Legalize / United Kingdom / Statutory-Instrument

The Immigration (Citizens’ Rights Appeals) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020

Type Statutory-Instrument

Publication 2020-01-27

State In force

Department King's Printer of Acts of Parliament

Source legislation.gov.uk

Reform history JSON API PDF

Made: 27th January 2020

Laid before Parliament: 30th January 2020

Coming into force in accordance with regulation 1

The Secretary of State makes the following Regulations in exercise of the powers conferred by section 11(1), (3) and (4) of, and paragraph 12 of Schedule 4 to, the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 .

The instrument containing these Regulations is the first to be made under section 11 of that Act.

PART 1 — General

Citation and commencement

1

(1) These Regulations may be cited as the Immigration (Citizens' Rights Appeals) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020.

(2) These Regulations come into force on exit day and paragraph 1(1) of Schedule 5 to the European Union (Withdrawal Agreement) Act 2020 does not apply.

Interpretation

2

(1) In these Regulations—

“the 1971 Act” means the Immigration Act 1971 ;

“the 1997 Act” means the Special Immigration Appeals Commission Act 1997 ;

“the 2002 Act” means the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002 ;

“the 1972 Order” means the Immigration (Control of Entry through Republic of Ireland) Order 1972;

“the 2020 Regulations” means the Citizens' Rights (Frontier Workers) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020;

“appealable decision” means a decision which may be appealed against under these Regulations;

“appellant” means a person who brings an appeal under these Regulations;

“Appendix S2” means Appendix S2 Healthcare Visitor to the immigration rules;

“frontier worker” has the meaning given in regulation 3 of the 2020 Regulations;

“frontier worker permit” has the meaning given in regulation 2 of the 2020 Regulations;

“healthcare entry clearance” means entry clearance granted by virtue of Appendix S2 for the purpose of acquiring leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom by virtue of that Appendix ;

“healthcare leave”, in relation to a person (“P”), means leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted to P by virtue of Appendix S2 ;

“person with a healthcare right of entry” means a person who has the right to enter the United Kingdom by virtue of—Article 32(1)(b) of the withdrawal agreement,Article 31(1)(b) of the EEA EFTA separation agreement, orArticle 26a(1)(b) of the Swiss citizens' rights agreement;

“relevant authority” means—where the appeal under these Regulations lies to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission, the Commission;otherwise, the Tribunal;

“scheme entry clearance” means entry clearance granted by virtue of relevant entry clearance immigration rules ;

“the Tribunal” means the First-tier Tribunal.

“valid identity document” means— a valid national identity card issued by an EEA state, ora valid passport issued by an EEA state.

(1A) For the purposes of the definition of “valid identity document”, “EEA state” means—

(a) a member State, or

(b) Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.

(2) References in these Regulations to an appeal which is pending are to be read in accordance with regulation 13.

PART 2 — Appeals in respect of citizens' rights immigration decisions

CHAPTER 1 — Appeals: general

Right of appeal against decisions relating to leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom made by virtue of residence scheme immigration rules

3

(1) A person (“P”) may appeal against a decision made on or after exit day—

(a) to vary P's leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted by virtue of residence scheme immigration rules , so that P does not have leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom,

(b) to cancel P's leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted by virtue of residence scheme immigration rules,

(d) not to grant indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom in response to P's relevant application (where limited leave to enter or remain is granted, or P had limited leave to enter or remain when P made the relevant application).

(2) In this regulation, “relevant application” means an application for leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom made under residence scheme immigration rules—

(a) on or after exit day, or

(b) before exit day if a decision is made on that application on or after 8th May 2023.

Right of appeal against decisions under section 76 of the 2002 Act to revoke indefinite leave to enter or remain by virtue of residence scheme immigration rules

4

A person may appeal against a decision made on or after exit day under section 76(1) or (2) of the 2002 Act to revoke their indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom which was granted by virtue of residence scheme immigration rules.

Right of appeal against decisions made in connection with scheme entry clearance

5

A person may appeal against a decision made on or after exit day—

(a) where the person applies for scheme entry clearance on or after exit day, to refuse their application,

(b) to cancel or revoke their scheme entry clearance,

(c) where they have scheme entry clearance, to refuse them leave to enter the United Kingdom under article 7(1) of the Immigration (Leave to Enter and Remain) Order 2000 , or

(d) to cancel or vary leave to enter the United Kingdom which they have by virtue of having arrived in the United Kingdom with scheme entry clearance.

Right of appeal against decisions to make a deportation order

6

(1) A person to whom paragraph (2) applies may appeal against a decision, made on or after exit day, to make a deportation order under section 5(1) of the 1971 Act in respect of them.

(1A) For the purposes of paragraph (1) only, a decision to make a deportation order means a decision to pursue deportation that is made after a person has been asked to make representations to the Secretary of State as to why they should not be deported.

(2) This paragraph applies to a person who—

(a) has leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted by virtue of residence scheme immigration rules, or

(b) is in the United Kingdom (whether or not the person has entered within the meaning of section 11(1) of the 1971 Act ) having arrived with scheme entry clearance.

(3) But paragraph (2) does not apply to a person if the decision to remove that person was taken—

(a) under regulation 23(6)(b) of the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 (“the 2016 Regulations”), where the decision to remove was taken before the revocation of the 2016 Regulations, or

(b) otherwise, under regulation 23(6)(b) of the 2016 Regulations as it continues to have effect by virtue of the Citizens' Rights (Restrictions of Rights of Entry and Residence) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020 or the Citizens' Rights (Application Deadline and Temporary Protection) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020.

(4) The references in paragraph (2) to a person who has leave to enter or remain include references to a person who would have had leave to enter or remain but for the making of a deportation order under section 5(1) of the 1971 Act.

Appeal to the Tribunal or the Special Immigration Appeals Commission

7

(1) An appeal under these Regulations lies to the Tribunal.

(2) Except that a person may appeal to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission against an appealable decision if—

(a) the decision is certified under paragraph 1 or 2 of Schedule 1, or

(b) an appeal against that decision lapses by virtue of paragraph 3 of that Schedule.

(3) Schedule 1 also makes provision for the application of the 1997 Act to appeals to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission (see Part 2 of that Schedule).

Grounds of appeal

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(1) An appeal under these Regulations must be brought on one or both of the following two grounds.

(2) The first ground of appeal is that the decision breaches any right which the appellant has by virtue of—

(a) Chapter 1, or Article 24(2) , 24(3), 25(2) or 25(3) of Chapter 2, of Title II , or Article 32(1)(b) of Title III, of Part 2 of the withdrawal agreement,

(b) Chapter 1, or Article 23(2) , 23(3), 24(2) or 24(3) of Chapter 2, of Title II , or Article 31(1)(b) of Title III, of Part 2 of the EEA EFTA separation agreement, or

(3) The second ground of appeal is that—

(a) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 3(1)(a) or (b) or 5, it is not in accordance with the provision of the immigration rules by virtue of which it was made;

(b) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 3(1)(c) or (d), it is not in accordance with residence scheme immigration rules;

(c) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 4, it is not in accordance with section 76(1) or (2) of the 2002 Act (as the case may be);

(d) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 6, it is not in accordance with section 3(5) or (6) of the 1971 Act (as the case may be).

(e) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 6A, 6B, 6C or 6D, it is not in accordance with regulation 9, 11, 12, 14, 15(1)(a) or 15(1)(c) of the 2020 Regulations (as the case may be);

(f) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 6E, it is not in accordance with section 3(5) or 3(6) of the 1971 Act, or regulation 15(1)(b) of the 2020 Regulations (as the case may be).

(g) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 6G(1)(a) or (1)(b) or 6H, it is not in accordance with the provision of the immigration rules by virtue of which it was made;

(h) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 6G(1)(c) or (1)(d), it is not made in accordance with Appendix S2;

(i) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 6I, it is not made in accordance with the provision of, or made under, the 1971 Act (including the immigration rules) by virtue of which it was made;

(j) where the decision is mentioned in regulation 6J, it is not in accordance with section 3(5) or (6) of the 1971 Act, or Appendix S2 (as the case may be).

(4) But this is subject to regulation 9.

Matters to be considered by the relevant authority

9

(1) If an appellant makes a section 120 statement, the relevant authority must consider any matter raised in that statement which constitutes a specified ground of appeal against the decision appealed against. For the purposes of this paragraph, a “specified ground of appeal” is a ground of appeal of a kind listed in regulation 8 or section 84 of the 2002 Act .

(2) In this regulation, “section 120 statement” means a statement made under section 120 of the 2002 Act and includes any statement made under that section, as applied by Schedule 1 or 2 to these Regulations.

(3) For the purposes of this regulation, it does not matter whether a section 120 statement is made before or after the appeal under these Regulations is commenced.

(4) The relevant authority may also consider any matter which it thinks relevant to the substance of the decision appealed against, including a matter arising after the date of the decision.

(5) But the relevant authority must not consider a new matter without the consent of the Secretary of State.

(6) A matter is a “new matter” if—

(a) it constitutes a ground of appeal of a kind listed in regulation 8 or section 84 of the 2002 Act, and

(b) the Secretary of State has not previously considered the matter in the context of—

(i) the decision appealed against under these Regulations, or

(ii) a section 120 statement made by the appellant.

Determination of appeal

10

On an appeal under these Regulations, the relevant authority must determine—

(a) any matter raised as a ground of appeal, and

(b) any other matter which regulation 9 requires it to consider.

CHAPTER 2 — Appeals before the Tribunal: admission on bail and other procedural matters

Application of the 2002 Act to appeals to the Tribunal

11

Schedule 2 makes provision for the application of the 2002 Act to appeals to the Tribunal.

Admission on bail to the United Kingdom to make submissions in person in connection with an appeal

12

Schedule 3 contains provisions about admission on bail to the United Kingdom for the purposes of making submissions in person in connection with an appeal.

CHAPTER 3 — Procedural matters and certification

Pending appeal

13

(1) An appeal under these Regulations is to be treated as pending during the period which—

(a) begins when the notice of appeal is given in accordance with the relevant rules, and

(b) ends when the appeal is finally determined, withdrawn or abandoned (or lapses under paragraph 3 of Schedule 1).

(2) An appeal is not finally determined for the purposes of paragraph (1)(b) while (as the case may be)—

(a) an application for permission to appeal under section 11 or 13 of the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 could be made or is awaiting determination,

(b) permission to appeal under either of those sections has been granted and the appeal is awaiting determination,

(d) any of the following applications could be made—

(i) an application for leave to appeal under section 7 of the applied 1997 Act;

(ii) an application for a certificate under section 7B of the applied 1997 Act;

(iii) an application for permission to appeal under section 7C of the applied 1997 Act , or

(e) leave to appeal under section 7, or permission to appeal under section 7C, of the applied 1997 Act has been granted and the appeal is awaiting determination.

(3) An appeal under regulations 3 to 6 is to be treated as abandoned if the appellant (“A”) is granted leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom by virtue of residence scheme immigration rules.

(4) But paragraph (3) does not apply where—

(a) A is not granted indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom, or A's indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom is cancelled or revoked, and

(b) A gives notice, in accordance with the relevant rules, that A wishes to pursue the appeal insofar as it relates to a decision not to grant A, or to cancel or revoke A's, indefinite leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom.

(4A) An appeal under regulation 6A is to be treated as abandoned if the appellant is issued with a frontier worker permit.

(4B) An appeal under regulation 6B is to be treated as abandoned if the appellant is admitted to the United Kingdom under regulation 6 of the 2020 Regulations.

(4C) An appeal under regulations 6G to 6J is to be treated as abandoned if the appellant—

(a) is granted leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom by virtue of Appendix S2, or

(b) obtains leave to enter the United Kingdom by passing through an automated gate in accordance with article 8B of the Immigration (Leave to Enter and Remain) Order 2000 as a person seeking to enter the United Kingdom as an S2 Healthcare Visitor under Appendix S2.

(4D) An appeal under regulation 6G(d) is also to be treated as abandoned if the appellant's leave to enter or remain in the United Kingdom granted by virtue of Appendix S2 is varied, however that variation may have effect, so that the appellant has leave to enter or remain under Appendix S2.

(4E) An appeal under regulation 6I or 6J is also to be treated as abandoned if the Secretary of State agrees that Article 5 of the 1972 Order applies to the appellant.

(5) An appeal under these Regulations is not to be treated as abandoned solely because the appellant leaves the United Kingdom.

(6) In this regulation—

“the applied 1997 Act” means the 1997 Act as it applies for the purposes of these Regulations by virtue of Part 2 of Schedule 1;

“the relevant rules”—where the appeal is before the Tribunal, means Tribunal Procedure Rules ;where the appeal is before the Special Immigration Appeals Commission, means rules made under section 5 of the 1997 Act, insofar as they apply in relation to an appeal under these Regulations, or rules made under section 5 of the applied 1997 Act .

Place from which an appeal may be brought or continued: general

14

(1) A person may bring or continue an appeal under these Regulations—

(a) from within the United Kingdom, or

(b) from outside the United Kingdom.

(2) Nothing in this regulation entitles a person to enter the United Kingdom for the purposes of bringing or continuing an appeal.

(3) This regulation is subject to regulation 15.

National security decisions: place from which an appeal may be brought or continued, certification of removal etc.

15

(1) This regulation applies where the Secretary of State certifies, under paragraph 1 or 2 of Schedule 1, that an appealable decision in relation to a person (“P”) was taken in the interests of national security. Such a decision is referred to in this regulation as a “national security decision”.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) P, while in the United Kingdom, may not bring or continue an appeal under these Regulations against the national security decision unless P has made a human rights claim while in the United Kingdom.

(4) Paragraph (3) does not allow P while in the United Kingdom to bring or continue an appeal under these Regulations if the Secretary of State certifies that removal of P—

(a) to the country or territory to which P is proposed to be removed, and

(b) despite the appeals process in relation to the national security decision not having been begun or not having been exhausted,

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