Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2023/262 of 7 September 2022 amending Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 1233/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council on the application of certain guidelines in the field of officially supported export credits
1.4.To your knowledge, are there any other matters that may impact whether courts and administrative bodies should be expected to act in a manner consistent with the Convention and QDs? If so, please specify.
Appendix III
Minimum interest rates
The provision of official financing support shall not offset or compensate, in part or in full, for the appropriate premium rate to be charged for the risk of non-repayment pursuant to the provisions of Appendix II.
MINIMUM FLOATING INTEREST RATE
The minimum floating interest rate shall be the relevant benchmark interest rate for the currency as specified by the currency’s benchmark administrator (“floating benchmark rate”) (32), and the maturity corresponding to the frequency of interest payment of officially supported export credit, to which a margin benchmark calculated in accordance with Article 8 of this Appendix, shall be added.
The floating interest rate setup mechanism shall vary according to the repayment profile chosen, as follows:
1) When the repayment of principal and the payment of interest are combined in equal instalments, the relevant floating benchmark rate effective two business days prior to the loan drawdown date, according to the relevant currency and payment frequency shall be used to calculate the entire payment schedule, as if it were a fixed rate. The principal payment schedule shall then be fixed as well as the first interest payment. The second interest payment, and so on, shall be calculated based on the relevant floating benchmark rate effective two business days before the prior payment date over the outstanding principal balance initially established. 2) When the repayment of principal is made in equal instalments, the relevant floating benchmark rate, according to the relevant currency and payment frequency, effective two business days before the loan drawdown date and prior to each payment date shall be used to calculate the following interest payment over the outstanding principal balance.
c) Where official financing support is provided for floating rate loans, buyers/borrowers may have the option to switch from a floating rate to a fixed rate provided that the following conditions are fulfilled:
1) The option is restricted to switching to the swap rate only; 2) The option to switch shall only be exercised upon request, only once, and shall be reported accordingly with a reference to the reporting form initially sent to the Secretariat pursuant to Article 24 of this Understanding.
MINIMUM FIXED INTEREST RATE
The minimum fixed interest rate shall be either:
The swap rate, concerning the relevant currency of the officially supported export credit and with a maturity equal to the interpolated rate for the two closest available annual periods to the weighted average life of the loan. The interest rate shall be set two business days prior to each drawdown date.
OR
The Commercial Interest Reference Rate (CIRR) established according to the provisions set out in Articles 3 to 7 of this Appendix,
to which, in both cases, the margin benchmark, calculated in accordance with Article 8 f) of this Appendix, shall be added.
CONSTRUCTION OF CIRR
A CIRR shall be published for the euro, the Japanese yen, the UK pound sterling, the US dollar and, pending the submission of a request by an Interested Participant, any of the eligible currencies set out in Article 9 of this Sector Understanding and calculated by adding a fixed margin of 120 basis points to one of the following three yields (the base rates):
1) Five-year government bond yields for a repayment term up to and including nine years, 2) Seven-year government bond yields for over nine and up to and including 12 years, or 3) Nine-year government bond yields for over 12 and up to and including 15 years.
CIRR shall be calculated monthly using data from the previous month and notified to the Secretariat, no later than five days after the end of each month. The Secretariat shall then inform immediately all Participants of the applicable rates and make them publicly available. CIRR shall take effect on the 15th day of each month.
c) A Participant or a non-Participant may request that a CIRR be established for the currency of a non-Participant. In consultation with the non-Participant, a Participant or the Secretariat on behalf of that non-Participant may make a proposal for the construction of the CIRR in that currency using the Common Line procedures set out in Articles 28 to 33 of this Sector Understanding.
VALIDITY PERIOD OF CIRR
Holding the CIRR: the CIRR applying to a transaction shall not be held for a period longer than six months from its selection (export contract date or any application date thereafter) to the credit agreement date. If the credit agreement is not signed within that limit, and the CIRR is reset for an additional six months, the new CIRR shall be committed at the rate prevailing at the date of reset.
b) After the credit agreement date, the CIRR shall be applied for drawing periods that do not exceed six months. After the first six-month drawing period, the CIRR is reset for the next six months; the new CIRR shall be the one prevailing at the first day of the new six-month period and cannot be lower than the CIRR originally selected (procedure to be replicated for each subsequent six-month period of drawings).
APPLICATION OF MINIMUM INTEREST RATES
Within the provisions of the credit agreement the borrower shall not be allowed an option to switch from an officially supported floating rate financing to a pre-selected CIRR financing, nor be allowed to switch between a pre-selected CIRR and the short term market rate quoted on any interest payment date throughout the life of the loan.
EARLY REPAYMENT OF FIXED INTEREST RATE LOANS
In the event of a voluntary, early repayment of a fixed interest rate loan as determined in Article 2 of this Appendix, or any portion thereof or when the CIRR applied under the credit agreement is modified into a floating or a swap rate, the borrower shall compensate the institution providing official financing support for all costs and losses incurred as a result of such actions, including the cost to the government institution of replacing the part of the fixed rate cash inflow interrupted by the early repayment.
IMMEDIATE CHANGES IN INTEREST RATES
When market developments require the notification of an amendment to a CIRR during the course of a month, the amended rate shall be implemented ten working days after notification of this amendment has been received by the Secretariat.
MARGIN BENCHMARK
A three-month floating benchmark rate for US dollar margin benchmark shall be calculated monthly in accordance with paragraph b), using data notified to the Secretariat in accordance with paragraph c), and shall take effect on the 15th day of each month. Once calculated, the margin benchmark shall be notified by the Secretariat to the Participants and shall be made publicly available.
The three-month floating benchmark rate for US dollar margin benchmark shall be a rate equivalent to the average of the lowest 50 % of the margins over: (i) three-month floating benchmark rate for US dollar charged for floating rate transactions; and (ii) three-month floating benchmark rate for US dollar as interpolated by swapping the fixed rate issuance to a floating rate equivalent charged for fixed rate transactions or capital market issuances. In either case, the margins included in the monthly benchmark reports submitted by relevant Participants shall be those from the three full calendar months preceding the effective date set out in paragraph a) above. Transactions/issuances that are used in the calculation of the margin benchmark shall meet the following conditions:
1) 100 % unconditional guarantee transactions denominated in US dollars; and 2) Official support provided in respect of aircraft valued at or above USD 35 million (or its equivalent in any other eligible currency).
Participants shall report a margin at the time it becomes known and that margin will remain on the Participant’s margin benchmark report for three full calendar months. In the case of individual transactions with multiple pricing events, there shall be no attempt to match subsequent pricing events to ex post notifications.
Participants shall notify transactions as of the date on which the long-term margin is realised. For bank mandated deals (including PEFCO), the date on which the margin is realised would be the earliest of the following: (i) issuance of a final commitment by the Participant; (ii) setting of the margin post-commitment; (iii) loan drawdown; and (iv) setting of the long-term margin post-drawdown. In the case of several drawdowns occurring under the same bank mandate at the same margin, notification shall only be made in respect of the first aircraft. For loans funded by way of capital market issuance, the date on which the margin is realised shall be the date on which the long term rate is set which is typically the bond issuance date. In the case of several drawdowns occurring under the same bond and at the same margin, notification shall only be made in respect of the first aircraft.
The three-month floating benchmark rate for US dollar margin benchmark shall be applicable to a floating rate transaction and shall be set no earlier than the date of the final commitment.
For a fixed rate transaction, the margin benchmark applicable to the transaction shall be determined by swapping the three-month floating benchmark rate for US dollar margin benchmark into an equivalent spread over the applicable fixed rate, as determined in Article 2 of this Appendix, no earlier than the final commitment date and shall be set no earlier than that date.
g) The Participants shall monitor the margin benchmark and shall review the margin benchmark mechanism upon the request of any Participant.
Appendix IV
Reporting form
Basic information
1.Notifying country
2.Notification date
3.Name of notifying authority/agency
4.Identification number
Buyer/borrower/guarantor information
5.Name and country of buyer
6.Name and country of borrower
7.Name and country of guarantor
8.Status of buyer/borrower/guarantor, e.g. sovereign, private bank, other private
9.Risk classification of buyer/borrower/guarantor
Financial terms and conditions
10.In what form is official support provided, e.g. pure cover, official financing support
11.If official financing support is provided, is it a direct credit/refinancing/interest rate support
12.Description of the transaction supported, including the manufacturer, aircraft model and number of aircraft.
13.Final commitment date
14.Currency of credit
15.Credit amount, according to the following scale in USD millions:
| Category | Credit Amount |
|---|---|
| I | 0–200 |
| II | 200–400 |
| III | 400–600 |
| IV | 600–900 |
| V | 900–1 200 |
| VI | 1 200 –1 500 |
| VII | 1 500 –2 000 (*1) |
| (*1) Indicate the number of USD 300 million multiples in excess of USD 2 000 million. |
16.Percentage of official support
17.Repayment term
18.Repayment profile and frequency – including, where appropriate, weighted average life
19.Length of time between the starting point of credit and the first repayment of principal
20.Interest rates:
— Minimum interest rate applied
— Margin benchmark applied
21.Total premium charged by way of:
— Up-front fees (in percentage of the credit amount) or
— Spreads (basis points per annum above the applied interest rate)
— As appropriate, please indicate separately the 15 % surcharge applied in accordance with Appendix II Article 20 b).
22.In the case of direct credit/financing, fees charged by way of:
— Arrangement/Structuring fee
— Commitment/Premium holding fee
— Administration fee
23.Premium holding period
24.In the case of pure cover, premium holding fees
25.Transaction structuring terms: risk mitigants/premium surcharge applied
26.As appropriate, an indication of the impact of the Cape Town Convention on the premium rate applied
Appendix V
List of definitions
ANNEX IV
SECTOR UNDERSTANDING ON EXPORT CREDITS FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY, CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION AND ADAPTATION, AND WATER PROJECTS
The purpose of this Sector Understanding is to provide adequate financial terms and conditions to projects in selected sectors identified including under international initiatives as significantly contributing to climate change mitigation, including renewable energy, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions’ reduction and high energy efficiency projects, climate change adaptation, as well as water projects. The Participants to this Sector Understanding agree that the financial terms and conditions of the Sector Understanding, which complements the Arrangement, shall be implemented in a way that is consistent with the Purpose of the Arrangement.
CHAPTER I
Scope of the sector understanding
This Sector Understanding sets out the financial terms and conditions that apply to officially supported export credits relating to contracts in the eligible sectors listed in Appendix I of this Sector Understanding for:
1) The export of complete renewable energies plants or parts thereof, comprising all components, equipment, materials and services (including the training of personnel) directly required for the construction and commissioning of such plants. 2) The modernisation of existing renewable energies plants in cases where the economic life of the plant is likely to be extended by at least the repayment period to be awarded. If this criterion is not met, the terms of the Arrangement apply.
This Sector Understanding does not apply to items located outside the power plant site boundary for which the buyer is usually responsible, in particular, water supply not directly linked to the power production plant, costs associated with land development, roads, construction villages, power lines and switchyard, as well as costs arising in the buyer’s country from official approval procedures (e.g. site permits, construction permit), except:
1) In cases where the buyer of the switchyard is the same as the buyer of the power plant and the contract is concluded in relation to the original switchyard for that power plant, the terms and conditions for the original switchyard shall not exceed those for the renewable energies power plant; and 2) The terms and conditions for sub-stations, transformers and transmission lines with a minimum voltage threshold of 60 kV located outside the renewable energies power plant site boundary shall not be more generous than those for the renewable energies power plant.
This Sector Understanding sets out the financial terms and conditions that apply to officially supported export credits relating to contracts in a sector listed in Appendix II of this Sector Understanding. This list of sectors and, when applicable, corresponding technology-neutral performance criteria used to define a project’s eligibility, may be modified over time in accordance with the review provisions set out in Article 10 of this Sector Understanding.
Such contracts shall relate to the export of complete projects or parts thereof, comprising all components, equipment, materials and services (including the training of personnel) directly required for the construction and commissioning of an identifiable project, providing that:
1) The project should result in low to zero carbon emissions, or CO2 equivalent, and/or in high energy efficiency; 2) The project should be designed to meet, as a minimum, the performance standards as set out in Appendix II; and 3) The terms and conditions provided shall be extended only to address specific financial disadvantages encountered by a project, and shall be based on the individual financial needs and specific market conditions of each project.
This Sector Understanding sets out the financial terms and conditions that apply to officially supported export credits relating to contracts for projects that meet the criteria set out in Appendix III of this Sector Understanding.
Such contracts shall relate to the export of complete projects or parts thereof, comprising all components, equipment, materials and services (including the training of personnel) directly required for the execution and commissioning of an identifiable project, providing that:
1) The conditions set out in Appendix III are met; 2) The terms and conditions provided shall be extended only to address specific financial disadvantages encountered by a project, and shall be based on the individual financial needs and specific market conditions of each project.
This Sector Understanding applies to the modernisation of existing projects, to take into consideration adaptation concerns, in cases where the economic life of the project is likely to be extended by at least the repayment period to be awarded. If this criterion is not met, the terms of the Arrangement apply.
This Sector Understanding sets out the financial terms and conditions that apply to officially supported export credits relating to contracts for the export of complete projects or parts thereof related to the supply of water for human use and wastewater treatment facilities:
Infrastructure for the supply of drinking water to municipalities, including to households and small businesses, i.e. water purification for the purpose of obtaining drinking water and distribution network (including leakage control).
Wastewater collection and treatment facilities, i.e. collection and treatment of household and industrial wastewater and sewage, including processes for the re-use or recycling of water and the treatment of sludge directly associated with these activities.
c) The modernisation of such facilities in cases where the economic life of the plant is likely to be extended by at least the repayment period to be awarded. If this criterion is not met, the provisions of the Arrangement apply.
CHAPTER II
Provisions for export credits
For officially supported export credits relating to contracts in the sectors listed in Appendix I, and for water projects defined in Article 4 of this Sector Understanding, the maximum repayment term is 18 years.
For officially supported export credits relating to contracts of a value of at least SDR 10 million in the project classes listed in Appendix II, the maximum repayment term is set out as follows:
1) For contracts in Project Class A: 18 years. 2) For contracts in Project Class B and Project Class C: 15 years.
For officially supported export credits relating to contracts of a value of less than SDR 10 million in the project classes listed in Appendix II, the maximum repayment term is set out as follows:
1) For Category I countries as defined in Article 11 of the Arrangement, the maximum repayment term is five years, with the possibility of agreeing up to eight-and-a-half years when the procedures for prior notification set out in Article 7 of this Sector Understanding are followed. 2) For Category II countries, the maximum repayment term is 10 years. 3) Notwithstanding subparagraphs 1) and 2) above, for non-nuclear power plants as defined in Article 14 of the Arrangement, the maximum repayment term is 12 years.
For officially supported export credits relating to contracts of a value of at least SDR 10 million for projects supported in conformity with Appendix III, the maximum repayment term is 15 years.
The Participants shall apply a profile of repayment of principal and payment of interest as specified in subparagraph 1) or 2) below:
1) Repayment of principal shall be made in equal instalments. 2) Repayment of principal and payment of interest combined shall be made in equal instalments.
Principal shall be repaid and interest shall be paid no less frequently than every six months and the first instalment of principal and interest shall be made no later than six months after the starting point of credit.
On an exceptional and duly justified basis, official support may be provided on terms other than those set out in paragraphs a) and b) above. The provision of such support shall be explained by an imbalance in the timing of the funds available to the obligor and the debt service profile available under an equal, semi-annual repayment schedule, and shall comply with the following criteria:
1) No single repayment of principal or series of principal payments within a six-month period shall exceed 25 % of the principal sum of the credit. 2) Principal shall be repaid no less frequently than every 12 months. The first repayment of principal shall be made no later than 18 months after the starting point of credit and no less than 2 % of the principal sum of the credit shall have been repaid 18 months after the starting point of credit. 3) Interest shall be paid no less frequently than every 12 months and the first interest payment shall be made no later than six months after the starting point of credit. 4) The maximum weighted average life of the repayment period shall not exceed 60 % of the maximum available tenor.
d) Interest due after the starting point of credit shall not be capitalised.
CHAPTER III
Procedures
A Participant intending to provide support in accordance with the provisions of this Sector Understanding, shall give prior notification at least ten calendar days before issuing any commitment, in accordance with:
1) Article 46 of the Arrangement if the support is extended pursuant to Article 1, 2 or 4 of this Sector Understanding; 2) Article 45 of the Arrangement if the support is extended pursuant to Article 3 of this Sector Understanding.
For projects falling in the Project Classes listed in Appendix II of this Sector Understanding, such notifications shall include an enhanced description of the project in order to demonstrate how the project complies with the criteria for support, as set out in Article 2 b) of this Sector Understanding.
For projects supported in conformity with Appendix III of this Sector Understanding, such notification shall include:
1) An enhanced description of the project in order to demonstrate how the project complies with the criteria for support, as set out in Article 3 b) of this Sector Understanding, and 2) Access to the outcome of the independent third-party review required in Appendix III.
Notwithstanding paragraph a) 1) above, if the notifying Participant intends to provide support with a repayment term in excess of 15 years and/or in accordance with Article 6 c) of this Sector Understanding, it shall give prior notification at least ten calendar days before issuing any commitment in accordance with Article 45 of the Arrangement.
e) A Participant shall inform all other Participants of its final decision following a discussion, to facilitate the review of the body of experience.
CHAPTER IV
Monitoring and review
The Participants agree to examine the following issues:
Term-adjusted risk-premia.
Conditions for low emission/high energy efficiency fossil fuel power plants including definition of CCUS-readiness.
Net zero energy buildings.
Fuel cell projects.
The Secretariat shall report annually on the implementation of this Sector Understanding.
The Participants shall regularly review the scope and other provisions of this Sector Understanding and at the latest by the end of 2020.
Appendix II of this Sector Understanding shall be reviewed at regular intervals, including upon the request of a Participant, with the view to assessing whether any Project Class and/or Type should be added to, or removed from, or whether any thresholds should be changed in, that Appendix. Proposals for new Project Classes and/or Types shall be supported by information on how projects within such a Class/Type should fulfil the criteria set out in Article 2 b) and shall follow the methodology set out in Appendix IV of this Sector Understanding.
The Participants shall undertake a review of Appendix III of this Sector Understanding by the end of 2020, with a view to assessing the international initiatives related to adaptation, market conditions, and the body of experience developed from the notification process to determine if the definitions, project criteria, terms and conditions should be continued and or amended.
e) After 31 December 2027, the terms and conditions related to Appendix III shall be discontinued unless the Participants agree otherwise.
Appendix I
Renewable energies sectors
The following renewable energies sectors shall be eligible for the financial terms and conditions set out in this Sector Understanding provided that their impacts are addressed in accordance with the 2012 Recommendation of the Council on Common Approaches on Officially Supported Export Credits and Environmental and Social Due Diligence (33) (as subsequently amended by Members of the OECD Working Group on Export Credits and Credit Guarantee (ECG) and adopted by the OECD Council):
Wind energy (34).
Geothermal energy.
Tidal and tidal stream power.
Wave power.
Osmotic power.
Solar photovoltaic power.
Solar thermal energy.
Ocean thermal energy.
Bio-energy: all sustainable landfill gas, sewage treatment plant gas, biogas energy or fuel derived from biomass energy installations. “Biomass” shall mean the biodegradable fraction of products, waste and residues from agriculture (including vegetal and animal substances), forestry and related industries, as well as the biodegradable fraction of industrial and municipal waste.
Hydro power.
k) Energy efficiency in Renewable Energies projects.
Appendix II
Climate change mitigation sectors
| PROJECT CLASS | DEFINITION | RATIONALE | STANDARDS USED | REPAYMENT TERMS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Project Class A: Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage | ||||
| TYPE 1: Fossil Fuel Power Plants with Operational Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) | A process consisting of the separation of CO2 stream from the emissions produced by fossil fuel generation sources, transport to a storage site, for the purposes of environmentally safe and permanent geological storage of CO2 or use as an input or feedstock to create products or services. | To achieve low carbon emission levels for fossil fuel power sources. | Carbon intensity shall achieve a level equal to or less than 350 metric ton CO2 per GWh vented to atmosphere (1); Or In the case of all projects, a capture and storage rate that would reduce the plant’s carbon emissions by 65 % or greater; Or The capture rate has to be at least 85 % of CO2 emitted by the equipment included in the application for officially supported export credits. The 85 % is to apply at normal operating conditions. | 18 years |
| Project Class A: Carbon Capture Utilisation and Storage | ||||
| TYPE 2: CCUS Projects as such | A process consisting of the separation of CO2 from industrial or energy generation sources, transport to a storage site, for the purposes of environmentally safe and permanent geological storage of CO2 or use as an input or feedstock to create products or services. | To significantly reduce carbon emissions from existing sources. | In the case of all projects, a capture and storage rate that would reduce the industrial or energy generation carbon emissions by 65 % or greater; Or The capture rate has to be at least 85 % of CO2 emitted by the equipment included in the application for officially supported export credits. The 85 % is to apply at normal operating conditions. | 18 years |
| (1) In the case of a plant fuelled by natural gas, significantly lower carbon intensity is expected to be achieved. | ||||
| PROJECT CLASS | DEFINITION | RATIONALE | STANDARDS USED | REPAYMENT TERMS |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Project Class B: Fossil Fuel Substitution | ||||
| TYPE 1: Waste to Energy | Unit dedicated to generating energy by thermal treatment (including gasification) of mixed stream solid waste. | To offset GHG emissions from the use of conventional power and by reducing future GHG such as methane that would normally emanate from the waste. | In the case of a steam cycle, a boiler (or steam generator) energy conversion efficiency of at least 75 % based on low heating value (LHV) (1). In the case of gasification, a gasifier efficiency of at least 65 % LHV (2). | 15 years |
| Project Class B: Fossil Fuel Substitution | ||||
| TYPE 2: Hybrid Power Plants | A power plant that generates electric power from both a renewable energy source and a fossil fuel source. | To meet the requirement of plant availability, a fossil fuel generating source is required for those periods when power from the renewable energy source is not available or sufficient. The fossil fuel source enables the usage of renewable energy in the hybrid plant, thereby achieving a significant carbon reduction compared with standard fossil fuel plant. | Model 1: Two separate generation sources: one Renewable Energy and one fossil fuel. Project shall be designed such that at least 50 % of its projected total annual energy output originates from the plant’s renewable energy source. Model 2: Single generation source using the combination of renewable and fossil fuel. The project shall be designed such that at least 75 % of the useful energy produced is derived from the renewable source. | 15 years |
| (1) Boiler (or steam generator) energy conversion efficiency = (Net heat exported by the steam/heat or calorific value [LHV] provided by the fuel) (× 100 %). (2) Gasifier efficiency = (Calorific value of gas per kg of fuel used/average net calorific value (LHV) of 1 kg of fuel) (× 100 %). | ||||
| PROJECT CLASS | DEFINITION | RATIONALE | STANDARDS USED | REPAYMENT TERMS |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Project Class C: Energy Efficiency | ||||
| TYPE 1: Combined Heat & Power projects | Simultaneous generation of multiple forms of energy (electrical, mechanical and thermal) in a single integrated system. Output of the CHP plant shall include electric or mechanical energy and heat for commercial industrial and/or residential use. | Up to two thirds of the primary energy used to generate electricity in conventional thermal power plants is lost in the form of heat. Combined heat and power (CHP) generation can therefore be an effective GHG mitigation option. CHP is possible with all heat machines and fuels (including biomass and solar thermal) from a few kW-rated to 1 000 MW steam-condensing power plants (1). | Overall efficiency of at least 75 % based on low heating value (LHV) (2). | 15 years |
| Project Class C: Energy Efficiency | ||||
| TYPE 2: District heating and/or cooling | Network which carries/distributes thermal energy from energy producing unit to end use. | To improve the efficiency of heating of districts by building piping networks for steam and/or hot water with substantial thermal efficiency, both by minimising losses of piping and converters, and by increasing the amount of utilisation of waste heat. District cooling is an integrative technology that can make significant contributions to reducing emissions of carbon dioxide and air pollution and to increasing energy security e.g. via substitution of individual air-conditioners. | The district piping thermal conductivity shall be less than 80 % of the relevant thermal conductivity required by the European standard EN253:2009 (to be reviewed when this standard is updated). | 15 years |
| (1) IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007, http://www.ipcc.ch/publications_and_data/ar4/wg3/en/ch4s4-3-5.html (2) The total system efficiency (ηo) of a CHP system is the sum of the net useful power output (WE) and net useful thermal outputs (ΣQTH) divided by the total fuel input (QFUEL), as shown below: |
| PROJECT CLASS | DEFINITION | RATIONALE | STANDARDS USED | REPAYMENT TERMS |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Project Class C: Energy Efficiency | | | | | | TYPE 3: Smart Grids | Integrated, technologically advanced electricity networks with improved dynamic capabilities to monitor and control the input and output of all their constituent technical components (such as power generation, Network Management Solutions, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) converters and systems, Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS), Special Power Systems (SPS), transmission, distribution, storage, Smart Grid Power Electronics Solutions, consumption reduction, metering, distributed energy resources). ICT according to internationally agreed industry standards such as NIST-SGIP and ETSI-CEN-Cenelec. | To enable network operators, transmission and distribution system operators, grid users, storage owners, metering operators, applications and service providers or power exchange platform operators to create economical, environmentally-friendly, balanced and sustainable power systems with reduced transmission losses and optimised levels of supply quality, safety, grid stability, reliability, renewable power collection and cost-efficiency by supporting supply contracts involving predominantly export of state-of-the-art, innovative technologies and services. | Standards 1, 2 (a or b) and 3 shall be met. 1. The total cost of the project includes at least 20 % for eligible information and communication technology (ICT) upgrades. 2a. An estimated minimum 10 % reduction in the amount of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel will result from the project or application, or 2b. Demonstrated significant CO2 emission reductions will be enabled through either: — reductions in energy losses within the electricity grid served by the Smart Grid application or project by at least 5 %; or — reductions in aggregate electricity consumption by loads served by the Smart Grid application or project by at least 5 %; or — intermittent feed-in of renewable energies, including from subordinate voltage levels, representing at least an additional 10 % of the total energy fed into the grid where the smart grid technologies are applied. 3. Prior to authorisation, an independent, qualified third party will review the project and prepare a report that describes the characteristics of the proposed Smart Grid application or project and verifies whether the project or application will meet standards 1 and 2 (a or b). For projects using the 2b standard, estimated CO2 emissions reductions enabled by the project will be included in the report. Such report will be shared with Participants prior to any authorisation of financial support and authorisation will be conditional on the report positively verifying that standards 1 and 2 (a or b) will be met by the proposed Smart Grid project or application. Standards will be measured by comparing the estimated emissions or energy use from an Area Served by the Grid if the proposed Smart Grid technologies are applied to emissions or energy use of that same area if the proposed Smart Grid technologies were not applied. | 15 years |
Appendix III
Eligibility criteria for climate change adaptation projects
A project is eligible for the financial terms and conditions set out in this Sector Understanding if:
Climate change adaptation is the principal objective of the project, and it is explicitly indicated and explained as such in the project plan and supporting documents, as being fundamental to the design of the project.
The project’s proposal shall include an analysis and identification of specific and relevant climate change-related risks and vulnerabilities, and how the proposed measures or technologies will directly address them.
There is an independent third-party review conducted on the project, either separately or as an integral part of the project plan which is made publicly available, such as published on the website of the national authority. The review shall evaluate the specific and relevant climate change-related risks and vulnerabilities and how the proposed measures contained within the project will directly address them.
d) The useful life of the project exceeds 15 years.
Appendix IV
Methodology to be used when determining the eligibility of sectors relating to Article 2 of this sector understanding
When proposing that Project Class or Type be added to Appendix II of this Sector Understanding, Participants shall provide a detailed description of the proposed Project Class or Type and information on how such projects fulfil the criteria set out in Article 2 b) of this Sector Understanding; such information shall include:
An evaluation of the direct contribution of the Project Class or Type to climate change mitigation, including a comparison of the sector performance, based on measurable data regarding carbon emissions or CO2 equivalent and/or in high energy efficiency, with conventional and in-use newer technological approaches; this comparison shall, in all cases, be based on quantitative measures, such as a decrease in emissions per unit produced.
A description of the technical and performance standards of the Project Class or Type proposed sector, including information on any relevant, existing Best Available Techniques (BAT); if appropriate, this description shall explain how the technology is an improvement on the existing BAT.
c) A description of the financial barriers in the proposed Project Class or Type, including any financial needs and market conditions, and identify the provisions under this Sector Understanding that are expected to enable such projects to proceed.
Appendix V
List of definitions
ANNEX V
SECTOR UNDERSTANDING ON EXPORT CREDITS FOR RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
The Participants to this Sector Understanding agree that the financial terms and conditions of the Sector Understanding, which complements the Arrangement, shall be implemented in a way that is consistent with the Purpose of the Arrangement.
CHAPTER I
Scope of the sector understanding
This Sector Understanding sets out the financial terms and conditions that apply to officially supported export credits relating to contracts for rail and other specified track-bound transportation infrastructure assets essential to operating trains, including control (e.g. signalling and other IT) systems, electrification, tracks, overhead wires and cables, pylons, rolling stock, cable cars, trolley buses, and related construction work.
b) The specific types of track-bound transportation systems that are eligible for support according to the terms and conditions of this Annex are:
1) Any type of rail transportation system. 2) Trolleybus transportation systems. 3) Cable car transportation systems (35).
CHAPTER II
Provisions for export credits
For officially supported export credits relating to contracts included within the scope of application of this Sector Understanding, the maximum repayment term is set out as follows:
1) For contracts in Category I countries (as defined in Article 10 of the Arrangement): 12 years. 2) For contacts in Category II countries (as defined in Article 10 of the Arrangement): 14 years.
To qualify for the repayment terms set out in paragraph a) above, the following conditions shall apply:
1) The transaction shall involve an overall contract value of more than SDR 10 million; and 2) The repayment terms shall not exceed the useful life of the track-bound transportation infrastructure asset financed; and 3) For transactions in Category I countries, the transaction involves/is characterised by: — Participation in a loan syndication with private financial institutions that do not benefit from Official Export Credit Support, whereby:
The Participant is a minority partner with pari passu status throughout the life of the loan; and
ii) Official export credit support provided by the Participants comprises less than 50 % of the syndication. — Premium rates for any official support that do not undercut available private market financing and that are commensurate with the corresponding rates being charged by other private financial institutions that are participating in the syndication.
A Participant may request a waiver of the condition set out in paragraph b) 3) above, through use of a Common Line, in accordance with Articles 56 to 61 of the Arrangement. In such cases, the Participant proposing the Common Line shall provide, either in the proposed Common Line or in each individual transaction thereafter notified, a comprehensive explanation for the support, including specific data on pricing, and a rationale for the need to waive the provisions of paragraph b) 3) above.
The repayment of principal and interest shall be provided according to Article 15 of the Arrangement except that the maximum weighted average life of the repayment period under paragraph d) 4) of that Article shall be:
For transaction in a Category I countries, six-and-a-quarter years; and
b) For transaction in a Category II countries, seven-and-a-quarter years.
CHAPTER III
Procedures
A Participant shall give prior notification in accordance with Article 45 of the Arrangement at least ten calendar days before issuing any commitment if it intends to provide support for a transaction in a Category I country. Such notifications shall include a comprehensive explanation for the official support, including specific data on pricing.
A Participant shall give prior notification in accordance with Article 46 of the Arrangement at least ten calendar days before issuing any commitment if it intends to provide support for:
1) A transaction in a Category II country; or 2) A transaction supported pursuant to a Common Line set out in accordance with Article 2 c) of this Sector Understanding. Such prior notification may be made concurrently with, and subject to the approval of, the Common Line proposal.
Notwithstanding the provisions of Article 61 a) of the Arrangement, all agreed Common Lines shall cease to be valid on 31 December 2023, unless the Participants agree to the extension of this Sector Understanding in accordance with Article 6 d) of this Sector Understanding.
CHAPTER IV
Monitoring and review
The Secretariat shall report annually on the implementation of this Sector Understanding.
After 31 December 2023, and subject to paragraph c) below, the less than 50 % syndication requirement set out in subparagraph ii) of the first tiret of Article 2 b) 3) of this Sector Understanding shall be replaced by a maximum 35 % syndication requirement unless the Participants agree otherwise.
The Participants shall undertake a review of this Sector Understanding by the end of 2023 with a view to assessing the market conditions and other factors to determine whether the terms and conditions should be continued and or amended.
d) After 31 December 2023, the terms and conditions of this Sector Understanding shall be discontinued unless the Participants agree otherwise.
ANNEX VI
TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLICABLE TO PROJECT FINANCE TRANSACTIONS
CHAPTER I
General provisions
This Annex sets out terms and conditions that Participants may support for project finance transactions that meet the eligibility criteria set out in Appendix 1.
b) Where no corresponding provision exists in this Annex, the terms of the Arrangement shall apply.
CHAPTER II
Financial terms and conditions
The maximum repayment term is 14 years, except when official export credit support provided by the Participants comprises more than 35 % of the syndication for a project in a High Income OECD country, the maximum repayment term is 10 years.
The principal sum of an export credit may be repaid in unequal instalments, and principal and interest may be paid in less frequent than semi-annual instalments, as long as the following conditions are met:
No single repayment of principal or series of principal payments within a six-month period shall exceed 25 % of the principal sum of the credit.
The first repayment of principal shall be made no later than 24 months after the starting point of credit and no less than 2 % of the principal sum of the credit shall have been repaid 24 months after the starting point of credit.
Interest shall be paid no less frequently than every 12 months and the first interest payment shall be made no later than six months after the starting point of credit.
The weighted average life of the repayment period shall not exceed seven-and-a-quarter years, except when official export credit support provided by the Participants comprises more than 35 % of the syndication for a project in a High Income OECD country, the weighted average life of the repayment period shall not exceed five-and-a-quarter years.
e) The Participant shall give prior notification according to Article 4 of this Annex.
CHAPTER III
Procedures
A Participant shall notify all Participants of the intent to provide support according to the terms and conditions of this Annex at least ten calendar days before issuing any commitment. The notification shall be provided in accordance with Annex VII of the Arrangement. If any Participant requests an explanation in respect of the terms and conditions being supported during this period, the notifying Participant shall wait an additional ten calendar days before issuing any commitment.
Appendix 1
Eligibility criteria for project finance transactions
I. BASIC CRITERIA
The transaction involves/is characterised by:
The financing of a particular economic unit in which a lender is satisfied to consider the cash flows and earnings of that economic unit as the source of funds from which a loan will be repaid and to the assets of the economic unit as collateral for the loan.
Financing of export transactions with an independent (legally and economically) project company, e.g. special purpose company, in respect of investment projects generating their own revenues.
Appropriate risk-sharing among the partners of the project, e.g. private or creditworthy public shareholders, exporters, creditors, off-takers, including adequate equity.
Project cash flow sufficient during the entire repayment period to cover operating costs and debt service for outside funds.
Priority deduction from project revenues of operating costs and debt service.
A non-sovereign buyer/borrower with no sovereign repayment guarantee (not including performance guarantees, e.g. off-take arrangements).
Asset-based securities for proceeds/assets of the project, e.g. assignments, pledges, proceed accounts;
h) Limited or no recourse to the sponsors of the private sector shareholders/sponsors of the project after completion.
II. ADDITIONAL CRITERIA FOR PROJECT FINANCE TRANSACTIONS IN HIGH INCOME OECD COUNTRIES
The transaction involves/is characterised by:
Participation in a loan syndication with private financial institutions that do not benefit from Official Export Credit Support, whereby:
— The Participant is a minority partner with pari passu status throughout the life of the loan, and — Official export credit support provided by the Participants comprises less than 50 % of the syndication.
b) Premium rates for any official support that do not undercut available private market financing and that are commensurate with the corresponding rates being charged by other private financial institutions that are participating in the syndication.
ANNEX VII
INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED FOR NOTIFICATIONS
The information listed in Section I below shall be provided for all notifications made under the Arrangement (including its Annexes). In addition, the information specified in Section II shall be provided, as appropriate, in relation to the specific type of notification being made.
I. INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED FOR ALL NOTIFICATIONS
1.Notifying country
2.Date of notification
3.Notifying institution/authority/agency
4.ECA(s) extending official export credit support
a. ECA providing insurance/guarantee support
b. ECA providing finance support
5.Notification number
6.Identification codes (internal)
7.Credit line reference number (if relevant)
8.Status (e.g. original, revision, replacement)
9.Revision number (if relevant)
10.Arrangement Article(s) under which notification is being made
11.Reference number of notification matched (if relevant)
12.Description of support being matched (if relevant)
13.Destination country
14.Buyer name
15.Buyer country
16.Buyer location (if known)
17.Buyer status
18.Buyer type
19.Borrower name (if the borrower is not the buyer)
20.Borrower country (if the borrower is not the buyer)
21.Borrower location (if the borrower is not the buyer)
22.Borrower status (if the borrower is not the buyer)
23.Borrower type (if the borrower is not the buyer)
24.Guarantor name (if relevant)
25.Guarantor country (if relevant)
26.Guarantor location (if relevant)
27.Guarantor status (if relevant)
28.Guarantor type (if relevant)
29.Detailed description of the products and/or services being exported
30.Detailed description of the project (or sector) for which the exports are being provided
31.Suggested purpose code
32.Location of the project (if known)
33.Tender closing date (if relevant)
34.Expiry date of credit line (if relevant)
35.Value of contract(s) supported, according to the following scale in millions of SDRs:
| Category | From | To |
|---|---|---|
| I: | 0 | 1 |
| II: | 1 | 2 |
| III: | 2 | 3 |
| IV: | 3 | 5 |
| V: | 5 | 7 |
| VI: | 7 | 10 |
| VII: | 10 | 20 |
| VIII: | 20 | 40 |
| IX: | 40 | 80 |
| X: | 80 | 120 |
| XI: | 120 | 160 |
| XII: | 160 | 200 |
| XIII: | 200 | 240 |
| XIV: | 240 | 280 |
| XV: | 280 | (*1) |
| (*1) Indicate the number of SDR 40 million multiples in excess of SDR 280 million, e.g. SDR 410 million would be notified as Category XV+3. |
36.Value of contract(s) supported, actual amount (in contract currency)
37.Currency of contract(s)
The following information should be provided in respect of each tranche supported for transactions comprising multiple tranches with different financial terms and conditions.
38.Credit value, SDR scale
39.Credit value, actual amount (optional in lieu of item 38)
40.Credit currency
41.Down payment (% export contract value)
42.Local costs (% export contract value)
43.SPOC determined according to (with reference to Annex XIV definition q)
44.Length of the repayment period
45.Length of repayment period units
46.Interest rate base
47.Interest rate or margin above base
48.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section I
II. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION TO BE PROVIDED, AS APPROPRIATE, FOR NOTIFICATIONS MADE IN RELATION TO SPECIFIC PROVISIONS
The following information should be provided in respect of each tranche supported for transactions comprising multiple tranches with different financial terms and conditions.
49.Type of local costs supported
50.Nature of local costs supported: Capital equipment?
51.Nature of local costs supported: Deliveries from local subsidiaries and/or affiliates?
52.Nature of local costs supported: Local construction or installation costs?
53.Nature of local costs supported: VAT, import duties, other taxes?
54.Nature of local costs supported: Other?
55.Description of “other” local costs
56.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.a.
57.Repayment profile
58.Repayment frequency (principal)
59.Repayment frequency (interest)
60.First principal repayment after SPOC
61.First principal repayment after SPOC units
62.Amount of interest capitalised before the SPOC
63.Capitalised interest currency
64.Weighted average life of the repayment period
65.Percentage principal repaid by mid-point of credit
66.Explanation of the reason for not providing support according to standard repayment structures
67.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.b.
68.Country risk classification of the obligor’s country
69.Application of an offshore future flow structure combined with an offshore escrow account? (Categories 1–7 only)
70.The applicable country and buyer risk categories are related to the (buyer, borrower, guarantor, project, transaction)
71.Applicable country risk classification
72.Applicable buyer risk category
73.Does the entity indicated in #70 have a foreign currency rating from an accredited credit rating agency (CRA)?
74.Most favourable accredited CRA foreign currency rating for the entity indicated in #70
75.Accredited CRA providing the rating reported in #74
76.Basis for applicable Minimum Premium Rate (MPR)
77.Basis for actual premium rate charged
78.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the basis for the actual premium rate charged
79.Length of the drawdown period
80.Length of drawdown period units
81.Percentage of cover for political (country) risk
82.Percentage of cover for commercial (buyer) risk
83.Official export credit product
84.Interest covered during claims waiting period?
85.MPR (based on item 76) country risk mitigation or buyer risk credit enhancements
86.Local currency financing? (Cat 1–7 MPRs only)
87.Local currency factor (LCF) applied
88.Buyer risk credit enhancements?
89.Total credit enhancement factor (CEF) applied
90.Applicable MPR (based on item 76) after any country risk mitigation or buyer risk credit enhancements
91.Actual premium rate charged
92.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.c.
93.Explanation of the characteristics of the obligor against the criteria for Buyer Risk Category CC0 in Annex XII of the Arrangement
94.Rationale for buyer risk category better than accredited CRA rating
95.Type of name-specific or related entity debt instrument used to set premium
96.Name of the debt instrument entity
97.Detailed description and key characteristics of the debt instrument and the methodology used to derive the pricing, including (but not limited to) information about the tenor, credit profile, liquidity and currency of the instrument
98.Relationship between the transaction obligor/guarantor and the related entity
99.Does the transaction obligor/guarantor have the same issuer CRA rating as the related entity?
100.Does the related entity meet all of the criteria listed in Annex XIV (definition “o”) of the Arrangement?
101.Detailed explanation of how the criteria that define a related entity have been met
102.Justification for the buyer risk classification
103.Best accredited CRA foreign currency rating for the sovereign in the obligor’s/guarantor’s domicile (If the applicable buyer risk category is more favourable than the best accredited CRA rating of the sovereign in the obligor’s/guarantor’s domicile for an unrated obligor)
104.Accredited CRA providing the rating reported in #103
105.Is syndicated loan package structured as either an asset-backed or project finance transaction?
106.Do commercial market loans/guarantees without any bilateral or multilateral support comprise at least 25 % of the syndicate?
107.Are all parties to the financing on pari passu terms on all financial terms and conditions, including the security package?
108.Are the financial terms and conditions of the transaction fully compliant with the Arrangement, as modified by the provisions for Market Benchmark pricing in syndicated loans/guarantees transactions?
109.Detailed description of the methodology used to derive the premium (or all-in cost for direct lending) reported in item 91
110.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.d.
111.Does the guarantee cover the entire duration of the debt?
112.Is the guarantee irrevocable, unconditional and available on demand?
113.Is the guarantee legally valid and capable of being enforced in the guarantor country’s jurisdiction?
114.Is the guarantor creditworthy in relation to the size of the guaranteed debt?
115.Is the guarantor subject to the monetary control and transfer regulations of the country in which it is located?
116.Percentage of the total amount at risk (i.e. principal and interest) that is covered by the guarantee
117.Does any financial relationship exist between the guarantor and the obligor?
118.Type of relationship
119.Is the guarantor legally and financially independent and can it fulfil the obligor’s payment obligation?
120.Would the guarantor be affected by events, regulations or sovereign intervention in the obligor’s country?
121.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.e.
For the application of an offshore future flow structure combined with an offshore escrow account:
– 132.Confirmation that the criteria listed in Annex XIII have been met
133.Information on additional factors taken into consideration and/or any other comments regarding the application of an offshore future flow structure combined with an offshore escrow account
For local currency financing:
– 139.Confirmation that the criteria listed in Annex XIII have been met
140.Local currency used
141.Information on additional factors taken into consideration and/or any other comments regarding the application of local currency financing
142.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.f.
– 150.The specific buyer risk credit enhancements and corresponding credit enhancement factors applied
151.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.g.
152.Does the repayment term supported exceed the useful life of the track-bound transportation infrastructure asset financed?
153.Comments (regarding item 152)
For all transactions involving Category I countries:
154.Comprehensive explanation for provision of official support
155.Has a waiver of the conditions set out in Article 2, Paragraph b) 3) of Annex V been requested via a common line?
156.Common line status
157.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding any common line
158.Explanation of why project finance terms are being provided
159.Contract value in relation to turnkey contract, portion of sub-contracts, etc.
160.Type of cover provided prior to SPOC
161.Percentage of cover for political risk prior to SPOC
162.Percentage of cover for commercial risk prior to SPOC
163.Type of cover provided after SPOC
164.Percentage of cover for political risk after SPOC
165.Percentage of cover for commercial risk after SPOC
166.Length of the construction period
167.Length of construction period units
– 183.Confirmation (and explanation as necessary) that the transaction meets the criteria listed in Appendix I of Annex VI
184.Total debt syndication amount for the project, including official and private lenders
185.Total debt syndication currency
186.Percentage of debt syndication from Participants to the Arrangement
187.Percentage of the debt syndication from private lenders
188.Minority partner in loan syndication?
189.Comments (regarding item 195)
190.Premium rate meets market criteria?
191.Comments (regarding item 197)
192.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II.h.
193.Total amount of trade-related aid, SDR scale
194.Composition of trade-related aid package: share of non-concessional export credits in conformity with the Arrangement
195.Composition of trade-related aid package: share of other funds at or near market rates
196.Composition of trade-related aid package: share of other official funds with a concessionality level of less than the minimum permitted under Article 35 except in cases of matching
197.Composition of trade-related aid package: share of down payment from the purchaser
198.Composition of trade-related aid package: share of payments on or before the starting point of credit that are not considered
199.Composition of trade-related aid package: share of grants
200.Composition of trade-related aid package: share of concessional credits
201.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: grace period
202.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: length of repayment period
203.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: repayment frequency
204.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: repayment profile
205.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: currency
206.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: interest rate
207.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: applicable DDR
208.Terms and conditions of concessional credits: concessionality level
209.Overall concessionality level of the trade-related aid package
210.Comments, notes and/or explanations regarding the information provided in Section II. k)
ANNEX VIII
CALCULATION OF THE MINIMUM PREMIUM RATES FOR COUNTRY RISK CATEGORY 1–7 TRANSACTIONS
MPR Formula
The formula for calculating the applicable MPR for an export credit involving an obligor/guarantor in a country classified in Country Risk Categories 1–7 is:
MPR = {[(ai * HOR + bi) * max (PCC, PCP)/0,95] * (1-LCF) + [cin * PCC/0,95 * HOR * (1-CEF)]} * QPFi * PCFi * BTSF
where:
— ai= country risk coefficient in country risk category i (i = 1–7)
— cin= buyer risk coefficient for buyer category n (n = SOV+, SOV/CCO, CC1-CC5) in country risk category i (i = 1–7)
— bi= constant for country category risk category i (i = 1–7)
— HOR= horizon of risk
— PCC= commercial (buyer) risk percentage of cover
— PCP= political (country) risk percentage of cover
— CEF= credit enhancements factor
— QPFi= quality of product factor in country risk category i (i = 1–7)
— PCFi= percentage of cover factor in country risk category i (i = 1–7)
— BTSF= better than sovereign factor
— LCF= local currency factor
Applicable Country Risk Classification
The applicable country risk classification is determined according to Article 23 e) of the Arrangement, which in turn determines the country risk coefficient (ai) and constant (bi) that are obtained from the following table:
| | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | a | 0,090 | 0,200 | 0,350 | 0,550 | 0,740 | 0,900 | 1,100 | | b | 0,350 | 0,350 | 0,350 | 0,350 | 0,750 | 1,200 | 1,800 |
Selection of the Appropriate Buyer Risk Category
The appropriate buyer risk category is selected from the following table, which provides the combinations of country and buyer risk categories that have been established and the agreed concordance between buyer risk categories CC1–CC5 and the classifications of accredited CRAs. Qualitative descriptions of each buyer risk category (SOV+ to CC5) have been established to facilitate the classification of obligors (and guarantors) and are provided in Annex XII.
| Country Risk Category | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
| SOV+ | SOV+ | SOV+ | SOV+ | SOV+ | SOV+ | SOV+ |
| SOV/CC0 | SOV/CC0 | SOV/CC0 | SOV/CC0 | SOV/CC0 | SOV/CC0 | SOV/CC0 |
| CC1 AAA to AA- | CC1 A+ to A- | CC1 BBB+ to BBB- | CC1 BB+ to BB | CC1 BB- | CC1 B+ | CC1 B |
| CC2 A+ to A- | CC2 BBB+ to BBB- | CC2 BB+ to BB | CC2 BB- | CC2 B+ | CC2 B | CC2 B- or worse |
| CC3 BBB+ to BBB- | CC3 BB+ to BB | CC3 BB- | CC3 B+ | CC3 B | CC3 B- or worse | |
| CC4 BB+ to BB | CC4 BB- | CC4 B+ | CC4 B | CC4 B- or worse | ||
| CC5 BB- or worse | CC5 B+ or worse | CC5 B or worse | CC5 B- or worse |
The selected buyer risk category, in combination with the applicable country risk category determines the buyer risk coefficient (cin) that is obtained from the following table:
| Buyer Risk Category | Country Risk Category | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | | | SOV+ | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | | SOV/CC0 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | 0,000 | | CC1 | 0,110 | 0,120 | 0,110 | 0,100 | 0,100 | 0,100 | 0,125 | | CC2 | 0,200 | 0,212 | 0,223 | 0,234 | 0,246 | 0,258 | 0,271 | | CC3 | 0,270 | 0,320 | 0,320 | 0,350 | 0,380 | 0,480 | n/a | | CC4 | 0,405 | 0,459 | 0,495 | 0,540 | 0,621 | n/a | n/a | | CC5 | 0,630 | 0,675 | 0,720 | 0,810 | n/a | n/a | n/a |
Horizon of Risk (HOR)
The Horizon of Risk (HOR) is calculated as follows:
Percentage of Cover for Commercial (Buyer) Risk (PCC) and Political (Country) Risk (PCP)
The Percentages of Cover (PCC and PCP) expressed as a decimal value (i.e. 95 % is expressed as 0,95) in the MPR formula.
Buyer Risk Credit Enhancements
The value of the credit enhancement factor (CEF) is 0 for any transaction that is not subject to any buyer risk credit enhancements. The value of the CEF for transactions that are subject to buyer risk credit enhancements is determined according to Annex XII, subject to the restrictions set out in Article 29 c) of the Arrangement and may not exceed 0,35.
Quality of Product Factor (QPF)
The QPF is obtained from the following table:
| Product Quality | Country Risk Category | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | | | Below Standard | 0,9965 | 0,9935 | 0,9850 | 0,9825 | 0,9825 | 0,9800 | 0,9800 | | Standard | 1,0000 | 1,0000 | 1,0000 | 1,0000 | 1,0000 | 1,0000 | 1,0000 | | Above Standard | 1,0035 | 1,0065 | 1,0150 | 1,0175 | 1,0175 | 1,0200 | 1,0200 |
Percentage of Cover Factor (PCF)
The PCF is determined as follows:
The percentage of cover coefficient is obtained from the following table:
| | Country Risk Category | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | | | Percentage of cover coefficient | 0,00000 | 0,00337 | 0,00489 | 0,01639 | 0,03657 | 0,05878 | 0,08598 |
Better than Sovereign Factor (BTSF)
When an obligor is classified in the “better than sovereign” (SOV+) buyer risk category, BTSF = 0,9, otherwise BTSF = 1.
Local Currency Factor (LCF)
For transaction making use of local currency country risk mitigation, the value of the LCF may not exceed 0,2. The value of the LCF for all other transactions is 0.
ANNEX IX
PREMIUM BENCHMARKS FOR MARKET BENCHMARK TRANSACTIONS
Un-covered Tranche of Export Credits or the non-ECA Covered Part of a Syndicated Loan
The price indicated by private banks/institutions with respect to the uncovered tranche of the export credit in question (or sometimes as the non-ECA covered part of a syndicated loan) may represent the best match to ECA cover. Pricing on such un-covered portions or non-covered parts should only be used if provided on commercial terms (e.g. this would exclude IFI funded portions).
Name-Specific Corporate Bonds
Corporate bonds reflect name specific credit risk. Care should be used in matching in terms of the ECA contract characteristics, such as term of maturity, and currency denomination, and any credit enhancements. If primary corporate bonds (i.e. all-in yield upon issuance) or secondary corporate bonds (i.e. the option adjusted spread over the appropriate curve, which is usually the relevant currency swap curve) are used, those for the obligor should be used in the first instance; if not available, primary or secondary corporate bonds from Related Entities may be used.
Name-Specific Credit Default Swaps
Credit Default Swaps (CDS) are a form of protection against default. The CDS spread is the amount paid per period by the buyer of the CDS as a percentage of notional principal, and is usually expressed in basis points. The CDS buyer effectively buys insurance against default by making payments to the seller of the CDS for the life of the swap, or until the credit event occurs. A CDS curve for the obligor should be used in the first instance; if not available, CDs curves from Related Entities may be used.
Loan Benchmarks
Primary loan benchmarks (i.e. pricing upon issuance) or secondary loan benchmarks (i.e. the current yield on the loan expected by the financial institution purchasing the loan from another financial institution). All fees must be known for primary loan benchmarks so that the all-in yield can be calculated. If loan benchmarks are used, those for the obligor should be used in the first instance; if not available, those from similar entities may be used.
Benchmark Market Curves
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