Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/854 of 7 May 2025 concerning a coordinated multiannual control programme of the Union for 2026, 2027 and 2028 to ensure compliance with maximum residue levels of pesticides and to assess the consumer exposure to pesticide residues in and on food of plant and animal origin and repealing Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/989

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 396/2005 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 February 2005 on maximum residue levels of pesticides in or on food and feed of plant and animal origin and amending Council Directive 91/414/EEC (1), and in particular Article 29(2) thereof,

Whereas:

(1) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1213/2008 (2) established the first coordinated multiannual Community control programme, covering the years 2009, 2010 and 2011. That programme has continued under consecutive regulations, of which the latest one is Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/989 (3).

(2) 30 to 40 products constitute the major components of people’s diet in the Union. Since pesticide uses show significant changes over a period of three years, pesticides need to be monitored in those products over a series of three-year cycles to allow the assessment of both consumer exposure and application of Union legislation.

(3) The European Food Safety Authority (‘the Authority’) published a scientific report on the design assessment of the pesticide monitoring programme (4). It concluded that a maximum residue level exceedance rate above 1 % could be estimated with a margin of error of 0,75 % by selecting 683 sample units for a minimum of 32 different products. Collection of those samples should be apportioned among Member States in relation to population figures, with a minimum of 12 samples per product and per year.

(4) Analytical results from the previous Union official control programmes have been taken into account to ensure that the range of pesticides covered by the control programme is representative of the pesticides used.

(5) In order to ensure a harmonised submission of information by Member States concerning the results of pesticide residues analysis, enabling the Authority to have comparable results, Member States should use agreed guidelines, such as the Standard Sample Description version 2 and the Chemical Monitoring Reporting Guideline.

(6) For the sampling procedures, Commission Directive 2002/63/EC (5), which incorporates the sampling methods and procedures recommended by the Codex Alimentarius Commission, should apply.

(7) In line with the Commission’s Health and Food Safety Directorate-General’s Working document on the summing up of LOQs in case of complex residue definitions (6), where the residue definition of a pesticide includes other active substances, metabolites and/or breakdown or reaction products, those compounds should be reported separately as far as they are measured individually.

(8) It is necessary to assess whether the maximum residue levels for food for infants and young children are complied with as provided for in Commission Delegated Regulations (EU) 2016/127 (7) and (EU) 2016/128 (8) and Commission Directive 2006/125/EC (9).

(9) As regards single residue methods, since not all Member States may have the required validated analytical methods, Member States should be allowed to meet their obligations of analysis by transmitting samples to official laboratories already having the required validated methods.

(10) In order to allow the Authority to timely evaluate and compile the reported results, Member States should submit by 31 August of each year the information concerning the previous calendar year.

(11) In order to avoid any confusion due to an overlap between consecutive multiannual programmes, Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/989 should be repealed. It should, however, continue to apply to samples tested in 2025.

(12) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Standing Committee on Plants, Animals, Food and Feed,

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

The sampling procedure, including the number of units, shall comply with Directive 2002/63/EC.

Article 2

Member States shall submit the results of the analysis of samples tested in 2026, 2027 and 2028 by 31 August 2027, 2028 and 2029 respectively in the electronic reporting format as set out by the Authority.

Where the residue definition of a pesticide includes more than one compound (active substance and/or metabolite or breakdown or reaction product), the analysis results shall be reported in accordance with the full residue definition. The results of all analytes that are part of the residue definition shall be submitted separately, as far as they are measured individually.

Article 3

Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/989 is repealed.

However, as regards samples tested in 2025, it shall apply until 1 September 2026.

Article 4

This Regulation shall enter into force on 1 January 2026.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 7 May 2025.

For the Commission The President Ursula VON DER LEYEN

(1) OJ L 70, 16.3.2005, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2005/396/oj.

(2) Commission Regulation (EC) No 1213/2008 of 5 December 2008 concerning a coordinated multiannual Community control programme for 2009, 2010 and 2011 to ensure compliance with maximum residue levels of and to assess the consumer exposure to pesticide residues in and on food of plant and animal origin (OJ L 328, 6.12.2008, p. 9, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2008/1213/oj).

(3) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/989 of 2 April 2024 concerning a coordinated multiannual control programme of the Union for 2025, 2026 and 2027 to ensure compliance with maximum residue levels of pesticides and to assess the consumer exposure to pesticide residues in and on food of plant and animal origin and repealing Implementing Regulation (EU) 2023/731 (OJ L, 2024/989, 3.4.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/989/oj).

(4) European Food Safety Authority; Pesticide Monitoring Program: Design Assessment. EFSA Journal 2015;13(2):4005.

(5) Commission Directive 2002/63/EC of 11 July 2002 establishing Community methods of sampling for the official control of pesticide residues in and on products of plant and animal origin and repealing Directive 79/700/EEC (OJ L 187, 16.7.2002, p. 30, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2002/63/oj).

(6) Working Document on the summing up of LOQs in case of complex residue definitions (SANCO/12574/2014).

(7) Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/127 of 25 September 2015 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the specific compositional and information requirements for infant formula and follow-on formula and as regards requirements on information relating to infant and young child feeding (OJ L 25, 2.2.2016, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2016/127/oj).

(8) Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/128 of 25 September 2015 supplementing Regulation (EU) No 609/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the specific compositional and information requirements for food for special medical purposes (OJ L 25, 2.2.2016, p. 30, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_del/2016/128/oj).

(9) Commission Directive 2006/125/EC of 5 December 2006 on processed cereal-based foods and baby foods for infants and young children (OJ L 339, 6.12.2006, p. 16, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2006/125/oj).

(10) In accordance with the Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community, and in particular Article 5(4) of the Windsor Framework (see Joint Declaration No 1/2023 of the Union and the United Kingdom in the Joint Committee established by the Agreement on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland from the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community of 24 March 2023 ( OJ L 102, 17.4.2023, p. 87)) in conjunction with Section 24 of Annex 2 to that Framework, for the purposes of this Regulation, references to Member States include the United Kingdom in respect of Northern Ireland.