Legalize / United Kingdom / Public General Act

Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002

Type Public General Act

Publication 2002-11-07

Last updated 2025-12-02

State In force

Department Statute Law Database

Source legislation.gov.uk

articles 1

Reform history JSON API

(11) This section does not prevent a person’s compliance with a residence restriction imposed in reliance on section 70 (induction).

Provision of support by local authority

56

(1) Section 99 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (provision of support by local authority) shall be amended as follows.

(2) In subsection (1)—

(a) after “local authority” insert “ or Northern Ireland authority ”, and

(b) at the end add “ or 98 ”.

(3) For subsections (2) and (3) substitute—

(2) Support may be provided by an authority in accordance with arrangements made with the authority or with another person. (3) Support may be provided by an authority in accordance with arrangements made under section 95 only in one or more of the ways mentioned in section 96(1) and (2).

(4) In subsection (4)—

(a) for “A local authority” substitute “ An authority ”, and

(b) at the end add “ or 98 ”.

(5) In subsection (5)—

(a) for “a local authority” substitute “ an authority ”, and

(b) in paragraph (b) for “bodies who are not local authorities” substitute “ other bodies ”.

Application for support: false or incomplete information

57

At the end of paragraph 12(c) of Schedule 8 to the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (asylum-seeker support: procedure: disregarding of application) there shall be inserted “ (which may, in particular, provide for an application not to be entertained where the Secretary of State is not satisfied that the information provided is complete or accurate or that the applicant is co-operating with enquiries under paragraph (d)) ”.

Voluntary departure from United Kingdom

58

(1) A person is a “voluntary leaver” for the purposes of this section if—

(a) he is not a British citizen ...,

(b) he leaves the United Kingdom for a place where he hopes to take up permanent residence (his “new place of residence”), and

(c) the Secretary of State thinks that it is in the person’s interest to leave the United Kingdom and that the person wishes to leave.

(2) The Secretary of State may make arrangements to—

(a) assist voluntary leavers;

(b) assist individuals to decide whether to become voluntary leavers.

(3) The Secretary of State may, in particular, make payments (whether to voluntary leavers or to organisations providing services for them) which relate to—

(a) travelling and other expenses incurred by or on behalf of a voluntary leaver, or a member of his family or household, in leaving the United Kingdom;

(b) expenses incurred by or on behalf of a voluntary leaver, or a member of his family or household, on or shortly after arrival in his new place of residence;

(c) the provision of services designed to assist a voluntary leaver, or a member of his family or household, to settle in his new place of residence;

(d) expenses in connection with a journey undertaken by a person (with or without his family or household) to prepare for, or to assess the possibility of, his becoming a voluntary leaver.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) The following provisions of the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) shall cease to have effect—

(a) section 29 (contributions to expenses of persons returning abroad), and

(b) section 31(d) (expenses).

International projects

59

(1) The Secretary of State may participate in a project which is designed to—

(a) reduce migration,

(b) assist or ensure the return of migrants,

(d) conduct or consider research about migration, or

(e) arrange or assist the settlement of migrants (whether in the United Kingdom or elsewhere).

(2) In particular, the Secretary of State may—

(a) provide financial support to an international organisation which arranges or participates in a project of a kind described in subsection (1);

(b) provide financial support to an organisation in the United Kingdom or another country which arranges or participates in a project of that kind;

(c) provide or arrange for the provision of financial or other assistance to a migrant who participates in a project of that kind;

(d) participate in financial or other arrangements which are agreed between Her Majesty’s Government and the government of one or more other countries and which are or form part of a project of that kind.

(3) In this section—

(a) “migrant” means a person who leaves the country where he lives hoping to settle in another country (whether or not he is a refugee within the meaning of any international Convention), and

(b) “migration” shall be construed accordingly.

(4) Subsection (1) does not—

(a) confer a power to remove a person from the United Kingdom, or

(b) affect a person’s right to enter or remain in the United Kingdom.

Northern Ireland authorities

60

(1) In section 110(9) of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (support: payment to local authority: Northern Ireland authority) after paragraph (b) there shall be added—

; or (c) a Health and Social Services trust established under the Health and Personal Social Services (Northern Ireland) Order 1991 (S.I. 1991/194 (N.I. 1).

(2) In section 94(1) of that Act (support: interpretation) after the definition of “local authority” there shall be inserted—

“Northern Ireland authority” has the meaning given by section 110(9).

Repeal of spent provisions

61

The following provisions of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 shall cease to have effect—

(a) section 96(4) to (6)(which relate to a provision about support for asylum-seekers which has been repealed by order), and

(b) section 166(4)(e)(order under section 96(5): procedure).

Part 4 — Detention and Removal

Detention

Detention by Secretary of State

62

(1) A person may be detained under the authority of the Secretary of State pending—

(a) a decision by the Secretary of State whether to give directions in respect of the person under section 10 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (removal of persons unlawfully in the United Kingdom) or paragraph 10, 10A or 14 of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (control of entry: removal), or

(b) removal of the person from the United Kingdom in pursuance of directions given by the Secretary of State under any of those provisions.

(2) Where the Secretary of State is empowered under section 3A of the Immigration Act 1971 (powers of Secretary of State) to examine a person or to give or refuse a person leave to enter the United Kingdom, the person may be detained under the authority of the Secretary of State pending—

(a) the person’s examination by the Secretary of State,

(b) the Secretary of State’s decision to give or refuse the person leave to enter,

(c) a decision by the Secretary of State whether to give directions in respect of the person under paragraph 8 or 9 of Schedule 2 to that Act (removal), or

(d) removal of the person in pursuance of directions given by the Secretary of State under either of those paragraphs.

(2N) A person liable to be detained under this section may be detained for such period as, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, is reasonably necessary to enable the decision to be made, the removal or examination to be carried out, or the directions to be given.

(2O) Subsections (1) and (2) apply regardless of whether there is anything that for the time being prevents the decision from being made, the removal or examination from being carried out, or the directions from being given.

(2P) Subsections (2N) and (2O) are subject to—

(a) paragraph 18B of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971 (limitation on detention of unaccompanied children), as applied by subsection (3);

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(2Q) Subsection (2R) applies if, while a person is detained under this section, the Secretary of State no longer considers that the decision will be made, the removal or examination will be carried out, or the directions will be given within a reasonable period of time.

(2R) The person may be detained under this section for such further period as, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, is reasonably necessary to enable such arrangements to be made for the person’s release as the Secretary of State considers to be appropriate.

(3) A provision of Schedule 2 to that Act about a person who is detained or liable to detention under that Schedule , other than paragraph 17A, shall apply to a person who is detained or liable to detention under this section: and for that purpose—

(a) a reference to paragraph 16 of that Schedule shall be taken to include a reference to this section,

(aa) a reference in paragraph 18B of that Schedule to an immigration officer shall be read as a reference to the Secretary of State,

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and

(c) a reference to detention under that Schedule or under a provision or Part of that Schedule shall be taken to include a reference to detention under this section.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7) A power under this section which is exercisable pending a decision of a particular kind by the Secretary of State is exercisable where the Secretary of State has reasonable grounds to suspect that he may make a decision of that kind.

(7A) The detention under this section of a person to whom section 60 (limitation on detention of pregnant women) of the Immigration Act 2016 applies is subject to that section.

(8) At the end of section 11(1) of the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (person not deemed to have entered United Kingdom while detained, &c.) there shall be inserted “or section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002”.

(9) In section 24(1)(e) of the Immigration Act 1971 (offence: failure to comply with restriction) for “or to an immigration officer” there shall be substituted “, to an immigration officer or to the Secretary of State”.

(10) In the Mental Health Act 1983 (c. 20)—

(a) at the end of section 48(2)(d) (detained persons susceptible to transfer for mental treatment: immigration) there shall be added “or under section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 (detention by Secretary of State)”, and

(b) in the heading of section 53 (supplemental provision) the reference to the Immigration Act 1971 becomes a reference to the Immigration Acts.

(11) In the Mental Health (Scotland) Act 1984 (c. 36)—

(a) at the end of section 71(2)(c) (detained persons who may be transferred to hospital for mental treatment) there shall be added “or under section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 (detention by the Secretary of State)”, and

(b) at the end of section 74(1)(b) (further provision about such persons) there shall be added “or under section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 (detention by the Secretary of State)”.

(12) In the Mental Health (Northern Ireland) Order 1986 (S.I. 1986/595 (N.I. 4))—

(a) at the end of Article 54(2)(d) (detained persons susceptible to transfer for mental treatment: immigration) there shall be added “or under section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 (detention by Secretary of State)”, and

(b) in the heading of Article 59 (supplemental provision) the reference to the Immigration Act 1971 becomes a reference to the Immigration Acts.

(13) Section 53 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (bail) shall be amended as follows—

(a) at the end of subsection (1) add “or under section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002”, and

(b) at the end of subsection (3)(a) add “or under section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002”.

(14) In section 147 of that Act (detention centres: interpretation) at the end of the definition of “detained persons” there shall be inserted “or under section 62 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 (detention by Secretary of State);”.

(15) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Control of entry to United Kingdom, &c.: use of force

63

In paragraph 17(2) of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (control of entry, &c.: person liable to detention: use of force) for “if need be by force” there shall be substituted “ if need be by reasonable force ”.

Escorts

64

The following shall be added after paragraph 17(2) of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971 (detention for examination or removal: right to enter premises)—

(3) Sub-paragraph (4) applies where an immigration officer or constable— (a) enters premises in reliance on a warrant under sub-paragraph (2), and (b) detains a person on the premises. (4) A detainee custody officer may enter the premises, if need be by reasonable force, for the purpose of carrying out a search. (5) In sub-paragraph (4)— - “detainee custody officer” means a person in respect of whom a certificate of authorisation is in force under section 154 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (detained persons: escort and custody), and - “search” means a search under paragraph 2(1)(a) of Schedule 13 to that Act (escort arrangements: power to search detained person).

Detention centres: custodial functions

65

(1) The following shall be substituted for section 154(5) of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (power to confer functions of detainee custody officers on prison officers and prisoner custody officers)—

(5) The Secretary of State may confer functions of detainee custody officers on prison officers or prisoner custody officers.

(2) The following shall be added at the end of Schedule 11 to that Act (detainee custody officers)—

(8) A reference in this Schedule to a detainee custody officer includes a reference to a prison officer or prisoner custody officer exercising custodial functions.

(3) The following shall be added at the end of Schedule 12 to that Act (discipline at detention centre)—

(9) A reference in this Schedule to a detainee custody officer includes a reference to a prison officer or prisoner custody officer exercising custodial functions.

Detention centres: change of name

66

(1) In section 147 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (Part VIII: interpretation)—

(a) the definition of “detention centre” shall cease to have effect, and

(b) the following shall be inserted after the definition of “prisoner custody officer”—

“removal centre” means a place which is used solely for the detention of detained persons but which is not a short-term holding facility, a prison or part of a prison;

(2) In the provisions listed in subsection (3) (and any relevant headings)—

(a) for the words “detention centre” there shall be substituted the words “ removal centre ”, and

(b) for the words “detention centres” there shall be substituted the words “ removal centres ”.

(3) The provisions are—

(a) in section 147 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (Part VIII: interpretation), the definitions of “contracted out detention centre”, “contractor”, “custodial functions”, “detention centre contract”, “detention centre rules”, and “directly managed detention centre”,

(b) section 148 of that Act (management of centre),

(d) section 151 of that Act (intervention by Secretary of State),

(e) section 152 of that Act (visiting committee),

(f) section 153 of that Act (rules),

(g) section 155 of that Act (custodial functions),

(h) section 157 of that Act (short-term holding facility),

(i) section 158 of that Act (disclosure of information),

(j) section 159 of that Act (power of constable),

(k) Schedule 11 to that Act (detainee custody officer),

(l) Schedule 12 to that Act (procedure at detention centre),

(m) Schedule 13 to that Act (escort),

(n) section 141(5)(e) and (6) of that Act (fingerprinting),

(o) section 5A(5A) of the Prison Act 1952 (c. 52) (Chief Inspector of Prisons), and

(p) paragraph 13 of Schedule 4A to the Water Industry Act 1991 (c. 56) (disconnection).

(4) A reference in an enactment or instrument to a detention centre within the meaning of Part VIII of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) shall be construed as a reference to a removal centre within the meaning of that Part.

Construction of reference to person liable to detention

67

(1) This section applies to the construction of a provision which—

(a) does not confer power to detain a person, but

(b) refers (in any terms) to a person who is liable to detention under a provision of the Immigration Acts.

(2) The reference shall be taken to include a person if the only reason why he cannot be detained under the provision is that—

(a) he cannot presently be removed from the United Kingdom, because of a legal impediment connected with the United Kingdom’s obligations under an international agreement,

(b) practical difficulties are impeding or delaying the making of arrangements for his removal from the United Kingdom, or

(c) practical difficulties, or demands on administrative resources, are impeding or delaying the taking of a decision in respect of him.

(3) This section shall be treated as always having had effect.

Temporary release

Bail

68

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Reporting restriction: travel expenses

69

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Induction

70

(1) A residence condition may be imposed on an asylum-seeker or a dependant of an asylum-seeker without regard to his personal circumstances if—

(a) it requires him to reside at a specified location for a period not exceeding 14 days, and

(b) the person imposing the residence condition believes that a programme of induction will be made available to the asylum-seeker at or near the specified location.

(2) In subsection (1) “residence condition” means a condition imposed under Schedule 10 to the Immigration Act 2016.

(3) In this section—

“asylum-seeker” has the meaning given by section 18 of this Act but disregarding section 18(1)(a),

“dependant of an asylum-seeker” means a person who appears to the Secretary of State to be making a claim or application in respect of residence in the United Kingdom by virtue of being a dependant of an asylum-seeker, and

“programme of induction” means education about the nature of the asylum process.

(4) Regulations under subsection (3)—

(a) may make different provision for different circumstances,

(b) must be made by statutory instrument, and

(5) Subsection (6) applies where the Secretary of State arranges for the provision of a programme of induction (whether or not he also provides other facilities to persons attending the programme and whether or not all the persons attending the programme are subject to residence conditions).

(6) A local authority may arrange for or participate in the provision of the programme or other facilities.

(7) In particular, a local authority may—

(a) incur reasonable expenditure;

(b) provide services outside its area;

(d) form a company;

(e) tender for or enter into a contract;

(f) do anything (including anything listed in paragraphs (a) to (e)) for a preparatory purpose.

(8) In this section “local authority” means—

(a) a local authority within the meaning of section 94 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33), and

(b) a Northern Ireland authority within the meaning of section 110 of that Act.

Asylum-seeker: residence, &c. restriction

71

(1) This section applies to—

(a) a person who makes a claim for asylum at a time when he has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, and

(b) a dependant of a person within paragraph (a).

(2) The Secretary of State or an immigration officer may impose on a person to whom this section applies any condition which may be imposed under Schedule 10 to the Immigration Act 2016 on a person liable to detention under paragraph 16 of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971.

(3) Where a condition is imposed on a person under subsection (2)—

(a) the condition shall be treated for all purposes as a condition imposed under Schedule 10 to the Immigration Act 2016, and

(b) if the person fails to comply with the condition he shall be liable to detention under paragraph 16 of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971.

(4) A condition imposed on a person under this section shall cease to have effect if he ceases to be an asylum-seeker or the dependant of an asylum-seeker.

(5) In this section—

“asylum-seeker” has the same meaning as in section 70,

“claim for asylum” has the same meaning as in section 18, and

“dependant” means a person who appears to the Secretary of State to be making a claim or application in respect of residence in the United Kingdom by virtue of being a dependant of another person.

(6) Regulations under subsection (5)—

(a) may make different provision for different circumstances,

(b) must be made by statutory instrument, and

Removal

Serious criminal

72

(1) This section applies for the purpose of the construction and application of Article 33(2) of the Refugee Convention (exclusion from prohibition of expulsion or return).

(2) A person is convicted by a final judgment of a particularly serious crime ... if he is—

(a) convicted in the United Kingdom of an offence, and

(b) sentenced to a period of imprisonment of at least 12 months.

(3) A person is convicted by a final judgment of a particularly serious crime ... if—

(a) he is convicted outside the United Kingdom of an offence,

(b) he is sentenced to a period of imprisonment of at least 12 months, and

(c) he could have been sentenced to a period of imprisonment of at least 12 months had his conviction been a conviction in the United Kingdom of a similar offence.

(4) A person is convicted by a final judgment of a particularly serious crime ... if—

(a) he is convicted of an offence specified by order of the Secretary of State, or

(b) he is convicted outside the United Kingdom of an offence and the Secretary of State certifies that in his opinion the offence is similar to an offence specified by order under paragraph (a).

(5) An order under subsection (4)—

(a) must be made by statutory instrument, and

(b) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

(5A) A person convicted by a final judgment of a particularly serious crime (whether within or outside the United Kingdom) is to be presumed to constitute a danger to the community of the United Kingdom.

(6) A presumption under subsection (5A) that a person constitutes a danger to the community is rebuttable by that person.

(7) A presumption under subsection (5A) does not apply while an appeal against conviction or sentence—

(a) is pending, or

(b) could be brought (disregarding the possibility of appeal out of time with leave).

(8) Section 34(1) of the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 (c. 24) (no need to consider gravity of fear or threat of persecution) applies for the purpose of considering whether a presumption under subsection (5A) has been rebutted as it applies for the purpose of considering whether Article 33(2) of the Refugee Convention applies.

(9) Subsection (10) applies where—

(a) a person appeals under section 82 ... of this Act or under section 2 of the Special Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997 (c. 68) wholly or partly on the ground mentioned in section 84(1)(a) or (3)(a) of this Act (breach of the United Kingdom's obligations under the Refugee Convention), and

(b) the Secretary of State issues a certificate that a presumption under subsection (5A) applies to the person (subject to rebuttal).

(10) The . . . Tribunal or Commission hearing the appeal—

(a) must begin substantive deliberation on the appeal by considering the certificate, and

(b) if in agreement that a presumption under subsection (5A) applies (having given the appellant an opportunity for rebuttal) must dismiss the appeal in so far as it relies on the ground specified in subsection (9)(a).

(10A) Subsection (10) also applies in relation to the Upper Tribunal when it acts under section 12(2)(b)(ii) of the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007.

(11) For the purposes of this section—

(a) “the Refugee Convention” means the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees done at Geneva on 28th July 1951 and its Protocol, and

(b) a reference to a person who is sentenced to a period of imprisonment of at least 12 months —

(i) does not include a reference to a person who receives a suspended sentence (unless a court subsequently orders that the sentence or any part of it is to take effect),

(ia) does not include a reference to a person who is sentenced to a period of imprisonment of at least 12 months only by virtue of being sentenced to consecutive sentences which amount in aggregate to more than 12 months,

(ii) includes a reference to a person who is sentenced to detention, or ordered or directed to be detained, in an institution other than a prison (including, in particular, a hospital or an institution for young offenders), and

(iii) includes a reference to a person who is sentenced to imprisonment or detention, or ordered or directed to be detained, for an indeterminate period (provided that it may last for 12 months).

Family

73

(1) The following shall be inserted after paragraph 10 of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (control of entry: removal)—

(10A) Where directions are given in respect of a person under any of paragraphs 8 to 10 above, directions to the same effect may be given under that paragraph in respect of a member of the person’s family.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) In paragraph 16(2) of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (control of entry, &c.: detention) for the words “8 to 10” there shall be substituted “ 8 to 10A ”.

Deception

74

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Exemption from deportation

75

(1) Section 7 of the Immigration Act 1971 (existing residents exempt from deportation) shall be amended as follows.

(2) Subsection (1)(a) (which is redundant) shall cease to have effect.

(3) The following shall be substituted for subsection (1)(b)—

(b) shall not be liable to deportation under section 3(5) if at the time of the Secretary of State’s decision he had for the last five years been ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom and Islands;

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Revocation of leave to enter or remain

76

(1) The Secretary of State may revoke a person’s indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom if the person—

(a) is liable to deportation, but

(b) cannot be deported for legal reasons.

(2) The Secretary of State may revoke a person’s indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom if—

(a) the leave was obtained by deception,

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) The Secretary of State may revoke a person’s indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom if the person, or someone of whom he is a dependant, ceases to be a refugee as a result of—

(a) voluntarily availing himself of the protection of his country of nationality,

(b) voluntarily re-acquiring a lost nationality,

(d) voluntarily establishing himself in a country in respect of which he was a refugee.

(4) In this section—

“indefinite leave” has the meaning given by section 33(1) of the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (interpretation),

“liable to deportation” has the meaning given by section 3(5) and (6) of that Act (deportation),

“refugee” has the meaning given by the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees done at Geneva on 28th July 1951 and its Protocol, and

(5) A power under subsection (1) or (2) to revoke leave may be exercised—

(a) in respect of leave granted before this section comes into force;

(b) in reliance on anything done before this section comes into force.

(6) A power under subsection (3) to revoke leave may be exercised—

(a) in respect of leave granted before this section comes into force, but

(b) only in reliance on action taken after this section comes into force.

(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No removal while claim for asylum pending

77

(1) While a person’s claim for asylum is pending he may not be—

(a) removed from the United Kingdom in accordance with a provision of the Immigration Acts, or

(b) required to leave the United Kingdom in accordance with a provision of the Immigration Acts.

(2) In this section—

(a) “claim for asylum” means a claim by a person that it would be contrary to the United Kingdom’s obligations under the Refugee Convention to remove him from or require him to leave the United Kingdom, and

(b) a person’s claim is pending until he is given notice of the Secretary of State’s decision on it.

(2A) This section does not prevent a person being removed to, or being required to leave to go to, a State falling within subsection (2B).

(2B) A State falls within this subsection if—

(a) it is a place where a person’s life and liberty are not threatened by reason of the person’s race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion,

(b) it is a place from which a person will not be removed elsewhere other than in accordance with the Refugee Convention,

(i) to which a person can be removed without their Convention rights under Article 3 (no torture or inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment) being contravened, and

(ii) from which a person will not be sent to another State in contravention of the person’s Convention rights, and

(d) the person is not a national or citizen of the State.

(2C) For the purposes of this section—

(a) any State to which Part 2 or 3 of Schedule 3 to the Asylum and Immigration (Treatment of Claimants, etc) Act 2004 for the time being applies—

(i) is to be presumed to be a State falling within subsection (2B)(a) and (b), and

(ii) is, unless the contrary is shown by a person to be the case in their particular circumstances, to be presumed to be a State falling within subsection (2B)(c)(i) and (ii);

(b) any State to which Part 4 of that Schedule for the time being applies is to be presumed to be a State falling within subsection (2B)(a) and (b);

(c) a reference to anything being done in accordance with the Refugee Convention is a reference to the thing being done in accordance with the principles of the Convention, whether or not by a signatory to it;

(d) “State” includes any territory outside of the United Kingdom.

(3) In this section, “Convention rights” means the rights identified as Convention rights by section 1 of the Human Rights Act 1998 (whether or not in relation to a State that is a party to the Convention); and “the Refugee Convention” means the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees done at Geneva on 28th July 1951 and its Protocol.

(4) Nothing in this section shall prevent any of the following while a claim for asylum is pending—

(a) the giving of a direction for the claimant’s removal from the United Kingdom,

(b) the making of a deportation order in respect of the claimant, or

(5) Section 15 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (protection from removal or deportation) shall cease to have effect.

No removal while appeal pending

78

(1) While a person’s appeal under section 82(1) is pending he may not be—

(a) removed from the United Kingdom in accordance with a provision of the Immigration Acts, or

(b) required to leave the United Kingdom in accordance with a provision of the Immigration Acts.

(2) In this section “pending” has the meaning given by section 104.

(3) Nothing in this section shall prevent any of the following while an appeal is pending—

(a) the giving of a direction for the appellant’s removal from the United Kingdom,

(b) the making of a deportation order in respect of the appellant (subject to section 79), or

(4) This section applies only to an appeal brought while the appellant is in the United Kingdom in accordance with section 92.

Deportation order: appeal

79

(1) A deportation order may not be made in respect of a person while an appeal under section 82(1) that may be brought or continued from within the United Kingdom relating to the decision to make the order—

(a) could be brought (ignoring any possibility of an appeal out of time with permission), or

(b) is pending.

(2) In this section “pending” has the meaning given by section 104.

(3) This section does not apply to a deportation order which states that it is made in accordance with section 32(5) of the UK Borders Act 2007.

(4) But a deportation order made in reliance on subsection (3) does not invalidate leave to enter or remain, in accordance with section 5(1) of the Immigration Act 1971, if and for so long as section 78 above applies.

Removal of asylum-seeker to third country

80

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Part 5 — Appeals in respect of Protection and Human Rights Claims

Appeal to Tribunal

Adjudicators

81

In this Part “the Tribunal” means the First-tier Tribunal.

Right of appeal: general

82

(1) A person (“P”) may appeal to the Tribunal where—

(a) the Secretary of State has decided to refuse a protection claim made by P,

(b) the Secretary of State has decided to refuse a human rights claim made by P, or

(2) For the purposes of this Part—

(a) a “protection claim” is a claim made by a person (“P”) that removal of P from the United Kingdom—

(i) would breach the United Kingdom's obligations under the Refugee Convention, or

(ii) would breach the United Kingdom's obligations in relation to persons eligible for a grant of humanitarian protection;

(b) P's protection claim is refused if the Secretary of State makes one or more of the following decisions—

(i) that removal of P from the United Kingdom would not breach the United Kingdom's obligations under the Refugee Convention;

(ii) that removal of P from the United Kingdom would not breach the United Kingdom's obligations in relation to persons eligible for a grant of humanitarian protection;

(c) a person has “protection status” if the person has been granted leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom as a refugee or as a person eligible for a grant of humanitarian protection;

(d) “humanitarian protection” is to be construed in accordance with the immigration rules;

(e) “refugee” has the same meaning as in the Refugee Convention.

(3) The right of appeal under subsection (1) is subject to the exceptions and limitations specified in this Part.

Appeal: asylum claim

83

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Grounds of appeal

84

(1) An appeal under section 82(1)(a) (refusal of protection claim) must be brought on one or more of the following grounds—

(a) that removal of the appellant from the United Kingdom would breach the United Kingdom's obligations under the Refugee Convention;

(b) that removal of the appellant from the United Kingdom would breach the United Kingdom's obligations in relation to persons eligible for a grant of humanitarian protection;

(c) that removal of the appellant from the United Kingdom would be unlawful under section 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998 (public authority not to act contrary to Human Rights Convention).

(2) An appeal under section 82(1)(b) (refusal of human rights claim) must be brought on the ground that the decision is unlawful under section 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998.

(3) An appeal under section 82(1)(c) (revocation of protection status) must be brought on one or more of the following grounds—

(a) that the decision to revoke the appellant's protection status breaches the United Kingdom's obligations under the Refugee Convention;

(b) that the decision to revoke the appellant's protection status breaches the United Kingdom's obligations in relation to persons eligible for a grant of humanitarian protection.

Matters to be considered

85

(1) An appeal under section 82(1) against a decision shall be treated by the Tribunal as including an appeal against any decision in respect of which the appellant has a right of appeal under section 82(1).

(2) If an appellant under section 82(1) makes a statement under section 120, the Tribunal shall consider any matter raised in the statement which constitutes a ground of appeal of a kind listed in section 84 against the decision appealed against.

(3) Subsection (2) applies to a statement made under section 120 whether the statement was made before or after the appeal was commenced.

(4) On an appeal under section 82(1) ... against a decision the Tribunal may consider ... any matter which it thinks relevant to the substance of the decision, including ... a matter arising after the date of the decision.

(5) But the Tribunal must not consider a new matter unless the Secretary of State has given the Tribunal consent to do so.

(6) A matter is a “new matter” if—

(a) it constitutes a ground of appeal of a kind listed in section 84, and

(b) the Secretary of State has not previously considered the matter in the context of—

(i) the decision mentioned in section 82(1), or

(ii) a statement made by the appellant under section 120.

Determination of appeal

86

(1) This section applies on an appeal under section 82(1) ...

(2) The Tribunal must determine—

(a) any matter raised as a ground of appeal ..., and

(b) any matter which section 85 requires it to consider.

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Successful appeal: direction

87

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Exceptions and limitations

Ineligibility

88

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Visitor or student without entry clearance

89

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-family visitor

90

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Student

91

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appeal from within United Kingdom: general

92

(1) This section applies to determine the place from which an appeal under section 82(1) may be brought or continued.

(2) In the case of an appeal under section 82(1)(a) (protection claim appeal), the appeal must be brought from outside the United Kingdom if—

(a) the claim to which the appeal relates has been certified under section 94(7) (removal to a safe country), ...

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherwise, the appeal must be brought from within the United Kingdom.

(3) In the case of an appeal under section 82(1)(b) (human rights claim appeal) where the claim to which the appeal relates was made while the appellant was in the United Kingdom, the appeal must be brought from outside the United Kingdom if—

(a) the claim to which the appeal relates has been certified under section 94(7) (removal to a safe country) or section 94B (certification of human rights claims ...), ...

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Otherwise, the appeal must be brought from within the United Kingdom.

(4) In the case of an appeal under section 82(1)(b) (human rights claim appeal) where the claim to which the appeal relates was made while the appellant was outside the United Kingdom, the appeal must be brought from outside the United Kingdom.

(5) In the case of an appeal under section 82(1)(c) (revocation of protection status)—

(a) the appeal must be brought from within the United Kingdom if the decision to which the appeal relates was made while the appellant was in the United Kingdom;

(b) the appeal must be brought from outside the United Kingdom if the decision to which the appeal relates was made while the appellant was outside the United Kingdom.

(6) If, after an appeal under section 82(1)(a) or (b) has been brought from within the United Kingdom, the Secretary of State certifies the claim to which the appeal relates under section 94(7) or section 94B, the appeal must be continued from outside the United Kingdom.

(7) Where a person brings or continues an appeal under section 82(1)(a) (refusal of protection claim) from outside the United Kingdom, for the purposes of considering whether the grounds of appeal are satisfied, the appeal is to be treated as if the person were not outside the United Kingdom.

(8) Where an appellant brings an appeal from within the United Kingdom but leaves the United Kingdom before the appeal is finally determined, the appeal is to be treated as abandoned unless the claim to which the appeal relates has been certified under section 94(7) or section 94B.

Appeal from within United Kingdom: “third country” removal

93

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appeal from within United Kingdom: unfounded human rights or asylum claim

94

(1) The Secretary of State may certify a protection claim or human rights claim as clearly unfounded.

(3) If the Secretary of State is satisfied that a claimant is entitled to reside in a State listed in subsection (4) he shall certify the claim under subsection (1) unless satisfied that it is not clearly unfounded.

(3A) A person may not bring an appeal under section 82 against a decision if the claim to which the decision relates has been certified under subsection (1).

(4) The States are—

(a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(d) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(h) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(j) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(k) the Republic of Albania,

(l) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(m) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(n) Jamaica,

(o) Macedonia,

(p) the Republic of Moldova, and

(q) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(r) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(s) Bolivia,

(t) Brazil,

(u) Ecuador,

(v) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(w) South Africa, and

(x) Ukraine.

(y) India.

(z) Mongolia,

(aa) Ghana (in respect of men),

(bb) Nigeria (in respect of men).

(cc) Bosnia-Herzegovina,

(dd) Gambia (in respect of men),

(ee) Kenya (in respect of men),

(ff) Liberia (in respect of men),

(gg) Malawi (in respect of men),

(hh) Mali (in respect of men),

(ii) Mauritius,

(jj) Montenegro,

(kk) Peru,

(ll) Serbia,

(mm) Sierra Leone (in respect of men).

(nn) Kosovo,

(oo) South Korea.

(5) The Secretary of State may by order add a State, or part of a State, to the list in subsection (4) if satisfied that—

(a) there is in general in that State or part no serious risk of persecution of persons entitled to reside in that State or part, and

(b) removal to that State or part of persons entitled to reside there will not in general contravene the United Kingdom’s obligations under the Human Rights Convention.

(5A) If the Secretary of State is satisfied that the statements in subsection (5) (a) and (b) are true of a State or part of a State in relation to a description of person, an order under subsection (5) may add the State or part to the list in subsection (4) in respect of that description of person.

(5B) Where a State or part of a State is added to the list in subsection (4) in respect of a description of person, subsection (3) shall have effect in relation to a claimant only if the Secretary of State is satisfied that he is within that description (as well as being satisfied that he is entitled to reside in the State or part).

(5C) A description for the purposes of subsection (5A) may refer to—

(a) gender,

(b) language,

(d) religion,

(e) nationality,

(f) membership of a social or other group,

(g) political opinion, or

(h) any other attribute or circumstance that the Secretary of State thinks appropriate.

(5D) In deciding whether the statements in subsection (5) (a) and (b) are true of a State or part of a State, the Secretary of State –

(a) shall have regard to all the circumstances of the State or part (including its laws and how they are applied), and

(b) shall have regard to information from any appropriate source (including ... member States and international organisations).

(6) The Secretary of State may by order amend the list in subsection (4) so as to omit a State or part added under subsection (5); and the omission may be—

(a) general, or

(b) effected so that the State or part remains listed in respect of a description of person.

(6A) Subsection (3) shall not apply in relation to a claimant who—

(a) is the subject of a certificate under section 2 or 70 of the Extradition Act 2003 (c. 41),

(b) is in custody pursuant to arrest under section 5 of that Act,

(ca) is the subject of a certificate under section 74B of that Act,

(d) is the subject of an authority to proceed under section 7 of the Extradition Act 1989 (c. 33) or an order under paragraph 4(2) of Schedule 1 to that Act, or

(e) is the subject of a provisional warrant under section 8 of that Act or of a warrant under paragraph 5(1)(b) of Schedule 1 to that Act.

(7) The Secretary of State may certify a protection claim or human rights claim made by a person if —

(a) it is proposed to remove the person to a country of which he is not a national or citizen, and

(b) there is no reason to believe that the person’s rights under the Human Rights Convention will be breached in that country.

(8) In determining whether a person in relation to whom a certificate has been issued under subsection (7) may be removed from the United Kingdom, the country specified in the certificate is to be regarded as—

(a) a place where a person’s life and liberty is not threatened by reason of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group, or political opinion, and

(b) a place from which a person will not be sent to another country otherwise than in accordance with the Refugee Convention or with the United Kingdom's obligations in relation to persons eligible for a grant of humanitarian protection.

(9) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Appeal from outside United Kingdom: removal

95

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Earlier right of appeal

96

(1) A person may not bring an appeal under section 82 against a decision (“the new decision”) if the Secretary of State or an immigration officer certifies—

(a) that the person was notified of a right of appeal under that section against another ... decision (“the old decision”) (whether or not an appeal was brought and whether or not any appeal brought has been determined),

(b) that the claim or application to which the new decision relates relies on agroundthat could have been raised in an appeal against the old decision, and

(c) that, in the opinion of the Secretary of State or the immigration officer, there is no satisfactory reason for that ground not having been raised in an appeal against the old decision.

(2) A person may not bring an appeal under section 82 if the Secretary of State or an immigration officer certifies—

(a) that the person has received a notice under section 120(2),

(b) that the appeal relies on a ground that should have been, but has not been, raised in a statement made under section 120(2) or (5), and

(c) that, in the opinion of the Secretary of State or the immigration officer, there is no satisfactory reason for that ground not having been raised in a statement under section 120(2) or (5).

(4) In subsection (1) “notified” means notified in accordance with regulations under section 105.

(5) Subsections (1) and (2) apply to prevent a person’s right of appeal whether or not he has been outside the United Kingdom since an earlier right of appeal arose or since a requirement under section 120 was imposed.

(6) In this section a reference to an appeal under section 82(1) includes a reference to an appeal under section 2 of the Special Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997 (c. 68) which is or could be brought by reference to an appeal under section 82(1).

(7) A certificate under subsection (1) or (2) shall have no effect in relation to an appeal instituted before the certificate is issued.

National security, &c.

97

(1) An appeal under section 82(1) ... against a decision in respect of a person may not be brought or continued if the Secretary of State certifies that the decision is or was taken—

(a) by the Secretary of State wholly or partly on a ground listed in subsection (2), or

(b) in accordance with a direction of the Secretary of State which identifies the person to whom the decision relates and which is given wholly or partly on a ground listed in subsection (2).

(2) The grounds mentioned in subsection (1) are that the person’s exclusion or removal from the United Kingdom is—

(a) in the interests of national security, or

(b) in the interests of the relationship between the United Kingdom and another country.

(3) An appeal under section 82(1) ... against a decision may not be brought or continued if the Secretary of State certifies that the decision is or was taken wholly or partly in reliance on information which in his opinion should not be made public—

(a) in the interests of national security,

(b) in the interests of the relationship between the United Kingdom and another country, or

(4) In subsections (1)(a) and (b) and (3) a reference to the Secretary of State is to the Secretary of State acting in person.

Other grounds of public good

98

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Sections 96 to 98: appeal in progress

99

(1) This section applies where a certificate is issued under section ... 97 ... in respect of a pending appeal.

(2) The appeal shall lapse.

Appeal from adjudicator

Immigration Appeal Tribunal

100

Appeal to Tribunal

101

Decision

102

Appeal from Tribunal

103

Procedure

Pending appeal

104

(1) An appeal under section 82(1) is pending during the period—

(a) beginning when it is instituted, and

(b) ending when it is finally determined, withdrawn or abandoned (or when it lapses under section 99).

(2) An appeal under section 82(1) is not finally determined for the purpose of subsection (1)(b) while—

(a) an application for permission to appeal under section 11 or 13 of the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 could be made or is awaiting determination,

(b) permission to appeal under either of those sections has been granted and the appeal is awaiting determination, or

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4A) An appeal under section 82(1) brought by a person while he is in the United Kingdom shall be treated as abandoned if the appellant is granted leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom (subject to subsection (4B)).

(4B) Subsection (4A) shall not apply to an appeal in so far as it is brought on a ground specified in section 84(1)(a) or (b) or 84(3) (asylum or humanitarian protection) where the appellant—

(a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(b) gives notice, in accordance with Tribunal Procedure Rules, that he wishes to pursue the appeal in so far as it is brought on that ground.

(4C) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Notice of immigration decision

105

(1) The Secretary of State may make regulations requiring a person to be given written notice where an appealable decision is taken in respect of him.

(2) The regulations may, in particular, provide that a notice under subsection (1) of an appealable decision must state—

(a) that there is a right of appeal under section 82, and

(b) how and when that right may be exercised.

(3) The regulations may make provision (which may include presumptions) about service.

(4) In this section “appealable decision” means a decision mentioned in section 82(1).

Rules

106

(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(1A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) In the case of an appeal under section 82 ... ..., Tribunal Procedure Rules may enable the Tribunal to certify that the appeal had no merit (and shall make provision for the consequences of the issue of a certificate).

(4) A person commits an offence if without reasonable excuse he fails to comply with a requirement imposed in accordance with Tribunal Procedure Rules in connection with proceedings under section 82 ... ... to attend before . . . the Tribunal—

(a) to give evidence, or

(b) to produce a document.

(5) A person who is guilty of an offence under subsection (4) shall be liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale.

Practice directions

107

(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(1A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) In the case of proceedings under section 82 ... ..., or proceedings in the Upper Tribunal arising out of such proceedings, practice directions under section 23 of the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007—

(a) may require the Tribunal to treat a specified decision of the Tribunal or UpperTribunalasauthoritative in respect of a particular matter; and

(b) may require the Upper Tribunal totreat a specified decision of the Tribunal orUpperTribunal as authoritative in respect of a particular matter.

(3A) In subsection (3) the reference to a decision of the Tribunal includes—

(a) a decision of the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal, and

(b) a decision of the Immigration Appeal Tribunal.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Forged document: proceedings in private

108

(1) This section applies where it is alleged—

(a) that a document relied on by a party to an appeal under section 82 ... is a forgery, and

(b) that disclosure to that party of a matter relating to the detection of the forgery would be contrary to the public interest.

(2) The Tribunal—

(a) must investigate the allegation in private, and

(b) may proceed in private so far as necessary to prevent disclosure of the matter referred to in subsection (1)(b).

General

European Union and European Economic Area

109

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Grants

110

Monitor of certification of claims as unfounded

111

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Regulations, &c.

112

(1) Regulations under this Part shall be made by the Secretary of State.

(2) Regulations ... under this Part ...—

(a) must be made by statutory instrument, and

(b) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.

(3) Regulations ... under this Part—

(a) may make provision which applies generally or only in a specified case or in specified circumstances,

(b) may make different provision for different cases or circumstances,

(d) may include savings.

(3A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) An order under section 94(5) ...—

(a) must be made by statutory instrument,

(b) may not be made unless a draft has been laid before and approved by resolution of each House of Parliament, and

(5) An order under section 94(6) or (6B) ...—

(a) must be made by statutory instrument,

(b) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament, and

(5A) If an instrument makes provision under section 94(5) and 94(6)—

(a) subsection (4)(b) above shall apply, and

(b) subsection (5)(b) above shall not apply.

(5B) An order under section 97A(4)—

(a) must be made by statutory instrument,

(b) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament, and

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Interpretation

113

(1) In this Part, unless a contrary intention appears—

“asylum claim” means a claim made by a person to the Secretary of State at a place designated by the Secretary of State that to remove the person from or require him to leave the United Kingdom would breach the United Kingdom’s obligations under the Refugee Convention,

“human rights claim” means a claim made by a person to the Secretary of State at a place designated by the Secretary of State that to remove the person from or require him to leave the United Kingdom or to refuse him entry into the United Kingdom would be unlawful under section 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998 (c. 42) (public authority not to act contrary to Convention) ...,

“the Human Rights Convention” has the same meaning as “the Convention” in the Human Rights Act 1998 and “Convention rights” shall be construed in accordance with section 1 of that Act,

“humanitarian protection” has the meaning given in section 82(2);

“immigration rules” means rules under section 1(4) of the Immigration Act 1971 (general immigration rules),

“protection claim” has the meaning given in section 82(2)

“protection status” has the meaning given in section 82(2)

“the Refugee Convention” means the Convention relating to the Status of Refugees done at Geneva on 28th July 1951 and its Protocol,

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Repeal

114

(1) Part IV of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (appeals) shall cease to have effect.

(2) Schedule 6 (which makes transitional provision in connection with the repeal of Part IV of that Act and its replacement by this Part) shall have effect.

(3) Schedule 7 (consequential amendments) shall have effect.

Appeal from within United Kingdom: unfounded human rights or asylum claim: transitional provision

115

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Special Immigration Appeals Commission: Community Legal Service

116

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Northern Ireland appeals: legal aid

117

(1) In Part 1 of Schedule 1 to the Legal Aid, Advice and Assistance (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 (S.I. 1981/228 (N.I. 8)) (proceedings for which legal aid may be given under Part II of that Order) the following shall be inserted after paragraph 6—

(6A) Proceedings before an adjudicator appointed for the purposes of Part 5 of the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002, the Immigration Appeal Tribunal or the Special Immigration Appeals Commission.

(2) The amendment made by subsection (1) is without prejudice to the power to make regulations under Article 10(2) of the Legal Aid, Advice and Assistance (Northern Ireland) Order 1981 amending or revoking the provision inserted by that subsection.

Part 6 — Immigration Procedure

Applications

Leave pending decision on variation application

118

The following shall be substituted for section 3C of the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (continuation of leave to enter or remain pending decision on application for variation)—

(3C) (1) This section applies if— (a) a person who has limited leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom applies to the Secretary of State for variation of the leave, (b) the application for variation is made before the leave expires, and (c) the leave expires without the application for variation having been decided. (2) The leave is extended by virtue of this section during any period when— (a) the application for variation is neither decided nor withdrawn, (b) an appeal under section 82(1) of the Nationality, Asylum and Immigration Act 2002 could be brought against the decision on the application for variation (ignoring any possibility of an appeal out of time with permission), or (c) an appeal under that section against that decision is pending (within the meaning of section 104 of that Act). (3) Leave extended by virtue of this section shall lapse if the applicant leaves the United Kingdom. (4) A person may not make an application for variation of his leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom while that leave is extended by virtue of this section. (5) But subsection (4) does not prevent the variation of the application mentioned in subsection (1)(a). (6) In this section a reference to an application being decided is a reference to notice of the decision being given in accordance with regulations under section 105 of that Act (notice of immigration decision).

Deemed leave on cancellation of notice

119

In paragraph 6(3) of Schedule 2 to the Immigration Act 1971 (c. 77) (deemed leave on cancellation of notice of refusal) after “and the immigration officer does not at the same time give him indefinite or limited leave to enter” there shall be inserted “ or require him to submit to further examination ”.

Requirement to state additional grounds for application

120

(1) Subsection (2) applies to a person (“P”) if—

(a) P has made a protection claim or a human rights claim,

(b) P has made an application to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, or

(2) The Secretary of State or an immigration officer may serve a notice on P requiring P to provide a statement setting out—

(a) P's reasons for wishing to enter or remain in the United Kingdom,

(b) any grounds on which P should be permitted to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, and

(3) A statement under subsection (2) need not repeat reasons or grounds set out in—

(a) P's protection or human rights claim,

(b) the application mentioned in subsection (1)(b), or

(4) Subsection (5) applies to a person (“P”) if P has previously been served with a notice under subsection (2) and—

(a) P requires leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom but does not have it, or

(b) P has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom only by virtue of section 3C ... of the Immigration Act 1971 (continuation of leave pending decision or appeal).

(5) Where P's circumstances have changed since the Secretary of State or an immigration officer was last made aware of them (whether in the application or claim mentioned in subsection (1) or in a statement under subsection (2) or this subsection) so that P has—

(a) additional reasons for wishing to enter or remain in the United Kingdom,

(b) additional grounds on which P should be permitted to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, or

P must, as soon as reasonably practicable, provide a supplementary statement to the Secretary of State or an immigration officer setting out the new circumstances and the additional reasons or grounds.

(6) In this section—

“human rights claim” and “protection claim” have the same meanings as in Part 5;

references to “grounds” are to grounds on which an appeal under Part 5 may be brought (see section 84).

Compliance with procedure

121

The following shall be inserted after section 31A(3) of the Immigration Act 1971 (procedural requirements for application)—

(3A) Regulations under this section may provide that a failure to comply with a specified requirement of the regulations— (a) invalidates an application, (b) does not invalidate an application, or (c) invalidates an application in specified circumstances (which may be described wholly or partly by reference to action by the applicant, the Secretary of State, an immigration officer or another person).

Work permit

Fee for work permit, &c.

122

Advice about work permit, &c.

123

(1) Section 82 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (immigration advice and services: interpretation) shall be amended as follows.

(2) In the definition of “relevant matters” in subsection (1), after paragraph (b) there shall be inserted—

(ba) an application for an immigration employment document;

(3) At the end of the section add—

(3) In the definition of “relevant matters” in subsection (1) “immigration employment document” means— (a) a work permit (within the meaning of section 33(1) of the Immigration Act 1971 (interpretation)), and (b) any other document which relates to employment and is issued for a purpose of immigration rules or in connection with leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom.

Authority-to-carry scheme

Authority to carry

124

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Evasion of procedure

Carriers' liability

125

Schedule 8 (which amends Part II of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (carriers’ liability)) shall have effect.

Provision of information by traveller

Physical data: compulsory provision

126

(1) The Secretary of State may by regulations—

(a) require an immigration application to be accompanied by specified biometric information;

(b) enable an authorised person to require an individual who makes an immigration application to provide biometric information;

(2) In subsection (1) “immigration application” means an application for—

(za) an ETA (within the meaning of section 11C of the Immigration Act 1971 (electronic travel authorisations)),

(a) entry clearance,

(b) leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, ...

(d) a transit visa (within the meaning of section 41 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999), ...

(e) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) Regulations under subsection (1) may not—

(a) impose a requirement in respect of a person to whom section 141 of the Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 (c. 33) (fingerprinting) applies, during the relevant period within the meaning of that section, or

(b) enable a requirement to be imposed in respect of a person to whom that section applies, during the relevant period within the meaning of that section.

(4) Regulations under subsection (1) may, in particular—

(a) require, or enable an authorised person to require, the provision of biometric information in a specified form;

(b) require an individual to submit, or enable an authorised person to require an individual to submit, to a specified process by means of which biometric information is obtained or recorded;

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