Taxes Consolidation Act 1997

(6) Where there occurs in relation to any of the eligible shares of an eligible employee (in this subsection referred to as “the original holding”) a transaction which results in a new holding (within the meaning of section 584) being equated with the original holding for the purposes of capital gains tax, then, for the purposes of subsection (3)—

(a) the new holding shall be treated as shares in respect of which relief under this section has been given,

(b) the transaction shall not be treated as involving a disposal of the original holding,

(c) the consideration for the disposal of the original holding to the extent that it consists of the new holding shall not be treated as money or money's worth, and

(d) a disposal of the whole or a part of the new holding shall be treated as a disposal of the whole or a corresponding part of the shares in respect of which relief has been given under this section.

(7) Any amount in respect of which relief is allowed under subsection (2) and not withdrawn shall be treated as a sum which by virtue of section 554 is to be excluded from the sums allowable under section 552.

(8) An eligible employee shall not be entitled to relief under subsection (2) in respect of any shares unless the shares are subscribed for and issued for bona fide commercial reasons and not as part of a scheme or arrangement the main purpose or one of the main purposes of which is the avoidance of tax.

480 Relief for certain sums chargeable under Schedule E. [FA68 s3; FA72 Sch PtIII par4; FA74 s11 and s64(2) and SchI PtII; FA97 s146(1) and Sch9 PtI par5(3)]

480.—(1) (a) In this section—

“director” and “proprietary director” have the same meanings respectively as in section 472;

“employee”, in relation to a body corporate, includes any person taking part in the management of the affairs of the body corporate who is not a director, and includes a person who is to be or has been an employee;

“part-time director”, in relation to a body corporate, means a director who is not required to devote substantially the whole of his or her time to the service of the body corporate;

“proprietary employee”, in relation to a company, means an employee who is the beneficial owner of, or able, either directly or through the medium of other companies or by any other indirect means, to control, more than 15 per cent of the ordinary share capital of the company.

(b) For the purposes of the definitions of “proprietary director” and “proprietary employee”, ordinary share capital which is owned or controlled as referred to in those definitions by a person, being a spouse or a minor child of a director or employee, or by a trustee of a trust for the benefit of a person or persons, being or including any such person or such director or employee, shall be deemed to be owned or controlled by such director or employee and not by any other person.

(2) (a) Subject to paragraph (b), this section shall apply to any payment which is chargeable to tax under Schedule E and made to the holder of an office or employment to compensate for—

(i) a reduction or a possible reduction of future remuneration arising from a reorganisation of the business of the employer under whom the office or employment is held or a change in the working procedures, working methods, duties or rates of remuneration of such office or employment, or

(ii) a change in the place where the duties of the office or employment are performed.

(b) This section shall not apply to—

(i) a payment to which section 123 applies, or

(ii) a payment to—

(I) a proprietary director,

(II) a part-time director,

(III) a proprietary employee, or

(IV) a person who is a part-time employee by reason of not being required to devote substantially the whole of his or her time to the service of his or her employer.

(3) Where an individual has received a payment to which this section applies, the individual shall be entitled, on making a claim in that behalf and on proof of the relevant facts to the satisfaction of the inspector, to have the total amount of income tax payable by the individual for the year of assessment for which the payment is chargeable reduced to the total of the following amounts—

(a) the amount of income tax which would have been payable by him or her for that year if he or she had not received the payment, and

(b) income tax on the whole of the payment at the rate ascertained in the manner specified in subsection (4).

(4) There shall be ascertained the additional income tax, over and above the amount referred to in subsection (3)(a), which would have been payable by the holder of the office or employment if his or her total income for the year of assessment referred to in subsection (3) had included one-third only of the payment, and the rate of income tax for the purposes of subsection (3)(b) shall then be ascertained by dividing the additional income tax computed in accordance with this subsection by an amount equal to one-third of the payment.

(5) (a) Relief from tax under this section shall in all cases be given by means of repayment.

(b) A claimant shall not be entitled to relief under this section in respect of any income the tax on which he or she is entitled to charge against any other person, or to deduct, retain or satisfy out of any payment which he or she is liable to make to any other person.

CHAPTER 2 Income tax and corporation tax: reliefs applicable to both

481 Relief for investment in films. [FA87 s35(1) to (20); FA96 s31(1); FA97 s30]

481.—(1) In this section—

“allowable investor company”, in relation to a qualifying company, means a company which is not connected with the qualifying company;

“authorised officer” means an officer of the Revenue Commissioners authorised by them in writing for the purposes of this section;

“film” means—

(a) as respects a film in respect of which the Minister did not receive before the 29th day of April, 1997, the application to enable the Minister to consider whether a certificate should be given under subsection (2)(a), a film of a kind which is included within the categories of films eligible for certification as set out in guidelines referred to in subsection (2), or

(b) as respects any other film, a film which is produced—

(i) on a commercial basis with a view to the realisation of profit, and

(ii) wholly or principally for exhibition to the public in cinemas or by means of television broadcasting,

but does not include a film made for exhibition as an advertising programme or as a commercial;

“the Minister” means the Minister for Arts, Heritage, Gaeltacht and the Islands;

“qualifying company” means a company which—

(a) is incorporated in the State,

(b) is resident in the State and not resident elsewhere,

(c) exists solely for the purposes of the production and distribution of only one qualifying film, and

(d) does not contain in its name registered under either or both the Companies Acts, 1963 to 1990, or the Registration of Business Names Act, 1963, the words “Ireland”, “Irish”, “Éireann”, “Éire” or “national”,

but paragraph (d) shall apply only as respects a film (being the film the company exists for the production and distribution of) in respect of which the Minister did not receive before the 29th day of April, 1997, the application to enable the Minister to consider whether a certificate should be given under subsection (2)(a);

“qualifying film” means a film in respect of which the Minister has given a certificate under subsection (2) which has not been revoked under that subsection;

“qualifying individual”, in relation to a qualifying company, means an individual who is not connected with the company;

“qualifying period”—

(a) in relation to an allowable investor company, means the period commencing on the 23rd day of January, 1996, and ending on the 22nd day of January, 1999, and

(b) in relation to a qualifying individual, means the period commencing on the 23rd day of January, 1996, and ending on the 5th day of April, 1999;

“relevant deduction” means a deduction of an amount equal to 80 per cent of a relevant investment;

“relevant investment” means a sum of money which is—

(a) paid in the qualifying period to a qualifying company in respect of shares in the company by an allowable investor company on its own behalf or by a qualifying individual on that individual's own behalf, and is paid by the allowable investor company or by the qualifying individual, as the case may be, directly to the qualifying company,

(b) paid by the allowable investor company or the qualifying individual, as the case may be, for the purposes of enabling the qualifying company to produce a film in respect of which, at the time such sum of money is paid, the Minister has given notice in writing to the qualifying company that the Minister is satisfied for the time being that an application in writing containing such information as may be specified in guidelines referred to in subsection (2) has been made to enable the Minister to consider whether a certificate should be given to that company under that subsection, and

(c) used by the qualifying company within 2 years of the receipt of that sum for those purposes, but does not include a sum of money paid to the qualifying company on terms which provide that it will be repaid, other than a provision for its repayment in the event of the Minister not giving a certificate under subsection (2), and a reference to the making of a relevant investment shall be construed as a reference to the payment of such a sum to a qualifying company.

2) (a) (i) Subject to subparagraph (ii), the Minister, on the making of an application by a qualifying company, may, in accordance with guidelines laid down by the Minister with the consent of the Minister for Finance, give a certificate to a qualifying company stating, in relation to a film to be produced by the company, that the film may be treated as a qualifying film for the purposes of this section.

(ii) In relation to a film in respect of which the Minister did not receive before the 29th day of April, 1997, the application to enable the Minister to consider whether a certificate should be given under this paragraph, nothing in this section shall be construed as obliging the Minister to give a certificate under this paragraph, and in any case where, in relation to a film, the principal photography has commenced, the first animation drawings have commenced or the first model movement has commenced, as the case may be, before application is made by a qualifying company, the Minister shall not give a certificate under this paragraph.

(iii) An application under this section shall be in such form as the Minister may direct and shall contain such information as may be specified in the guidelines referred to in subparagraph (i).

(b) A certificate given by the Minister under paragraph (a) shall be subject to such conditions as the Minister may consider proper (having regard, in particular, to any contribution which the production of the film is expected to make to either or both the development of the film industry in the State and the promotion and expression of Irish culture) and specifies in the certificate, including—

(i) a condition that not less than—

(I) 75 per cent, or

(II) such lower percentage, not being less than 10 per cent, which in accordance with guidelines laid down under paragraph (a) the Minister specifies in the certificate,

of the work on the production of the film is carried out in the State,

(ii) subject to paragraph (c), a condition that the amount per cent of the total cost of production of the film which may be met by relevant investments shall not exceed the amount per cent (in paragraph (c) referred to as “the specified percentage”) specified in the certificate, and

(iii) a condition that the qualifying company shall, in respect of the qualifying film concerned, notify the Minister in writing of when the principal photography has commenced, the first animation drawings have commenced or the first model movement has commenced, as appropriate.

(c) (i) Subject to subparagraphs (ii) and (iii), the specified percentage shall not exceed—

(I) where the total cost of production of the film does not exceed £4,000,000, 60 per cent,

(II) where the total cost of production of the film exceeds £4,000,000 and does not exceed £5,000,000, the amount per cent (in this subparagraph referred to as “the allowable percentage”) where the amount of the allowable percentage is determined by the formula—

60	E __ £100,000

where E is the excess of the total cost of production of the film over £4,000,000, and

(III) where the total cost of production of the film exceeds £5,000,000, 50 per cent;

but, in any case to which clause (I), (II) or (III) relates, the total cost of production of the film which is met by relevant investments shall not exceed £7,500,000, and where the percentage of the work on the production of the film carried out in the State (in this paragraph referred to as the “lower percentage”) is less than 50 per cent, this paragraph shall be construed as if the reference to 60 per cent, the reference to the allowable percentage and the reference to 50 per cent were a reference to the lower percentage.

(ii) (I) In relation to a film (other than an animation film) in respect of which the principal photography commences at any time during the months of October, November, December and January, and the production of the film continues to completion without unreasonable delay from that time, or

(II) in relation to a film in respect of which post production work is to be carried out wholly or mainly in the State,

the references in subparagraph (i) to—

(A) 60 per cent shall be construed as a reference to 66 per cent,

(B) 50 per cent shall be construed as a reference to 55 per cent, and

(C) £7,500,000 shall be construed as a reference to £8,250,000.

(iii) In relation to a film in respect of which not less than one-half of the amount of the total cost of production met by relevant investments has been met by relevant investments paid by allowable investor companies, the references in this paragraph (apart from this subparagraph) to—

(I) £7,500,000 shall be treated as a reference to £15,000,000 and

(II) £8,250,000 shall be treated as a reference to £16,500,000.

(d) The Minister may amend or revoke any condition (including a condition added by virtue of this paragraph) specified in the certificate, or add to such conditions, by giving notice in writing to the qualifying company concerned of the amendment, revocation or addition, and this section shall apply as if—

(i) a condition so amended or added by the notice was specified in the certificate, and

(ii) a condition so revoked was not specified in the certificate.

(e) Where a company fails to comply with any of the conditions to which a certificate issued to it under paragraph (a) is subject by virtue of paragraph (b) or (d)—

(i) that failure shall constitute the failure of an event to happen by reason of which relief is to be withdrawn under subsection (11), and

(ii) the Minister may, by notice in writing served by registered post on the company, revoke the certificate.

(3) Subject to this section, where in an accounting period an allowable investor company makes a relevant investment, it shall, on making a claim in that behalf, be given a relevant deduction from its total profits for the accounting period; but, where the amount of the relevant deduction to which the allowable investor company is entitled under this section in an accounting period exceeds its profits for that accounting period, an amount equal to 125 per cent of the amount of that excess shall be carried forward to the succeeding accounting period and the amount so carried forward shall be treated for the purposes of this section as if it were a relevant investment made in that succeeding accounting period.

(4) (a) Subject to paragraph (b), where in any period of 12 months (in paragraph (b) referred to as a “12 month period”) ending on an anniversary of the 22nd day of January, 1996, the amount or the aggregate amount of the relevant investments made, or treated as made, by an allowable investor company, or by such company and all companies (which other companies are referred to in paragraph (b) as “connected companies”) which at any time in that period would be regarded as connected with such company, exceeds £8,000,000—

(i) no relief shall be given under this section in respect of the amount of the excess, and

(ii) where there is more than one relevant investment, the inspector or, on appeal, the Appeal Commissioners shall make such apportionment of the relief available as shall be just and reasonable to allocate to each relevant investment a due proportion of the relief available and, where necessary, to grant to each allowable investor company concerned an amount of relief proportionate to the amount of the relevant investment or the aggregate amount of the relevant investments made by it in the period.

(b) No relief shall be given under this section in respect of the amount or the aggregate amount of the relevant investments (in this paragraph referred to as “the total amount”) made by an allowable investor company and its connected companies—

(i) to the extent that the amount of the relevant investment, or the total amount made in any one qualifying company, exceeds £3,000,000, and

(ii) where in any 12 month period the total amount exceeds £3,000,000, to the extent that the excess comprises a relevant investment or relevant investments made in a qualifying company to enable the company to produce a film, the total cost of production of which exceeds £4,000,000.

(5) Subject to this section, where in any year of assessment a qualifying individual makes a relevant investment, the individual shall, on making a claim in that behalf, be given a relevant deduction from his or her total income for that year of assessment.

(6) A relevant deduction shall not be given under this section in respect of any relevant investment made by a qualifying individual in a qualifying company in any year of assessment unless the amount of that relevant investment or the total amount of the relevant investments made by the individual in the qualifying company in that year is £200 or more and, for the purposes of this section in the case of a qualifying individual who is married and is assessed to tax for a year of assessment in accordance with section 1017, any relevant investment made by the qualifying individual's spouse in the qualifying company in that year of assessment shall be deemed to have been made by the qualifying individual.

(7) A relevant deduction shall not be given to a qualifying individual under this section for a year of assessment to the extent to which the amount of the relevant investment or the total amount of the relevant investments (whether or not made in the same qualifying company) made or treated as made by the individual in that year of assessment exceeds £25,000.

(8) Where for any year of assessment a greater relevant deduction would be given to a qualifying individual under this section but for either or both of the following reasons—

(a) an insufficiency of total income, or

(b) the operation of subsection (7),

then, 125 per cent of the relevant deduction which cannot be given to the individual under this section for either or both of those reasons shall be carried forward to the next year of assessment and shall be treated for the purposes of this section as a relevant investment made by the individual in that next year; but an amount shall not be carried forward to any year of assessment after the year 1998-99.

(9) To the extent that an amount once carried forward to a year of assessment under subsection (8) (and treated as a relevant investment made by a qualifying individual in that year of assessment) gives rise to a relevant deduction which is not deducted from the qualifying individual's total income for that year of assessment, the amount shall to that extent be carried forward again to the next year of assessment (and treated as a relevant investment made by the individual in that next year), and so on for succeeding years of assessment; but an amount shall not be carried forward to any year of assessment after the year 1998-99.

(10) A relevant deduction under this section shall be given to a qualifying individual for any year of assessment as follows—

(a) in the first instance, in respect of an amount of relevant investment carried forward from an earlier year of assessment in accordance with subsection (8) or (9), and, in respect of such an amount so carried forward, for an earlier year of assessment in priority to a later year of assessment, and

(b) only thereafter, in respect of any other amount of relevant investment in respect of which a relevant deduction is to be given in that year of assessment.

(11) (a) A claim to relief under this section may be allowed at any time after the time specified in paragraph (b) in respect of the payment of a sum to a qualifying company, which, if it is used, within 2 years of its being paid, by the qualifying company for the production of a qualifying film, will be a relevant investment, if all the conditions for relief are or will be satisfied; but the relief shall be withdrawn if, by reason of the happening of any subsequent event including the revocation by the Minister of a certificate under subsection (2) or the failure of an event to happen which at the time the relief was given was expected to happen, the company or the individual, as the case may be, making the claim was not entitled to the relief allowed.

(b) The time referred to in paragraph (a) is the time when all of the following events have occurred—

(i) the payment in respect of which relief is claimed has been made, and

(ii) in relation to the qualifying film the principal photography has commenced, the first animation drawings have commenced or the first model movement has commenced, as appropriate.

(12) A claim for relief in respect of a relevant investment in a company shall not be allowed unless it is accompanied by a certificate issued by the company in such form as the Revenue Commissioners may direct and certifying that the conditions for the relief, in so far as they apply to the company and the qualifying film, are or will be satisfied in relation to that investment.

(13) Before issuing a certificate for the purposes of subsection (12), a company shall furnish the authorised officer with—

(a) a statement to the effect that it satisfies or will satisfy the conditions for the relief in so far as they apply in relation to the company and a film,

(b) a copy of any notification required to be given to the Minister under subsection (2)(b)(iii),

(c) a copy of the certificate, including a copy of any notice given by the Minister amending, revoking or adding a condition to that certificate, under subsection (2) in respect of the film, and

(d) such other information as the Revenue Commissioners may reasonably require.

(14) A certificate to which subsection (12) relates shall not be issued without the authority of the authorised officer.

(15) Any statement under subsection (13) shall—

(a) contain such information as the Revenue Commissioners may reasonably require,

(b) be in such form as the Revenue Commissioners may direct, and

(c) contain a declaration that it is correct to the best of the company's knowledge and belief.

(16) Where a company has issued a certificate for the purposes of subsection (12) or furnished a statement under subsection (13) and either—

(a) the certificate or statement was made fraudulently or negligently, or

(b) the certificate was issued in contravention of subsection (14),

then—

(i) the company shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding £500 or, in the case of fraud, not exceeding £1,000, and such penalty may, without prejudice to any other method of recovery, be proceeded for and recovered summarily in the like manner as in summary proceedings for the recovery of any fine or penalty under any Act relating to the excise, and

(ii) no relief shall be given under this section and, if any such relief has been given, it shall be withdrawn.

(17) For the purpose of regulations made under section 986, no regard shall be had to the relief unless a claim for it has been duly made and admitted.

(18) An allowable investor company or a qualifying individual shall not be entitled to relief in respect of a relevant investment unless the relevant investment—

(a) has been made for bona fide commercial reasons and not as part of a scheme or arrangement the main purpose or one of the main purposes of which is the avoidance of tax,

(b) has been or will be used in the production of a qualifying film, and

(c) is made at the risk of the allowable investor company or the qualifying individual, as the case may be, and—

(i) in a case where it is made by an allowable investor company, neither the company nor any person who would be regarded as connected with the company, or

(ii) in a case where it is made by a qualifying individual, neither the individual nor any person who would be regarded as connected with the individual,

is entitled to receive any payment in money or money's worth or other benefit directly or indirectly borne by or attributable to the qualifying company, other than a payment made on an arm's length basis for goods or services supplied or a payment out of the proceeds of exploiting the film to which the allowable investor company or the qualifying individual, as the case may be, is entitled under the terms subject to which the relevant investment is made.

(19) Where any relief has been given under this section which is subsequently found not to have been due or is to be withdrawn by virtue of subsection (11) or (16), that relief shall be withdrawn by making an assessment to corporation tax or income tax, as the case may be, under Case IV of Schedule D for the accounting period or accounting periods, or the year of assessment or years of assessment, as the case may be, in which relief was given and, notwithstanding anything in the Tax Acts, such an assessment may be made at any time.

(20) (a) In this subsection, “new ordinary shares” means new ordinary shares forming part of the ordinary share capital of a qualifying company which, throughout the period of one year commencing on the date such shares are issued, carry no present or future preferential right to dividends, or to a company's assets on its winding up, and no present or future preferential right to be redeemed.

(b) Subject to paragraph (d), where an allowable investor company is entitled to relief under this section in respect of any sum or any part of a sum, or would be so entitled on making due claim, as a relevant deduction from its total profits for any accounting period, it shall not be entitled to any relief for that sum or that part of a sum, in computing its income or profits, or as a deduction from its income or profits, for any accounting period under any other provision of the Corporation Tax Acts or the Capital Gains Tax Acts.

(c) Subject to paragraph (d), where a qualifying individual is entitled to relief under this section in respect of any sum or any part of a sum, or would be so entitled on making due claim, as a relevant deduction from his or her total income for any year of assessment—

(i) the individual shall not be entitled to any relief for that sum or that part of a sum in computing his or her total income, or as a deduction from his or her total income, for any year of assessment under any other provision of the Income Tax Acts, and

(ii) so much of that sum or that part of a sum as is equal to the amount of the relevant deduction given in relation thereto shall be treated as a sum which by virtue of section 554, is to be excluded from the sums allowable as a deduction in the computation of gains and losses for the purposes of the Capital Gains Tax Acts.

(d) Where an allowable investor company or a qualifying individual has made a relevant investment by means of a subscription for new ordinary shares of a qualifying company and none of those shares is disposed of by the allowable investor company or the qualifying individual, as the case may be, within one year of their acquisition by that company or that individual, as the case may be, then, the sums allowable as deductions from the consideration in the computation for the purpose of capital gains tax of the gain or loss accruing to the company or the individual, as the case may be, on the disposal of those shares shall be determined without regard to any relief under this section which the company or the individual, as the case may be, has obtained, or would be entitled on due claim to obtain, except that where those sums exceed the consideration they shall be reduced by an amount equal to the lesser of—

(i) the amount of the relevant deduction allowed to the allowable investor company or the qualifying individual, as the case may be, under this section in respect of the subscription for those shares, and

(ii) the amount of the excess;

but, if the disposal of shares is by a qualifying individual and the disposal is within section 1028(5), this paragraph shall not apply.

(21) This section shall apply subject to paragraph 22 of Schedule 32, which contains certain transitional provisions in relation to relief under this section.

482 Relief for expenditure on significant buildings and gardens. [FA82 s19; FA93 s29; FA94 s18; FA95 s20; FA97 s17]

482.—(1) (a) In this section—

“approved building” means a building to which subsection (5) applies;

“approved garden” means a garden (other than a garden, being land occupied or enjoyed with an approved building as part of its garden or grounds of an ornamental nature) which, on application to the Minister and the Revenue Commissioners in that behalf by a person who owns or occupies the garden, is determined—

(i) by the Minister to be a garden which is intrinsically of significant horticultural, scientific, historical, architectural or aesthetic interest, and

(ii) by the Revenue Commissioners to be a garden to which reasonable access is afforded to the public;

“approved object”, in relation to an approved building, has the meaning assigned to it by subsection (6);

“authorised person” means—

(i) an inspector or other officer of the Revenue Commissioners authorised by them in writing for the purposes of this section, or

(ii) a person authorised by the Minister in writing for the purposes of this section;

“chargeable period” has the same meaning as in section 321(2);

“the Minister” means the Minister for Arts, Heritage, Gaeltacht and the Islands;

“public place”, in relation to an approved building in use as a tourist accommodation facility, means a part of the building to which all patrons of the facility have access;

“qualifying expenditure”, in relation to an approved building, means expenditure incurred by the person who owns or occupies the approved building on one or more of the following—

(i) the repair, maintenance or restoration of the approved building or the maintenance or restoration of any land occupied or enjoyed with the approved building as part of its garden or grounds of an ornamental nature, and

(ii) to the extent that the aggregate expenditure in a chargeable period, being the year 1997-98 and any subsequent year of assessment, or an accounting period of a company beginning on or after the 6th day of April, 1997, does not exceed £5,000—

(I) the repair, maintenance or restoration of an approved object in the approved building,

(II) the installation, maintenance or replacement of a security alarm system in the approved building, and

(III) public liability insurance for the approved building;

“relevant expenditure”, in relation to an approved garden, means—

(i) in the case of expenditure incurrred in a chargeable period, being the year 1997-98 and any subsequent year of assessment, or an accounting period of a company beginning on or after the 6th day of April, 1997, expenditure incurred by the person who owns or occupies the approved garden on one or more of the following—

(I) the maintenance or restoration of the approved garden, and

(II) to the extent that the aggregate expenditure in a chargeable period does not exceed £5,000—

(A) the repair, maintenance or restoration of an approved object in the approved garden,

(B) the installation, maintenance or replacement of a security alarm system in the approved garden, and

(C) public liability insurance for the approved garden, and

(ii) in any other case, expenditure on the maintenance or restoration of the garden;

“security alarm system” means an electrical apparatus installed as a fixture in the approved building or in the approved garden which when activated is designed to give notice to the effect that there is an intruder present or attempting to enter the approved building or the approved garden, as the case may be, in which it is installed;

“tourist accommodation facility” means an accommodation facility—

(i) registered in the register of guest houses maintained and kept by Bord Fáilte Éireann under Part III of the Tourist Traffic Act, 1939, or

(ii) listed in the list published or caused to be published by Bord Fáilte Éireann under section 9 of the Tourist Traffic Act, 1957.

(b) For the purposes of this section, expenditure shall not be regarded as having been incurred in so far as any sum in respect of or by reference to the work to which the expenditure relates has been or is to be received directly or indirectly by the person making a claim in respect of the expenditure under subsection (2) from the State, from any public or local authority, from any other person or under any contract of insurance or by means of compensation or otherwise.

(c) For the purposes of this section, references to an approved building, unless the contrary intention is expressed, shall be construed as including a reference to any land occupied or enjoyed with an approved building as part of its garden or grounds of an ornamental nature.

(2) (a) Subject to this section, where a person (in this section referred to as “the claimant”), having made a claim in that behalf, proves that the conditions specified in paragraph (b) have been met, then, the Tax Acts shall apply as if the amount of the qualifying expenditure referred to in subparagraph (i) of paragraph (b) were a loss sustained in the chargeable period referred to in that subparagraph in a trade carried on by the claimant separate from any trade actually carried on by the claimant.

(b) The conditions referred to in paragraph (a) are—

(i) that the claimant has incurred in a chargeable period qualifying expenditure in relation to an approved building,

(ii) that the claimant has on or before the 1st day of January in the chargeable period in respect of which the claim is made and in each of the chargeable periods comprising whichever is the shortest of the following periods—

(I) the period consisting of the chargeable periods since the 23rd day of May, 1994,

(II) the period consisting of the chargeable periods since a determination under subsection (5)(a)(ii) was made in relation to the building,

(III) the period consisting of the chargeable periods since the approved building was purchased or occupied by the claimant,

(IV) the period consisting of the 5 chargeable periods immediately preceding the chargeable period for which the claim is made,

provided Bord Fáilte Éireann (in this paragraph referred to as “the Board”) with particulars of—

(A) the name, if any, and address of the approved building, and

(B) the days and times during the year when access to the approved building is afforded to the public or the period or periods during the year when the approved building is in use as a tourist accommodation facility, as the case may be,

such particulars being provided to the Board on the understanding by the person and the Board that they may be published by the Board or by another body concerned with the promotion of tourism, and

(iii) where the approved building was in use as a tourist accommodation facility in any of the chargeable periods applicable for the purposes of subparagraph (ii), that the approved building was registered in the register of guest houses maintained and kept by the Board under Part III of the Tourist Traffic Act, 1939, or listed in the list published or caused to be published by the Board under section 9 of the Tourist Traffic Act, 1957, in those chargeable periods.

(c) Relief authorised by this subsection shall not apply for any chargeable period before the chargeable period in which the application concerned is made to the Revenue Commissioners under subsection (5)(a).

(3) (a) Where—

(i) by virtue of subsection (2), qualifying expenditure in a chargeable period is treated as if it were a loss sustained in the chargeable period in a trade carried on by the person separate from any trade actually carried on by that person, and

(ii) owing to an insufficiency of income, relief under the Tax Acts cannot be given for any part of the qualifying expenditure so treated (in this subsection referred to as “the unrelieved amount”),

then, the Tax Acts shall apply as if the unrelieved amount were a loss sustained in the following chargeable period in a trade carried on by the person separate from any trade actually carried on by that person.

(b) Where owing to an insufficiency of income relief under the Tax Acts cannot be given by virtue of paragraph (a) for any part of the unrelieved amount, then, the Tax Acts shall apply as if that part of the unrelieved amount were a loss sustained in the chargeable period following the period referred to in paragraph (a) in a trade carried on by the person separate from any trade actually carried on by that person.

(c) Where in any chargeable period relief under the Tax Acts is due by virtue of 2 or more of the following provisions, that is, subsection (2) and paragraphs (a) and (b), then, the following provisions shall apply:

(i) any relief due under those Acts by virtue of paragraph (b) shall be given in priority to any relief due under those Acts by virtue of subsection (2) or paragraph (a), and

(ii) where relief has been given in accordance with subparagraph (i) or where no such relief is due, any relief due under those Acts by virtue of paragraph (a) shall be given in priority to relief due under those Acts by virtue of subsection (2).

(4) No relief shall be allowed under this section for expenditure in respect of which relief may be claimed under any other provision of the Tax Acts.

(5) (a) This subsection shall apply to a building in the State which, on application to the Minister and the Revenue Commissioners in that behalf by a person who owns or occupies the building, is determined—

(i) by the Minister to be a building which is intrinsically of significant scientific, historical, architectural or aesthetic interest, and

(ii) by the Revenue Commissioners to be a building either—

(I) to which reasonable access is afforded to the public, or

(II) which is in use as a tourist accommodation facility for at least 6 months in any calendar year (in this subsection referred to as “the required period”) including not less than 4 months in the period commencing on the 1st day of May and ending on the 30th day of September in any such year.

(b) Without prejudice to the generality of the requirement that reasonable access be afforded to the public, access to a building shall not be regarded as being reasonable access afforded to the public unless—

(i) access to the whole or a substantial part of the building is afforded at the same time,

(ii) subject to temporary closure necessary for the purposes of the repair, maintenance or restoration of the building, access is so afforded for not less than 60 days (including not less than 40 days during the period commencing on the 1st day of May and ending on the 30th day of September) in any year and on each such day access is afforded in a reasonable manner and at reasonable times for a period, or periods in the aggregate, of not less than 4 hours, and

(iii) the price, if any, paid by the public in return for that access is in the opinion of the Revenue Commissioners reasonable in amount and does not operate to preclude the public from seeking access to the building.

(c) Where under paragraph (a) the Minister makes a determination in relation to a building and, by reason of any alteration made to the building or any deterioration of the building subsequent to the determination being made, the Minister considers that the building is no longer a building which is intrinsically of significant scientific, historical, architectural or aesthetic interest, the Minister may, by notice in writing given to the owner or occupier of the building, revoke the determination with effect from the date on which the Minister considers that the building ceased to be a building which is intrinsically of significant scientific, historical, architectural or aesthetic interest, and this subsection shall cease to apply to the building from that date.

(d) Where under paragraph (a) the Revenue Commissioners make a determination in relation to a building, and reasonable access to the building ceases to be afforded to the public or the building ceases to be used as a tourist accommodation facility for the required period, as the case may be, the Revenue Commissioners may, by notice in writing given to the owner or occupier of the building, revoke the determination with effect from the date on which they consider that such access or such use, as the case may be, so ceased, and—

(i) this subsection shall cease to apply to the building from that date, and

(ii) if relief has been given under this section in respect of qualifying expenditure incurred in relation to that building in the period of 5 years ending on the date from which the revocation has effect, that relief shall be withdrawn and there shall be made all such assessments or additional assessments as are necessary to give effect to this subsection.

(e) Where—

(i) the Revenue Commissioners make a determination (in this paragraph referred to as the “first-mentioned determination”) that a building is either a building to which reasonable access is afforded to the public or a building which is in use as a tourist accommodation facility for the required period,

(ii) such access ceases to be so afforded or such building ceases to be so used, as the case may be, in a chargeable period subsequent to the chargeable period in which the first-mentioned determination was made, and

(iii) on application to them in that chargeable period in that behalf by the person who owns or occupies the building, the Revenue Commissioners revoke the first-mentioned determination and make a further determination (in this paragraph referred to as the “second-mentioned determination”) with effect from the date of revocation of the first-mentioned determination—

(I) in the case of a building in respect of which a determination was made that it is a building to which reasonable access is afforded to the public, that the building is a building which is in use as a tourist accommodation facility for the required period, or

(II) in the case of a building in respect of which a determination was made that it is a building which is in use as a tourist accommodation facility for the required period, that the building is a building to which reasonable access is afforded to the public,

then, paragraph (d) shall not apply on the revocation of the first-mentioned determination and for the purposes of that paragraph the second-mentioned determination shall be treated as having been made at the time of the making of the first-mentioned determination.

(6) (a) In this subsection, “approved object”, in relation to an approved building, means an object (including a picture, sculpture, print, book, manuscript, piece of jewellery, furniture, or other similar object) or a scientific collection which is owned by the owner or occupier of the approved building and which, on application to them in that behalf by that person, is determined—

(i) by the Minister, after consideration of any evidence in relation to the matter which such owner or occupier submits to the Minister and after such consultation (if any) as may seem to the Minister to be necessary with such person or body of persons as in the opinion of the Minister may be of assistance to the Minister, to be an object which is intrinsically of significant national, scientific, historical or aesthetic interest, and

(ii) by the Revenue Commissioners, to be an object reasonable access to which is afforded, and in respect of which reasonable facilities for viewing are provided, in the building to the public.

(b) Without prejudice to the generality of the requirement that reasonable access be afforded, and that reasonable facilities for viewing be provided, to the public, access to and facilities for the viewing of an object shall not be regarded as being reasonable access afforded, or the provision of reasonable facilities for viewing, to the public unless, subject to such temporary removal as is necessary for the purposes of the repair, maintenance or restoration of the object as is reasonable—

(i) in a case where the approved building is a tourist accommodation facility, the object is displayed in a public place in the building, or

(ii) in the case of any other approved building—

(I) access to the object is afforded and such facilities for viewing the object are provided to the public on the same days and at the same times as access is afforded to the public to the approved building in which the object is kept, and

(II) the price, if any, paid by the public in return for such access is in the opinion of the Revenue Commissioners reasonable in amount and does not operate to preclude the public from seeking access to the object.

(c) Where under paragraph (a) the Minister makes a determination in relation to an object and, by reason of any alteration made to the object, or any deterioration of the object, subsequent to the determination being made, the Minister considers that the object is no longer an object which is intrinsically of significant national, scientific, historical or aesthetic interest, the Minister may, by notice in writing given to the owner or occupier of the building, revoke the determination with effect from the date on which the Minister considers that the object ceased to be an object which is intrinsically of significant national, scientific, historical or aesthetic interest, and this subsection shall cease to apply to the object from that date.

(d) Where under paragraph (a) the Revenue Commissioners make a determination in relation to an object and—

(i) reasonable access to the object ceases to be afforded, or reasonable facilities for the viewing of the object cease to be provided, to the public, or

(ii) the object ceases to be owned by the person to whom relief in respect of that qualifying expenditure has been granted under this section,

the Revenue Commissioners may, by notice in writing given to the owner or occupier of the approved building in which the object is or was kept, revoke that determination with effect from the date on which they consider that such access, such facilities for viewing or such ownership, as the case may be, so ceased, and—

(I) this subsection shall cease to apply to the object from that date, and

(II) if relief has been given under this section in respect of qualifying expenditure incurred in relation to that object in the period of 2 years ending on the date from which the revocation has effect, that relief shall be withdrawn and there shall be made all such assessments or additional assessments as are necessary to give effect to this subsection.

(7) (a) Where a person makes a claim under subsection (2), an authorised person may at any reasonable time enter the building in respect of which the qualifying expenditure has been incurred for the purpose of inspecting, as the case may be, the building or an object or of examining any work in respect of which the expenditure to which the claim relates was incurred.

(b) Whenever an authorised person exercises any power conferred on him or her by this subsection, the authorised person shall on request produce his or her authorisation for the purposes of this section to any person concerned.

(c) Any person who obstructs or interferes with an authorised person in the course of exercising a power conferred on the authorised person by this subsection shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding £500.

(8) Notwithstanding that the Revenue Commissioners have before the 23rd day of May, 1994, made a determination in accordance with subsection (5)(a)(ii) that a building is a building to which reasonable access is afforded to the public, relief under subsection (2), in relation to qualifying expenditure incurred in a chargeable period beginning on or after the 1st day of January, 1995, in respect of the building shall not be given unless the person who owns or occupies the building satisfies the Revenue Commissioners on or before the 1st day of January in the chargeable period that it is a building to which reasonable access is afforded to the public having regard to subsection (5)(b)(ii).

(9) In respect of relevant expenditure incurred on or after the 6th day of April, 1993, this section shall, with any necessary modifications, apply in relation to an approved garden as it applies in relation to qualifying expenditure incurred in relation to an approved building.

(10) Any claim for relief under this section—

(a) shall be made in such form as the Revenue Commissioners may from time to time prescribe, and

(b) shall be accompanied by such statements in writing as regards the expenditure for which relief is claimed, including statements by persons to whom payments were made, as may be indicated by the prescribed form.

483 Relief for certain gifts. [ITA67 s195B(3) and (6) and s547(1) to (3); CTA76 s140(1), s147(1) and (2) and Sch2 PtI par27; FA93 s10(1)]

483.—(1) (a) In this subsection, “public moneys” means moneys charged on or issued out of the Central Fund or provided by the Oireachtas.

(b) This section shall apply to a gift of money made to the Minister for Finance for use for any purpose for or towards the cost of which public moneys are provided and which is accepted by that Minister.

(2) Where a person who has made a gift to which this section applies claims relief from income tax or corporation tax by reference to the gift, subsection (3) or, as the case may be, subsection (4) shall apply.

(3) For the purposes of income tax for the year of assessment in which the person makes the gift, the amount of the gift shall be deducted from or set off against any income of the person chargeable to income tax for that year and income tax shall, where necessary, be discharged or repaid accordingly, and the total income of the person or, where the person is a married person whose income is deemed to be the income of his or her spouse, the total income of his or her spouse shall be calculated accordingly.

(4) For the purposes of corporation tax, where the person making the gift is a company, the amount of the gift shall be deemed to be a loss incurred by the company in a separate trade in the accounting period in which the gift is made.

484 Relief for gifts for education in the arts. [ITA67 s195B(3) and (6); FA84 s32; FA93 s10(1)]

484.—(1) In this section—

“approved body” means any body or institution in the State which may be approved of for the purposes of this section by the Minister for Finance and which—

(a) provides in the State any course one of the conditions of entry to which is related to the results of the Leaving Certificate Examination, a matriculation examination of a recognised university in the State or an equivalent examination held outside the State, or

(b) (i) is established on a permanent basis solely for the advancement wholly or mainly in the State of one or more approved subjects,

(ii) contributes to the advancement of that subject or those subjects on a national or regional basis, and

(iii) is prohibited by its constitution from distributing to its members any of its assets or profits;

“approved subject” means—

(a) the practice of architecture,

(b) the practice of art and design,

(c) the practice of music and musical composition,

(d) the practice of theatre arts,

(e) the practice of film arts, or

(f) any other subject approved of for the purpose of this section by the Minister for Finance.

(2) This section shall apply to a gift of money which—

(a) is made to an approved body for the purpose of assisting that body to promote the advancement in the State of any approved subject,

(b) is applied by the approved body for that purpose, and

(c) is not deductible in computing for the purposes of tax the profits or gains of a trade or profession or is not income to which section 792 applies.

(3) (a) Where a person proves to have made a gift to which this section applies and claims relief from tax by reference to the gift, subsection (4) or, as the case may be, subsection (5) shall apply.

(b) In determining the net amount of the gift for the purposes of subsection (4) or (5), the amount or value of any consideration received by the person as a result of making the gift, whether received directly or indirectly from the approved body to which the gift was made or otherwise, shall be deducted from the amount of the gift.

(4) (a) For the purposes of income tax for the year of assessment in which a person makes a gift to which this section applies, the net amount of the gift shall, subject to subsection (5), be deducted from or set off against any income of the person chargeable to income tax for that year and tax shall where necessary be discharged or repaid accordingly, and the total income of the person or, where the person is a married person whose spouse is assessed to income tax in accordance with section 1017, the total income of the spouse shall be calculated accordingly.

(b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), relief under this section shall not be given to a person for a year of assessment—

(i) if the net amount of the gift (or the aggregate of the net amounts of gifts) made by the person in that year, being a gift or gifts, as the case may be, to which this section applies, does not exceed £100, or

(ii) to the extent to which the net amount of the gift (or the aggregate of the net amounts of gifts) made by the person in that year, being a gift or gifts, as the case may be, to which this section applies, exceeds £10,000.

(5) Where a gift to which this section applies is made by a company—

(a) the net amount of the gift shall for the purposes of corporation tax be deemed to be a loss incurred by the company in a separate trade in the accounting period of the company in which the gift is made, and

(b) the references in subsection (4)(b) to a year of assessment shall be construed as references to an accounting period of the company.

(6) (a) The Minister for Finance may, by notice in writing given to the body or institution, as the case may be, withdraw the approval of any body or institution for the purposes of this section, and on the giving of the notice the body or institution shall cease to be an approved body as respects any gifts made after the date of the notice referred to in paragraph (b).

(b) Where the Minister for Finance withdraws the approval of any body or institution for the purposes of this section, notice of its withdrawal shall be published as soon as may be in Iris Oifigiúil.

485 Relief for gifts to third-level institutions. [FA97 s16]

485.—(1) In this section—

“approved institution” means an institution in the State in receipt of public funding which provides courses to which a scheme approved by the Minister under the Local Authorities (Higher Education Grants) Acts, 1968 to 1992, applies, or any body established in the State for the sole purpose of raising funds for such an institution;

“approved project” means a project in respect of which the Minister has given a certificate under subsection (2) which certificate has not been revoked under that subsection;

“project” means one or more of the following—

(a) the undertaking of research,

(b) the acquisition of equipment,

(c) infrastructural development in institutions specified in the guidelines referred to in subsection (2)(a)(i), and

(d) the provision of facilities designed to increase student numbers in areas of skills needs;

“Minister” means the Minister for Education and Science;

“relevant gift” means a gift of money which—

(a) on or after the 6th day of April, 1997, is made to an approved institution for the sole purpose of funding an approved project,

(b) is or will be applied by the approved institution for that purpose, and

(c) apart from this section is not deductible in computing for the purposes of tax the profits or gains of a trade or profession, or is not income to which section 792 applies or is not a gift of money to which section 484 applies.

(2) (a) (i) The Minister, on the making of an application by an approved institution, may, in accordance with guidelines laid down by the Minister with the consent of the Minister for Finance, give a certificate to that institution stating that a project may be treated as an approved project for the purposes of this section.

(ii) An application under this subsection shall be in such form as the Minister may direct and shall contain such information as may be specified in the guidelines referred to in subparagraph (i).

(iii) The Minister shall consult the Higher Education Authority in relation to an application under this subsection.

(b) (i) A certificate given by the Minister under paragraph (a) shall be subject to such conditions as the Minister may consider proper and specifies in the certificate (including a condition as to the amount or the percentage amount of the total cost of the approved project which shall be met by relevant gifts).

(ii) The Minister may amend or revoke any condition specified in a certificate given under paragraph (a), or add to such conditions, by giving notice in writing to the approved institution of the amendment, revocation or addition, and this section shall apply as if—

(I) a condition so amended or added by the notice was specified in the certificate, and

(II) a condition so revoked was not specified in the notice.

(c) Where an approved institution fails to comply with any of the conditions to which a certificate given to it under paragraph (a) is subject by virtue of paragraph (b), the Minister may, by notice in writing given to the institution, revoke the certificate and the project shall cease to be an approved project as respects any gifts made to the institution after the date of the Minister's notice.

(3) Where it is proved to the satisfaction of the Revenue Commissioners that a person has made a relevant gift and the person claims relief from tax by reference to that gift, subsection (6) or, as the case may be, subsection (7) shall apply.

(4) Where a relevant gift is made by a chargeable person within the meaning of Part 41, a claim under this section shall be made with the return required to be delivered by that person under section 951 for the chargeable period in which the gift is made.

(5) In determining the net amount of the gift for the purposes of subsection (6) or (7), the amount or value of any consideration received by the person concerned as a result of making the gift, whether received directly or indirectly from the approved institution to which the gift was made or otherwise, shall be deducted from the amount of the gift.

(6) For the purposes of income tax for the year of assessment in which a person makes a gift to which this section applies, the net amount of the gift shall be deducted from or set off against any income of the person chargeable to income tax for that year and tax shall where necessary be discharged or repaid accordingly, and the total income of the person or, where the person's spouse is assessed to income tax in accordance with section 1017, the total income of the spouse shall be calculated accordingly.

(7) Where a relevant gift is made by a company, the net amount of the gift shall for the purposes of corporation tax be deemed to be a loss incurred by the company in a separate trade in the accounting period of the company in which the gift is made.

(8) Relief under this section shall not be given to a person for any year of assessment or accounting period, as the case may be, if the net amount of the gift (or the aggregate of the net amounts of gifts) made by such person in that year or accounting period, as the case may be, is less than £1,000.

(9) Every approved institution, when required to do so by notice from the Minister, shall within the time limited by the notice prepare and deliver to the Minister a return containing particulars of the aggregate amount of relevant gifts received by the institution in respect of each approved project.

(10) Where any question arises as to whether for the purposes of this section—

(a) an institution is an approved institution,

(b) a project is an approved project, or

(c) a gift is a relevant gift,

the Revenue Commissioners may consult with the Minister.

(11) For the purposes of a claim to relief under this section, an approved institution shall, on acceptance of a relevant gift, give to the person making the relevant gift a receipt which shall—

(a) contain a statement that—

(i) it is a receipt for the purposes of this section,

(ii) the institution is an approved institution for the purposes of this section,

(iii) the gift in respect of which the receipt is given is a relevant gift for the purposes of this section, and

(iv) the project in respect of which the relevant gift has been made is an approved project,

(b) show—

(i) the name and address of the person making the relevant gift,

(ii) the amount of the relevant gift in both figures and words,

(iii) the date of the relevant gift,

(iv) the full name of the approved institution,

(v) the date on which the receipt was issued, and

(vi) particulars of the approved project in respect of which the relevant gift has been made,

and

(c) be signed by a duly authorised official of the approved institution.

CHAPTER 3 Corporation tax reliefs

486 Corporation tax: relief for gifts to First Step. [FA93 s51; FA95 s67; FA97 s65]

486.—(1) In this section, “First Step” means the company incorporated under the Companies Acts, 1963 to 1990, on the 20th day of September, 1990, as First Step Limited.

(2) This section shall apply to a gift of money which—

(a) before the 1st day of January, 2000, is made to First Step,

(b) is applied by First Step solely for the objects for which it was incorporated, and

(c) is not deductible in computing for the purposes of corporation tax the profits or gains of a trade or profession or is not income to which section 792 applies.

(3) Where a company makes a gift to which this section applies and claims relief from tax by reference to the gift, the net amount of the gift shall for the purposes of corporation tax be deemed to be a loss incurred by the company in a separate trade in the accounting period of the company in which the gift is made.

(4) (a) In determining the net amount of the gift for the purposes of this section, the amount or value of any consideration received by the company as a result of making the gift, whether received directly or indirectly from First Step or any other person, shall be deducted from the amount of the gift.

(b) Relief under this section shall not be given to a company for an accounting period—

(i) if the net amount of the gift (or the aggregate of the net amounts of gifts) made by the company in that accounting period, being a gift or gifts, as the case may be, to which this section applies, does not exceed £500,

(ii) to the extent to which the net amount of the gift (or the aggregate of the net amounts of gifts) made by the company in that accounting period, being a gift or gifts, as the case may be, to which this section applies, exceeds £100,000,

(iii) in respect of a gift made at any time in the year ended on the 31st day of May in the year 1996, 1997, 1998 or 1999, if at that time the aggregate of the net amounts of all gifts to which this section applies made to First Step within that year exceeds £1,500,000, or

(iv) in respect of a gift made at any time in the period commencing on the 1st day of June, 1999, and ending on the 31st day of December, 1999, if at that time the aggregate of the net amounts of all gifts to which this section applies made to First Step within that period exceeds £875,000.

(5) A claim under this section shall be made with the return required to be delivered under section 951 for the accounting period in which the gift is made.

(6) Where a company makes a gift in respect of which relief is not to be given by virtue of subparagraph (iii) or (iv) of subsection (4)(b), First Step shall, by notice in writing given to the company within 30 days of the making of the gift, advise the company accordingly.

(7) Where a gift to which this section applies is made by a company in an accounting period of the company which is less than 12 months, the amounts specified in subparagraphs (i) and (ii) of subsection (4)(b) shall be proportionately reduced.

487 Corporation tax: credit for bank levy. [FA92 s45; FA95 s56; FA97 s146(1) and Sch9 PtI par16(1)]

487.—(1) (a) In this section—

“accounting profit” means the amount of profit, after taxation and before extraordinary items—

(i) shown in the profit and loss account—

(I) in the case of a company resident in the State, which is required under section 148 of the Companies Act, 1963, to be laid before the annual general meeting of the company, or which would be so shown but for subsection (4) of section 149 of that Act, and

(II) in the case of a company not resident in the State and carrying on a trade in the State through a branch or agency, of that branch or agency and which is certified by the auditor appointed under section 160 of the Companies Act, 1963, or under the law of the state in which the company is incorporated and which corresponds to that section, as presenting a true and fair view of the profit or loss attributable to that branch or agency,

(ii) reduced by the amount of such profit as is attributable to—

(I) dividends received from companies resident in the State which are members of the group of which that company is a member,

(II) gains on disposal of capital assets,

(III) relevant trading operations within the meaning of section 446,

(IV) trading operations carried on outside of the State and in respect of which the company is chargeable to corporation tax in the State and to tax on income in another state, and

(V) dividends received from companies not resident in the State,

and

(iii) increased—

(I) as respects income from sources specified in subparagraphs (III), (IV) and (V) of paragraph (ii), by an amount determined by the formula—

100 ____ R	T

where—

T is the corporation tax chargeable in respect of that income computed in accordance with the provisions of the Corporation Tax Acts and after allowing relief under Parts 14 and 35, and

R is the rate of corporation tax for the accounting period concerned and to which section 21 relates, but where part of the accounting period falls in one financial year and the other part falls in the financial year succeeding the first-mentioned financial year, R shall be determined by applying the formula specified in section 78(3)(b), and

(II) by the amount of stamp duty charged under section 64 of the Finance Act, 1989, section 108 of the Finance Act, 1990, section 200 of the Finance Act, 1992, or section 142 of the Finance Act, 1995, and under section 94 of the Finance Act, 1986, as has been taken into account in computing that amount of profit, after taxation and before extraordinary items;

“adjusted group base tax”, in relation to a relevant period, means—

(i) an amount determined by the formula—

T P _____ B

where—

T is the group base tax,

P is the group profit of the relevant period, and

B is the group base profit,

or

(ii) if it is greater, the group advance corporation tax of the relevant period;

“advance corporation tax”, in relation to a relevant period, means the aggregate of the amounts of advance corporation tax paid or treated as paid by a company, and not repaid, under Chapter 8 of Part 6, in respect of distributions made in accounting periods falling wholly or partly within the relevant period and, where an accounting period falls partly within a relevant period, the aggregate shall include a part of the advance corporation tax so paid proportionate to the part of the accounting period falling within the relevant period;

“base profit”, in relation to a company, means 50 per cent of the aggregate of the amounts of accounting profit of a company for accounting periods falling wholly or partly in the period beginning on the 1st day of April, 1989, and ending on the 31st day of March, 1991, and, where an accounting period falls partly within that period, the aggregate shall include a part of the accounting profit of the accounting period proportionate to the part of the accounting period falling within that period;

“base tax” means 50 per cent of the aggregate of the corporation tax chargeable on a company, exclusive of the corporation tax on the part of the company's profits attributable to chargeable gains and before the set-off of advance corporation tax under Chapter 8 of Part 6, for accounting periods falling wholly or partly in the period beginning on the 1st day of April, 1989, and ending on the 31st day of March, 1991, and, where an accounting period falls partly within that period, the aggregate shall include a part of the corporation tax so chargeable for the accounting period proportionate to the part of the accounting period falling within that period;

“group advance corporation tax”, in relation to a relevant period, means the aggregate of the amounts of advance corporation tax in relation to the relevant period of companies which throughout the relevant period are members of the group;

“group base profit” means the aggregate of the amounts of base profit of companies which throughout the relevant period are members of the group;

“group base tax” means the aggregate of the amounts of base tax of companies which throughout the relevant period are members of the group, but where the amount of the group base tax is an amount which is—

(i) greater than 43 per cent, or

(ii) lower than 10 per cent,

of the group base profit, computed in accordance with this section but without regard to subparagraphs (III), (IV) and (V) of paragraph (ii), or subparagraph (I) of paragraph (iii), of the definition of “accounting profit”, the group base tax shall be deemed to be an amount equal to 25 per cent of the group base profit as so computed;

“group profit”, in relation to a relevant period, means the aggregate of the amounts of profit of the relevant period of companies which throughout that period are members of the group;

“group tax liability”, in relation to a relevant period, means the aggregate of the amounts of tax liability of the relevant period of companies which through out that period are members of the group;

“levy payment” means the aggregate of the amounts charged in the year 1992 or in any later year under section 200 of the Finance Act, 1992, or section 142 of the Finance Act, 1995, and which have been paid, on or before the date by which the amounts are payable, by companies which are members of a group;

“profit”, in relation to a relevant period, means the aggregate of the accounting profit, computed on the same basis as that on which the base profit of the company is computed, of a company for accounting periods falling wholly or partly within the relevant period, and, where an accounting period falls partly within a relevant period, the aggregate shall include a part of the accounting profit of the accounting period proportionate to the part of the accounting period falling within that relevant period;

“relevant period”, in relation to a levy payment, means a period beginning on the 1st day of April preceding the date on or before which the levy payment is to be made and ending on the 31st day of March next after that date;

“tax liability”, in relation to a relevant period, means the aggregate of the corporation tax which apart from this section would be chargeable on a company, exclusive of the corporation tax on the part of the company's profits attributable to chargeable gains and before the set-off of advance corporation tax under Chapter 8 of Part 6, for accounting periods falling wholly or partly within the relevant period and, where an accounting period falls partly within that period, the aggregate shall include a part of the corporation tax so chargeable for the accounting period proportionate to the part of the accounting period falling within that period.

(b) For the purposes of this section—

(i) 2 companies shall be deemed to be members of a group if one company is a 75 per cent subsidiary of the other company or both companies are 75 per cent subsidiaries of a third company; but—

(I) in determining whether one company is a 75 per cent subsidiary of another company, the other company shall be treated as not being the owner of—

(A) any share capital which it owns directly in a company if a profit on a sale of the shares would be treated as a trading receipt of its trade, or

(B) any share capital which it owns indirectly, and which is owned directly by a company for which a profit on a sale of the shares would be a trading receipt,

and

(II) a company which is an assurance company within the meaning of section 706 shall not be a member of a group,

(ii) sections 412 to 418 shall apply for the purposes of this paragraph as they apply for the purposes of Chapter 5 of Part 12,

(iii) a company and all its 75 per cent subsidiaries shall form a group and, where that company is a member of a group as being itself a 75 per cent subsidiary, that group shall comprise all its 75 per cent subsidiaries and the first-mentioned group shall be deemed not to be a group; but a company which is not a member of a group shall be treated as if it were a member of a group which consists of that company, and accordingly references to group advance corporation tax, group base profit, group base tax, group profit and group tax liability shall be construed as if they were respectively references to advance corporation tax, base profit, base tax, profit and tax liability of that company,

(iv) the part of a company's profits attributable to chargeable gains for an accounting period shall be taken to be the amount brought into the company's profits for that period for the purposes of corporation tax in respect of chargeable gains before any deduction for charges on income, expenses of management or other amounts which can be deducted from or set against or treated as reducing profits of more than one description,

(v) the income or profit attributable to any trading operations or dividends shall be such amount of the income or profit as appears to the inspector or on appeal to the Appeal Commissioners to be just and reasonable, and

(vi) corporation tax chargeable in respect of any income shall be the corporation tax which would not have been chargeable but for that income.

(2) Where for a relevant period in relation to a levy payment the group tax liability exceeds the adjusted group base tax of that relevant period, all or part of the levy payment, not being greater than the excess of the group tax liability over the adjusted group base tax, may be set against the group tax liability of the relevant period in accordance with this section.

(3) (a) In this subsection, “appropriate inspector” has the same meaning as in section 950.

(b) Where under subsection (2) an amount of levy payment may be set against the group tax liability of a relevant period, so much (in this paragraph referred to as “the apportionable part”) of the amount as bears to that amount the same proportion as the tax liability of the relevant period of a company which is a member of the group bears to the group tax liability of the relevant period shall be apportioned to the company, and the companies which are members of the group may, by giving notice in writing to the appropriate inspector within a period of 9 months after the end of the relevant period, elect to have the apportionable part apportioned in such manner as is specified in the notice.

(4) Where an amount is apportioned to a company under subsection (3), that amount shall be set against the tax liability of the relevant period of the company and, to the extent that an amount is so set off, it shall be treated for the purposes of the Corporation Tax Acts as if it were a payment of corporation tax made on the day on which that corporation tax is to be paid; but an amount or part of an amount which is to be treated as if it were a payment of corporation tax may not be repaid to a company by virtue of a claim to relief under the Corporation Tax Acts or for any other reason.

(5) Where under subsection (4) an amount is to be set against the tax liability of a relevant period of a company and the tax liability of the relevant period consists of the aggregate of corporation tax chargeable for more accounting periods than one, the amount shall be set against the corporation tax of each of those accounting periods in the proportion which the corporation tax of the accounting period or the part of the accounting period, as the case may be, and which is included in the tax liability of the relevant period bears to the tax liability of the relevant period.

(6) Where—

(a) the end of an accounting period (in this subsection referred to as “the first-mentioned accounting period”) of a company which is a member of a group does not coincide with the end of the relevant period,

(b) the tax liability of—

(i) one or more accounting periods of the company ending after the end of the first-mentioned accounting period, or

(ii) one or more accounting periods of any other member of the group ending after the end of the first-mentioned accounting period,

is to be taken into account in determining the amount of the levy payment which may be set off under this section against the corporation tax of—

(I) the first-mentioned accounting period, or one or more accounting periods ending before the end of that period, of the company, or

(II) one or more accounting periods of any other member of the group ending on or before the end of the first-mentioned accounting period,

and

(c) on the specified return date (within the meaning of section 950) it is not possible—

(i) for the first-mentioned accounting period, or any other accounting period ending before the end of that period, of the company, or

(ii) for one or more accounting periods of any other member of the group ending on or before the end of the first-mentioned accounting period,

to determine the amount of the levy payment which may be so set off,

then, the amount of levy payment which may be set off under this section against the corporation tax of an accounting period shall be taken to be the amount which would have been so set off if a period of 12 months ending on the last day of the most recent accounting period of the parent company (being a member of the group which is not a subsidiary of any other member of the group) which ends in the relevant period were the relevant period; but, where a part only of that period of 12 months falls after the 31st day of March, 1992, the amount to be set off under this subsection shall be reduced to an amount proportionate to the part of that period of 12 months falling after that day.

(7) (a) A company shall deliver, as soon as they become available, such particulars as are required to determine the amount of levy payment which apart from subsection (6)is to be set off against the corporation tax of an accounting period.

(b) Where an amount of levy payment has been set off against corporation tax of an accounting period under subsection (6) and the company delivers such particulars as are required to be delivered in accordance with paragraph (a), the inspector shall adjust any computation or assessment by reference to the difference between these amounts and any amount of corporation tax overpaid shall be repaid and any amount of corporation tax underpaid shall be paid.

(8) (a) An amount of tax to be repaid under subsection (7) shall be repaid with interest in all respects as if it were a repayment of preliminary tax under section 953(7).

(b) Interest shall not be charged under section 1080 on any amount of tax underpaid under this subsection unless the amount is not paid within one month of the date on which the amount of the underpayment is notified to the chargeable person by the inspector, and the amount of tax so unpaid shall not be treated as part of the tax payable for the chargeable period for the purposes of section 958(4)(b).

PART 16 Income Tax Relief for Investment in Corporate Trades— Business Expansion Scheme and Seed Capital Scheme

488 Interpretation (Part 16). [FA84 s11(1), (3) and (4), s12(2) and (7) and s16(4); FA85 s13(a); FA90 s10(a); FA93 s25(a) and (b)(v); FA94 s16(1)(a)(i); FA95 s17(1)(a); FA96 s16; FA97 s9(a), s146(1) and Sch9 PtI par13(1)]

488.—(1) In this Part—

“advance factory building” means a factory building the construction of which is—

(a) promoted by a local community group the objective of which, or one of the main objectives of which, is to promote the development of, and the creation of opportunities for employment in, its locality, and

(b) undertaken without any prior commitment, either direct or indirect, in writing or otherwise, by a person that either the person or any other person will enter into a lease for its use;

“associate” has the same meaning in relation to a person as it has by virtue of subsection (3) of section 433 in relation to a participator, except that the reference in paragraph (b) of that subsection to any relative of a participator shall be excluded from such meaning;

“certifying agency” means an industrial development agency, Bord Fáilte Éireann, An Bord Iascaigh Mhara or An Bord Tráchtála— The Irish Trade Board (as may be appropriate);

“certifying Minister” means the Minister for Agriculture and Food, the Minister for Arts, Heritage, Gaeltacht and the Islands or the Minister for the Marine and Natural Resources (as may be appropriate);

“control”, except in sections 493(7) and 507(2)(b), shall be construed in accordance with subsections (2) to (6) of section 432;

“debenture” has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Companies Act, 1963;

“director” shall be construed in accordance with section 433(4);

“eligible shares” means new ordinary shares which, throughout the period of 5 years beginning on the date on which they are issued, carry no present or future preferential right to dividends or to a company's assets on its winding up and no present or future preferential right to be redeemed;

“factory building” has the same meaning as in section 2 of the Industrial Development Act, 1986;

“full-time employee” and “full-time director” have the same meanings respectively as in section 250;

“industrial development agency” means Forbairt, the Industrial Development Agency (Ireland), the Shannon Free Airport Development Company Limited or Údarás na Gaeltachta (as may be appropriate);

“market value” shall be construed in accordance with section 548;

“ordinary shares” means shares forming part of a company's ordinary share capital;

“qualifying company” has the meaning assigned to it by section 495;

“qualifying trading operations” has the meaning assigned to it by section 496(2);

“relevant employment”, in relation to a specified individual, means employment throughout the relevant period by the company in which the specified individual makes a relevant investment (being that individual's first such investment in that company) and where the specified individual is a full-time employee or full-time director of the company;

“relevant investment”, in relation to a specified individual, means the amount or the aggregate of the amounts subscribed in a year of assessment by the specified individual for eligible shares in a qualifying company which carries on or intends to carry on relevant trading operations;

“relevant period”, in relation to relief in respect of any eligible shares issued by a company, means—

(a) as respects sections 493 and 498 to 501, the period beginning on the incorporation of the company (or, if the company was incorporated more than 2 years before the date on which the shares were issued, beginning 2 years before that date) and ending 5 years after the issue of the shares,

(b) as respects sections 495, 496, 503 and 507, the period beginning on the date on which the shares were issued and ending either 3 years after that date or, where the company was not at that date carrying on a qualifying trade, 3 years after the date on which it subsequently began to carry on such a trade,

(c) as respects a relevant employment, the period beginning on the date on which the shares are issued or, if later, the date on which the employment commences and ending 12 months after that date, and

(d) as respects a specified individual, the period beginning on the date on which the shares are issued and ending either 2 years after that date or, where the company was not at that date carrying on relevant trading operations, 2 years after the date on which it subsequently began to carry on such operations;

“relevant trading operations” has the meaning assigned to it by section 497;

“specified individual” has the meaning assigned to it by section 494;

“the relief” and “relief” mean relief under section 489, and references to the amount of the relief shall be construed in accordance with subsection (6) of that section;

“unquoted company” means a company none of whose shares, stocks or debentures are—

(a) listed in the official list of a stock exchange, or

(b) quoted on an unlisted securities market of a stock exchange other than on the market known as the Developing Companies Market of the Irish Stock Exchange.

(2) References in this Part to a disposal of shares include references to a disposal of an interest or right in or over the shares, and an individual shall be treated for the purposes of this Part as disposing of any shares which the individual is treated by virtue of section 587 as exchanging for other shares.

(3) References in this Part to the reduction of any amount include references to its reduction to nil.

(4) References in this Part to a trade shall be construed—

(a) without regard to so much of the definition of “trade” in section 3 as relates to adventures or concerns in the nature of trade, and

(b) as including—

(i) the construction and leasing of an advance factory building,

(ii) the research and development or other similar activity referred to in section 496(2)(a)(x), and

(iii) the production, publication, marketing and promotion of a qualifying recording or qualifying recordings referred to in section 496(2)(a)(xii);

but for the other purposes of the Tax Acts the question of whether a trade is being carried on shall be determined without regard to this subsection.

489 The relief. [FA84 s12(1), (3) to (6A), (8) and (10) to (11); FA85 s13(b); FA87 s8(b); FA90 s10(b) and s34(1)(a) and (b)(ii), (2) and (4); FA91 s15(1)(a); FA93 s25(b)(i), (iii), (iv), (v) and (vi); FA95 s17(b); FA96 s17]

489.—(1) This Part shall apply for affording relief from income tax where, subject to subsection (2)—

(a) an individual who qualifies for the relief subscribes for eligible shares in a qualifying company,

(b) those shares are issued to the individual for the purpose of raising money for a qualifying trade being carried on by the company or which the company intends to carry on, and

(c) the company provides satisfactory evidence, and it appears to the Revenue Commissioners after such consultation, if any, as may seem to them to be necessary with such person or body of persons as in their opinion may be of assistance to them, that the money was used, is being used or is intended to be used—

(i) for the purposes of—

(I) enabling the company, or enlarging its capacity, to undertake qualifying trading operations,

(II) enabling the company to engage in, or assisting the company in—

(A) research and development,

(B) the acquisition of technological information and data,

(C) the development of new or existing products or services, or

(D) the provision of new products or services,

(III) enabling the company to identify new markets, and to develop new and existing markets, for its products and services, or

(IV) enabling the company to increase its sales of products or provision of services,

and

(ii) with a view to the creation or maintenance of employment—

(I) in the company, or

(II) in the case of qualifying trading operations referred to in section 496(2)(a)(ix), in either or both a company contracted to construct the advance factory building concerned and a company which enters into a lease for its use.

(2) Where the money raised for the purpose specified in subsection (1)(b) was used, is being used or is intended to be used—

(a) for the purposes of qualifying trading operations referred to in section 496(2)(a)(iv) and in respect of which money is raised or intended to be raised under this Part by virtue of section 496(2)(a)(iv)(II), the evidence referred to in subsection (1)(c) shall include the certificate referred to in section 496(5),

(b) for the purposes of qualifying trading operations referred to in section 496(2)(a)(vii), the evidence referred to in subsection (1)(c) shall include the certificate referred to in section 496(7),

(c) for the purposes of qualifying trading operations referred to in section 496(2)(a)(x) (in this paragraph referred to as “the operations”), the evidence referred to in subsection (1)(c) shall include a certificate by an industrial development agency certifying that it is satisfied that the operations—

(i) have the potential to result in the commencement of qualifying trading operations referred to in subparagraphs (i), (ii) and (viii) of section 496(2)(a), and

(ii) have commenced,