kW	< 350 km
5	Sleeper cab	≥ 265 kW	≥ 350 km	5-LH	All	5-RD	5v
9	Day cab	All	All	9-RD	9v	5-RD	5v
9	Sleeper cab	All	< 350 km	9-RD	9v
9	Sleeper cab	All	≥ 350 km	9-LH	9v
10	Day cab	All	All	10-RD	10v
10	Sleeper cab	All	< 350 km	10-RD	10v
10	Sleeper cab	All	≥ 350 km	10-LH	10v
11	All, excluding EHC lorries	All, excluding EHC lorries	All, excluding EHC lorries	11	11v
11	All, EHC lorries only	All, EHC lorries only	All, EHC lorries only	11-EHC	11v
12	All, excluding EHC lorries	All, excluding EHC lorries	All, excluding EHC lorries	12	12v
	All, EHC lorries only.	All, EHC lorries only.	All, EHC lorries only.	12-EHC	12v
16	All, excluding EHC lorries	All, excluding EHC lorries	All, excluding EHC lorries	16	16v
	All, EHC lorries only	All, EHC lorries only	All, EHC lorries only	16-EHC	16v

For the calculation of vehicle shares and average specific CO2 emissions of manufacturers of reporting periods of the years 2030 to 2034 in accordance with points 2.4 and 2.7, respectively, zero-emission vocational vehicles of category N shall be attributed as follows:

Zero-emission vocational vehicle in vehicle sub-group	Attributed to vehicle sub-group
53v	53
1sv	1s
1v	1
2v	2
3v	3
4v	4-UD
5v	5-RD
9v	9-RD
10v	10-RD
11v	11
12v	12
16v	16

‘ ‘Sleeper cab’ ’ means a type of cab that has a compartment behind the driver’s seat intended to be used for sleeping as reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b.

‘ ‘Day cab’ ’ means a type of cab that is not a sleeper cab.

Where a new heavy-duty vehicle is attributed to vehicle sub-group 4-UD, but data on the CO2 emissions in g/km are not available for the UDL or UDR mission profiles as defined in point 1.4, the new heavy-duty vehicle shall be attributed to vehicle sub-group 4-RD.

‘ ‘Operational range’ ’ means the distance a heavy-duty vehicle can travel under long haul transport conditions without being re-charged or re-filled, as provided for in point 1.3.

Where, for a heavy-duty vehicle falling in group 11, 12 or 16, the information regarding TPMLM referred to in Article 3(25), point (c), is not available, that vehicle shall be attributed to vehicle sub-groups 11-EHC, 12-EHC and 16-EHC on the basis of the criteria set out in Article 3(25), points (a) and (b) only.

1.1.2.For heavy-duty vehicles of category M, the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows:

Vehicle group pursuant to Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400	Vehicle sub-group (sg) attributed for the purposes of this Regulation
31a, 31d	31-LF
31b1	31-L1
31b2	31-L2
31c, 31e	31-DD
32a, 32b	32-C2
32c, 32d	32-C3
32e, 32f	32-DD
33a, 33d, 37a, 37d	33-LF
33b1, 37b1	33-L1
33b2, 37b2	33-L2
33c, 33e, 37c, 37e	33-DD
34a, 34b, 36a, 36b, 38a, 38b, 40a, 40b	34-C2
34c, 34d, 36c, 36d, 38c, 38d, 40c, 40d	34-C3
34e, 34f, 36e, 36f, 38e, 38f, 40e, 40f	34-DD
35a, 35b1, 35b2, 35c	35-FE
39a, 39b1, 39b2, 39c	39-FE

1.1.3.For heavy-duty vehicles of category O, the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows:


Vehicle groups defined in Annex I to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1362	Vehicle sub-group (sg) attributed for the purposes of this Regulation
All groups provided for in Table 1 with one, two or three axles	Same as provided in the column ‘vehicle group’ of the tables in Annex I to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1362.
All groups provided in Table 4 with two or three axles	Same as provided in the column ‘vehicle group’ of the tables in Annex I to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1362.
All groups provided for in Table 6	Same as provided in the column ‘vehicle group’ of the tables in Annex I to Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1362.

1.2.Vocational vehicles are defined by the following criteria:

Vehicle category	Chassis configuration	Criteria for vocational vehicles
N	Rigid	One of the following digits, as listed in Appendix 2 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2018/858, is used to supplement the code for bodywork indicated in entry 38 of the certificate of conformity: 09, 10, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28 or 31;
N	Tractor	Maximum speed not exceeding 79 km/h

1.3.Operational ranges for the purposes of this Regulation are set as follows:

Powertrain technology	Operational range (OR)
Heavy-duty vehicles drawing energy for the purpose of mechanical propulsion only from an electrical energy or power storage device	OR = actual charge depleting range as provided for by point 2.4.1 of Part I of Annex IV to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 for the LHR mission profile
Other technologies	OR>350 km

1.4. Definitions of mission profiles


RDL	Regional delivery payload low
RDR	Regional delivery payload representative
LHL	Long-haul payload low
LHR	Long-haul payload representative
UDL	Urban delivery payload low
UDR	Urban delivery payload representative
REL	Regional delivery (EMS) payload low
RER	Regional delivery (EMS) payload representative
LEL	Long haul (EMS) payload low
LER	Long haul (EMS) payload representative
MUL	Municipal utility payload low
MUR	Municipal utility payload representative
COL	Construction payload low
COR	Construction payload representative
HPL	Heavy urban, passenger transport, low load
HPR	Heavy urban, passenger transport, representative load
UPL	Urban, passenger transport, low load
UPR	Urban, passenger transport, representative load
SPL	Sub-urban, passenger transport, low load
SPR	Sub-urban, passenger transport, representative load
IPL	Inter-urban, passenger transport, low load
IPR	Inter-urban, passenger transport, representative load
CPL	Coach, passenger transport, low load
CPR	Coach, passenger transport, representative load

2. Calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of a manufacturer

2.1. Calculation of the specific CO2 emissions of a new heavy-duty vehicle

The specific CO2 emissions in g/km of a new heavy-duty vehicle v attributed to a vehicle sub-group sg or of its primary vehicle shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

Where,

Σmp is the sum of all mission profiles mp listed in point 1.4;

sg is the vehicle sub-group to which the new heavy-duty vehicle v has been attributed according to point 1 of this Annex;

Wsg,mp is the mission profile weight specified in points 2.1.1 to 2.1.3;

CO2v,mp is the CO2 emissions in g/km of the new heavy-duty vehicle v determined for a mission profile mp, reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b and normalised pursuant to Annex III;

CO2pv,mp is the CO2 emissions in g/km of the primary vehicle of the new heavy-duty vehicle v, determined for a mission profile mp, and for the chassis configuration (low/high floor, number of decks) applicable to its vehicle sub-group sg, reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b and normalised pursuant to Annex III;

For zero-emission heavy-duty motor vehicles, the values of CO2v,mp and CO2pv,mp shall be set to 0.

2.1.1. Mission profile weights (Wsg,mp) for heavy-duty vehicles of category N

Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0016]	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0017]**
Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0016]	RDL	RDR	LHL	LHR	UDL	UDR	REL, RER	LEL	LER	MUL	MUR	COL	COR
53, 53v	0,25	0,25	0	0	0,25	0,25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
54	0,25	0,25	0	0	0,25	0,25	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1s, 1sv	0,1	0,3	0	0	0,18	0,42	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
1, 1v	0,1	0,3	0	0	0,18	0,42	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
2, 2v	0,125	0,375	0	0	0,15	0,35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
3, 3v	0,125	0,375	0	0	0,15	0,35	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
4-UD	0	0	0	0	0,5	0,5	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
4-RD	0,45	0,45	0,05	0,05	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
4-LH	0,05	0,05	0,45	0,45	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
4v	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,25	0,25	0,25	0,25
5-RD	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
5-LH	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
5v	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,5	0,5
9-RD	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9-LH	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
9v	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,25	0,25	0,25	0,25
10-RD	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
10-LH	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
10v	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,5	0,5
11	0,3	0,7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
11v	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,1	0,23	0,3	0,37
11-EHC	0,03	0,07	0	0	0	0	0	0,27	0,63	0	0	0	0
12	0,3	0,7	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
12v	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,3	0,7
12-EHC	0,03	0,07	0	0	0	0	0	0,27	0,63	0	0	0	0
16, 16v	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,3	0,7
16-EHC	0,03	0,07	0	0	0	0	0	0,27	0,63	0	0	0	0

See definitions in point 1.1.

See definitions in point 1.4.

2.1.2. Mission profile weights (Wsg,mp) for heavy-duty vehicles of category M

Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0018]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0019]
Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0018]	HPL	HPR	UPL	UPR	SPL	SPR	IPL	IPR	CPL	CPR
31-LF	0,27	0,23	0,15	0,13	0,11	0,11	0	0	0	0
31-L1	0,05	0,05	0,16	0,14	0,32	0,28	0	0	0	0
31-L2	0,05	0,05	0,09	0,08	0,15	0,13	0,24	0,21	0	0
31-DD	0,20	0,31	0,12	0,18	0,07	0,12	0	0	0	0
32-C2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,47	0,43	0,04	0,06
32-C3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,05	0,05	0,30	0,60
32-DD	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,05	0,05	0,35	0,55
33-LF	0,27	0,23	0,15	0,13	0,11	0,11	0	0	0	0
33-L1	0,05	0,05	0,16	0,14	0,32	0,28	0	0	0	0
33-L2	0,05	0,05	0,09	0,08	0,15	0,13	0,24	0,21	0	0
33-DD	0,20	0,31	0,12	0,18	0,07	0,12	0	0	0	0
34-C2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,47	0,43	0,04	0,06
34-C3	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,05	0,05	0,30	0,60
34-DD	0	0	0	0	0	0	0,05	0,05	0,35	0,55
35-FE	0,27	0,23	0,15	0,13	0,11	0,11	0	0	0	0
39-FE	0,27	0,23	0,15	0,13	0,11	0,11	0	0	0	0

See definitions in point 1.1

See definitions in point 1.4

2.1.3. Mission profile weights (Wsg,mp) for heavy-duty vehicles of category O

Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0020]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0021]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0021]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0021]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0021]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0021]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0021]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0021]
Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0020]	RDL	RDR	LHL	LHR	UDL	UDR	REL, RER, LEL, LER
111, 111V,112, 112V, 113	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0
121, 121V, 122, 122V, 123, 123V, 124, 124V, 125, 126	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
131, 131v, 132, 132v, 133	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
421, 421v, 422, 422v, 423	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
431, 431v, 432, 432v, 433	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
611, 612	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0
611v, 612v	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
621, 623	0,27	0,63	0,03	0,07	0	0	0
621V, 622, 622V, 623V, 624, 624V, 625	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0
631, 631v, 632, 632v, 633	0,03	0,07	0,27	0,63	0	0	0

See definitions in point 1.1

See definitions in point 1.4

2.2. Average specific CO2 emissions of all new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group for a manufacturer

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the average specific CO2 emissions avgCO2sg of all new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group sg or their primary vehicles, if applicable, shall be calculated as follows:

2.2.1.For heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O:

Image omitted; see official source(in g/tkm)

2.2.2.For complete or completed vehicles of category M:

Image omitted; see official source(in g/pkm)

2.2.3.For primary vehicles of heavy-duty vehicles of category M:

Image omitted; see official source(in g/pkm)

Where,

Σv is the sum of all new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg, subject to Article 7b;

CO2v is the specific CO2 emissions of the new heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1;

CO2pv is the specific CO2 emissions of the primary vehicle of the new heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1;

Vsg is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg;

Vpvsg the number of new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg, which pursuant to Article 7b shall be accounted for with the CO2 emissions of their primary vehicles in the calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of point 2.2.3;

PLsg is the average payload of heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5;

PNsg is the average passenger number of vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5.

2.3. Calculation of the zero- and low-emission factor as referred to in Article 5

2.3.1 Reporting periods 2019 to 2024

For each manufacturer and reporting period from 2019 to 2024, the zero- and low-emission vehicles factor (ZLEV) referred to in Article 5 shall be calculated as follows:

ZLEV = Vall / (Vconv + Vzlev) with a minimum of 0,97

where,

Vall is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH;

Vconv is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH excluding zero- and low-emission heavy-duty vehicles;

Vzlev is the sum of Vin and Vout,

where,

Vin is Σ v (1+ (1 – CO2v/LETsg))

with Σ v being the sum of all new zero- and low-emission heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH;

CO2v is the specific CO2 emissions in g/km of a zero- or low-emission heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1;

LETsg is the low-emission threshold of the vehicle sub-group sg to which the heavy-duty vehicle v belongs as defined in point 2.3.4;

Vout is the total number of zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles of category N, which are not in the vehicle sub-groups referred to by the definition of Vin, and with a maximum of 1,5 % of Vconv.

2.3.2 Reporting periods from 2025 to 2029

For each manufacturer and reporting period, the zero- and low-emission vehicles factor (ZLEV) referred to in Article 5 shall be calculated as follows:

ZLEV = 1 - (y - x) unless this sum is larger than 1 or lower than 0,97 in which case the ZLEV factor shall be set to 1 or 0,97 , respectively

Where,

x is 0,02 ;

y is the sum of Vin and Vout, divided by Vtotal, where,

Vin is the total number of newly registered low- and zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-groups sg = 4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH, where each of them is counted as ZLEVspecific in accordance with the formula below:

ZLEVspecific = 1 – (CO2v / LETsg)

Where,

CO2v is the specific CO2 emissions in g/km of a zero- or low-emission heavy-duty vehicle v determined in accordance with point 2.1;

LETsg is the low-emission threshold of the vehicle sub-group sg to which the heavy-duty vehicle v belongs as defined in point 2.3.4;

Vout is the total number of newly registered zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles of category N, which are not in the vehicle sub-groups referred to by the definition of Vin , and with a maximum of 0,035 of Vtotal;

Vtotal is the total number of newly registered heavy-duty vehicles of category N of the manufacturer in that reporting period.

Where Vin/Vtotal is lower than 0,0075 , the ZLEV factor shall be set to 1.

2.3.3 Reporting periods from 2030 onwards

ZLEV = 1

2.3.4 Calculation of the low-emission threshold

The low-emission threshold LET sg of the vehicle sub-group sg is defined as follows:

LETsg = (rCO2sg x PLsg) / 2

Where,

rCO2sg is the reference CO2 emissions of the vehicle sub-group sg, as determined in point 3;

PLsg is the average payload of heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5.

2.4. Calculation of heavy-duty vehicle shares

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the share of new heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group sharesg shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the share of new zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles in a vehicle sub-group zevsg shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

For each manufacturer and each reporting period, the share of new heavy-duty vehicles within the vehicle sub-group sg, which pursuant to Article 7b shall be accounted for with the CO2 emissions of their primary vehicles in the calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of point 2.2., shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

Where,

Vzevsg is the number of new zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in a vehicle sub-group sg;

Vpvsg the number of new heavy-duty vehicles within the vehicle sub-group sg, which pursuant to Article 7b shall be accounted for with the CO2 emissions of their primary vehicles in the calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of point 2.2.;

Vsg is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in a vehicle sub-group sg;

V is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer.

2.5. Payload values, passenger numbers and cargo volumes

The average payload value PLsg of a heavy-duty vehicle of category N or O in a vehicle sub-group sg shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

The average passenger number PNsg of a heavy-duty vehicle of category M in a vehicle sub-group sg shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

Where,

Σmp is the sum of all mission profiles mp;

Wsg,mp, is the mission profile weight specified in points 2.1.1 to 2.1.3;

PLsg,mp is the payload value attributed to the heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O in the vehicle sub-group sg for the mission profile mp, as specified in points 2.5.1 and 2.5.3;

PNsg,mp is the passenger number attributed to the heavy-duty vehicles of category M in the vehicle sub-group sg for the mission profile mp, as specified in point 2.5.2.

2.5.1. Heavy-duty vehicles of category N

Payload values PL sg , mp (in tonnes) are determined as follows:

*Vehicle sub-group (sg)* [^E0022]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**	*Mission profile (mp)* [^E0023]**
*Vehicle sub-group (sg)* [^E0022]**	RDL	RDR	LHL	LHR	UDL	UDR	REL	RER	LEL	LER	MUL	MUR	COL	COR
53	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
53v	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
54	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
1s	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
1sv	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
1v	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
2	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
2v	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
3	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
3v	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	As determined in point 3.1.1	As determined in point 3.1.1	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable	Not applicable
4-UD	0,9	4,4	1,9	14	0,9	4,4	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	0,6	3,0	0,9	4,4
4-RD	0,9	4,4	1,9	14	0,9	4,4	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	0,6	3,0	0,9	4,4
4-LH	0,9	4,4	1,9	14	0,9	4,4	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	0,6	3,0	0,9	4,4
4v	0,9	4,4	1,9	14	0,9	4,4	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	0,6	3,0	0,9	4,4
5-RD	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
5-LH	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
5v	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
9-RD	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	1,2	6,0	1,4	7,1
9-LH	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	1,2	6,0	1,4	7,1
9v	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	1,2	6,0	1,4	7,1
10-RD	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
10-LH	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
10v	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
11	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	1,2	6,0	1,4	7,1
11v	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	1,2	6,0	1,4	7,1
11-EHC	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	31	1,2	6,0	1,4	7,1
12	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
12v	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
12-EHC	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	2,6	12,9	3,5	17,5	3,5	31	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
16	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
16v	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	26,5	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9
16-EHC	1,4	7,1	2,6	19,3	1,4	7,1	3,5	17,5	3,5	34	n.a.	n.a.	2,6	12,9

See definitions in point 1.1.

See definitions in point 1.4.

Technically permissible maximum payload values maxPL sg and cargo volumes CVsg are determined in accordance with point 3.1.1.

2.5.2. Heavy-duty vehicles of category M

Passenger numbers PNsg,mp, passenger masses PMsg,mp and technically permissible maximum passenger numbers maxPNsg for the vehicle sub-group sg and mission profile mp are determined in accordance with point 3.1.1.

2.5.3. Heavy-duty vehicles of category O

Payload values PLsg, mp (in tonnes) are determined as follows:

Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0024]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0025]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0025]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0025]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0025]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0025]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0025]	Mission profile (mp) [^E0025]
Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0024]	RDL	RDR	LHL	LHR	UDL	UDR	REL, RER, LEL, LER
111, 111V,112, 112V, 113	1,5	7,5	1,5	11,2	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
121, 121V, 123, 123V, 125	2,2	11,2	2,2	16,8	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
122, 122V, 124, 124V, 126	2,4	12,2	2,4	18,3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
131, 131v, 132, 132v, 133	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
421, 421v, 422, 422v, 423	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
431, 431v, 432, 432v, 433	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
611, 612	1,2	6,1	1,2	9,2	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
611v, 612v	1,2	6,1	1,2	9,2	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
621, 621v, 623, 623v	1,3	6,3	1,3	9,5	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
622, 622V, 624, 624V, 625	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.
631, 631v, 632, 632v, 633	2,6	12,9	2,6	19,3	n.a.	n.a.	n.a.

See definitions in point 1.1

See definitions in point 1.4

Technically permissible maximum payload values maxPLsg and cargo volumes CVsg are determined in accordance with point 3.1.1.

2.6. Calculation of the mileage and payload or passenger-number weighting factor

The mileage and payload (passenger) weighting factor (MPWsg) of a vehicle sub-group sg is defined as the product of the annual mileage specified in point 2.6.1 and the payload and passenger-number values for the vehicle sub-group specified in points 2.5.1, 2.5.2 and 2.5.3 for vehicle categories N, M and O, respectively, normalised to the respective value for vehicle sub-group 5-LH, and shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O)

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M)

Where,

AMsg is the annual mileage specified in point 2.6.1, 2.6.2 and 2.6.3 for the heavy-duty vehicles in the respective vehicle sub-group;

AM5-LH is the annual mileage specified for vehicle sub-group 5-LH in 2.6.1;

PLsg is as determined in points 2.5.1 and 2.5.3;

PNsg is as determined in point 2.5.2;

PL5-LH is the average payload value for vehicle sub-group 5-LH as determined in point 2.5.1.

2.6.1. Annual mileages for heavy-duty vehicles of category N

Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0026]	Annual mileage AMsg (in km)
53, 53v	58 000
54	58 000
1s, 1sv	58 000
1, 1v	58 000
2, 2v	60 000
3, 3v	60 000
4-UD	60 000
4-RD	78 000
4-LH	98 000
4v	60 000
5-RD	78 000
5-LH	116 000
5v	60 000
9-RD	73 000
9-LH	108 000
9v	60 000
10-RD	68 000
10-LH	107 000
10v	60 000
11	65 000
11v	60 000
11-EHC	107 000
12	67 000
12v	60 000
12-EHC	107 000
16, 16v	60 000
16-EHC	107 000

See definitions in point 1.1.

2.6.2. Annual mileages for heavy-duty vehicles of category M

Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0027]	Annual mileage AMsg (in km)
31-LF	60 000
31-L1	60 000
31-L2	60 000
31-DD	60 000
32-C2	96 000
32-C3	96 000
32-DD	96 000
33-LF	60 000
33-L1	60 000
33-L2	60 000
33-DD	60 000
34-C2	96 000
34-C3	96 000
34-DD	96 000
35-FE	60 000
39-FE	60 000

See definitions in point 1.1

2.6.3. Annual mileages for heavy-duty vehicles of category O

Vehicle sub-group (sg) [^E0028]	Annual mileage AMsg (in km)
111, 111V,112, 112V, 113	52 000
121, 121V, 122, 122V, 123, 123V, 124, 124V, 125, 126, 131, 131v, 132, 132v, 133	77 000
421, 421v, 422, 422v, 423, 431, 431v, 432, 432v, 433	68 000
611, 612, 611v, 612v, 621, 623, 621v, 623v	40 000
622, 622V, 624, 624V, 625, 631, 631v, 632, 632v, 633	68 000

See definitions in point 1.1

2.7. Average specific CO2 emissions of manufacturers, as referred to in Article 4

For each manufacturer, the following average specific CO2 emissions shall be calculated:

2.7.1. For the reporting periods of the years 2019 to 2029:

CO2(2025) = ZLEV × Σ sg sharesg × MPWsg × avgCO2sg

2.7.2. For the reporting periods from 2025 onwards:

CO2(NO) = Σsg sharesg × MPWsg × avgCO2sg

CO2(MCO2) = Σsg sharesg × MPWsg × [avgCO2sg × (1 – pvsg) + avgCO2psg × pvsg]

CO2(MZE) = Σsg sharesg × MPWsg × (1 – zevsg) × rCO2sg

CO2(M) = CO2(MCO2) + CO2(MZE)

Where,

Σsg is the sum of those vehicle sub-groups that are included in the calculation of the particular average specific CO2 emissions in accordance with point 4.2;

ZLEV is as determined in point 2.3;

sharesg is as determined in point 2.4;

zevsg is as determined in point 2.4;

pvsg is as determined in point 2.4;

MPWsg is as determined in point 2.6;

avgCO2sg is as determined in point 2.2;

avgCO2psg is as determined in point 2.2;

rCO2sg is as determined in point 3.1.2.

3. Calculation of the reference values

3.1. Reference values

The following reference values shall be calculated on the basis of all new heavy-duty vehicles of all manufacturers for the reference period applicable to the vehicle sub-group sg according to point 3.2.

3.1.1.For each vehicle, the vehicle sub-group sg, payload PLsg,mp, passenger number PNsg,mp, passenger mass PMsg,mp, technically permissible maximum payload maxPLsg, technically permissible maximum passenger number maxPNsg and cargo volume CVsg values shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category N)*

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M)*

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M)*

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category N)

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M)

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category O)

( only for vehicle sub-groups, for which no explicit values for PLsg,mp or PNsg,mp* are provided in point 2.5)

3.1.2.Reference CO2 emissions rCO2sg referred to in Article 3 shall be calculated as follows:

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O)

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M)

Image omitted; see official source (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M)

Where,

Σv is the sum of all new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg registered in the reference period applicable to sg according to point 3.2;

CO2v are the specific CO2 emissions of the new heavy-duty vehicle v as determined in accordance with point 2.1, if applicable adjusted pursuant to Annex II;

CO2pv are the specific CO2 emissions of the primary vehicle of the new heavy-duty vehicle v as determined in accordance with point 2.1, if applicable adjusted pursuant to Annex II;

rVsg is the number of all new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg registered in the reference period applicable to sg according to point 3.2;

PLsg is the average payload of heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5;

PNsg is the average passenger number of heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as determined in point 2.5;

PLv,mp is the payload of the heavy-duty vehicle v in the mission profile mp, as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

PNv,mp is the passenger number of the heavy-duty vehicle v in the mission profile mp as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

PMv,mp is the passenger mass of the heavy-duty vehicle v in the mission profile mp as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

maxPLv is the technically permissible maximum payload of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

maxPNv is the technically permissible maximum passenger number of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

CVv is the cargo volume of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b.

3.2. Reference periods applicable to vehicle sub-groups

The following reporting periods shall be applied as reference periods to vehicle sub-groups:

Vehicle sub-group sg	Reporting period of the year applicable as reference period
4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH	2019
1, 2, 3, 11, 12, 16	2021
All others	2025

3.2.1.If in the reference period as specified in point 3.2 in a vehicle sub-group sg the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of all manufacturers is less than 50, the following rules shall apply:

The average specific CO2 emissions avgCO2sg and avgCO2psg as provided for in point 2.2 and the reference CO2 emissions rCO2sg and rCO2psg as provided for in point 3.1.2 shall be set to ‘0’ for all manufacturers in the vehicle sub-group sg for the purpose of calculating the average specific CO2 emissions in accordance with point 2.7 and the specific CO2 emissions targets in accordance with point 4.1 for the reporting periods of the years < Y + 5. Here Y is the year of the first reporting period in which the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of all manufacturers in the vehicle sub-group sg is at least 50.

To obtain the reference CO2 emissions rCO2sg and rCO2psg for the purpose of calculating the specific CO2 emissions target in accordance with point 4, first the corresponding values provided for in point 3.1.2 shall be calculated for the reporting period of the year Y instead of for the reference period applicable to the vehicle sub-group sg according to point 3.2.

The resulting values shall then be divided by

— the target factor RETsg,Y, as defined in point 5.1.1, for obtaining reference CO2 emissions rCO2sg,

— the target factor RETpsg,Y, as defined in point 5.1.1, for obtaining reference CO2 emissions rCO2psg.

4. Calculation of the specific CO2 emissions target of a manufacturer referred to in Article 6

4.1. Specific CO2 emissions targets

For each manufacturer, the following specific CO2 emissions target T shall be calculated as follows:

4.1.1.For the reporting periods of the years 2025 to 2029:

T(2025) = Σ sg sharesg × MPWsg × (1 – rfsg) × rCO2sg

4.1.2.For the reporting periods of the year 2030 onwards:

T(NO)= Σ sg sharesg × MPWsg × (1 – rfsg) × rCO2sg

T(MCO2) = Σ sg sharesg × MPWsg × [(1 – pvsg) × (1 – rfsg) × rCO2sg + pvsg × (1 – rfpsg) × rCO2psg]

T(MZE) = Σsg sharesg × MPWsg × (1 – zevMsg) x rCO2sg

T(M) = T(MCO2) + T(MZE)

Where,

Σsg is the sum of those vehicle sub-groups that are included in the calculation of the particular specific CO2 emissions target in accordance with point 4.2;

sharesg is as determined in point 2.4;

MPWsg is as determined in point 2.6;

rfsg is the CO2 emissions reduction target applicable in the specific reporting period to new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as provided for in point 4.3;

rfpsg is the CO2 emissions reduction target applicable in the specific reporting period to primary vehicles of new heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as provided for in point 4.3;

zevMsg is the zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles mandate applicable in the specific reporting period to heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg as provided for in point 4.3;

rCO2sg is as determined in point 3.1.2;

rCO2psg is as determined in point 3.1.2;

pvsg is as determined in point 2.4.

4.2. Vehicle sub-groups included in the calculation of average specific CO2 emissions and specific CO2 emissions targets of manufacturers

The following vehicle sub-groups sg shall be included in the calculation of the specific CO2 emissions CO2(X), specific CO2 emissions targets T(X) and CO2 emissions reduction trajectory ET(X)Y:


X = 2025	X= NO	X = MCO2	X= MZE
vehicle sub-groups, subject to CO2 emissions reduction targets according to Article 3a (1), point (a)	vehicle sub-groups of carriage of goods vehicles, subject to CO2 emissions reduction targets according to Article 3a(1), points (b), (c) and (d), and Article 3a (3)	vehicle sub-groups of carriage of passengers vehicles, subject to CO2 emissions reduction targets according to Article 3a (1), points (b), (c) and (d) (Coaches and Class II Low Entry Buses)	vehicle sub-groups of carriage of passengers vehicles, subject to zero-emission heavy-duty vehicles targets according to Article 3d (Urban buses)
4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH	All vehicle sub-groups referred to in points 1.1.1 and 1.1.3. However, in reporting periods of the years before 2035, vocational vehicle sub-groups shall not be included.	32-C2, 32-C3, 32-DD, 34-C2, 34-C3, 34-DD, 31-L2, 33-L2	31-LF 31-L1, 31-DD, 33-LF, 33-L1, 33-DD, 35-FE, 39-FE

4.3. CO2 emissions reduction targets and zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates

4.3.1.The following CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg pursuant to Article 3a shall apply to heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg for different reporting periods:


CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg	CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg	CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg	CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg	CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg	CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg
Vehicle sub-groups (sg)	Vehicle sub-groups (sg)	Reporting periods of the years	Reporting periods of the years	Reporting periods of the years	Reporting periods of the years
Vehicle sub-groups (sg)	Vehicle sub-groups (sg)	2025–2029	2030–2034	2035–2039	As from 2040
Medium lorries	53, 54	0	43 %	64 %	90 %
Heavy lorries > 7,4 t	1s, 1, 2, 3	0	43 %	64 %	90 %
Heavy lorries > 16 t with 4 × 2 and 6 × 4 axle configurations	4-UD, 4-RD, 4-LH, 5-RD, 5-LH, 9-RD, 9-LH, 10-RD, 10-LH	15 %	43 %	64 %	90 %
Heavy lorries > 16 t with special axle configurations	11, 12, 16, 11-EHC, 12-EHC, 16-EHC	0	43 %	64 %	90 %
Vocational vehicles	53v, 1sv, 1v, 2v, 3v, 4v, 5v, 9v, 10v, 11v, 12v, 16v	0	0	64 %	90 %
Coaches and interurban buses (rfsg)	32-C2, 32-C3, 32-DD, 34-C2, 34-C3, 34-DD, 31-L2, 33-L2	0	43 %	64 %	90 %
Primary vehicles of coaches and interurban buses (rfpsg)	32-C2, 32-C3, 32-DD, 34-C2, 34-C3, 34-DD, 31-L2, 33-L2	0	43 %	64 %	90 %
Trailers	421, 421v, 422, 422v, 423, 431, 431v, 432, 432v, 433, 611, 612, 611V, 612V, 621, 623, 621V, 622, 622V, 623V, 624, 624V, 625, 631, 631v, 632, 632v, 633	0	7,5 %	7,5 %	7,5 %
Semi-trailers	111, 111V, 112, 112V, 113, 121, 121V, 122, 122V, 123, 123V, 124, 124V, 125, 126, 131, 131V, 132, 132V, 133	0	10 %	10 %	10 %

For reporting periods of the years before 2025, all CO2 emissions reduction targets rfsg and rfpsg shall be 0.

4.3.2.The following zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle targets zevMsg pursuant to Article 3d are applicable to heavy-duty vehicles in the vehicle sub-group sg for different reporting periods:


Zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates zevMsg	Zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates zevMsg	Zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates zevMsg	Zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates zevMsg	Zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates zevMsg	Zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates zevMsg
Vehicle sub-groups sg	Vehicle sub-groups sg	Reporting periods of the years	Reporting periods of the years	Reporting periods of the years	Reporting periods of the years
Vehicle sub-groups sg	Vehicle sub-groups sg	before 2030	2030 – 2034	2035 – 2039	As from 2040
Urban buses	31-LF, 31-L1, 31-DD, 33-LF, 33-L1, 33-DD, 35-FE, 39-FE	0	90 %	100 %	100 %

5. Emission credits and debts referred to in Article 7

5.1. CO2 emissions reduction trajectories

5.1.1. Target factors

For each vehicle sub-group sg and reporting period of a year Y, target factors shall be defined as follows:

RETsg,Y = (1-rfsg,uY)+(rfsg,uY – rfsg,lY)× (uY – Y)/(uY – lY)

RETpsg,Y = (1-rfpsg,uY)+(rfpsg,uY – rfpsg,lY)× (uY – Y)/(uY – lY)

ZETsg,Y = (1-zevMsg,uY)+(zevMsg,uY – zevMsg,lY)× (uY – Y)/(uY – lY)

Where,

lY, uY are the values for the lower year and upper year in the set {rY, 2025, 2030, 2035, 2040} for the vehicle sub-groups indicated in the column X = 2025 in the table of point 4.2,

in the set {rY, 2030, 2035, 2040} for all other vehicle sub-groups sg, defining the smallest interval for which the condition lY ≤ Y < uY holds;

rY is the year of the reference period applicable to the vehicle sub-group sg according to point 3.2;

rfsg,lY, rfsg,uY are the CO2 emissions reduction targets of the vehicle sub-group sg for new heavy-duty vehicles of the years lY and uY according to point 4.3;

rfpsg,lY, rfpsg,uY are the CO2 emissions reduction targets of the vehicle sub-group sg for primary vehicles of new heavy-duty vehicles of the years lY and uY according to point 4.3;

zevMsg,lY, zevMsg,uY are the zero-emission heavy-duty vehicle mandates for new heavy-duty vehicles of the years lY and uY according to point 4.3.

For reporting years Y < rY, the values of RETsg,Y, RETpsg,Y and ZETsg,Y shall be set to 1 such that there is no contribution of the vehicle sub-group sg to the CO2 emissions reduction trajectory.

5.1.2. CO2 emissions reduction trajectories

5.1.2.1.Then for each vehicle sub-group sg and reporting period of a year Y the following CO2 emissions reduction trajectories shall be defined:

ETsg,Y = RETsg,Y × rCO2sg

ETpsg,Y = RETpsg,Y × rCO2psg

ETzsg,Y = ZETsg,Y × rCO2sg

5.1.2.2.For each manufacturer and reporting period of a year Y between 2019 and 2024 the following CO2 emissions reduction trajectories shall be defined:

ET(2025)Y = Σ sg sharesg × MPWsg × ETsg,Y

5.1.2.3.For each manufacturer and reporting period of a year Y between 2025 and 2040 the following CO2 emissions reduction trajectories shall be defined:

ET(NO)Y = Σ sg sharesg × MPWsg × ETsg,Y

ET(MCO2)Y = Σ sg sharesg × MPWsg × [(1- pvsg) × ETsg,Y + pvsg × ETpsg,Y]

ET(MZE)Y = Σsg sharesg × MPWsg × ETzsg,Y

ET(M)Y = ET(MCO2)Y + ET(MZE)Y

Where,

Σ sg is the sum of those vehicle sub-groups that are included in the calculation of the particular CO2 emissions reduction trajectory in accordance with point 4.2;

sharesg is the share of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the vehicle sub-group sg, as determined in point 2.4;

MPWsg is as determined point 2.6;

rCO2sg is as determined in point 3.1.2;

rCO2psg is as determined in point 3.1.2;

pvsg is the share of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer within the vehicle sub-group sg, which pursuant to Article 7b shall be accounted for with the CO2 emissions of their primary vehicles in the calculation of the average specific CO2 emissions of point 2.2.

5.2. Calculation of the emission credits and debts in each reporting period

For each manufacturer and each reporting period of the years Y from 2019 to 2040 the emission credits cCO2(X)Y and emission debts dCO2(X)Y, (X = NO, M), shall have the following values or be 0 (i.e. emission credits and emission debts cannot be negative), whichever is greater:

	2019 ≤ Y< 2025	2025 ≤ Y< 2030	2030 ≤ Y< 2040
cCO2(NO)Y	[ET(2025)Y – CO2(2025)Y]× VY	[ET2025(NO)Y – CO2(NO)Y]× VY	[ET(NO)Y – CO2(NO)Y]× VY
dCO2(NO)Y	0	[CO2(2025)Y – T(2025)Y]× VY	[CO2(NO)Y – T(NO)Y]× VY
cCO2(M)Y	0	[ET2025(M)Y – CO2(M)Y]× VY	[ET(M)Y – CO2(M)Y]× VY
dCO2(M)Y	0	0	[CO2(M)Y – T(M)Y]× VY

Where,

ET(X)Y is the manufacturer’s CO2 emissions reduction trajectory in the reporting period of the year Y determined in accordance with point 5.1 (X = 2025, NO, M);

CO2(X)Y is the manufacturer’s average specific CO2 emissions in the reporting period of the year Y determined in accordance with point 2.7 (X = 2025, NO, M);

T(X)Y is the manufacturer’s specific CO2 emissions target in the reporting period of the year Y determined in accordance with point 4 (X = 2025, NO, M);

VY is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the reporting period of the year Y.

Where ET2025(NO)Y and ET2025(M)Y are defined as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

5.3. Emission debt limit

For each manufacturer the emission debt limits limCO2(X)Y in the reporting period of the year Y are defined as follows:

limCO2(NO)Y = T(2025)Y × 0,05 × V(2025)Y for the reporting periods of the years Y < 2030;

limCO2(NO)Y = T(NO)Y × 0,05 × V(NO)Y for the reporting periods of the years Y ≥ 2030;

limCO2(M)Y = T(M)Y × 0,05 × V(M)Y for the reporting periods of the years Y ≥ 2030.

Where

T(X)Y is the manufacturer’s specific emission target in the reporting period of the year Y determined in accordance with point 4 (X = 2025, NO, M);

V(X)Y is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the reporting period of the year Y in the vehicle sub-groups, which are included in the calculation of the specific CO2 emissions CO2(X) in accordance with point 4.2 (X = 2025, NO, M).

5.4. Early emission credits

Emission debts acquired for the reporting period of the year 2025 shall be reduced by an amount corresponding to the emission credits acquired prior to that reporting period, which is determined for each manufacturer as follows:

Image omitted; see official source

Where,

min is the minimum of the two values mentioned between the brackets;

Image omitted; see official source is the sum of the reporting periods of the years Y from 2019 to 2024;

dCO2(NO)Y is the emission debts for the reporting period of the year Y as determined in accordance with point 5.2;

cCO2(NO)Y is the emission credits for the reporting period of the year Y as determined in accordance with point 5.2.

6. Determination of a manufacturer’s excess CO2 emissions referred to in Article 8(2)

For each manufacturer and each reporting period of the year Y from the year 2025 onwards, the value of the vehicle category specific excess CO2 emissions exeCO2(X)Y shall be calculated as follows if the value is positive (X = NO, M).

For the reporting period of the year 2025:

Image omitted; see official source

For the reporting periods of the years Y from 2026 to 2028, from 2030 to 2033 and from 2035 to 2038:

Image omitted; see official source

For the reporting periods of the years Y from 2030 to 2033 and from 2035 to 2038:

Image omitted; see official source

For the reporting period of the years Y = 2029, 2034 and 2039:

Image omitted; see official source

For the reporting period of the years Y = 2034 and 2039:

Image omitted; see official source

For the reporting period of the year 2040:

Image omitted; see official source

For the reporting periods of the years Y > 2040:

exeCO2(NO)Y = (CO2(NO)Y – T(NO)Y) × VY

exeCO2(M)Y = (CO2(M)Y – T(M)Y) × VY

If the previous calculations result in a negative value for exeCO2(X)Y, the latter shall be set to 0.

Where,

Image omitted; see official source is the sum of the reporting periods of the years Y from 2019 to 2024;

Image omitted; see official source is the sum of the reporting periods of the years I from 2025 to the year Y;

Image omitted; see official source is the sum of the reporting periods of the years J from 2025 to the year (Y-1);

Image omitted; see official source is the sum of the reporting periods of the years I from 2025 to 2039;

Image omitted; see official source is the sum of the reporting periods of the years J from 2030 to the year (Y-1);

dCO2(X)Y is the emission debts for the reporting period of the year Y as determined in accordance with point 5.2 (X = NO, M);

cCO2(X)Y is the emission credits for the reporting period of the year Y as determined in accordance with point 5.2 (X = NO, M);

ccCO2(X)I,Y are the emission credits for the reporting period of the year I corrected for the part that has expired after 7 years, as determined in accordance with point 6.1 (X = NO, M);

limCO2(X)Y is the emission debt limit as determined in accordance with point 5.3 (X = NO, M);

redCO2(X) is the reduction of emission debts of the reporting period of the year 2025 as determined in accordance with point 5.4 (X = NO, M).

In all other cases the value of the excess emissions exeCO2(X)Y shall be set to 0 (X = NO, M).

The excess CO2 emissions of the reporting period of the year Y as referred to in Article 8(2) shall be:

exeCO2Y = exeCO2(NO)Y + exeCO2(M)Y

6.1. Determination of ccCO2(X)Y,I

ccCO2(X)I,Y = cCO2(X)I for Y ≤ I + 7;

ccCO2(X)I,Y = min(cCO2(X)I;

Image omitted; see official source for Y > I + 7.

ANNEX II

Adjustment procedures referred to in Article 11

1. Adjustment of reference CO2 emissions following an amendment of the type-approval procedures referred to in Article 11(2)

Following an amendment of the type-approval procedures referred to in Article 11(2), the reference CO2 emissions referred to in point 3.1.2 of Annex I shall be recalculated.

For that purpose, the CO2 emissions in g/km of new heavy-duty vehicles v of the reference period and of their primary vehicles determined for a mission profile mp, as referred to in point 2.1 of Annex I, shall be adjusted as follows:

CO2v,mp = CO2(RP)v,mp · (Σ r sr,sg · CO2r,mp)/ (Σ r sr,sg · CO2(RP)r,mp)

CO2pv,mp = CO2p(RP)v,mp · (Σ r sr,sg · CO2pr,mp)/ (Σ r sr,sg · CO2p(RP)r,mp)

Where

Σ r is the sum of all representative heavy-duty vehicles r for the vehicle sub-group sg;

sg is the vehicle sub-group to which the heavy-duty vehicle v belongs;

sr,sg is the statistical weight of the representative heavy-duty vehicle r in the vehicle sub-group sg;

CO2(RP)v,mp is the specific CO2 emissions of the heavy-duty vehicle v in g/km, as determined on mission profile mp and based on the monitoring data of the reference period;

CO2(RP)r,mp is the specific CO2 emissions of the representative heavy-duty vehicle r in g/km, as determined on mission profile mp in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 and its implementing measures as it was applied in the reference period;

CO2r,mp is the specific CO2 emissions of the representative heavy-duty vehicle r, as determined on mission profile mp in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 and its implementing measures pursuant to the amendments referred to in Article 11(2), point (a), of this Regulation;

CO2p(RP)v,mp is the specific CO2 emissions of the primary vehicle of the heavy-duty vehicle v in g/km, as determined on mission profile mp and based on the monitoring data of the reference period;

CO2p(RP)r,mp is the specific CO2 emissions of the primary vehicle of the representative heavy-duty vehicle r in g/km, as determined in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 and its implementing measures as it was applied in the reference period;

CO2pr,mp is the specific CO2 emissions of the primary vehicle of the representative heavy-duty vehicle r, as determined on mission profile mp in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 and its implementing measures pursuant to the amendments referred to in Article 11(2), point (a), of this Regulation.

The specific CO2 emissions shall be normalised pursuant to Annex III using those values for the parameters referred to in Article 14(1), point (f), that are applicable in the reporting period referred to in Article 11(2), point (a).

The representative heavy-duty vehicles shall be defined in accordance with the methodology referred to in Article 11(3).

2. Application of the adjusted reference CO2 emissions pursuant to Article 11(2)

If in the reporting period of the year Y the specific CO2 emissions of some new heavy-duty vehicles of a manufacturer have been determined with amendments referred to in Article 11(2), the reference CO2 emissions rCOsg of the vehicle sub-group sg used in points 4 and 5.1 of Annex I shall be calculated as follows:

rCO2sg = Σ,i Vsg,i/Vsg x rCO2sg,,i

where,

Σ,i is the sum of

— for i = 0: the non-amended procedure for determining the CO2 emissions, for which the initial reference CO2 emissions without adjustments are applicable, and

— for i ≥ 1: all subsequent amendments referred to in Article 11(2);

Vsg is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the reporting period of the year Y and the vehicle sub-group sg;

Vsg,i is the number of new heavy-duty vehicles of the manufacturer in the reporting period of the year Y and in the vehicle sub-group sg, the specific CO2 emissions of which have been determined with the amendment i;

rCO2sg,i are:

— for i = 0: the non-adjusted reference CO2 emissions

— for i ≥ 1: the reference CO2 emissions that have been determined for the vehicle sub-group sg with the amendment i.

ANNEX III

Normalisation of specific CO2 emissions of new heavy-duty vehicles as referred to in Article 4

1. Normalisation of specific CO2 emissions

For the purposes of the calculation in point 2.1 of Annex I, the values of CO2 emissions CO2v,mp of heavy-duty vehicles are normalised as follow:

CO2v,mp = reportCO2v,mp + ΔCO2v,mp(m) + ΔCO2cvv,mp

m = PLsg,mp – PLv,mp + cCWv (for heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and O)

m = PMsg,mp – PMv,mp + cCWv (for heavy-duty vehicles of category M)

The values of CO2 emissions CO2pv,mp of primary vehicles are normalised in accordance with the same methodology, using the parameters for primary vehicles.

Where,

CO2v,mp are the normalised CO2 emissions of the heavy-duty vehicle v determined for a mission profile mp that are to be considered in the calculation of point 2.1 of Annex I;

reportCO2v,mp are the CO2 emissions in g/km of a new heavy-duty vehicle v determined for a mission profile mp and reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

ΔCO2v,mp(m) is to be determined in accordance with point 3;

ΔCO2cvv,mp is to be determined in accordance with point 4;

PLv,mp is the payload of the heavy-duty vehicle v in the mission profile mp, as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

PLsg,mp is the payload for the vehicle sub-group sg and mission profile mp as provided for in point 2.5 of Annex I;

PMv,mp is the passenger mass of the heavy-duty vehicle v in the mission profile mp, as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

PMsg,mp is the passenger mass for the vehicle sub-group sg and mission profile mp as provided for in point 2.5 of Annex I;

cCWv is the correction of the curb weight of the heavy-duty vehicle v applied in accordance with point 2.

2. Curb Weight normalisation

Since the transport utility of a heavy-duty vehicle increases with its technically permissible maximum payload or passenger number, but for technical reasons higher values for those parameters are correlated with higher curb weights and therefore higher CO2 emissions, the following correction of the curb weight of a heavy-duty vehicle v in the vehicle sub-group sg for the purpose of the normalisation of its specific CO2 emissions in accordance with point 1 shall be applied:

cCWv = asg · (maxPLsg – maxPLv) for heavy-duty vehicles of category N;

cCWv = 0 for heavy-duty vehicles of category O;

cCWv = asg · (maxPNsg – maxPNv) for heavy-duty vehicles of category M;

Where,

asg is a linear coefficient determined in accordance with point 2.1 for the reporting period of the year in which the heavy-duty vehicle v was registered;

maxPLv is the technically permissible maximum payload of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

maxPNv is the technically permissible maximum passenger number of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

maxPLsg is the technically permissible maximum payload of the vehicle sub-group sg determined in accordance with point 2.5 of Annex I;

maxPNsg is the technically permissible maximum passenger number of the vehicle sub-group sg determined in accordance with point 2.5 of Annex I.

2.1. Determination of normalisation parameters

For each reporting period, the parameters asg and bsg shall be determined with a linear regression analysis of the correlation of the values of CWv with the values of maxPLv (heavy-duty vehicles of category N) and maxPNv (heavy-duty vehicles of category M), considering all newly registered heavy-duty vehicles v in the vehicle sub-group sg:

CWv ≈ asg maxPLv + bsg for heavy-duty vehicles of category N;

CWv ≈ asg maxPNv + bsg for heavy-duty vehicles of category M.

Where,

CWv is the curb weight of the heavy-duty vehicle v, as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b; if no precise value is available, it may be approximated by the corrected actual mass of the heavy-duty vehicle v;

maxPLv is the technically permissible maximum payload of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

maxPNv is the technically permissible maximum passenger number of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b.

3. Change of CO2 emissions for change in total vehicle mass

The ex-post change of CO2 emissions of a heavy-duty vehicle v to be determined for a mission profile mp due to an ex-post change in the total mass to be attributed to the heavy-duty vehicle for the determination of CO2 emissions is defined by the following linear approximation:

ΔCO2v,mp(m) = m (CO2v,r – CO2v,l) / (Mr – Ml)

Where,

m is the change of total mass attributed to the heavy-duty vehicle v for the determination of its CO2 emissions;

CO2v,r are the CO2 emissions of the heavy-duty vehicle v in g/km, without the change of mass, determined for the same mission profile mp, representative loading conditions;

CO2v,l are the CO2 emissions of the heavy-duty vehicle v in g/km, without the change of mass, determined for the same mission profile mp, low loading conditions;

Mr is the total vehicle mass in simulation, without the change of mass, for the same mission profile mp, representative loading conditions;

Ml is the total vehicle mass in simulation, without the change of mass, for the same mission profile mp, low loading conditions.

4. Normalisation for different cargo volumes

Heavy-duty vehicles of category O within the same vehicle sub-group have different cargo volumes. Since the transport utility of a heavy-duty vehicle increases with the cargo volume, but for technical reasons such increase is also correlated with higher CO2 emissions, the following correction of the CO2 emissions of a heavy-duty vehicle v in the vehicle sub-group sg shall be applied:

ΔCO2cvv,mp = asg,mp (CVsg – CVv)

Where,

asg,mp is a linear coefficient determined in accordance with point 4.1 for the reporting period of the year in which the heavy-duty vehicle v was registered;

CVv is the cargo volume of the heavy-duty vehicle v as determined from the data reported pursuant to Articles 13a and 13b;

CVsg is the cargo volume of the vehicle sub-group sg determined in accordance with point 2.5 of Annex I.

For heavy-duty vehicles of categories N and M, the correction of CO2 emissions ΔCO2cvv,mp shall be 0.

4.1. Determination of normalisation parameters

For each reporting period and mission profile, the parameters asg,mp and bsg,mp shall be determined with a linear regression analysis of the correlation of the values of [reportCO2v,mp + ΔCO2v,mp(m)] with the values of CVv, considering all newly registered heavy-duty vehicles v in the vehicle sub-group sg:

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