LegalizeCommission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/1901 of 22 September 2025 imposing a definitive anti-dumping duty and definitively collecting the provisional duty imposed on imports of glyoxylic acid originating in the People’s Republic of China
(189) Exporting producers that did not export the product concerned to the Union during the investigation period should be able to request the Commission to be made subject to the anti-dumping duty rate for cooperating companies not included in the sample. The Commission should grant such request provided that three conditions are met. The new exporting producer would have to demonstrate that: (i) it did not export the product concerned to the Union during the investigation period; (ii) it is not related to an exporting producer that did so; and (iii) has exported the product concerned thereafter or has entered into an irrevocable contractual obligation to do so in substantial quantities.
(190) In view of the dumping margins found and given the level of the injury caused to the Union industry, the amounts secured by way of provisional anti-dumping duties imposed by the provisional Regulation, should be definitively collected up to the levels established under the present Regulation.
(191) As mentioned in section 1.2, the Commission made imports of the product under investigation subject to registration.
(192) During the definitive stage of the investigation, the data collected in the context of the registration was assessed. The Commission analysed whether the criteria under Article 10(4) of the basic Regulation were met for the retroactive collection of definitive duties.
(193) The Commission’s analysis showed no further substantial rise in imports in addition to the level of imports which caused injury during the investigation period, as prescribed by Article 10(4)(d) of the basic Regulation. For this analysis, the Commission compared the monthly average import volumes of the product concerned during the investigation period, which was 1 309 tonnes, with the monthly average import volumes during the period from the month following the initiation of this investigation until the last full month preceding the imposition of provisional measures (August 2024 – February 2025) which was 1 306 tonnes.
(194) Also, when comparing the monthly average import volumes of the product concerned during the investigation period with the monthly average import volumes during the period from the month following the initiation of this investigation up to and including the month in which provisional measures were imposed (August 2024 – March 2025), no further substantial increase could be observed.
(195) On that basis, the Commission concluded that the conditions as set out in Article 10(4) of the basic Regulation for the retroactive application of the definitive anti-dumping duty were not met.
(196) In view of Article 109 of Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 of the European Parliament and of the Council (20), when an amount is to be reimbursed following a judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union, the interest to be paid should be the rate applied by the European Central Bank to its principal refinancing operations, as published in the C series of the Official Journal of the European Union on the first calendar day of each month.
(197) The measures provided for in this regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Committee established by Article 15(1) of Regulation (EU) 2016/1036,
HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION
Article 1
A definitive anti-dumping duty is imposed on imports of glyoxylic acid [usually falling under Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Number 298-12-4 or 6000-59-5], of a purity of at least 95 % by dry weight, whether in solid form or as an aqueous solution with a concentration by weight higher than 40 % thereof, currently falling under CN code ex 2918 30 00 (TARIC code 2918 30 00 13) and originating in the People’s Republic of China.
The rate of the definitive anti-dumping duty applicable to the net, free-at-Union-frontier price, before duty, of the products described in paragraph 1 and produced by the companies listed below, shall be as follows:
The application of the individual duty rates specified for the companies mentioned in paragraph 2 shall be conditional upon presentation to the Member States’ customs authorities of a valid commercial invoice, on which shall appear a declaration dated and signed by an official of the entity issuing such invoice, identified by name and function, drafted as follows: ‘I, the undersigned, certify that the (volume in tonnes) of glyoxylic acid sold for export to the European Union covered by this invoice was manufactured by (company name and address) (TARIC additional code) in the People’s Republic of China. I declare that the information provided in this invoice is complete and correct.’ Until such invoice is presented, the duty applicable to all other imports originating in the People’s Republic of China shall apply.
Unless otherwise specified, the provisions in force concerning customs duties shall apply.
Article 2
The product described in Article 1(1) shall be exempted from definitive anti-dumping duty if it is imported for use in the production of formaldehyde-free sulfur-based reducing agents (“FFSRAs”) and with an iron (Fe) content of ≥ 10 and ≤ 20 PPM (parts per million).
This exemption shall be subject to the conditions laid down in the customs provisions of the Union on the end-use procedure, in particular Article 254 of Regulation (EU) No 952/2013.
Article 3
The amounts secured by way of the provisional anti-dumping duty under Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/591 imposing a provisional anti-dumping duty on imports of glyoxylic acid shall be definitively collected. The amounts secured in excess of the definitive rates of the anti-dumping duty shall be released.
The exemption under Article 2 shall also apply to the provisional anti-dumping duty under Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/591.
Article 4
Article 1 (2) may be amended to add new exporting producers from the PRC and make them subject to the appropriate weighted average anti-dumping duty rate for cooperating companies not included in the sample. A new exporting producer shall provide evidence that:
(a) it did not export the goods described in Article 1(1) during the period of investigation (01/07 2023 to 30/06/2024);
(b) it is not related to an exporter or producer subject to the measures imposed by this Regulation, and which could have cooperated in the original investigation; and
(c) it has either actually exported the product concerned or has entered into an irrevocable contractual obligation to export a significant quantity to the Union after the end of the period of investigation.
Article 5
This Regulation shall enter into force on the day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.
This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.
Done at Brussels, 22 September 2025.
For the Commission The President Ursula VON DER LEYEN
(1) OJ L 176, 30.6.2016, p. 21, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2016/1036/oj.
(2) Notice of initiation of an anti-dumping proceeding concerning imports of glyoxylic acid originating in the People’s Republic of China, OJ C, C/2024/4751, 25.7.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/4751/oj.
(3) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2024/2715 of 24 October 2024 making imports of glyoxylic acid originating in the People’s Republic of China subject to registration (OJ L, 2024/2715, 25.10.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2024/2715/oj).
(4) Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/591 of 21 March 2025 imposing a provisional duty on imports of glyoxylic acid originating in the People’s Republic of China (OJ L, 2025/591, 24.3.2025, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2025/591/oj).
(5) World Bank: How does the World Bank classify countries? – World Bank Data Help Desk.
(6) Notice of initiation of an interim review of the anti-dumping measures applicable to imports of continuous filament glass fibre products (GFR) originating in the People's Republic of China (C/2024/5344, 30.8.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/C/2024/5344/oj).
(7) OECD Data Explorer • International transport and insurance costs of merchandise trade (ITIC)
(8) See for instance Judgment of 25 June 2015 in Case T-26/12 PT Musim Mas (p. 56-58); Judgment of 14 September 2022 in Case T-865/19 AO Nevinnomysskiy Azot and NAK Azot v Commission (p. 93-95).
(9) See for instance Judgment of 11 September 2024, Sveza Verkhnyaya Sinyachikha NAO and Others v European Commission, T-2/22, ECLI:EU:T:2024:615, para. 57.
(10) Consumer prices - inflation - Statistics Explained - Eurostat.
(11) Eurostat: Electricity_price_statistics#Electricity_prices_for_non-household_consumers.
(12) Union-list-critical-medicines.
(13) Proposal for a Critical Medicines Act - European Commission.
(14) EMA/438798/2023w.
(15) Regulation (EU) No 952/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 October 2013 laying down the Union Customs Code (OJ L 269, 10.10.2013, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2013/952/oj).
(16) EUR-Lex - 52023PC0192 - EN - EUR-Lex.
(17) EUR-Lex - 52023PC0193 - EN - EUR-Lex.
(18) EU Strategic Autonomy Monitor.
(19) Email: TRADE-TDI-NAME-CHANGE-REQUESTS@ec.europa.euTRADE -TDI-NAME-CHANGE-REQUESTS@ec.europa.eu; European Commission, Directorate-General for Trade, Directorate G, Wetstraat 170 Rue de la Loi, 1040 Brussels, Belgium.
(20) Regulation (EU, Euratom) 2024/2509 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 September 2024 on the financial rules applicable to the general budget of the Union (recast) (OJ L, 2024/2509, 26.9.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/2509/oj).
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