§ 46. Amount of credit

§ 46. Amount of credit

(1) the rehabilitation credit,

(2) the energy credit,

(3) the qualifying advanced coal project credit,

(4) the qualifying gasification project credit,

(5) the qualifying advanced energy project credit,

(6) the advanced manufacturing investment credit, and

(7) the clean electricity investment credit.

(Added Pub. L. 87–834, § 2(b), Oct. 16, 1962, 76 Stat. 963; amended Pub. L. 88–272, title II, § 201(d)(4), Feb. 26, 1964, 78 Stat. 32; Pub. L. 89–384, § 1(c)(1), Apr. 8, 1966, 80 Stat. 102; Pub. L. 89–389, § 2(b)(5), Apr. 14, 1966, 80 Stat. 114; Pub. L. 89–800, § 3, Nov. 8, 1966, 80 Stat. 1514; Pub. L. 90–225, § 2(a), Dec. 27, 1967, 81 Stat. 731; Pub. L. 91–172, title III, § 301(b)(4), title IV, § 401(e)(1), title VII, § 703(b), Dec. 30, 1969, 83 Stat. 585, 603, 666; Pub. L. 92–178, title I, §§ 102(a)(1), (b), 105(a)–(c), 106(a)–(c), 107(a)(1), 108(a), Dec. 10, 1971, 85 Stat. 499, 503, 506, 507; Pub. L. 93–406, title II, §§ 2001(g)(2)(B), 2002(g)(2), 2005(c)(4), Sept. 2, 1974, 88 Stat. 957, 968, 991; Pub. L. 94–12, title III, § 301(a), (b)(1)–(3), 302(a), (b)(1), Mar. 29, 1975, 89 Stat. 36, 37, 40, 43; Pub. L. 94–455, title V, § 503(b)(4), title VIII, §§ 802(a), (b)(1)–(5), 803(a), (b)(1), 805(a), title XVI, § 1607(b)(1)(B), title XVII, §§ 1701(b), 1703, title XIX, §§ 1901(a)(4), (b)(1)(C), 1906(b)(13)(A), title XXI, § 2112(a)(2), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1562, 1580–1583, 1596, 1756, 1759, 1761, 1764, 1790, 1834, 1905; Pub. L. 95–600, title I, § 141(e), (f)(2), title III, §§ 311(a), (c), 312(a), (b), (c)(2), 313(a), 316(a), (b)(1), (2), title VII, § 703(a)(1), (2), (j)(9), Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2794, 2795, 2824–2826, 2829, 2939, 2941; Pub. L. 95–618, title II, § 241(a), title III, § 301(a), (c)(1), Nov. 9, 1978, 92 Stat. 3192, 3194, 3199; Pub. L. 96–222, title I, §§ 101(a)(7)(A), (L)(iii)(I), (v)(I), (M)(i), 103(a)(2)(A), (B)(i)–(iii), (3), (4)(A), 107(a)(3)(A), Apr. 1, 1980, 94 Stat. 197, 200, 201, 208, 209, 223; Pub. L. 96–223, title II, §§ 221(a), 222(e)(2), 223(b)(1), Apr. 2, 1980, 94 Stat. 260, 263, 266; Pub. L. 97–34, title II, §§ 207(c)(1), 211(a)(1), (b), (d), (e)(1), (2), (f)(1), 212(a)(1), (2), title III, §§ 302(c)(3), (d)(1), 332(a), Aug. 13, 1981, 95 Stat. 225, 227–229, 235, 236, 272, 274, 296; Pub. L. 97–248, title II, § 201(d)(8)(A), formerly § 201(c)(8)(A), §§ 205(b), 265(b)(2)(A)(i), Sept. 3, 1982, 96 Stat. 420, 430, 547, renumbered § 201(d)(8)(A), Pub. L. 97–448, title III, § 306(a)(1)(A)(i), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2400; Pub. L. 97–354, § 5(a)(4)–(6), Oct. 19, 1982, 96 Stat. 1692; Pub. L. 97–424, title V, §§ 541(b), 546(b), Jan. 6, 1983, 96 Stat. 2192, 2199; Pub. L. 97–448, title I, § 102(e)(1), (f)(5), title II, § 202(f), Jan. 12, 1983, 96 Stat. 2370, 2372, 2396; Pub. L. 98–21, title I, § 122(c)(1), Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 87; Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title I, §§ 16(a), 31(f), 113(b)(2)(B), title IV, §§ 431(a), (b)(1), (d)(1)–(3), 474(o)(1)–(7), title VII, § 713(c)(1)(C), July 18, 1984, 98 Stat. 505, 521, 637, 805, 807, 810, 834–836, 957; Pub. L. 99–514, title II, §§ 201(d)(7)(B), 251(a), title IV, § 421(a), (b), title XVIII, §§ 1802(a)(6), (8), 1844(a), (b)(3), (5), 1847(b)(11), 1848(a), Oct. 22, 1986, 100 Stat. 2141, 2183, 2229, 2789, 2855, 2857; Pub. L. 100–647, title I, §§ 1002(a)(4), (15), (17), (25), 1009(a)(1), 1013(a)(44), title IV, § 4006, Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3353, 3355, 3356, 3445, 3545, 3652; Pub. L. 101–239, title VII, §§ 7106, 7814(d), Dec. 19, 1989, 103 Stat. 2306, 2413; Pub. L. 101–508, title XI, §§ 11406, 11813(a), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1388–474, 1388–536; Pub. L. 108–357, title III, § 322(d)(1), Oct. 22, 2004, 118 Stat. 1475; Pub. L. 109–58, title XIII, § 1307(a), Aug. 8, 2005, 119 Stat. 999; Pub. L. 111–5, div. B, title I, § 1302(a), Feb. 17, 2009, 123 Stat. 345; Pub. L. 111–148, title IX, § 9023(b), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 880; Pub. L. 113–295, div. A, title II, § 220(c), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 4035; Pub. L. 117–167, div. A, § 107(d)(1), Aug. 9, 2022, 136 Stat. 1398; Pub. L. 117–169, title I, § 13702(b)(1), Aug. 16, 2022, 136 Stat. 1996.)

Editorial Notes

Amendments

2022—Par. (6). Pub. L. 117–167 amended par. (6) generally. Prior to amendment, text read as follows: “the qualifying therapeutic discovery project credit.”

Par. (7). Pub. L. 117–169 added par. (7).

2014—Par. (4). Pub. L. 113–295 inserted a comma at end.

2010—Par. (2). Pub. L. 111–148, § 9023(b)(1), inserted a comma at end.

Par. (6). Pub. L. 111–148, § 9023(b)(2), (3), added par. (6).

2009—Par. (5). Pub. L. 111–5 added par. (5).

2005—Pub. L. 109–58 struck out “and” at end of par. (1), struck out period at end of par. (2), and added pars. (3) and (4).

2004—Pub. L. 108–357 inserted “and” at end of par. (1), substituted a period for “, and” at end of par. (2), and struck out par. (3) which read as follows: “the reforestation credit.”

1990—Pub. L. 101–508, § 11813(a), amended section generally, substituting present provisions for provisions relating to amount of investment credit, determination of percentages, qualified investments and qualified progress expenditures, limitations with respect to certain persons, a limitation in the case of certain regulated companies, a 50 percent credit in the case of certain vessels, and special rule for cooperatives.

Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 101–508, § 11406, substituted “Dec. 31, 1991” for “Sept. 30, 1990” in table items (viii) C. and (ix) B.

1989—Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 101–239, § 7106, substituted “Sept. 30, 1990” for “Dec. 31, 1989” in table items (viii) C., (ix) B., and (x).

Pub. L. 101–239, § 7814(d), made technical correction to language of Pub. L. 100–647, § 4006, see 1988 Amendment note below.

1988—Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 100–647, § 4006, as amended by Pub. L. 101–239, § 7814(d), substituted “1989” for “1988” in table items (viii) C., (ix) B., and (x).

Subsec. (c)(5)(B). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1013(a)(44), substituted “private activity bonds” for “industrial development bonds” in heading, and in text substituted “a private activity bond (within the meaning of section 141)” for “an industrial development bond (within the meaning of section 103(b)(2))”.

Subsec. (c)(7). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(a)(17), substituted “property to which section 168 applies” for “recovery property” in heading, substituted “property to which section 168 applies” for “recovery property” and “168(e)” for “168(c)” in subpar. (A), substituted “168(e)” for “168(c)” in subpar. (B), and inserted “(as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Tax Reform Act of 1986)” after “section 168(f)(3)(B)” in concluding provisions.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(i). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(a)(25)(A), substituted “property to which section 168 applies” for “recovery property (within the meaning of section 168)”.

Subsec. (d)(1)(B)(ii). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(a)(25)(B), substituted “to which section 168 does not apply” for “which is not recovery property (within the meaning of section 168)”.

Subsec. (e)(3). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(a)(15), substituted “property to which section 168 applies” for “recovery property (within the meaning of section 168)”, “class life” for “present class life”, and “168(i)(1)” for “168(g)(2)”.

Subsec. (e)(4)(B). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(a)(4)(A), substituted “168(i)(3)” for “168(j)(6)”.

Subsec. (e)(4)(C). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1009(a)(1), inserted provisions at end which provided that any such election shall terminate effective with respect to the 1st taxable year of the organization making such election which begins after 1986, and which defined “regular investment tax credit property”.

Subsec. (e)(4)(D). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(a)(4)(B), substituted “paragraphs (5) and (6) of section 168(h)” for “paragraphs (8) and (9) of section 168(j)”.

Subsec. (e)(4)(E). Pub. L. 100–647, § 1002(a)(4)(C), (D), substituted “168(h)” for “168(j)” and “168(h)(2)” for “168(j)(4)”.

1986—Subsec. (b)(2)(A). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1847(b)(11), substituted “48(l)(3)(A)(viii)” for “48(l)(3)(A)(vii)” in table item (ii).

Pub. L. 99–514, § 421(a), inserted table items (viii) to (xi).

Subsec. (b)(2)(E). Pub. L. 99–514, § 421(b), added subpar. (E).

Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 99–514, § 251(a), in amending par. (4) generally, substituted in subpar. (A) definition of “rehabilitation percentage” for former table specifying specific rehabilitation percentages, reenacted subpar. (B), and struck out subpar. (C) which related to definitions.

Subsec. (c)(8)(D)(v). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1844(a), substituted “this subparagraph” for “clause (i)”.

Pub. L. 99–514, § 201(d)(7)(B), substituted “section 465(b)(3)(C)” for “section 168(e)(4)”.

Subsec. (c)(9)(A). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1844(b)(3), substituted “an increase in the credit base for” for “additional qualified investment in”.

Subsec. (c)(9)(C)(i). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1844(b)(5), substituted “any increase in a taxpayer’s credit base for any property by reason of this paragraph shall be taken into account as if it were property placed in service by the taxpayer in the taxable year in which the property referred to in subparagraph (A) was first placed in service” for “any increase in a taxpayer’s qualified investment in property by reason of this paragraph shall be deemed to be additional qualified investment made by the taxpayer in the year in which the property referred to in subparagraph (A) was first placed in service”.

Subsec. (e)(4)(D), (E). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1802(a)(6), (8), added subpars. (D) and (E).

Subsec. (f)(9). Pub. L. 99–514, § 1848(a), struck out par. (9) which related to a special rule for additional credit.

1984—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–369, § 474(o)(1), amended subsec. (a) generally, so as to contain provisions relating to amount of investment credit, which formerly constituted only par. (2)(A)(i), (ii), and (iv) of subsec. (a).

Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 98–369, § 713(c)(1)(C), substituted “premature distributions to key employees” for “premature distributions to owner-employees”.

Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 98–369, § 474(o)(1), amended subsec. (b) generally, substituting provisions relating to determination of percentages for purposes of subsec. (a), for provisions relating to carryback and carryover of unused credits.

Subsec. (c)(7)(A). Pub. L. 98–369, § 13(b)(2)(B), inserted “recovery” before first reference to “property”.

Subsec. (c)(8). Pub. L. 98–369, § 431(a), substituted “Certain nonrecourse financing excluded from credit base” for “Limitation to amount at risk” in heading.

Subsec. (c)(8)(A). Pub. L. 98–369, § 431(a), substituted provisions reducing the credit base of any property to which this paragraph applies by the nonqualified nonrecourse financing with respect to such property for provisions relating to limitation of the basis to the amount at risk in the case of new or used section 38 property placed in service during the taxable year by a taxpayer described in section 465(a)(1) and used in connection with an activity with respect to which any loss was subject to limitation under section 465.

Subsec. (c)(8)(B). Pub. L. 98–369, § 431(a), substituted provisions relating to the property to which this paragraph applies for provisions defining “at risk” and stating the circumstances under which a taxpayer would be considered to be at risk for purposes of this paragraph.

Subsec. (c)(8)(C). Pub. L. 98–369, § 431(a), substituted provisions defining “credit base” for provisions relating to a special rule for partnerships and subchapter S corporations.

Subsec. (c)(8)(D). Pub. L. 98–369, § 431(a), substituted provisions defining “nonqualified nonrecourse financing” for provisions defining “qualified person”.

Subsec. (c)(8)(D)(i)(I). Pub. L. 98–369, § 16(a), repealed amendments made by Pub. L. 97–34, § 302(c). See 1981 Amendment note below.

Subsec. (c)(8)(E). Pub. L. 98–369, § 431(a), substituted provisions relating to the application of this paragraph to partnerships and subchapter S corporations for provisions defining “related person”.

Subsec. (c)(8)(F)(i). Pub. L. 98–369, § 431(d)(1), substituted provisions that subpar. (A) shall not apply with respect to qualified energy property for provisions that subpar. (A) would not apply to amounts borrowed with respect to qualified energy property (other than amounts described in subpar. (B)).

Subsec. (c)(8)(F)(ii)(II). Pub. L. 98–369, § 474(o)(2), substituted “subsection (b)(2)” for “section 46(a)(2)(C)”.