Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2025/2161 of 27 October 2025 implementing Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the technical requirements of on-board devices for the monitoring and recording of fuel and energy consumption and mileage of certain heavy-duty vehicles, and for determining and recording the payload or total weight thereof

Image omitted; see official source	Official Journal of the European Union	EN L series
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	2025/2161	31.10.2025

THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION,

Having regard to the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union,

Having regard to Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 18 June 2009 on type-approval of motor vehicles and engines with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and amending Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 and Directive 2007/46/EC and repealing Directives 80/1269/EEC, 2005/55/EC and 2005/78/EC [^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000101-E0001], and in particular Article 5c, point (b), thereof,

Whereas:

• (1) In accordance with Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 [^ntr2-L_202502161EN.000101-E0002], the CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of whole heavy-duty vehicles are to be simulated using a methodology based on the VECTO tool (‘regulatory VECTO procedure’). The CO2 emissions so determined form the basis for assessing manufacturers’ compliance with their annual specific CO2 emissions targets as set out in Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 of the European Parliament and of the Council [^ntr3-L_202502161EN.000101-E0003]. The effectiveness of those CO2 emissions targets is strongly dependent on the real-world representativeness of the CO2 emissions and electric energy consumption values determined by the VECTO tool, which is to be monitored and assessed by using data from on-board fuel and electric energy consumption monitoring (OBFCM) devices in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2019/1242.

• (2) For that purpose, the information recorded by OBFCM devices should cover the parameters required to accurately determine the representativeness of the regulatory VECTO procedure. That procedure takes into consideration the mission profile, loads, fuel type, and total vehicle mass, and expresses the emissions in grams of CO2 per tonne kilometre to reflect the utility of the heavy-duty vehicles and grams of CO2 per passenger kilometre for interurban buses and coaches. In order to enable this approach, the OBFCM device should record both the overall lifetime fuel and electric energy consumption and lifetime distance driven. It should also record the fuel and electric energy consumption and distance in relation to the vehicle speed and total mass by accumulating these over periodic intervals of vehicle operation. For interurban buses and coaches, to assess the representativeness of the procedure, the comparison should take into consideration the underlying loads and total vehicle mass used in the procedure.

• (3) The quantity of fuel and electric energy used already being determined, and the relevant data already being stored on board of most new vehicles, but the devices presently used to monitor this information not being subject to standardised requirements, basic type-approval requirements with regard to those devices should be laid down to ensure that the data provided by them are accessible and may serve as a harmonised basis for a comparison between the VECTO simulated fuel consumption and emissions and the real-world values determined by the OBFCM device.

• (4) The total mass of vehicles and of their combinations should be determined by an on-board mass monitoring system, as part of the OBFCM device. To allow manufacturers to make use of existing systems and sensors where possible, offering lower costs and robustness, while providing for high accuracy, it is appropriate to allow for the total mass to be determined using indirect methods.

• (5) To assess the mission profiles and payload conditions during the lifetime of the vehicles, thereby reflecting the utility of the heavy-duty vehicles on the road and allowing for a comparison to the simulated conditions, over the lifetime of the vehicle the fuel and electric energy consumption and distance values accumulated over determined intervals should be stored at the end of each interval on the relevant control unit in a format where the parameters are indexed by the average total vehicle mass and the average speed determined for that interval. While the accumulated fuel and electric energy consumption and distance values should be reset at the end of each interval to ensure that only the accumulated values during a single interval are considered, the speed and total mass may be informed by the previous interval as these values are used for indexing the accumulated parameters.

• (6) To support the assessment of the regulatory VECTO procedure by providing a better indication of the real-world driving profiles of vehicles on the road, vehicles which are not required to have an on-board mass monitoring system should also record the fuel consumption and distance driven accumulated over intervals of vehicle operation and store this data based only on the average speed determined during that interval.

• (7) As the OBFCM device uses engine parameters to determine the relevant OBFCM parameters, compliance with OBFCM device requirements should be part of the emissions approval under Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 [^ntr4-L_202502161EN.000101-E0004]. To minimise the additional testing burden and thereby simplify the approval procedure, manufacturers should be able to meet compliance requirements by providing a declaration of the compliance to the requirements set out in this Regulation regarding the functionality and accuracy of the OBFCM device.

• (8) To ensure that the data provided by the OBFCM devices remain accurate during the use of the vehicles, while minimizing the additional testing burden, the accuracy of those devices should be monitored whenever fuel consumption is being recorded during existing regulatory testing procedures. These testing procedures should include engine testing procedures where the fuel map is being evaluated, as specified in Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, and on-road testing procedures where the fuel and electric energy consumption, total distance and mass monitoring accuracies can be monitored, as specified in the emissions approval and in-service conformity procedures under Regulation (EU) No 582/2011, the verification testing procedure under Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 and portable emissions measurement system tests under UN Regulation No 49 [^ntr5-L_202502161EN.000101-E0005].

• (9) The responsible authority for checking the results regarding the fuel consumption, total distance and total mass during monitoring tests should be the authority that granted the emissions approval, which should receive the necessary data to check the results from the authority or manufacturer performing this test. A recorded OBFCM parameter not falling between the lower and upper accuracy limits during a regulatory test procedure should not influence the outcome of the regulatory testing procedure.

• (10) In the case that the granting authority determines that the recorded OBFCM parameter does not fall between the lower and upper accuracy limits during a test procedure, a statistical test should be performed to verify the accuracy of the fuel consumption and distance travelled, or mass monitoring and determine compliance. The boundary conditions for this statistical test should be similar to the existing verification testing procedure conditions with simplified recording requirements, and with hilly and dynamic conditions to verify the OBMM system operation based on indirect methods, as the trip requirements for this procedure use representative speed distributions for different driving groups, and allow for existing routes and infrastructure to be used by vehicle manufacturers and independent accredited laboratories.

• (11) To simplify the compliance with accuracy requirements and thereby reduce the development burden for manufacturers, for certain fuel types and testing procedures initially only a surveillance of accuracy applies. Where there is a surveillance of accuracy, the accuracy requirements for the declaration of compliance should not apply, and a statistical verification procedure should not be performed when the recorded parameter does not fall between the lower and upper accuracy limits during a test procedure. Even so, the manufacturer should provide the most accurate values that can be achieved by the measurement and calculation system of the vehicle control units.

• (12) The Commission should assess the results of the monitoring tests and evaluate the accuracy requirements for vehicles where a surveillance of accuracy applies. To this extent, the granting approval authorities should provide the results of the monitoring tests in a standardised format upon request of the Commission.

• (13) As the declaration of compliance of the OBFCM device requirements is a condition for the extension of the emissions approval under Regulation (EU) No 582/2011, the authority responsible for the emissions approval should be responsible for assessing the results of the monitoring tests and should evaluate the accuracy of the OBFCM based on a statistical testing procedure, where necessary. This requires close cooperation between manufacturers, authorities performing monitoring tests and the authority granting the emissions approval.

• (14) As there is no separate initial type-approval testing for the OBFCM device, and the declaration of compliance of the OBFCM device to the requirements in this Regulation being required for the emissions approval, failure of the statistical testing procedure should lead to remedial measures of the emissions approval.

• (15) Considering the lead-time necessary to develop OBFCM devices, and to develop standardised signals that are not currently available, OBFCM requirements should be set as of 2027, while the real-world representativeness of the CO2 emissions and electric energy consumption values should be monitored and assessed through other means until these standardised signals are available. In that first instance, the requirements of the on-board fuel consumption and on-board mass monitoring should be limited to conventional heavy-duty vehicles with an internal combustion engine.

• (16) The scope of vehicles required to be equipped with OBFCM devices should expand in 2029 to also include all types of heavy-duty vehicles, in line with the timeline of requirements under Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council [^ntr6-L_202502161EN.000101-E0006], giving manufacturers enough time to prepare for the application of these new provisions in a harmonised manner.

• (17) The measures provided for in this Regulation are in accordance with the opinion of the Technical Committee for Motor Vehicles established by Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council [^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000101-E0007],

HAS ADOPTED THIS REGULATION:

Article 1

Definitions

For the purpose of this Regulation, the definitions of Article 3 of Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, point 2 of Annex III, point 2 of Annex VI, and point 2 of Annex Xa to that Regulation shall apply.

In addition, the following definitions shall apply:

• (1) ‘on-board fuel and electric energy consumption monitoring device’ or ‘OBFCM device’ means any software or hardware that senses and uses vehicle, engine, fuel or electric energy and payload/mass parameters to determine, store in the vehicle the fuel and electric energy consumption data and other parameters relevant for determining the fuel or electric energy consumption and energy efficiency of the vehicle;

• (2) ‘on-board energy monitoring system (OBEM)’ means any software or hardware as part of the OBFCM device that senses and uses vehicle, engine, fuel or electric energy parameters to determine and store in the vehicle the fuel and electric energy consumption data, their accumulating data, and other parameters relevant for determining the vehicle’s fuel or electric energy consumption and energy efficiency;

• (3) ‘on-board mass monitoring system (OBMM)’ means any software or hardware as part of the OBFCM device to determine the vehicle total mass;

• (4) ‘lifetime value’ of a certain quantity determined and stored at a time t means the value of this quantity accumulated since the completion of production of the vehicle until time t;

• (5) ‘lifetime of a vehicle’ at a time t means the period since the completion of its production until the time t;

• (6) ‘engine fuel rate’ means the instantaneous amount of all fuel injected into the engine per unit of time, not including fuel injected directly into the pollution control device;

• (7) ‘vehicle fuel rate’ means the instantaneous amount of all fuel injected into the engine and directly into the pollution control device per unit of time, not including the fuel used by a fuel operated space heater;

• (8) ‘total fuel consumed (lifetime)’ means the accumulation of the vehicle fuel rate during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (9) ‘total distance travelled (lifetime)’ means the accumulation of the distance travelled during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (10) ‘instantaneous brake engine power’ means the instantaneous mechanical output energy per second;

• (11) ‘engine output energy’ means the brake engine power output over a vehicle’s lifetime, that is the accumulated mechanical energy provided by the engine;

• (12) ‘accumulation period’ means a time period during a single trip, indexed by an average speed and average total mass value, for which the vehicle determines the indexed values;

• (13) ‘vehicle fuel consumed during accumulation period’ means the accumulation of the vehicle fuel rate during a vehicle’s lifetime, indexed by average speed and average total mass ranges, and limited to those accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges;

• (14) ‘distance travelled during accumulation period’ means the accumulation of the distance travelled during a vehicle’s lifetime, indexed by average speed and average total mass ranges, and limited to the accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges, using the same data source that the vehicle odometer uses;

• (15) ‘vehicle total mass (TM)’ means the total mass of a motor vehicle and, in case of a vehicle combination, of the vehicle combination as determined by the OBMM, in kilograms;

• (16) ‘odometer’ means an instrument as defined in Article 2, point (3), of Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 [^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000101-E0008];

• (17) ‘battery’ means a rechargeable electrical energy storage system (REESS) installed in an electrified vehicle and used mainly for traction purposes;

• (18) ‘total electric energy into the vehicle’ means, for Pure Electric Vehicles (PEVs), Off-Vehicle Charging-Hybrid Electric Vehicles (OVC-HEVs) and Off-Vehicle Charging Fuel Cell Hybrid Vehicles (OVC-FCHVs), the accumulation of the electric energy flowing into the vehicle from an external power supply connected via any charging interface the vehicle is equipped with during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (19) ‘total electric energy into the vehicle during alternating current (AC) charging’ means, for PEVs, OVC-HEVs and OVC-FCHVs, the accumulation of the electric energy from AC charging flowing into the vehicle from an external power supply connected via any charging interface the vehicle is equipped with during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (20) ‘total electric energy into the vehicle during direct current (DC) charging’ means, for PEVs, OVC-HEVs and OVC-FCHVs, the accumulation of the electric energy from DC charging flowing into the vehicle from an external power supply connected via any charging interface the vehicle is equipped with during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (21) ‘total electric energy into the battery’ means, for PEVs, OVC-HEVs and OVC-FCHVs, the accumulation of the electric energy flowing into the battery from an external power supply connected via any charging interface the vehicle is equipped with during a vehicle’s lifetime, excluding any electrical losses between the external power source and the battery;

• (22) ‘total battery energy supplied to an off-board usage’ means, for PEVs, OVC-HEVs and OVC-FCHVs equipped with V2X capabilities, the accumulation of the electric energy flowing out of the battery and used for V2X applications during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (23) ‘total electric energy into the battery during AC charging’ means, for PEVs, OVC-HEVs and OVC-FCHVs, the accumulation of the electric energy from AC charging flowing into the battery from an external power supply connected via any charging interface the vehicle is equipped with during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (24) ‘total electric energy into the battery during DC charging’ means, for PEVs, OVC-HEVs and OVC-FCHVs, the accumulation of the electric energy from DC charging flowing into the battery from an external power supply connected via any charging interface the vehicle is equipped with during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (25) ‘vehicle electric power consumption’ means the amount of electrical energy being either discharged from (positive consumption) or charged to (negative consumption) any rechargeable electric energy storage system by the vehicle per unit of time (i.e. the change in battery’s state of charge);

• (26) ‘vehicle electric energy consumption during accumulation period’ means the accumulation of the vehicle electric power consumption during a vehicle’s lifetime, indexed by average speed and average total mass values ranges, but limited to those accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges;

• (27) ‘vehicle electric energy consumption during accumulation period with engine on’ means the accumulation of the vehicle electric power consumption during a vehicle’s lifetime with the engine on, indexed by average speed and average total mass values ranges, but limited to those accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges;

• (28) ‘vehicle electric energy consumption during accumulation period with engine off’ means the accumulation of the vehicle electric power consumption during a vehicle’s lifetime with the engine off, indexed by average speed and average total mass values ranges, but limited to those accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges;

• (29) ‘distance travelled during accumulation period with engine on’ means the accumulation of the distance travelled during a vehicle’s lifetime with the engine on, indexed by average speed and average total mass ranges, and limited to the accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges, using the same data source that the vehicle odometer uses;

• (30) ‘distance travelled during accumulation period with engine off’ means the accumulation of the distance travelled during a vehicle’s lifetime with the engine off, indexed by average speed and average total mass ranges, and limited to the accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges, using the same data source that the vehicle odometer uses;

• (31) ‘charging event’ means to fully charge the battery after break-off criterion is reached until the end-of-charge criterion is reached, as set out in the type-approval procedure;

• (32) ‘total energy supplied to on-board special equipment’ means, for PEVs, OVC-HEVs and OVC-FCHVs equipped with ‘ePTO’ capabilities, the accumulation of the electric energy used for ‘ePTO’ applications during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (33) ‘vehicle-to-everything (V2X)’ means the use of the traction batteries to cover external power and energy demand, such as V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) for grid stabilisation by utilising traction batteries, V2F (Vehicle-to-Facility) for utilising traction batteries as facility storage for local optimisation or emergency power sources in times of power failure, V2H (Vehicle-to-Home) for utilising traction batteries as residential storage for local optimisation or emergency power sources in times of power failure, and V2L (Vehicle-to-Load, only connected loads are supplied) for use in times of power failure and/or outdoor activity in normal times;

• (34) ‘total fuel cell fuel consumed’ means the accumulation of the calculated amount of fuel injected into the fuel cell in kilograms during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (35) ‘total fuel cell active time’ means the accumulation of the total time in which the fuel cell stack consumes hydrogen and generates electricity in any mode of operation during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (36) ‘total fuel cell system energy generated’ means the total energy generated by the fuel cell in kWh during a vehicle’s lifetime;

• (37) ‘fuel cell fuel consumed’ means the accumulation of the calculated amount of fuel injected into the fuel cell during a vehicle’s lifetime, indexed by average speed and average total mass values ranges, and limited to those accumulation periods the indexed values of which fall within the indexed ranges;

• (38) ‘emissions approval’ means the approval of an engine system or engine family as a separate technical unit with regard to emissions, or of the vehicle with regard to emissions in accordance with Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 or any approval provided for as an alternative in accordance with Regulation (EU) 2018/858, as the case may be;

• (39) ‘granting approval authority (GAA)’ means the authority responsible for granting an emissions approval.

Article 2

Manufacturers’ obligations

Article 3

Requirements for devices for monitoring the consumption of fuel and electric energy and for determining the total mass of vehicles and their combinations

Article 4

OBFCM monitoring data

Article 5

Verification of compliance by the GAA

• (a) if the accuracy requirement for the fuel consumption or distance travelled as set out in Table 8 of Annex I is not met, then the GAA shall perform and evaluate an OBFCM accuracy verification test in accordance with Annex II;

• (b) if the accuracy requirement for the vehicle total mass as set out in Table 9 of Annex I is not met, then the GAA shall perform and evaluate an OBMM accuracy verification test in accordance with Annex III.

Article 6

Remedial measures

Article 7

Entry into force

This Regulation shall enter into force on the twentieth day following that of its publication in the Official Journal of the European Union.

This Regulation shall be binding in its entirety and directly applicable in all Member States.

Done at Brussels, 27 October 2025.

For the Commission

The President

Ursula VON DER LEYEN

[^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000101-E0001]: OJ L 188, 18.7.2009, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2009/595/oj.

[^ntr2-L_202502161EN.000101-E0002]: Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 of 12 December 2017 implementing Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards the determination of the CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of heavy-duty vehicles and amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council and Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 (OJ L 349, 29.12.2017, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/2400/oj).

[^ntr3-L_202502161EN.000101-E0003]: Regulation (EU) 2019/1242 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 setting CO2 emission performance standards for new heavy-duty vehicles and amending Regulations (EC) No 595/2009 and (EU) 2018/956 of the European Parliament and of the Council and Council Directive 96/53/EC (OJ L 198, 25.7.2019, p. 202, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2019/1242/oj).

[^ntr4-L_202502161EN.000101-E0004]: Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 of 25 May 2011 implementing and amending Regulation (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council with respect to emissions from heavy duty vehicles (Euro VI) and amending Annexes I and III to Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 167, 25.6.2011, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/582/oj).

[^ntr5-L_202502161EN.000101-E0005]: UN Regulation No 49 – Uniform provisions concerning the measures to be taken against the emission of gaseous and particulate pollutants from compression-ignition engines and positive ignition engines for use in vehicles [2023/64] (OJ L 14, 16.1.2023, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/64/oj).

[^ntr6-L_202502161EN.000101-E0006]: Regulation (EU) 2024/1257 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 April 2024 on type-approval of motor vehicles and engines and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, with respect to their emissions and battery durability (Euro 7), amending Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council and repealing Regulations (EC) No 715/2007 and (EC) No 595/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Regulation (EU) No 582/2011, Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151, Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 and Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2022/1362 (OJ L, 2024/1257, 8.5.2024, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2024/1257/oj).

[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000101-E0007]: Regulation (EU) 2018/858 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on the approval and market surveillance of motor vehicles and their trailers, and of systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles, amending Regulations (EC) No 715/2007 and (EC) No 595/2009 and repealing Directive 2007/46/EC (OJ L 151, 14.6.2018, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2018/858/oj).

[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000101-E0008]: Commission Regulation (EU) 2017/1151 of 1 June 2017 supplementing Regulation (EC) No 715/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council on type-approval of motor vehicles with respect to emissions from light passenger and commercial vehicles (Euro 5 and Euro 6) and on access to vehicle repair and maintenance information, amending Directive 2007/46/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council, Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 and Commission Regulation (EU) No 1230/2012 and repealing Commission Regulation (EC) No 692/2008 (OJ L 175, 7.7.2017, p. 1, ELI: http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2017/1151/oj).

ANNEX I

ON-BOARD DEVICES FOR MONITORING THE VEHICLE’S FUEL AND ELECTRIC ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND TOTAL MASS

1. INTRODUCTION

	1.1.	This Annex sets out the general requirements for on-board fuel and electric energy consumption monitoring (OBFCM) devices and for the monitoring of total mass for vehicles of categories M2, M3, N2 and N3 as referred to in Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 2019/1242.

2. APPLICATION OF OBFCM DEVICE AND ACCURACY REQUIREMENTS

Table 1

Application dates for OBFCM device and accuracy requirements based on the propulsion technology and regulatory test cycle

Propulsion technology	Mono fuel, pure ICE vehicle, HEV	Mono fuel, pure ICE vehicle, HEV	Dual-fuel vehicle	Dual-fuel vehicle	Compression ignition, pure ICE vehicle, HEV	Compression ignition, pure ICE vehicle, HEV	OVC-HEV	OVC-HEV	Pure electric vehicle[^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0001]	Fuel cell hybrid vehicle, OVC-FCHV[^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0001]	Application date for newly registered vehicles
Propulsion technology	Other fuels (e.g. LPG, LNG, NG/Biomethane, E10, Ethanol)	Hydrogen (ICE)	Diesel (B7) and other fuels (LNG, LPG, NG/Biomethane) LPG (Fuel B)	Diesel (B7) and Hydrogen (ICE)	Diesel (B7)	Other fuels (e.g. biofuels, ED95/B100)	Diesel (B7), Biofuels (ED95, B100)	Other fuels (e.g. LPG, NG/Biomethane, E10, E85)
OBFCM requirement	F[^ntr2-L_202502161EN.000901-E0002]	—	F	—	F	F	T[^ntr3-L_202502161EN.000901-E0003]	T	—	—	1 July 2027[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000901-E0014]
OBFCM requirement	F	F	F	F	F	F	F	F	F	F	29 May 2029[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0015]
WHTC[^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0008]	SE[^ntr4-L_202502161EN.000901-E0004]	—	SE	—	E[^ntr5-L_202502161EN.000901-E0005]	SE	SE	SE	—	—	1 July 2027[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000901-E0014] [^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0016]
WHSC[^ntr2-L_202502161EN.000901-E0009]	SE	—	SE	—	E	SE	SE	SE	—	—	1 July 2027[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000901-E0014] [^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0016]
FCMC[^ntr3-L_202502161EN.000901-E0010]	SE	—	SE	—	E	SE	SE	SE	—	—	1 July 2027[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000901-E0014] [^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0016]
PEMS[^ntr4-L_202502161EN.000901-E0011]	SE + SM[^ntr6-L_202502161EN.000901-E0006]	—	SE + SM	—	SE + SM	SE + SM	SE + SM	SE + SM	—	—	1 July 2027[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000901-E0014] [^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0016]
VTP[^ntr5-L_202502161EN.000901-E0012]	SE + SM	—	SE + SM	—	E + M[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000901-E0007]	SE + SM	SE + SM	SE + SM	—	—	1 July 2027[^ntr7-L_202502161EN.000901-E0014] [^ntr1-L_202502161EN.000901-E0016]
WHTC	E	SE	E	SE	E	E	E	E	—	—	29 May 2029[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0015]
WHSC	E	SE	E	SE	E	E	E	E	—	—	29 May 2029[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0015]
FCMC	E	SE	E	SE	E	E	E	E	—	—	29 May 2029[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0015]
PEMS	E + M	SE + SM	E + M	SE + SM	E + M	E + M	E + SM	E + SM	—	—	29 May 2029[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0015]
VTP	E + M	SE + SM	E + M	SE + SM	E + M	E + M	E + SM	E + SM	E + SM	E + SM	29 May 2029[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0015]
Battery durability[^ntr6-L_202502161EN.000901-E0013]	—	—	—	—	—	—	E + SM	E + SM	E + SM	—	29 May 2029[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0015]

2.1.   On-board mass monitoring

The provisions for the on-board mass monitoring as set out in this Annex shall only apply to the vehicles in the following vehicle groups as defined in Table 1 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400:

Groups 4, 5, 9, and 10 (‘vehicle group set #1’)

Groups 1s, 1, 2 and 3 (‘vehicle group set #2’)

Groups 11, 12 and 16 (‘vehicle group set #3’)

In addition, those provisions shall apply to coaches and interurban buses with high floors in the vehicle groups 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d, 32e and 32f as defined in Table 4, vehicle groups 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d, 34e, 34f, 36a, 36b, 36c, 36d, 36e, and 36f as defined in Table 5, and vehicle groups 38a, 38b, 38c, 38d, 38e, 38f, 40a, 40b, 40c, 40d, 40e, and 40f as defined in Table 6 of Annex I to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400.

2.2.   Family definitions

	2.2.1.	The OBFCM family, as determined by the engine manufacturer, shall be the same as the engine family for which the declaration of compliance as set out in point 6.1 was submitted.
---	---	---
	2.2.2.	The OBMM family shall be the same as the OBFCM family where the manufacturer responsible for the vehicle approvals according to Articles 7 and 9 of Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 or according to point 2.3 of UN Regulation No 49 did not provide a separate declaration of compliance under point 6.2. However, where the manufacturer responsible for the vehicle approvals according to Articles 7 and 9 of Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 or according to point 2.3 of UN Regulation No 49 provided a separate declaration of compliance under point 6.2, the OBMM family shall be all vehicles of that manufacturer with the same working principle of the on-board mass monitoring system as described in the declaration of compliance as set out in point 6.2.
---	---	---
	2.2.3.	The parent engine of the family shall be selected in accordance with the requirements set out in paragraph 5.2.4 of Annex 4 to UN Regulation No 49 and, in the case of dual-fuel engines and vehicles, with paragraph 3.1.2 of Annex 15 to UN Regulation No 49.
---	---	---
	2.2.4.	For Pure Electric Vehicles, the OBFCM family and choice of parent, as determined by the manufacturer, shall comply with Appendix 13 to Annex Xb of Regulation (EU) 2017/2400. In case of multiple electric motors or IEPCs, the parent electric motor shall be the one with the highest rated power.

3. DATA STORAGE REQUIREMENTS

3.1.   Overall requirements

The general structure of information to be stored comprises lifetime values, active accumulating data and static data.

Lifetime values: This category represents aggregate values accumulated since the first initial engine operation after production.

Active accumulating data: Values stored in this category are accumulating instantaneous values up to 10 minutes of operation. The category shall transfer data to the static data category, prior to a reset to zero, and begin incrementing again when the operation time in this category reaches 10 minutes, or on engine switch off. By way of derogation to the reset, the vehicle average speed and vehicle total mass shall be calculated at the end of the 10-minute period, or on engine switch off, and the value shall be kept and updated with the new calculated value at the end of the subsequent period.

Static data: These are accumulated values (transferred into bins from the active accumulating data category) each 10-minute interval of engine operation, or on engine switch off, added up over the lifetime of the vehicle. These data are matrices, indexed by average speed and average vehicle total mass.

In addition to the three types of information to be stored, instantaneous values at a frequency sampled at 1 Hz shall be made available. This category represents current values derived from the instantaneous condition of the vehicle, such as fuel rates, vehicle velocity, instantaneous brake engine power and vehicle total mass.

3.2.   OBMM system requirements

3.2.1.   Quantity to be determined

The OBMM system shall determine vehicle total mass as defined in Article 1(15).

3.2.2.   Requirements for vehicle total mass signal

The vehicle total mass signal shall be broadcasted via CAN in at least 1 Hz frequency in the unit of kilogram (kg). The mass resolution of the broadcasted signal shall be 100 kg or better.

3.2.3.   Further use of the vehicle total mass signal for OBFCM purposes

The vehicle total mass signal shall be used for the purposes of calculating and storing of OBFCM data in accordance with points 3.3 and 3.5.

3.3.   Parameters to be recorded

3.3.1.   For pure ICE vehicles, HEVs

The OBFCM device shall determine at least the parameters referred to in Table 2 and store the lifetime and instantaneous values, and active accumulating and static data on board the vehicle as indicated in Table 2.

The parameters in Table 2 shall apply to pure ICE vehicles, HEVs with the fuel types outlined in Table 1 of this Annex.

The static accumulated data shall be stored as a two-dimensional matrix according to the average speed and the total vehicle mass as determined during the active accumulating period in accordance with point 3.4 for the average speed and point 3.5 for the total vehicle mass.

Table 2

OBFCM parameters for pure ICE vehicles, HEVs

Ref.	Parameter	Lifetime values	Instantaneous values	Active accumulating data[^ntr8-L_202502161EN.000901-E0017]	Static (accumulated) data
1	Total fuel consumed (lifetime) (kilograms)[^ntr9-L_202502161EN.000901-E0018]	Yes
1.1	Fuel consumed during accumulation period (kilograms)			Yes	Yes
2	Total distance travelled (lifetime) (kilometres)	Yes
2.1	Distance travelled during accumulation period (kilometres)			Yes	Yes
3.0	Engine fuel rate (grams/second)		Yes
3.1	Vehicle fuel rate (grams/second)		Yes
3.2	Vehicle speed (kilometres/hour)		Yes (actual speed)	Yes (average speed)
4	Engine output energy[^ntr10-L_202502161EN.000901-E0019] (kilowatt hours)	Yes		Yes	Yes
4.1	Instantaneous brake engine power[^ntr10-L_202502161EN.000901-E0019] (kilowatts)		Yes
5	Vehicle total mass[^ntr11-L_202502161EN.000901-E0020] (kilograms)			Yes (average mass)

3.3.2.   For OVC-HEVs

For OVC-HEVs, as defined in point 2(30) of Annex III to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 and for fuel types as specified in Table 1, the OBFCM device shall determine at least the following parameters and store the lifetime and instantaneous values, and active accumulating and static data values on board the vehicle as indicated in Table 3.

For the transitional implementation, as indicated in Table 1, OVC-HEVs shall require all lifetime and instantaneous values, and active accumulating and static accumulated data as set out in Table 2, in addition to the total electric energy into the battery and total battery energy supplied to an off-board usage.

Table 3

OBFCM parameters for OVC-HEVs

Ref.	Parameter	Lifetime values	Instantaneous values[^ntr12-L_202502161EN.000901-E0021]	Active accumulating data	Static (accumulated) data
1	Total fuel consumed (lifetime) (kilograms)	Yes
1.1	Fuel consumed during accumulation period (kilograms)		Yes	Yes	Yes
2	Total distance travelled (lifetime) (kilometres)	Yes
2.2	Distance travelled during accumulation period with engine on (kilometres)		Yes	Yes	Yes
2.3	Distance travelled during accumulation period with engine off (kilometres)		Yes	Yes	Yes
3.0	Engine fuel rate (grams/second)		Yes
3.1	Vehicle fuel rate (grams/second)		Yes
3.2	Vehicle speed (kilometres/hour)		Yes	Yes
4	Engine output energy during accumulation period (kilowatt hours)		Yes	Yes	Yes
5	Vehicle total mass[^ntr13-L_202502161EN.000901-E0022] (kilograms)			Yes (average mass)
6	Total electric energy into the vehicle (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
6.1	Total electric energy into the vehicle during AC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
6.2	Total electric energy into the vehicle during DC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7	Total electric energy into the battery (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.1	Total battery energy supplied to an off-board usage (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.2	Total electric energy into the battery during AC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.3	Total electric energy into the battery during DC charging (lifetime) kWh	Yes
7.4	Total battery energy supplied to on-board special equipment	Yes
8	Vehicle electric power consumption (kilowatts)		Yes
8.2	Vehicle electric energy consumption during accumulation period with engine on (kilowatt hours)			Yes	Yes
8.3	Vehicle electric energy consumption during accumulation period with engine off (kilowatt hours)			Yes	Yes
9.1	Battery current (A)		Yes
9.2	Battery voltage (V)		Yes
9.3	Battery state of charge (%)		Yes
9.4	Battery state of health (%)		Yes

3.3.3.   For pure electric vehicles

For pure electric vehicles (PEVs), as defined in point 2(34) of Annex III to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, the OBFCM device shall determine at least the parameters referred to in Table 4 and store the lifetime and instantaneous values, and active accumulating and static data on board the vehicle as indicated in Table 4.

Table 4

OBFCM parameters for PEVs

Ref.	Parameter	Lifetime values	Instantaneous values[^ntr14-L_202502161EN.000901-E0023]	Active accumulating data[^ntr14-L_202502161EN.000901-E0023]	Static (accumulated) data
2	Total distance travelled (lifetime) (kilometres)	Yes
2.1	Distance travelled during accumulation period (kilometres)			Yes	Yes
3.2	Vehicle speed (kilometres/hour)		Yes (actual speed)	Yes (average speed)
5	Vehicle total mass[^ntr15-L_202502161EN.000901-E0024] (kilograms)			Yes (average mass)
6	Total electric energy into the vehicle (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
6.1	Total electric energy into the vehicle during AC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
6.2	Total electric energy into the vehicle during DC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7	Total electric energy into the battery (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.1	Total battery energy supplied to an off-board usage (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.2	Total electric energy into the battery during AC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.3	Total electric energy into the battery during DC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.4	Total battery energy supplied to on-board special equipment	Yes
8	Vehicle electric power consumption (kilowatts)		Yes
8.1	Vehicle electric energy consumption during accumulation period (kilowatt hours)			Yes	Yes
9.1	Battery current (A)		Yes
9.2	Battery voltage (V)		Yes
9.3	Battery state of charge (%)		Yes
9.4	Battery state of health (%)		Yes

3.3.4.   For fuel cell hybrid vehicles

For fuel cell hybrid vehicles (FCHVs), as defined in point 2(13) of Annex III to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, the OBFCM device shall determine at least the parameters referred to in Table 5 and store the lifetime and instantaneous, and active accumulating and static data on board the vehicle as indicated in Table 5.

Table 5

OBFCM parameters for FCHVs

Ref.	Parameter	Lifetime values	Instantaneous values[^ntr16-L_202502161EN.000901-E0025]	Active accumulating data[^ntr16-L_202502161EN.000901-E0025]	Static (accumulated) data
2	Total distance travelled (lifetime) (kilometres)	Yes
2.1	Distance travelled during accumulation period (kilometres)			Yes	Yes
3.2	Vehicle speed (kilometres/hour)		Yes (actual speed)	Yes (average speed)
5	Vehicle total mass[^ntr17-L_202502161EN.000901-E0026] (kilograms)			Yes (average mass)
10	Total Fuel Cell Fuel Consumed (Lifetime) (kilograms)	Yes
10.1	Total Fuel Cell Active Time (Lifetime) (seconds)	Yes
10.2	Total Fuel Cell System Energy Generated (Lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
11	Fuel cell fuel consumed during accumulation period (kilograms)			Yes	Yes

3.3.5.   For off-vehicle charging fuel cell hybrid vehicles

For off-vehicle charging fuel cell hybrid vehicles (OVC-FCHVs), as defined in point 2(48) of Annex III to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, the OBFCM device shall determine at least the parameters referred to in Table 6 and store the lifetime and instantaneous, and active accumulating and static data on board the vehicle as indicated in Table 6.

Table 6

OBFCM parameters for OVC-FCHVs

Ref.	Parameter	Lifetime values	Instantaneous values	Active accumulating data[^ntr18-L_202502161EN.000901-E0027]	Static (accumulated) data
2	Total distance travelled (lifetime) (kilometres)	Yes
2.1	Distance travelled during accumulation period (kilometres)			Yes	Yes
3.2	Vehicle speed (kilometres/hour)		Yes (actual speed)	Yes (average speed)
5	Vehicle total mass[^ntr19-L_202502161EN.000901-E0028] (kilograms)			Yes (average mass)
6	Total electric energy into the vehicle (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
6.1	Total electric energy into the vehicle during AC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
6.2	Total electric energy into the vehicle during DC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7	Total electric energy into the battery (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.1	Total battery energy supplied to an off-board usage (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.2	Total electric energy into the battery during AC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.3	Total electric energy into the battery during DC charging (lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
7.4	Total battery energy supplied to on-board special equipment	Yes
8	Vehicle electric power consumption (kilowatts)		Yes
8.1	Vehicle electric energy consumption during accumulation period (kilowatt hours)			Yes	Yes
10	Total Fuel Cell Fuel Consumed (Lifetime) (kilograms)	Yes
10.1	Total Fuel Cell Active Time (Lifetime) (seconds)	Yes
10.2	Total Fuel Cell System Energy Generated (Lifetime) (kilowatt hours)	Yes
11	Fuel cell fuel consumed during accumulation period (kilograms)			Yes	Yes

3.4.   Calculation of the average speed over the accumulation period

At the end of the active accumulation period (10 minutes, or on engine switch off), the distance travelled is converted into an average speed.

In the case that the end of the active accumulation period is defined by the 10 minutes elapsing, the average speed is defined by:

Average speed over the accumulation period = distance travelled × 60/10 minutes (km/h)

In the case the active accumulation period is defined by the engine switch off, the average speed is defined by:

Average speed over the accumulation period = distance travelled × 60/number of minutes since the end of the last accumulation period and engine off (km/h)

3.5.   Static data matrix

3.5.1.   Average speed binning

For all vehicles there are four average speed windows, and one window where data shall be stored in the cases specified in point 3.6:

• Idle (very low speed) running, I, without PTO operation I < 1,6 km/h

• Idle (very low speed) running, I (PTO), with PTO operation I (PTO) < 1,6 km/h

• Urban speed running, U 1,6 ≤ U < 60 km/h

• Higher speed running, H H ≥ 60 km/h

Speed data not available

The average speed, as determined following the calculation in 3.4 shall be used to determine the index in the average total vehicle mass matrix.

3.5.2.   Average total vehicle mass matrix

The average total weight of an accumulation period shall be used to determine the index in the average total vehicle mass matrix. The average total vehicle mass shall be calculated and scaled according to the methodology described in point 3.2. Only in the case specified in point 3.6.1 may a ‘mass data not available’ window be used.

For all vehicles, the same average mass windows apply:

N – N +1 000 kg for mass from 2 000 kg to 16 000 kg

N – N +2 000 kg for mass from 16 000 kg to 26 000 kg

N – N +3 000 kg for mass from 26 000 kg to 41 000 kg

N – N +4 000 kg for mass from 41 000 kg to 49 000 kg

N – N +5 000 kg for mass from 49 000 to 59 000 kg

N – N +6 000 kg for mass from 59 000 to 65 000 kg

65 000 kg and above

Mass data not available

3.5.3.   OBFCM static data matrix

The OBFCM static data matrix shall be indexed by the average vehicle speed during the accumulation period, as set out in point 3.5.1 following the calculation in point 3.4, and the average total vehicle mass as specified in point 3.5.2 and determined during the mass accumulation period.

The values to be indexed for each fuel type are the static (accumulated) data as specified in point 3.3. A separate data matrix shall be stored for each of the static data parameters. Each parameter is evaluated over the same time interval for the speed and mass.

For HDV configurations that do not have an on-board mass monitoring (OBMM) system requirement, as specified in point 2.1, the average vehicle total mass is not applicable. Those vehicles shall provide the relevant static accumulated values in the OBFCM static data matrix indexed by the active accumulating vehicle speed only and the ‘mass data not available’ window as specified in point 3.5.2.

If the vehicle mass data cannot be determined, as specified in point 3.6(1), then these vehicles shall also record the static data indexed by the average active accumulating vehicle speed as specified in point 3.5.1 and the ‘mass data not available’ window.

If the vehicle average speed data cannot be determined, as specified in point 3.6(2), then these vehicles shall record the static data indexed by the ‘speed data not available’ and the average mass window as set out in point 3.5.2.

3.6.   Data availability

There may be two cases where data is not available to determine both the mass and speed index:

• (1) the communication network to obtain mass readings, or the signals required to provide the mass readings are not functioning, or the vehicle is not required to have an OBMM system;

• (2) the communication network to obtain speed readings, or the signals required to provide the speed readings are not functioning.

In the case where the mass data is not available, notwithstanding the freeze or reset conditions specified in point 3.7, data shall still be logged in the OBFCM static data matrix indexed by the average speed and ‘mass data not available’.

In the case there the vehicle speed data is not available, and where the freeze or reset conditions specified in point 3.7 are not met, data shall still be logged in the OBFCM static data matrix indexed by the average vehicle total mass determined during the mass accumulation period and ‘speed data not available’.

A lifetime counter shall indicate the frequency of these occurrences.

3.7.   Access to the information provided by the OBFCM device

	3.7.1.	The OBFCM device shall provide for standardised and unrestricted access of the information specified in point 3.3 and shall conform to the standards referred to in either paragraph 4.7.3 of Annex 9B to UN Regulation No 49, SAE J1979, SAE J1979-2 or SAE J1979-3.
---	---	---
	3.7.2.	By way of derogation from the reset conditions specified in the standards referred to in point 3.7.1, once the vehicle has entered into service the values of the lifetime counters shall be preserved, except in the cases referred to in points 3.7.3 and 3.7.4.
---	---	---
	3.7.3.	The values of the lifetime counters must be preserved including in the case where the battery is disconnected from the vehicle. They may only be erased in the exceptional circumstances defined in point 3.7.4.
---	---	---
	3.7.4.	Lifetime counters shall be stored in Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) and may not be erasable by any scan tool command or by disconnecting power to the on-board computer, or when the control module containing the counters is reprogrammed. Lifetime counters may only be erased in conjunction with the reprogramming of the Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) or Engine Serial Number (ESN). Only in these cases may each number of the OBFCM device be reset simultaneously to ensure that the values remain fully synchronised.

4. ACCURACY REQUIREMENTS

	4.1.	With regard to the information specified in section 3 the manufacturer shall ensure that the OBFCM device provides the most accurate values that can be achieved by the measurement and calculation system of the engine control unit.
---	---	---
	4.2.	Notwithstanding paragraph 4.1, the performance of the OBEM determined on the monitoring tests in accordance with Table 1 shall fulfil the conditions specified in Table 7. The accuracy of the fuel consumption as determined by the OBFCM device shall be between the lower and upper accuracy bounds. Table 7 OBEM consumption accuracy requirements Test Fuel Consumption AccuracyTest,FC (lower)[^ntr20-L_202502161EN.000901-E0029] [^ntr21-L_202502161EN.000901-E0030] Fuel Consumption AccuracyTest,FC (upper)[^ntr20-L_202502161EN.000901-E0029] [^ntr21-L_202502161EN.000901-E0030] Distance accuracy AccuracyTEST,Distance [^ntr20-L_202502161EN.000901-E0029] WHTC – 0,10 0,05 — WHSC – 0,10 0,05 — FCMC – 0,10 0,05 — PEMS – 0,15 0,10 ± 0,05 VTP – 0,15 0,075 ± 0,05 Battery durability – 0,15 0,075 ± 0,05
---	---	---
	4.3.	The accuracy of the lifetime fuel consumption determined by the OBFCM device shall be calculated with three decimals using the following formula:

Image omitted; see official source

where:

AccuracyTEST,FC	is the accuracy determined by taking the difference of the fuel consumption determined over the duration of the test and the fuel consumption as determined by the OBFCM device during this same test over the same time interval. For the WHTC test this is AccuracyWHTC, for the FCMC test this is AccuracyFCMC, for the VTP test this is AccuracyVTP,FC and for the PEMS test this is AccuracyPEMS,FC.
Fuel_ConsumedTEST (kilograms)	is the fuel consumption determined in accordance with point 5.2, using the measurement data shared in accordance with paragraph 5.1. For the WHTC test this is Fuel_ConsumedWHTC, for the WHSC test this is Fuel_ConsumedWHSC, for the FCMC test this is Fuel_ConsumedFCMC, for the VTP test this is Fuel_ConsumedVTP and for the PEMS test this is Fuel_ConsumedPEMS.
Fuel_ConsumedWHTC (kilograms)	is the fuel consumption determined at the WHTC test carried out in accordance with point 4.3.3 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, and calculated in accordance with point 5.2.1 of this Annex.
Fuel_ConsumedWHSC (kilograms)	is the fuel consumption determined at the WHSC test carried out in accordance with point 4.3.4 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, and calculated in accordance with point 5.2.1 of this Annex.
Fuel_ConsumedFCMC (kilograms)	is the fuel consumption determined at the FCMC test carried out in accordance with point 4.3.5 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, and calculated in accordance with point 5.2.1 of this Annex.
Fuel_ConsumedVTP (kilograms)	is the fuel consumption measured at the verification test procedure, in accordance with point 6.1.5.5 of Annex Xa to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 and reported in the test report in accordance with point 8.13.15.11 of that Annex.
Fuel_ConsumedPEMS (kilograms)	is the fuel consumption during the test procedure for vehicle emissions testing with portable emissions measurement systems in accordance with Appendix 1 to Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 or Appendix 1 to Annex VI to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011, as calculated in accordance with point 5.2.2 of this Annex. If the fuel consumption is measured in accordance with point 5.1.3(2), then the total fuel consumed shall be calculated in accordance with point 5.2.1 of this Annex.
Fuel_ConsumedOBEM (kilograms)	is the fuel consumption determined for the same test using the differentials of the parameter ‘Total fuel consumed (lifetime) (kilograms)’ as provided by the OBFCM device over the same period as the Fuel_ConsumedTEST and collected in accordance with point 5.1.
---	---
	4.4.

Image omitted; see official source

where:

AccuracyTEST,Distance	is the accuracy determined by taking the difference of the distance determined at a test and the distance as determined by the OBFCM device during this same test over the same time interval. For the VTP test this is AccuracyVTP,Distance and for the PEMS test this is AccuracyPEMS,Distance.
Total_DistanceTEST (kilometres)	is the total distance determined at the test carried out to verify the accuracy of the OBFCM device. For the VTP test this is Total_DistanceVTP, for the PEMS test this is Total_DistancePEMS.
Total_DistanceVTP (kilometres)	is the total distance determined by taking the differentials of the odometer reading between the test end and the test start of the verification test procedure as reported in the test reporting procedure in accordance with points 8.1.7 and 8.13.15.10 of Annex Xa to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 and shared in accordance with point 5.1.2 of this Annex.
Total_DistancePEMS (kilometres)	is the total distance determined by taking the differentials of the odometer reading between the test end and the test start of the test procedure for vehicle emissions testing with portable emissions measurement systems in accordance with Appendix 1 to Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011 or Appendix 1 to Annex VI to that Regulation, as reported in accordance with points 10.1.7.1 and 10.1.7.1a of Annex II to that Regulation and shared in accordance with point 5.1.3 of this Annex.
Total_DistanceOBEM (kilometres)	is the total distance determined for the same test using the differentials of the parameter ‘Total distance travelled (lifetime)’ as provided by the OBFCM device over the same period as the Total_DistanceTEST and collected in accordance with points 5.1.2 and 5.1.3.

4.5.   Evaluation of deviations of the vehicle total mass (TM) signal to the reference mass

The reference mass (TMref) for verification of the OBMM system accuracy shall be the value as determined by weighing the vehicle on the weighbridge as set out in point 2.5.2 of Annex III.

4.5.1.   Division of the measurement data into evaluation windows (EW)

The TM signal is evaluated on the basis of non-overlapping periods of 10 minutes that follow each other seamlessly and are referred to as EWs. The first EW is defined as the 10-minute time period starting 15 minutes after the first movement of the vehicle as recorded in the measuring run. The last part of the data recording in the measuring run that is shorter than 10 minutes shall not be considered in the evaluation.

The TM signal is shared with the GAA in accordance with point 5.1.2. for the VTP test performed in accordance with Annex Xa to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400, and in accordance with point 5.1.3 for the PEMS test as performed in accordance with Annex II to Regulation (EU) No 582/2011.

4.5.2.   Calculation of relative and absolute deviation for each EW

For each EW which contains n recorded data points TMEW,i the relative deviation μ rel,j and the absolute deviation μ abs,j shall be calculated as follows:

relative deviation for the EW j [%]:

Image omitted; see official source

absolute deviation for the EW j [kg]:

Image omitted; see official source

where:

i represents the index of a single recorded data point in an EW.

j represents the index of evaluation windows.

4.5.3.   Calculation of the average relative and average absolute standard deviation for the entire test

Average relative deviation:

Image omitted; see official source

Average relative standard deviation:

Image omitted; see official source

Average absolute deviation (kg):

Image omitted; see official source

Average absolute standard deviation:

Image omitted; see official source

where N represents the number of measured EW.

4.5.4.   Pass/fail criteria

A vehicle passes the OBMM accuracy requirements in case of

Image omitted; see official source

or

Image omitted; see official source

whereby only the criterion is to be fulfilled for which the tolerance results in the higher value in kilograms.

where:

Tolrel represents the relative tolerance.

Tolabs represents the absolute tolerance.

fσ represents the factor to take into account the standard deviation.

The parameters listed above are set out Table 8 depending on the vehicle group set as defined in point 2.1 and the propulsion system referred to in Table 1.

Table 8

Parameters for pass/fail criteria

Propulsion system[^ntr22-L_202502161EN.000901-E0031]	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set	Vehicle group set
Propulsion system[^ntr22-L_202502161EN.000901-E0031]	#1 (groups 4, 5, 9 and 10)	#1 (groups 4, 5, 9 and 10)	#1 (groups 4, 5, 9 and 10)	#2 (groups 1, 1s, 2, and 3)	#2 (groups 1, 1s, 2, and 3)	#2 (groups 1, 1s, 2, and 3)	#3 (11, 12 and 16)	#3 (11, 12 and 16)	#3 (11, 12 and 16)	Coaches and interurban buses	Coaches and interurban buses	Coaches and interurban buses
Propulsion system[^ntr22-L_202502161EN.000901-E0031]	Tolrel [-]	Tolabs [kg]	fσ	Tolrel [-]	Tolabs [kg]	fσ	Tolrel [-]	Tolabs [kg]	fσ	Tolrel [-]	Tolabs [kg]	fσ
ICE Diesel CI	10 %	1 500	1	10 %	1 500	0	10 %	2 500	0	10 %	1 500	0
ICE NG PI and ICE NG CI (dual-fuel)	10 %	2 500	0	10 %	1 500	0	10 %	2 500	0	10 %	2 500	0
PEVs	10 %	1 500	1	10 %	1 500	0	10 %	2 500	0	10 %	1 500	0

5. MONITORING AND VERIFICATION OF ACCURACY REQUIREMENTS

5.1.   Collection of accuracy monitoring data

5.1.1.   WHTC/WHSC/FCMC accuracy monitoring data collection

• (1) The approval authority performing the WHTC test in accordance with point 4.3.3 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 shall share with the GAA the following information:

• (a) information set out in Table 9 of this Annex for the WHTC test;

• (b) information over the same test period on actual fuel mass flow consumed by the engine in accordance with point 3.4 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 during the entire WHTC test and referred to in point 4.3.3.1 of that Annex.

• (2) The approval authority performing the WHSC test in accordance with point 4.3.4 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 shall share with the GAA the following information:

• (a) information set out in in Table 9 as recorded for the WHSC test;

• (b) information over the same test period on actual fuel mass flow consumed by the engine in accordance with point 3.4 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 during the entire WHSC test and referred to in point 4.3.4.1 of that Annex.

• (3) The approval authority performing the FCMC test in accordance with Point 4.3.5 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 shall share with the GAA the following information:

• (a) information set out in Table 9 as recorded for the FCMC test;

• (b) information over the same test period on actual fuel mass flow consumed by the engine in accordance with point 3.4 of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 during the entire FCMC test and referred to in point 4.3.5.3(3) of that Annex;

• (c) information for each point of the fuel mass flow recorded in accordance with 4.3.5.3(3) of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400 the OBFCM instantaneous value of the engine fuel rate referred to in point 5.13 of Annex Xa to that Regulation and referred to in point 4.3.5.3(5)(b) of Annex V to that Regulation;

• (d) information on the time intervals between the different points of the fuel mass flow as referred to in point 4.3.5.3(5)(c) of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400.

Table 9

Data to be shared from WHTC/WHSC/FCMC with the GAA, as recorded in accordance with point 4.3.5.3(5)(a) of Annex V to Regulation (EU) 2017/2400