The Renewables Obligation Order (Northern Ireland) 2009

• (ii) F is the energy content of all of the fuels used in generating that electricity during the month;

• (b) $ηh$ is equal to $HF$ where—

• (i) F has the same meaning as in sub-paragraph (a)(ii); and

• (ii) H is the energy content of all of the heat supplied to any premises by the generating station during the month; and

• (c) $Ch$ is equal to—

• (i) where the maximum temperature in degrees kelvin of heat or steam which is (or may be) supplied by the generating station to any premises (“$Tmax$”) is less than 423 degrees kelvin, 0.3546;

• (ii) in any other case, $Tmax−273Tmax$; and

• (d) E is the greenhouse gas emissions from the production of the biomass and is to be calculated in accordance with Part C of Annex 5 to the Renewables Directive but as if the following modifications were made to Part C of that Annex:—

• (i) in paragraph 1—

• (aa) for “and use of transport fuels, biofuels and bioliquids” there was substituted “of biomass”;

• (bb) for “E = total emissions from the use of the fuel” there was substituted “E = greenhouse gas emissions from the production of the biomass”; and

• (cc) for “$eu$ = emissions from the fuel in use” there was substituted “$eu$ = zero”;

• (ii) in paragraph 2, for the references to “fuels” and “fuel” there was substituted in each case “biomass”;

• (iii) paragraphs 3 and 4 were omitted;

• (iv) in paragraph 7—

• (aa) for each reference to “biofuel” there was substituted “biomass”; and

• (bb) the words “or bioliquid” were omitted in each place in which those words occur;

• (v) in paragraph 11, for “fuel” there was substituted “biomass”;

• (vi) paragraph 13 was omitted;

• (vii) in paragraph 14, for “fuel” there was substituted “biomass”;

• (viii) for paragraph 16 there was substituted—

(16) Emission saving from excess electricity from cogeneration shall be taken to be zero.

• (ix) in paragraph 17, for each reference to “fuel” there was substituted “biomass”;

• (x) in paragraph 18—

• (aa) for “fuel” there was substituted “biomass”;

• (bb) the words “In case of biofuels and bioliquids,” were omitted;

• (cc) before “and residues from processing” there was inserted “residues from aquaculture, arboriculture, fisheries and forestry”; and

• (dd) for “fuels” there was substituted “biomass”; and

• (xi) for paragraph 19 there was substituted—

(19) Where material is added to the biomass to act as a binding agent or to reduce the emissions of dust, carbon dioxide, methane or nitrous oxide from the use of the biomass, the material so added shall be considered to have zero life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions, provided that the material so added does not exceed 2% by weight of the biomass.

PART 3 — Default value method

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The greenhouse gas emissions from the use of biomass are calculated using the default value method where the greenhouse gas emissions from the use of the biomass are equal to—

• (a) in the case of biomass used by a combined heat and power generating station, $Eηel(ηelηel+Ch×ηh)$; and

• (b) in any other case, $Eηel$.

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In paragraph (8)—

• (a) $ηel$, $ηh$ and $Ch$ have the same meaning as in Part 2; and

• (b) E, in relation to a type of biomass described in the first column of the table in Part 4, is the number of grams which corresponds to that description in the second column of that table.

PART 4 — Default greenhouse gas emissions from the production of biomass

Land criteria: bioliquids

Land criteria: woody biomass

Land criteria: other fuels

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A consignment of fuel (other than bioliquid or woody biomass) meets the land criteria if the biomaterial from which the fuel was made—

• (a) was not obtained from a protected source;

• (b) was residue (other than residue from agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries or forestry);

• (c) was an energy crop in respect of which financial assistance was paid under the Energy Crops Regulations 2000 or under an equivalent financial assistance scheme; or

• (d) was added to the fuel for an exempt purpose.

Protected sources

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• (1) For the purposes of paragraphs 2(a) and 4(a), biomaterial is obtained from a protected source if it is obtained from—

• (a) land which at any time during or after January 2008 was primary forest;

• (b) land which at any time during or after January 2008 was designated for nature protection purposes (unless the production of the biomaterial did not interfere with those nature protection purposes);

• (c) highly biodiverse grassland (unless the harvesting of the biomaterial was necessary to preserve the grassland status);

• (d) land which at any time during January 2008 was peatland (unless the cultivation and harvesting of the biomaterial did not involve the drainage of previously undrained soil);

• (e) a former continuously forested area;

• (f) except where sub-paragraph (2) or (4) applies to the biomaterial, a former lightly forested area; or

• (g) a former wetland area.

• (2) This sub-paragraph applies to biomaterial obtained from a former lightly forested area where—

• (a) the fuel made from the biomaterial was not a bioliquid; and

• (b) the greenhouse gas emissions from the use of the fuel to generate one mega joule of electricity did not exceed the relevant target.

• (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b), the greenhouse gas emissions must be calculated using the method provided for in Part 2 of Schedule A1A (actual value method for greenhouse gas emission criteria for solid and gaseous biomass).

• (4) This sub-paragraph applies to biomaterial obtained from a former lightly forested area where—

• (a) the fuel made from the biomaterial was a bioliquid; and

• (b) the greenhouse gas emissions from the use of the bioliquid to generate electricity were lower, by at least the relevant percentage, than the greenhouse gas emissions from the use of fossil fuel.

• (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (4)(b), the percentage difference between the greenhouse gas emissions from the use of the bioliquid and the greenhouse gas emissions from the use of fossil fuel must be calculated using the method provided for in paragraphs 1, 2 and 5 to 18 of Part C of Annex 5 to the Renewables Directive.

• (6) For the purposes of this paragraph—

• (a) biomaterial was obtained from a former continuously forested area if the land—

• (i) was a continuously forested area at any time during January 2008; and

• (ii) was not a continuously forested area when the biomaterial was obtained from it;

• (b) biomaterial was obtained from a former lightly forested area if the land—

• (i) was a lightly forested area at any time during January 2008; and

• (ii) was not a lightly forested area or a continuously forested area when the biomaterial was obtained from it; and

• (c) biomaterial was obtained from a former wetland area if the land—

• (i) was a wetland area at any time during January 2008; and

• (ii) was not a wetland area when the biomaterial was obtained from it.

Sustainable source

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• (1) For the purposes of paragraph 3, woody biomass is obtained from a sustainable source if it—

• (a) was grown within an area of forest or other land which is managed—

• (i) in a way which is consistent with—

• (aa) the Forest Europe Sustainable Forest Management Criteria; or

• (bb) a set of international principles for the sustainable management of land which meets the requirements specified in sub-paragraph (2); and

• (ii) to meet the requirements specified in sub-paragraph (4);

• (c) was residue from arboriculture carried out in an area which was not a forest;

• (d) was added to the fuel for an exempt purpose; or

• (e) was removed for the purpose of creating, restoring or maintaining the ecosystem of an area which was not a forest.

• (2) The requirements specified in this sub-paragraph are that—

• (a) the principles have been adopted following a process (“the principle setting process”) which sought to—

• (i) obtain a balanced representation of the views of interest groupings;

• (ii) ensure that no single interest grouping could dominate the principle setting process; and

• (iii) ensure that no decision on the contents of the principles could be made in the absence of agreement from a majority within each interest grouping involved in the principle setting process; and

• (b) the principles can be changed by a process (“the change process”) which seeks to ensure that—

• (i) no single interest grouping can dominate the process; and

• (ii) no decision on changes to the principles can be made in the absence of agreement from a majority within each interest grouping involved in the change process.

• (3) For the purpose of sub-paragraph (2), each of the following is an interest grouping in relation to the forest or other location where the wood was grown—

• (a) persons with interest which are predominately economic in nature;

• (b) persons with interests which are predominantly environmental in nature; and

• (c) persons with interests which are predominantly social in nature.

• (4) The requirements specified in this sub-paragraph are—

• (a) harm to ecosystems is minimised, in particular by—

• (i) assessing the impacts of the extraction of wood from the area and adopting plans to minimise any negative impacts;

• (ii) protecting soil, water and biodiversity;

• (iii) controlling the use of chemicals and ensuring that chemicals are used in an appropriate way;

• (iv) wherever possible, use integrated pest management; and

• (v) disposing of waste in a manner that minimises any negative impacts;

• (b) the productivity of the area is maintained, in particular by—

• (i) adopting plans to avoid significant negative impacts on productivity;

• (ii) adopting procedures for the extraction of wood that minimise the impact on other uses of the area;

• (iii) providing for all of the contractors and workers who are working in the area to be adequately trained in relation to the maintenance of productivity; and

• (iv) maintaining an adequate inventory of the trees in the area (including data on the growth of the trees and on the extraction of wood) so as to ensure that wood is extracted from the area at a rate which does not exceed its long-term capacity to produce wood;

• (c) compliance with the requirements of head (b) is monitored, the results of that monitoring reviewed and planning updated accordingly;

• (d) the health and vitality of ecosystems is maintained, in particular by—

• (i) adopting plans to maintain or increase the health and vitality of ecosystems;

• (ii) adopting plans to deal with natural processes or events such as fires, pests and diseases; and

• (iii) taking adequate measures to protect the area from unauthorised activities such as illegal logging, mining and encroachment;

• (e) biodiversity is maintained, in particular by—

• (i) implementing safeguards to protect rare, threatened and endangered species;

• (ii) conserving key ecosystems in their natural state; and

• (iii) protecting features and species of outstanding or exceptional value;

• (f) those responsible for the management of the area (and any contractors engaged by them) comply with the local and national laws relating to health and safety and the welfare of workers;

• (g) those responsible for the management of the area have regard to—

• (i) legal, customary and traditional rights of tenure and land use;

• (ii) mechanisms for resolving grievances and disputes relating to tenure and land use rights, forest or land management practices and working conditions; and

• (iii) safeguarding the health and safety and rights of workers;

• (h) there is a regular assessment of the extent to which those responsible for the management of the area have met the requirements set out in heads (a) to (g).

• (5) In this paragraph—

• “the Forest Europe Sustainable Forest Management Criteria” means the criteria for sustainable forest management in Lisbon Resolution L2 of the third Ministerial Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe held in June 1998;

• “integrated pest management” has the meaning given in Article 3(6) of Directive 2009/128/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council establishing a framework for Community action to achieve the sustainable use of pesticides; and

• “local and national laws” in relation to a site means laws applying in the locality in which the site is situated, whether made at a local or national level.

Exempt purposes

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For the purposes of paragraphs 4(d) and 6(1)(d), biomaterial is added to a fuel for an exempt purpose if—

• (a) it is added to the fuel—

• (i) to act as a binding agent; or

• (ii) to reduce the emissions of dust, carbon dioxide, methane or nitrous oxide from the use of the fuel; and

• (b) it does not exceed 2% by weight of the fuel.