Children Act 1989

Type Public General Act
Publication 1989-11-16
Last updated 2026-08-27
State In force
Department Statute Law Database
PDF Download
articles Not indexed

An Act to reform the law relating to children; to provide for local authority services for children in need and others; to amend the law with respect to children’s homes, community homes, voluntary homes and voluntary organisations; to make provision with respect to fostering, child minding and day care for young children and adoption; and for connected purposes.

Reform history JSON API
587

S. 97(4): functions of the Secretary of State transferred to the Lord Chancellor (1.4.1992) by S.I. 1992/709, art. 3(1), Sch. 2 (with art. 5(2)).

588

Words in s. 97(4) substituted (1.4.1992) by S.I. 1992/709, art. 3(2), Sch. 2 (with art. 5(2)).

592

S. 98 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

593

Words in s. 98(1)(2) inserted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), s. 261(1), Sch. 27 para. 132; S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(2) (subject to arts. 2(3)-(5))

594

S. 99(1)(2)(4)(5) repealed (1.4.2000) and s. 99(3) repealed (2.4.2001) by 1999 c. 22, ss. 106, 108(1), Sch. 15 Pt. I (with 107, Sch. 14 para. 7(2), 36(9)); S.I. 2000/774, art. 2(c)(i), Sch. (with art. 5); S.I. 2001/916, art. 3(b) (with transitional provisions and savings in Schs. 1, 2)

595

S. 100 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

597

S. 101 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

598

S. 101 extends to England and Wales only except for s. 101(1)(b)(2)(5)(a)(i) which also extend to Northern Ireland. See s. 108(11)(12)

600

S. 102 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

601

Words in s. 102(3) substituted (12.2.2002) by S.I. 2002/253, arts. 1, 54, Sch. 5 para. 10(c) (with art. 3(18)) (the substitution coming into force in accordance with art. 1(2)(3) of the said S.I. 2002/253)

603

Words in s. 102(6)(a) repealed (S.) (1.4.2002) by 2001 asp 8, ss. 80(1), Sch. 4; S.S.I. 2002/162, art. 2(g)(i) (subject to arts. 3-13)

604

Words in s. 102(6)(a) inserted (1.4.2002 for W. and otherwiseprosp.) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 116, 122, Sch. 4 para. 14(22); S.I. 2002/920, art. 3(3)(d) (with art. 3(4)-(10)) (subject to transitional provisions in Schs. 1-3)

606

s. 103 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

607

S. 104 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

608

Words in s. 104 inserted (6.4.2003) by 2002 c. 21, ss. 47, 61, Sch. 3 para. 19; S.I. 2003/962, art. 2(3)(d)(iii) (subject to savings and transitional provisions in arts. 3, 4)

610

Words in s. 104(1) repealed (1.4.2002 (E.W.)) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 117(2), 122, Sch. 6; S.I. 2001/4150, art. 3(3)(c)(viii) (subject to transitional provision in art. 4 of the commencing S.I. and to the amendment of art. 3 by S.I. 2002/1493, art. 6); S.I. 2002/920, art. 3(3)(g) (with art. 3(5)-(10) and transitional provisions in Schs. 1-3)

611

Word in s. 104(2) inserted (1.12.2003) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 111(6)(a), 148 (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2003/3079, art. 2(2)(a)

613

Words in s. 104(2) inserted (E.W.) (13.11.2008) by Children and Young Persons Act 2008 (c. 23), ss. 39, 44, Sch. 3 para. 25(2)

614

S. 104(2A) inserted (8.12.2008 for S.) by Children and Adoption Act 2006 (c. 20), ss. 15, 17, Sch. 2 para. 10(b) and omitted (E.W.) (13.11.2008) by Children and young Persons Act 2008 (c. 23), ss. 39, 44, Sch. 3 para. 25(3) and repealed (E.W.) (1.4.2011 for E., otherwise prosp.) by s. 42, {Sch. 4} of the same Act; S.I. 2008/2870, art. 2(2)(e); S.I. 2010/2891, art. 4(l)

615

S. 104(3A)-(3C) substituted (E.W.) (13.11.2008) for s. 104(3) by Children and Young Persons Act 2008 (c. 23), ss. 39, 44, Sch. 3 para. 25(4)

616

Words in s. 104(3) inserted (1.12.2003) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 111(6)(b), 148 (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2003/3079, art. 2(2)(a)

620

S. 105 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

621

S. 105(1): words in definition of "adoption agency" substituted (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 70(a) (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

623

S. 105(1): definition of "child minder" repealed (1.4.2002 for W. and otherwise (prosp.) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 117(2), 122, Sch. 6; S.I. 2002/ 920, art. 3(3)(g) (with arts. 3(5)-(10))

624

S. 105(1): definition of "child of the family" substituted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), s. 75(3); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

625

S. 105(1): words in the definition of "day care" repealed (W.) (1.4.2011) by Children and Families (Wales) Measure 2010 (nawm 1), ss. 72, 73, 75, Sch. 1 para. 7(a)(i), Sch. 2; S.I. 2010/2582, art. 2, Sch. 1 (subject to arts. 3, 4, 5) (as amended by S.I. 2011/577, art. 2)

626

Definition of "district health authority" in s. 105(1) repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 17, ss.2(1), 5(1)(2), Schs. 1, para. 118(10)(a), 3(with Sch. 2 paras. 6, 16)

627

Definition in s. 105(1) inserted (1.10.1997) by 1996, c. 27, s. 52, Sch. 6 para. 5(with Sch. 9 paras. 8, 9, 10); S.I. 1997/1892, art. 3

629

S. 105(1): definition of "enforcement order" inserted (8.12.2008) by Children and Adoption Act 2006 (c. 20), s. 15, Sch. 2 para. 11; S.I. 2008/2870, art. 2(2)(e)

630

S. 105: definition of "health authority" omitted (1.3.2007) by virtue of National Health Service (Consequential Provisions) Act 2006 (c. 43), s. 2, Sch. 1 para. 125(a)

631

S. 105: words in definition of "health service hospital" substituted (1.3.2007) by National Health Service (Consequential Provisions) Act 2006 (c. 43), s. 2, Sch. 1 para. 125(b)

632

S. 105(1): words in the definition of "hospital" repealed (W.) (1.4.2011) by Children and Families (Wales) Measure 2010 (nawm 1), ss. 72, 73, 75, Sch. 1 para. 7(a)(ii), Sch. 2; S.I. 2010/2582, art. 2, Sch. 1 (subject to arts. 3, 4, 5) (as amended by S.I. 2011/577, art. 2)

634

Definition of "income-based jobseeker's allowance" in s. 105 inserted (7.10.1996) by 1995 c. 18, s. 41(4), Sch. 2 para. 19(4); S.I. 1996/2208, art. 2(b)

635

S. 105(1): definition of "income-related employment and support allowance" inserted (27.10.2008) by Welfare Reform Act 2007 (c. 5), ss. 28, 70, Sch. 3 para. 6(5); S.I. 2008/787, art. 2(4)(f)

636

S. 105(1): definition of "independent hospital" substituted (1.10.2010) by The Health and Social Care Act 2008 (Consequential Amendments No.2) Order 2010 (S.I. 2010/813), art. 7(3)

637

Words in s. 105(1) substituted (1.11.1996) by 1996 c. 56, ss. 582(1), 583(2), Sch. 37, Pt. I para. 91(with Sch. 39, paras. 30, 39)

638

Words in s. 105(1) repealed (1.4.1996) by 1994 c. 19, ss. 22(4), s. 66(8), Sch. 10 para. 13, Sch. 18(with s. 66(7), Sch. 17 paras. 22, 23(2)); S.I. 1996/396, art. 4, Sch. 2

639

Words in definition of "local authority" in s. 105(1) inserted (1.4.1996) by 1994 c. 19, s. 22(4), Sch. 10 para. 13 (with s. 66(7), Sch. 17 paras. 22, 23(2)); S.I. 1996/396, art. 4, Sch. 2

641

S. 105(1): definition substituted (1.4.2011 for E., otherwise prosp.) by Children and Young Persons Act 2008 (c. 23), ss. 8(2), 44, Sch. 1 para. 3(4); S.I. 2010/2891, art. 4(a)

643

S. 105: definition of "Local Health Board" inserted (1.4.2007) by The References to Health Authorities Order 2007 (S.I. 2007/961), arts. 2, 3, Sch. para. 20(3)

645

S. 105(1): definition of "mental nursing home" repealed (1.4.2002 (E.W.)) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 117(2), 122, Sch. 6; S.I. 2001/4150, art. 3(3)(c)(viii) (subject to transitional provision in art. 4 of the commencing S.I. and to the amendment of art. 3 by S.I. 2002/1493, art. 6);S.I. 2002/920, art. 3(3)(g) (with art. 3(5)-(10) and transitional provisions in Schs. 1-3)

647

S. 105(1): definition of "nursing home" repealed (1.4.2002 (E.W.)) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 117(2), 122, Sch. 6; S.I. 2001/4150, art. 3(3)(c)(viii) (subject to transitional provision in art. 4 of the commencing S.I. and to the amendment of art. 3 by S.I. 2002/1493, art. 6); S.I. 2002/920, art. 3(3)(g) (with art. 3(5)-(10) and transitional provisions in Schs. 1-3)

648

S. 105(1): definition of "officer of the Service" inserted (1.4.2001) by 2000 c. 43, s. 74, Sch. 7 Pt. II para. 95; S.I. 2001/919, art. 2(f)(ii)

649

S. 105(1): words in definition of "parental responsibility agreement" substituted (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 70(c) (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

650

S. 105(1): word in the definition of "parental responsibility agreement" inserted (6.4.2009) by Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (c. 22), ss. 56, 68, Sch. 6 para. 31; S.I. 2009/479, art. 6(1)(e)

651

S. 105(1): definition of "private children's home" inserted (1.4.2002 (E.W.)) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 116, 122, Sch. 4 para. 14(23)(a)(vii); S.I. 2001/4150, art. 3(3)(a) (subject to transitional provision in art. 4 of the commencing S.I. and to the amendment of art. 3 by S.I. 2002/1493, art. 6); S.I. 2002/920, art. 3(3)(d) (with art. 3(4)-(10) and transitional provisions in Schs. 1-3)

652

S. 105(1): definition of "protected child" repealed (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 70(d), Sch. 5 (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

653

S. 105(1): definition of "registered children's home" repealed (1.4.2002 (E.W.)) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 117(2), 122, Sch. 6; S.I. 2001/4150, art. 3(3)(c)(viii) (subject to transitional provision in art. 4 of the commencing S.I. and to the amendment of art. 3 by S.I. 2002/1493, art. 6); S.I. 2002/920, art. 3(3)(g) (with art. 3(4)-(10) and transitional provisions in Schs. 1-3)

654

S. 105(1): words in definition of "relative" substituted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), s. 75(4); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

655

S. 105(1): definition of "residential care home" repealed (1.4.2002 (E.W.)) by 2000 c. 14, ss. 117(2), 122, Sch. 6; S.I. 2001/4150, art. 3(3)(c)(viii) (subject to transitional provision in art. 4 of the commencing S.I. and to the amendment of art. 3 by S.I. 2002/1493, art. 6); S.I. 2002/920, art. 3(3)(g) (with art. 3(4)-(10) and transitional provisions in Schs. 1-3)

656

Words in s. 105(1) inserted (1.4.1993) by Registered Homes Act 1991 (c. 20, SIF 113:3), s. 2(6); S.I. 1992/2240, art. 2.

658

S. 105(1): definition of "section 31A plan" inserted (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 70(b) (with Sch. 4 paras 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

659

Words in s. 105(1) substituted (1.11.1996) by 1996 c. 56, ss. 582(1), 583(2), Sch. 37 Pt. I, para. 91(with Sch. 39, paras. 30, 39)

660

S. 105(1): definition of "special guardian" and "special guardianship order" inserted (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 70(e) (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

661

Definition of "special health authority" in s. 105(1) substituted (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 17, s. 2(1)(3), Sch. 1 Pt. III, para. 118(10)(c)(with Sch. 2 para. 6)

662

S. 105: words in definition of "Special Health Authority" substituted (1.3.2007) by National Health Service (Consequential Provisions) Act 2006 (c. 43), s. 2, Sch. 1 para. 125(d)

663

S. 105(1): definition of "Welsh family proceedings officer" inserted (1.4.2005) by Children Act 2004, (c. 31), s. 40, {Sch. 3 para. 11}; S.I. 2005/700, art. 2(2)

665

Words in s. 105(5) substituted (E.W.) (26.10.2000 for E. and 28.7.2001 for W.) by 2000 c. 22, ss. 107(1), 108(4), Sch. 5 para. 22; S.I. 2000/2849, art. 2(f)

666

S. 105(5A) repealed (W.) (1.4.2011) by Children and Families (Wales) Measure 2010 (nawm 1), ss. 72, 73, 75, Sch. 1 para. 7(b), Sch. 2; S.I. 2010/2582, art. 2, Sch. 1 (subject to arts. 3, 4, 5) (as amended by S.I. 2011/577, art. 2)

667

S. 105(5B) inserted (S.) (1.4.2002) by 2001 asp 8, s. 79, Sch. 3 para. 15(2)(b); S.S.I. 2002/162, art. 2(f)(h) (subject to arts. 3-13)

668

Words in s. 105(6)(b) repealed (30.11.2009) by Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4), ss. 6, 149, 153, Sch. 4 para. 36(a), Sch. 28 Pt. 1 (with Sch. 27 paras. 1 and 5); S.I. 2009/3074, art. 2(p)(v)(u)(xi)

669

S. 105(6)(ba) inserted (30.11.2009) by Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008 (c. 4), ss. 6, 153, Sch. 4 para. 36(b) (with Sch. 27 paras. 1 and 5); S.I. 2009/3074, art. 2(p)(v)

671

S. 106 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

672

S. 107 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

673

S. 108 extends to England and Wales, except s. 108(1)(3)(8)(9) which extend to the United Kingdom. See s. 108(11)(12).

674

Words in s. 108(11) repealed (S.) (1.4.2002) by 2001 asp 8, s. 80(1), Sch. 4; S.S.I. 2002/162, art. 2(g)(i) (subject to arts. 3-13)

688

Sch. 1 para. 1 in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

689

Words in Sch. 1 para. 1(1) substituted (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 71(a)(i) (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

690

Words in Sch. 1 para. 1(6) inserted (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 71(a)(ii) (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

692

Sch. 1 para. 2 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

697

Sch. 1 para. 3 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

698

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(1) inserted (5.4.1993) by S.I. 1993/623, art. 2, Sch. 1 para. 10

700

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(5)(a)(7)(8)(a) substituted (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(1), Sch. 3 para. 10(2)(a) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

701

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(5)(a)(b)(ii)(6)(b) substituted (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(1), Sch. 3 para. 10(2)(b) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

703

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(6)(b) substituted (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(1), Sch. 3 para. 10(2)(c) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

704

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(6)(b) substituted (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(1), Sch. 3 para. 10(2)(d) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

705

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(7)(a) repealed (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 85, 86(1), Sch. 9 Pt. I (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

706

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(7)(b) repealed (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 85, 86(1), Sch. 9 Pt. I (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

707

Words in Sch. 1 para. 3(7) repealed (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 85, 86(1), Sch. 9 Pt. I (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, art. 3, 8, Sch.

708

Sch. 1 para. 3(8)(b) and word repealed (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 85, 86(1), Sch. 9 Pt. I (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

709

Sch. 1 para. 4 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

711

Sch. 1 para. 5 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

713

Sch. 1 para. 6 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

714

Words in Sch. 1 para. 6(3) substituted (5.4.1993) by S.I. 1993/623, art. 2, Sch. 1 para. 12

717

Words in Sch. 1 para. 6(9)(c) substituted (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(1), Sch. 3 para. 10(3)(b) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

718

Words in Sch. 1 para. 6(9) substituted (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(1), Sch. 3 para. 10(3)(a) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

719

Sch. 1 para. 6A excluded by 1972 c. 18, s. 34A(1) (as inserted (1.4.1992) by 1991 c. 17, Sch. 1 para. 19(2); S.I. 1992/455, art. 2)

721

Sch. 1 para. 7 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

722

Sch. 1 para. 8 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

723

Words in Sch. 1 para. 8(1)(2)(b) inserted (30.12.2005) by 2002 c. 38, ss. 139, 148, Sch. 3 para. 71(c) (with Sch. 4 paras. 6-8); S.I. 2005/2213, art. 2(o)

724

Sch. 1 para. 9 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

725

Words in Sch. 1 para. 9(2) substituted (5.4.1993) by S.I. 1993/623, art. 2, Sch. 1 para.14

726

Sch. 1 para 10 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

728

Sch. 1 para 11 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

729

Sch. 1 para. 12 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

730

Sch. 1 para. 13 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

731

Sch. 1 para. 15 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

732

Words in Sch. 1 para. 15(2) inserted (5.12.2005) by Civil Partnership Act 2004 (c. 33), s. 78(3); S.I. 2005/3175, art. 2(1), Sch. 1

733

Sch. 1 para. 16 wholly in force at 14.10.1991, see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

736

Words in Sch. 1 para. 16(3) substituted (3.3.2003 for specified purposes) by 2000 c. 19, ss. 26, 86(1), Sch. 3 para. 10(4) (with s. 83(6)); S.I. 2003/192, arts. 3, 8, Sch.

737

Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 1 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

738

Words in Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 1(2)(a)(i) substituted (1.10.2001) by 2000 c. 35, s. 7(4); S.I. 2001/2191, art. 2; S.I. 2001/2878, art. 2

739

Sch. 2 para. 1A repealed (1.3.2005 for E. and 31.7.2008 for W.) by Children Act 2004 (c. 31), s. 64, Sch. 5 Pt. 1; S.I. 2005/394, art. 2(1)(l); S.I. 2008/1904, art. 2(b)

740

Sch. 2 para. 1A and cross heading inserted (1.4.1996) by S.I. 1996/785, art. 2

741

Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 2 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

742

Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 3 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

744

Words in Sch. 2 para. 3(b) substituted (1.11.1996) by 1996 c. 56, ss. 1(4), 582(1), 583(2), Sch. 37, para. 92

746

Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 4 wholly in force at 14.10.1991 see s. 108(2)(3) and S.I. 1991/828, art. 3(2)

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