Regulation (EU) 2023/1804 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 September 2023 on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, and repealing Directive 2014/94/EU (Text with EEA relevance)

Type Regulation
Publication 2023-09-22
Last updated 2026-01-08
State In force
Department Council of the European Union, European Parliament
Source EUR-Lex
articles 26
Reform history JSON API

Where such technical specifications refer to a graphical expression, including a colour coding scheme, the graphical expression shall be simple and easy to understand.

That graphical expression shall be placed in a clearly visible manner:

  • (a) by refuelling point operators, on corresponding pumps and their nozzles at all refuelling points operated by them, from the date on which fuels are placed on the market;
  • (b) by manufacturer, in the immediate proximity of all fuel tanks’ filling caps of motor vehicles recommended for and compatible with that fuel and in motor vehicle manuals, when such motor vehicles are placed on the market.
3.

When fuel prices are shown at a refuelling station, Member States shall ensure that a comparison of the relevant unit prices is shown, where appropriate, and in particular for hydrogen, for information purposes following the common methodology for alternative fuels unit price comparison referred to in point 10.3 of Annex II.

4.

In situations where European standards setting the technical specifications of a fuel do not include labelling requirements to indicate compliance with the standards concerned, where the labelling requirements do not refer to a graphical expression, including colour coding schemes, or where the labelling requirements are not suitable for achieving the objectives of this Regulation, the Commission may, for the purposes of the uniform implementation of paragraphs 1 and 2, mandate the European standardisation organisations to develop compatibility labelling specifications.

On the basis of the compatibility labelling specifications developed by the European standardisation organisations pursuant to the mandate referred to in the first subparagraph, the Commission shall adopt implementing acts determining the graphical expression, including a colour coding scheme, of compatibility for fuels introduced in the Union market which reach the level of 1 % of the total volume of sales, in the assessment of the Commission, in more than one Member State.

Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 23(2).

5.

Where provisions on labelling of the respective European standards are updated or new European standards for alternative fuels are developed, the corresponding requirements on labelling shall apply to all recharging and refuelling points no later than 24 months after the corresponding implementing act is adopted and to all motor vehicles placed on the market from the date that the corresponding implementing act enters into force.

Article 20

Data provisions

1.

Member States shall appoint an Identification Registration Organisation (‘IDRO’). The IDRO shall issue and manage unique identification (‘ID’) codes to identify at least operators of recharging points and mobility service providers, by 14 April 2025.

2.

By 14 April 2025, operators of publicly accessible recharging points and refuelling points for alternative fuels, or, in accordance with the arrangements between them, the owners of those points, shall ensure the availability of static data and dynamic data concerning alternative fuels infrastructure operated by them, or services inherently linked to such infrastructure that they provide or they outsource, at no cost. The following data types shall be made available:

  • (a) Static data for publicly accessible recharging and refuelling infrastructure for alternative fuels operated by them:
  • (i) Legal name of the recharging or refuelling point operator or owner,
  • (ii) Commercial name of the recharging or refuelling point operator or owner,
  • (iii) Number of recharging or refuelling points,
  • (iv) Service support,
  • (v) Helpdesk telephone,
  • (vi) Facilities offering associated services to the user,
  • (vii) Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) geographic location information,
  • (viii) Additional geographic location information,
  • (ix) Country,
  • (x) Region,
  • (xi) City or town,
  • (xii) Postal code,
  • (xiii) Address name,
  • (xiv) Opening time,
  • (xv) Time zone,
  • (xvi) Vehicle-type compatibility,
  • (xvii) Vehicle specifications permitted,
  • (xviii) Number of parking spaces,
  • (xix) Number of parking spaces for people with disabilities,
  • (xx) Payment device with bank card reader,
  • (xxi) Payment device with a contactless functionality that is at least able to read payment cards,
  • (xxii) Other ad hoc payment option,
  • (xxiii) Additional information about payment providers accepted,
  • (xxiv) Contract-based (subscription) payment option;
  • (b) Further static data for publicly accessible recharging infrastructure operated by them:
  • (i) Recharging point ID code (connector),
  • (ii) Number of connectors,
  • (iii) Type of connector (plug),
  • (iv) Type of current,
  • (v) Recharging station maximum power,
  • (vi) Recharging point maximum power,
  • (vii) Mobility service providers offering contract-based recharging,
  • (viii) Plug-and-charge,
  • (ix) Smart recharging services,
  • (x) Electricity supplied is 100 % renewable;
  • (c) Further static data for publicly accessible hydrogen refuelling infrastructure operated by them:
  • (i) Hydrogen state,
  • (ii) Hydrogen pressure,
  • (iii) Daily cumulative capacity,
  • (iv) Hydrogen supplied is 100 % renewable;
  • (d) Further static data for publicly accessible refuelling infrastructure for liquified methane:
  • (i) Liquified methane supplied is 100 % renewable;
  • (e) Further static data for publicly accessible refuelling infrastructure for alternative fuels operated by them:
  • (i) Type of connector (dispenser);
  • (f) Dynamic data for publicly accessible recharging and refuelling infrastructure for alternative fuels operated by them:
  • (i) Operational status,
  • (ii) Availability,
  • (iii) Ad hoc price;
  • (g) Further dynamic data for publicly accessible hydrogen refuelling infrastructure operated by them:
  • (i) Limited amount of hydrogen available
3.

Each operator of publicly accessible recharging and refuelling points for alternative fuels, or, in accordance with the arrangements between them, the owner of those points, shall set up an Application Programme Interface (API) that provides free and unrestricted access to the data referred to in paragraph 2, and shall submit information on that API to the national access points.

The API of each operator of recharging and refuelling points, or, in accordance with the arrangements between them, the API of the owner of those points, shall comply with common technical requirements established by the Commission in the delegated acts referred to in paragraph 6 to enable an automated and uniform data exchange between the operators of publicly accessible recharging and refuelling points and data users.

4.

By 31 December 2024, Member States shall ensure that the data referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article are made accessible on an open and non-discriminatory basis to all data users through their national access points in accordance with the relevant provisions related to such data in Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/670 and in compliance with the additional complementary specifications that may be adopted in accordance with paragraph 7 of this Article. Where Member States aggregate data under their national access points, they may provide those data to a common European access point by means of an API.

5.

By 31 December 2026, the Commission shall establish a common European access point to function as a data gateway facilitating the access to the data referred to in paragraph 2 from the different national access points. The Commission shall ensure that the common European access point is easily accessible and can be used by all data users, for example through the creation of a dedicated web portal.

6.

The Commission shall be empowered to adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 22 to:

  • (a) amend paragraph 2 of this Article to include additional data types concerning publicly accessible recharging points and refuelling points for alternative fuels or services inherently linked to such infrastructure that the operators of that infrastructure provide or outsource in view of technological developments or new services made available on the market; and
  • (b) supplement this Regulation by laying down common technical requirements for a common application programme interface to enable an automated and uniform data exchange between the operators of publicly accessible recharging points and refuelling points for alternative fuels and data users.
7.

The Commission may adopt implementing acts laying down:

  • (a) specifications that are complementary to those set out in Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/670, related to the data format, frequency and quality in which the data referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article and in the delegated acts adopted on the basis of paragraph 6 of this Article shall be made available;
  • (b) detailed procedures enabling the availability and accessibility of data required pursuant to this Article.

Those implementing acts shall be adopted in accordance with the examination procedure referred to in Article 23(2).

Those implementing acts shall be without prejudice to Directive 2010/40/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council ([^E0007]) and the delegated and implementing acts adopted on the basis thereof.

8.

The delegated and implementing acts referred to in paragraphs 6 and 7 shall provide for reasonable transitional periods before the provisions contained therein, or amendments thereof, become binding on the operators or owners of recharging points and refuelling points for alternative fuels.

Article 21

Common technical specifications

1.

The technical specifications set out in Annex II shall apply.

2.

In accordance with Article 10 of Regulation (EU) No 1025/2012, the Commission may request European standardisation organisations to draft European standards setting technical specifications for areas referred to in Annex II to this Regulation for which no common technical specifications have been adopted by the Commission.

3.

The Commission shall adopt delegated acts in accordance with Article 22 to:

  • (a) amend Annex II by introducing technical specifications for the areas listed in that Annex to enable full technical interoperability of the recharging and refuelling infrastructure in terms of physical connections, communication exchanges and access for persons with reduced mobility to those areas; and
  • (b) without undue delay and at the latest 12 months after the adoption of the relevant standards, amend Annex II by updating the references to the standards referred to in the technical specifications set out in that Annex.
4.

Where delegated acts referred to in paragraph 3 are to apply to existing infrastructures, those delegated acts shall be based on a cost-benefit analysis to be submitted to the European Parliament and the Council together with those delegated acts.

5.

Where European standards setting the technical specifications of a fuel are developed after the adoption by the Commission of an implementing act referred to in Article 19(4), second subparagraph, and they include provisions requiring labelling to indicate compliance with the standards concerned and refer to a graphical expression, including colour coding schemes, the amendments of Annex II adopted by the delegated acts referred to in paragraph 3 of this Article shall include an indication of which of those standards or implementing acts are to apply and, where appropriate, repeal the relevant implementing acts.

6.

The amendments of Annex II adopted by the delegated acts referred to in paragraph 3 shall include reasonable transitional periods for any technical specifications that those delegated acts introduce or amend, during which they shall not be binding in respect of the infrastructure concerned.

Article 22

Exercise of the delegation

1.

The power to adopt delegated acts is conferred on the Commission subject to the conditions laid down in this Article.

2.

The power to adopt delegated acts referred to in Articles 20 and 21 shall be conferred on the Commission for a period of five years from 13 April 2024. The Commission shall draw up a report in respect of the delegation of power not later than nine months before the end of the five-year period. The delegation of power shall be tacitly extended for periods of an identical duration, unless the European Parliament or the Council opposes such extension not later than three months before the end of each period.

3.

The delegation of power referred in Articles 20 and 21 may be revoked at any time by the European Parliament or by the Council. A decision to revoke shall put an end to the delegation of the power specified in that decision. It shall take effect the day following the publication of the decision in the Official Journal of the European Union or at a later date specified therein. It shall not affect the validity of any delegated acts already in force.

4.

Before adopting a delegated act, the Commission shall consult experts designated by each Member State in accordance with the principles laid down in the Interinstitutional Agreement of 13 April 2016 on Better Law-Making.

5.

As soon as it adopts a delegated act, the Commission shall notify it simultaneously to the European Parliament and to the Council.

6.

A delegated act adopted pursuant to Articles 20 and 21 shall enter into force only if no objection has been expressed either by the European Parliament or the Council within a period of two months of notification of that act to the European Parliament and the Council or if, before the expiry of that period, the European Parliament and the Council have both informed the Commission that they will not object. That period shall be extended by three months at the initiative of the European Parliament or of the Council.

Article 23

Committee procedure

1.

The Commission shall be assisted by a committee. That committee shall be a committee within the meaning of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011.

2.

Where reference is made to this paragraph, Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.

Where the committee delivers no opinion, the Commission shall not adopt the draft implementing act and of Article 5(4), third subparagraph, of Regulation (EU) No 182/2011 shall apply.

Article 24

Reporting and review

1.

By 31 December 2024, the Commission shall submit to the European Parliament and to the Council a technology and market-readiness report dedicated to heavy-duty vehicles. That report shall take into account the initial indications of the preferences of the market. It shall also consider technological developments and the development of the technical specifications achieved by that date and developments expected in the short term, in particular regarding recharging and refuelling standards and technologies, such as high-power recharging standards and electric road systems, and the use of liquid hydrogen.

Regarding hydrogen refuelling stations, the Commission shall further assess the requirements referred to in Article 6 in light of the technological and market developments, the need to specify a higher capacity for those stations, the need to specify targets for liquid hydrogen refuelling infrastructure, as well as the date for the extension of the requirements for the deployment of hydrogen refuelling stations to the TEN-T comprehensive network.

2.

By 31 December 2026 and every five years thereafter, the Commission shall review this Regulation.

In its review, the Commission shall assess, in particular, the following elements:

  • (a) whether the traffic thresholds referred to in Article 3(6) and (7), in Article 4(4) and (5) and in Article 6(4) are still relevant in view of the expected increase of the share of hydrogen-powered vehicles or battery electric vehicles compared to the total fleet of vehicles circulating in the Union;
  • (b) whether the electronic means of payment referred to in Article 5(1) are still appropriate;
  • (c) the functioning of the pricing mechanism for publicly accessible recharging stations and whether the pricing components laid down in Article 5(4), provide consumers with clear and sufficient information;
  • (d) a possible decrease of the gross tonnage threshold, laid down in Article 9, as well as a possible extension of the scope of this Regulation to other ship types following relevant adjustments in other relevant Union legal acts;
  • (e) the current state and future development of the market for hydrogen and electric propulsion aviation;
  • (f) the effects of this Regulation as regards the potential and the magnitude of carbon leakage.

As part of this review, the Commission shall also assess the extent to which the implementation of this Regulation has met its objectives and the extent to which it has impacted the competitiveness of the relevant sectors covered by it. That review shall also cover the interaction of this Regulation with other relevant Union legal acts and shall identify any provisions that could be updated and simplified, as well as actions and measures that have been or could be taken to reduce the total cost pressure on relevant sectors. As part of the Commission’s analysis of the efficiency of this Regulation, the review shall also include an assessment of the burden this Regulation imposes on businesses.

3.

The Commission shall consider, if appropriate, whether to accompany that review with a proposal to amend this Regulation, in view of the outcome of the assessment referred to in paragraph 2.

Article 25

Repeal

1.

Directive 2014/94/EU and Delegated Regulations (EU) 2019/1745 and (EU) 2021/1444 are repealed with effect from 13 April 2024.

2.

References to Directive 2014/94/EU shall be construed as references to this Regulation and shall be read in accordance with the correlation table in Annex IV.

Article 26

Entry into force and application

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

It shall apply from 13 April 2024.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

ANNEX I

Reporting

The national progress report referred to in Article 15(1) shall include at least the following elements:

    1. target setting
  • (a) vehicle uptake projections for 31 December of the years 2025, 2030 and 2035 for:
  • — light-duty vehicles, separately for battery electric light-duty vehicles, plug-in hybrid light-duty vehicles and hydrogen-powered light-duty vehicles;
  • — heavy-duty vehicles, separately for battery electric heavy-duty vehicles and hydrogen-powered heavy-duty vehicles;
  • (b) targets for 31 December of the years 2025, 2027, 2030 and 2035 for:
  • — recharging infrastructure dedicated to light-duty electric vehicles: number of recharging stations and power output (classification of recharging stations in accordance with Annex III);
  • — development of recharging stations for light-duty electric vehicles not accessible to the public, if applicable;
  • — recharging infrastructure dedicated to heavy-duty electric vehicles: number of recharging stations and power output;
  • — development of recharging stations for heavy-duty electric vehicles not accessible to the public, if applicable;
  • — hydrogen refuelling stations: number of refuelling stations, capacity of the refuelling stations and connector provided;
  • — road refuelling stations for liquefied methane: number of refuelling stations and capacity of stations;
  • — refuelling points for liquefied methane in maritime ports of the TEN-T core network and TEN-T comprehensive network, including location (port) and capacity per port;
  • — shore-side electricity supply in maritime ports of the TEN-T core network and TEN-T comprehensive network, including exact location (port) and capacity of each installation within the port;
  • — shore-side electricity supply in inland waterway ports of the TEN-T core network and TEN-T comprehensive network including location (port) and capacity;
  • — electricity supply for stationary aircraft, number of installations per airport of the TEN-T core network or airport of the TEN-T comprehensive network;
  • — other national targets and objectives for which no Union-wide mandatory national targets exist, if applicable. For alternative fuels infrastructure in ports, airports and for rail the location and capacity/size of the installation has to be reported;
    1. utilisation rates: for the categories under point 1(b), reporting the utilisation of that infrastructure;
    1. the level of achievement of the national targets reported for the deployment of alternative fuels in the different transport modes (road, rail, water and air):
  • — level of achievement of the infrastructure deployment targets as referred to in point 1(b) for all applicable transport modes, in particular for recharging stations, electric road system (if applicable), hydrogen refuelling stations, shore-side electricity supply in maritime ports and inland waterway ports, liquefied methane bunkering in TEN-T core maritime ports, other alternative fuels infrastructure in ports, electricity supply to stationary aircrafts;
  • — for recharging points, specifying the ratio of public to private infrastructure;
  • — deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure within urban nodes;
    1. the review of the cases in which the Member States have made use of the derogations laid down in Article 3, paragraphs (6), (7) and (8), Article 4, paragraphs (6), (7) and (8) and Article 6, paragraph (4);
    1. legal measures: information on legal measures, which may consist of legislative, regulatory or administrative measures to support the build-up of alternative fuels infrastructure, such as building permits, parking place permits, certification of the environmental performance of businesses and recharging and refuelling stations concessions;
    1. information on the policy measures supporting the implementation of the national policy framework, including:
  • — direct incentives for the purchase of means of transport that use alternative fuels or for building the infrastructure;
  • — availability of tax incentives to promote means of transport that use alternative fuels and the relevant infrastructure;
  • — use of public procurement in support of alternative fuels, including joint procurement;
  • — demand-side non-financial incentives, for example preferential access to restricted areas, parking policy and dedicated lanes;
    1. public deployment and manufacturing support, including:
  • — annual public budget allocated for the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure, broken down by alternative fuel and by transport mode (road, rail, water and air);
  • — annual public budget allocated to support manufacturing plants for alternative fuel technologies, broken down by alternative fuel;
  • — consideration of any particular needs during the initial phase of the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure;
    1. research, technological development and demonstration (RTD&D): annual public budget allocated to support alternative fuels RTD&D.

ANNEX II

Technical specifications

  • 0.Definitions:
  • For the purpose of this Annex, the following definitions apply:
  • (a) ‘installed’ means the initial placement of all relevant recharging point equipment, including hardware, software and associated electrical infrastructure, such as electricity supply connections, transformers, and other electrical systems, to enable the recharging of electric vehicles;
  • (b) ‘renovated’ means a major or complete replacement of relevant recharging point equipment.
  • 1.1.Normal-power recharging points for light-duty electric vehicles:
  • — alternating current (AC) normal-power recharging points for light-duty electric vehicles installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with socket-outlets or vehicle connectors of Type 2 for Mode 3 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-2:2022 or, if their power is less than or equal to 3,7 kW and their primary purpose is the recharging of electric vehicles in Mode 2, with socket-outlets compliant with standard IEC 60884-1:2022; alternating current (AC) normal-power recharging points installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-2:2017 until they are renovated;
  • — direct current (DC) normal-power recharging points for light-duty electric vehicles installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with vehicle connectors of the combined charging system ‘Combo 2’ for Mode 4 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-3:2022; direct current (DC) normal-power recharging points installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-3:2014 until they are renovated.
  • 1.2.High-power recharging points for light-duty electric vehicles:
  • — alternating current (AC) high-power recharging points for light-duty electric vehicles installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with vehicle connectors of Type 2 for Mode 3 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-2:2022; alternating current (AC) high-power recharging points installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-2:2017 until they are renovated;
  • — direct current (DC) high-power recharging points for light-duty electric vehicles installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with vehicle connectors of the combined charging system ‘Combo 2’ for Mode 4 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-3:2022; direct current (DC) high-power recharging points installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-3:2014 until they are renovated.
  • 1.3.Recharging points for L-category electric vehicles:
  • 1.3.1.The publicly accessible alternating current (AC) recharging points reserved for L-category electric vehicles with a power output less than or equal to 3,7 kW shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, with at least one of the following:
  • (a) socket-outlets or vehicle connectors of Type 3A as described in standard EN IEC 62196-2:2022 (for Mode 3 recharging);
  • (b) socket-outlets compliant with standard IEC 60884-1:2022 (for Mode 1 or Mode 2 recharging).
  • 1.3.2.The publicly accessible alternating current (AC) recharging points reserved for L-category electric vehicles above 3,7 kW installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with socket-outlets or vehicle connectors of Type 2 for Mode 3 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-2:2022; publicly accessible alternating current (AC) recharging points reserved for L-category electric vehicles above 3,7 kW installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-2:2017 until they are renovated.
  • 1.3.3.The publicly accessible direct current (DC) normal-power recharging points and high-power recharging points reserved for L-category electric vehicles installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with vehicle connectors of the combined charging system ‘Combo 2’ for Mode 4 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-3:2022; publicly accessible direct current (DC) normal-power recharging points and high-power recharging points installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-3:2014 until they are renovated.
  • 1.4.Normal power recharging points and high-power recharging points for electric buses:
  • — alternating current (AC) normal-power recharging points and high-power recharging points for electric buses that are installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with connectors of Type 2 for Mode 3 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-2:2022; alternating current (AC) normal-power recharging points and high-power recharging points installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-2:2017 until they are renovated;
  • — direct current (DC) normal-power recharging points and high-power recharging points for electric buses that are installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with vehicle connectors of the combined charging system ‘Combo 2’ for Mode 4 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-3:2022; direct current (DC) normal-power recharging points and high-power recharging points installed before that date shall continue to comply with standard EN IEC 62196-3:2014 until they are renovated.
  • 1.5.Contact interface automated device for electric buses on conductive recharging in mode 4, in accordance with standard EN 61851-23-1:2020, shall be equipped at least with mechanical and electrical interfaces, as defined in the standard EN 50696:2021, concerning:
  • — automated connection device (ACD) mounted on the infrastructure (pantograph);
  • — automated connection device (ACD) mounted on the roof of the vehicle;
  • — automated connection device (ACD) mounted underneath the vehicle;
  • — automated connection device (ACD) mounted on the infrastructure and connecting to the side or on the roof of the vehicle.
  • 1.6.High-power recharging points for heavy-duty electric vehicles:
  • — Direct current (DC) high-power recharging points for recharging infrastructure capable of supplying electricity to both light- and heavy-duty electric vehicles shall be equipped, for interoperability purposes, at least with vehicle connectors of the combined charging system ‘Combo 2’ for Mode 4 recharging as described in standard EN IEC 62196-3:2022.
  • 1.7.Technical specifications for inductive static wireless recharging for light-duty electric vehicles:
  • Recharging points for light-duty electric vehicles dedicated to inductive static wireless recharging shall comply, for interoperability purposes, with:
  • — EN IEC 61980-1:2021 ‘Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems – Part 1: General requirements’;
  • — EN IEC 61980-2:2023 ‘Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems – Part 2: Specific requirements for magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) system communication and activities’;
  • — EN IEC 61980-3:2022 ‘Electric vehicle wireless power transfer (WPT) systems – Part 3: Specific requirements for magnetic field wireless power transfer (MF-WPT) systems’.
  • 1.8.Technical specifications for inductive static wireless recharging for heavy-duty electric vehicles.
  • 1.9.Technical specifications for inductive dynamic wireless recharging for passenger cars and light-duty electric vehicles.
  • 1.10.Technical specifications for inductive dynamic wireless recharging for heavy-duty-electric vehicles.
  • 1.11.Technical specifications for inductive static wireless recharging for electric buses.
  • 1.12.Technical specifications for inductive dynamic wireless recharging for electric buses.
  • 1.13.Technical specifications for electric road system for dynamic overhead power supply via a pantograph for heavy-duty electric vehicles.
  • 1.14.Technical specifications for electric road system (ERS) for dynamic ground-level power supply through conductive rails for light- and heavy-duty electric vehicles:
  • Recharging infrastructure for alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) dedicated to electric road system (ERS) for dynamic ground-level power supply through conductive rails for light- and heavy-duty electric vehicles equipped with ground level current collector devices, to enable conductive current collection by road vehicles from a feeding track integrated in the roadway shall comply, for interoperability purposes, with:
  • — CLC/TS 50717:2022 ‘Technical requirements for current collectors for ground-level feeding system on road vehicles in operation’.
  • 1.15.Technical specifications for battery swapping for L-category electric vehicles.
  • 1.16.If technically feasible, technical specifications for battery swapping for passenger electric cars and light-duty electric vehicles.
  • 1.17.If technically feasible, technical specifications for battery swapping for heavy-duty electric vehicles.
  • 1.18.Technical specifications for recharging stations to ensure access to users with disabilities.
  • 2.Technical specifications for communication exchange in the electric vehicle recharging sector
  • 2.1.Technical specifications regarding communication between the electric vehicle and the recharging point (vehicle-to-grid communication):
  • 2.1.1.The publicly accessible recharging points for alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) for light- and heavy-duty electric vehicles installed or renovated from 8 January 2026 shall comply, for interoperability purposes, at least with the following standards:
  • — EN ISO 15118-1:2019 ‘Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication interface Part 1: General information and use-case definition’;
  • — EN ISO 15118-2:2016 ‘Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication Interface Part 2: Network and application protocol requirements’;
  • — EN ISO 15118-3:2016 ‘Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication interface Part 3: Physical and data link layer requirements’;
  • — EN ISO 15118-4:2019 ‘Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication interface Part 4: Network and application protocol conformance test’;
  • — EN ISO 15118-5:2019 ‘Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication interface – Part 5: Physical layer and data link layer conformance test’.
  • 2.1.2.Publicly accessible recharging points for alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) for light- and heavy-duty electric vehicles installed or renovated from 1 January 2027 shall comply, for interoperability purposes, at least with standard EN ISO 15118-20:2022 ‘Road vehicles – Vehicle-to-grid communication interface – Part 20: 2nd generation network layer and application layer requirements’. Where such recharging points offer automatic authentication and authorisation services, such as plug-and-charge, they shall comply, for interoperability and security purposes, with both standard EN ISO 15118-2:2016 and standard EN ISO 15118-20:2022.
  • 2.1.3.Private recharging points for alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC) electric light- and heavy-duty electric vehicles installed or renovated from 1 January 2027 shall comply, for interoperability purposes, at least with the following standards:
  • (a) EN IEC 61851-1:2019 ‘Electric vehicle conductive charging system – Part 1: General requirements’ (for Mode 2 recharging);
  • (b) EN ISO 15118-20:2022 ‘Road vehicles – Vehicle to grid communication interface – Part 20: 2nd generation network layer and application layer requirements’ (for Mode 3 or Mode 4 recharging).
  • 2.2.Technical specifications regarding communication between the recharging point and the recharging point management system (back-end communication).
  • 2.3.Technical specifications regarding communication between the recharging point operator, electromobility service providers and e-roaming platforms.
  • 2.4.Technical specifications regarding communication between the recharging point operator and the distributed system operators.
  • 3.Technical specifications for hydrogen supply for road transport vehicles
  • 3.1.Technical specifications for connectors for refuelling points dispensing gaseous (compressed) hydrogen for light-duty vehicles shall comply, for interoperability purposes, at least with the interoperability requirements described in standard EN 17127:2024.
  • 3.2.The quality characteristics of hydrogen dispensed by hydrogen refuelling points for motor vehicles shall comply with the requirements described in standard EN 17124:2022. The methods to ensure that the hydrogen quality is met are also described in the standard.
  • 3.3. The hydrogen refuelling algorithm shall comply with the requirements of standard EN 17127:2024.
  • 3.4.Once the process of certification of standard EN ISO 17268:2020 is concluded, connectors for motor vehicles for the refuelling of gaseous hydrogen shall comply at least with that standard.
  • 3.5.Technical specifications for connectors for refuelling points dispensing gaseous (compressed) hydrogen for heavy-duty vehicles shall comply, for interoperability purposes, at least with the requirements described in standard EN 17127:2024.
  • 3.6.Technical specifications for connectors for refuelling points dispensing liquefied hydrogen for heavy-duty vehicles.
  • 4.Technical specifications for methane for road transport
  • 4.1.Refuelling points for compressed natural gas (CNG) for motor vehicles shall comply with a fuelling pressure (service pressure) of 20,0 MPa gauge (200 bar) at 15 °C. A maximum fuelling pressure of 26,0 MPa with ‘temperature compensation’ is permitted in accordance with standard EN ISO 16923:2018.
  • 4.2.The connector profile shall comply with Regulation No 110 of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations referring to parts I and II in standard EN ISO 14469:2017.
  • 4.3.Refuelling points for liquefied methane for motor vehicles shall comply with a fuelling pressure lower than the maximum allowable working pressure of the vehicle tank as addressed in standard EN ISO 16924:2018, ‘Natural gas fuelling stations – LNG stations for fuelling vehicles’. In addition, the connector profile shall comply with standard EN ISO 12617:2017 ‘Road vehicles – Liquefied natural gas (LNG) refuelling connector –3,1 MPa connector’.
  • 5.Technical specifications for electricity supply for maritime transport and inland navigation
  • 5.1.Shore-side electricity supply for seagoing ships, including the design, installation and testing of the systems, shall comply at least with the technical specifications of standard IEC/IEEE 80005-1:2019/AMD1:2022 for high-voltage shore connections.
  • 5.2.Plugs, socket-outlets and ship couplers for high-voltage shore connection shall comply at least with the technical specification of standard IEC 62613-1:2019.
  • 5.3.Shore-side electricity supply for inland waterway vessels shall comply at least with the standard EN 15869-2:2019 or standard EN 16840:2017 depending on energy requirements.
  • 5.4.Technical specifications for shore-side battery recharging points for maritime vessels, featuring interconnectivity and system interoperability for maritime vessels.
  • 5.5.Technical specifications for shore-side battery recharging points for inland navigation vessels, featuring interconnectivity and system interoperability for inland navigation vessels.
  • 5.6.Technical specifications for vessel-to-port grid communication interfaces in automated on-shore power supply (OPS) and battery recharging systems for maritime vessels.
  • 5.7.Technical specifications for vessel-to-port grid communication interfaces in automated on-shore power supply (OPS) and battery recharging systems for inland navigation vessels.
  • 5.8.If technically feasible, technical specifications for battery swapping and recharging at onshore stations for inland navigation vessels.
  • 6.Technical specifications for hydrogen bunkering for maritime transport and inland navigation
  • 6.1.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for gaseous (compressed) hydrogen for maritime hydrogen-powered vessels.
  • 6.2.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for gaseous (compressed) hydrogen inland navigation hydrogen-powered vessels.
  • 6.3.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for liquefied hydrogen for maritime hydrogen-powered vessels.
  • 6.4.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for liquefied hydrogen inland navigation hydrogen-powered vessels.
  • 7.Technical specifications for methanol bunkering for maritime transport and inland navigation
  • 7.1.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for methanol for maritime methanol-fuelled vessels.
  • 7.2.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for methanol for inland navigation methanol-fuelled vessels.
  • 8.Technical specifications for ammonia bunkering for maritime transport and inland navigation
  • 8.1.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for ammonia for maritime ammonia-fuelled vessels.
  • 8.2.Technical specifications for refuelling points and bunkering for ammonia for inland navigation ammonia-fuelled vessels.
  • 9.Technical specifications for liquefied methane refuelling points for maritime transport and inland navigation
  • 9.1.Refuelling points for liquefied methane for seagoing ships which are not covered by the International Code of the Construction and Equipment of Ships Carrying Liquefied Gases in Bulk (IGC Code) shall comply at least with standard EN ISO 20519:2017.
  • 9.2.Refuelling points for liquefied methane for inland waterway vessels shall comply at least with standard EN ISO 20519:2017 (parts 5.3 to 5.7) for interoperability purposes only.
  • 10.Technical specifications related to fuel labelling
  • 10.1.The ‘Fuels - Identification of vehicle compatibility - Graphical expression for consumer information’ label shall comply with standard EN 16942:2016+A1:2021.
  • 10.2.The ‘Identification of vehicles and infrastructures compatibility - Graphical expression for consumer information on EV power supply’ shall comply at least with standard EN 17186:2019.
  • 10.3.The common methodology for alternative fuels unit price comparison set out by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/732 ([^E0008]).
  • 10.4.Technical specifications for electric recharging stations and hydrogen refuelling facilities for rail transport.

ANNEX III

Reporting requirements on deployment of electric vehicles and publicly accessible recharging infrastructure

  • 1.Member States must categorise their reporting on the deployment of electric vehicles as follows:
  • — battery electric vehicles, separately for categories M1, N1, M2/3 and N2/3
  • — plug-in hybrid vehicles, separately for categories M1, N1, M2/3 and N2/3
  • 2.Member States must categorise their reporting on the deployment of publicly accessible recharging points as follows:
Category Sub-category Maximum power output Definition pursuant to Article 2 of this Regulation
Category 1 (AC) Slow AC recharging point, single-phase P < 7,4 kW Normal-power recharging point
Category 1 (AC) Medium-speed AC recharging point, triple-phase 7,4 kW ≤ P ≤ 22 kW Normal-power recharging point
Category 1 (AC) Fast AC recharging point, triple-phase P > 22 kW High-power recharging point
Category 2 (DC) Slow DC recharging point P < 50 kW High-power recharging point
Category 2 (DC) Fast DC recharging point 50 kW ≤ P < 150 kW High-power recharging point
Category 2 (DC) Level 1 - Ultra-fast DC recharging point 150 kW ≤ P < 350 kW High-power recharging point
Category 2 (DC) Level 2 - Ultra-fast DC recharging point P ≥ 350 kW High-power recharging point
  • 3.The following data must be provided separately for publicly accessible recharging infrastructure dedicated to light-duty vehicles and heavy-duty vehicles:
  • — number of recharging points, to be reported for each of the categories under point 2;
  • — number of recharging stations, to be reported for each of the categories under point 2;
  • — total aggregated power output of the recharging stations.

ANNEX IV

Correlation table

Directive 2014/94/EU This Regulation
Article 1 Article 1
Article 2 Article 2
Article 3 Article 14
Article 4 Articles 3, 4, 5, 9 and 10
Article 5 Article 6
– Article 7
Article 6 Articles 8 and 11
– Article 12
– Article 13
Article 7 Article 19
Article 8 Article 22
Article 9 Article 23
Article 10 Articles 15, 16 and 24
– Article 17
– Article 18
– Article 20
– Article 21
– Article 25
Article 11 –
Article 12 Article 26
Article 13 –
Annex I Annex I
Annex II Annex II
– Annex III

[^E0001]: Regulation (EU) 2018/1139 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 4 July 2018 on common rules in the field of civil aviation and establishing a European Union Aviation Safety Agency, and amending Regulations (EC) No 2111/2005, (EC) No 1008/2008, (EU) No 996/2010, (EU) No 376/2014 and Directives 2014/30/EU and 2014/53/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, and repealing Regulations (EC) No 552/2004 and (EC) No 216/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Regulation (EEC) No 3922/91 (OJ L 212, 22.8.2018, p. 1).

[^E0002]: Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on the approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, amending Regulations (EC) No 715/2007 and (EC) No 595/2009 and repealing Directive 2007/46/EC (OJ L 151, 14.6.2018, p. 1).

[^E0003]: Regulation (EU) 2015/757 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2015 on the monitoring, reporting and verification of greenhouse gas emissions from maritime transport, and amending Directive 2009/16/EC (OJ L 123, 19.5.2015, p. 55).

[^E0004]: Directive (EU) 2015/2366 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 November 2015 on payment services in the internal market, amending Directives 2002/65/EC, 2009/110/EC and 2013/36/EU and Regulation (EU) No 1093/2010, and repealing Directive 2007/64/EC (OJ L 337, 23.12.2015, p. 35).

[^E0005]: Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2022/1012 of 7 April 2022 supplementing Regulation (EC) No 561/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council with regard to the establishment of standards detailing the level of service and security of safe and secure parking areas and to the procedures for their certification (OJ L 170, 28.6.2022, p. 27).

[^E0006]: Regulation (EU) 2017/352 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 February 2017 establishing a framework for the provision of port services and common rules on the financial transparency of ports (OJ L 57, 3.3.2017, p. 1).

[^E0007]: Directive 2010/40/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 7 July 2010 on the framework for the deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems in the field of road transport and for interfaces with other modes of transport (OJ L 207, 6.8.2010, p. 1).

[^E0008]: Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/732 of 17 May 2018 on a common methodology for alternative fuels unit price comparison in accordance with Directive 2014/94/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 123, 18.5.2018, p. 85).

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