The Air Quality Standards (Scotland) Regulations 2007

Made: 6th March 2007

Laid before the Scottish Parliament: 7th March 2007

Coming into force: 29th March 2007

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PART 1 — General

Citation, commencement and extent

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Definitions

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Designation of competent authority

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PART 2 — Group A and Group B pollutants and ozone

CHAPTER 1 — Air Quality Standards

Preliminary and application

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Zones and agglomerations

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Air quality standards

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CHAPTER 2 — Attainment of air quality standards

General attainment measures

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Improvement plans

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Other improvement measures

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CHAPTER 3 — Maintenance of air quality standards and action plans

Maintenance of air quality standards

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Action plans

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CHAPTER 4 — Assessment

Duty to assess air quality

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Assessment methods

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Fixed and combined measurement

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Sampling points

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Other assessment requirements

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PART 3 — Other pollutants and background monitoring

Measurement of PM2·5

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Measurement of ozone precursor substances

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Monitoring of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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Background monitoring

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PART 4 — Public information and participation

General requirements

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Information regarding zones

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Information on concentrations

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Information on breach of alert or information threshold

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Information on breach of air quality standards

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Ozone annual report

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Information on action and improvement plans

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Public participation in improvement plans

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PART 5 — Miscellaneous provisions

Collation of information etc

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Revocations

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SCHEDULE 1 — Air quality standards

PART 1 — Limit values for Group A pollutants

Benzene

	Averaging period	Limit value	Attainment date
Limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	5 μg/m³	1st January 2010

Carbon monoxide

For the purposes of this table, the maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8 hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, i.e. the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on that day.

	Averaging period	Limit value
Limit value for the protection of human health	Maximum daily 8-hour mean	10 mg/m³

Lead

	Averaging period	Limit value
Annual limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	0.5 μg/m³

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)

	Averaging period	Limit value	Attainment date
Hourly limit value for the protection of human health	1 hour	200 μg/m³ NO₂, not to be exceeded more than 18 times a calendar year	1st January 2010
Annual limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	40 μg/m³ NO₂	1st January 2010
Annual limit value for the protection of vegetation	Calendar year	30 μg/m³ NOx

PM10

	Averaging period	Limit value
24-hour limit value for the protection of human health	24 hours	50 μg/m³ PM₁₀, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a calendar year
Annual limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	40 μg/m³ PM₁₀

Sulphur dioxide

	Averaging period	Limit value
Hourly limit value for the protection of human health	1 hour	350 μg/m³, not to be exceeded more than 24 times a calendar year
Daily limit value for the protection of human health	24 hours	125 μg/m³, not to be exceeded more than 3 times a calendar year
Limit value for the protection of ecosystems	Calendar year and winter (1st October to 31st March)	20 μg/m³

PART 2 — Margins of tolerance for benzene and nitrogen dioxide

Start of period during which the margin applies	End of period during which the margin applies	Benzene	Nitrogen dioxide (hourly limit value for the protection of human health)	Nitrogen dioxide (annual limit value for the protection of human health)
Coming into force of these Regulations	31st December 2007	3 μg/m³	30 μg/m³	6 μg/m³
1st January 2008	31st December 2008	2 μg/m³	20 μg/m³	4 μg/m³
1st January 2009	31st December 2009	1 μg/m³	10 μg/m³	2 μg/m³

PART 3 — Target values for Group B pollutants

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The target values in the table at paragraph 2 in each case relate to the total content of the relevant pollutant in the PM₁₀ fraction averaged over one calendar year.

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PART 4 — Target values and long-term objectives for ozone

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Target values

The attainment date for the target values set out in the following table is 2010, with compliance assessed over the periods indicated for each target value in the table.

	Parameter	Target value and assessment for 2010[^f01000]
(1) Compliance with target values will be assessed as of this value. That is, 2010 will be the first year the data for which is used in calculating compliance over three or five years, as appropriate.	(1) Compliance with target values will be assessed as of this value. That is, 2010 will be the first year the data for which is used in calculating compliance over three or five years, as appropriate.	(1) Compliance with target values will be assessed as of this value. That is, 2010 will be the first year the data for which is used in calculating compliance over three or five years, as appropriate.
(2) The maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8-hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, that is, the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day will be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on the day.	(2) The maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8-hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, that is, the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day will be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on the day.	(2) The maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8-hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, that is, the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day will be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on the day.
(3) If the three or five year averages cannot be determined on the basis of a full and consecutive set of annual data, the minimum annual data required for checking compliance with the target values shall be as follows: (i) for the target value for the protection of human health, valid data for one year; and (ii) for the target value for the protection of vegetation, valid data for three years.	(3) If the three or five year averages cannot be determined on the basis of a full and consecutive set of annual data, the minimum annual data required for checking compliance with the target values shall be as follows: (i) for the target value for the protection of human health, valid data for one year; and (ii) for the target value for the protection of vegetation, valid data for three years.	(3) If the three or five year averages cannot be determined on the basis of a full and consecutive set of annual data, the minimum annual data required for checking compliance with the target values shall be as follows: (i) for the target value for the protection of human health, valid data for one year; and (ii) for the target value for the protection of vegetation, valid data for three years.
Target value for the protection of human health	Maximum daily 8-hour mean[^f01001]	120 μg/m³ not to be exceeded on more than 25 days per calendar year averaged over three years(3)
Target value for the protection of vegetation	AOT 40, calculated from 1 hour values from May to July	18,000 μg/m³.hour averaged over five years[^f01002]

Long-term objectives

	Parameter	Long-term objective
Long-term objective for the protection of human health	Maximum daily 8-hour mean within a calendar year	120 μg/m³
Long-term objective for the protection of vegetation	AOT40, calculated from 1 h values from May to July	6,000 μg/m³.h

SCHEDULE 2 — Information to be included in an Improvement Plan

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SCHEDULE 3 — Alert and information thresholds

PART 1 — Alert thresholds for nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide

Nitrogen dioxide	400 μg/m³ measured over three consecutive hours at locations representative of air quality over at least 100 km² or an entire zone or agglomeration, whichever is the smaller
Sulphur dioxide	500 μg/m³ measured over three consecutive hours at locations representative of air quality over at least 100 km² or an entire zone or agglomeration, whichever is the smaller

PART 2 — Alert and information thresholds for ozone

¹For the purposes of regulation 11 (action plans), exceedance of the 1 hour average in respect of the alert threshold is to be measured or predicted for three consecutive hours.	¹For the purposes of regulation 11 (action plans), exceedance of the 1 hour average in respect of the alert threshold is to be measured or predicted for three consecutive hours.	¹For the purposes of regulation 11 (action plans), exceedance of the 1 hour average in respect of the alert threshold is to be measured or predicted for three consecutive hours.
	Parameter	Threshold
Alert threshold	1 hour average¹	240 μg/m³
Information threshold	1 hour average	180 μg/m³

SCHEDULE 4 — Assessment thresholds

PART 1 — Assessment thresholds for Group A pollutants

Benzene

	Annual average
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (3.5 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of limit value (2 μg/m³)

Carbon monoxide

	Eight-hour average
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (7 mg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of limit value (5 mg/m³)

Lead

	Annual average
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (0.35 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of limit value (0.25 μg/m³)

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)

	Hourly limit value for the protection of human health (NO₂ )	Annual limit value for the protection of human health (NO₂)	Annual limit value for the protection of vegetation (NOx)
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (140 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 18 times in any calendar year	80% of limit value (32 μg/m³)	80% of limit value (24 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of limit value (100 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 18 times in any calendar year	65% of limit value (26 μg/m³)	65% of limit value (19.5 μg/m³)

PM10

	24-hour average	Annual average
Upper assessment threshold	60% of limit value (30 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 7 times in any calendar year	70% of limit value (14 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of limit value (20 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 7 times in any calendar year	50% of limit value (10 μg/m³)

Sulphur dioxide

	Health protection	Ecosystem protection
Upper assessment threshold	60% of 24-hour limit value (75 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 3 times in any calendar year	60% of winter limit value (12 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of 24-hour limit value (50 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 3 times in any calendar year	40% of winter limit value (8 μg/m³)

PART 2 — Assessment thresholds for Group B pollutants

Arsenic

Upper assessment threshold	60% of target value (3.6 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of target value (2.4 ng/m³)

Benzo(a)pyrene

Upper assessment threshold	60% of target value (0.6 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of target value (0.4 ng/m³)

Cadmium

Upper assessment threshold	60% of target value (3 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of target value (2 ng/m³)

Nickel

Upper assessment threshold	70% of target value (14 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of target value (10 ng/m³)

PART 3 — Determination of representative concentrations

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The representative concentration of the relevant pollutant shall be determined on the basis of concentrations during the previous five years where sufficient data are available. The upper assessment threshold will be deemed to have been exceeded if it has been exceeded during at least three separate years out of the previous five years. The lower assessment threshold will be deemed to have been equalled or exceeded if it has been equalled or exceeded during at least three separate years out of the previous five years.

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SCHEDULE 5 — Minimum number of sampling points

PART 1 — Group A pollutants: human health based limit values and alert thresholds

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This Part sets out the minimum number of sampling points for fixed measurement of Group A pollutants to assess compliance with limit values for the protection of human health and alert thresholds in zones where fixed measurement is the sole source of information.

Diffuse sources

Population of zone (thousands)	If concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold[^f01004]	If maximum concentrations are between the upper and lower assessment thresholds	For nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide in agglomerations where maximum concentrations are below the lower assessment thresholds
(1) For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.	(1) For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.	(1) For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.	(1) For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.
0–249	1	1	not applicable
250–499	2	1	1
500–749	2	1	1
750–999	3	1	1
1,000–1,499	4	2	1
1,500–1,999	5	2	1
2,000–2,749	6	3	2
2,750–3,749	7	3	2
3,750–4,749	8	4	2
4,750–5,999	9	4	2
6,000 or more	10	5	3

Point sources

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PART 2 — Group A pollutants: limit values for the protection of ecosystems or vegetation

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PART 3 — Group B pollutants

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Diffuse sources

Population of zone (thousands)	If maximum concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold[^f01005]	If maximum concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold[^f01005]	If maximum concentrations are between the upper and lower assessment thresholds	If maximum concentrations are between the upper and lower assessment thresholds
	Arsenic, Cadmium, Nickel	Benzo(a)pyrene	Arsenic, Cadmium, Nickel	Benzo(a)pyrene
(1) To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	(1) To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	(1) To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	(1) To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	(1) To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.
0–749	1	1	1	1
750–1999	2	2	1	1
2000–3749	2	3	1	1
3750–4749	3	4	2	2
4750–5999	4	5	2	2
≥6000	5	5	2	2

Point sources

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PART 4 — Ozone

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PART 5 — Ozone: minimum number of sampling points for fixed measurements for zones attaining the long-term objectives

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SCHEDULE 6 — Location of sampling points

PART 1 — Macroscale siting for Group A pollutants

Sampling points for the protection of human health

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Protection of ecosystems and vegetation

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PART 2 — Macroscale siting for Group B pollutants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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PART 3 — Macroscale siting for ozone

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PART 4 — Microscale siting

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PART 5 — Documentation and review of site selection

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SCHEDULE 7 — Requirements for assessment methods other than fixed measurement

PART 1 — Group A pollutants

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PART 2 — Group B pollutants

Requirements for air quality models

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Requirements for objective estimation techniques

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Standardisation

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PART 3 — Ozone and ozone precursor substances

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SCHEDULE 8 — Data quality objectives

PART 1 — Group A pollutants and PM2·5

Group A pollutants (other than benzene and carbon monoxide) and PM2·5

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Benzene and carbon monoxide

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PART 2 — Group B pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and total gaseous mercury

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PART 3 — Ozone and related nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide assessed at ozone sampling points

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SCHEDULE 9 — Reference methods

PART 1 — Group A pollutants

	Reference method
Sampling and measurement of benzene	EN 14662:2005, Parts 1, 2 and 3 “Ambient air quality – standard method for measurement of benzene concentrations”
Analysis of carbon monoxide	EN 14626:2005 “Ambient air quality – Standard method for the measurement of the concentration of carbon monoxide by nondispersive infrared spectroscopy”
Sampling of lead	The same reference method as for PM₁₀
Analysis of lead	ISO 9855: 1993 Ambient air – Determination of the particulate lead content of aerosols collected in filters. Atomic absorption spectroscopy method
Analysis of nitrogen dioxide and oxides of nitrogen	ISO 7996: 1985 Ambient air – determination of the mass concentrations of nitrogen oxides – chemiluminescence method
Sampling and measurement of PM₁₀	EN 12341:1998 “Air Quality – Field Test Procedure to Demonstrate Reference Equivalence of Sampling Methods for the PM₁₀ fraction of particulate matter”. The measurement principle is based on the collection on a filter of the PM₁₀ fraction of ambient particulate matter and the gravimetric mass determination
Analysis of sulphur dioxide	ISO/FDIS 10498 (Standard in draft) Ambient air – determination of sulphur dioxide – ultraviolet fluorescence method

PART 2 — Group B pollutants in ambient air

	Reference method
Sampling of Group B pollutants other than benzo(a)pyrene	The same method as for sampling and measurement of PM₁₀
Analysis of Group B pollutants other than benzo(a)pyrene	EN 14902:2005 “Ambient air quality – standard method for the measurement of Pb, Cd, As and NI in the PM₁₀ fraction of suspended particulate matter”
Benzo(a)pyrene concentrations	A method based on manual PM₁₀ sampling equivalent to EN 12341

PART 3 — Ozone

	Reference method
Measurement of ozone	EN 14625:2005 “Ambient air quality – standard method for the measurement of the concentration of ozone by ultraviolet photometry”

PART 4 — Other reference methods

	Reference method
Sampling and analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air	A method based on manual PM₁₀ sampling equivalent to EN 12341
Sampling and analysis of mercury in ambient air	An automated method based on Atomic Absorption Spectrometry or Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry
Sampling and analysis of the deposition of Group B pollutants, mercury, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons	A method based on the exposition of cylindrical deposit gauges with standardised dimensions

SCHEDULE 10 — Ozone precursor substances

Objectives

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Substances

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Reference methods

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Monitoring sites

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SCHEDULE 11 — Public information where alert or information thresholds are exceeded

PART 1 — Alert thresholds for nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide

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PART 2 — Alert and information thresholds for ozone

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SCHEDULE 12 — Collation of information and criteria for aggregating data and calculating statistical parameters

PART 1 — Information to be submitted to the Commission

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PART 2 — Criteria for aggregating data and calculating statistical parameters

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Signed

SARAH H BOYACK — Authorised to sign by the Scottish Ministers — 6th March 2007

Explanatory note

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Footnotes

[^f00001]: 1972 c. 68. Section 2(2) was amended by the Scotland Act 1998 (c. 46), Schedule 8 paragraph 15(3). The function of the Minister of the Crown exercisable under section 2(2) was, in so far as exercisable within devolved competence, transferred to the Scottish Ministers by section 53 of the Scotland Act 1998.

[^f00002]: This standard is issued by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN); (copies may be obtained from CEN at 36, Rue de Stassart B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cenorm.be).

[^f00003]: O.J. No L 296, 21.11.96, p.55.

[^f00004]: O.J. No L 163, 29.06.99, p.41.

[^f00005]: O.J. No L 313, 13.12.00, p.12.

[^f00006]: O.J. No L 67, 09.03.02, p.14.

[^f00007]: O.J. No L 23, 26.01.05, p.3.

[^f00008]: O.J. No L 257, 10.10.96, p.26.

[^f00009]: The Directive is implemented by the Pollution Prevention and Control (Scotland) Regulations 2000 (S.S.I. 2000/323 as amended by the Antisocial Behaviour etc. (Scotland) Act 2004 (asp 8), Schedule 2 paragraph 7, S.S.I. 2002/493, S.S.I. 2003/146, 170, 221 and 235, S.S.I. 2004/26, 110, 112 and 512, S.S.I. 2005/101, 340 and 510).

[^f00010]: O.J. No. L 87, 25.03.04, p.50.

[^f00011]: S.S.I. 2003/428 amended by S.S.I. 2003/547 and S.S.I. 2005/300.

[^f00012]: The European co operative programme for Monitoring and Evaluation of the long-range transmission of air pollutants in Europe (http://www.emep.int).

[^f00013]: S.S.I. 2003/428.

[^f00014]: S.S.I. 2003/547.

[^f00015]: S.S.I. 2005/300.

[^f00016]: Regulation 6 of S.I. 1989/317 has been revoked so far as it applies in Scotland by S.S.I. 2003/428 (regulation 16) but with effect from 1st January 2010, so that this revocation will not have taken effect by the time S.S.I. 2003/428 is itself revoked.

[^f00017]: S.I. 1989/317, amended by S.I. 1995/3146 in relation to regulation 6.

[^f00018]: S.I. 1995/3146.

[^f00019]: O.J. No L 125, 18.05.94, p.1.

[^f00020]: Copies of International Standards Organisation publications referred to in this Schedule or in Schedule 9 may be purchased from the British Standards Institution (“BSI”) Sales Department either by telephone (0208 996 9001) or by post from the BSI, Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, http://www.bsi-global.com.

[^f00021]: European Committee for Standardisation (CEN) publication; (copies may be obtained from CEN at 36, Rue de Stassart, B 1050, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cenorm.be).

[^f00022]: This standard is issued by the European Committee for Standardisation (CEN); (copies may be obtained from CEN at 36, Rue Stassart B-1050, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cenorm.be).

[^f00023]: O.J. L 35, 05.02.97, p.14.

Benzene

	Averaging period	Limit value	Attainment date
Limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	5 μg/m³	1st January 2010

Carbon monoxide

For the purposes of this table, the maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8 hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, i.e. the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on that day.

	Averaging period	Limit value
Limit value for the protection of human health	Maximum daily 8-hour mean	10 mg/m³

Lead

	Averaging period	Limit value
Annual limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	0.5 μg/m³

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)

	Averaging period	Limit value	Attainment date
Hourly limit value for the protection of human health	1 hour	200 μg/m³ NO₂, not to be exceeded more than 18 times a calendar year	1st January 2010
Annual limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	40 μg/m³ NO₂	1st January 2010
Annual limit value for the protection of vegetation	Calendar year	30 μg/m³ NOx

PM10

	Averaging period	Limit value
24-hour limit value for the protection of human health	24 hours	50 μg/m³ PM₁₀, not to be exceeded more than 35 times a calendar year
Annual limit value for the protection of human health	Calendar year	40 μg/m³ PM₁₀

Sulphur dioxide

	Averaging period	Limit value
Hourly limit value for the protection of human health	1 hour	350 μg/m³, not to be exceeded more than 24 times a calendar year
Daily limit value for the protection of human health	24 hours	125 μg/m³, not to be exceeded more than 3 times a calendar year
Limit value for the protection of ecosystems	Calendar year and winter (1st October to 31st March)	20 μg/m³

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Target values

The attainment date for the target values set out in the following table is 2010, with compliance assessed over the periods indicated for each target value in the table.

¹Compliance with target values will be assessed as of this value. That is, 2010 will be the first year the data for which is used in calculating compliance over three or five years, as appropriate.	¹Compliance with target values will be assessed as of this value. That is, 2010 will be the first year the data for which is used in calculating compliance over three or five years, as appropriate.	¹Compliance with target values will be assessed as of this value. That is, 2010 will be the first year the data for which is used in calculating compliance over three or five years, as appropriate.
²The maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8-hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, that is, the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day will be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on the day.	²The maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8-hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, that is, the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day will be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on the day.	²The maximum daily 8-hour mean concentration shall be selected by examining 8-hour running averages, calculated from hourly data and updated each hour. Each 8-hour average so calculated shall be assigned to the day on which it ends, that is, the first calculation period for any one day shall be the period from 17:00 on the previous day to 01:00 on that day; the last calculation period for any one day will be the period from 16:00 to 24:00 on the day.
³If the three or five year averages cannot be determined on the basis of a full and consecutive set of annual data, the minimum annual data required for checking compliance with the target values shall be as follows: (i) for the target value for the protection of human health, valid data for one year; and (ii) for the target value for the protection of vegetation, valid data for three years.	³If the three or five year averages cannot be determined on the basis of a full and consecutive set of annual data, the minimum annual data required for checking compliance with the target values shall be as follows: (i) for the target value for the protection of human health, valid data for one year; and (ii) for the target value for the protection of vegetation, valid data for three years.	³If the three or five year averages cannot be determined on the basis of a full and consecutive set of annual data, the minimum annual data required for checking compliance with the target values shall be as follows: (i) for the target value for the protection of human health, valid data for one year; and (ii) for the target value for the protection of vegetation, valid data for three years.
	Parameter	Target value and assessment for 2010¹
Target value for the protection of human health	Maximum daily 8-hour mean²	120 μg/m³ not to be exceeded on more than 25 days per calendar year averaged over three years(3)
Target value for the protection of vegetation	AOT 40, calculated from 1 hour values from May to July	18,000 μg/m³.hour averaged over five years³

Long-term objectives

	Parameter	Long-term objective
Long-term objective for the protection of human health	Maximum daily 8-hour mean within a calendar year	120 μg/m³
Long-term objective for the protection of vegetation	AOT40, calculated from 1 h values from May to July	6,000 μg/m³.h

Benzene

	Annual average
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (3.5 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of limit value (2 μg/m³)

Carbon monoxide

	Eight-hour average
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (7 mg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of limit value (5 mg/m³)

Lead

	Annual average
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (0.35 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of limit value (0.25 μg/m³)

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and oxides of nitrogen (NOx)

	Hourly limit value for the protection of human health (NO₂ )	Annual limit value for the protection of human health (NO₂)	Annual limit value for the protection of vegetation (NOx)
Upper assessment threshold	70% of limit value (140 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 18 times in any calendar year	80% of limit value (32 μg/m³)	80% of limit value (24 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of limit value (100 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 18 times in any calendar year	65% of limit value (26 μg/m³)	65% of limit value (19.5 μg/m³)

PM10

	24-hour average	Annual average
Upper assessment threshold	60% of limit value (30 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 7 times in any calendar year	70% of limit value (14 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of limit value (20 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 7 times in any calendar year	50% of limit value (10 μg/m³)

Sulphur dioxide

	Health protection	Ecosystem protection
Upper assessment threshold	60% of 24-hour limit value (75 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 3 times in any calendar year	60% of winter limit value (12 μg/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of 24-hour limit value (50 μg/m³), not to be exceeded more than 3 times in any calendar year	40% of winter limit value (8 μg/m³)

Arsenic

Upper assessment threshold	60% of target value (3.6 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of target value (2.4 ng/m³)

Benzo(a)pyrene

Upper assessment threshold	60% of target value (0.6 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of target value (0.4 ng/m³)

Cadmium

Upper assessment threshold	60% of target value (3 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	40% of target value (2 ng/m³)

Nickel

Upper assessment threshold	70% of target value (14 ng/m³)
Lower assessment threshold	50% of target value (10 ng/m³)

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Diffuse sources

¹For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.	¹For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.	¹For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.	¹For NO₂ and PM₁₀ to include at least one urban-background station and one traffic-orientated station; this requirement shall also apply to benzene and carbon monoxide provided that it does not increase the number of sampling points.
Population of zone (thousands)	If concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold¹	If maximum concentrations are between the upper and lower assessment thresholds	For nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide in agglomerations where maximum concentrations are below the lower assessment thresholds
0–249	1	1	not applicable
250–499	2	1	1
500–749	2	1	1
750–999	3	1	1
1,000–1,499	4	2	1
1,500–1,999	5	2	1
2,000–2,749	6	3	2
2,750–3,749	7	3	2
3,750–4,749	8	4	2
4,750–5,999	9	4	2
6,000 or more	10	5	3

Diffuse sources

¹To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	¹To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	¹To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	¹To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.	¹To include at least one urban-background station and for benzo(a)pyrene also one traffic-oriented station provided this does not increase the number of sampling points.
Population of zone (thousands)	If maximum concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold¹	If maximum concentrations exceed the upper assessment threshold¹	If maximum concentrations are between the upper and lower assessment thresholds	If maximum concentrations are between the upper and lower assessment thresholds
	Arsenic, Cadmium, Nickel	Benzo(a)pyrene	Arsenic, Cadmium, Nickel	Benzo(a)pyrene
0–749	1	1	1	1
750–1999	2	2	1	1
2000–3749	2	3	1	1
3750–4749	3	4	2	2
4750–5999	4	5	2	2
≥6000	5	5	2	2

Editorial notes

[^key-4691bce6a5fe599879f30fcbb36db03c]: Regulations revoked (11.6.2010) by The Air Quality Standards (Scotland) Regulations 2010 (S.S.I. 2010/204), regs. 1(1), 29

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