MONEYLENDERS ACT, 1933

AN ACT TO AMEND THE LAW WITH RESPECT TO PERSONS CARRYING ON BUSINESS AS MONEYLENDERS. [2nd October, 1933.]

BE IT ENACTED BY THE GÍREACHTAS OF SAORSTÁT EIREANN AS FOLLOWS:—

1 Definitions.

1.—In this Act—

the word “moneylender” has the meaning assigned to it by the Moneylenders Act, 1900, as amended by this Act;

the expressions “authorised name” and “authorised address” mean respectively the name under which and the address at which a moneylender is authorised by a certificate granted under this Act to carry on business as a moneylender;

the expression “business name” means the name or style under which any business is carried on, whether in partnership or otherwise;

the word “company” means any body corporate being a moneylender;

the word “firm” means an unincorporate body of two or more individuals, or one or more individuals and one or more corporations, or two or more corporations, who have entered into partnership with one another with a view to carrying on business for profit;

the word “interest” does not include any sum lawfully charged in accordance with the provisions of this Act by a moneylender for or on account of expenses, but save as aforesaid, includes any amount, by whatsoever name called, in excess of principal, paid or payable to a moneylender in consideration of or otherwise in respect of a loan;

the word “principal” means in relation to a loan the amount actually lent to the borrower;

the expression “the Bankruptcy Acts” means the Irish Bankrupt and Insolvent Act, 1857, and the Bankruptcy (Ireland) Amendment Act, 1872.

2 National of Saorstát Eireann.

2.—Each of the following persons shall for the purposes of this Act be a national of Saorstát Eireann, that is to say:—

• (a) a person born in Saorstát Eireann or in the area now comprised in Saorstát Eireann;

• (b) a person born outside Saorstát Eireann or the area now comprised in Saorstát Eireann whose mother at the time of his birth was ordinarily resident in Saorstát Eireann or such area;

• (c) a person who at the relevant time is and for not less than five consecutive years immediately preceding that time has been ordinarily resident in Saorstát Eireann.

3 Irish-owned bodies corporate.

3.—(1) In this Act the expression “Irish-owned body corporate” means a body corporate, constituted within Saorstát Eireann, the issued shares of which are at the relevant time to an extent exceeding one-half (in nominal value) thereof in the beneficial ownership of a person who is or of two or more persons each of whom is at that time either a national of Saorstát Eireann or a body corporate, constituted within Saorstát Eireann, the issued shares of which are at that time to an extent exceeding one-half (in nominal value) thereof in the beneficial ownership of nationals of Saorstát Eireann.

• (2) For the purposes of the immediately preceding sub-section, but not further or otherwise, the following provisions shall have effect, that is to say:—

• (a) where a national of Saorstát Eireann dies and is at the time of his death the beneficial owner of any shares in a body corporate, such shares shall, until the grant of probate of his will or letters of administration of his personal estate, be deemed to continue in the beneficial ownership of a national of Saorstát Eireann, and upon the grant of such probate or letters of administration the personal representative for the time being of such national shall, so long as he is entitled to such shares in his representative capacity, be deemed to be the beneficial owner of such shares and, if he is not a national of Saorstát Eireann, to be a national of Saorstát Eireann; and

• (b) where a national of Saorstát Eireann becomes a bankrupt or carries an arrangement with his creditors and such national was at the time of his bankruptcy or arrangement the beneficial owner of any shares in a body corporate, and his interest in such shares becomes vested in his assignee in bankruptcy or a trustee of the estate of such national as an arranging debtor, such shares shall be deemed, so long as such interest remains so vested, to be in the beneficial ownership of such assignee or trustee, and such assignee or trustee shall, so long as such interest remains so vested, be deemed, if he is not a national of Saorstát Eireann, to be a national of Saorstát Eireann; and

• (c) where a person is for the time being entitled to the income arising from any shares in a body corporate held by a trustee, such person shall, so long as he continues to be entitled to such income, be deemed to be the beneficial owner of such shares; and

• (d) where two or more persons are each for the time being entitled to a proportionate part of the income arising from shares in a particular body corporate or from such shares and other property held by a trustee, each of such persons, so long as he continues to be entitled to a proportion of such income, shall be deemed to be the beneficial owner of a corresponding proportion of such shares; and

• (e) where the issued shares of a body corporate are transferred to a bank, being a body corporate, by way of security for an advance and such bank is registered as the owner of such shares in the register of shareholders of such first-mentioned body corporate, such transfer and registration shall be deemed not to operate to transfer the ownership of such shares to such bank.

4 Moneylending contracts where interest not expressed in terms of a rate.

4.—Where by a contract for the loan of money by a moneylender the interest charged on the loan is not expressed in terms of a rate, any amount paid or payable to the moneylender under the contract shall be appropriated to principal and interest in the proportion that the principal bears to the total amount of the interest, and the rate per cent, per annum represented by the interest charged as calculated in accordance with the provisions of the First Schedule to this Act shall be deemed to be the rate of interest charged on the loan.

5 Licences to be taken out by moneylenders.

5.—(1) Every moneylender, whether carrying on business alone or as a partner in a firm, shall take out annually in respect of every address at which he carries on his business as such a licence (in this Act referred to as a moneylender's licence), which shall expire on the thirty-first day of July in every year.

• (2) Subject to the provisions of this Act, the Revenue Commissioners shall, upon an application being made, in accordance with regulations made by them, for a moneylenders licence and upon payment to them by the applicant of the excise duty for the time being required by law to be paid by persons taking out a moneylender's licence, grant to the applicant a moneylenders licence.

• (3) Every moneylenders licence taken out by a person shall be taken out by such person in his true name, and if any moneylenders licence is taken out by any person in any name other than his true name such licence shall be void.

For the purposes of this sub-section the true name of a limited liability company shall be the name under which such company is incorporated.

• (4) Every moneylenders licence shall be in such form as the Revenue Commissioners may direct and shall state the authorised name and authorised address of the person by whom it is taken out.

• (5) If any person—

• (a) takes out a moneylender's licence in any name other than his true name; or

• (b) carries on business as a moneylender, without having in force a proper moneylender's licence authorising him so to do, or, being licensed as a moneylender, carries on business as such in any name other than his authorised name, or at any other place than his authorised address or addresses; or

• (c) enters into any agreement in the course of his business as a moneylender with respect to the advance or repayment of money, or takes any security for money in the course of his business as a moneylender, otherwise than in his authorised name;

such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to the following penalties, that is to say:—

• (a) if such person is an individual—

• (i) in the case of a first offence, an excise penalty of one hundred pounds, and

• (ii) in the case of a second or any subsequent offence, an excise penalty of one hundred pounds or imprisonment for any term not exceeding three months or both such excise penalty and imprisonment;

• (b) if such person is a company—

• (i) in the case of a first offence, an excise penalty of one hundred pounds, and

• (ii) in the case of a second or any subsequent offence, an excise penalty of five hundred pounds.

6 Certificate required for grant of moneylender's licence.

6.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this section a moneylender's licence shall not be granted except to a person who holds a certificate granted in accordance with the provisions of this section authorising the grant of the licence to that person, and a separate certificate shall be required in respect of every separate licence. Any moneylender's licence granted in contravention of this section shall be void.

• (2) Certificates under this section (in this Act referred to as “certificates”) shall be granted by the Justice of the District Court having jurisdiction in the District Court area in which the moneylender's business is to be carried on.

• (3) A certificate under this section shall not be granted to any applicant unless such applicant produces satisfactory evidence that such applicant, if an individual, is at the date of the application a national of Saorstát Eireann or, if a company, is at the said date an Irish-owned body corporate.

• (4) Every certificate granted to a moneylender shall show his true name and the name under which, and the address at which, he is authorised by the certificate to carry on business as such, and a certificate shall not authorise a moneylender to carry on business at more than one address, or under more than one name, or under any name which includes the word “bank” or otherwise implies that he carries on banking business, and no certificate shall authorise a moneylender to carry on business under any name except—

• (a) his true name; or

• (b) the name of a firm in which he is a partner, not being a firm required by the Registration of Business Names Act, 1916, to be registered; or

• (c) a business name, whether of an individual or of a firm in which he is a partner, under which he or the firm has, at the passing of this Act, been registered for not less than three years both as a moneylender under the Moneylenders Act, 1900, and under the Registration of Business Names Act, 1916.

• (5) A certificate shall come into force on the date specified therein, and shall expire on the next following thirty-first day of July.

• (6) The Minister for Justice shall make rules with respect to the procedure to be followed in making applications for certificates (including the notices to be given of intention to make such an application), and certificates shall be in such form as may be prescribed by the rules so made.

• (7) Every rule made by the Minister for Justice under this section shall be laid before each House of the Oireachtas as soon as may be after it is made and if a resolution is passed by either House of the Oireachtas within the next subsequent twenty-one days on which such House has sat after the rule is laid before it annulling such rule, such rule shall be annulled accordingly, but without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under such rule.

• (8) A certificate shall not be refused except on some one or more of the following grounds:—

• (a) that the grant of the certificate to the applicant is prohibited by sub-section (3) of this section;

• (b) that satisfactory evidence has not been produced of the good character of the applicant, and in the case of a company of the persons responsible for the management thereof;

• (c) that satisfactory evidence has been produced that the applicant, or any person responsible or proposed to be responsible for the management of his business as a moneylender, is not a fit and proper person to hold a certificate;

• (d) that the applicant or any person responsible or proposed to be responsible for the management of his business as a moneylender is by order of a court disqualified for holding a certificate;

• (e) that the applicant has not complied with the provisions of any rules made under this section with respect to applications for certificates;

• (f) that the applicant has failed to satisfy the court that he is a person of financial stability;

• (g) that the applicant is the holder of a bookmaker's licence;

• (h) that the applicant is the holder of a licence for the sale of intoxicating liquor.

• (9) A superintendent of the Gárda Síochána of, or any resident in, the District Court area in which an application for a certificate is made shall have the right to appear in court and oppose the granting of a certificate on any one or more of the grounds mentioned in the last preceding sub-section, and to be heard and to call witnesses in support of his objection.

• (10) Any person aggrieved by the refusal of a Justice of the District Court to grant a certificate may appeal to the Judge of the Circuit Court within whose Circuit the moneylender's business is to be carried on, and the decision of such Judge shall be final and not appealable.

• (11) Whenever an application for a certificate is refused and an appeal from such refusal is lodged, then if the applicant was at the time of making the application the holder of a moneylender's licence, the Revenue Commissioners may, without payment of any duty but subject to such conditions as they may think fit to impose, issue to such applicant a temporary licence for such period not extending beyond the expiration of seven days after the decision of such appeal as they may think fit, and every such temporary licence shall while it remains in force be a moneylender's licence within the meaning of this Act.

7 Suspension and forfeiture of moneylenders' certificates.

7.—(1) Where any person being the holder of a certificate, is convicted of any offence under this Act or under section 2 or 4 of the Betting and Loans (Infants) Act, 1892, or section 4 of the Moneylenders Act, 1900, the court—

• (a) may order that any certificate held by that person, and in the case of a partner in a firm by any other partner in the firm, shall either be suspended for such time as the court thinks fit, or shall be forfeited, and may also, if the court thinks fit, declare any such person, or any person responsible for the management of the money-lending business carried on by the person convicted, to be disqualified for holding a certificate for such time as the court thinks fit; and

• (b) shall cause particulars of the conviction and of any order made by the court under this sub-section to be endorsed on every certificate held by the person convicted or by any other person affected by the order, and shall cause copies of those particulars to be sent to the authority by whom any certificate so endorsed was granted and to the Revenue Commissioners.

• (2) Where by order of a court a certificate held by any person is suspended or forfeited, or any person is disqualified for holding a certificate, he may, whether or not he is the person convicted, appeal against the order in the same manner as any person convicted may appeal against his conviction, and the court may, if it thinks fit, pending the appeal, defer the operation of the order.

• (3) Any certificate required by a court for endorsement in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this section shall be produced, in such manner and within such time as may be directed by the court, by the person by whom it is held, and any person who without reasonable cause, makes default in so producing any certificate so required shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding five pounds for each day during which the default continues.

• (4) Where a certificate held by any person is ordered to be suspended or to be forfeited under the foregoing provisions of this section, any moneylenders licences granted to that person, whether in pursuance of that or any other certificate, shall be suspended during the period for which the certificate is ordered to be suspended or become void, as the case may be.

8 Prohibition of issue of documents implying a moneylender is a banker.

8.—If a moneylender, for the purposes of his business as such, issues or publishes, or causes to be issued or published, any advertisement, circular or document of any kind whatsoever containing expressions which might reasonably be held to imply that he carried on banking business he shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to the following penalties, that is to say:—

• (a) if such person is an individual—

• (i) in the case of a first offence, a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds, and

• (ii) in the case of a second or any subsequent offence, a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds or imprisonment for any term not exceeding three months or both such fine and imprisonment;

• (b) if such person is a company—

• (i) in the case of a first offence, a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds, and

• (ii) in the case of a second or any subsequent offence, a fine not exceeding five hundred pounds.

9 Names to be stated on documents issued by moneylenders.

9.—(1) Sub-section (2) of section 2 of the Companies (Particulars as to Directors) Act, 1917 (which requires certain particulars to be published in trade catalogues, trade circulars, show cards and business letters) shall apply with the necessary modifications to every company licensed under this Act.

• (2) Without prejudice to the provisions of the last foregoing sub-section and of section 18 of the Registration of Business Names Act, 1916, a moneylender shall not, for the purposes of his business as such, issue or publish, or cause to be issued or published, any advertisement, circular, business letter, or other similar document which does not show—

• (a) in such manner as to be not less conspicuous than any other name, the authorised name of the moneylender; and

• (b) except in the case of an advertisement published in a newspaper, any name, other than his authorised name, under which the moneylender, and in the case of a firm any partner therein, was before the commencement of this Act registered as a moneylender under the Moneylenders Act, 1900;

and any moneylender who acts in contravention of this sub-section shall be guilty of an offence under this sub-section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds.

10 Restriction on moneylending advertisements, and prohibition of use of canvassers.

10.—(1) Subject to the provisions of the next following sub-section, no person shall knowingly send or deliver or cause to be sent or delivered to any person in Saorstát Eireann except in response to his written request any circular or other document advertising particulars of the name, address or telephone number of a moneylender, or containing an invitation—

• (a) to borrow money from a moneylender;

• (b) to enter into any transaction involving the borrowing of money from a moneylender;

• (c) to apply to any place with a view to obtaining information or advice as to borrowing any money from a moneylender.

• (2) Notwithstanding anything in the last foregoing sub-section a business card in conformity with the requirements of the last foregoing section may be sent out by post if it contains no addition to the particulars necessary to comply with the said requirements, except any of the following particulars, that is to say, any authorised address at which he carries on business as a moneylender and the telegraphic address and telephone number thereof any address at which he formerly carried on business, a statement that he lends money with or without security, and of the highest and lowest sums that he is prepared to lend, and a statement of the date on which the business carried on by him was first established.

• (3) Subject to the provisions of the next following sub-section, no person shall publish or cause to be published in any newspaper or other printed paper issued periodically for public circulation, or by means of any poster or placard, an advertisement advertising any such particulars, or containing any such invitation, as are or is mentioned in sub-section (1) of this section.

• (4) Notwithstanding anything in the last foregoing sub-section an advertisement in conformity with the requirements of the last foregoing section may be published by or on behalf of a moneylender in any newspaper or in any such paper as aforesaid or by means of a poster or placard exhibited at any authorised address of the moneylender, if it contains no addition to the particulars necessary to comply with the said requirements, except any of the following particulars, that is to say, any authorised address at which he carries on business as a moneylender and the telegraphic address and telephone number thereof, any address at which he formerly carried on business, a statement that he lends money with or without security, and of the highest and lowest sums that he is prepared to lend, and a statement of the date on which the business carried on by him was first established.

• (5) No moneylender or any person on his behalf shall employ any agent or canvasser for the purpose of inviting any person to borrow money or to enter into any transaction involving the borrowing of money from a moneylender, and no person shall act as such agent or canvasser, or demand or receive directly or indirectly any sum or other valuable consideration by way of commission or otherwise for introducing or undertaking to introduce to a moneylender any person desiring to borrow money.

• (6) Where any document issued or published by or on behalf of a moneylender purports to indicate the terms of interest upon which he is willing to make loans or any particular loan, the document shall either express the interest proposed to be charged in terms of a rate per cent, per annum or show the rate per cent. per annum represented by the interest proposed to be charged as calculated in accordance with the provisions of the First Schedule to this Act.

• (7) Any person acting in contravention of any of the provisions of this section shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof, in the case of an individual, to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds or to imprisonment for any term not exceeding one month or to both such fine and imprisonment, and, in the case of a company, to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds.

• (8) Where it is shown that a moneylending transaction was brought about by a contravention of any of the provisions of this section, the transaction shall, notwithstanding that the moneylender was duly licensed under this Act, be illegal, unless the moneylender proves that the contravention occurred without his consent or connivance.

11 Form of moneylenders' contracts.

11.—(1) No contract for the repayment by a borrower of money lent to him or to any agent on his behalf by a moneylender after the commencement of this Act or for the payment by him of interest on money so lent and no security given by the borrower or by any such agent as aforesaid in respect of any such contract shall be enforceable, unless, before the money was lent or before the security was given, as the case may be, a note or memorandum in writing of the contract be made and signed personally by the borrower, or, where the borrower is a married woman not living apart from her husband, by the borrower and her husband, and unless a copy thereof be delivered or sent to the borrower within seven days of the making of the contract.

• (2) The note or memorandum aforesaid shall contain all the terms of the contract, and in particular shall show the date on which the loan is made, the amount of the principal of the loan, and, either the interest charged on the loan expressed in terms of a rate per cent. per annum, or the rate per cent, per annum represented by the interest charged as calculated in accordance with the provisions of the First Schedule to this Act.

12 Prohibition of compound interest.

12.—Any contract made after the commencement of this Act for the loan of money by a moneylender shall be illegal in so far as it provides directly or indirectly for the payment of compound interest or for the rate or amount of interest being increased by reason of any default in the payment of sums due under the contract.

13 Obligation of moneylender to supply information as to state of loan and copies of documents relating thereto.

13.—(1) In respect of every contract for the repayment of money lent by a moneylender, whether made before or after the commencement of this Act, the moneylender shall, on any reasonable demand in writing being made by the borrower at any time during the continuance of the contract and on tender by the borrower of the sum of one shilling for expenses, supply to the borrower, or, if the borrower so requires, to any person specified in that behalf in the demand, a statement signed by the moneylender or his agent showing—

• (a) the date on which the loan was made, the amount of the principal of the loan and the rate per cent, per annum of interest charged; and

• (b) the amount of any payment already received by the moneylender in respect of the loan and the date on which it was made; and

• (c) the amount of every sum due to the moneylender, but unpaid, and the date upon which it became due, and the amount of interest accrued due and unpaid in respect of every such sum; and

• (d) the amount of every sum not yet due which remains outstanding, and the date upon which it will become due.

• (2) A moneylender shall, on any reasonable demand in writing by the borrower, and on tender of a reasonable sum for expenses, supply a copy of any document relating to a loan made by him or any security therefor, to the borrower, or, if the borrower so requires, to any person specified in that behalf in the demand.

• (3) If a moneylender to whom a demand has been made under this section fails without reasonable excuse to comply therewith within one month after the demand has been made, he shall not, so long as the default continues, be entitled to sue for or recover any sum due under the contract on account either of principal or interest, and interest shall not be chargeable in respect of the period of the default, and if such default is made or continued after proceedings have ceased to lie in respect of the loan, the moneylender shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding five pounds for each day during which the default continues.

14 Written communications by moneylenders to borrowers.

14.—(1) It shall not be lawful for any moneylender or the agent of a moneylender to send any written communication, relating to a moneylending transaction, to the borrower or intending borrower, unless such communication is sent in a sealed envelope having written thereon the word ‘personal’ and no other words save and except the name or the name and address of the borrower or intending borrower.

• (2) If any person acts in contravention of this section such person shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds.

15 Visits by moneylenders.

15.—(1) It shall not be lawful for any moneylender or the agent of a moneylender to visit, for purposes connected with a moneylending transaction, the borrower or intending borrower at any place where the borrower or intending borrower is employed or carries on business, unless the borrower or intending borrower resides at such place.

• (2) If any moneylender or agent of a moneylender acts in contravention of this section such moneylender or agent shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds.

16 Provisions as to bankruptcy proceedings for moneylenders loans.

16.—(1) Where a debt due to a moneylender in respect of a loan made by him after the commencement of this Act includes interest, that interest shall, for the purposes of the provisions of the Bankruptcy Acts relating to the presentation of a bankruptcy petition, voting at meetings, compositions and schemes of arrangement, and dividend, be calculated at a rate not exceeding five per cent, per annum, but nothing in the foregoing provision shall prejudice the right of the creditor to receive out of the estate, after all the debts proved in the estate have been paid in full, any higher rate of interest to which he may be entitled.

• (2) No proof or admission of a debt due to a moneylender in respect of a loan made by him shall be admitted for any of the purposes of the Bankruptcy Acts unless there is lodged in Court by the moneylender a statement showing in detail—

• (a) the amount of the sums actually lent to the debtor and the dates on which they were lent, and the amount of every payment already received by the moneylender in respect of the loan and the date on which every such payment was made; and

• (b) the amount of the balance which remains unpaid distinguishing the amount of the principal from the amount of interest included therein, the appropriation between principal and interest being made in accordance with the provisions of this Act where the interest is not expressed by the contract for the loan in terms of a rate; and

• (c) where the amount of interest included in the unpaid balance represents a rate per cent. per annum exceeding five per cent, the amount of interest which would be so included if it were calculated at the rate of five per cent, per annum.

• (3) Rules of court may provide for carrying into effect the objects of this section.

17 Amendments of the Moneylenders Act, 1900.

17.—(1) Where, in any proceedings heard after the commencement of this Act in respect of any money lent by a moneylender after the date of the passing of this Act or in respect of any agreement or security made or taken after the date of the passing of this Act in respect of money lent either before or after the date of the passing of this Act, it is found that the interest charged exceeds the rate of thirty-nine per cent. per annum, or the corresponding rate in respect of any other period, the Court shall conclusively assume for the purposes of section 1 of the Moneylenders Act, 1900, that the interest charged is excessive and that the transaction is harsh and unconscionable, but this provision shall be without prejudice to the powers of the Court under that section where the Court is satisfied that the interest charged, although not exceeding thirty-nine per cent, per annum is excessive.

• (2) Where a Court reopens a transaction of a moneylender under the said section 1 of the Moneylenders Act, 1900, as amended by this Act, the Court may require the moneylender to produce any certificate granted to him in accordance with the provisions of this Act, and may cause such particulars as the Court thinks desirable to be endorsed on any such certificate, and a copy of the particulars to be sent to the authority by whom the certificate was granted.

18 Prohibition of charge for expenses on loans by moneylenders.

18.—Any agreement between a moneylender and a borrower or intending borrower for the payment by the borrower or intending borrower to the moneylender of any sum on account of costs, charges or expenses incidental to or relating to the negotiations for or the granting of the loan or proposed loan shall be illegal, and if any sum is paid to a moneylender by a borrower or intending borrower as for or on account of any such costs, charges or expenses, that sum shall be recoverable as a debt due to the borrower or intending borrower, or in the event of the loan being completed, shall, if not so recovered, be set off against the amount actually lent and that amount shall be deemed to be reduced accordingly.

19 Limitation of time for proceedings in respect of money lent by moneylenders.

19.—(1) No proceedings shall lie for the recovery by a moneylender of any money lent by him after the commencement of this Act or of any interest in respect thereof, or for the enforcement of any agreement made or security taken after the commencement of this Act in respect of any loan made by him, unless the proceedings are commenced before the expiration of three years from the date on which the cause of action accrued:

Provided that—

• (a) if during the period of three years aforesaid or at any time within any subsequent period during which proceedings may by virtue of this proviso be brought, the debtor acknowledges in writing the amount due and gives a written undertaking to the moneylender to pay that amount, proceedings for the recovery of the amount due may be brought at any time within a period of three years from the date of the acknowledgment and undertaking;

• (b) the time limited by the foregoing provisions of this section for the commencement of proceedings shall not begin to run in respect of any payments from time to time becoming due to a moneylender under a contract for the loan of money until a cause of action accrues in respect of the last payment becoming due under the contract;

• (c) if at the date on which the cause of action accrues or on which any such acknowledgment and undertaking as aforesaid is given by the debtor, the person entitled to take the proceedings is non compos mentis, the time limited by the foregoing provisions of this section for the commencement of proceedings shall not begin to run until that person ceases to be non compos mentis or dies, whichever first occurs; and

• (d) if at the date on which the cause of action accrues or on which any such acknowledgment and undertaking as aforesaid is given by the debtor, the debtor is beyond the seas, the time limited by the foregoing provisions of this section for the commencement of proceedings shall not begin to run until he returns from beyond the seas, so however, that section 11 of the Mercantile Law Amendment Act, 1856, (which relates to the limitation of actions against joint debtors where some are beyond seas) shall have effect as if this section were included among the enactments therein referred to as fixing a period of limitation.

20 Determination of moneylending contract by the Court.

20.—Without prejudice to the powers of a Court under section 1 of the Moneylenders Act, 1900, as amended by this Act, if at the time when proceedings are taken by a moneylender in respect of a default in the payment of any sum due to him under a contract for the loan of money, any further amount is outstanding under the contract but not yet due, the court may determine the contract and order the principal outstanding to be paid to the moneylender with such interest thereon, if any, as the court may allow up to the date of payment.

21 Prohibition of moneylending business on Sundays and certain holidays.

21.—No person shall carry on business as a moneylender whether personally or by his agent on Sunday, Christmas Day, Good Friday or Saint Patrick's Day, and any moneylender who acts in contravention of this section shall be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof to a fine not exceeding twenty pounds.

22 Notice and information to be given on assignment of moneylenders' debts.

22.—(1) Where any debt in respect of money lent by a moneylender whether before or after the commencement of this Act or in respect of interest on any such debt or the benefit of any agreement made or security taken in respect of any such debt or interest is assigned to any assignee, the assignor (whether he is the moneylender by whom the money was lent or any person to whom the debt has been previously assigned) shall, before the assignment is made—

• (a) give to the assignee notice in writing that the debt, agreement or security is affected by the operation of this Act; and

• (b) supply to the assignee all information necessary to enable him to comply with the provisions of this Act relating to the obligation to supply information as to the state of loans and copies of documents relating thereto;

and any person acting in contravention of any of the provisions of this section shall be liable to indemnify any other person who is prejudiced by the contravention, and shall also be guilty of an offence under this section and shall be liable on summary conviction thereof, in the case of an individual, to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds or imprisonment for any term not exceeding three months and, in the case of a company, to a fine not exceeding one hundred pounds.

• (2) In this section the expression “assigned” means assigned by any assignment inter vivos other than an assignment by operation of law, and the expressions “assignor” and “assignee” have corresponding meanings.

23 Application of Act as respects assignees.

23.—(1) Subject to the provisions of this section, the provisions of this Act shall continue to apply as respects any debt to a moneylender in respect of money lent by him after the commencement of this Act or in respect of interest on money so lent or of the benefit of any agreement made or security taken in respect of any such debt or interest, notwithstanding that the debt or the benefit of the agreement or security may have been assigned to any assignee, and, except where the context otherwise requires, references in this Act to a moneylender shall accordingly be construed as including any such assignee as aforesaid.

• (2) Notwithstanding anything in this Act·—

• (a) any agreement with, or security taken by, a moneylender in respect of money lent by him after the commencement of this Act shall be valid in favour of any bona fide assignee or holder for value without notice of any defect due to the operation of this Act and of any person deriving title under him; and

• (b) any payment or transfer of money or property made bona fide by any person, whether acting in a fiduciary capacity or otherwise on the faith of the validity of any such, agreement or security without notice of any such defect shall, in favour of that person, be as valid as it would have been if the agreement or security had been valid; and

• (c) the provisions of this Act relating to limitation of time for proceedings in respect of money lent by moneylenders, shall not apply to any proceedings in respect of any such agreement or security commenced by a bona fide assignee or holder for value without notice that the agreement or security was affected by the operation of this Act, or by any person deriving title under him;

but in every such case the moneylender shall be liable to indemnify the borrower, or any other person who is prejudiced by virtue of this section, and nothing in this proviso shall render valid an agreement or security in favour of, or apply to proceedings commenced by, an assignee or holder for value who is himself a moneylender.

• (3) For the purposes of this Act and of the Moneylenders Act, 1900, the provisions of section 3 of the Conveyancing Act, 1882, shall apply as if the expression “purchaser” in the said section included a person making any such payment or transfer as is mentioned in the last foregoing sub-section.

• (4) Nothing in this section shall render valid for any purpose any agreement, security, or other transaction which would, apart from the provisions of this Act, have been void or unenforceable.

24 Repeals.

24.—(1) The enactments set out in the Second Schedule to this Act are hereby repealed to the extent specified in the third column of that Schedule.

• (2) Notwithstanding the repeal of the Moneylenders Act, 1911, effected by this section, section 1 of that Act shall continue in force as respects any agreement with or security taken by a moneylender before the commencement of this Act, or any payment or transfer of money or property made, whether before or after the commencement of this Act, on the faith of the validity of any such agreement or security.

25 Short title, citation and commencement.

25.—(1) This Act may be cited as the Moneylenders Act, 1933, and the Moneylenders Act, 1900, and this Act be cited together as the Moneylenders Acts, 1900 and 1933.

• (2) This Act shall come into force on the 1st day of January, 1934.

FIRST SCHEDULE. Calculation of Interest Where the Interest Charged on a Loan is Not Expressed in Terms of a Rate.

SECOND SCHEDULE. Enactments Repealed.

Session and Chapter	Short Title	Extent of Repeal
63 & 64 Vict. c. 51.	The Moneylenders Act, 1900.	Sections 2 and 3; paragraph (e) of Section 6 the words “registration under.”
1 & 2 Geo. V. c. 38.	The Moneylenders Act, 1911.	The whole Act.