LegalizeReform history
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
77 versions
· 1992-07-16
2026-04-07
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2026-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2026-04-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2026-02-18
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2025-12-18
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2025-05-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2025-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2025-01-20
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2024-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2023-07-20
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2023-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2022-07-21
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2022-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2021-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2020-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2019-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2018-04-13
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2018-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2018-02-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2017-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2016-11-28
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2016-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2015-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2014-12-16
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2014-08-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2014-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2014-03-13
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2014-01-31
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2014-01-30
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2013-04-25
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2013-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2013-03-22
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2013-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2012-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2012-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2011-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2011-03-28
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2011-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-06-05
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-04-07
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-04-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-03-02
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2010-01-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2009-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2009-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2009-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2008-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2008-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2007-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2007-04-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2007-03-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2007-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2006-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2006-08-18
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2006-05-12
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2006-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2006-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2006-01-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2005-12-05
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2005-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2005-04-06
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
Changes on 2005-04-06
@@ -168,13 +168,13 @@
##### 9
- (1) An organisation aggrieved by the refusal of the Certification Officer to enter its name in the list of trade unions, or by a decision of his to remove its name from the list, may appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal.
- (2) A trade union aggrieved by the refusal of the Certification Officer to issue it with a certificate of independence, or by a decision of his to withdraw its certificate, may appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal.
- (3) If on appeal the Tribunal is satisfied that the organisation’s name should be or remain entered in the list or, as the case may be, that the certificate should be issued or should not be withdrawn, it shall declare that fact and give directions to the Certification Officer accordingly.
- (4) The rights of appeal conferred by this section extend to any question of fact or law arising in the proceedings before, or arising from the decision of, the Certification Officer.
- (1) An organisation aggrieved by the refusal of the Certification Officer to enter its name in the list of trade unions, or by a decision of his to remove its name from the list, may appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any appealable question.
- (2) A trade union aggrieved by the refusal of the Certification Officer to issue it with a certificate of independence, or by a decision of his to withdraw its certificate, may appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any appealable question.
- (3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (4) For the purposes of this section, an appealable question is any question of law arising in the proceedings before, or arising from the decision of, the Certification Officer.
### Chapter II — Status and property of trade unions
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@
A trade union, or branch of a trade union, shall not withdraw from contributing to the funds of such a society except on three months notice to the society and on payment of all contributions accrued or accruing due to the date of the expiry of the notice.
- (4) In this section “industrial assurance company" has the meaning it has in section 99 of the Friendly Societies Act 1992.
- (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
### Liability of trade unions in proceedings in tort
@@ -845,7 +845,7 @@
- (b) a person who is a partner of, or in the employment of, or who employs, such an officer or employee;
- (c) a body corporate.
- (c) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . .
@@ -899,6 +899,8 @@
- (1) The auditor or auditors of a trade union shall make a report to it on the accounts audited by him or them and contained in its annual return.
- (1A) The report shall state the names of, and be signed by, the auditor or auditors.
- (2) The report shall state whether, in the opinion of the auditor or auditors, the accounts give a true and fair view of the matters to which they relate.
- (3) It is the duty of the auditor or auditors in preparing their report to carry out such investigations as will enable them to form an opinion as to—
@@ -911,6 +913,8 @@
- (4) If in the opinion of the auditor or auditors the trade union has failed to comply with section 28, or if the accounts do not agree with the accounting records, the auditor or auditors shall state that fact in the report.
- (5) Any reference in this section to signature by an auditor is, where the office of auditor is held by a body corporate or partnership, to signature in the name of the body corporate or partnership by an individual authorised to sign on its behalf.
#### Rights of auditors
##### 37
@@ -929,6 +933,8 @@
- (b) to be heard at any meeting which he attends on any part of the business of the meeting which concerns him as auditor.
- (4) In the case of an auditor which is a body corporate or partnership, its right to attend or be heard at a meeting is exercisable by an individual authorised by it to act as its representative at the meeting.
### Members’ superannuation schemes
#### Members' superannuation schemes: separate fund to be maintained
@@ -1003,7 +1009,7 @@
- (2) An exemption may be revoked if it appears to the Certification Officer that the circumstances by reason of which it was granted have ceased to exist.
- (3) Where an exemption is revoked under subsection (1)(b), the date as at which the next periodical examination is to be carried out under section 40 shall be such as the Certification Officer may direct.
- (3) Where an exemption is revoked under subsection (2), the date as at which the next periodical examination is to be carried out under section 40 shall be such as the Certification Officer may direct.
- (4) The Certification Officer may in any case direct that section 40 (periodical re-examination of schemes) shall apply to a trade union with the substitution for the reference to five years of a reference to such shorter period as may be specified in the direction.
@@ -1139,7 +1145,7 @@
- (d) general secretary;
and the requirements referred to above are those set out in sections 47 to 52 below.
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (3) In this Chapter “*member of the executive*” includes any person who, under the rules or practice of the union, may attend and speak at some or all of the meetings of the executive, otherwise than for the purpose of providing the committee with factual information or with technical or professional advice with respect to matters taken into account by the executive in carrying out its functions.
@@ -1151,7 +1157,25 @@
- (c) has not held either position at any time in the period of twelve months ending with the day before he took up that position.
- (5) A “*voting member of the executive*” means a person entitled in his own right to attend meetings of the executive and to vote on matters on which votes are taken by the executive (whether or not he is entitled to attend all such meetings or to vote on all such matters or in all circumstances).
- (4A) This Chapter also does not apply to the position of president if—
- (a) the holder of that position was elected or appointed to it in accordance with the rules of the union,
- (b) at the time of his election or appointment as president he held a position mentioned in paragraph (a), (b) or (d) of subsection (2) by virtue of having been elected to it at a qualifying election,
- (c) it is no more than five years since—
- (i) he was elected, or re-elected, to the position mentioned in paragraph (b) which he held at the time of his election or appointment as president, or
- (ii) he was elected to another position of a kind mentioned in that paragraph at a qualifying election held after his election or appointment as president of the union, and
- (d) he has, at all times since his election or appointment as president, held a position mentioned in paragraph (a), (b) or (d) of subsection (2) by virtue of having been elected to it at a qualifying election.
- (5) In subsection (4) A “*voting member of the executive*” means a person entitled in his own right to attend meetings of the executive and to vote on matters on which votes are taken by the executive (whether or not he is entitled to attend all such meetings or to vote on all such matters or in all circumstances).
- (5A) In subsection (4A) “*qualifying election*” means an election satisfying the requirements of this Chapter.
- (5B) The “requirements of this Chapter” referred to in subsections (1) and (5A) are those set out in sections 47 to 52 below.
- (6) The provisions of this Chapter apply notwithstanding anything in the rules or practice of the union; and the terms and conditions on which a person is employed by the union shall be disregarded in so far as they would prevent the union from complying with the provisions of this Chapter.
@@ -1441,7 +1465,7 @@
and the references in those sections to a person having a sufficient interest are to such a person.
- (3) No such application may be made after the end of the period of one year beginning with the day on which the union announced the result of the election.
- (3) Where an election has been held, no application under those sections with respect to that election may be made after the end of the period of one year beginning with the day on which the union announced the result of the election.
#### Application to Certification Officer
@@ -1641,7 +1665,9 @@
- (i) section 226B so far as applicable after the holding of the ballot, and
- (ii) section 231B; and
- (ii) section 231B; . . .
- (bb) section 232A does not prevent the industrial action from being regarded as having the support of the ballot; and
- (c) the requirements of section 233 (calling of industrial action with support of ballot) are satisfied.
@@ -2299,7 +2325,13 @@
- (3A) Where the Certification Officer requests a person to furnish information to him in connection with enquiries made by him under this section, he shall specify the date by which that information is to be furnished and, unless he considers that it would be inappropriate to do so, shall proceed with his determination of the application notwithstanding that the information has not been furnished to him by the specified date.
- (4) Any such order, on being recorded in the county court or, in Scotland, the sheriff court, may be enforced in the same way as an order of that court.
- (4A) Where an order has been made under this section, any person who is a member of the union and was a member at the time it was made is entitled to enforce obedience to the order as if he had made the complaint on which it was made.
- (4B) An order made by the Certification Officer under this section may be enforced—
- (a) in England and Wales, in the same way as an order of the county court;
- (b) in Scotland, in the same way as an order of the sheriff.
#### Assets and liabilities of political fund
@@ -2547,7 +2579,27 @@
- (1) The instrument of amalgamation or transfer must be approved by the Certification Officer and shall be submitted to him for approval before a ballot of the members of any amalgamating union, or (as the case may be) of the transferor union, is held on the resolution to approve the instrument.
- (2) The instrument must comply with the requirements of any regulations in force under this Chapter and the Certification Officer shall approve it if he is satisfied that it does so.
- (2) If the Certification Officer is satisfied—
- (a) that an instrument of amalgamation complies with the requirements of any regulations in force under this Chapter, and
- (b) that he is not prevented from approving the instrument of amalgamation by subsection (3),
he shall approve the instrument.
- (3) The Certification Officer shall not approve an instrument of amalgamation if it appears to him that the proposed name of the amalgamated union is the same as the name under which another organisation—
- (a) was on 30th September 1971 registered as a trade union under the Trade Union Acts 1871 to 1964,
- (b) was at any time registered as a trade union or employers' association under the Industrial Relations Act 1971, or
- (c) is for the time being entered in the list of trade unions or in the list of employers' associations,
or if the proposed name is one so nearly resembling any such name as to be likely to deceive the public.
- (4) Subsection (3) does not apply if the proposed name is the name of one of the amalgamating unions.
- (5) If the Certification Officer is satisfied that an instrument of transfer complies with the requirements of any regulations in force under this Chapter, he shall approve the instrument.
#### Notice to be given to members
@@ -2635,7 +2687,7 @@
- (7) A declaration made by the Certification Officer under this section may be relied on as if it were a declaration made by the court.
- (8) Where an order has been made under this section, any person who is a member of the union and was a member at the time it was made is entitled to enforce obedience to the order as if he had made the application on which the order was made.
- (8) Where an order has been made under this section, any person who is a member of the union and was a member at the time it was made is entitled to enforce obedience to the order as if he had made the complaint on which the order was made.
- (9) An order made by the Certification Officer under this section may be enforced in the same way as an order of the court.
@@ -2965,6 +3017,8 @@
But nothing in that Chapter prevents a component union from collecting contributions on behalf of the association or combination from such of its members as are not exempt from the obligation to contribute to the political fund of the association or combination.
- (8) In the application of section 116A to a federated trade union, subsection (2) of that section shall be omitted.
### Interpretation
#### Expressions relating to trade unions
@@ -3103,11 +3157,11 @@
##### 126
- (1) An organisation aggrieved by the refusal of the Certification Officer to enter its name in the list of employers’ associations, or by a decision of his to remove its name from the list, may appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal.
- (2) If on appeal the Tribunal is satisfied that the organisation’s name should be or remain entered in the list, it shall declare that fact and give directions to the Certification Officer accordingly.
- (3) The right of appeal conferred by this section extend to any question of fact or law arising in the proceedings before, or arising from the decision of, the Certification Officer.
- (1) An organisation aggrieved by the refusal of the Certification Officer to enter its name in the list of employers’ associations, or by a decision of his to remove its name from the list, may appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any appealable question.
- (2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (3) For the purposes of this section, an appealable question is any question of law arising in the proceedings before, or arising from the decision of, the Certification Officer.
### Status and property of employers’ associations
@@ -3231,9 +3285,11 @@
- (a) as if in section 99(1) for the words from “that every" to “accompanied by" there were substituted the words “that, not less than seven days before the ballot on the resolution to approve the instrument of amalgamation or transfer is held, every member is supplied with",
- (b) as if the requirements imposed by sections 100A to 100E consisted only of those specified in sections 100B and 100C(1) and (3)(a) together with the requirement that every member must, so far as is reasonably possible, be given a fair opportunity of voting, and
- (c) with the omission of sections 101(3) , 103(2A) and (6) to (9) and 107.
- (b) as if the requirements imposed by sections 100A to 100E consisted only of those specified in sections 100B and 100C(1) and (3)(a) together with the requirement that every member must, so far as is reasonably possible, be given a fair opportunity of voting, . . .
- (ba) as if the references in sections 101A and 101B to the list of trade unions were to the list of employers' associations, and
- (c) with the omission of sections 101(3) , 101A(3) and (4), 103(2A) and (6) to (9) and 107.
#### Change of name of employers' association
@@ -3743,13 +3799,7 @@
##### 154
[(1)] Sections 108 and 109 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (qualifying period and upper age limit for unfair dismissal protection) do not apply to the dismissal of an employee if it is shown that the reason or principal reason for the dismissal or, in a redundancy case, for selecting the employee for dismissal, was an inadmissible reason.
- (2) For the purposes of this section—
- “*inadmissible*”, in relation to a reason, means that it is one of those specified in section 152(1); and
- “*a redundancy case*” means a case where the reason or principal reason for the dismissal was that the employee was redundant but the equal application of the circumstances to non-dismissed employees required by section 153(a) is also shown.
Sections 108(1) and 109(1) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (qualifying period and upper age limit for unfair dismissal protection) do not apply to a dismissal which by virtue of section 152 or 153 is regarded as unfair for the purposes of Part 10 of that Act.
#### Matters to be disregarded in assessing contributory fault
@@ -5317,7 +5367,7 @@
##### 227
- (1) Entitlement to vote in the ballot must be accorded equally to all the members of the trade union who it is reasonable at the time of the ballot for the union to believe will be induced to take part or, as the case may be, to continue to take part in the industrial action in question, and to no others.
- (1) Entitlement to vote in the ballot must be accorded equally to all the members of the trade union who it is reasonable at the time of the ballot for the union to believe will be induced by the union to take part or, as the case may be, to continue to take part in the industrial action in question, and to no others.
- (2) The requirement in subsection (1) shall be taken not to have been satisfied if any person who was a member of the trade union at the time when the ballot was held and was denied entitlement to vote in the ballot is induced by the union to take part or, as the case may be, to continue to take part in the industrial action.
@@ -5467,7 +5517,7 @@
- (a) there must have been no call by the trade union to take part or continue to take part in industrial action to which the ballot relates, or any authorisation or endorsement by the union of any such industrial action, before the date of the ballot;
- (b) there must be a call for industrial action by a specified person, and industrial action to which it relates must take place, before the ballot ceases to be effective in accordance with section 234.
- (b) there must be a call for industrial action by a specified person, and industrial action to which it relates must begin, before the ballot ceases to be effective in accordance with section 234.
- (4) For the purposes of this section a call shall be taken to have been made by a trade union if it was authorised or endorsed by the union; and the provisions of section 20(2) to (4) apply for the purpose of determining whether a call, or industrial action, is to be taken to have been so authorised or endorsed.
@@ -5539,7 +5589,7 @@
- (1A) Subsection (1) does not apply to the dismissal of the employee if it is shown that the reason (or, if more than one, the principal reason) for the dismissal or, in a redundancy case, for selecting the employee for dismissal was one of those specified in or under—.
- (a) section 99, 100, 101A(d), 103 or 103A of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (dismissal in family, health and safety, working time, employee representative and protected disclosure cases),
- (a) section 98B, 99, 100, 101A(d), 103 , 103A or 104C of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (dismissal in jury service, family, health and safety, working time, employee representative , protected disclosure and flexible working cases),
- (b) section 104 of that Act in its application in relation to time off under section 57A of that Act (dependants);; and a reference to a specified reason for dismissal includes a reference to specified circumstances of dismissal
@@ -5583,7 +5633,7 @@
- (2A) Subsection (2) does not apply to the dismissal of the employee if it is shown that the reason (or, if more than one, the principal reason) for the dismissal or, in a redundancy case, for selecting the employee for dismissal was one of those specified in or under—.
- (a) section 99, 100, 101A(d) or 103 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (dismissal in family, health and safety, working time and employee representative cases),
- (a) section 98B, 99, 100, 101A(d) , 103 or 104C of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (dismissal in jury service, family, health and safety, working time , employee representative and flexible working cases),
- (b) section 104 of that Act in its application in relation to time off under section 57A of that Act (dependants);; and a reference to a specified reason for dismissal includes a reference to specified circumstances of dismissal
@@ -6409,9 +6459,9 @@
- (b) to preclude a person from bringing—
- (i) proceedings before an employment tribunal or the Central Arbitration Committee under any provision of this Act, or
- (ii) an application to the Employment Appeal Tribunal under section 67 (remedy for infringement of right not to be unjustifiably disciplined) or section 176 (compensation for . . . exclusion or expulsion).
- (i) proceedings before an employment tribunal or the Central Arbitration Committee under any provision of this Act, . . .
- (ii) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (2) Subsection (1) does not apply to an agreement to refrain from instituting or continuing proceedings where a conciliation officer has taken action under— section 18 of the Employment Tribunals Act 1996 (conciliation)
@@ -6616,6 +6666,8 @@
In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires—
- act and action each includes omission, and references to doing an act or taking action shall be construed accordingly;
- “*certificate of independence*” means a certificate issued under—section 6(6), orsection 101A(4);
- contravention includes a failure to comply, and cognate expressions shall be construed accordingly;
@@ -7128,9 +7180,9 @@
The power of the Secretary of State by further order to vary or revoke the Funds for Trade Union Ballots Order 1982 extends to so much of section 115(2)(a) as reproduces the effect of Article 2 of that order.
#### The list of trade unions.
#### Restriction on enforcement of awards against certain property.
#### Meaning of “trade union".
#### Limit on damages awarded against trade unions in actions in tort.
##### 24A
@@ -7224,7 +7276,7 @@
### Investigation of financial affairs
#### Investigations by inspectors.
#### Power of Certification Officer to require production of documents etc.
##### 37A
@@ -7516,7056 +7568,7356 @@
An appeal lies to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any question of law arising in proceedings before or arising from any decision of the Certification Officer under section 55.
#### Candidates.
##### 68A
- (1) A worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal that his employer has made a deduction from his wages in contravention of section 68—
- (a) within the period of three months beginning with the date of the payment of the wages from which the deduction, or (if the complaint relates to more than one deduction) the last of the deductions, was made, or
- (b) where the tribunal is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented within that period, within such further period as the tribunal considers reasonable.
- (2) Where a tribunal finds that a complaint under this section is well founded, it shall make a declaration to that effect and shall order the employer to pay to the worker the whole amount of the deduction, less any such part of the amount as has already been paid to the worker by the employer.
- (3) Where the making of a deduction from the wages of a worker both contravenes section 68(1) and involves one or more of the contraventions specified in subsection (4) of this section, the aggregate amount which may be ordered by an employment tribunal or court (whether on the same occasion or on different occasions) to be paid in respect of the contraventions shall not exceed the amount, or (where different amounts may be ordered to be paid in respect of different contraventions) the greatest amount, which may be ordered to be paid in respect of any one of them.
- (4) The contraventions referred to in subsection (3) are—
- (a) a contravention of the requirement not to make a deduction without having given the particulars required by section 8 (itemised pay statements) or 9(1) (standing statements of fixed deductions) of the Employment Rights Act 1996,
- (b) a contravention of section 13 of that Act (requirement not to make unauthorised deductions), and
- (c) a contravention of section 86(1) or 90(1) of this Act (requirements not to make deductions of political fund contributions in certain circumstances).
### Chapter VA — Collective bargaining: recognition
##### 70A
Schedule A1 shall have effect.
##### 70B
- (1) This section applies where—
- (a) a trade union is recognised, in accordance with Schedule A1, as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit (within the meaning of Part I of that Schedule), and
- (b) a method for the conduct of collective bargaining is specified by the Central Arbitration Committee under paragraph 31(3) of that Schedule (and is not the subject of an agreement under paragraph 31(5)(a) or (b)).
- (2) The employer must from time to time invite the trade union to send representatives to a meeting for the purpose of—
- (a) consulting about the employer’s policy on training for workers within the bargaining unit,
- (b) consulting about his plans for training for those workers during the period of six months starting with the day of the meeting, and
- (c) reporting about training provided for those workers since the previous meeting.
- (3) The date set for a meeting under subsection (2) must not be later than—
- (a) in the case of a first meeting, the end of the period of six months starting with the day on which this section first applies in relation to a bargaining unit, and
- (b) in the case of each subsequent meeting, the end of the period of six months starting with the day of the previous meeting.
- (4) The employer shall, before the period of two weeks ending with the date of a meeting, provide to the trade union any information—
- (a) without which the union’s representatives would be to a material extent impeded in participating in the meeting, and
- (b) which it would be in accordance with good industrial relations practice to disclose for the purposes of the meeting.
- (5) Section 182(1) shall apply in relation to the provision of information under subsection (4) as it applies in relation to the disclosure of information under section 181.
- (6) The employer shall take account of any written representations about matters raised at a meeting which he receives from the trade union within the period of four weeks starting with the date of the meeting.
- (7) Where more than one trade union is recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, a reference in this section to “the trade union" is a reference to each trade union.
- (8) Where at a meeting under this section (Meeting 1) an employer indicates his intention to convene a subsequent meeting (Meeting 2) before the expiry of the period of six months beginning with the date of Meeting 1, for the reference to a period of six months in subsection (2)(b) there shall be substituted a reference to the expected period between Meeting 1 and Meeting 2.
- (9) The Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument amend any of subsections (2) to (6).
- (10) No order shall be made under subsection (9) unless a draft has been laid before, and approved by resolution of, each House of Parliament.
##### 70C
- (1) A trade union may present a complaint to an employment tribunal that an employer has failed to comply with his obligations under section 70B in relation to a bargaining unit.
- (2) An employment tribunal shall not consider a complaint under this section unless it is presented—
- (a) before the end of the period of three months beginning with the date of the alleged failure, or
- (b) within such further period as the tribunal considers reasonable in a case where it is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of that period of three months.
- (3) Where an employment tribunal finds a complaint under this section well-founded it—
- (a) shall make a declaration to that effect, and
- (b) may make an award of compensation to be paid by the employer to each person who was, at the time when the failure occurred, a member of the bargaining unit.
- (4) The amount of the award shall not, in relation to each person, exceed two weeks’ pay.
- (5) For the purpose of subsection (4) a week’s pay—
- (a) shall be calculated in accordance with Chapter II of Part XIV of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (taking the date of the employer’s failure as the calculation date), and
- (b) shall be subject to the limit in section 227(1) of that Act.
- (6) Proceedings for enforcement of an award of compensation under this section—
- (a) may, in relation to each person to whom compensation is payable, be commenced by that person, and
- (b) may not be commenced by a trade union.
##### 72A
- (1) A person who is a member of a trade union and who claims that it has applied its funds in breach of section 71 may apply to the Certification Officer for a declaration that it has done so.
- (2) On an application under this section the Certification Officer—
- (a) shall make such enquiries as he thinks fit,
- (b) shall give the applicant and the union an opportunity to be heard,
- (c) shall ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, the application is determined within six months of being made,
- (d) may make or refuse the declaration asked for,
- (e) shall, whether he makes or refuses the declaration, give reasons for his decision in writing, and
- (f) may make written observations on any matter arising from, or connected with, the proceedings.
- (3) If he makes a declaration he shall specify in it—
- (a) the provisions of section 71 breached, and
- (b) the amount of the funds applied in breach.
- (4) If he makes a declaration and is satisfied that the union has taken or agreed to take steps with a view to—
- (a) remedying the declared breach, or
- (b) securing that a breach of the same or any similar kind does not occur in future,
he shall specify those steps in making the declaration.
- (5) If he makes a declaration he may make such order for remedying the breach as he thinks just under the circumstances.
- (6) Where the Certification Officer requests a person to furnish information to him in connection with enquiries made by him under this section, he shall specify the date by which that information is to be furnished and, unless he considers that it would be inappropriate to do so, shall proceed with his determination of the application notwithstanding that the information has not been furnished to him by the specified date.
- (7) A declaration made by the Certification Officer under this section may be relied on as if it were a declaration made by the court.
- (8) Where an order has been made under this section, any person who is a member of the union and was a member at the time it was made is entitled to enforce obedience to the order as if he had made the application on which the order was made.
- (9) An order made by the Certification Officer under this section may be enforced in the same way as an order of the court.
- (10) If a person applies to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to an alleged breach he may not apply to the court in relation to the breach; but nothing in this subsection shall prevent such a person from exercising any right to appeal against or challenge the Certification Officer’s decision on the application to him.
- (11) If—
- (a) a person applies to the court in relation to an alleged breach, and
- (b) the breach is one in relation to which he could have made an application to the Certification Officer under this section,
he may not apply to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to the breach.
##### 77A
- (1) The trade union shall ensure that—
- (a) the storage and distribution of the voting papers for the purposes of the ballot, and
- (b) the counting of the votes cast in the ballot,
are undertaken by one or more independent persons appointed by the union.
- (2) A person is an independent person in relation to a ballot if—
- (a) he is the scrutineer, or
- (b) he is a person other than the scrutineer and the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
- (3) An appointment under this section shall require the person appointed to carry out his functions so as to minimise the risk of any contravention of requirements imposed by or under any enactment or the occurrence of any unfairness or malpractice.
- (4) The duty of confidentiality as respects the register is incorporated in an appointment under this section.
- (5) Where the person appointed to undertake the counting of votes is not the scrutineer, his appointment shall require him to send the voting papers back to the scrutineer as soon as reasonably practicable after the counting has been completed.
- (6) The trade union—
- (a) shall ensure that nothing in the terms of an appointment under this section is such as to make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union,
- (b) shall ensure that a person appointed under this section duly carries out his functions and that there is no interference with his carrying out of those functions which would make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union, and
- (c) shall comply with all reasonable requests made by a person appointed under this section for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of his functions.
#### Right not to suffer deduction of unauthorised subscriptions
##### 68A
- (1) A worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal that his employer has made a deduction from his wages in contravention of section 68—
- (a) within the period of three months beginning with the date of the payment of the wages from which the deduction, or (if the complaint relates to more than one deduction) the last of the deductions, was made, or
- (b) where the tribunal is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented within that period, within such further period as the tribunal considers reasonable.
- (2) Where a tribunal finds that a complaint under this section is well founded, it shall make a declaration to that effect and shall order the employer to pay to the worker the whole amount of the deduction, less any such part of the amount as has already been paid to the worker by the employer.
- (3) Where the making of a deduction from the wages of a worker both contravenes section 68(1) and involves one or more of the contraventions specified in subsection (4) of this section, the aggregate amount which may be ordered by an employment tribunal or court (whether on the same occasion or on different occasions) to be paid in respect of the contraventions shall not exceed the amount, or (where different amounts may be ordered to be paid in respect of different contraventions) the greatest amount, which may be ordered to be paid in respect of any one of them.
- (4) The contraventions referred to in subsection (3) are—
- (a) a contravention of the requirement not to make a deduction without having given the particulars required by section 8 (itemised pay statements) or 9(1) (standing statements of fixed deductions) of the Employment Rights Act 1996,
- (b) a contravention of section 13 of that Act (requirement not to make unauthorised deductions), and
- (c) a contravention of section 86(1) or 90(1) of this Act (requirements not to make deductions of political fund contributions in certain circumstances).
### Chapter VA — Collective bargaining: recognition
##### 70A
Schedule A1 shall have effect.
##### 70B
- (1) This section applies where—
- (a) a trade union is recognised, in accordance with Schedule A1, as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit (within the meaning of Part I of that Schedule), and
- (b) a method for the conduct of collective bargaining is specified by the Central Arbitration Committee under paragraph 31(3) of that Schedule (and is not the subject of an agreement under paragraph 31(5)(a) or (b)).
- (2) The employer must from time to time invite the trade union to send representatives to a meeting for the purpose of—
- (a) consulting about the employer’s policy on training for workers within the bargaining unit,
- (b) consulting about his plans for training for those workers during the period of six months starting with the day of the meeting, and
- (c) reporting about training provided for those workers since the previous meeting.
- (3) The date set for a meeting under subsection (2) must not be later than—
- (a) in the case of a first meeting, the end of the period of six months starting with the day on which this section first applies in relation to a bargaining unit, and
- (b) in the case of each subsequent meeting, the end of the period of six months starting with the day of the previous meeting.
- (4) The employer shall, before the period of two weeks ending with the date of a meeting, provide to the trade union any information—
- (a) without which the union’s representatives would be to a material extent impeded in participating in the meeting, and
- (b) which it would be in accordance with good industrial relations practice to disclose for the purposes of the meeting.
- (5) Section 182(1) shall apply in relation to the provision of information under subsection (4) as it applies in relation to the disclosure of information under section 181.
- (6) The employer shall take account of any written representations about matters raised at a meeting which he receives from the trade union within the period of four weeks starting with the date of the meeting.
- (7) Where more than one trade union is recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, a reference in this section to “the trade union" is a reference to each trade union.
- (8) Where at a meeting under this section (Meeting 1) an employer indicates his intention to convene a subsequent meeting (Meeting 2) before the expiry of the period of six months beginning with the date of Meeting 1, for the reference to a period of six months in subsection (2)(b) there shall be substituted a reference to the expected period between Meeting 1 and Meeting 2.
- (9) The Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument amend any of subsections (2) to (6).
- (10) No order shall be made under subsection (9) unless a draft has been laid before, and approved by resolution of, each House of Parliament.
##### 70C
- (1) A trade union may present a complaint to an employment tribunal that an employer has failed to comply with his obligations under section 70B in relation to a bargaining unit.
- (2) An employment tribunal shall not consider a complaint under this section unless it is presented—
- (a) before the end of the period of three months beginning with the date of the alleged failure, or
- (b) within such further period as the tribunal considers reasonable in a case where it is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of that period of three months.
- (3) Where an employment tribunal finds a complaint under this section well-founded it—
#### Scrutineer’s report.
##### 100A
- (1) The trade union shall, before the ballot is held, appoint a qualified independent person (“*the scrutineer*”) to carry out—
- (a) the functions in relation to the ballot which are required under this section to be contained in his appointment; and
- (b) such additional functions in relation to the ballot as may be specified in his appointment.
- (2) A person is a qualified independent person in relation to a ballot if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of this section by order of the Secretary of State or is himself so specified; and
- (b) the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
An order under paragraph (a) shall be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
- (3) The scrutineer’s appointment shall require him—
- (a) to be the person who supervises the production of the voting papers and (unless he is appointed under section 100D to undertake the distribution of the voting papers) their distribution and to whom the voting papers are returned by those voting;
- (b) to—
- (i) inspect the register of names and addresses of the members of the trade union, or
- (ii) examine the copy of the register as at the relevant date which is supplied to him in accordance with subsection (9)(a),
whenever it appears to him appropriate to do so and, in particular, when the conditions specified in subsection (4) are satisfied;
- (c) to take such steps as appear to him to be appropriate for the purpose of enabling him to make his report (see section 100E);
- (d) to make his report to the trade union as soon as reasonably practicable after the last date for the return of voting papers; and
- (e) to retain custody of all voting papers returned for the purposes of the ballot and the copy of the register supplied to him in accordance with subsection (9)(a)—
- (i) until the end of the period of one year beginning with the announcement by the union of the result of the ballot; and
- (ii) if within that period a complaint is made under section 103 (complaint as regards passing of resolution), until the Certification Officer or Employment Appeal Tribunal authorises him to dispose of the papers or copy.
- (4) The conditions referred to in subsection (3)(b) are—
- (a) that a request that the scrutineer inspect the register or examine the copy is made to him during the appropriate period by a member of the trade union who suspects that the register is not, or at the relevant date was not, accurate and up-to-date, and
- (b) that the scrutineer does not consider that the member’s suspicion is ill-founded.
- (5) In subsection (4) “*the appropriate period*” means the period—
- (a) beginning with the day on which the scrutineer is appointed, and
- (b) ending with the day before the day on which the scrutineer makes his report to the trade union.
- (6) The duty of confidentiality as respects the register is incorporated in the scrutineer’s appointment.
- (7) The trade union shall ensure that nothing in the terms of the scrutineer’s appointment (including any additional functions specified in the appointment) is such as to make it reasonable for any person to call the scrutineer’s independence in relation to the union into question.
- (8) The trade union shall, before the scrutineer begins to carry out his functions, either—
- (a) send a notice stating the name of the scrutineer to every member of the union to whom it is reasonably practicable to send such a notice, or
- (b) take all such other steps for notifying members of the name of the scrutineer as it is the practice of the union to take when matters of general interest to all its members need to be brought to their attention.
- (9) The trade union shall—
- (a) supply to the scrutineer as soon as is reasonably practicable after the relevant date a copy of the register of names and addresses of its members as at that date, and
- (b) comply with any request made by the scrutineer to inspect the register.
- (10) Where the register is kept by means of a computer the duty imposed on the trade union by subsection (9)(a) is either to supply a legible printed copy or (if the scrutineer prefers) to supply a copy of the computer data and allow the scrutineer use of the computer to read it at any time during the period when he is required to retain custody of the copy.
- (11) The trade union shall ensure that the scrutineer duly carries out his functions and that there is no interference with his carrying out of those functions which would make it reasonable for any person to call the scrutineer’s independence in relation to the union into question.
- (12) The trade union shall comply with all reasonable requests made by the scrutineer for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of his functions.
- (13) In this section “*the relevant date*” means—
- (a) where the trade union has rules determining who is entitled to vote in the ballot by reference to membership on a particular date, that date, and
- (b) otherwise, the date, or the last date, on which voting papers are distributed for the purposes of the ballot.
#### Appointment of independent scrutineer.
##### 100B
Entitlement to vote in the ballot shall be accorded equally to all members of the trade union.
#### Entitlement to vote.
##### 100C
- (1) The method of voting must be by the marking of a voting paper by the person voting.
- (2) Each voting paper must—
- (a) state the name of the independent scrutineer and clearly specify the address to which, and the date by which, it is to be returned, and
- (b) be given one of a series of consecutive whole numbers every one of which is used in giving a different number in that series to each voting paper printed or otherwise produced for the purposes of the ballot, and
- (c) be marked with its number.
- (3) Every person who is entitled to vote in the ballot must—
- (a) be allowed to vote without interference or constraint, and
- (b) so far as is reasonably practicable, be enabled to do so without incurring any direct cost to himself.
- (4) So far as is reasonably practicable, every person who is entitled to vote in the ballot must—
- (a) have a voting paper sent to him by post at his home address or another address which he has requested the trade union in writing to treat as his postal address, and
- (b) be given a convenient opportunity to vote by post.
- (5) No voting paper which is sent to a person for voting shall have enclosed with it any other document except—
- (a) the notice which, under section 99(1), is to accompany the voting paper,
- (b) an addressed envelope, and
- (c) a document containing instructions for the return of the voting paper,
without any other statement.
- (6) The ballot shall be conducted so as to secure that—
- (a) so far as is reasonably practicable, those voting do so in secret, and
- (b) the votes given in the ballot are fairly and accurately counted.
For the purposes of paragraph (b) an inaccuracy in counting shall be disregarded if it is accidental and on a scale which could not affect the result of the ballot.
#### Voting.
##### 100D
- (1) The trade union shall ensure that—
- (a) the storage and distribution of the voting papers for the purposes of the ballot, and
- (b) the counting of the votes cast in the ballot,
are undertaken by one or more independent persons appointed by the trade union.
- (2) A person is an independent person in relation to a ballot if—
- (a) he is the scrutineer, or
- (b) he is a person other than the scrutineer and the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
- (3) An appointment under this section shall require the person appointed to carry out his functions so as to minimise the risk of any contravention of requirements imposed by or under any enactment or the occurrence of any unfairness or malpractice.
- (4) The duty of confidentiality as respects the register is incorporated in the scrutineer’s appointment.
- (5) Where the person appointed to undertake the counting of votes is not the scrutineer, his appointment shall require him to send the voting papers back to the scrutineer as soon as reasonably practicable after the counting has been completed.
- (6) The trade union—
- (a) shall ensure that nothing in the terms of an appointment under this section is such as to make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union,
- (b) shall ensure that a person appointed under this section duly carries out his functions and that there is no interference with his carrying out of those functions which would make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union, and
- (c) shall comply with all reasonable requests made by a person appointed under this section for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of his functions.
#### Counting of votes etc. by independent person.
##### 100E
- (1) The scrutineer’s report on the ballot shall state—
- (a) the number of voting papers distributed for the purposes of the ballot,
- (b) the number of voting papers returned to the scrutineer,
- (c) the number of valid votes cast in the ballot for and against the resolution,
- (d) the number of spoiled or otherwise invalid voting papers returned, and
- (e) the name of the person (or of each of the persons) appointed under section 100D or, if no person was so appointed, that fact.
- (2) The report shall also state whether the scrutineer is satisfied—
- (a) that there are no reasonable grounds for believing that there was any contravention of a requirement imposed by or under any enactment in relation to the ballot,
- (b) that the arrangements made (whether by him or any other person) with respect to the production, storage, distribution, return or other handling of the voting papers used in the ballot, and the arrangements for the counting of the votes, included all such security arrangements as were reasonably practicable for the purpose of minimising the risk that any unfairness or malpractice might occur, and
- (c) that he has been able to carry out his functions without any such interference as would make it reasonable for any person to call his independence in relation to the union into question;
and if he is not satisfied as to any of those matters, the report shall give particulars of his reasons for not being satisfied as to that matter.
- (3) The report shall also state—
- (a) whether the scrutineer—
- (i) has inspected the register of names and addresses of the members of the trade union, or
- (ii) has examined the copy of the register as at the relevant date which is supplied to him in accordance with section 100A(9)(a),
- (b) if he has, whether in the case of each inspection or examination he was acting on a request by a member of the trade union or at his own instance,
- (c) whether he declined to act on any such request, and
- (d) whether any inspection of the register, or any examination of the copy of the register, has revealed any matter which he considers should be drawn to the attention of the trade union in order to assist it in securing that the register is accurate and up-to-date,
but shall not state the name of any member who has requested such an inspection or examination.
- (4) Where one or more persons other than the scrutineer are appointed under section 100D, the statement included in the scrutineer’s report in accordance with subsection (2)(b) shall also indicate—
- (a) whether he is satisfied with the performance of the person, or each of the persons, so appointed, and
- (b) if he is not satisfied with the performance of the person, or any of them, particulars of his reasons for not being so satisfied.
- (5) The trade union shall not publish the result of the ballot until it has received the scrutineer’s report.
- (6) The trade union shall within the period of three months after it receives the report—
- (a) send a copy of the report to every member of the union to whom it is reasonably practicable to send such a copy; or
- (b) take all such other steps for notifying the contents of the report to the members of the union (whether by publishing the report or otherwise) as it is the practice of the union to take when matters of general interest to all its members need to be brought to their attention.
- (7) Any such copy or notification shall be accompanied by a statement that the union will, on request, supply any member of the trade union with a copy of the report, either free of charge or on payment of such reasonable fee as may be specified in the notification.
- (8) The trade union shall so supply any member of the union who makes such a request and pays the fee (if any) notified to him.
#### Scrutineer’s report.
##### 101A
- (1) Subsection (2) applies if when an instrument of amalgamation is registered by the Certification Officer under this Chapter each of the amalgamating unions is entered in the list of trade unions.
- (2) The Certification Officer shall—
- (a) enter, with effect from the amalgamation date, the name of the amalgamated union in the list of trade unions, and
- (b) remove, with effect from that date, the names of the amalgamating unions from that list.
- (3) Subsection (4) applies if when an instrument of amalgamation is registered by the Certification Officer under this Chapter each of the amalgamating unions has a certificate of independence which is in force.
- (4) The Certification Officer shall issue to the amalgamated trade union, with effect from the amalgamation date, a certificate that the union is independent.
- (5) In this section “*the amalgamation date*” means the date on which the instrument of amalgamation takes effect.
##### 101B
- (1) If an instrument of amalgamation is registered under this Chapter by the Certification Officer and the amalgamated union is entered in the list of trade unions in accordance with section 101A, that union shall send to him, in such manner and form as he may require—
- (a) a copy of the rules of the union,
- (b) a list of its officers, and
- (c) the address of its head or main office.
- (2) The information required to be sent under subsection (1) must be accompanied by any fee prescribed for the purpose under section 108.
- (3) The information must be sent—
- (a) before the end of the period of six weeks beginning with the date on which the instrument of amalgamation takes effect, or
- (b) if the Certification Officer considers that it is not reasonably practicable for the amalgamated union to send it in that period, before the end of such longer period, beginning with that date, as he may specify to the amalgamated union.
- (4) If any of subsections (1) to (3) are not complied with by the amalgamated union, the Certification Officer shall remove its name from the list of trade unions.
### CHAPTER VIIA — BREACH OF RULES
#### Declarations and orders.
##### 108A
- (1) A person who claims that there has been a breach or threatened breach of the rules of a trade union relating to any of the matters mentioned in subsection (2) may apply to the Certification Officer for a declaration to that effect, subject to subsections (3) to (7).
- (2) The matters are—
- (a) the appointment or election of a person to, or the removal of a person from, any office;
- (b) disciplinary proceedings by the union (including expulsion);
- (c) the balloting of members on any issue other than industrial action;
- (d) the constitution or proceedings of any executive committee or of any decision-making meeting;
- (e) such other matters as may be specified in an order made by the Secretary of State.
- (3) The applicant must be a member of the union, or have been one at the time of the alleged breach or threatened breach.
- (4) A person may not apply under subsection (1) in relation to a claim if he is entitled to apply under section 80 in relation to the claim.
- (5) No application may be made regarding—
- (a) the dismissal of an employee of the union;
- (b) disciplinary proceedings against an employee of the union.
- (6) An application must be made—
- (a) within the period of six months starting with the day on which the breach or threatened breach is alleged to have taken place, or
- (b) if within that period any internal complaints procedure of the union is invoked to resolve the claim, within the period of six months starting with the earlier of the days specified in subsection (7).
- (7) Those days are—
- (a) the day on which the procedure is concluded, and
- (b) the last day of the period of one year beginning with the day on which the procedure is invoked.
- (8) The reference in subsection (1) to the rules of a union includes references to the rules of any branch or section of the union.
- (9) In subsection (2)(c) “*industrial action*” means a strike or other industrial action by persons employed under contracts of employment.
- (10) For the purposes of subsection (2)(d) a committee is an executive committee if—
- (a) it is a committee of the union concerned and has power to make executive decisions on behalf of the union or on behalf of a constituent body,
- (b) it is a committee of a major constituent body and has power to make executive decisions on behalf of that body, or
- (c) it is a sub-committee of a committee falling within paragraph (a) or (b).
- (11) For the purposes of subsection (2)(d) a decision-making meeting is—
- (a) a meeting of members of the union concerned (or the representatives of such members) which has power to make a decision on any matter which, under the rules of the union, is final as regards the union or which, under the rules of the union or a constituent body, is final as regards that body, or
- (b) a meeting of members of a major constituent body (or the representatives of such members) which has power to make a decision on any matter which, under the rules of the union or the body, is final as regards that body.
- (12) For the purposes of subsections (10) and (11), in relation to the trade union concerned—
- (a) a constituent body is any body which forms part of the union, including a branch, group, section or region;
- (b) a major constituent body is such a body which has more than 1,000 members.
- (13) Any order under subsection (2)(e) shall be made by statutory instrument; and no such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before and approved by resolution of each House of Parliament.
- (14) If a person applies to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to an alleged breach or threatened breach he may not apply to the court in relation to the breach or threatened breach; but nothing in this subsection shall prevent such a person from exercising any right to appeal against or challenge the Certification Officer’s decision on the application to him.
- (15) If—
- (a) a person applies to the court in relation to an alleged breach or threatened breach, and
- (b) the breach or threatened breach is one in relation to which he could have made an application to the Certification Officer under this section,
he may not apply to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to the breach or threatened breach.
##### 108B
- (1) The Certification Officer may refuse to accept an application under section 108A unless he is satisfied that the applicant has taken all reasonable steps to resolve the claim by the use of any internal complaints procedure of the union.
- (2) If he accepts an application under section 108A the Certification Officer—
- (a) shall make such enquiries as he thinks fit,
- (b) shall give the applicant and the union an opportunity to be heard,
- (c) shall ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, the application is determined within six months of being made,
- (d) may make or refuse the declaration asked for, and
- (e) shall, whether he makes or refuses the declaration, give reasons for his decision in writing.
- (3) Where the Certification Officer makes a declaration he shall also, unless he considers that to do so would be inappropriate, make an enforcement order, that is, an order imposing on the union one or both of the following requirements—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the breach, or withdraw the threat of a breach, as may be specified in the order;
- (b) to abstain from such acts as may be so specified with a view to securing that a breach or threat of the same or a similar kind does not occur in future.
- (4) The Certification Officer shall in an order imposing any such requirement as is mentioned in subsection (3)(a) specify the period within which the union is to comply with the requirement.
- (5) Where the Certification Officer requests a person to furnish information to him in connection with enquiries made by him under this section, he shall specify the date by which that information is to be furnished and, unless he considers that it would be inappropriate to do so, shall proceed with his determination of the application notwithstanding that the information has not been furnished to him by the specified date.
- (6) A declaration made by the Certification Officer under this section may be relied on as if it were a declaration made by the court.
- (7) Where an enforcement order has been made, any person who is a member of the union and was a member at the time it was made is entitled to enforce obedience to the order as if he had made the application on which the order was made.
- (8) An enforcement order made by the Certification Officer under this section may be enforced in the same way as an order of the court.
- (9) An order under section 108A(2)(e) may provide that, in relation to an application under section 108A with regard to a prescribed matter, the preceding provisions of this section shall apply with such omissions or modifications as may be specified in the order; and a prescribed matter is such matter specified under section 108A(2)(e) as is prescribed under this subsection.
##### 108C
An appeal lies to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any question of law arising in proceedings before or arising from any decision of the Certification Officer under this Chapter.
### Union modernisation
##### 116A
- (1) The Secretary of State may provide money to a trade union to enable or assist it to do any or all of the following—
- (a) improve the carrying out of any of its existing functions;
- (b) prepare to carry out any new function;
- (c) increase the range of services it offers to persons who are or may become members of it;
- (d) prepare for an amalgamation or the transfer of any or all of its engagements;
- (e) ballot its members (whether as a result of a requirement imposed by this Act or otherwise).
- (2) No money shall be provided to a trade union under this section unless at the time when the money is provided the union has a certificate of independence.
- (3) Money may be provided in such a way as the Secretary of State thinks fit (whether as grants or otherwise) and on such terms as he thinks fit (whether as to repayment or otherwise).
- (4) If money is provided to a trade union under this section, the terms on which it is so provided shall be deemed to include a prohibition (“a political fund prohibition”) on any of it being added to the political fund of the union.
- (5) If a political fund prohibition is contravened, the Secretary of State—
- (a) is entitled to recover from the trade union as a debt due to him an amount equal to the amount of money added to the union’s political fund in contravention of the prohibition (whether or not that money continues to form part of the political fund); and
- (b) must take such steps as are reasonably practicable to recover that amount.
- (6) An amount recoverable under subsection (5) is a liability of the trade union’s political fund.
- (7) Subsection (5) does not prevent money provided to a trade union under this section from being provided on terms containing further sanctions for a contravention of the political fund prohibition.
### Inducements
##### 145A
- (1) A worker has the right not to have an offer made to him by his employer for the sole or main purpose of inducing the worker—
- (a) not to be or seek to become a member of an independent trade union,
- (b) not to take part, at an appropriate time, in the activities of an independent trade union,
- (c) not to make use, at an appropriate time, of trade union services, or
- (d) to be or become a member of any trade union or of a particular trade union or of one of a number of particular trade unions.
- (2) In subsection (1) “*an appropriate time*” means—
- (a) a time outside the worker’s working hours, or
- (b) a time within his working hours at which, in accordance with arrangements agreed with or consent given by his employer, it is permissible for him to take part in the activities of a trade union or (as the case may be) make use of trade union services.
- (3) In subsection (2) “*working hours*”, in relation to a worker, means any time when, in accordance with his contract of employment (or other contract personally to do work or perform services), he is required to be at work.
- (4) In subsections (1) and (2)—
- (a) “*trade union services*” means services made available to the worker by an independent trade union by virtue of his membership of the union, and
- (b) references to a worker’s “making use” of trade union services include his consenting to the raising of a matter on his behalf by an independent trade union of which he is a member.
- (5) A worker or former worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal on the ground that his employer has made him an offer in contravention of this section.
#### Change of name of employers’ association.
##### 145B
- (1) A worker who is a member of an independent trade union which is recognised, or seeking to be recognised, by his employer has the right not to have an offer made to him by his employer if—
- (a) acceptance of the offer, together with other workers' acceptance of offers which the employer also makes to them, would have the prohibited result, and
- (b) the employer’s sole or main purpose in making the offers is to achieve that result.
- (2) The prohibited result is that the workers' terms of employment, or any of those terms, will not (or will no longer) be determined by collective agreement negotiated by or on behalf of the union.
- (3) It is immaterial for the purposes of subsection (1) whether the offers are made to the workers simultaneously.
- (4) Having terms of employment determined by collective agreement shall not be regarded for the purposes of section 145A (or section 146 or 152) as making use of a trade union service.
- (5) A worker or former worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal on the ground that his employer has made him an offer in contravention of this section.
##### 145C
An employment tribunal shall not consider a complaint under section 145A or 145B unless it is presented—
- (a) before the end of the period of three months beginning with the date when the offer was made or, where the offer is part of a series of similar offers to the complainant, the date when the last of them was made, or
- (b) where the tribunal is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of that period, within such further period as it considers reasonable.
##### 145D
- (1) On a complaint under section 145A it shall be for the employer to show what was his sole or main purpose in making the offer.
- (2) On a complaint under section 145B it shall be for the employer to show what was his sole or main purpose in making the offers.
- (3) On a complaint under section 145A or 145B, in determining any question whether the employer made the offer (or offers) or the purpose for which he did so, no account shall be taken of any pressure which was exercised on him by calling, organising, procuring or financing a strike or other industrial action, or by threatening to do so; and that question shall be determined as if no such pressure had been exercised.
- (4) In determining whether an employer’s sole or main purpose in making offers was the purpose mentioned in section 145B(1), the matters taken into account must include any evidence—
- (a) that when the offers were made the employer had recently changed or sought to change, or did not wish to use, arrangements agreed with the union for collective bargaining,
- (b) that when the offers were made the employer did not wish to enter into arrangements proposed by the union for collective bargaining, or
- (c) that the offers were made only to particular workers, and were made with the sole or main purpose of rewarding those particular workers for their high level of performance or of retaining them because of their special value to the employer.
##### 145E
- (1) Subsections (2) and (3) apply where the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under section 145A or 145B is well-founded.
- (2) The tribunal—
- (a) shall make a declaration to that effect, and
- (b) may make an award of compensation to be paid by the employer to each person who was, at the time when the failure occurred, a member of the bargaining unit.
- (4) The amount of the award shall not, in relation to each person, exceed two weeks’ pay.
- (5) For the purpose of subsection (4) a week’s pay—
- (a) shall be calculated in accordance with Chapter II of Part XIV of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (taking the date of the employer’s failure as the calculation date), and
- (b) shall be subject to the limit in section 227(1) of that Act.
- (6) Proceedings for enforcement of an award of compensation under this section—
- (a) may, in relation to each person to whom compensation is payable, be commenced by that person, and
- (b) may not be commenced by a trade union.
##### 72A
- (1) A person who is a member of a trade union and who claims that it has applied its funds in breach of section 71 may apply to the Certification Officer for a declaration that it has done so.
- (2) On an application under this section the Certification Officer—
- (a) shall make such enquiries as he thinks fit,
- (b) shall give the applicant and the union an opportunity to be heard,
- (c) shall ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, the application is determined within six months of being made,
- (d) may make or refuse the declaration asked for,
- (e) shall, whether he makes or refuses the declaration, give reasons for his decision in writing, and
- (f) may make written observations on any matter arising from, or connected with, the proceedings.
- (3) If he makes a declaration he shall specify in it—
- (a) the provisions of section 71 breached, and
- (b) the amount of the funds applied in breach.
- (4) If he makes a declaration and is satisfied that the union has taken or agreed to take steps with a view to—
- (a) remedying the declared breach, or
- (b) securing that a breach of the same or any similar kind does not occur in future,
he shall specify those steps in making the declaration.
- (5) If he makes a declaration he may make such order for remedying the breach as he thinks just under the circumstances.
- (6) Where the Certification Officer requests a person to furnish information to him in connection with enquiries made by him under this section, he shall specify the date by which that information is to be furnished and, unless he considers that it would be inappropriate to do so, shall proceed with his determination of the application notwithstanding that the information has not been furnished to him by the specified date.
- (7) A declaration made by the Certification Officer under this section may be relied on as if it were a declaration made by the court.
- (8) Where an order has been made under this section, any person who is a member of the union and was a member at the time it was made is entitled to enforce obedience to the order as if he had made the application on which the order was made.
- (9) An order made by the Certification Officer under this section may be enforced in the same way as an order of the court.
- (10) If a person applies to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to an alleged breach he may not apply to the court in relation to the breach; but nothing in this subsection shall prevent such a person from exercising any right to appeal against or challenge the Certification Officer’s decision on the application to him.
- (11) If—
- (a) a person applies to the court in relation to an alleged breach, and
- (b) the breach is one in relation to which he could have made an application to the Certification Officer under this section,
he may not apply to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to the breach.
##### 77A
- (1) The trade union shall ensure that—
- (a) the storage and distribution of the voting papers for the purposes of the ballot, and
- (b) the counting of the votes cast in the ballot,
are undertaken by one or more independent persons appointed by the union.
- (2) A person is an independent person in relation to a ballot if—
- (a) he is the scrutineer, or
- (b) he is a person other than the scrutineer and the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
- (3) An appointment under this section shall require the person appointed to carry out his functions so as to minimise the risk of any contravention of requirements imposed by or under any enactment or the occurrence of any unfairness or malpractice.
- (4) The duty of confidentiality as respects the register is incorporated in an appointment under this section.
- (5) Where the person appointed to undertake the counting of votes is not the scrutineer, his appointment shall require him to send the voting papers back to the scrutineer as soon as reasonably practicable after the counting has been completed.
- (6) The trade union—
- (a) shall ensure that nothing in the terms of an appointment under this section is such as to make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union,
- (b) shall ensure that a person appointed under this section duly carries out his functions and that there is no interference with his carrying out of those functions which would make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union, and
- (c) shall comply with all reasonable requests made by a person appointed under this section for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of his functions.
#### Remedy for failure to comply with ballot rules: general.
#### Appointment of independent scrutineer.
##### 100A
- (1) The trade union shall, before the ballot is held, appoint a qualified independent person (“*the scrutineer*”) to carry out—
- (a) the functions in relation to the ballot which are required under this section to be contained in his appointment; and
- (b) such additional functions in relation to the ballot as may be specified in his appointment.
- (2) A person is a qualified independent person in relation to a ballot if—
- (b) shall make an award to be paid by the employer to the complainant in respect of the offer complained of.
- (3) The amount of the award shall be £2,500 (subject to any adjustment of the award that may fall to be made under Part 3 of the Employment Act 2002).
- (4) Where an offer made in contravention of section 145A or 145B is accepted—
- (a) if the acceptance results in the worker’s agreeing to vary his terms of employment, the employer cannot enforce the agreement to vary, or recover any sum paid or other asset transferred by him under the agreement to vary;
- (b) if as a result of the acceptance the worker’s terms of employment are varied, nothing in section 145A or 145B makes the variation unenforceable by either party.
- (5) Nothing in this section or sections 145A and 145B prejudices any right conferred by section 146 or 149.
- (6) In ascertaining any amount of compensation under section 149, no reduction shall be made on the ground—
- (a) that the complainant caused or contributed to his loss, or to the act or failure complained of, by accepting or not accepting an offer made in contravention of section 145A or 145B, or
- (b) that the complainant has received or is entitled to an award under this section.
##### 145F
- (1) References in sections 145A to 145E to being or becoming a member of a trade union include references—
- (a) to being or becoming a member of a particular branch or section of that union, and
- (b) to being or becoming a member of one of a number of particular branches or sections of that union.
- (2) References in those sections—
- (a) to taking part in the activities of a trade union, and
- (b) to services made available by a trade union by virtue of membership of the union,
shall be construed in accordance with subsection (1).
- (3) In sections 145A to 145E—
- “*worker*” means an individual who works, or normally works, as mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (c) of section 296(1), and
- “*employer*” means—in relation to a worker, the person for whom he works;in relation to a former worker, the person for whom he worked.
- (4) The remedy of a person for infringement of the right conferred on him by section 145A or 145B is by way of a complaint to an employment tribunal in accordance with this Part, and not otherwise.
##### 168A
- (1) An employer shall permit an employee of his who is—
- (a) a member of an independent trade union recognised by the employer, and
- (b) a learning representative of the trade union,
to take time off during his working hours for any of the following purposes.
- (2) The purposes are—
- (a) carrying on any of the following activities in relation to qualifying members of the trade union—
- (i) analysing learning or training needs,
- (ii) providing information and advice about learning or training matters,
- (iii) arranging learning or training, and
- (iv) promoting the value of learning or training,
- (b) consulting the employer about carrying on any such activities in relation to such members of the trade union,
- (c) preparing for any of the things mentioned in paragraphs (a) and (b).
- (3) Subsection (1) only applies if—
- (a) the trade union has given the employer notice in writing that the employee is a learning representative of the trade union, and
- (b) the training condition is met in relation to him.
- (4) The training condition is met if—
- (a) the employee has undergone sufficient training to enable him to carry on the activities mentioned in subsection (2), and the trade union has given the employer notice in writing of that fact,
- (b) the trade union has in the last six months given the employer notice in writing that the employee will be undergoing such training, or
- (c) within six months of the trade union giving the employer notice in writing that the employee will be undergoing such training, the employee has done so, and the trade union has given the employer notice of that fact.
- (5) Only one notice under subsection (4)(b) may be given in respect of any one employee.
- (6) References in subsection (4) to sufficient training to carry out the activities mentioned in subsection (2) are to training that is sufficient for those purposes having regard to any relevant provision of a Code of Practice issued by ACAS or the Secretary of State.
- (7) If an employer is required to permit an employee to take time off under subsection (1), he shall also permit the employee to take time off during his working hours for the following purposes—
- (a) undergoing training which is relevant to his functions as a learning representative, and
- (b) where the trade union has in the last six months given the employer notice under subsection (4)(b) in relation to the employee, undergoing such training as is mentioned in subsection (4)(a).
- (8) The amount of time off which an employee is to be permitted to take under this section and the purposes for which, the occasions on which and any conditions subject to which time off may be so taken are those that are reasonable in all the circumstances having regard to any relevant provision of a Code of Practice issued by ACAS or the Secretary of State.
- (9) An employee may present a complaint to an employment tribunal that his employer has failed to permit him to take time off as required by this section.
- (10) In subsection (2)(a), the reference to qualifying members of the trade union is to members of the trade union—
- (a) who are employees of the employer of a description in respect of which the union is recognised by the employer, and
- (b) in relation to whom it is the function of the union learning representative to act as such.
- (11) For the purposes of this section, a person is a learning representative of a trade union if he is appointed or elected as such in accordance with its rules.
##### 188A
- (1) The requirements for the election of employee representatives under section 188(1B)(b)(ii) are that–
- (a) the employer shall make such arrangements as are reasonably practical to ensure that the election is fair;
- (b) the employer shall determine the number of representatives to be elected so that there are sufficient representatives to represent the interests of all the affected employees having regard to the number and classes of those employees;
- (c) the employer shall determine whether the affected employees should be represented either by representatives of all the affected employees or by representatives of particular classes of those employees;
- (d) before the election the employer shall determine the term of office as employee representatives so that it is of sufficient length to enable information to be given and consultations under section 188 to be completed;
- (e) the candidates for election as employee representatives are affected employees on the date of the election;
- (f) no affected employee is unreasonably excluded from standing for election;
- (g) all affected employees on the date of the election are entitled to vote for employee representatives;
- (h) the employees entitled to vote may vote for as many candidates as there are representatives to be elected to represent them or, if there are to be representatives for particular classes of employees, may vote for as many candidates as there are representatives to be elected to represent their particular class of employee;
- (i) the election is conducted so as to secure that–
- (i) so far as is reasonably practicable, those voting do so in secret, and
- (ii) the votes given at the election are accurately counted.
- (2) Where, after an election of employee representatives satisfying the requirements of subsection (1) has been held, one of those elected ceases to act as an employee representative and any of those employees are no longer represented, they shall elect another representative by an election satisfying the requirements of subsection (1)(a), (e), (f) and (i).
##### 207A
- (1) This section applies to proceedings before an employment tribunal relating to a claim by an employee under any of the jurisdictions listed in Schedule A2.
- (2) If, in the case of proceedings to which this section applies, it appears to the employment tribunal that—
- (a) the claim to which the proceedings relate concerns a matter to which a relevant Code of Practice applies,
- (b) the employer has failed to comply with that Code in relation to that matter, and
- (c) that failure was unreasonable,
the employment tribunal may, if it considers it just and equitable in all the circumstances to do so, increase any award it makes to the employee by no more than 25%.
- (3) If, in the case of proceedings to which this section applies, it appears to the employment tribunal that—
- (a) the claim to which the proceedings relate concerns a matter to which a relevant Code of Practice applies,
- (b) the employee has failed to comply with that Code in relation to that matter, and
- (c) that failure was unreasonable,
the employment tribunal may, if it considers it just and equitable in all the circumstances to do so, reduce any award it makes to the employee by no more than 25%.
- (4) In subsections (2) and (3), “*relevant Code of Practice*” means a Code of Practice issued under this Chapter which relates exclusively or primarily to procedure for the resolution of disputes.
- (5) Where an award falls to be adjusted under this section and under section 38 of the Employment Act 2002, the adjustment under this section shall be made before the adjustment under that section.
- (6) The Secretary of State may by order amend Schedule A2 for the purpose of—
- (a) adding a jurisdiction to the list in that Schedule, or
- (b) removing a jurisdiction from that list.
- (7) The power of the Secretary of State to make an order under subsection (6) includes power to make such incidental, supplementary, consequential or transitional provision as the Secretary of State thinks fit.
- (8) An order under subsection (6) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (9) No order shall be made under subsection (6) unless a draft of the statutory instrument containing it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House.
##### 210A
- (1) This section applies where ACAS is exercising its functions under section 210 with a view to bringing about a settlement of a recognition dispute.
- (2) The parties to the recognition dispute may jointly request ACAS or a person nominated by ACAS to do either or both of the following—
- (a) hold a ballot of the workers involved in the dispute;
- (b) ascertain the union membership of the workers involved in the dispute.
- (3) In the following provisions of this section references to ACAS include references to a person nominated by ACAS; and anything done by such a person under this section shall be regarded as done in the exercise of the functions of ACAS mentioned in subsection (1).
- (4) At any time after ACAS has received a request under subsection (2), it may require any party to the recognition dispute—
- (a) to supply ACAS with specified information concerning the workers involved in the dispute, and
- (b) to do so within such period as it may specify.
- (5) ACAS may impose a requirement under subsection (4) only if it considers that it is necessary to do so—
- (a) for the exercise of the functions mentioned in subsection (1); and
- (b) in order to enable or assist it to comply with the request.
- (6) The recipient of a requirement under this section must, within the specified period, supply ACAS with such of the specified information as is in the recipient’s possession.
- (7) A request under subsection (2) may be withdrawn by any party to the recognition dispute at any time and, if it is withdrawn, ACAS shall take no further steps to hold the ballot or to ascertain the union membership of the workers involved in the dispute.
- (8) If a party to a recognition dispute fails to comply with subsection (6), ACAS shall take no further steps to hold the ballot or to ascertain the union membership of the workers involved in the dispute.
- (9) Nothing in this section requires ACAS to comply with a request under subsection (2).
- (10) In this section—
- “*party*”, in relation to a recognition dispute, means each of the employers, employers' associations and trade unions involved in the dispute;
- “*a recognition dispute*” means a trade dispute between employers and workers which is connected wholly or partly with the recognition by employers or employers' associations of the right of a trade union to represent workers in negotiations, consultations or other procedures relating to any of the matters mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (f) of section 218(1);
- “*specified*” means specified in a requirement under this section; and
- “*workers*” has the meaning given in section 218(5).
##### 212A
- (1) ACAS may prepare a scheme providing for arbitration in the case of disputes involving proceedings, or claims which could be the subject of proceedings, before an employment tribunal under, or arising out of a contravention or alleged contravention of—
- (za) section 80G(1) or 80H(1)(b) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (flexible working),
- (a) Part X of that Act (unfair dismissal), or
- (b) any enactment specified in an order made by the Secretary of State.
- (2) When ACAS has prepared such a scheme it shall submit a draft of the scheme to the Secretary of State who, if he approves it, shall make an order—
- (a) setting out the scheme, and
- (b) making provision for it to come into effect.
- (3) ACAS may from time to time prepare a revised version of such a scheme and, when it has done so, shall submit a draft of the revised scheme to the Secretary of State who, if he approves it, shall make an order—
- (a) setting out the revised scheme, and
- (b) making provision for it to come into effect.
- (4) ACAS may take any steps appropriate for promoting awareness of a scheme prepared under this section.
- (5) Where the parties to any dispute within subsection (1) agree in writing to submit the dispute to arbitration in accordance with a scheme having effect by virtue of an order under this section, ACAS shall refer the dispute to the arbitration of a person appointed by ACAS for the purpose (not being an officer or employee of ACAS).
- (6) Nothing in the Arbitration Act 1996 shall apply to an arbitration conducted in accordance with a scheme having effect by virtue of an order under this section except to the extent that the order provides for any provision of Part I of that Act so to apply; and the order may provide for any such provision so to apply subject to modifications.
- (7) A scheme set out in an order under this section may, in relation to an arbitration conducted in accordance with the law of Scotland, make provision—
- (a) that a reference on a preliminary point may be made, or
- (b) conferring a right of appeal which shall lie,
to the relevant court on such grounds and in respect of such matters as may be specified in the scheme; and in this subsection “*relevant court*” means such court, being the Court of Session or the Employment Appeal Tribunal, as may be specified in the scheme, and a different court may be specified as regards different grounds or matters.
- (8) Where a scheme set out in an order under this section includes provision for the making of re-employment orders in arbitrations conducted in accordance with the scheme, the order setting out the scheme may require employment tribunals to enforce such orders—
- (a) in accordance with section 117 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (enforcement by award of compensation), or
- (b) in accordance with that section as modified by the order.
For this purpose “*re-employment orders*” means orders requiring that persons found to have been unfairly dismissed be reinstated, re-engaged or otherwise re-employed.
- (9) An order under this section setting out a scheme may provide that, in the case of disputes within subsection (1)(a), such part of an award made in accordance with the scheme as is specified by the order shall be treated as a basic award of compensation for unfair dismissal for the purposes of section 184(1)(d) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (which specifies such an award as a debt which the Secretary of State must satisfy if the employer has become insolvent).
- (10) An order under this section shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (11) No order shall be made under subsection (1)(b) unless a draft of the statutory instrument containing it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House.
- (12) A statutory instrument containing an order under this section (other than one of which a draft has been approved by resolution of each House of Parliament) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
##### 212B
ACAS may, in accordance with any dismissal procedures agreement (within the meaning of the Employment Rights Act 1996), refer any matter to the arbitration of a person appointed by ACAS for the purpose (not being an officer or employee of ACAS).
##### 226A
- (1) The trade union must take such steps as are reasonably necessary to ensure that—
- (a) not later than the seventh day before the opening day of the ballot, the notice specified in subsection (2), and
- (b) not later than the third day before the opening day of the ballot, the sample voting paper specified in subsection (3),
is received by every person who it is reasonable for the union to believe (at the latest time when steps could be taken to comply with paragraph (a)) will be the employer of persons who will be entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (2) The notice referred to in paragraph (a) of subsection (1) is a notice in writing—
- (a) stating that the union intends to hold the ballot,
- (b) specifying the date which the union reasonably believes will be the opening day of the ballot, and
- (c) containing such information in the union’s possession as would help the employer to make plans and bring information to the attention of those of his employees who it is reasonable for the union to believe (at the time when the steps to comply with that paragraph are taken) will be entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (3) The sample voting paper referred to in paragraph (b) of subsection (1) is—
- (a) a sample of the form of voting paper which is to be sent to the employees who it is reasonable for the trade union to believe (at the time when the steps to comply with paragraph (a) of that subsection are taken) will be entitled to vote in the ballot, or
- (b) where they are not all to be sent the same form of voting paper, a sample of each form of voting paper which is to be sent to any of them.
- (3A) These rules apply for the purposes of paragraph (c) of subsection (2)—
- (a) if the union possesses information as to the number, category or work-place of the employees concerned, a notice must contain that information (at least);
- (b) if a notice does not name any employees, that fact shall not be a ground for holding that it does not comply with paragraph (c) of subsection (2).
- (3B) In subsection (3) references to employees are to employees of the employer concerned.
- (4) In this section references to the opening day of the ballot are references to the first day when a voting paper is sent to any person entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (5) This section, in its application to a ballot in which merchant seamen to whom section 230(2A) applies are entitled to vote, shall have effect with the substitution in subsection (3), for references to the voting paper which is to be sent to the employees, of references to the voting paper which is to be sent or otherwise provided to them.
##### 226B
- (1) The trade union shall, before the ballot in respect of the industrial action is held, appoint a qualified person (“*the scrutineer*”) whose terms of appointment shall require him to carry out in relation to the ballot the functions of—
- (a) taking such steps as appear to him to be appropriate for the purpose of enabling him to make a report to the trade union (see section 231B); and
- (b) making the report as soon as reasonably practicable after the date of the ballot and, in any event, not later than the end of the period of four weeks beginning with that date.
- (2) A person is a qualified person in relation to a ballot if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of this section by order of the Secretary of State or is himself so specified; and
- (b) the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
- (b) the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out the functions conferred on him under subsection (1) otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
An order under paragraph (a) shall be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
- (3) The scrutineer’s appointment shall require him—
- (a) to be the person who supervises the production of the voting papers and (unless he is appointed under section 100D to undertake the distribution of the voting papers) their distribution and to whom the voting papers are returned by those voting;
- (b) to—
- (i) inspect the register of names and addresses of the members of the trade union, or
- (ii) examine the copy of the register as at the relevant date which is supplied to him in accordance with subsection (9)(a),
whenever it appears to him appropriate to do so and, in particular, when the conditions specified in subsection (4) are satisfied;
- (c) to take such steps as appear to him to be appropriate for the purpose of enabling him to make his report (see section 100E);
- (d) to make his report to the trade union as soon as reasonably practicable after the last date for the return of voting papers; and
- (e) to retain custody of all voting papers returned for the purposes of the ballot and the copy of the register supplied to him in accordance with subsection (9)(a)—
- (i) until the end of the period of one year beginning with the announcement by the union of the result of the ballot; and
- (ii) if within that period a complaint is made under section 103 (complaint as regards passing of resolution), until the Certification Officer or Employment Appeal Tribunal authorises him to dispose of the papers or copy.
- (4) The conditions referred to in subsection (3)(b) are—
- (a) that a request that the scrutineer inspect the register or examine the copy is made to him during the appropriate period by a member of the trade union who suspects that the register is not, or at the relevant date was not, accurate and up-to-date, and
- (b) that the scrutineer does not consider that the member’s suspicion is ill-founded.
- (5) In subsection (4) “*the appropriate period*” means the period—
- (a) beginning with the day on which the scrutineer is appointed, and
- (b) ending with the day before the day on which the scrutineer makes his report to the trade union.
- (6) The duty of confidentiality as respects the register is incorporated in the scrutineer’s appointment.
- (7) The trade union shall ensure that nothing in the terms of the scrutineer’s appointment (including any additional functions specified in the appointment) is such as to make it reasonable for any person to call the scrutineer’s independence in relation to the union into question.
- (8) The trade union shall, before the scrutineer begins to carry out his functions, either—
- (a) send a notice stating the name of the scrutineer to every member of the union to whom it is reasonably practicable to send such a notice, or
- (b) take all such other steps for notifying members of the name of the scrutineer as it is the practice of the union to take when matters of general interest to all its members need to be brought to their attention.
- (9) The trade union shall—
- (a) supply to the scrutineer as soon as is reasonably practicable after the relevant date a copy of the register of names and addresses of its members as at that date, and
- (b) comply with any request made by the scrutineer to inspect the register.
- (10) Where the register is kept by means of a computer the duty imposed on the trade union by subsection (9)(a) is either to supply a legible printed copy or (if the scrutineer prefers) to supply a copy of the computer data and allow the scrutineer use of the computer to read it at any time during the period when he is required to retain custody of the copy.
- (11) The trade union shall ensure that the scrutineer duly carries out his functions and that there is no interference with his carrying out of those functions which would make it reasonable for any person to call the scrutineer’s independence in relation to the union into question.
- (12) The trade union shall comply with all reasonable requests made by the scrutineer for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of his functions.
- (13) In this section “*the relevant date*” means—
- (a) where the trade union has rules determining who is entitled to vote in the ballot by reference to membership on a particular date, that date, and
- (b) otherwise, the date, or the last date, on which voting papers are distributed for the purposes of the ballot.
#### Entitlement to vote.
##### 100B
Entitlement to vote in the ballot shall be accorded equally to all members of the trade union.
#### Voting.
##### 100C
- (1) The method of voting must be by the marking of a voting paper by the person voting.
- (2) Each voting paper must—
- (a) state the name of the independent scrutineer and clearly specify the address to which, and the date by which, it is to be returned, and
- (b) be given one of a series of consecutive whole numbers every one of which is used in giving a different number in that series to each voting paper printed or otherwise produced for the purposes of the ballot, and
- (c) be marked with its number.
- (3) Every person who is entitled to vote in the ballot must—
- (a) be allowed to vote without interference or constraint, and
- (b) so far as is reasonably practicable, be enabled to do so without incurring any direct cost to himself.
- (4) So far as is reasonably practicable, every person who is entitled to vote in the ballot must—
- (a) have a voting paper sent to him by post at his home address or another address which he has requested the trade union in writing to treat as his postal address, and
- (b) be given a convenient opportunity to vote by post.
- (5) No voting paper which is sent to a person for voting shall have enclosed with it any other document except—
- (a) the notice which, under section 99(1), is to accompany the voting paper,
- (b) an addressed envelope, and
- (c) a document containing instructions for the return of the voting paper,
without any other statement.
- (6) The ballot shall be conducted so as to secure that—
- (a) so far as is reasonably practicable, those voting do so in secret, and
- (b) the votes given in the ballot are fairly and accurately counted.
For the purposes of paragraph (b) an inaccuracy in counting shall be disregarded if it is accidental and on a scale which could not affect the result of the ballot.
#### Counting of votes etc. by independent person.
##### 100D
- (1) The trade union shall ensure that—
- (a) the storage and distribution of the voting papers for the purposes of the ballot, and
- (b) the counting of the votes cast in the ballot,
are undertaken by one or more independent persons appointed by the trade union.
- (2) A person is an independent person in relation to a ballot if—
- (a) he is the scrutineer, or
- (b) he is a person other than the scrutineer and the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
- (3) An appointment under this section shall require the person appointed to carry out his functions so as to minimise the risk of any contravention of requirements imposed by or under any enactment or the occurrence of any unfairness or malpractice.
- (4) The duty of confidentiality as respects the register is incorporated in the scrutineer’s appointment.
- (5) Where the person appointed to undertake the counting of votes is not the scrutineer, his appointment shall require him to send the voting papers back to the scrutineer as soon as reasonably practicable after the counting has been completed.
- (6) The trade union—
- (a) shall ensure that nothing in the terms of an appointment under this section is such as to make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union,
- (b) shall ensure that a person appointed under this section duly carries out his functions and that there is no interference with his carrying out of those functions which would make it reasonable for any person to call into question the independence of the person appointed in relation to the union, and
- (c) shall comply with all reasonable requests made by a person appointed under this section for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of his functions.
#### Scrutineer’s report.
##### 100E
- (1) The scrutineer’s report on the ballot shall state—
- (a) the number of voting papers distributed for the purposes of the ballot,
- (b) the number of voting papers returned to the scrutineer,
- (c) the number of valid votes cast in the ballot for and against the resolution,
- (d) the number of spoiled or otherwise invalid voting papers returned, and
- (e) the name of the person (or of each of the persons) appointed under section 100D or, if no person was so appointed, that fact.
- (2) The report shall also state whether the scrutineer is satisfied—
- (3) The trade union shall ensure that the scrutineer duly carries out the functions conferred on him under subsection (1) and that there is no interference with the carrying out of those functions from the union or any of its members, officials or employees.
- (4) The trade union shall comply with all reasonable requests made by the scrutineer for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of those functions.
##### 226C
Nothing in section 226B, section 229(1A)(a) or section 231B shall impose a requirement on a trade union unless—
- (a) the number of members entitled to vote in the ballot, or
- (b) where separate workplace ballots are held in accordance with section 228(1), the aggregate of the number of members entitled to vote in each of them,
exceeds 50.
##### 228A
- (1) Where section 228(3) would require separate ballots to be held for each workplace, a ballot may be held in place of some or all of the separate ballots if one of subsections (2) to (4) is satisfied in relation to it.
- (2) This subsection is satisfied in relation to a ballot if the workplace of each member entitled to vote in the ballot is the workplace of at least one member of the union who is affected by the dispute.
- (3) This subsection is satisfied in relation to a ballot if entitlement to vote is accorded to, and limited to, all the members of the union who—
- (a) according to the union’s reasonable belief have an occupation of a particular kind or have any of a number of particular kinds of occupation, and
- (b) are employed by a particular employer, or by any of a number of particular employers, with whom the union is in dispute.
- (4) This subsection is satisfied in relation to a ballot if entitlement to vote is accorded to, and limited to, all the members of the union who are employed by a particular employer, or by any of a number of particular employers, with whom the union is in dispute.
- (5) For the purposes of subsection (2) the following are members of the union affected by a dispute—
- (a) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a decision which the union reasonably believes the employer has made or will make concerning a matter specified in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c) of section 244 (meaning of “*trade dispute*”), members whom the decision directly affects,
- (b) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a matter specified in subsection (1)(d) of that section, members whom the matter directly affects,
- (c) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a matter specified in subsection (1)(e) of that section, persons whose membership or non-membership is in dispute,
- (d) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a matter specified in subsection (1)(f) of that section, officials of the union who have used or would use the facilities concerned in the dispute.
##### 231A
- (1) As soon as reasonably practicable after the holding of the ballot, the trade union shall take such steps as are reasonably necessary to ensure that every relevant employer is informed of the matters mentioned in section 231.
- (2) In subsection (1) “*relevant employer*” means a person who it is reasonable for the trade union to believe (at the time when the steps are taken) was at the time of the ballot the employer of any persons entitled to vote.
##### 231B
- (1) The scrutineer’s report on the ballot shall state whether the scrutineer is satisfied—
- (a) that there are no reasonable grounds for believing that there was any contravention of a requirement imposed by or under any enactment in relation to the ballot,
- (b) that the arrangements made (whether by him or any other person) with respect to the production, storage, distribution, return or other handling of the voting papers used in the ballot, and the arrangements for the counting of the votes, included all such security arrangements as were reasonably practicable for the purpose of minimising the risk that any unfairness or malpractice might occur, and
- (c) that he has been able to carry out his functions without any such interference as would make it reasonable for any person to call his independence in relation to the union into question;
and if he is not satisfied as to any of those matters, the report shall give particulars of his reasons for not being satisfied as to that matter.
- (3) The report shall also state—
- (a) whether the scrutineer—
- (i) has inspected the register of names and addresses of the members of the trade union, or
- (ii) has examined the copy of the register as at the relevant date which is supplied to him in accordance with section 100A(9)(a),
- (b) if he has, whether in the case of each inspection or examination he was acting on a request by a member of the trade union or at his own instance,
- (c) whether he declined to act on any such request, and
- (d) whether any inspection of the register, or any examination of the copy of the register, has revealed any matter which he considers should be drawn to the attention of the trade union in order to assist it in securing that the register is accurate and up-to-date,
but shall not state the name of any member who has requested such an inspection or examination.
- (4) Where one or more persons other than the scrutineer are appointed under section 100D, the statement included in the scrutineer’s report in accordance with subsection (2)(b) shall also indicate—
- (a) whether he is satisfied with the performance of the person, or each of the persons, so appointed, and
- (b) if he is not satisfied with the performance of the person, or any of them, particulars of his reasons for not being so satisfied.
- (5) The trade union shall not publish the result of the ballot until it has received the scrutineer’s report.
- (6) The trade union shall within the period of three months after it receives the report—
- (a) send a copy of the report to every member of the union to whom it is reasonably practicable to send such a copy; or
- (b) take all such other steps for notifying the contents of the report to the members of the union (whether by publishing the report or otherwise) as it is the practice of the union to take when matters of general interest to all its members need to be brought to their attention.
- (7) Any such copy or notification shall be accompanied by a statement that the union will, on request, supply any member of the trade union with a copy of the report, either free of charge or on payment of such reasonable fee as may be specified in the notification.
- (8) The trade union shall so supply any member of the union who makes such a request and pays the fee (if any) notified to him.
#### Listing and certification after amalgamation
##### 101A
- (1) Subsection (2) applies if when an instrument of amalgamation is registered by the Certification Officer under this Chapter each of the amalgamating unions is entered in the list of trade unions.
- (2) The Certification Officer shall—
- (a) enter, with effect from the amalgamation date, the name of the amalgamated union in the list of trade unions, and
- (b) remove, with effect from that date, the names of the amalgamating unions from that list.
- (3) Subsection (4) applies if when an instrument of amalgamation is registered by the Certification Officer under this Chapter each of the amalgamating unions has a certificate of independence which is in force.
- (4) The Certification Officer shall issue to the amalgamated trade union, with effect from the amalgamation date, a certificate that the union is independent.
- (5) In this section “*the amalgamation date*” means the date on which the instrument of amalgamation takes effect.
##### 101B
- (1) If an instrument of amalgamation is registered under this Chapter by the Certification Officer and the amalgamated union is entered in the list of trade unions in accordance with section 101A, that union shall send to him, in such manner and form as he may require—
- (a) a copy of the rules of the union,
- (b) a list of its officers, and
- (c) the address of its head or main office.
- (2) The information required to be sent under subsection (1) must be accompanied by any fee prescribed for the purpose under section 108.
- (3) The information must be sent—
- (a) before the end of the period of six weeks beginning with the date on which the instrument of amalgamation takes effect, or
- (b) if the Certification Officer considers that it is not reasonably practicable for the amalgamated union to send it in that period, before the end of such longer period, beginning with that date, as he may specify to the amalgamated union.
- (4) If any of subsections (1) to (3) are not complied with by the amalgamated union, the Certification Officer shall remove its name from the list of trade unions.
### CHAPTER VIIA — BREACH OF RULES
#### Declarations and orders.
##### 108A
- (1) A person who claims that there has been a breach or threatened breach of the rules of a trade union relating to any of the matters mentioned in subsection (2) may apply to the Certification Officer for a declaration to that effect, subject to subsections (3) to (7).
- (b) that the arrangements made with respect to the production, storage, distribution, return or other handling of the voting papers used in the ballot, and the arrangements for the counting of the votes, included all such security arrangements as were reasonably practicable for the purpose of minimising the risk that any unfairness or malpractice might occur, and
- (c) that he has been able to carry out the functions conferred on him under section 226B(1) without any interference from the trade union or any of its members, officials or employees;
and if he is not satisfied as to any of those matters, the report shall give particulars of his reason for not being satisfied as to that matter.
- (2) If at any time within six months from the date of the ballot—
- (a) any person entitled to vote in the ballot, or
- (b) the employer of any such person,
requests a copy of the scrutineer’s report, the trade union must, as soon as practicable, provide him with one either free of charge or on payment of such reasonable fee as may be specified by the trade union.
##### 232A
Industrial action shall not be regarded as having the support of a ballot if the following conditions apply in the case of any person—
- (a) he was a member of the trade union at the time when the ballot was held,
- (b) it was reasonable at that time for the trade union to believe he would be induced to take part or, as the case may be, to continue to take part in the industrial action,
- (c) he was not accorded entitlement to vote in the ballot, and
- (d) he was induced by the trade union to take part or, as the case may be, to continue to take part in the industrial action.
##### 232B
- (1) If—
- (a) in relation to a ballot there is a failure (or there are failures) to comply with a provision mentioned in subsection (2) or with more than one of those provisions, and
- (b) the failure is accidental and on a scale which is unlikely to affect the result of the ballot or, as the case may be, the failures are accidental and taken together are on a scale which is unlikely to affect the result of the ballot,
the failure (or failures) shall be disregarded for all purposes (including, in particular, those of section 232A(c)).
- (2) The provisions are section 227(1), section 230(2) and section 230(2B).
### Requirement on trade union to give notice of industrial action
#### Inducements relating to collective bargaining
##### 234A
- (1) An act done by a trade union to induce a person to take part, or continue to take part, in industrial action is not protected as respects his employer unless the union has taken or takes such steps as are reasonably necessary to ensure that the employer receives within the appropriate period a relevant notice covering the act.
- (2) Subsection (1) imposes a requirement in the case of an employer only if it is reasonable for the union to believe, at the latest time when steps could be taken to ensure that he receives such a notice, that he is the employer of persons who will be or have been induced to take part, or continue to take part, in the industrial action.
- (3) For the purposes of this section a relevant notice is a notice in writing which—
- (a) contains such information in the union’s possession as would help the employer to make plans and bring information to the attention of those of his employees whomthe union intends to induce or has induced to take part, or continue to take part, in the industrial action (“*the affected employees*”),
- (b) states whether industrial action is intended to be continuous or discontinuous and specifies—
- (i) where it is to be continuous, the intended date for any of the affected employees to begin to take part in the action,
- (ii) where it is to be discontinuous, the intended dates for any of the affected employees to take part in the action, and
- (c) states that it is given for the purposes of this section.
- (4) For the purposes of subsection (1) the appropriate period is the period—
- (a) beginning with the day when the union satisfies the requirement of section 231A in relation to the ballot in respect of the industrial action, and
- (b) ending with the seventh day before the day, or before the first of the days, specified in the relevant notice.
- (5) For the purposes of subsection (1) a relevant notice covers an act done by the union if the person induced is one of the affected employees and—
- (a) where he is induced to take part or continue to take part in industrial action which the union intends to be continuous, if—
- (i) the notice states that the union intends the industrial action to be continuous, and
- (ii) there is no participation by him in the industrial action before the date specified in the notice in consequence of any inducement by the union not covered by a relevant notice; and
- (b) where he is induced to take part or continue to take part in industrial action which the union intends to be discontinuous, if there is no participation by him in the industrial action on a day not so specified in consequence of any inducement by the union not covered by a relevant notice.
- (5A) These rules apply for the purposes of paragraph (a) of subsection (3)—
- (a) if the union possesses information as to the number, category or work-place of the employees concerned, a notice must contain that information (at least);
- (b) if a notice does not name any employees, that fact shall not be a ground for holding that it does not comply with paragraph (a) of subsection (3).
- (6) For the purposes of this section—
- (a) a union intends industrial action to be discontinuous if it intends it to take place only on some days on which there is an opportunity to take the action, and
- (b) a union intends industrial action to be continuous if it intends it to be not so restricted.
- (7) Subject to subsections (7A) and (7B),Where—
- (a) continuous industrial action which has been authorised or endorsed by a union ceases to be so authorised or endorsed otherwise than to enable the union to comply with a court order or an undertaking given to a court, and
- (b) the industrial action has at a later date again been authorised or endorsed by the union (whether as continuous or discontinuous action),
no relevant notice covering acts done to induce persons to take part in the earlier action shall operate to cover acts done to induce persons to take part in the action authorised or endorsed at the later date and this section shall apply in relation to an act to induce a person to take part, or continue to take part, in the industrial action after that date as if the references in subsection (3)(b)(i) to the industrial action were to the industrial action taking place after that date.
- (7A) Subsection (7) shall not apply where industrial action ceases to be authorised or endorsed in order to enable the union to comply with a court order or an undertaking given to a court.
- (7B) Subsection (7) shall not apply where—
- (a) a union agrees with an employer, before industrial action ceases to be authorised or endorsed, that it will cease to be authorised or endorsed with effect from a date specified in the agreement (“the suspension date") and that it may again be authorised or endorsed with effect from a date not earlier than a date specified in the agreement (“the resumption date"),
- (b) the action ceases to be authorised or endorsed with effect from the suspension date, and
- (c) the action is again authorised or endorsed with effect from a date which is not earlier than the resumption date or such later date as may be agreed between the union and the employer.
- (8) The requirement imposed on a trade union by subsection (1) shall be treated as having been complied with if the steps were taken by other relevant persons or committees whose acts were authorised or endorsed by the union and references to the belief or intention of the union in subsection (2) or, as the case may be, subsections (3), (5) and (6) shall be construed as references to the belief or the intention of the person or committee taking the steps.
- (9) The provisions of section 20(2) to (4) apply for the purpose of determining for the purposes of subsection (1) who are relevant persons or committees and whether the trade union is to be taken to have authorised or endorsed the steps the person or committee took and for the purposes of subsections (7) to (7B) whether the trade union is to be taken to have authorised or endorsed the industrial action.
#### Inducements relating to collective bargaining
### Industrial action affecting supply of goods or services to an individual
##### 235A
- (1) Where an individual claims that—
- (a) any trade union or other person has done, or is likely to do, an unlawful act to induce any person to take part, or to continue to take part, in industrial action, and
- (b) an effect, or a likely effect, of the industrial action is or will be to—
- (i) prevent or delay the supply of goods or services, or
- (ii) reduce the quality of goods or services supplied,
to the individual making the claim,
he may apply to the High Court or the Court of Session for an order under this section.
- (2) For the purposes of this section an act to induce any person to take part, or to continue to take part, in industrial action is unlawful—
- (a) if it is actionable in tort by any one or more persons, or
- (b) (where it is or would be the act of a trade union) if it could form the basis of an application by a member under section 62.
- (3) In determining whether an individual may make an application under this section it is immaterial whether or not the individual is entitled to be supplied with the goods or services in question.
- (4) Where on an application under this section the court is satisfied that the claim is well-founded, it shall make such order as it considers appropriate for requiring the person by whom the act of inducement has been, or is likely to be, done to take steps for ensuring—
- (a) that no, or no further, act is done by him to induce any persons to take part or to continue to take part in the industrial action, and
- (b) that no person engages in conduct after the making of the order by virtue of having been induced by him before the making of the order to take part or continue to take part in the industrial action.
- (5) Without prejudice to any other power of the court, the court may on an application under this section grant such interlocutory relief (in Scotland, such interim order) as it considers appropriate.
- (6) For the purposes of this section an act of inducement shall be taken to be done by a trade union if it is authorised or endorsed by the union; and the provisions of section 20(2) to (4) apply for the purposes of determining whether such an act is to be taken to be so authorised or endorsed.
Those provisions also apply in relation to proceedings for failure to comply with an order under this section as they apply in relation to the original proceedings.
##### 235B
##### 235C
##### 238A
- (1) For the purposes of this section an employee takes protected industrial action if he commits an act which, or a series of acts each of which, he is induced to commit by an act which by virtue of section 219 is not actionable in tort.
- (2) An employee who is dismissed shall be regarded for the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) as unfairly dismissed if—
- (a) the reason (or, if more than one, the principal reason) for the dismissal is that the employee took protected industrial action, and
- (b) subsection (3), (4) or (5) applies to the dismissal.
- (3) This subsection applies to a dismissal if the date of the dismissal iswithin the protected period.
- (4) This subsection applies to a dismissal if—
- (a) the date of the dismissal is after the end of that period, and
- (b) the employee had stopped taking protected industrial action before the end of that period.
- (5) This subsection applies to a dismissal if—
- (a) the date of the dismissal is after the end of that period,
- (b) the employee had not stopped taking protected industrial action before the end of that period, and
- (c) the employer had not taken such procedural steps as would have been reasonable for the purposes of resolving the dispute to which the protected industrial action relates.
- (6) In determining whether an employer has taken those steps regard shall be had, in particular, to—
- (a) whether the employer or a union had complied with procedures established by any applicable collective or other agreement;
- (b) whether the employer or a union offered or agreed to commence or resume negotiations after the start of the protected industrial action;
- (c) whether the employer or a union unreasonably refused, after the start of the protected industrial action, a request that conciliation services be used;
- (d) whether the employer or a union unreasonably refused, after the start of the protected industrial action, a request that mediation services be used in relation to procedures to be adopted for the purposes of resolving the dispute.
- (e) where there was agreement to use either of the services mentioned in paragraphs (c) and (d), the matters specified in section 238B.
- (7) In determining whether an employer has taken those steps no regard shall be had to the merits of the dispute.
- (7A) For the purposes of this section “*the protected period*”, in relation to the dismissal of an employee, is the sum of the basic period and any extension period in relation to that employee.
- (7B) The basic period is twelve weeks beginning with the first day of protected industrial action.
- (7C) An extension period in relation to an employee is a period equal to the number of days falling on or after the first day of protected industrial action (but before the protected period ends) during the whole or any part of which the employee is locked out by his employer.
- (7D) In subsections (7B) and (7C), the “*first day of protected industrial action*” means the day on which the employee starts to take protected industrial action (even if on that day he is locked out by his employer).
- (8) For the purposes of this section no account shall be taken of the repudiation of any act by a trade union as mentioned in section 21 in relation to anything which occurs before the end of the next working day (within the meaning of section 237) after the day on which the repudiation takes place.
- (9) In this section “*date of dismissal*” has the meaning given by section 238(5).
##### 238B
- (1) The matters referred to in subsection (6)(e) of section 238A are those specified in subsections (2) to (5); and references in this section to “the service provider” are to any person who provided a service mentioned in subsection (6)(c) or (d) of that section.
- (2) The first matter is: whether, at meetings arranged by the service provider, the employer or, as the case may be, a union was represented by an appropriate person.
- (3) The second matter is: whether the employer or a union, so far as requested to do so, co-operated in the making of arrangements for meetings to be held with the service provider.
- (4) The third matter is: whether the employer or a union fulfilled any commitment given by it during the provision of the service to take particular action.
- (5) The fourth matter is: whether, at meetings arranged by the service provider between the parties making use of the service, the representatives of the employer or a union answered any reasonable question put to them concerning the matter subject to conciliation or mediation.
- (6) For the purposes of subsection (2) an “appropriate person” is—
- (a) in relation to the employer—
- (i) a person with the authority to settle the matter subject to conciliation or mediation on behalf of the employer, or
- (ii) a person authorised by a person of that type to make recommendations to him with regard to the settlement of that matter, and
- (b) in relation to a union, a person who is responsible for handling on the union’s behalf the matter subject to conciliation or mediation.
- (7) For the purposes of subsection (4) regard may be had to any timetable which was agreed for the taking of the action in question or, if no timetable was agreed, to how long it was before the action was taken.
- (8) In any proceedings in which regard must be had to the matters referred to in section 238A(6)(e)—
- (a) notes taken by or on behalf of the service provider shall not be admissible in evidence;
- (b) the service provider must refuse to give evidence as to anything communicated to him in connection with the performance of his functions as a conciliator or mediator if, in his opinion, to give the evidence would involve his making a damaging disclosure; and
- (c) the service provider may refuse to give evidence as to whether, for the purposes of subsection (5), a particular question was or was not a reasonable one.
- (9) For the purposes of subsection (8)(b) a “damaging disclosure” is —
- (a) a disclosure of information which is commercially sensitive, or
- (b) a disclosure of information that has not previously been disclosed which relates to a position taken by a party using the conciliation or mediation service on the settlement of the matter subject to conciliation or mediation,
to which the person who communicated the information to the service provider has not consented.
#### Remedies.
##### 251A
- (1) ACAS may, in any case in which it thinks it appropriate to do so, but subject to any directions under subsection (2) below, charge a fee for exercising a function in relation to any person.
- (2) The Secretary of State may direct ACAS to charge fees, in accordance with the direction, for exercising any function specified in the direction, but the Secretary of State shall not give a direction under this subsection without consulting ACAS.
- (3) A direction under subsection (2) above may require ACAS to charge fees in respect of the exercise of a function only in specified descriptions of case.
- (4) A direction under subsection (2) above shall specify whether fees are to be charged in respect of the exercise of any specified function—
- (a) at the full economic cost level, or
- (b) at a level less than the full economic cost but not less than a specified proportion or percentage of the full economic cost.
- (5) Where a direction requires fees to be charged at the full economic cost level ACAS shall fix the fee for the case at an amount estimated to be sufficient to cover the administrative costs of ACAS of exercising the function including an appropriate sum in respect of general staff costs and overheads.
- (6) Where a direction requires fees to be charged at a level less than the full economic cost ACAS shall fix the fee for the case at such amount, not being less than the proportion or percentage of the full economic cost specified under subsection (4)(b) above, as it thinks appropriate (computing that cost in the same way as under subsection (5) above).
- (7) No liability to pay a fee charged under this section shall arise on the part of any person unless ACAS has notified that person that a fee may or will be charged.
- (8) For the purposes of this section—
- (a) a function is exercised in relation to a person who avails himself of the benefit of its exercise, whether or not he requested its exercise and whether the function is such as to be exercisable in relation to particular persons only or in relation to persons generally; and
- (b) where a function is exercised in relation to two or more persons the fee chargeable for its exercise shall be apportioned among them as ACAS thinks appropriate.
##### 256ZA
- (1) At any stage of proceedings on an application or complaint made to the Certification Officer, he may—
- (a) order the application or complaint, or any response, to be struck out on the grounds that it is scandalous, vexatious, has no reasonable prospect of success or is otherwise misconceived,
- (b) order anything in the application or complaint, or in any response, to be amended or struck out on those grounds, or
- (c) order the application or complaint, or any response, to be struck out on the grounds that the manner in which the proceedings have been conducted by or on behalf of the applicant or complainant or (as the case may be) respondent has been scandalous, vexatious, or unreasonable.
- (2) The Certification Officer may order an application or complaint made to him to be struck out for excessive delay in proceeding with it.
- (3) An order under this section may be made on the Certification Officer’s own initiative and may also be made—
- (a) if the order sought is to strike out an application or complaint, or to amend or strike out anything in an application or complaint, on an application by the respondent, or
- (b) if the order sought is to strike out any response, or to amend or strike out anything in any response, on an application by the person who made the application or complaint mentioned in subsection (1).
- (4) Before making an order under this section, the Certification Officer shall send notice to the party against whom it is proposed that the order should be made giving him an opportunity to show cause why the order should not be made.
- (5) Subsection (4) shall not be taken to require the Certification Officer to send a notice under that subsection if the party against whom it is proposed that the order under this section should be made has been given an opportunity to show cause orally why the order should not be made.
- (6) Nothing in this section prevents the Certification Officer from making further provision under section 256(1) about the striking out of proceedings on any application or complaint made to him.
- (7) An appeal lies to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any question of law arising from a decision of the Certification Officer under this section.
- (8) In this section—
- “*response*” means any response made by a trade union or other body in the exercise of a right to be heard, or to make representations, in response to the application or complaint;
- “*respondent*” means any trade union, or other body, that has such a right.
##### 256A
- (1) The Certification Officer may refuse to entertain any application or complaint made to him under a provision of Chapters III to VIIA of Part I by a vexatious litigant.
- (2) The Certification Officer must give reasons for such a refusal.
- (3) Subsection (1) does not apply to a complaint under section 37E(1)(b) or to an application under section 41.
- (4) For the purposes of subsection (1) a vexatious litigant is a person who is the subject of—
- (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (b) a civil proceedings order or an all proceedings order which is made under section 42(1) of the Supreme Court Act 1981 and which remains in force,
- (c) an order which is made under section 1 of the Vexatious Actions (Scotland) Act 1898, or
- (d) an order which is made under section 32 of the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.
##### 256B
- (1) For the purposes of a relevant enactment an application to the Certification Officer shall be disregarded if—
- (a) it was made under a provision mentioned in the relevant enactment, and
- (b) it was refused by the Certification Officer under section 256A(1).
- (2) The relevant enactments are sections 26(8), 31(7), 45C(5B), 56(8), 72A(10), 81(8) and 108A(13).
##### 263A
- (1) For the purpose of discharging its functions under Schedule A1 in any particular case, the Central Arbitration Committee shall consist of a panel established under this section.
- (2) The chairman of the Committee shall establish a panel or panels, and a panel shall consist of these three persons appointed by him—
- (a) the chairman or a deputy chairman of the Committee, who shall be chairman of the panel;
- (b) a member of the Committee whose experience is as a representative of employers;
- (c) a member of the Committee whose experience is as a representative of workers.
- (3) The chairman of the Committee shall decide which panel is to deal with a particular case.
- (4) A panel may at the discretion of its chairman sit in private where it appears expedient to do so.
- (5) If—
- (a) a panel cannot reach a unanimous decision on a question arising before it, and
- (b) a majority of the panel have the same opinion,
the question shall be decided according to that opinion.
- (6) If—
- (a) a panel cannot reach a unanimous decision on a question arising before it, and
- (b) a majority of the panel do not have the same opinion,
the chairman of the panel shall decide the question acting with the full powers of an umpire or, in Scotland, an oversman.
- (7) Subject to the above provisions, a panel shall determine its own procedure.
- (8) The reference in subsection (1) to the Committee’s functions under Schedule A1 does not include a reference to its functions under paragraph 166 of that Schedule.
#### Time limit for proceedings.
## SCHEDULE A1
## Part I — Recognition
### Introduction
##### 1
A trade union (or trade unions) seeking recognition to be entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group or groups of workers may make a request in accordance with this Part of this Schedule.
##### 2
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) References to the bargaining unit are to the group of workers concerned (or the groups taken together).
- (3) References to the proposed bargaining unit are to the bargaining unit proposed in the request for recognition.
- (3A) References to an appropriate bargaining unit’s being decided by the CAC are to a bargaining unit’s being decided by the CAC to be appropriate under paragraph 19(2) or (3) or 19A(2) or (3).
- (4) References to the employer are to the employer of the workers constituting the bargaining unit concerned.
- (5) References to the parties are to the union (or unions) and the employer.
##### 3
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) The meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply.
- (3) References to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to pay, hours and holidays; but this has effect subject to sub-paragraph (4).
- (4) If the parties agree matters as the subject of collective bargaining, references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the agreed matters; and this is the case whether the agreement is made before or after the time when the CAC issues a declaration, or the parties agree, that the union is (or unions are) entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (5) Sub-paragraph (4) does not apply in construing paragraph 31(3).
- (6) Sub-paragraphs (2) to (5) do not apply in construing paragraph 35 or 44.
### Request for recognition
##### 4
- (1) The union or unions seeking recognition must make a request for recognition to the employer.
- (2) Paragraphs 5 to 9 apply to the request.
##### 5
The request is not valid unless it is received by the employer.
##### 6
The request is not valid unless the union (or each of the unions) has a certificate of independence.
##### 7
- (1) The request is not valid unless the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, employs—
- (a) at least 21 workers on the day the employer receives the request, or
- (b) an average of at least 21 workers in the 13 weeks ending with that day.
- (2) To find the average under sub-paragraph (1)(b)—
- (a) take the number of workers employed in each of the 13 weeks (including workers not employed for the whole of the week);
- (b) aggregate the 13 numbers;
- (c) divide the aggregate by 13.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(a) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored unless the day the request was made fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (4) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(b) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored in relation to a week unless the whole or any part of that week fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraphs (3) and (4) a worker who is employed on board a ship registered in the register maintained under section 8 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 shall be treated as ordinarily working in Great Britain unless—
- (a) the ship’s entry in the register specifies a port outside Great Britain as the port to which the vessel is to be treated as belonging,
- (b) the employment is wholly outside Great Britain, or
- (c) the worker is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain.
- (6) The Secretary of State may by order—
- (a) provide that sub-paragraphs (1) to (5) are not to apply, or are not to apply in specified circumstances, or
- (b) vary the number of workers for the time being specified in sub-paragraph (1);
and different provision may be made for different circumstances.
- (7) An order under sub-paragraph (6)—
- (a) shall be made by statutory instrument, and
- (b) may include supplementary, incidental, saving or transitional provisions.
- (8) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 8
The request is not valid unless it—
- (a) is in writing,
- (b) identifies the union or unions and the bargaining unit, and
- (c) states that it is made under this Schedule.
##### 9
The Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument prescribe the form of requests and the procedure for making them; and if he does so the request is not valid unless it complies with the order.
### Parties agree
##### 10
- (1) If before the end of the first period the parties agree a bargaining unit and that the union is (or unions are) to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the unit, no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) If before the end of the first period the employer informs the union (or unions) that the employer does not accept the request but is willing to negotiate, sub-paragraph (3) applies.
- (3) The parties may conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing a bargaining unit and that the union is (or unions are) to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the unit.
- (4) If such an agreement is made before the end of the second period no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) The employer and the union (or unions) may request ACAS to assist in conducting the negotiations.
- (6) The first period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer receives the request for recognition.
- (7) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
### Employer rejects request
##### 11
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) before the end of the first period the employer fails to respond to the request, or
- (b) before the end of the first period the employer informs the union (or unions) that the employer does not accept the request (without indicating a willingness to negotiate).
- (2) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to decide both these questions—
- (a) whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate;
- (b) whether the union has (or unions have) the support of a majority of the workers constituting the appropriate bargaining unit.
### Negotiations fail
##### 12
- (1) Sub-paragraph (2) applies if—
- (a) the employer informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 10(2), and
- (b) no agreement is made before the end of the second period.
- (2) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to decide both these questions—
- (a) whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate;
- (b) whether the union has (or unions have) the support of a majority of the workers constituting the appropriate bargaining unit.
- (3) Sub-paragraph (4) applies if—
- (a) the employer informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 10(2), and
- (b) before the end of the second period the parties agree a bargaining unit but not that the union is (or unions are) to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the unit.
- (4) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to decide the question whether the union has (or unions have) the support of a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit.
- (5) But no application may be made under this paragraph if within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 10(2) the employer proposes that ACAS be requested to assist in conducting the negotiations and—
- (a) the union rejects (or unions reject) the proposal, or
- (b) the union fails (or unions fail) to accept the proposal within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer makes the proposal.
### Acceptance of applications
##### 13
The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
##### 14
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) two or more relevant applications are made,
- (b) at least one worker falling within one of the relevant bargaining units also falls within the other relevant bargaining unit (or units), and
- (c) the CAC has not accepted any of the applications.
- (2) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (3) In relation to a relevant application, the relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
- (4) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide, with regard to each relevant application, whether the 10 per cent test is satisfied.
- (5) The 10 per cent test is satisfied if members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the last relevant application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (7) If the CAC decides that—
- (a) the 10 per cent test is satisfied with regard to more than one of the relevant applications, or
- (b) the 10 per cent test is satisfied with regard to none of the relevant applications,
the CAC must not accept any of the relevant applications.
- (8) If the CAC decides that the 10 per cent test is satisfied with regard to one only of the relevant applications the CAC—
- (a) must proceed under paragraph 15 with regard to that application, and
- (b) must not accept any of the other relevant applications.
- (9) The CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties.
- (10) If by virtue of this paragraph the CAC does not accept an application, no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule in relation to that application.
##### 15
- (1) This paragraph applies to these applications—
- (a) any application with regard to which no decision has to be made under paragraph 14;
- (b) any application with regard to which the CAC must proceed under this paragraph by virtue of paragraph 14.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether—
- (a) the request for recognition to which the application relates is valid within the terms of paragraphs 5 to 9, and
- (b) the application is made in accordance with paragraph 11 or 12 and admissible within the terms of paragraphs 33 to 42.
- (3) In deciding those questions the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the request is not valid or the application is not made in accordance with paragraph 11 or 12 or is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the request is valid and the application is made in accordance with paragraph 11 or 12 and is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 16
- (1) If an application under paragraph 19F(5) or 11 or 12 is accepted by the CAC, the union (or unions) may not withdraw the application—
- (a) after the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 22(2), or
- (b) after the union (or the last of the unions) receives notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2).
- (2) If an application is withdrawn by the union (or unions)—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of the withdrawal to the employer, and
- (b) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
### Notice to cease consideration of application
##### 17
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC has received an application under paragraph 11 or 12 and—
- (a) it has not decided whether the application is admissible, or
- (b) it has decided that the application is admissible.
- (2) No further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule if, before the final event occurs, the parties give notice to the CAC that they want no further steps to be taken.
- (3) The final event occurs when the first of the following occurs—
- (a) the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 19F(5) or 22(2) in consequence of the application;
- (b) the last day of the notification period ends;
and the notification period is that defined by paragraph 24(6) and arising from the application.
### Appropriate bargaining unit
##### 18
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2) it must try to help the parties to reach within the appropriate period an agreement as to what the appropriate bargaining unit is.
- (2) The appropriate period is (subject to any notice under sub-paragraph (3), (4) or (5))—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (3) If, during the appropriate period, the CAC concludes that there is no reasonable prospect of the parties' agreeing an appropriate bargaining unit before the time when (apart from this sub-paragraph) the appropriate period would end, the CAC may, by a notice given to the parties, declare that the appropriate period ends with the date of the notice.
- (4) If, during the appropriate period, the parties apply to the CAC for a declaration that the appropriate period is to end with a date (specified in the application) which is earlier than the date with which it would otherwise end, the CAC may, by a notice given to the parties, declare that the appropriate period ends with the specified date.
- (5) If the CAC has declared under sub-paragraph (4) that the appropriate period ends with a specified date, it may before that date by a notice given to the parties specify a later date with which the appropriate period ends.
- (6) A notice under sub-paragraph (3) must contain reasons for reaching the conclusion mentioned in that sub-paragraph.
- (7) A notice under sub-paragraph (5) must contain reasons for the extension of the appropriate period.
##### 18A
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2).
- (2) Within 5 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives the employer notice of acceptance of the application, the employer must supply the following information to the union (or unions) and the CAC—
- (a) a list of the categories of worker in the proposed bargaining unit,
- (b) a list of the workplaces at which the workers in the proposed bargaining unit work, and
- (c) the number of workers the employer reasonably believes to be in each category at each workplace.
- (3) The lists and numbers supplied under this paragraph must be as accurate as is reasonably practicable in the light of the information in the possession of the employer at the time when he complies with sub-paragraph (2).
- (4) The lists and numbers supplied to the union (or unions) and to the CAC must be the same.
- (5) For the purposes of this paragraph, the workplace at which a worker works is—
- (a) if the person works at or from a single set of premises, those premises, and
- (b) in any other case, the premises with which the worker’s employment has the closest connection.
##### 19
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2),
- (b) the parties have not agreed an appropriate bargaining unit at the end of the appropriate period (defined by paragraph 18), and
- (c) at the end of that period either no request under paragraph 19A(1)(b) has been made or such a request has been made but the condition in paragraph 19A(1)(c) has not been met.
- (2) Within the decision period, the CAC must decide whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the proposed bargaining unit is not appropriate, it must also decide within the decision period a bargaining unit which is appropriate.
- (4) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that with which the appropriate period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 19A
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2),
- (b) during the appropriate period (defined by paragraph 18), the CAC is requested by the union (or unions) to make a decision under this paragraph, and
- (c) the CAC is, either at the time the request is made or at a later time during the appropriate period, of the opinion that the employer has failed to comply with the duty imposed by paragraph 18A.
- (2) Within the decision period, the CAC must decide whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the proposed bargaining unit is not appropriate, it must also decide within the decision period a bargaining unit which is appropriate.
- (4) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after the day on which the request is made, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 19B
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC has to decide whether a bargaining unit is appropriate for the purposes of paragraph 19(2) or (3) or 19A(2) or (3).
- (2) The CAC must take these matters into account—
- (a) the need for the unit to be compatible with effective management;
- (b) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (3), so far as they do not conflict with that need.
- (3) The matters are—
- (a) the views of the employer and of the union (or unions);
- (b) existing national and local bargaining arrangements;
- (c) the desirability of avoiding small fragmented bargaining units within an undertaking;
- (d) the characteristics of workers falling within the bargaining unit under consideration and of any other employees of the employer whom the CAC considers relevant;
- (e) the location of workers.
- (4) In taking an employer’s views into account for the purpose of deciding whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate, the CAC must take into account any view the employer has about any other bargaining unit that he considers would be appropriate.
- (5) The CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties.
### Union communications with workers after acceptance of application
##### 19C
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2) or (4).
- (2) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for the appointment of a suitable independent person to handle communications during the initial period between the union (or unions) and the relevant workers.
- (3) In the case of an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2), the relevant workers are—
- (a) in relation to any time before an appropriate bargaining unit is agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC, those falling within the proposed bargaining unit, and
- (b) in relation to any time after an appropriate bargaining unit is so agreed or decided, those falling within the bargaining unit agreed or decided upon.
- (4) In the case of an application under paragraph 12(4), the relevant workers are those falling within the bargaining unit agreed by the parties.
- (5) The initial period is the period starting with the day on which the CAC informs the parties under sub-paragraph (7)(b) and ending with the first day on which any of the following occurs—
- (a) the application under paragraph 11 or 12 is withdrawn;
- (b) the CAC gives notice to the union (or unions) of a decision under paragraph 20 that the application is invalid;
- (c) the CAC notifies the union (or unions) of a declaration issued under paragraph 19F(5) or 22(2);
- (d) the CAC informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 25(9) of the name of the person appointed to conduct a ballot.
- (6) A person is a suitable independent person if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of paragraph 25(7)(a) by an order under that provision, or is himself specified for those purposes by such an order, and
- (b) there are no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions arising from his appointment otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to those functions might reasonably be called into question.
- (7) On an application under sub-paragraph (2) the CAC must as soon as reasonably practicable—
- (a) make such an appointment as is mentioned in that sub-paragraph, and
- (b) inform the parties of the name of the person appointed and the date of his appointment.
- (8) The person appointed by the CAC is referred to in paragraphs 19D and 19E as “the appointed person”.
##### 19D
- (1) An employer who is informed by the CAC under paragraph 19C(7)(b) must comply with the following duties (so far as it is reasonable to expect him to do so).
- (2) The duties are—
- (a) to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer is informed under paragraph 19C(7)(b), the names and home addresses of the relevant workers;
- (b) if the relevant workers change as a result of an appropriate bargaining unit being agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC, to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the bargaining unit is agreed or the CAC’s decision is notified to the employer, the names and home addresses of those who are now the relevant workers;
- (c) to give to the CAC, as soon as reasonably practicable, the name and home address of any worker who joins the bargaining unit after the employer has complied with paragraph (a) or (b);
- (d) to inform the CAC, as soon as reasonably practicable, of any worker whose name has been given to the CAC under paragraph (a), (b) or (c) and who ceases to be a relevant worker (otherwise than by reason of a change mentioned in paragraph (b)).
- (3) Nothing in sub-paragraph (2) requires the employer to give information to the CAC after the end of the initial period.
- (4) As soon as reasonably practicable after the CAC receives any information under sub-paragraph (2), it must pass it on to the appointed person.
##### 19E
- (1) During the initial period, the appointed person must if asked to do so by the union (or unions) send to any worker—
- (a) whose name and home address have been passed on to him under paragraph 19D(4), and
- (b) who is (so far as the appointed person is aware) still a relevant worker,
any information supplied by the union (or unions) to the appointed person.
- (2) The costs of the appointed person shall be borne—
- (a) if the application under paragraph 19C was made by one union, by the union, and
- (b) if that application was made by more than one union, by the unions in such proportions as they jointly indicate to the appointed person or, in the absence of such an indication, in equal shares.
- (3) The appointed person may send to the union (or each of the unions) a demand stating his costs and the amount of those costs to be borne by the recipient.
- (4) In such a case the recipient must pay the amount stated to the person sending the demand and must do so within the period of 15 working days starting with the day after that on which the demand is received.
- (5) In England and Wales, if the amount stated is not paid in accordance with sub-paragraph (4) it shall, if a county court so orders, be recoverable by execution issued from that court or otherwise as if it were payable under an order of that court.
- (6) Where an amount is recoverable under sub-paragraph (5) execution may be carried out, to the same extent and in the same manner as if the union were a body corporate, against any property held in trust for the union other than protected property as defined in section 23(2).
- (7) References to the costs of the appointed person are to—
- (a) the costs wholly, exclusively and necessarily incurred by the appointed person in connection with handling during the initial period communications between the union (or unions) and the relevant workers,
- (b) such reasonable amount as the appointed person charges for his services, and
- (c) such other costs as the union (or unions) agree.
##### 19F
- (1) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to fulfil a duty mentioned in paragraph 19D(2), and the initial period has not yet ended, the CAC may order the employer—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the failure as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order, and
- (b) to do so within such period as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order;
and in this paragraph a “*remedial order*” means an order under this sub-paragraph.
- (2) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with a remedial order and the initial period has not yet ended, the CAC must as soon as reasonably practicable notify the employer and the union (or unions) that it is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply.
- (3) A remedial order and a notice under sub-paragraph (2) must draw the recipient’s attention to the effect of sub-paragraphs (4) and (5).
- (4) Sub-paragraph (5) applies if—
- (a) the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with a remedial order,
- (b) the parties have agreed an appropriate bargaining unit or the CAC has decided an appropriate bargaining unit,
- (c) in the case of an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2), the CAC, if required to do so, has decided under paragraph 20 that the application is not invalid, and
- (d) the initial period has not yet ended.
- (5) The CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the bargaining unit.
### Union recognition
##### 20
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2),
- (b) the parties have agreed an appropriate bargaining unit at the end of the appropriate period (defined by paragraph 18), or the CAC has decided an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (c) that bargaining unit differs from the proposed bargaining unit.
- (2) Within the decision period the CAC must decide whether the application is invalid within the terms of paragraphs 43 to 50.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is invalid, the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is invalid—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not proceed with the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is not invalid it must—
- (a) proceed with the application, and
- (b) give notice to the parties that it is so proceeding.
- (6) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the parties agree an appropriate bargaining unit or the CAC decides an appropriate bargaining unit, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 21
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2),
- (b) the parties have agreed an appropriate bargaining unit at the end of the appropriate period (defined by paragraph 18), or the CAC has decided an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (c) that bargaining unit is the same as the proposed bargaining unit.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 12(4).
- (3) The CAC must proceed with the application.
##### 22
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC proceeds with an application in accordance with paragraph 20 or 21 (and makes no declaration under paragraph 19F(5)), and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the bargaining unit.
- (3) But if any of the three qualifying conditions is fulfilled, instead of issuing a declaration under sub-paragraph (2) the CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) These are the three qualifying conditions—
- (a) the CAC is satisfied that a ballot should be held in the interests of good industrial relations;
- (b) the CAC has evidence, which it considers to be credible, from a significant number of the union members within the bargaining unit that they do not want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf;
- (c) membership evidence is produced which leads the CAC to conclude that there are doubts whether a significant number of the union members within the bargaining unit want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (4)(c) membership evidence is—
- (a) evidence about the circumstances in which union members became members;
- (b) evidence about the length of time for which union members have been members, in a case where the CAC is satisfied that such evidence should be taken into account.
##### 23
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC proceeds with an application in accordance with paragraph 20 or 21 (and makes no declaration under paragraph 19F(5)), and
- (b) the CAC is not satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
##### 24
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2).
- (2) Within the notification period—
- (a) the union (or unions), or
- (b) the union (or unions) and the employer,
may notify the CAC that the party making the notification does not (or the parties making the notification do not) want the CAC to arrange for the holding of the ballot.
- (3) If the CAC is so notified—
- (a) it must not arrange for the holding of the ballot,
- (b) it must inform the parties that it will not arrange for the holding of the ballot, and why, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (4) If the CAC is not so notified it must arrange for the holding of the ballot.
- (5) The notification period is, in relation to notification by the union (or unions)—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day on which the union (or last of the unions) receives the CAC’s notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2), or
- (b) such longer period so starting as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice.
- (6) The notification period is, in relation to notification by the union (or unions) and the employer—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day on which the last of the parties receives the CAC’s notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2), or
- (b) such longer period so starting as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice.
- (7) The CAC may give a notice under sub-paragraph (5)(b) or (6)(b) only if the parties have applied jointly to it for the giving of such a notice.
##### 25
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC arranges under paragraph 24 for the holding of a ballot.
- (2) The ballot must be conducted by a qualified independent person appointed by the CAC.
- (3) The ballot must be conducted within—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the qualified independent person is appointed, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide.
- (4) The ballot must be conducted—
- (a) at a workplace or workplaces decided by the CAC,
- (b) by post, or
- (c) by a combination of the methods described in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b),
depending on the CAC’s preference.
- (5) In deciding how the ballot is to be conducted the CAC must take into account—
- (a) the likelihood of the ballot being affected by unfairness or malpractice if it were conducted at a workplace or workplaces;
- (b) costs and practicality;
- (c) such other matters as the CAC considers appropriate.
- (6) The CAC may not decide that the ballot is to be conducted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (4)(c) unless there are special factors making such a decision appropriate; and special factors include—
- (a) factors arising from the location of workers or the nature of their employment;
- (b) factors put to the CAC by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (6A) If the CAC decides that the ballot must (in whole or in part) be conducted at a workplace (or workplaces), it may require arrangements to be made for workers—
- (a) who (but for the arrangements) would be prevented by the CAC’s decision from voting by post, and
- (b) who are unable, for reasons relating to those workers as individuals, to cast their votes in the ballot at the workplace (or at any of them),
to be given the opportunity (if they request it far enough in advance of the ballot for this to be practicable) to vote by post; and the CAC’s imposing such a requirement is not to be treated for the purposes of sub-paragraph (6) as a decision that the ballot be conducted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (4)(c).
- (7) A person is a qualified independent person if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of this paragraph by order of the Secretary of State or is himself so specified, and
- (b) there are no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the ballot might reasonably be called into question.
- (8) An order under sub-paragraph (7)(a) shall be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
- (9) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is required under paragraph 24 to arrange for the holding of a ballot it must inform the parties—
- (a) that it is so required;
- (b) of the name of the person appointed to conduct the ballot and the date of his appointment;
- (c) of the period within which the ballot must be conducted;
- (d) whether the ballot is to be conducted by post or at a workplace or workplaces;
- (e) of the workplace or workplaces concerned (if the ballot is to be conducted at a workplace or workplaces).
##### 26
- (1) An employer who is informed by the CAC under paragraph 25(9) must comply with the following three duties.
- (2) The first duty is to co-operate generally, in connection with the ballot, with the union (or unions) and the person appointed to conduct the ballot; and the second and third duties are not to prejudice the generality of this.
- (3) The second duty is to give to the union (or unions) such access to the workers constituting the bargaining unit as is reasonable to enable the union (or unions) to inform the workers of the object of the ballot and to seek their support and their opinions on the issues involved.
- (4) The third duty is to do the following (so far as it is reasonable to expect the employer to do so)—
- (a) to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer is informed under paragraph 25(9), the names and home addresses of the workers constituting the bargaining unit;
- (b) to give to the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, the name and home address of any worker who joins the unit after the employer has complied with paragraph (a);
- (c) to inform the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, of any worker whose name has been given to the CAC under paragraph 19D or paragraph (a) or (b) of this sub-paragraph and who ceases to be within the unit.
- (4F) Sub-paragraph (4)(a) does not apply to names and addresses that the employer has already given to the CAC under paragraph 19D.
- (4G) Where (because of sub-paragraph (4F)) the employer does not have to comply with sub-paragraph (4)(a), the reference in sub-paragraph (4)(b) to the time when the employer complied with sub-paragraph (4)(a) is to be read as a reference to the time when the employer is informed under paragraph 25(9).
- (4H) If—
- (a) a person was appointed on an application under paragraph 19C, and
- (b) the person appointed to conduct the ballot is not that person,
the CAC must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, pass on to the person appointed to conduct the ballot the names and addresses given to it under paragraph 19D.
- (5) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC receives any information under sub-paragraph (4) it must pass it on to the person appointed to conduct the ballot.
- (6) If asked to do so by the union (or unions) the person appointed to conduct the ballot must send to any worker—
- (a) whose name and home address have been passed on to him under paragraph 19D or this paragraph, and
- (b) who is still within the unit (so far as the person so appointed is aware),
any information supplied by the union (or unions) to the person so appointed.
- (7) The duty under sub-paragraph (6) does not apply unless the union bears (or unions bear) the cost of sending the information.
- (8) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about reasonable access for the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 27
- (1) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to fulfil any of the three duties imposed by paragraph 26, and the ballot has not been held, the CAC may order the employer—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the failure as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order, and
- (b) to do so within such period as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order.
- (2) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with an order under sub-paragraph (1), and the ballot has not been held, the CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (3) If the CAC issues a declaration under sub-paragraph (2) it shall take steps to cancel the holding of the ballot; and if the ballot is held it shall have no effect.
##### 27A
- (1) Each of the parties informed by the CAC under paragraph 25(9) must refrain from using any unfair practice.
- (2) A party uses an unfair practice if, with a view to influencing the result of the ballot, the party—
- (a) offers to pay money or give money’s worth to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot in return for the worker’s agreement to vote in a particular way or to abstain from voting,
- (b) makes an outcome-specific offer to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot,
- (c) coerces or attempts to coerce a worker entitled to vote in the ballot to disclose—
- (i) whether he intends to vote or to abstain from voting in the ballot, or
- (ii) how he intends to vote, or how he has voted, in the ballot,
- (d) dismisses or threatens to dismiss a worker,
- (e) takes or threatens to take disciplinary action against a worker,
- (f) subjects or threatens to subject a worker to any other detriment, or
- (g) uses or attempts to use undue influence on a worker entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b) an “outcome-specific offer” is an offer to pay money or give money’s worth which—
- (a) is conditional on the issuing by the CAC of a declaration that—
- (i) the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit, or
- (ii) the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be so recognised, and
- (b) is not conditional on anything which is done or occurs as a result of the declaration in question.
- (4) The duty imposed by this paragraph does not confer any rights on a worker; but that does not affect any other right which a worker may have.
- (5) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about unfair practices for the purposes of this paragraph—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 27B
- (1) A party may complain to the CAC that another party has failed to comply with paragraph 27A.
- (2) A complaint under sub-paragraph (1) must be made on or before the first working day after—
- (a) the date of the ballot, or
- (b) if votes may be cast in the ballot on more than one day, the last of those days.
- (3) Within the decision period the CAC must decide whether the complaint is well-founded.
- (4) A complaint is well-founded if—
- (a) the CAC finds that the party complained against used an unfair practice, and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that the use of that practice changed or was likely to change, in the case of a worker entitled to vote in the ballot—
- (i) his intention to vote or to abstain from voting,
- (ii) his intention to vote in a particular way, or
- (iii) how he voted.
- (5) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the complaint under sub-paragraph (1) was received by the CAC, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by a notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (6) If, at the beginning of the decision period, the ballot has not begun, the CAC may by notice to the parties and the qualified independent person postpone the date on which it is to begin until a date which falls after the end of the decision period.
##### 27C
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC decides that a complaint under paragraph 27B is well-founded.
- (2) The CAC must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, issue a declaration to that effect.
- (3) The CAC may do either or both of the following—
- (a) order the party concerned to take any action specified in the order within such period as may be so specified, or
- (b) give notice to the employer and to the union (or unions) that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) The CAC may give an order or a notice under sub-paragraph (3) either at the same time as it issues the declaration under sub-paragraph (2) or at any other time before it acts under paragraph 29.
- (5) The action specified in an order under sub-paragraph (3)(a) shall be such as the CAC considers reasonable in order to mitigate the effect of the failure of the party concerned to comply with the duty imposed by paragraph 27A.
- (6) The CAC may give more than one order under sub-paragraph (3)(a).
##### 27D
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 27C(2) and the declaration states that the unfair practice used consisted of or included—
- (a) the use of violence, or
- (b) the dismissal of a union official.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC has made an order under paragraph 27C(3)(a) and—
- (a) it is satisfied that the party subject to the order has failed to comply with it, or
- (b) it makes another declaration under paragraph 27C(2) in relation to a complaint against that party.
- (3) If the party concerned is the employer, the CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the party concerned is a union, the CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be so recognised.
- (5) The powers conferred by this paragraph are in addition to those conferred by paragraph 27C(3).
##### 27E
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration that a complaint under paragraph 27B is well-founded and—
- (a) gives a notice under paragraph 27C(3)(b), or
- (b) issues a declaration under paragraph 27D.
- (2) If the ballot in connection with which the complaint was made has not been held, the CAC shall take steps to cancel it.
- (3) If that ballot is held, it shall have no effect.
##### 27F
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC gives a notice under paragraph 27C(3)(b).
- (2) Paragraphs 24 to 29 apply in relation to that notice as they apply in relation to a notice given under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2) but with the modifications specified in sub-paragraphs (3) to (6).
- (3) In each of sub-paragraphs (5)(a) and (6)(a) of paragraph 24 for “10 working days” substitute 5 working days.
- (4) An employer’s duty under paragraph (a) of paragraph 26(4) is limited to—
- (a) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of any workers in the bargaining unit which have not previously been given to it in accordance with that duty;
- (b) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of those workers who have joined the bargaining unit since he last gave the CAC information in accordance with that duty;
- (c) informing the CAC of any change to the name or home address of a worker whose name and home address have previously been given to the CAC in accordance with that duty; and
- (d) informing the CAC of any worker whose name had previously been given to it in accordance with that duty who has ceased to be within the bargaining unit.
- (5) Any order given under paragraph 27(1) or 27C(3)(a) for the purposes of the cancelled or ineffectual ballot shall have effect (to the extent that the CAC specifies in a notice to the parties) as if it were made for the purposes of the ballot to which the notice under paragraph 27C(3)(b) relates.
- (6) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne by such of the parties and in such proportions as the CAC may determine and, accordingly, sub-paragraphs (2) and (3) of paragraph 28 shall be omitted and the reference in sub-paragraph (4) of that paragraph to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) shall be construed as a reference to the party or parties which bear the costs in accordance with the CAC’s determination.
##### 28
- (1) This paragraph applies if the holding of a ballot has been arranged under paragraph 24 whether or not it has been cancelled.
- (2) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne—
- (a) as to half, by the employer, and
- (b) as to half, by the union (or unions).
- (3) If there is more than one union they shall bear their half of the gross costs—
- (a) in such proportions as they jointly indicate to the person appointed to conduct the ballot, or
- (b) in the absence of such an indication, in equal shares.
- (4) The person appointed to conduct the ballot may send to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) a demand stating—
- (a) the gross costs of the ballot, and
- (b) the amount of the gross costs to be borne by the recipient.
- (5) In such a case the recipient must pay the amount stated to the person sending the demand, and must do so within the period of 15 working days starting with the day after that on which the demand is received.
- (6) In England and Wales, if the amount stated is not paid in accordance with sub-paragraph (5) it shall, if a county court so orders, be recoverable by execution issued from that court or otherwise as if it were payable under an order of that court.
- (6A) Where an amount is recoverable from a union under sub-paragraph (6) execution may be carried out, to the same extent and in the same manner as if the union were a body corporate, against any property held in trust for the union other than protected property as defined in section 23(2).
- (7) References to the costs of the ballot are to—
- (a) the costs wholly, exclusively and necessarily incurred in connection with the ballot by the person appointed to conduct it,
- (b) such reasonable amount as the person appointed to conduct the ballot charges for his services, and
- (c) such other costs as the employer and the union (or unions) agree.
##### 29
- (1) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is informed of the result of a ballot by the person conducting it, the CAC must act under this paragraph.
- (2) The CAC must inform the employer and the union (or unions) of the result of the ballot.
- (3) If the result is that the union is (or unions are) supported by—
- (a) a majority of the workers voting, and
- (b) at least 40 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit,
the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the result is otherwise the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be so recognised.
- (5) The Secretary of State may by order amend sub-paragraph (3) so as to specify a different degree of support; and different provision may be made for different circumstances.
- (6) An order under sub-paragraph (5) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (7) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 30
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under this Part of this Schedule that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) The parties may in the negotiation period conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) If no agreement is made in the negotiation period the employer or the union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for assistance.
- (4) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 30 working days starting with the start day, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
- (5) The start day is the day after that on which the parties are notified of the declaration.
##### 31
- (1) This paragraph applies if an application for assistance is made to the CAC under paragraph 30.
- (2) The CAC must try to help the parties to reach in the agreement period an agreement on a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) If at the end of the agreement period the parties have not made such an agreement the CAC must specify to the parties the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining.
- (4) Any method specified under sub-paragraph (3) is to have effect as if it were contained in a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (5) But if the parties agree in writing—
- (a) that sub-paragraph (4) shall not apply, or shall not apply to particular parts of the method specified by the CAC, or
- (b) to vary or replace the method specified by the CAC,
the written agreement shall have effect as a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (6) Specific performance shall be the only remedy available for breach of anything which is a legally enforceable contract by virtue of this paragraph.
- (7) If at any time before a specification is made under sub-paragraph (3) the parties jointly apply to the CAC requesting it to stop taking steps under this paragraph, the CAC must comply with the request.
- (8) The agreement period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application under paragraph 30, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the parties.
### Method not carried out
##### 32
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC issues a declaration under this Part of this Schedule that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit,
- (b) the parties agree a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining, and
- (c) one or more of the parties fails to carry out the agreement.
- (2) The employer or the union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for assistance.
- (3) Paragraph 31 applies as if paragraph 30 (in each place) read paragraph 30 or paragraph 32.
### General provisions about admissibility
##### 33
An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
##### 34
An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 35
- (1) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible if the CAC is satisfied that there is already in force a collective agreement under which a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of any workers falling within the relevant bargaining unit.
- (2) But sub-paragraph (1) does not apply to an application under paragraph 11 or 12 if—
- (a) the union (or unions) recognised under the collective agreement and the union (or unions) making the application under paragraph 11 or 12 are the same, and
- (b) the matters in respect of which the union is (or unions are) entitled to conduct collective bargaining do not include all of the following: pay, hours and holidays (“the core topics”) .
- (3) A declaration of recognition which is the subject of a declaration under paragraph 83(2) must for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1) be treated as ceasing to have effect to the extent specified in paragraph 83(2) on the making of the declaration under paragraph 83(2).
- (4) In applying sub-paragraph (1) an agreement for recognition (the agreement in question) must be ignored if—
- (a) the union does not have (or none of the unions has) a certificate of independence,
- (b) at some time there was an agreement (the old agreement) between the employer and the union under which the union (whether alone or with other unions) was recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group of workers which was the same or substantially the same as the group covered by the agreement in question, and
- (c) the old agreement ceased to have effect in the period of three years ending with the date of the agreement in question.
- (5) It is for the CAC to decide whether one group of workers is the same or substantially the same as another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
- (6) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 36
- (1) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit would be likely to favour recognition of the union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (2) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
- (3) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 37
- (1) This paragraph applies to an application made by more than one union under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (2) The application is not admissible unless—
- (a) the unions show that they will co-operate with each other in a manner likely to secure and maintain stable and effective collective bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) the unions show that, if the employer wishes, they will enter into arrangements under which collective bargaining is conducted by the unions acting together on behalf of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit.
- (3) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 38
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts a relevant application relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit,
- (b) the application has not been withdrawn,
- (c) no notice has been given under paragraph 17(2),
- (d) the CAC has not issued a declaration under paragraph 19F(5), 22(2), 27(2), 27D(3), 27D(4), 29(3) or 29(4) in relation to that bargaining unit, and
- (e) no notification has been made under paragraph 24(2).
- (2) Another relevant application is not admissible if—
- (a) at least one worker falling within the relevant bargaining unit also falls within the bargaining unit referred to in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (b) the application is made by a union (or unions) other than the union (or unions) which made the application referred to in sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (4) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 39
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts a relevant application relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit.
- (2) Another relevant application is not admissible if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the CAC gave notice of acceptance of the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1),
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (4) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
- (5) This paragraph does not apply if paragraph 40 or 41 applies.
##### 40
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 27D(4) or 29(4) that a union is (or unions are) not entitled to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is arranged under this Part or Part III of this Schedule.
- (2) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the declaration was issued,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application leading to the declaration.
- (3) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 41
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 119D(4), 119H(5) or 121(3) that bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is arranged under Part IV or Part V of this Schedule.
- (2) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the declaration was issued,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit to which the bargaining arrangements mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) relate, and
- (c) the application is made by the union which was a party (or unions which were parties) to the proceedings leading to the declaration.
- (3) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 42
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of paragraphs 39 to 41.
- (2) It is for the CAC to decide whether one bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
##### 43
- (1) Paragraphs 44 to 50 apply if the CAC has to decide under paragraph 20 whether an application is valid.
- (2) In those paragraphs—
- (a) references to the application in question are to that application, and
- (b) references to the relevant bargaining unit are to the bargaining unit agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC.
##### 44
- (1) The application in question is invalid if the CAC is satisfied that there is already in force a collective agreement under which a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of any workers falling within the relevant bargaining unit.
- (2) But sub-paragraph (1) does not apply to the application in question if—
- (a) the union (or unions) recognised under the collective agreement and the union (or unions) making the application in question are the same, and
- (b) the matters in respect of which the union is (or unions are) entitled to conduct collective bargaining do not include all of the following: pay, hours and holidays (“the core topics”).
- (3) A declaration of recognition which is the subject of a declaration under paragraph 83(2) must for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1) be treated as ceasing to have effect to the extent specified in paragraph 83(2) on the making of the declaration under paragraph 83(2).
- (4) In applying sub-paragraph (1) an agreement for recognition (the agreement in question) must be ignored if—
- (a) the union does not have (or none of the unions has) a certificate of independence,
- (b) at some time there was an agreement (the old agreement) between the employer and the union under which the union (whether alone or with other unions) was recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group of workers which was the same or substantially the same as the group covered by the agreement in question, and
- (c) the old agreement ceased to have effect in the period of three years ending with the date of the agreement in question.
- (5) It is for the CAC to decide whether one group of workers is the same or substantially the same an another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
##### 45
The application in question is invalid unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit would be likely to favour recognition of the union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
##### 46
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11 or 12 relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit,
- (b) the application has not been withdrawn,
- (c) no notice has been given under paragraph 17(2),
- (d) the CAC has not issued a declaration under paragraph 19F(5), 22(2), 27(2), 27D(3), 27D(4), 29(3) or 29(4) in relation to that bargaining unit, and
- (e) no notification has been made under paragraph 24(2).
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) at least one worker falling within the relevant bargaining unit also falls within the bargaining unit referred to in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (b) the application in question is made by a union (or unions) other than the union (or unions) which made the application referred to in sub-paragraph (1).
##### 47
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11 or 12 relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit.
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the CAC gave notice of acceptance of the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1),
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) This paragraph does not apply if paragraph 48 or 49 applies.
##### 48
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 27D(4) or 29(4) that a union is (or unions are) not entitled to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is arranged under this Part or Part III of this Schedule.
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the date of the declaration,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application leading to the declaration.
##### 49
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 119D(4), 119H(5) or 121(3) that bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is arranged under Part IV or Part V of this Schedule.
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the declaration was issued,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit to which the bargaining arrangements mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) relate, and
- (c) the application is made by the union which was a party (or unions which were parties) to the proceedings leading to the declaration.
##### 50
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of paragraphs 47 to 49.
- (2) It is for the CAC to decide whether one bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
### Competing applications
##### 51
- (1) For the purposes of this paragraph—
- (a) the original application is the application referred to in paragraph 38(1) or 46(1), and
- (b) the competing application is the other application referred to in paragraph 38(2) or the application in question referred to in paragraph 46(2);
but an application cannot be an original application unless it was made under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2).
- (2) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides that the competing application is not admissible by reason of paragraph 38 or is invalid by reason of paragraph 46,
- (b) at the time the decision is made the parties to the original application have not agreed the appropriate bargaining unit under paragraph 18, and the CAC has not decided the appropriate bargaining unit under paragraph 19 or 19A, in relation to the application, and
- (c) the 10 per cent test (within the meaning given by paragraph 14) is satisfied with regard to the competing application.
- (3) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must cancel the original application,
- (b) the CAC must give notice to the parties to the application that it has been cancelled,
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule in relation to the application, and
- (d) the application shall be treated as if it had never been admissible.
## Part II — Voluntary Recognition
### Agreements for recognition
##### 52
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) An agreement is an agreement for recognition if the following conditions are fulfilled in relation to it—
- (a) the agreement is made in the permitted period between a union (or unions) and an employer in consequence of a request made under paragraph 4 and valid within the terms of paragraphs 5 to 9;
- (b) under the agreement the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group or groups of workers employed by the employer;
- (c) if sub-paragraph (5) applies to the agreement, it is satisfied.
- (3) The permitted period is the period which begins with the day on which the employer receives the request and ends when the first of the following occurs—
- (a) the union withdraws (or unions withdraw) the request;
- (b) the union withdraws (or unions withdraw) any application under paragraph 11 or 12 made in consequence of the request;
- (c) the CAC gives notice of a decision under paragraph 14(7) which precludes it from accepting such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (d) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 15(4)(a) or 20(4)(a) in relation to such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (e) the parties give notice to the CAC under paragraph 17(2) in relation to such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (f) the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 19F(5) or 22(2) in consequence of such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (g) the CAC is notified under paragraph 24(2) in relation to such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (h) the last day of the notification period ends (the notification period being that defined by paragraph 24(6) and arising from such an application under paragraph 11 or 12);
- (i) the CAC is required under paragraph 51(3) to cancel such an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (4) Sub-paragraph (5) applies to an agreement if—
- (a) at the time it is made the CAC has received an application under paragraph 11 or 12 in consequence of the request mentioned in sub-paragraph (2), and
- (b) the CAC has not decided whether the application is admissible or it has decided that it is admissible.
- (5) This sub-paragraph is satisfied if, in relation to the application under paragraph 11 or 12, the parties give notice to the CAC under paragraph 17 before the final event (as defined in paragraph 17) occurs.
### Other interpretation
##### 53
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) In relation to an agreement for recognition, references to the bargaining unit are to the group of workers (or the groups taken together) to which the agreement for recognition relates.
- (3) In relation to an agreement for recognition, references to the parties are to the union (or unions) and the employer who are parties to the agreement.
##### 54
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) The meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply.
- (3) Except in paragraph 63(2), in relation to an agreement for recognition references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the matters in respect of which the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct negotiations under the agreement for recognition.
- (4) In paragraph 63(2) the reference to collective bargaining is to negotiations relating to pay, hours and holidays.
### Determination of type of agreement
##### 55
- (1) This paragraph applies if one or more of the parties to an agreement applies to the CAC for a decision whether or not the agreement is an agreement for recognition.
- (2) The CAC must give notice of receipt of an application under sub-paragraph (1) to any parties to the agreement who are not parties to the application.
- (3) The CAC must within the decision period decide whether the agreement is an agreement for recognition.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the agreement is an agreement for recognition it must issue a declaration to that effect.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the agreement is not an agreement for recognition it must issue a declaration to that effect.
- (6) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application under sub-paragraph (1), or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties to the agreement by notice containing reasons for the extension.
### Termination of agreement for recognition
##### 56
- (1) The employer may not terminate an agreement for recognition before the relevant period ends.
- (2) After that period ends the employer may terminate the agreement, with or without the consent of the union (or unions).
- (3) The union (or unions) may terminate an agreement for recognition at any time, with or without the consent of the employer.
- (4) Sub-paragraphs (1) to (3) have effect subject to the terms of the agreement or any other agreement of the parties.
- (5) The relevant period is the period of three years starting with the day after the date of the agreement.
##### 57
- (1) If an agreement for recognition is terminated, as from the termination the agreement and any provisions relating to the collective bargaining method shall cease to have effect.
- (2) For this purpose provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) any agreement between the parties as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the bargaining unit, or
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the bargaining unit.
### Application to CAC to specify method
##### 58
- (1) This paragraph applies if the parties make an agreement for recognition.
- (2) The parties may in the negotiation period conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) If no agreement is made in the negotiation period the employer or the union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for assistance.
- (4) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 30 working days starting with the start day, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
- (5) The start day is the day after that on which the agreement is made.
##### 59
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the parties to an agreement for recognition agree a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining, and
- (b) one or more of the parties fails to carry out the agreement as to a method.
- (2) The employer or the union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for assistance.
##### 60
- (1) This paragraph applies if an application for assistance is made to the CAC under paragraph 58 or 59.
- (2) The application is not admissible unless the conditions in sub-paragraphs (3) and (4) are satisfied.
- (3) The condition is that the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, must—
- (a) employ at least 21 workers on the day the application is made, or
- (b) employ an average of at least 21 workers in the 13 weeks ending with that day.
- (4) The condition is that the union (or every union) has a certificate of independence.
- (5) To find the average under sub-paragraph (3)(b)—
- (a) take the number of workers employed in each of the 13 weeks (including workers not employed for the whole of the week);
- (b) aggregate the 13 numbers;
- (c) divide the aggregate by 13.
- (6) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)(a) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored unless the day the application was made fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (7) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)(b) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored in relation to a week unless the whole or any part of that week fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (8) For the purposes of sub-paragraphs (6) and (7) a worker who is employed on board a ship registered in the register maintained under section 8 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 shall be treated as ordinarily working in Great Britain unless—
- (a) the ship’s entry in the register specifies a port outside Great Britain as the port to which the vessel is to be treated as belonging,
- (b) the employment is wholly outside Great Britain, or
- (c) the worker is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain.
- (9) An order made under paragraph 7(6) may also—
- (a) provide that sub-paragraphs (2), (3) and (5) to (8) of this paragraph are not to apply, or are not to apply in specified circumstances, or
- (b) vary the number of workers for the time being specified in sub-paragraph (3).
##### 61
- (1) An application to the CAC is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application which is made by a union (or unions) to the CAC is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
- (3) An application which is made by an employer to the CAC is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
### CAC’s response to application
##### 62
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 58 or 59.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 60 and 61.
- (3) In deciding whether an application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 63
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application it must try to help the parties to reach in the agreement period an agreement on a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (2) If at the end of the agreement period the parties have not made such an agreement the CAC must specify to the parties the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) Any method specified under sub-paragraph (2) is to have effect as if it were contained in a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (4) But if the parties agree in writing—
- (a) that sub-paragraph (3) shall not apply, or shall not apply to particular parts of the method specified by the CAC, or
- (b) to vary or replace the method specified by the CAC,
the written agreement shall have effect as a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (5) Specific performance shall be the only remedy available for breach of anything which is a legally enforceable contract by virtue of this paragraph.
- (6) If the CAC accepts an application, the applicant may not withdraw it after the end of the agreement period.
- (7) If at any time before a specification is made under sub-paragraph (2) the parties jointly apply to the CAC requesting it to stop taking steps under this paragraph, the CAC must comply with the request.
- (8) The agreement period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
## Part III — Changes affecting bargaining unit
### Introduction
##### 64
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if—
- (a) the CAC has issued a declaration that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, and
- (b) provisions relating to the collective bargaining method apply in relation to the unit.
- (2) In such a case, in this Part of this Schedule—
- (a) references to the original unit are to the bargaining unit on whose behalf the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining, and
- (b) references to the bargaining arrangements are to the declaration and to the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method which apply in relation to the original unit.
- (3) For this purpose provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) the parties’ agreement as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the original unit,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the original unit, or
- (c) any provision of this Part of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect with regard to the original unit.
##### 65
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Either party believes unit no longer appropriate
##### 66
- (1) This paragraph applies if the employer believes or the union believes (or unions believe) that the original unit is no longer an appropriate bargaining unit.
- (2) The employer or union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to make a decision as to what is an appropriate bargaining unit.
##### 67
- (1) An application under paragraph 66 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that it is likely that the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The matters are—
- (a) the appointment or election of a person to, or the removal of a person from, any office;
- (b) disciplinary proceedings by the union (including expulsion);
- (c) the balloting of members on any issue other than industrial action;
- (d) the constitution or proceedings of any executive committee or of any decision-making meeting;
- (e) such other matters as may be specified in an order made by the Secretary of State.
- (3) The applicant must be a member of the union, or have been one at the time of the alleged breach or threatened breach.
- (4) A person may not apply under subsection (1) in relation to a claim if he is entitled to apply under section 80 in relation to the claim.
- (5) No application may be made regarding—
- (a) the dismissal of an employee of the union;
- (b) disciplinary proceedings against an employee of the union.
- (6) An application must be made—
- (a) within the period of six months starting with the day on which the breach or threatened breach is alleged to have taken place, or
- (b) if within that period any internal complaints procedure of the union is invoked to resolve the claim, within the period of six months starting with the earlier of the days specified in subsection (7).
- (7) Those days are—
- (a) the day on which the procedure is concluded, and
- (b) the last day of the period of one year beginning with the day on which the procedure is invoked.
- (8) The reference in subsection (1) to the rules of a union includes references to the rules of any branch or section of the union.
- (9) In subsection (2)(c) “*industrial action*” means a strike or other industrial action by persons employed under contracts of employment.
- (10) For the purposes of subsection (2)(d) a committee is an executive committee if—
- (a) it is a committee of the union concerned and has power to make executive decisions on behalf of the union or on behalf of a constituent body,
- (b) it is a committee of a major constituent body and has power to make executive decisions on behalf of that body, or
- (c) it is a sub-committee of a committee falling within paragraph (a) or (b).
- (11) For the purposes of subsection (2)(d) a decision-making meeting is—
- (a) a meeting of members of the union concerned (or the representatives of such members) which has power to make a decision on any matter which, under the rules of the union, is final as regards the union or which, under the rules of the union or a constituent body, is final as regards that body, or
- (b) a meeting of members of a major constituent body (or the representatives of such members) which has power to make a decision on any matter which, under the rules of the union or the body, is final as regards that body.
- (12) For the purposes of subsections (10) and (11), in relation to the trade union concerned—
- (a) a constituent body is any body which forms part of the union, including a branch, group, section or region;
- (b) a major constituent body is such a body which has more than 1,000 members.
- (13) Any order under subsection (2)(e) shall be made by statutory instrument; and no such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before and approved by resolution of each House of Parliament.
- (14) If a person applies to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to an alleged breach or threatened breach he may not apply to the court in relation to the breach or threatened breach; but nothing in this subsection shall prevent such a person from exercising any right to appeal against or challenge the Certification Officer’s decision on the application to him.
- (15) If—
- (a) a person applies to the court in relation to an alleged breach or threatened breach, and
- (b) the breach or threatened breach is one in relation to which he could have made an application to the Certification Officer under this section,
he may not apply to the Certification Officer under this section in relation to the breach or threatened breach.
##### 108B
- (1) The Certification Officer may refuse to accept an application under section 108A unless he is satisfied that the applicant has taken all reasonable steps to resolve the claim by the use of any internal complaints procedure of the union.
- (2) If he accepts an application under section 108A the Certification Officer—
- (a) shall make such enquiries as he thinks fit,
- (b) shall give the applicant and the union an opportunity to be heard,
- (c) shall ensure that, so far as is reasonably practicable, the application is determined within six months of being made,
- (d) may make or refuse the declaration asked for, and
- (e) shall, whether he makes or refuses the declaration, give reasons for his decision in writing.
- (3) Where the Certification Officer makes a declaration he shall also, unless he considers that to do so would be inappropriate, make an enforcement order, that is, an order imposing on the union one or both of the following requirements—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the breach, or withdraw the threat of a breach, as may be specified in the order;
- (b) to abstain from such acts as may be so specified with a view to securing that a breach or threat of the same or a similar kind does not occur in future.
- (4) The Certification Officer shall in an order imposing any such requirement as is mentioned in subsection (3)(a) specify the period within which the union is to comply with the requirement.
- (5) Where the Certification Officer requests a person to furnish information to him in connection with enquiries made by him under this section, he shall specify the date by which that information is to be furnished and, unless he considers that it would be inappropriate to do so, shall proceed with his determination of the application notwithstanding that the information has not been furnished to him by the specified date.
- (6) A declaration made by the Certification Officer under this section may be relied on as if it were a declaration made by the court.
- (7) Where an enforcement order has been made, any person who is a member of the union and was a member at the time it was made is entitled to enforce obedience to the order as if he had made the application on which the order was made.
- (8) An enforcement order made by the Certification Officer under this section may be enforced in the same way as an order of the court.
- (9) An order under section 108A(2)(e) may provide that, in relation to an application under section 108A with regard to a prescribed matter, the preceding provisions of this section shall apply with such omissions or modifications as may be specified in the order; and a prescribed matter is such matter specified under section 108A(2)(e) as is prescribed under this subsection.
##### 108C
An appeal lies to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any question of law arising in proceedings before or arising from any decision of the Certification Officer under this Chapter.
### Union modernisation
##### 116A
- (1) The Secretary of State may provide money to a trade union to enable or assist it to do any or all of the following—
- (a) improve the carrying out of any of its existing functions;
- (b) prepare to carry out any new function;
- (c) increase the range of services it offers to persons who are or may become members of it;
- (d) prepare for an amalgamation or the transfer of any or all of its engagements;
- (e) ballot its members (whether as a result of a requirement imposed by this Act or otherwise).
- (2) No money shall be provided to a trade union under this section unless at the time when the money is provided the union has a certificate of independence.
- (3) Money may be provided in such a way as the Secretary of State thinks fit (whether as grants or otherwise) and on such terms as he thinks fit (whether as to repayment or otherwise).
- (4) If money is provided to a trade union under this section, the terms on which it is so provided shall be deemed to include a prohibition (“a political fund prohibition”) on any of it being added to the political fund of the union.
- (5) If a political fund prohibition is contravened, the Secretary of State—
- (a) is entitled to recover from the trade union as a debt due to him an amount equal to the amount of money added to the union’s political fund in contravention of the prohibition (whether or not that money continues to form part of the political fund); and
- (b) must take such steps as are reasonably practicable to recover that amount.
- (6) An amount recoverable under subsection (5) is a liability of the trade union’s political fund.
- (7) Subsection (5) does not prevent money provided to a trade union under this section from being provided on terms containing further sanctions for a contravention of the political fund prohibition.
### Inducements
##### 145A
- (1) A worker has the right not to have an offer made to him by his employer for the sole or main purpose of inducing the worker—
- (a) not to be or seek to become a member of an independent trade union,
- (b) not to take part, at an appropriate time, in the activities of an independent trade union,
- (c) not to make use, at an appropriate time, of trade union services, or
- (d) to be or become a member of any trade union or of a particular trade union or of one of a number of particular trade unions.
- (2) In subsection (1) “*an appropriate time*” means—
- (a) a time outside the worker’s working hours, or
- (b) a time within his working hours at which, in accordance with arrangements agreed with or consent given by his employer, it is permissible for him to take part in the activities of a trade union or (as the case may be) make use of trade union services.
- (3) In subsection (2) “*working hours*”, in relation to a worker, means any time when, in accordance with his contract of employment (or other contract personally to do work or perform services), he is required to be at work.
- (4) In subsections (1) and (2)—
- (a) “*trade union services*” means services made available to the worker by an independent trade union by virtue of his membership of the union, and
- (b) references to a worker’s “making use” of trade union services include his consenting to the raising of a matter on his behalf by an independent trade union of which he is a member.
- (5) A worker or former worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal on the ground that his employer has made him an offer in contravention of this section.
#### Inducements relating to collective bargaining
##### 145B
- (1) A worker who is a member of an independent trade union which is recognised, or seeking to be recognised, by his employer has the right not to have an offer made to him by his employer if—
- (a) acceptance of the offer, together with other workers' acceptance of offers which the employer also makes to them, would have the prohibited result, and
- (b) the employer’s sole or main purpose in making the offers is to achieve that result.
- (2) The prohibited result is that the workers' terms of employment, or any of those terms, will not (or will no longer) be determined by collective agreement negotiated by or on behalf of the union.
- (3) It is immaterial for the purposes of subsection (1) whether the offers are made to the workers simultaneously.
- (4) Having terms of employment determined by collective agreement shall not be regarded for the purposes of section 145A (or section 146 or 152) as making use of a trade union service.
- (5) A worker or former worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal on the ground that his employer has made him an offer in contravention of this section.
##### 145C
An employment tribunal shall not consider a complaint under section 145A or 145B unless it is presented—
- (a) before the end of the period of three months beginning with the date when the offer was made or, where the offer is part of a series of similar offers to the complainant, the date when the last of them was made, or
- (a) a change in the organisation or structure of the business carried on by the employer;
- (b) a change in the activities pursued by the employer in the course of the business carried on by him;
- (c) a substantial change in the number of workers employed in the original unit.
##### 68
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 66.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 67 and 92.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible —
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 69
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, and
- (b) before the end of the first period the parties agree a bargaining unit or units (the new unit or units) differing from the original unit and inform the CAC of their agreement.
- (2) If in the CAC’s opinion the new unit (or any of the new units) contains at least one worker falling within an outside bargaining unit no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (3) If sub-paragraph (2) does not apply—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit or units;
- (b) so far as it affects workers in the new unit (or units) who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (c) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit or units, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
- (4) The first period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree and notify to the CAC.
- (5) An outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
##### 70
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, and
- (b) the parties do not inform the CAC before the end of the first period that they have agreed a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit.
- (2) During the second period—
- (a) the CAC must decide whether or not the original unit continues to be an appropriate bargaining unit;
- (b) if the CAC decides that the original unit does not so continue, it must decide what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate;
- (c) the CAC must give notice to the parties of its decision or decisions under paragraphs (a) and (b).
- (3) In deciding whether or not the original unit continues to be an appropriate bargaining unit the CAC must take into account only these matters—
- (a) any change in the organisation or structure of the business carried on by the employer;
- (b) any change in the activities pursued by the employer in the course of the business carried on by him;
- (c) any substantial change in the number of workers employed in the original unit.
- (4) In deciding what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate the CAC must take these matters into account—
- (a) the need for the unit or units to be compatible with effective management;
- (b) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (5), so far as they do not conflict with that need.
- (5) The matters are—
- (a) the views of the employer and of the union (or unions);
- (b) existing national and local bargaining arrangements;
- (c) the desirability of avoiding small fragmented bargaining units within an undertaking;
- (d) the characteristics of workers falling within the original unit and of any other employees of the employer whom the CAC considers relevant;
- (e) the location of workers.
- (6) If the CAC decides that two or more bargaining units are appropriate its decision must be such that no worker falls within more than one of them.
- (7) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 71
If the CAC gives notice under paragraph 70 of a decision that the original unit continues to be an appropriate bargaining unit no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
##### 72
Paragraph 82 applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 70 of—
- (a) a decision that the original unit is no longer an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (b) a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
##### 73
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the parties agree under paragraph 69 a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit,
- (b) paragraph 69(2) does not apply, and
- (c) at least one worker falling within the original unit does not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units).
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to the worker or workers mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c), are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
### Employer believes unit has ceased to exist
##### 74
- (1) If the employer—
- (a) believes that the original unit has ceased to exist, and
- (b) wishes the bargaining arrangements to cease to have effect,
he must give the union (or each of the unions) a notice complying with sub-paragraph (2) and must give a copy of the notice to the CAC.
- (2) A notice complies with this sub-paragraph if it—
- (a) identifies the unit and the bargaining arrangements,
- (b) states the date on which the notice is given,
- (c) states that the unit has ceased to exist, and
- (d) states that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date which is specified in the notice and which falls after the end of the period of 35 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given.
- (3) Within the validation period the CAC must decide whether the notice complies with sub-paragraph (2).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the notice does not comply with sub-paragraph (2)—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the employer’s notice shall be treated as not having been given.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the notice complies with sub-paragraph (2) it must give the parties notice of the decision.
- (6) The bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the date specified under sub-paragraph (2)(d) if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under sub-paragraph (5), and
- (b) the union does not (or unions do not) apply to the CAC under paragraph 75.
- (7) The validation period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the copy of the notice, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 75
- (1) Paragraph 76 applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 74(5), and
- (b) within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given the union makes (or unions make) an application to the CAC for a decision on the questions specified in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The questions are—
- (a) whether the original unit has ceased to exist;
- (b) whether the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in sub-paragraph (3).
- (3) The matters are—
- (a) a change in the organisation or structure of the business carried on by the employer;
- (b) a change in the activities pursued by the employer in the course of the business carried on by him;
- (c) a substantial change in the number of workers employed in the original unit.
##### 76
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 75.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraph 92.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 77
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application it—
- (a) must give the employer and the union (or unions) an opportunity to put their views on the questions in relation to which the application was made;
- (b) must decide the questions before the end of the decision period.
- (2) If the CAC decides that the original unit has ceased to exist—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the termination date.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the original unit has not ceased to exist, and that it is not the case that the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in paragraph 75(3)—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the employer’s notice shall be treated as not having been given.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the original unit has not ceased to exist, and that the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in paragraph 75(3), the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision.
- (5) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (6) The termination date is the later of—
- (a) the date specified under paragraph 74(2)(d), and
- (b) the day after the last day of the decision period.
##### 78
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 77(4), and
- (b) before the end of the first period the parties agree a bargaining unit or units (the new unit or units) differing from the original unit and inform the CAC of their agreement.
- (2) If in the CAC’s opinion the new unit (or any of the new units) contains at least one worker falling within an outside bargaining unit no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (3) If sub-paragraph (2) does not apply—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit or units;
- (b) so far as it affects workers in the new unit (or units) who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (c) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit or units, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
- (4) The first period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice under paragraph 77(4), or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree and notify to the CAC.
- (5) An outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
##### 79
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 77(4), and
- (b) the parties do not inform the CAC before the end of the first period that they have agreed a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit.
- (2) During the second period the CAC—
- (a) must decide what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate;
- (b) must give notice of its decision to the parties.
- (3) In deciding what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate, the CAC must take these matters into account—
- (a) the need for the unit or units to be compatible with effective management;
- (b) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (4), so far as they do not conflict with that need.
- (4) The matters are—
- (a) the views of the employer and of the union (or unions);
- (b) existing national and local bargaining arrangements;
- (c) the desirability of avoiding small fragmented bargaining units within an undertaking;
- (d) the characteristics of workers falling within the original unit and of any other employees of the employer whom the CAC considers relevant;
- (e) the location of workers.
- (5) If the CAC decides that two or more bargaining units are appropriate its decision must be such that no worker falls within more than one of them.
- (6) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 80
Paragraph 82 applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 79 of a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
##### 81
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the parties agree under paragraph 78 a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit,
- (b) paragraph 78(2) does not apply, and
- (c) at least one worker falling within the original unit does not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units).
- (2) In such a case —
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to the worker or workers mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c), are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
### Position where CAC decides new unit
##### 82
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 70 of—
- (a) a decision that the original unit is no longer an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (b) a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 79 of a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
- (3) The CAC—
- (a) must proceed as stated in paragraphs 83 to 89 with regard to the appropriate unit (if there is one only), or
- (b) must proceed as stated in paragraphs 83 to 89 with regard to each appropriate unit separately (if there are two or more).
- (4) References in those paragraphs to the new unit are to the appropriate unit under consideration.
##### 83
- (1) This paragraph applies if in the CAC’s opinion the new unit contains at least one worker falling within a statutory outside bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the relevant bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the relevant bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (3) The relevant bargaining arrangements are—
- (a) the bargaining arrangements relating to the original unit, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements relating to each statutory outside bargaining unit containing workers who fall within the new unit.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements relating to the original unit are the bargaining arrangements as defined in paragraph 64.
- (5) The bargaining arrangements relating to an outside unit are—
- (a) the declaration recognising a union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the outside unit, and
- (b) the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method.
- (6) For this purpose the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) any agreement by the employer and the union (or unions) as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the outside unit,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the outside unit, or
- (c) any provision of this Part of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect with regard to the outside unit.
- (7) A statutory outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf by virtue of a declaration of the CAC;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
- (8) The date specified under sub-paragraph (2)(a) must be—
- (a) the date on which the relevant period expires, or
- (b) if the CAC believes that to maintain the relevant bargaining arrangements would be impracticable or contrary to the interests of good industrial relations, the date after the date on which the declaration is issued;
and the relevant period is the period of 65 working days starting with the day after that on which the declaration is issued.
##### 84
- (1) This paragraph applies if in the CAC’s opinion the new unit contains—
- (a) at least one worker falling within a voluntary outside bargaining unit, but
- (b) no worker falling within a statutory outside bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the original bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the original bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (3) The original bargaining arrangements are the bargaining arrangements as defined in paragraph 64.
- (4) A voluntary outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf by virtue of an agreement with the employer;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
- (5) The date specified under sub-paragraph (2)(a) must be—
- (a) the date on which the relevant period expires, or
- (b) if the CAC believes that to maintain the original bargaining arrangements would be impracticable or contrary to the interests of good industrial relations, the date after the date on which the declaration is issued;
and the relevant period is the period of 65 working days starting with the day after that on which the declaration is issued.
##### 85
- (1) If the CAC’s opinion is not that mentioned in paragraph 83(1) or 84(1) it must—
- (a) decide whether the difference between the original unit and the new unit is such that the support of the union (or unions) within the new unit needs to be assessed, and
- (b) inform the parties of its decision.
- (2) If the CAC’s decision is that such support does not need to be assessed—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit;
- (b) so far as it affects workers in the new unit who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (c) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
##### 86
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC decides under paragraph 85(1) that the support of the union (or unions) within the new unit needs to be assessed.
- (2) The CAC must decide these questions—
- (a) whether members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the new unit;
- (b) whether a majority of the workers constituting the new unit would be likely to favour recognition of the union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit.
- (3) If the CAC decides one or both of the questions in the negative—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
##### 87
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides both the questions in paragraph 86(2) in the affirmative, and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the new unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the new unit.
- (3) But if any of the three qualifying conditions is fulfilled, instead of issuing a declaration under sub-paragraph (2) the CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the new unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) These are the three qualifying conditions—
- (a) the CAC is satisfied that a ballot should be held in the interests of good industrial relations;
- (b) the CAC has evidence, which it considers to be credible, from a significant number of the union members within the new bargaining unit that they do not want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf;
- (c) membership evidence is produced which leads the CAC to conclude that there are doubts whether a significant number of the union members within the new unit want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (4)(c) membership evidence is—
- (a) evidence about the circumstances in which union members became members;
- (b) evidence about the length of time for which union members have been members, in a case where the CAC is satisfied that such evidence should be taken into account.
- (6) If the CAC issues a declaration under sub-paragraph (2)—
- (a) so far as it affects workers in the new unit who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (b) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
##### 88
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides both the questions in paragraph 86(2) in the affirmative, and
- (b) the CAC is not satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the new unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the new unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
##### 89
- (1) If the CAC gives notice under paragraph 87(3) or 88(2) the union (or unions) may within the notification period notify the CAC that the union does not (or unions do not) want the CAC to arrange for the holding of the ballot; and the notification period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the union (or last of the unions) receives the CAC’s notice.
- (2) If the CAC is so notified—
- (a) it must not arrange for the holding of the ballot,
- (b) it must inform the parties that it will not arrange for the holding of the ballot, and why,
- (c) it must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by it in the declaration, and
- (d) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (3) If the CAC is not so notified it must arrange for the holding of the ballot.
- (4) Paragraph 25 applies if the CAC arranges under this paragraph for the holding of a ballot (as well as if the CAC arranges under paragraph 24 for the holding of a ballot).
- (5) Paragraphs 26 to 29 apply accordingly, but as if—
- (a) references to the bargaining unit were references to the new unit, and
- (b) paragraph 26(4F) to (4H), and the references in paragraph 26(4) and (6) to paragraph 19D, were omitted.
- (6) If as a result of the ballot the CAC issues a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit—
- (a) so far as it affects workers in the new unit who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (b) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
- (7) If as a result of the ballot the CAC issues a declaration that the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit—
- (a) the CAC must state in the declaration the date on which the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (8) Paragraphs (a) and (b) of sub-paragraph (6) also apply if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 27(2) or 27D(3).
- (9) Paragraphs (a) and (b) of sub-paragraph (7) also apply if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 27D(4).
### Residual workers
##### 90
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides an appropriate bargaining unit or units under paragraph 70 or 79, and
- (b) at least one worker falling within the original unit does not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units).
- (2) In such a case —
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to the worker or workers mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(b), are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
##### 91
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC has proceeded as stated in paragraphs 83 to 89 with regard to the new unit (if there is one only) or with regard to each new unit (if there are two or more), and
- (b) in so doing the CAC has issued one or more declarations under paragraph 83.
- (2) The CAC must—
- (a) consider each declaration issued under paragraph 83, and
- (b) in relation to each declaration, identify each statutory outside bargaining unit which contains at least one worker who also falls within the new unit to which the declaration relates;
and in this paragraph each statutory outside bargaining unit so identified is referred to as a parent unit.
- (3) The CAC must then—
- (a) consider each parent unit, and
- (b) in relation to each parent unit, identify any workers who fall within the parent unit but who do not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units);
and in this paragraph the workers so identified in relation to a parent unit are referred to as a residual unit.
- (4) In relation to each residual unit, the CAC must issue a declaration that the outside union is (or outside unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf.
- (5) But no such declaration shall be issued in relation to a residual unit if the CAC has received an application under paragraph 66 or 75 in relation to its parent unit.
- (6) In this paragraph references to the outside union (or to outside unions) in relation to a residual unit are to the union which is (or unions which are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of its parent unit.
- (7) If the CAC issues a declaration under sub-paragraph (4)—
- (a) the declaration shall have effect in place of the existing declaration that the outside union is (or outside unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the parent unit, so far as the existing declaration relates to the residual unit;
- (b) if there is a method of collective bargaining relating to the parent unit, it shall have effect in relation to the residual unit with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
### Applications under this Part
##### 92
- (1) An application to the CAC under this Part of this Schedule is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application which is made by a union (or unions) to the CAC under this Part of this Schedule is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
- (3) An application which is made by an employer to the CAC under this Part of this Schedule is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
### Withdrawal of application
##### 93
- (1) If an application under paragraph 66 or 75 is accepted by the CAC, the applicant (or applicants) may not withdraw the application—
- (a) after the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 69(3) or 78(3),
- (b) after the CAC decides under paragraph 77(2) or 77(3),
- (c) after the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 83(2), 85(2), 86(3) or 87(2) in relation to the new unit (where there is only one) or a declaration under any of those paragraphs in relation to any of the new units (where there is more than one),
- (d) after the union has (or unions have) notified the CAC under paragraph 89(1) in relation to the new unit (where there is only one) or any of the new units (where there is more than one), or
- (e) after the end of the notification period referred to in paragraph 89(1) and relating to the new unit (where there is only one) or any of the new units (where there is more than one).
- (2) If an application is withdrawn by the applicant (or applicants)—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of the withdrawal to the other party (or parties), and
- (b) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
### Meaning of collective bargaining
##### 94
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) Except in relation to paragraphs 69(5), 78(5) and 83(6), the meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply.
- (3) In relation to a new unit references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the matters which were the subject of collective bargaining in relation to the corresponding original unit; and the corresponding original unit is the unit which was the subject of an application under paragraph 66 or 75 in consequence of which the new unit was agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC.
- (4) But if the parties agree matters as the subject of collective bargaining in relation to the new unit, references to collective bargaining in relation to that unit are to negotiations relating to the agreed matters; and this is the case whether the agreement is made before or after the time when the CAC issues a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit.
- (5) In relation to a residual unit in relation to which a declaration is issued under paragraph 91, references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the matters which were the subject of collective bargaining in relation to the corresponding parent unit.
- (6) In construing paragraphs 69(3)(c), 78(3)(c), 85(2)(c), 87(6)(b) and 89(6)(b)—
- (a) sub-paragraphs (3) and (4) do not apply, and
- (b) references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to pay, hours and holidays.
### Method of collective bargaining
##### 95
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) Where a method of collective bargaining has effect in relation to a new unit, that method shall have effect as if it were contained in a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (3) But if the parties agree in writing—
- (a) that sub-paragraph (2) shall not apply, or shall not apply to particular parts of the method, or
- (b) to vary or replace the method,
the written agreement shall have effect as a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (4) Specific performance shall be the only remedy available for breach of anything which is a legally enforceable contract by virtue of this paragraph.
## Part IV — Derecognition: General
### Introduction
##### 96
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if the CAC has issued a declaration that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to the declaration and to the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method.
- (3) For this purpose the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) the parties’ agreement as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted, or
- (c) any provision of Part III of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect.
##### 97
For the purposes of this Part of this Schedule the relevant date is the date of the expiry of the period of 3 years starting with the date of the CAC’s declaration.
##### 98
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Employer employs fewer than 21 workers
##### 99
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the employer believes that he, taken with any associated employer or employers, employed an average of fewer than 21 workers in any period of 13 weeks, and
- (b) that period ends on or after the relevant date.
- (2) If the employer wishes the bargaining arrangements to cease to have effect, he must give the union (or each of the unions) a notice complying with sub-paragraph (3) and must give a copy of the notice to the CAC.
- (3) A notice complies with this sub-paragraph if it—
- (za) is not invalidated by paragraph 99A,
- (a) identifies the bargaining arrangements,
- (b) specifies the period of 13 weeks in question,
- (c) states the date on which the notice is given,
- (d) is given within the period of 5 working days starting with the day after the last day of the specified period of 13 weeks,
- (e) states that the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, employed an average of fewer than 21 workers in the specified period of 13 weeks, and
- (f) states that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date which is specified in the notice and which falls after the end of the period of 35 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given.
- (4) To find the average number of workers employed by the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, in the specified period of 13 weeks—
- (a) take the number of workers employed in each of the 13 weeks (including workers not employed for the whole of the week);
- (b) aggregate the 13 numbers;
- (c) divide the aggregate by 13.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(a) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored in relation to a week unless the whole or any part of that week fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (6) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (5) a worker who is employed on board a ship registered in the register maintained under section 8 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 shall be treated as ordinarily working in Great Britain unless—
- (a) the ship’s entry in the register specifies a port outside Great Britain as the port to which the vessel is to be treated as belonging,
- (b) the employment is wholly outside Great Britain, or
- (c) the worker is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain.
- (7) An order made under paragraph 7(6) may also—
- (a) provide that sub-paragraphs (1) to (6) of this paragraph and paragraphs 99A to 103 are not to apply, or are not to apply in specified circumstances, or
- (b) vary the number of workers for the time being specified in sub-paragraphs (1)(a) and (3)(e).
##### 99A
- (1) A notice given for the purposes of paragraph 99(2) (“the notice in question”) is invalidated by this paragraph if—
- (a) a relevant application was made, or an earlier notice under paragraph 99(2) was given, within the period of 3 years prior to the date when the notice in question was given,
- (b) the relevant application, or that earlier notice, and the notice in question relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application or (as the case may be) decided under paragraph 100 that the earlier notice under paragraph 99(2) complied with paragraph 99(3).
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (b) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 100
- (1) If an employer gives notice for the purposes of paragraph 99(2), within the validation period the CAC must decide whether the notice complies with paragraph 99(3).
- (2) If the CAC decides that the notice does not comply with paragraph 99(3)—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the employer’s notice shall be treated as not having been given.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the notice complies with paragraph 99(3) it must give the parties notice of the decision.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the date specified under paragraph 99(3)(f) if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under sub-paragraph (3), and
- (b) the union does not (or unions do not) apply to the CAC under paragraph 101.
- (5) The validation period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the copy of the notice, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 101
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 100(3), and
- (b) within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given, the union makes (or unions make) an application to the CAC for a decision whether the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) ends on or after the relevant date and whether the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is correct.
- (2) An application is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (3) An application is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
- (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
##### 102
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 101.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraph 101.
- (3) In deciding whether an application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application,
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule, and
- (d) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the date specified under paragraph 99(3)(f).
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 103
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application it—
- (a) must give the employer and the union (or unions) an opportunity to put their views on the questions whether the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) ends on or after the relevant date and whether the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is correct;
- (b) must decide the questions within the decision period and must give reasons for the decision.
- (2) If the CAC decides that the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) ends on or after the relevant date and that the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is correct the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the termination date.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) does not end on or after the relevant date or that the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is not correct, the notice under paragraph 99 shall be treated as not having been given.
- (3A) Sub-paragraph (3) does not prevent the notice from being treated for the purposes of the provisions mentioned in sub-paragraph (3B) as having been given.
- (3B) Those provisions are—
- (a) paragraphs 109(1), 113(1) and 130(1);
- (b) paragraph 99A(1) in its application to a later notice given for the purposes of paragraph 99(2).
- (4) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (5) The termination date is the later of—
- (a) the date specified under paragraph 99(3)(f), and
- (b) the day after the last day of the decision period.
### Employer’s request to end arrangements
##### 104
- (1) This paragraph and paragraphs 105 to 111 apply if after the relevant date the employer requests the union (or each of the unions) to agree to end the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The request is not valid unless it—
- (a) is in writing,
- (b) is received by the union (or each of the unions),
- (c) identifies the bargaining arrangements, and
- (d) states that it is made under this Schedule.
##### 105
- (1) If before the end of the first period the parties agree to end the bargaining arrangements no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) Sub-paragraph (3) applies if before the end of the first period—
- (a) the union informs the employer that the union does not accept the request but is willing to negotiate, or
- (b) the unions inform the employer that the unions do not accept the request but are willing to negotiate.
- (3) The parties may conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements.
- (4) If such an agreement is made before the end of the second period no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) The employer and the union (or unions) may request ACAS to assist in conducting the negotiations.
- (6) The first period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after—
- (a) the day on which the union receives the request, or
- (b) the last day on which any of the unions receives the request.
- (7) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
##### 106
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) before the end of the first period the union fails (or unions fail) to respond to the request, or
- (b) before the end of the first period the union informs the employer that it does not (or unions inform the employer that they do not) accept the request (without indicating a willingness to negotiate).
- (2) The employer may apply to the CAC for the holding of a secret ballot to decide whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
##### 107
- (1) This paragraph applies if —
- (a) the union informs (or unions inform) the employer under paragraph 105(2), and
- (b) no agreement is made before the end of the second period.
- (2) The employer may apply to the CAC for the holding of a secret ballot to decide whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (3) But no application may be made if within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the union informs (or unions inform) the employer under paragraph 105(2) the union proposes (or unions propose) that ACAS be requested to assist in conducting the negotiations and—
- (a) the employer rejects the proposal, or
- (b) the employer fails to accept the proposal within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the union makes (or unions make) the proposal.
##### 108
- (1) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 109
- (1) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible if—
- (a) a relevant application was made , or a notice under paragraph 99(2) was given, within the period of 3 years prior to the date of the application under paragraph 106 or 107,
- (b) the relevant application , or notice under paragraph 99(2), and the application under paragraph 106 or 107 relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application or (as the case may be) decided under paragraph 100 that the notice complied with paragraph 99(3).
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (b) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (c) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 110
- (1) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit favour an end of the bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit would be likely to favour an end of the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 111
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 106 or 107.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether—
- (a) the request is valid within the terms of paragraph 104, and
- (b) the application is made in accordance with paragraph 106 or 107 and admissible within the terms of paragraphs 108 to 110.
- (3) In deciding those questions the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the request is not valid or the application is not made in accordance with paragraph 106 or 107 or is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the request is valid and the application is made in accordance with paragraph 106 or 107 and is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
### Workers’ application to end arrangements
##### 112
- (1) A worker or workers falling within the bargaining unit may after the relevant date apply to the CAC to have the bargaining arrangements ended.
- (2) An application is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (3) An application is not admissible unless the worker gives (or workers give) to the employer and to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 113
- (1) An application under paragraph 112 is not admissible if—
- (a) a relevant application was made , or a notice under paragraph 99(2) was given, within the period of 3 years prior to the date of the application under paragraph 112,
- (b) the relevant application , or notice under paragraph 99(2), and the application under paragraph 112 relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application or (as the case may be) decided under paragraph 100 that the notice complied with paragraph 99(3).
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (b) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (c) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 114
- (1) An application under paragraph 112 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit favour an end of the bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit would be likely to favour an end of the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 115
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) of receipt of an application under paragraph 112.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 112 to 114.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer, the union (or unions) or any of the workers falling within the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions),
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 116
- (1) If the CAC accepts the application, in the negotiation period the CAC must help the employer, the union (or unions) and the worker (or workers) with a view to—
- (a) the employer and the union (or unions) agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements, or
- (b) the worker (or workers) withdrawing the application.
- (2) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
### Ballot on derecognition
##### 117
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 106 or 107.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 112, and
- (b) in the period mentioned in paragraph 116(1) there is no agreement or withdrawal as there described.
- (3) The CAC must arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (4) The ballot must be conducted by a qualified independent person appointed by the CAC.
- (5) The ballot must be conducted within—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the qualified independent person is appointed, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide.
- (6) The ballot must be conducted—
- (a) at a workplace or workplaces decided by the CAC,
- (b) by post, or
- (c) by a combination of the methods described in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b),
depending on the CAC’s preference.
- (7) In deciding how the ballot is to be conducted the CAC must take into account—
- (a) the likelihood of the ballot being affected by unfairness or malpractice if it were conducted at a workplace or workplaces;
- (b) costs and practicality;
- (c) such other matters as the CAC considers appropriate.
- (8) The CAC may not decide that the ballot is to be conducted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (6)(c) unless there are special factors making such a decision appropriate; and special factors include—
- (a) factors arising from the location of workers or the nature of their employment;
- (b) factors put to the CAC by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (8A) If the CAC decides that the ballot must (in whole or in part) be conducted at a workplace (or workplaces), it may require arrangements to be made for workers—
- (a) who (but for the arrangements) would be prevented by the CAC’s decision from voting by post, and
- (b) who are unable, for reasons relating to those workers as individuals, to cast their votes in the ballot at the workplace (or at any of them),
to be given the opportunity (if they request it far enough in advance of the ballot for this to be practicable) to vote by post; and the CAC’s imposing such a requirement is not to be treated for the purposes of sub-paragraph (8) as a decision that the ballot be conducted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (6)(c).
- (9) A person is a qualified independent person if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of this paragraph by order of the Secretary of State or is himself so specified, and
- (b) there are no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the ballot might reasonably be called into question.
- (10) An order under sub-paragraph (9)(a) shall be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
- (11) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is required under sub-paragraph (3) to arrange for the holding of a ballot it must inform the employer and the union (or unions)—
- (a) that it is so required;
- (b) of the name of the person appointed to conduct the ballot and the date of his appointment;
- (c) of the period within which the ballot must be conducted;
- (d) whether the ballot is to be conducted by post or at a workplace or workplaces;
- (e) of the workplace or workplaces concerned (if the ballot is to be conducted at a workplace or workplaces).
##### 118
- (1) An employer who is informed by the CAC under paragraph 117(11) must comply with the following three duties.
- (2) The first duty is to co-operate generally, in connection with the ballot, with the union (or unions) and the person appointed to conduct the ballot; and the second and third duties are not to prejudice the generality of this.
- (3) The second duty is to give to the union (or unions) such access to the workers constituting the bargaining unit as is reasonable to enable the union (or unions) to inform the workers of the object of the ballot and to seek their support and their opinions on the issues involved.
- (4) The third duty is to do the following (so far as it is reasonable to expect the employer to do so)—
- (a) to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer is informed under paragraph 117(11), the names and home addresses of the workers constituting the bargaining unit;
- (b) to give to the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, the name and home address of any worker who joins the unit after the employer has complied with paragraph (a);
- (c) to inform the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, of any worker whose name has been given to the CAC under paragraph (a) or (b) but who ceases to be within the unit.
- (5) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC receives any information under sub-paragraph (4) it must pass it on to the person appointed to conduct the ballot.
- (6) If asked to do so by the union (or unions) the person appointed to conduct the ballot must send to any worker—
- (a) whose name and home address have been given under sub-paragraph (5), and
- (b) who is still within the unit (so far as the person so appointed is aware),
any information supplied by the union (or unions) to the person so appointed.
- (7) The duty under sub-paragraph (6) does not apply unless the union bears (or unions bear) the cost of sending the information.
- (8) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about reasonable access for the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 119
- (1) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to fulfil any of the three duties imposed by paragraph 118, and the ballot has not been held, the CAC may order the employer—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the failure as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order, and
- (b) to do so within such period as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order.
- (2) If—
- (a) the ballot has been arranged in consequence of an application under paragraph 106 or 107,
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with an order under sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the ballot has not been held,
the CAC may refuse the application.
- (3) If—
- (a) the ballot has been arranged in consequence of an application under paragraph 112, and
- (b) the ballot has not been held,
an order under sub-paragraph (1), on being recorded in the county court, may be enforced in the same way as an order of that court.
- (4) If the CAC refuses an application under sub-paragraph (2) it shall take steps to cancel the holding of the ballot; and if the ballot is held it shall have no effect.
##### 119A
- (1) Each of the parties informed by the CAC under paragraph 117(11) must refrain from using any unfair practice.
- (2) A party uses an unfair practice if, with a view to influencing the result of the ballot, the party—
- (a) offers to pay money or give money’s worth to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot in return for the worker’s agreement to vote in a particular way or to abstain from voting,
- (b) makes an outcome-specific offer to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot,
- (c) coerces or attempts to coerce a worker entitled to vote in the ballot to disclose—
- (i) whether he intends to vote or to abstain from voting in the ballot, or
- (ii) how he intends to vote, or how he has voted, in the ballot,
- (d) dismisses or threatens to dismiss a worker,
- (e) takes or threatens to take disciplinary action against a worker,
- (f) subjects or threatens to subject a worker to any other detriment, or
- (g) uses or attempts to use undue influence on a worker entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b) an “outcome-specific offer” is an offer to pay money or give money’s worth which—
- (a) is conditional on—
- (i) the issuing by the CAC of a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect, or
- (ii) the refusal by the CAC of an application under paragraph 106, 107 or 112, and
- (b) is not conditional on anything which is done or occurs as a result of that declaration or, as the case may be, of that refusal.
- (4) The duty imposed by this paragraph does not confer any rights on a worker; but that does not affect any other right which a worker may have.
- (5) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about unfair practices for the purposes of this paragraph—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 119B
- (1) A party may complain to the CAC that another party has failed to comply with paragraph 119A.
- (2) A complaint under sub-paragraph (1) must be made on or before the first working day after—
- (a) the date of the ballot, or
- (b) if votes may be cast in the ballot on more than one day, the last of those days.
- (3) Within the decision period the CAC must decide whether the complaint is well-founded.
- (4) A complaint is well-founded if—
- (a) the CAC finds that the party complained against used an unfair practice, and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that the use of that practice changed or was likely to change, in the case of a worker entitled to vote in the ballot—
- (i) his intention to vote or to abstain from voting,
- (ii) his intention to vote in a particular way, or
- (iii) how he voted.
- (5) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the complaint under sub-paragraph (1) was received by the CAC, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by a notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (6) If, at the beginning of the decision period, the ballot has not begun, the CAC may by notice to the parties and the qualified independent person postpone the date on which it is to begin until a date which falls after the end of the decision period.
##### 119C
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC decides that a complaint under paragraph 119B is well-founded.
- (2) The CAC must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, issue a declaration to that effect.
- (3) The CAC may do either or both of the following—
- (a) order the party concerned to take any action specified in the order within such period as may be so specified, or
- (b) make arrangements for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (4) The CAC may give an order or make arrangements under sub-paragraph (3) either at the same time as it issues the declaration under sub-paragraph (2) or at any other time before it acts under paragraph 121.
- (5) The action specified in an order under sub-paragraph (3)(a) shall be such as the CAC considers reasonable in order to mitigate the effect of the failure of the party complained against to comply with the duty imposed by paragraph 119A.
- (6) The CAC may give more than one order under sub-paragraph (3)(a).
##### 119D
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 119C(2) and the declaration states that the unfair practice used consisted of or included—
- (a) the use of violence, or
- (b) the dismissal of a union official.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC has made an order under paragraph 119C(3)(a) and—
- (a) it is satisfied that the party subject to the order has failed to comply with it, or
- (b) it makes another declaration under paragraph 119C(2) in relation to a complaint against that party.
- (3) If the party concerned is the employer, the CAC may refuse the employer’s application under paragraph 106 or 107.
- (4) If the party concerned is a union, the CAC may issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (5) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (4) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (6) The powers conferred by this paragraph are in addition to those conferred by paragraph 119C(3).
##### 119E
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration that a complaint under paragraph 119B is well-founded and—
- (a) makes arrangements under paragraph 119C(3)(b),
- (b) refuses under paragraph 119D(3) or 119H(6) an application under paragraph 106, 107 or 112, or
- (c) issues a declaration under paragraph 119D(4) or 119H(5).
- (2) If the ballot in connection with which the complaint was made has not been held, the CAC shall take steps to cancel it.
- (3) If that ballot is held, it shall have no effect.
##### 119F
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC makes arrangements under paragraph 119C(3)(b).
- (2) Paragraphs 117(4) to (11) and 118 to 121 apply in relation to those arrangements as they apply in relation to arrangements made under paragraph 117(3) but with the modifications specified in sub-paragraphs (3) to (5).
- (3) An employer’s duty under paragraph (a) of paragraph 118(4) is limited to—
- (a) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of any workers in the bargaining unit which have not previously been given to it in accordance with that duty;
- (b) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of those workers who have joined the bargaining unit since he last gave the CAC information in accordance with that duty;
- (c) informing the CAC of any change to the name or home address of a worker whose name and home address have previously been given to the CAC in accordance with that duty; and
- (d) informing the CAC of any worker whose name had previously been given to it in accordance with that duty who has ceased to be within the bargaining unit.
- (4) Any order given under paragraph 119(1) or 119C(3)(a) for the purposes of the cancelled or ineffectual ballot shall have effect (to the extent that the CAC specifies in a notice to the parties) as if it were made for the purposes of the ballot for which arrangements are made under paragraph 119C(3)(b).
- (5) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne by such of the parties and in such proportions as the CAC may determine and, accordingly, sub-paragraphs (2) and (3) of paragraph 120 shall be omitted and the reference in sub-paragraph (4) of that paragraph to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) shall be construed as a reference to the party or parties which bear the costs in accordance with the CAC’s determination.
##### 119G
- (1) Paragraphs 119A to 119C, 119E and 119F apply in relation to an application under paragraph 112 as they apply in relation to an application under paragraph 106 or 107 but with the modifications specified in this paragraph.
- (2) References in those paragraphs (and, accordingly, in paragraph 119H(3)) to a party shall be read as including references to the applicant worker or workers; but this is subject to sub-paragraph (3).
- (3) The reference in paragraph 119A(1) to a party informed under paragraph 117(11) shall be read as including a reference to the applicant worker or workers.
##### 119H
- (1) This paragraph applies in relation to an application under paragraph 112 in the cases specified in sub-paragraphs (2) and (3).
- (2) The first case is where the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 119C(2) and the declaration states that the unfair practice used consisted of or included—
- (a) the use of violence, or
- (b) the dismissal of a union official.
- (3) The second case is where the CAC has made an order under paragraph 119C(3)(a) and—
- (a) it is satisfied that the party subject to the order has failed to comply with it, or
- (b) it makes another declaration under paragraph 119C(2) in relation to a complaint against that party.
- (4) If the party concerned is the employer, the CAC may order him to refrain from further campaigning in relation to the ballot.
- (5) If the party concerned is a union, the CAC may issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (6) If the party concerned is the applicant worker (or any of the applicant workers), the CAC may refuse the application under paragraph 112.
- (7) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (5) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (8) The powers conferred by this paragraph are in addition to those conferred by paragraph 119C(3).
##### 119I
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) a ballot has been arranged in consequence of an application under paragraph 112,
- (b) the CAC has given the employer an order under paragraph 119(1), 119C(3) or 119H(4), and
- (c) the ballot for the purposes of which the order was made (or any other ballot for the purposes of which it has effect) has not been held.
- (2) The applicant worker (or each of the applicant workers) and the union (or each of the unions) is entitled to enforce obedience to the order.
- (3) The order may be enforced—
- (a) in England and Wales, in the same way as an order of the county court;
- (b) in Scotland, in the same way as an order of the sheriff.
##### 120
- (1) This paragraph applies if the holding of a ballot has been arranged under paragraph 117(3), whether or not it has been cancelled.
- (2) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne—
- (a) as to half, by the employer, and
- (b) as to half, by the union (or unions).
- (3) If there is more than one union they shall bear their half of the gross costs—
- (a) in such proportions as they jointly indicate to the person appointed to conduct the ballot, or
- (b) in the absence of such an indication, in equal shares.
- (4) The person appointed to conduct the ballot may send to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) a demand stating—
- (a) the gross costs of the ballot, and
- (b) the amount of the gross costs to be borne by the recipient.
- (5) In such a case the recipient must pay the amount stated to the person sending the demand, and must do so within the period of 15 working days starting with the day after that on which the demand is received.
- (6) In England and Wales, if the amount stated is not paid in accordance with sub-paragraph (5) it shall, if a county court so orders, be recoverable by execution issued from that court or otherwise as if it were payable under an order of that court.
- (7) References to the costs of the ballot are to—
- (a) the costs wholly, exclusively and necessarily incurred in connection with the ballot by the person appointed to conduct it,
- (b) such reasonable amount as the person appointed to conduct the ballot charges for his services, and
- (c) such other costs as the employer and the union (or unions) agree.
##### 121
- (1) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is informed of the result of a ballot by the person conducting it, the CAC must act under this paragraph.
- (2) The CAC must inform the employer and the union (or unions) of the result of the ballot.
- (3) If the result is that the proposition that the bargaining arrangements should be ended is supported by—
- (a) a majority of the workers voting, and
- (b) at least 40 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit,
the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (4) If the result is otherwise the CAC must refuse the application under paragraph 106, 107 or 112.
- (5) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (3) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (6) The Secretary of State may by order amend sub-paragraph (3) so as to specify a different degree of support; and different provision may be made for different circumstances.
- (7) An order under sub-paragraph (6) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (8) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
## Part V — Derecognition where recognition automatic
### Introduction
##### 122
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if—
- (a) the CAC has issued a declaration under paragraph 19F(5), 22(2), 27(2) or 27D(3) that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, and
- (b) the parties have agreed under paragraph 30 or 31 a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the declaration, and
- (b) the parties’ agreement.
##### 123
- (1) This Part of this Schedule also applies if—
- (a) the CAC has issued a declaration under paragraph 19F(5), 22(2), 27(2) or 27D(3) that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, and
- (b) the CAC has specified to the parties under paragraph 31(3) the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the declaration, and
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract by virtue of paragraph 31.
##### 124
- (1) This Part of this Schedule also applies if the CAC has issued a declaration under paragraph 87(2) that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to —
- (a) the declaration, and
- (b) paragraph 87(6)(b).
##### 125
For the purposes of this Part of this Schedule the relevant date is the date of the expiry of the period of 3 years starting with the date of the CAC’s declaration.
##### 126
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Employer’s request to end arrangements
##### 127
- (1) The employer may after the relevant date request the union (or each of the unions) to agree to end the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The request is not valid unless it—
- (a) is in writing,
- (b) is received by the union (or each of the unions),
- (c) identifies the bargaining arrangements,
- (d) states that it is made under this Schedule, and
- (e) states that fewer than half of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
##### 128
- (1) If before the end of the negotiation period the parties agree to end the bargaining arrangements no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) If no such agreement is made before the end of the negotiation period, the employer may apply to the CAC for the holding of a secret ballot to decide whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (3) The negotiation period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after—
- (a) the day on which the union receives the request, or
- (b) the last day on which any of the unions receives the request;
or such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
##### 129
- (1) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 130
- (1) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible if—
- (a) a relevant application was made , or a notice under paragraph 99(2) was given, within the period of 3 years prior to the date of the application under paragraph 128,
- (b) the relevant application , or notice under paragraph 99(2), and the application under paragraph 128 relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application or (as the case may be) decided under paragraph 100 that the notice complied with paragraph 99(3).
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- (b) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (c) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 131
- (1) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible unless the CAC is satisfied that fewer than half of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 132
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 128.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether—
- (a) the request is valid within the terms of paragraph 127, and
- (b) the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 129 to 131.
- (3) In deciding those questions the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the parties.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the request is not valid or the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the request is valid and the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
### Ballot on derecognition
##### 133
- (1) Paragraph 117 applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 128 (as well as in the cases mentioned in paragraph 117(1) and (2)).
- (2) Paragraphs 118 to 121 apply accordingly, but as if—
- (a) the references in paragraphs 119(2)(a) and 119D(3) to paragraph 106 or 107 were to paragraph 106, 107 or 128;
- (b) the references in paragraphs 119A(3)(a)(ii), 119E(1)(b) and 121(4) to paragraph 106, 107 or 112 were to paragraph 106, 107, 112 or 128.
## Part VI — Derecognition where union not independent
### Introduction
##### 134
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if—
- (a) an employer and a union (or unions) have agreed that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group or groups of workers, and
- (b) the union does not have (or none of the unions has) a certificate of independence.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the parties’ agreement mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(a), and
- (b) any agreement between the parties as to the method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
##### 135
In this Part of this Schedule—
- (a) references to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions);
- (b) references to the bargaining unit are to the group of workers referred to in paragraph 134(1)(a) (or the groups taken together).
##### 136
The meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply in relation to this Part of this Schedule.
### Workers’ application to end arrangements
##### 137
- (1) A worker or workers falling within the bargaining unit may apply to the CAC to have the bargaining arrangements ended.
- (2) An application is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (3) An application is not admissible unless the worker gives (or workers give) to the employer and to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 138
An application under paragraph 137 is not admissible if the CAC is satisfied that any of the unions has a certificate of independence.
##### 139
- (1) An application under paragraph 137 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit favour an end of the bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit would be likely to favour an end of the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 140
An application under paragraph 137 is not admissible if the CAC is satisfied that—
- (a) the union (or any of the unions) has made an application to the Certification Officer under section 6 for a certificate that it is independent, and
- (b) the Certification Officer has not come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications).
##### 141
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) of receipt of an application under paragraph 137.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 137 to 140.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer, the union (or unions) or any of the workers falling within the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions),
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 142
- (1) If the CAC accepts the application, in the negotiation period the CAC must help the employer, the union (or unions) and the worker (or workers) with a view to—
- (a) the employer and the union (or unions) agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements, or
- (b) the worker (or workers) withdrawing the application.
- (2) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
##### 143
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 137,
- (b) during the period mentioned in paragraph 142(1) or 145(3) the CAC is satisfied that the union (or each of the unions) has made an application to the Certification Officer under section 6 for a certificate that it is independent, that the application (or each of the applications) to the Certification Officer was made before the application under paragraph 137 and that the Certification Officer has not come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications), and
- (c) at the time the CAC is so satisfied there has been no agreement or withdrawal as described in paragraph 142(1) or 145(3).
- (2) In such a case paragraph 142(1) or 145(3) shall cease to apply from the time when the CAC is satisfied as mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(b).
##### 144
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC is subsequently satisfied that—
- (a) the Certification Officer has come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications) mentioned in paragraph 143(1)(b), and
- (b) his decision is that the union (or any of the unions) which made an application under section 6 is independent.
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must give the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) notice that it is so satisfied, and
- (b) the application under paragraph 137 shall be treated as not having been made.
##### 145
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC is subsequently satisfied that—
- (a) the Certification Officer has come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications) mentioned in paragraph 143(1)(b), and
- (b) his decision is that the union (or each of the unions) which made an application under section 6 is not independent.
- (2) The CAC must give the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) notice that it is so satisfied.
- (3) In the new negotiation period the CAC must help the employer, the union (or unions) and the worker (or workers) with a view to—
- (a) the employer and the union (or unions) agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements, or
- (b) the worker (or workers) withdrawing the application.
- (4) The new negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice under sub-paragraph (2), or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
##### 146
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 137,
- (b) paragraph 143 does not apply, and
- (c) during the relevant period the CAC is satisfied that a certificate of independence has been issued to the union (or any of the unions) under section 6.
- (2) In such a case the relevant period is the period starting with the first day of the negotiation period (as defined in paragraph 142(2)) and ending with the first of the following to occur—
- (a) any agreement by the employer and the union (or unions) to end the bargaining arrangements;
- (b) any withdrawal of the application by the worker (or workers);
- (c) the CAC being informed of the result of a relevant ballot by the person conducting it;
and a relevant ballot is a ballot held by virtue of this Part of this Schedule.
- (3) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 145(2), and
- (b) during the relevant period the CAC is satisfied that a certificate of independence has been issued to the union (or any of the unions) under section 6.
- (4) In such a case, the relevant period is the period starting with the first day of the new negotiation period (as defined in paragraph 145(4)) and ending with the first of the following to occur—
- (a) any agreement by the employer and the union (or unions) to end the bargaining arrangements;
- (b) any withdrawal of the application by the worker (or workers);
- (c) the CAC being informed of the result of a relevant ballot by the person conducting it;
and a relevant ballot is a ballot held by virtue of this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If this paragraph applies—
- (a) the CAC must give the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) notice that it is satisfied as mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c) or (3)(b), and
- (b) the application under paragraph 137 shall be treated as not having been made.
### Ballot on derecognition
##### 147
- (1) Paragraph 117 applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 137, and
- (b) in the period mentioned in paragraph 142(1) or 145(3) there is no agreement or withdrawal as there described,
(as well as in the cases mentioned in paragraph 117(1) and (2)).
- (2) Paragraphs 118 to 121 apply accordingly, but as if—
- (a) the references in paragraphs 119H(1) and 119I(1)(a) to paragraph 112 were to paragraph 112 or 137;
- (b) the references in paragraphs 119A(3)(a)(ii), 119E(1)(b) and 121(4) to paragraph 106, 107 or 112 were to paragraph 106, 107, 112 or 137.
- (c) the reference in paragraph 119(4) to the CAC refusing an application under paragraph 119(2) included a reference to it being required to give notice under paragraph 146(5).
### Derecognition: other cases
##### 148
- (1) This paragraph applies if as a result of a declaration by the CAC another union is (or other unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group of workers at least one of whom falls within the bargaining unit.
- (2) The CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (3) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (2) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (4) It is for the CAC to decide whether sub-paragraph (1) is fulfilled, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
## Part VII — Loss of independence
### Introduction
##### 149
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if the CAC has issued a declaration that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to the declaration and to the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method.
- (3) For this purpose the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) the parties’ agreement as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted, or
- (c) any provision of Part III of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect.
##### 150
- (1) This Part of this Schedule also applies if—
- (a) the parties have agreed that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit,
- (b) the CAC has specified to the parties under paragraph 63(2) the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining, and
- (c) the parties have not agreed in writing to replace the method or that paragraph 63(3) shall not apply.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the parties’ agreement mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(a), and
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract by virtue of paragraph 63.
##### 151
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Loss of certificate
##### 152
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) only one union is a party, and
- (b) under section 7 the Certification Officer withdraws the union’s certificate of independence.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) more than one union is a party, and
- (b) under section 7 the Certification Officer withdraws the certificate of independence of each union (whether different certificates are withdrawn on the same or on different days).
- (3) Sub-paragraph (4) shall apply on the day after—
- (a) the day on which the Certification Officer informs the union (or unions) of the withdrawal (or withdrawals), or
- (b) if there is more than one union, and he informs them on different days, the last of those days.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect; and the parties shall be taken to agree that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit concerned.
### Certificate re-issued
##### 153
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) only one union is a party,
- (b) paragraph 152 applies, and
- (c) as a result of an appeal under section 9 against the decision to withdraw the certificate, the Certification Officer issues a certificate that the union is independent.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) more than one union is a party,
- (b) paragraph 152 applies, and
- (c) as a result of an appeal under section 9 against a decision to withdraw a certificate, the Certification Officer issues a certificate that any of the unions concerned is independent.
- (3) Sub-paragraph (4) shall apply, beginning with the day after—
- (a) the day on which the Certification Officer issues the certificate, or
- (b) if there is more than one union, the day on which he issues the first or only certificate.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements shall have effect again; and paragraph 152 shall cease to apply.
### Miscellaneous
##### 154
Parts III to VI of this Schedule shall not apply in the case of the parties at any time when, by virtue of this Part of this Schedule, the bargaining arrangements do not have effect.
##### 155
If—
- (a) by virtue of paragraph 153 the bargaining arrangements have effect again beginning with a particular day, and
- (b) in consequence section 70B applies in relation to the bargaining unit concerned,
for the purposes of section 70B(3) that day shall be taken to be the day on which section 70B first applies in relation to the unit.
## Part VIII — Detriment
### Detriment
##### 156
- (1) A worker has a right not to be subjected to any detriment by any act, or any deliberate failure to act, by his employer if the act or failure takes place on any of the grounds set out in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The grounds are that—
- (a) the worker acted with a view to obtaining or preventing recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (b) the worker indicated that he supported or did not support recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (c) the worker acted with a view to securing or preventing the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements;
- (d) the worker indicated that he supported or did not support the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements;
- (e) the worker influenced or sought to influence the way in which votes were to be cast by other workers in a ballot arranged under this Schedule;
- (f) the worker influenced or sought to influence other workers to vote or to abstain from voting in such a ballot;
- (g) the worker voted in such a ballot;
- (h) the worker proposed to do, failed to do, or proposed to decline to do, any of the things referred to in paragraphs (a) to (g).
- (3) A ground does not fall within sub-paragraph (2) if it constitutes an unreasonable act or omission by the worker.
- (4) This paragraph does not apply if the worker is an employee and the detriment amounts to dismissal within the meaning of the Employment Rights Act 1996.
- (5) A worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal on the ground that he has been subjected to a detriment in contravention of this paragraph.
- (6) Apart from the remedy by way of complaint as mentioned in sub-paragraph (5), a worker has no remedy for infringement of the right conferred on him by this paragraph.
##### 157
- (1) An employment tribunal shall not consider a complaint under paragraph 156 unless it is presented—
- (a) before the end of the period of 3 months starting with the date of the act or failure to which the complaint relates or, if that act or failure is part of a series of similar acts or failures (or both), the last of them, or
- (b) where the tribunal is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of that period, within such further period as it considers reasonable.
##### 145D
- (1) On a complaint under section 145A it shall be for the employer to show what was his sole or main purpose in making the offer.
- (2) On a complaint under section 145B it shall be for the employer to show what was his sole or main purpose in making the offers.
- (3) On a complaint under section 145A or 145B, in determining any question whether the employer made the offer (or offers) or the purpose for which he did so, no account shall be taken of any pressure which was exercised on him by calling, organising, procuring or financing a strike or other industrial action, or by threatening to do so; and that question shall be determined as if no such pressure had been exercised.
- (4) In determining whether an employer’s sole or main purpose in making offers was the purpose mentioned in section 145B(1), the matters taken into account must include any evidence—
- (a) that when the offers were made the employer had recently changed or sought to change, or did not wish to use, arrangements agreed with the union for collective bargaining,
- (b) that when the offers were made the employer did not wish to enter into arrangements proposed by the union for collective bargaining, or
- (c) that the offers were made only to particular workers, and were made with the sole or main purpose of rewarding those particular workers for their high level of performance or of retaining them because of their special value to the employer.
##### 145E
- (1) Subsections (2) and (3) apply where the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under section 145A or 145B is well-founded.
- (2) The tribunal—
- (a) shall make a declaration to that effect, and
- (b) shall make an award to be paid by the employer to the complainant in respect of the offer complained of.
- (3) The amount of the award shall be £2,500 (subject to any adjustment of the award that may fall to be made under Part 3 of the Employment Act 2002).
- (4) Where an offer made in contravention of section 145A or 145B is accepted—
- (a) if the acceptance results in the worker’s agreeing to vary his terms of employment, the employer cannot enforce the agreement to vary, or recover any sum paid or other asset transferred by him under the agreement to vary;
- (b) if as a result of the acceptance the worker’s terms of employment are varied, nothing in section 145A or 145B makes the variation unenforceable by either party.
- (5) Nothing in this section or sections 145A and 145B prejudices any right conferred by section 146 or 149.
- (6) In ascertaining any amount of compensation under section 149, no reduction shall be made on the ground—
- (a) that the complainant caused or contributed to his loss, or to the act or failure complained of, by accepting or not accepting an offer made in contravention of section 145A or 145B, or
- (b) that the complainant has received or is entitled to an award under this section.
##### 145F
- (1) References in sections 145A to 145E to being or becoming a member of a trade union include references—
- (a) to being or becoming a member of a particular branch or section of that union, and
- (b) to being or becoming a member of one of a number of particular branches or sections of that union.
- (2) References in those sections—
- (a) to taking part in the activities of a trade union, and
- (b) to services made available by a trade union by virtue of membership of the union,
shall be construed in accordance with subsection (1).
- (3) In sections 145A to 145E—
- “*worker*” means an individual who works, or normally works, as mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (c) of section 296(1), and
- “*employer*” means—in relation to a worker, the person for whom he works;in relation to a former worker, the person for whom he worked.
- (4) The remedy of a person for infringement of the right conferred on him by section 145A or 145B is by way of a complaint to an employment tribunal in accordance with this Part, and not otherwise.
##### 168A
- (1) An employer shall permit an employee of his who is—
- (a) a member of an independent trade union recognised by the employer, and
- (b) a learning representative of the trade union,
to take time off during his working hours for any of the following purposes.
- (2) The purposes are—
- (a) carrying on any of the following activities in relation to qualifying members of the trade union—
- (i) analysing learning or training needs,
- (ii) providing information and advice about learning or training matters,
- (iii) arranging learning or training, and
- (iv) promoting the value of learning or training,
- (b) consulting the employer about carrying on any such activities in relation to such members of the trade union,
- (c) preparing for any of the things mentioned in paragraphs (a) and (b).
- (3) Subsection (1) only applies if—
- (a) the trade union has given the employer notice in writing that the employee is a learning representative of the trade union, and
- (b) the training condition is met in relation to him.
- (4) The training condition is met if—
- (a) the employee has undergone sufficient training to enable him to carry on the activities mentioned in subsection (2), and the trade union has given the employer notice in writing of that fact,
- (b) the trade union has in the last six months given the employer notice in writing that the employee will be undergoing such training, or
- (c) within six months of the trade union giving the employer notice in writing that the employee will be undergoing such training, the employee has done so, and the trade union has given the employer notice of that fact.
- (5) Only one notice under subsection (4)(b) may be given in respect of any one employee.
- (6) References in subsection (4) to sufficient training to carry out the activities mentioned in subsection (2) are to training that is sufficient for those purposes having regard to any relevant provision of a Code of Practice issued by ACAS or the Secretary of State.
- (7) If an employer is required to permit an employee to take time off under subsection (1), he shall also permit the employee to take time off during his working hours for the following purposes—
- (a) undergoing training which is relevant to his functions as a learning representative, and
- (b) where the trade union has in the last six months given the employer notice under subsection (4)(b) in relation to the employee, undergoing such training as is mentioned in subsection (4)(a).
- (8) The amount of time off which an employee is to be permitted to take under this section and the purposes for which, the occasions on which and any conditions subject to which time off may be so taken are those that are reasonable in all the circumstances having regard to any relevant provision of a Code of Practice issued by ACAS or the Secretary of State.
- (9) An employee may present a complaint to an employment tribunal that his employer has failed to permit him to take time off as required by this section.
- (10) In subsection (2)(a), the reference to qualifying members of the trade union is to members of the trade union—
- (a) who are employees of the employer of a description in respect of which the union is recognised by the employer, and
- (b) in relation to whom it is the function of the union learning representative to act as such.
- (11) For the purposes of this section, a person is a learning representative of a trade union if he is appointed or elected as such in accordance with its rules.
##### 188A
- (1) The requirements for the election of employee representatives under section 188(1B)(b)(ii) are that–
- (a) the employer shall make such arrangements as are reasonably practical to ensure that the election is fair;
- (b) the employer shall determine the number of representatives to be elected so that there are sufficient representatives to represent the interests of all the affected employees having regard to the number and classes of those employees;
- (c) the employer shall determine whether the affected employees should be represented either by representatives of all the affected employees or by representatives of particular classes of those employees;
- (d) before the election the employer shall determine the term of office as employee representatives so that it is of sufficient length to enable information to be given and consultations under section 188 to be completed;
- (e) the candidates for election as employee representatives are affected employees on the date of the election;
- (f) no affected employee is unreasonably excluded from standing for election;
- (g) all affected employees on the date of the election are entitled to vote for employee representatives;
- (h) the employees entitled to vote may vote for as many candidates as there are representatives to be elected to represent them or, if there are to be representatives for particular classes of employees, may vote for as many candidates as there are representatives to be elected to represent their particular class of employee;
- (i) the election is conducted so as to secure that–
- (i) so far as is reasonably practicable, those voting do so in secret, and
- (ii) the votes given at the election are accurately counted.
- (2) Where, after an election of employee representatives satisfying the requirements of subsection (1) has been held, one of those elected ceases to act as an employee representative and any of those employees are no longer represented, they shall elect another representative by an election satisfying the requirements of subsection (1)(a), (e), (f) and (i).
##### 207A
- (1) This section applies to proceedings before an employment tribunal relating to a claim by an employee under any of the jurisdictions listed in Schedule A2.
- (2) If, in the case of proceedings to which this section applies, it appears to the employment tribunal that—
- (a) the claim to which the proceedings relate concerns a matter to which a relevant Code of Practice applies,
- (b) the employer has failed to comply with that Code in relation to that matter, and
- (c) that failure was unreasonable,
the employment tribunal may, if it considers it just and equitable in all the circumstances to do so, increase any award it makes to the employee by no more than 25%.
- (3) If, in the case of proceedings to which this section applies, it appears to the employment tribunal that—
- (a) the claim to which the proceedings relate concerns a matter to which a relevant Code of Practice applies,
- (b) the employee has failed to comply with that Code in relation to that matter, and
- (c) that failure was unreasonable,
the employment tribunal may, if it considers it just and equitable in all the circumstances to do so, reduce any award it makes to the employee by no more than 25%.
- (4) In subsections (2) and (3), “*relevant Code of Practice*” means a Code of Practice issued under this Chapter which relates exclusively or primarily to procedure for the resolution of disputes.
- (5) Where an award falls to be adjusted under this section and under section 38 of the Employment Act 2002, the adjustment under this section shall be made before the adjustment under that section.
- (6) The Secretary of State may by order amend Schedule A2 for the purpose of—
- (a) adding a jurisdiction to the list in that Schedule, or
- (b) removing a jurisdiction from that list.
- (7) The power of the Secretary of State to make an order under subsection (6) includes power to make such incidental, supplementary, consequential or transitional provision as the Secretary of State thinks fit.
- (8) An order under subsection (6) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (9) No order shall be made under subsection (6) unless a draft of the statutory instrument containing it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House.
##### 210A
- (1) This section applies where ACAS is exercising its functions under section 210 with a view to bringing about a settlement of a recognition dispute.
- (2) The parties to the recognition dispute may jointly request ACAS or a person nominated by ACAS to do either or both of the following—
- (a) hold a ballot of the workers involved in the dispute;
- (b) ascertain the union membership of the workers involved in the dispute.
- (3) In the following provisions of this section references to ACAS include references to a person nominated by ACAS; and anything done by such a person under this section shall be regarded as done in the exercise of the functions of ACAS mentioned in subsection (1).
- (4) At any time after ACAS has received a request under subsection (2), it may require any party to the recognition dispute—
- (a) to supply ACAS with specified information concerning the workers involved in the dispute, and
- (b) to do so within such period as it may specify.
- (5) ACAS may impose a requirement under subsection (4) only if it considers that it is necessary to do so—
- (a) for the exercise of the functions mentioned in subsection (1); and
- (b) in order to enable or assist it to comply with the request.
- (6) The recipient of a requirement under this section must, within the specified period, supply ACAS with such of the specified information as is in the recipient’s possession.
- (7) A request under subsection (2) may be withdrawn by any party to the recognition dispute at any time and, if it is withdrawn, ACAS shall take no further steps to hold the ballot or to ascertain the union membership of the workers involved in the dispute.
- (8) If a party to a recognition dispute fails to comply with subsection (6), ACAS shall take no further steps to hold the ballot or to ascertain the union membership of the workers involved in the dispute.
- (9) Nothing in this section requires ACAS to comply with a request under subsection (2).
- (10) In this section—
- “*party*”, in relation to a recognition dispute, means each of the employers, employers' associations and trade unions involved in the dispute;
- “*a recognition dispute*” means a trade dispute between employers and workers which is connected wholly or partly with the recognition by employers or employers' associations of the right of a trade union to represent workers in negotiations, consultations or other procedures relating to any of the matters mentioned in paragraphs (a) to (f) of section 218(1);
- “*specified*” means specified in a requirement under this section; and
- “*workers*” has the meaning given in section 218(5).
##### 212A
- (1) ACAS may prepare a scheme providing for arbitration in the case of disputes involving proceedings, or claims which could be the subject of proceedings, before an employment tribunal under, or arising out of a contravention or alleged contravention of—
- (za) section 80G(1) or 80H(1)(b) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (flexible working),
- (a) Part X of that Act (unfair dismissal), or
- (b) any enactment specified in an order made by the Secretary of State.
- (2) When ACAS has prepared such a scheme it shall submit a draft of the scheme to the Secretary of State who, if he approves it, shall make an order—
- (a) setting out the scheme, and
- (b) making provision for it to come into effect.
- (3) ACAS may from time to time prepare a revised version of such a scheme and, when it has done so, shall submit a draft of the revised scheme to the Secretary of State who, if he approves it, shall make an order—
- (a) setting out the revised scheme, and
- (b) making provision for it to come into effect.
- (4) ACAS may take any steps appropriate for promoting awareness of a scheme prepared under this section.
- (5) Where the parties to any dispute within subsection (1) agree in writing to submit the dispute to arbitration in accordance with a scheme having effect by virtue of an order under this section, ACAS shall refer the dispute to the arbitration of a person appointed by ACAS for the purpose (not being an officer or employee of ACAS).
- (6) Nothing in the Arbitration Act 1996 shall apply to an arbitration conducted in accordance with a scheme having effect by virtue of an order under this section except to the extent that the order provides for any provision of Part I of that Act so to apply; and the order may provide for any such provision so to apply subject to modifications.
- (7) A scheme set out in an order under this section may, in relation to an arbitration conducted in accordance with the law of Scotland, make provision—
- (a) that a reference on a preliminary point may be made, or
- (b) conferring a right of appeal which shall lie,
to the relevant court on such grounds and in respect of such matters as may be specified in the scheme; and in this subsection “*relevant court*” means such court, being the Court of Session or the Employment Appeal Tribunal, as may be specified in the scheme, and a different court may be specified as regards different grounds or matters.
- (8) Where a scheme set out in an order under this section includes provision for the making of re-employment orders in arbitrations conducted in accordance with the scheme, the order setting out the scheme may require employment tribunals to enforce such orders—
- (a) in accordance with section 117 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (enforcement by award of compensation), or
- (b) in accordance with that section as modified by the order.
For this purpose “*re-employment orders*” means orders requiring that persons found to have been unfairly dismissed be reinstated, re-engaged or otherwise re-employed.
- (9) An order under this section setting out a scheme may provide that, in the case of disputes within subsection (1)(a), such part of an award made in accordance with the scheme as is specified by the order shall be treated as a basic award of compensation for unfair dismissal for the purposes of section 184(1)(d) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (which specifies such an award as a debt which the Secretary of State must satisfy if the employer has become insolvent).
- (10) An order under this section shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (11) No order shall be made under subsection (1)(b) unless a draft of the statutory instrument containing it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House.
- (12) A statutory instrument containing an order under this section (other than one of which a draft has been approved by resolution of each House of Parliament) shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
##### 212B
ACAS may, in accordance with any dismissal procedures agreement (within the meaning of the Employment Rights Act 1996), refer any matter to the arbitration of a person appointed by ACAS for the purpose (not being an officer or employee of ACAS).
##### 226A
- (1) The trade union must take such steps as are reasonably necessary to ensure that—
- (a) not later than the seventh day before the opening day of the ballot, the notice specified in subsection (2), and
- (b) not later than the third day before the opening day of the ballot, the sample voting paper specified in subsection (3),
is received by every person who it is reasonable for the union to believe (at the latest time when steps could be taken to comply with paragraph (a)) will be the employer of persons who will be entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (2) The notice referred to in paragraph (a) of subsection (1) is a notice in writing—
- (a) stating that the union intends to hold the ballot,
- (b) specifying the date which the union reasonably believes will be the opening day of the ballot, and
- (c) containing such information in the union’s possession as would help the employer to make plans and bring information to the attention of those of his employees who it is reasonable for the union to believe (at the time when the steps to comply with that paragraph are taken) will be entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (3) The sample voting paper referred to in paragraph (b) of subsection (1) is—
- (a) a sample of the form of voting paper which is to be sent to the employees who it is reasonable for the trade union to believe (at the time when the steps to comply with paragraph (a) of that subsection are taken) will be entitled to vote in the ballot, or
- (b) where they are not all to be sent the same form of voting paper, a sample of each form of voting paper which is to be sent to any of them.
- (3A) These rules apply for the purposes of paragraph (c) of subsection (2)—
- (a) if the union possesses information as to the number, category or work-place of the employees concerned, a notice must contain that information (at least);
- (b) if a notice does not name any employees, that fact shall not be a ground for holding that it does not comply with paragraph (c) of subsection (2).
- (3B) In subsection (3) references to employees are to employees of the employer concerned.
- (4) In this section references to the opening day of the ballot are references to the first day when a voting paper is sent to any person entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (5) This section, in its application to a ballot in which merchant seamen to whom section 230(2A) applies are entitled to vote, shall have effect with the substitution in subsection (3), for references to the voting paper which is to be sent to the employees, of references to the voting paper which is to be sent or otherwise provided to them.
##### 226B
- (1) The trade union shall, before the ballot in respect of the industrial action is held, appoint a qualified person (“*the scrutineer*”) whose terms of appointment shall require him to carry out in relation to the ballot the functions of—
- (a) taking such steps as appear to him to be appropriate for the purpose of enabling him to make a report to the trade union (see section 231B); and
- (b) making the report as soon as reasonably practicable after the date of the ballot and, in any event, not later than the end of the period of four weeks beginning with that date.
- (2) A person is a qualified person in relation to a ballot if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of this section by order of the Secretary of State or is himself so specified; and
- (b) the trade union has no grounds for believing either that he will carry out the functions conferred on him under subsection (1) otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the union, or in relation to the ballot, might reasonably be called into question.
An order under paragraph (a) shall be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
- (3) The trade union shall ensure that the scrutineer duly carries out the functions conferred on him under subsection (1) and that there is no interference with the carrying out of those functions from the union or any of its members, officials or employees.
- (4) The trade union shall comply with all reasonable requests made by the scrutineer for the purposes of, or in connection with, the carrying out of those functions.
##### 226C
Nothing in section 226B, section 229(1A)(a) or section 231B shall impose a requirement on a trade union unless—
- (a) the number of members entitled to vote in the ballot, or
- (b) where separate workplace ballots are held in accordance with section 228(1), the aggregate of the number of members entitled to vote in each of them,
exceeds 50.
##### 228A
- (1) Where section 228(3) would require separate ballots to be held for each workplace, a ballot may be held in place of some or all of the separate ballots if one of subsections (2) to (4) is satisfied in relation to it.
- (2) This subsection is satisfied in relation to a ballot if the workplace of each member entitled to vote in the ballot is the workplace of at least one member of the union who is affected by the dispute.
- (3) This subsection is satisfied in relation to a ballot if entitlement to vote is accorded to, and limited to, all the members of the union who—
- (a) according to the union’s reasonable belief have an occupation of a particular kind or have any of a number of particular kinds of occupation, and
- (b) are employed by a particular employer, or by any of a number of particular employers, with whom the union is in dispute.
- (4) This subsection is satisfied in relation to a ballot if entitlement to vote is accorded to, and limited to, all the members of the union who are employed by a particular employer, or by any of a number of particular employers, with whom the union is in dispute.
- (5) For the purposes of subsection (2) the following are members of the union affected by a dispute—
- (a) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a decision which the union reasonably believes the employer has made or will make concerning a matter specified in subsection (1)(a), (b) or (c) of section 244 (meaning of “*trade dispute*”), members whom the decision directly affects,
- (b) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a matter specified in subsection (1)(d) of that section, members whom the matter directly affects,
- (c) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a matter specified in subsection (1)(e) of that section, persons whose membership or non-membership is in dispute,
- (d) if the dispute relates (wholly or partly) to a matter specified in subsection (1)(f) of that section, officials of the union who have used or would use the facilities concerned in the dispute.
##### 231A
- (1) As soon as reasonably practicable after the holding of the ballot, the trade union shall take such steps as are reasonably necessary to ensure that every relevant employer is informed of the matters mentioned in section 231.
- (2) In subsection (1) “*relevant employer*” means a person who it is reasonable for the trade union to believe (at the time when the steps are taken) was at the time of the ballot the employer of any persons entitled to vote.
##### 231B
- (1) The scrutineer’s report on the ballot shall state whether the scrutineer is satisfied—
- (a) that there are no reasonable grounds for believing that there was any contravention of a requirement imposed by or under any enactment in relation to the ballot,
- (b) that the arrangements made with respect to the production, storage, distribution, return or other handling of the voting papers used in the ballot, and the arrangements for the counting of the votes, included all such security arrangements as were reasonably practicable for the purpose of minimising the risk that any unfairness or malpractice might occur, and
- (c) that he has been able to carry out the functions conferred on him under section 226B(1) without any interference from the trade union or any of its members, officials or employees;
and if he is not satisfied as to any of those matters, the report shall give particulars of his reason for not being satisfied as to that matter.
- (2) If at any time within six months from the date of the ballot—
- (a) any person entitled to vote in the ballot, or
- (b) the employer of any such person,
requests a copy of the scrutineer’s report, the trade union must, as soon as practicable, provide him with one either free of charge or on payment of such reasonable fee as may be specified by the trade union.
##### 232A
Industrial action shall not be regarded as having the support of a ballot if the following conditions apply in the case of any person—
- (a) he was a member of the trade union at the time when the ballot was held,
- (b) it was reasonable at that time for the trade union to believe he would be induced to take part or, as the case may be, to continue to take part in the industrial action,
- (c) he was not accorded entitlement to vote in the ballot, and
- (d) he was induced by the trade union to take part or, as the case may be, to continue to take part in the industrial action.
##### 232B
- (1) If—
- (a) in relation to a ballot there is a failure (or there are failures) to comply with a provision mentioned in subsection (2) or with more than one of those provisions, and
- (b) the failure is accidental and on a scale which is unlikely to affect the result of the ballot or, as the case may be, the failures are accidental and taken together are on a scale which is unlikely to affect the result of the ballot,
the failure (or failures) shall be disregarded.
- (2) The provisions are section 227(1), section 230(2) and section 230(2A).
### Requirement on trade union to give notice of industrial action
#### Inducements relating to collective bargaining
##### 234A
- (1) An act done by a trade union to induce a person to take part, or continue to take part, in industrial action is not protected as respects his employer unless the union has taken or takes such steps as are reasonably necessary to ensure that the employer receives within the appropriate period a relevant notice covering the act.
- (2) Subsection (1) imposes a requirement in the case of an employer only if it is reasonable for the union to believe, at the latest time when steps could be taken to ensure that he receives such a notice, that he is the employer of persons who will be or have been induced to take part, or continue to take part, in the industrial action.
- (3) For the purposes of this section a relevant notice is a notice in writing which—
- (a) contains such information in the union’s possession as would help the employer to make plans and bring information to the attention of those of his employees whomthe union intends to induce or has induced to take part, or continue to take part, in the industrial action (“*the affected employees*”),
- (b) states whether industrial action is intended to be continuous or discontinuous and specifies—
- (i) where it is to be continuous, the intended date for any of the affected employees to begin to take part in the action,
- (ii) where it is to be discontinuous, the intended dates for any of the affected employees to take part in the action, and
- (c) states that it is given for the purposes of this section.
- (4) For the purposes of subsection (1) the appropriate period is the period—
- (a) beginning with the day when the union satisfies the requirement of section 231A in relation to the ballot in respect of the industrial action, and
- (b) ending with the seventh day before the day, or before the first of the days, specified in the relevant notice.
- (5) For the purposes of subsection (1) a relevant notice covers an act done by the union if the person induced is one of the affected employees and—
- (a) where he is induced to take part or continue to take part in industrial action which the union intends to be continuous, if—
- (i) the notice states that the union intends the industrial action to be continuous, and
- (ii) there is no participation by him in the industrial action before the date specified in the notice in consequence of any inducement by the union not covered by a relevant notice; and
- (b) where he is induced to take part or continue to take part in industrial action which the union intends to be discontinuous, if there is no participation by him in the industrial action on a day not so specified in consequence of any inducement by the union not covered by a relevant notice.
- (5A) These rules apply for the purposes of paragraph (a) of subsection (3)—
- (a) if the union possesses information as to the number, category or work-place of the employees concerned, a notice must contain that information (at least);
- (b) if a notice does not name any employees, that fact shall not be a ground for holding that it does not comply with paragraph (a) of subsection (3).
- (6) For the purposes of this section—
- (a) a union intends industrial action to be discontinuous if it intends it to take place only on some days on which there is an opportunity to take the action, and
- (b) a union intends industrial action to be continuous if it intends it to be not so restricted.
- (7) Subject to subsections (7A) and (7B),Where—
- (a) continuous industrial action which has been authorised or endorsed by a union ceases to be so authorised or endorsed otherwise than to enable the union to comply with a court order or an undertaking given to a court, and
- (b) the industrial action has at a later date again been authorised or endorsed by the union (whether as continuous or discontinuous action),
no relevant notice covering acts done to induce persons to take part in the earlier action shall operate to cover acts done to induce persons to take part in the action authorised or endorsed at the later date and this section shall apply in relation to an act to induce a person to take part, or continue to take part, in the industrial action after that date as if the references in subsection (3)(b)(i) to the industrial action were to the industrial action taking place after that date.
- (7A) Subsection (7) shall not apply where industrial action ceases to be authorised or endorsed in order to enable the union to comply with a court order or an undertaking given to a court.
- (7B) Subsection (7) shall not apply where—
- (a) a union agrees with an employer, before industrial action ceases to be authorised or endorsed, that it will cease to be authorised or endorsed with effect from a date specified in the agreement (“the suspension date") and that it may again be authorised or endorsed with effect from a date not earlier than a date specified in the agreement (“the resumption date"),
- (b) the action ceases to be authorised or endorsed with effect from the suspension date, and
- (c) the action is again authorised or endorsed with effect from a date which is not earlier than the resumption date or such later date as may be agreed between the union and the employer.
- (8) The requirement imposed on a trade union by subsection (1) shall be treated as having been complied with if the steps were taken by other relevant persons or committees whose acts were authorised or endorsed by the union and references to the belief or intention of the union in subsection (2) or, as the case may be, subsections (3), (5) and (6) shall be construed as references to the belief or the intention of the person or committee taking the steps.
- (9) The provisions of section 20(2) to (4) apply for the purpose of determining for the purposes of subsection (1) who are relevant persons or committees and whether the trade union is to be taken to have authorised or endorsed the steps the person or committee took and for the purposes of subsections (7) to (7B) whether the trade union is to be taken to have authorised or endorsed the industrial action.
- (2) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)—
- (a) where an act extends over a period, the reference to the date of the act is a reference to the last day of that period;
- (b) a failure to act shall be treated as done when it was decided on.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2), in the absence of evidence establishing the contrary an employer must be taken to decide on a failure to act—
- (a) when he does an act inconsistent with doing the failed act, or
- (b) if he has done no such inconsistent act, when the period expires within which he might reasonably have been expected to do the failed act if it was to be done.
##### 158
On a complaint under paragraph 156 it shall be for the employer to show the ground on which he acted or failed to act.
##### 159
- (1) If the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under paragraph 156 is well-founded it shall make a declaration to that effect and may make an award of compensation to be paid by the employer to the complainant in respect of the act or failure complained of.
- (2) The amount of the compensation awarded shall be such as the tribunal considers just and equitable in all the circumstances having regard to the infringement complained of and to any loss sustained by the complainant which is attributable to the act or failure which infringed his right.
- (3) The loss shall be taken to include—
- (a) any expenses reasonably incurred by the complainant in consequence of the act or failure complained of, and
- (b) loss of any benefit which he might reasonably be expected to have had but for that act or failure.
- (4) In ascertaining the loss, the tribunal shall apply the same rule concerning the duty of a person to mitigate his loss as applies to damages recoverable under the common law of England and Wales or Scotland.
- (5) If the tribunal finds that the act or failure complained of was to any extent caused or contributed to by action of the complainant, it shall reduce the amount of the compensation by such proportion as it considers just and equitable having regard to that finding.
##### 160
- (1) If the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under paragraph 156 is well-founded and—
- (a) the detriment of which the worker has complained is the termination of his worker’s contract, but
- (b) that contract was not a contract of employment,
any compensation awarded under paragraph 159 must not exceed the limit specified in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The limit is the total of—
- (a) the sum which would be the basic award for unfair dismissal, calculated in accordance with section 119 of the Employment Rights Act 1996, if the worker had been an employee and the contract terminated had been a contract of employment, and
- (b) the sum for the time being specified in section 124(1) of that Act which is the limit for a compensatory award to a person calculated in accordance with section 123 of that Act.
### Dismissal
##### 161
- (1) For the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) the dismissal of an employee shall be regarded as unfair if the dismissal was made—
- (a) for a reason set out in sub-paragraph (2), or
- (b) for reasons the main one of which is one of those set out in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The reasons are that—
- (a) the employee acted with a view to obtaining or preventing recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (b) the employee indicated that he supported or did not support recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (c) the employee acted with a view to securing or preventing the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements;
- (d) the employee indicated that he supported or did not support the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements ;
- (e) the employee influenced or sought to influence the way in which votes were to be cast by other workers in a ballot arranged under this Schedule;
- (f) the employee influenced or sought to influence other workers to vote or to abstain from voting in such a ballot;
- (g) the employee voted in such a ballot;
- (h) the employee proposed to do, failed to do, or proposed to decline to do, any of the things referred to in paragraphs (a) to (g).
- (3) A reason does not fall within sub-paragraph (2) if it constitutes an unreasonable act or omission by the employee.
### Selection for redundancy
##### 162
For the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) the dismissal of an employee shall be regarded as unfair if the reason or principal reason for the dismissal was that he was redundant but it is shown—
- (a) that the circumstances constituting the redundancy applied equally to one or more other employees in the same undertaking who held positions similar to that held by him and who have not been dismissed by the employer, and
- (b) that the reason (or, if more than one, the principal reason) why he was selected for dismissal was one falling within paragraph 161(2).
### Employees with fixed-term contracts
##### 163
Section 197(1) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (fixed-term contracts) does not prevent Part X of that Act from applying to a dismissal which is regarded as unfair by virtue of paragraph 161 or 162.
### Exclusion of requirement as to qualifying period
##### 164
Sections 108 and 109 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (qualifying period and upper age limit for unfair dismissal protection) do not apply to a dismissal which by virtue of paragraph 161 or 162 is regarded as unfair for the purposes of Part X of that Act.
### Meaning of worker’s contract
##### 165
References in this Part of this Schedule to a worker’s contract are to the contract mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of section 296(1) or the arrangements for the employment mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 296(1).
## Part IX — General
### Rights of appeal against demands for costs
##### 165A
- (1) This paragraph applies where a demand has been made under paragraph 19E(3), 28(4) or 120(4).
- (2) The recipient of the demand may appeal against the demand within 4 weeks starting with the day after receipt of the demand.
- (3) An appeal under this paragraph lies to an employment tribunal.
- (4) On an appeal under this paragraph against a demand under paragraph 19E(3), the tribunal shall dismiss the appeal unless it is shown that—
- (a) the amount specified in the demand as the costs of the appointed person is too great, or
- (b) the amount specified in the demand as the amount of those costs to be borne by the recipient is too great.
- (5) On an appeal under this paragraph against a demand under paragraph 28(4) or paragraph 120(4), the tribunal shall dismiss the appeal unless it is shown that—
- (a) the amount specified in the demand as the gross costs of the ballot is too great, or
- (b) the amount specified in the demand as the amount of the gross costs to be borne by the recipient is too great.
- (6) If an appeal is allowed, the tribunal shall rectify the demand and the demand shall have effect as if it had originally been made as so rectified.
- (7) If a person has appealed under this paragraph against a demand and the appeal has not been withdrawn or finally determined, the demand—
- (a) is not enforceable until the appeal has been withdrawn or finally determined, but
- (b) as from the withdrawal or final determination of the appeal shall be enforceable as if paragraph (a) had not had effect.
### Power to amend
##### 166
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC represents to the Secretary of State that a provision of this Schedule has an unsatisfactory effect and should be amended.
- (2) The Secretary of State, with a view to rectifying the effect—
- (a) may amend the provision by exercising (if applicable) any of the powers conferred on him by paragraphs 7(6), 29(5), 121(6), 166A, 166B, 169A, 169B and 171A, or
- (b) may amend the provision by order in such other way as he thinks fit.
- (2A) The Secretary of State need not proceed in a way proposed by the CAC (if it proposes one).
- (2B) Nothing in this paragraph prevents the Secretary of State from exercising any of the powers mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(a) in the absence of a representation from the CAC.
- (3) An order under sub-paragraph (2)(b) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (4) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 166A
- (1) This paragraph applies in relation to any provision of paragraph 19D(2), 26(4) or 118(4) which requires the employer to give to the CAC a worker’s home address.
- (2) The Secretary of State may by order provide that the employer must give to the CAC (in addition to the worker’s home address) an address of a specified kind for the worker.
- (3) In this paragraph “*address*” includes any address or number to which information may be sent by any means.
- (4) An order under this paragraph may—
- (a) amend this Schedule;
- (b) include supplementary or incidental provision (including, in particular, provision amending paragraph 19E(1)(a), 26(6)(a) or 118(6)(a));
- (c) make different provision for different cases or circumstances.
- (5) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (6) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 166B
- (1) The Secretary of State may by order provide that, during any period beginning and ending with the occurrence of specified events, employers and unions to which the order applies are prohibited from using such practices as are specified as unfair practices in relation to an application under this Schedule of a specified description.
- (2) An order under this paragraph may make provision about the consequences of a contravention of any prohibition imposed by the order (including provision modifying the effect of any provision of this Schedule in the event of such a contravention).
- (3) An order under this paragraph may confer functions on the CAC.
- (4) An order under this paragraph may contain provision extending for the purposes of the order either or both of the following powers to issue Codes of Practice—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
- (5) An order under this paragraph may—
- (a) include supplementary or incidental provisions (including provision amending this Schedule), and
- (b) make different provision for different cases or circumstances.
- (6) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (7) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
- (8) In this paragraph “*specified*” means specified in an order under this paragraph.
### Guidance
##### 167
- (1) The Secretary of State may issue guidance to the CAC on the way in which it is to exercise its functions under paragraph 22 or 87.
- (2) The CAC must take into account any such guidance in exercising those functions.
- (3) However, no guidance is to apply with regard to an application made to the CAC before the guidance in question was issued.
- (4) The Secretary of State must—
- (a) lay before each House of Parliament any guidance issued under this paragraph, and
- (b) arrange for any such guidance to be published by such means as appear to him to be most appropriate for drawing it to the attention of persons likely to be affected by it.
### Method of conducting collective bargaining
##### 168
- (1) After consulting ACAS the Secretary of State may by order specify for the purposes of paragraphs 31(3) and 63(2) a method by which collective bargaining might be conducted.
- (2) If such an order is made the CAC—
- (a) must take it into account under paragraphs 31(3) and 63(2), but
- (b) may depart from the method specified by the order to such extent as the CAC thinks it is appropriate to do so in the circumstances.
- (3) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
### Directions about certain applications
##### 169
- (1) The Secretary of State may make to the CAC directions as described in sub-paragraph (2) in relation to any case where—
- (a) two or more applications are made to the CAC,
- (b) each application is a relevant application,
- (c) each application relates to the same bargaining unit, and
- (d) the CAC has not accepted any of the applications.
- (2) The directions are directions as to the order in which the CAC must consider the admissibility of the applications.
- (3) The directions may include—
- (a) provision to deal with a case where a relevant application is made while the CAC is still considering the admissibility of another one relating to the same bargaining unit;
- (b) other incidental provisions.
- (4) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 101, 106, 107, 112 or 128.
### Effect of union amalgamations and transfers of engagements
##### 169A
- (1) The Secretary of State may by order make provision for any case where—
- (a) an application has been made, a declaration has been issued, or any other thing has been done under or for the purposes of this Schedule by, to or in relation to a union, or
- (b) anything has been done in consequence of anything so done,
and the union amalgamates or transfers all or any of its engagements.
- (2) An order under this paragraph may, in particular, make provision for cases where an amalgamated union, or union to which engagements are transferred, does not have a certificate of independence.
### Effect of change of identity of employer
##### 169B
- (1) The Secretary of State may by order make provision for any case where—
- (a) an application has been made, a declaration has been issued, or any other thing has been done under or for the purposes of this Schedule in relation to a group of workers, or
- (b) anything has been done in consequence of anything so done,
and the person who was the employer of the workers constituting that group at the time the thing was done is no longer the employer of all of the workers constituting that group (whether as a result of a transfer of the whole or part of an undertaking or business or otherwise).
- (2) In this paragraph “*group*” includes two or more groups taken together.
### Orders under paragraphs 169A and 169B: supplementary
##### 169C
- (1) An order under paragraph 169A or 169B may—
- (a) amend this Schedule;
- (b) include supplementary, incidental, saving or transitional provisions;
- (c) make different provision for different cases or circumstances.
- (2) An order under paragraph 169A or 169B shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (3) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
### Directions about certain applications
##### 169
- (1) The Secretary of State may make to the CAC directions as described in sub-paragraph (2) in relation to any case where—
- (a) two or more applications are made to the CAC,
- (b) each application is a relevant application,
- (c) each application relates to the same bargaining unit, and
- (d) the CAC has not accepted any of the applications.
- (2) The directions are directions as to the order in which the CAC must consider the admissibility of the applications.
- (3) The directions may include—
- (a) provision to deal with a case where a relevant application is made while the CAC is still considering the admissibility of another one relating to the same bargaining unit;
- (b) other incidental provisions.
- (4) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 101, 106, 107, 112 or 128.
### Notice of declarations
##### 170
- (1) If the CAC issues a declaration under this Schedule it must notify the parties of the declaration and its contents.
- (2) The reference here to the parties is to—
- (a) the union (or unions) concerned and the employer concerned, and
- (b) if the declaration is issued in consequence of an application by a worker or workers, the worker or workers making it.
### Supply of information to CAC
##### 170A
- (1) The CAC may, if it considers it necessary to do so to enable or assist it to exercise any of its functions under this Schedule, exercise any or all of the powers conferred in sub-paragraphs (2) to (4).
- (2) The CAC may require an employer to supply the CAC case manager, within such period as the CAC may specify, with specified information concerning either or both of the following—
- (a) the workers in a specified bargaining unit who work for the employer;
- (b) the likelihood of a majority of those workers being in favour of the conduct by a specified union (or specified unions) of collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (3) The CAC may require a union to supply the CAC case manager, within such period as the CAC may specify, with specified information concerning either or both of the following—
- (a) the workers in a specified bargaining unit who are members of the union;
- (b) the likelihood of a majority of the workers in a specified bargaining unit being in favour of the conduct by the union (or by it and other specified unions) of collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) The CAC may require an applicant worker to supply the CAC case manager, within such period as the CAC may specify, with specified information concerning the likelihood of a majority of the workers in his bargaining unit being in favour of having bargaining arrangements ended.
- (5) The recipient of a requirement under this paragraph must, within the specified period, supply the CAC case manager with such of the specified information as is in the recipient’s possession.
- (6) From the information supplied to him under this paragraph, the CAC case manager must prepare a report and submit it to the CAC.
- (7) If an employer, a union or a worker fails to comply with sub-paragraph (5), the report under sub-paragraph (6) must mention that failure; and the CAC may draw an inference against the party concerned.
- (8) The CAC must give a copy of the report under sub-paragraph (6) to the employer, to the union (or unions) and, in the case of an application under paragraph 112 or 137, to the applicant worker (or applicant workers).
- (9) In this paragraph—
- “*applicant worker*” means a worker who—falls within a bargaining unit (“his bargaining unit”) andhas made an application under paragraph 112 or 137 to have bargaining arrangements ended;
- “*the CAC case manager*” means the member of the staff provided to the CAC by ACAS who is named in the requirement (but the CAC may, by notice given to the recipient of a requirement under this paragraph, change the member of that staff who is to be the CAC case manager for the purposes of that requirement);
- “*collective bargaining*” is to be construed in accordance with paragraph 3; and
- “*specified*” means specified in a requirement under this paragraph.
### CAC’s general duty
##### 171
In exercising functions under this Schedule in any particular case the CAC must have regard to the object of encouraging and promoting fair and efficient practices and arrangements in the workplace, so far as having regard to that object is consistent with applying other provisions of this Schedule in the case concerned.
### “Pay” and other matters subject to collective bargaining
##### 171A
- (1) In this Schedule “*pay*” does not include terms relating to a person’s membership of or rights under, or his employer’s contributions to—
- (a) an occupational pension scheme (as defined by section 1 of the Pension Schemes Act 1993), or
- (b) a personal pension scheme (as so defined).
- (2) The Secretary of State may by order amend sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) The Secretary of State may by order—
- (a) amend paragraph 3(3), 54(4) or 94(6)(b) by adding specified matters relating to pensions to the matters there specified to which negotiations may relate;
- (b) amend paragraph 35(2)(b) or 44(2)(b) by adding specified matters relating to pensions to the core topics there specified.
- (4) An order under this paragraph may—
- (a) include supplementary, incidental, saving or transitional provisions including provision amending this Schedule, and
- (b) make different provision for different cases.
- (5) An order under this paragraph may make provision deeming—
- (a) the matters to which any pre-commencement declaration of recognition relates, and
- (b) the matters to which any pre-commencement method of collective bargaining relates,
to include matters to which a post-commencement declaration of recognition or method of collective bargaining could relate.
- (6) In sub-paragraph (5)—
- “*pre-commencement declaration of recognition*” means a declaration of recognition issued by the CAC before the coming into force of the order,
- “*pre-commencement method of collective bargaining*” means a method of collective bargaining specified by the CAC before the coming into force of the order,
- and references to a post-commencement declaration of recognition or method of collective bargaining shall be construed accordingly.
- (7) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument; and no such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
### General interpretation
##### 172
- (1) References in this Schedule to the CAC are to the Central Arbitration Committee.
- (2) For the purposes of this Schedule in its application to a part of Great Britain a working day is a day other than—
- (a) a Saturday or a Sunday,
- (b) Christmas day or Good Friday, or
- (c) a day which is a bank holiday under the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 in that part of Great Britain.
## SCHEDULE A2
### Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (c.13)
### Transport Act 1968 (c.73)
### Equal Pay Act 1970 (c.41)
### House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 (c.24)
### Social Security Pensions Act 1975 (c.60)
### Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (c.65)
### Race Relations Discrimination Act 1976 (c.74)
### Aircraft and Shipbuilding Industries Act 1977 (c.3)
### Patents Act 1977 (c.37)
### House of Commons (Administration) Act 1978 (c.36)
### Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978 (c.44)
### Crown Agents Act 1979 (c.43)
### Agricultural Training Board Act 1982 (c.9)
### Industrial Training Act 1982 (c.10)
### Oil and Gas (Enterprise) Act 1982 (c.23)
### Employment Act 1982 (c.46)
### Insurance Companies Act 1982 (c.50)
### Value Added Tax Act 1983 (c.55)
### Insolvency Act 1986 (c.45)
### Wages Act 1986 (c.48)
### Building Societies Act 1986 (c.53)
### Sex Discrimination Act 1986 (c.59)
### Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 (c.1)
### Local Government Act 1988 (c.9)
### Local Government and Housing Act 1989 (c.42)
## SCHEDULE
## Editorial notes
[^c14513061]: [Ss. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/5) applied (E.W.) (21.5.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/article/2), [Sch. para. 126(viii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/126/viii)
[^c14513071]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14513081]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14513091]: [Ss. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/5) applied (E.W.) (21.5.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/article/2), [Sch. para. 126(viii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/126/viii)
[^c14513101]: Words in [s. 8(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/8/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20381981]: Words in [s. 9(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/9/1/2) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 52)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/52), [ss. 51(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/52/section/51/1/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/52/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20382031]: [S. 9(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/9/3) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 51(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/51/1/b), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20382011]: Words in [s. 9(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/9/4) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 51(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/51/1/c), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14513121]: [1974 c. 46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/46).
[^c14513131]: [1965 c. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1965/12).
[^c14513141]: [1925 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1925/19).
[^c14513151]: [1958 c. 23 (N.I.)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/apni/1958/23).
[^c14513161]: [1876 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1876/22).
[^c14513171]: [1965 c. 32](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1965/32).
[^c14513281]: [S. 19(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/1) substituted (1.1.1994) by [S.I. 1993/3084](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084), [reg. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084/regulation/7)
[^c14513291]: Words in [s. 19(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/1) substituted (1.12.2001) by [S.I. 2001/3649](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649), [arts. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/1), [332](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/332)
[^c14513261]: [S. 19(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/2) repealed (1.1.1994) by [S.I. 1993/3084](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084), [reg.8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084/regulation/8)
[^c20382101]: [S. 19(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/4) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/3), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14513331]: Words in [s. 21(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/21/6) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/17); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513341]: [1987 c. 43](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1987/43).
[^c14513361]: S. 24(4) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513371]: Words in s. 24(6) repealed (25.10.1999) by 1999 C. 26, ss. 29, 44, Sch. 6 paras. 1, 2, Sch. 9(7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [arts. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513391]: S. 24A inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/6); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513401]: Words in s. 24A repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513431]: Words in [s. 25(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 40(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/40/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513441]: Words in s. 25(2)(b) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1),4(2), Sch. 9(7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513451]: [S. 25(5A)(5B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/5A/5B) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [4(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/4/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513471]: [S. 25(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/8) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 40(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/40/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513481]: [S. 25(9)-(11)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/9) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [4(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/4/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513531]: Words in s. 26(1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 41(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/41/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513541]: S. 26(2) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [5(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/5/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513551]: S. 26(7) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 41(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/41/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513561]: S. 26(8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [5(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/5/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513581]: Words in [s. 31(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/1) inserted (25.10.1999) by 1999 C. 26, s. 29, Sch. 6 paras. 1, 6(1)(2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with Sch. 3 para. 4 )
[^c14513591]: Words in [s. 31(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/2) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513601]: Words in 31(2) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513611]: [S. 31(2A)-(2C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/2A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/1/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513641]: Words in [s. 31(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/3) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513651]: [S. 31(4)-(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/4) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513691]: [S. 32(3)(aa)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/3/aa) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 8(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/8/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513701]: Word in [s. 32(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/3) repealed (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513711]: [S. 32(3)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/3/d) and the word preceeding it inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 8(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/8/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513721]: [S. 32(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/7) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.42](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/42); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513731]: [S. 32A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32A) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/9); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c20382161]: [S. 34(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/34/5/c) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 53(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/53/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14513761]: In s. 34(5), the second sentence repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 7 para. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/18), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908) art. 2(1), Sch. 1
[^c14513771]: Words in [s. 35(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/35/5) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 19(a)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/19/a/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908) art. 2(1), Sch.1
[^c20382211]: [S. 36(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/36/1A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 53(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/53/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20382231]: [S. 36(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/36/5) added (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 53(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/53/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20382291]: [S. 37(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37/4) added (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 53(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/53/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14513801]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513811]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513821]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513831]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513841]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513791]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20382361]: Words in [s. 41(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/41/3) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/4), [S.I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/I). 2005/872, {art. 4}, Sch. (with arts. 6-21)
[^c14513871]: Words in [s. 43(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/43/1/b) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 43(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/43/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513881]: Word in [s. 43(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/43/1/b) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513891]: [S. 43(1)(ba)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/43/1/ba) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 43(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/43/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513901]: Words in s. 44(2)(4) substituted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 44(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/44/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513921]: S. 44(5) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 44(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/44/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513941]: Words in [s. 45(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45/1) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/45); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513951]: [S. 45(5)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45/5) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 45(5) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 11(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/11/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/1/2), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513981]: [S 45A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 11(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/11/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513991]: Words in [s. 45A(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45A/6) substituted (1.4.1996) by [1995 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40), [ss. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40/section/5), [7(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40/section/7/2), [Sch. 4 para. 85](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40/schedule/4/paragraph/85)
[^c14514001]: [S. 45B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/12); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514021]: [S. 45C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/12); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514031]: [S. 45C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C) (aa) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514041]: Words in [s. 45C(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/2/a) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/3), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514051]: [S. 45C(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/3/4) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/4), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514071]: [S. 45C(5A)-(5C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/5A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514101]: Words in [s. 45C(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/6) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514111]: [S. 45C(7)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/7) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6), [paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/1), [7(1)(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/7/1/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514141]: [S. 45D](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45D) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26) s. 29, Sch. 6 paras. 1, 8; [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c20382381]: Words in [s. 46(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/46/2) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [s. 52(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/52/2), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2), [S.I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/I). 2005/872, {art. 4}, Sch. (with arts. 6-21)
[^c20382391]: [S. 46(4A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/46/4A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 52(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/52/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20382411]: Words in [s. 46(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/46/5) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 52(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/52/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20382451]: [S. 46(5A)(5B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/46/5A/5B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 52(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/52/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14514151]: Words in [s. 49(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/46); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514161]: [S. 49(3)(aa)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/aa) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514171]: Words in [s. 49(3)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/d) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514181]: Words in [s. 49(3)(d)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/d/ii) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514191]: [S. 49(3A)-(3C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514201]: [S. 49(5A)(5B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/5A/5B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/d); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/11))(d); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514211]: [S. 49(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/8) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/e); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514221]: [S. 51A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/51A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514231]: Word in [s. 52(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/1/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514241]: [S. 52(1)(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/1/e) and the word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/2/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514251]: Words in [s. 52(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/2/b) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/2/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514261]: [S. 52(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/2A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514271]: [S. 52(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/2B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/2/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514281]: Words in [s. 54(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/54/1) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/9) Sch.9(7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c20382541]: Words in [s. 54(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/54/3) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/5); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14514291]: Words in [s. 55(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/55/2/b) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [10(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/10/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514301]: [S. 55(5A)-(5C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/55/5A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [10(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/10/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514331]: [S. 55(8)-(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/55/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [10(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/10/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514361]: [S. 56(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/56/2) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [11(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/11/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514371]: [S. 56(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/56/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [11(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/11/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514381]: [S. 56A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/56A) inserted (25.10.1999) [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/12); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/1) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514401]: Words in [s. 58(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/58/3/b) substituted (19.7.1995) by [1995 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26), [ss. 126](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26/section/126), [180(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26/section/180/2), [Sch. 4 Pt. III para. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/15)
[^c14514411]: Words in [s. 62(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/62/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 47(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/47/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514421]: [S. 62(2)(a)-(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/62/2/a) and proviso substituted (30.8.1993) for 62(2)(a)-(c) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 47(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/47/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20382731]: Word in [s. 62(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/62/2/b) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 24(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/24/2), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20382741]: [S. 62(2)(bb)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/62/2/bb) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 24(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/24/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14514431]: Words in [s. 64(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/64/5) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.48](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/48); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14514511]: Word in [s. 65(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/2) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514521]: [S. 65(2)(f)-(j)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/2/f) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 16(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/16/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514531]: Words in [s. 65(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/3) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3) Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514541]: Word in [s. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514551]: [S. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) definition amended (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 49(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/49/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514561]: [S. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) definition inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/16/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514571]: [S. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) definition and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 49(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/49/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514601]: Words in [s. 66(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/66/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14514611]: [S. 66(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/66/4) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 50](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/50); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c20382791]: Words in [s. 67(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/1) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20382811]: [S. 67(2)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/2/4) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/3), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20382971]: Words in [s. 67(5)(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/5/7) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/4), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14514741]: Words in [s. 67](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14514761]: Words in [s. 67(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 51(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/51/a/i); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14514771]: Words in [s. 67(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8/a) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/2/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14514781]: Words in [s. 67(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8/b) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 230](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/230), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/2/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20383011]: Words in [s. 67(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/4), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20382951]: [S. 67(8A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8A) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14514801]: [S. 67(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/9) repealed (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 8 para. 51(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/51/b), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14514891]: [S. 68](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68) substituted (23.6.1998) by [S.I. 1998/1529](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529), [arts. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/2/2), [3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/3)
[^c14515001]: [Ss. 68](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68), [68A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 68 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/15), [Sch. 9 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/9/paragraph/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515011]: Words in [s. 68A(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/1/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14515021]: [S. 68A(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/2) substituted (23.6.1998) by [S.I. 1998/1529](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529), [arts. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/2/2), [3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/3)
[^c14515041]: Words in [s. 68A(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/4/a) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/4/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14515051]: Words in [s. 68A(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/4/b) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/4/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14514811]: Heading substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/15), [Sch. 9 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/9/paragraph/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515071]: [S. 70A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70A) of Chapter VA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1/2), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44)
[^c14515081]: [S. 70A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14515091]: [Ss. 70B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70B), [70C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70C) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/5); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/b)
[^c14515101]: [S. 70B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70B) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14515111]: [Ss. 70B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70B), [70C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70C) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/5); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/b)
[^c14515121]: [S. 70C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70C) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14515131]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14515061]: [S. 70A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70A) of Chapter VA Pt. I and Chapter heading inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1/2); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/a)
[^c14515141]: 1972. c.70
[^c14515151]: [1973 c.65](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1973/65)
[^c14515161]: [S. 72A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/72A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [13](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/13); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515171]: Word in [s. 74(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/74/3) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515181]: Words in [s. 74(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/74/3) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515191]: Words in [s. 75(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515201]: [S. 75(3)(aa)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/aa) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515211]: Words in [s. 75(3)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/d) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(c)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/c/i); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515221]: Words in [s. 75(3)(d)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/d/ii) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(c)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/c/ii); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515231]: [S. 75(3A)-(3C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/d); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515241]: [S. 75(5A)(5B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/5A/5B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/e); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515251]: [S. 75(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/8) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(f)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/f); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515261]: [S. 77A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/77A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/3); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515271]: Word in [s. 78(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/1/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515281]: [S.78(1)(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/1/e) and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/4/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515291]: Words in [s. 78(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/2/b) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 4(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/4/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515301]: [S. 78(2A)(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/2A/2B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 4(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/4/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515311]: Words in [s. 79(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/79/1) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/14), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515321]: Words in [s. 80(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/80/2/b) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [15(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/15/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2380](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515331]: [S. 80(5A)-(5C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/80/5A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [15(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/15/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515361]: [S. 80(8)-(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/80/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [15(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/15/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515391]: [S. 81(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/81/2) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [16(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/16/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515401]: [S. 81(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/81/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [16(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/16/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515411]: S. 82(2A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [17(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/17/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515421]: S. 82(3A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [17(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/17/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c20383341]: S. 82(4A)(4(B) substituted for s. 82(4) (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/6); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14515441]: S. 87 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/6); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1) (with [art. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/3/2))
[^c14515451]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14515461]: [1992 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52).
[^c14515511]: S. 88 repealed (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/2); [S.I. 1998/2658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658/schedule/1) (with [art. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658/article/3/3))
[^c14515521]: Words in [s. 97(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/97/1/b) and (2)(b) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/52); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515541]: Words in [s. 98(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/98/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/53); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20383371]: [S. 98(2)-(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/98/2) substituted for s. 98(2) (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14515551]: Words in [s. 99(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/99/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.54](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/54); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515561]: [S. 99(3A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/99/3A) added (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/5); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515571]: [Ss. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515581]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515591]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515601]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515611]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515621]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515631]: [S. 101(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/101/3) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.55](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/55); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515651]: [S. 103(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/103/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 56](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/56); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515661]: [S. 103(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/103/2A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [18(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/18/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/1) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515671]: [S. 103(6)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/103/6) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [18(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/18/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c20383451]: Word in [s. 103(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/103/8) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/7); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14515711]: Words in [s. 106(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/106/2) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 57(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/57/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515721]: Words in [s. 106(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/106/4) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 57(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/57/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20383391]: [Ss. 101A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/101A), [101B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/101B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14515741]: [S. 108A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A)-C of Chapter VIIA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/19); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515751]: [S. 108A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A)-C of Chapter VIIA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/19); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515761]: [S. 108A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A)-C of Chapter VIIA Pt. I inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26) s. 29, Sch. 6 para. 1, 19; [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515731]: [S. 108A-108C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A) of Chapter VIIA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/19);[S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515771]: Pt I Chapter VIII (ss.109-114) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14515851]: [S. 115](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/115) shall cease to have effect (1.4.1996) by virtue of [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 7(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/7/1/4), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10)
[^c14515861]: [S. 116](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/116) shall cease to have effect (1.4.1996) by virtue of [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 7(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/7/1/4), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10)
[^c14515901]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14515931]: Words in [s. 117(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/117/5) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.61](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/61); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515961]: Words in s. 118(4)(c) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 62(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/62/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14515971]: Word in s. 118(4)(c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515981]: S. 118(4)(ca) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 62(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/62/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20383551]: S. 118(8) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/55/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14515991]: Definitions inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.63](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/63); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20383491]: [S. 116A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/116A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 55(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/55/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14516011]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14516021]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c20383661]: Words in [s. 126(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/126/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 51(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/51/2/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20383671]: [S. 126(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/126/2) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 51(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/51/2/b), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20383681]: Words in [s. 126(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/126/3) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 51(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/51/2/c), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14516041]: [S. 127(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/127/3) repealed (21.12.2002) by [S.I. 2002/3203](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/3203), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/3203/article/4)
[^c14516051]: Words in [s. 129(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/129/3) repealed (1.12.2001) by [S.I. 2001/3649](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649), [arts. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/1), [333](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/333)
[^c14516101]: Words in [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/131/1) substituted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 64(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/64/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14516111]: Words in [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/131/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 64(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/64/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516121]: Words in [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/131/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 64(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/64/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516141]: Words in [s. 132](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/132) substituted and s. 132 renumbered as 132(1) (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [20(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/20/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14516151]: [S. 132(2)-(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/132/2) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [S. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [20(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/20/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 para. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/paragraph/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14516171]: [S. 133](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/133) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 65](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/65); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20383721]: Word in [s. 133(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/133/2/b) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/3/a), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20383771]: [S. 133(2)(ba)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/133/2/ba) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/3/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20383791]: Words in [s. 133(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/133/2/c) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/3/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14516181]: Words in [s. 133(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/133/2/c) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/21); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 para. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/paragraph/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14516211]: Words in [s. 135(3)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/135/3/c) substituted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 66(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/66/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14516221]: Word in [s. 135(3)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/135/3/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516231]: [S. 135(3)(ca)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/135/3/ca) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 66(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/66/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516241]: Words in [s. 137(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/137/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516251]: Words in [s. 138(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/138/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516261]: Words in [s. 139(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/139/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516291]: Words in [s. 140(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/140/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516301]: Words in [s. 140(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/140/4) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/6) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14516311]: Words in [s. 142(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/142/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516321]: Words in [s. 143(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/143/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20384511]: Words in [s. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) sidenote substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516341]: [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (1.9.1999) by 1999/2256, art. 3, Sch.
[^c20384191]: [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20395521]: [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c20384231]: Words in [s. 146(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516351]: Words in [s. 146(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1) substituted (25.20.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384581]: Words in [s. 146(1)(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/3/4) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/8); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384671]: Word in [s. 146(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/b) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/2), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384681]: [S. 146(1)(ba)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/ba) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384761]: Words in [s. 146(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by Employment Relations Act 2004, c. 24, {ss. 31(3)(a)}, 59(2)-(4); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384321]: Word in [s. 146(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/3/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384811]: Words in [s. 146(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2/b) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/3/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384281]: Words in [s. 146(2)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2/4) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384341]: Words in [s. 146(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/3/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384851]: [S. 146(2A)-(2D)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516361]: Words in [s. 146(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/3) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384421]: Words in [s. 146(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516371]: Words in [s. 146(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/4) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384451]: Words in [s. 146(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/5) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516381]: Words in [s. 146(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/5) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384491]: [S. 146(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/5A) substituted for s. 146(6) (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516431]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20385011]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20395561]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14516441]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147): “(1)" inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [3(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/3/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516451]: Words in [s. 147(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516461]: Words in [s. 147(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147/1/a) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/3/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516471]: [S. 147(2)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147/2/3) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [3(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/3/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20395581]: Words in [s. 148(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/1) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/9); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516501]: Words in [s. 148(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [4(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/4/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516511]: Words in [s. 148(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/2) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 para. 4(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/4/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20395601]: [S. 148(3)-(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/3) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/5), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516571]: Words in [s. 149(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/149/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516581]: Words in [s. 149(1)-(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/149/1)(6) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516631]: Words in [s. 150(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/150/1/a) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [6(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/6/a); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20395661]: Words in [s. 150(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/150/1/a) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/10); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516641]: Words in [s. 150(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/150/1/b) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [6(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/6/b); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I). (with Sch. 3 para. 1)
[^c20395691]: Words in [s. 151(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/1) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/6), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395701]: [S. 151(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/1A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395741]: [S. 151(1B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/1B) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/8), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395761]: Words in [s. 151(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/9), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516651]: Words in [s. 151(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20384981]: Words in cross-heading substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566)), art. 3 (with arts. 4-8)
[^c20395851]: [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) sidenote: words inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/10), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516671]: [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20396131]: [Ss. 152-154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20396111]: [Ss. 152-154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14516681]: Words in [s. 152(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch.1 para. 56(7)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/7/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20396021]: Words in [s. 152(1)(a)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/1/a/b) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/2), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395881]: [S. 152(1)(ba)(bb)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/1/ba/bb) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395921]: Word in [s. 152(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/3/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395951]: Words in [s. 152(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/2) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/3/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395971]: [S. 152(2A)(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/2A/2B) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396041]: Words in [s. 152(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/4) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/5), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2/4), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396001]: [S. 152(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/5) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516701]: [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (25.10.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/3), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule)
[^c20396171]: [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/2964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/2964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/2964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/2964/schedule)
[^c20396181]: [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14516711]: Words in [s. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(7)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/7/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20396071]: [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 35](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/35), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14516781]: [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) modified (25.10.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20396191]: [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20396201]: [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14516831]: [S. 155](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155) excluded (E.W.) (21.5.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/article/2), [Sch. paras. 131](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/131), [139](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/139)
[^c14516841]: Words in [s. 155(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20396221]: Word in [s. 155(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/2/b) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 11(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/11/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396251]: [S. 155(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/2/d) and preceding word inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 11(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/11/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396271]: [S. 155(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/2A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 11(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/11/3); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14517071]: S. 156: power to amend conferred (17.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 34(1)(f)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/34/1/f); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c14517081]: Words in s. 156(1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(9)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/9/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517101]: Words in s. 156(2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(9)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/9/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517161]: [S. 157](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/157) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 33(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/33/1/b), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/8))
[^c14517491]: [S. 158](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/158) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 33(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/33/1/b), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/8))
[^c14517511]: Words in [s. 159](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/159) and s. 159(a), s. 159(2)(3) repealed (17.12.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/I). 19993374, art. 2(3), Sch.
[^c14517521]: [S. 159(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/159/1/b) repealed (25.10.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3/a)
[^c14517531]: Words in [s. 160(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/160/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20396521]: Words in [s. 161(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/161/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/12); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14517541]: Words in [s. 162(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/162/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517551]: Words in [s. 164(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/164/1/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.69](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/69); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14517561]: Words in [s. 165(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/165/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517581]: Words in [s. 166(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/166/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517591]: Words in [s. 166(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/166/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/22); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14517621]: Words in [s. 167(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517631]: Words in [s. 167(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(b)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/b/i) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517641]: Words in [s. 167(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(b)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/b/ii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517651]: Words in [s. 167(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(b)(iii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/b/iii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20395821]: [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) cross-heading: words inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2566/article/4))
[^c20413891]: [S. 168(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168/1/c) and preceding word inserted (28.7.1999) by [The Collective Redundancies and Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) (Amendment) Regulations 1999 (S.I. 1999/1925)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [reg. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/14)
[^c14517661]: [S. 168(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168/3/4) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7) (with [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/15)); [S.I. 2000/242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242/article/2/1) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242/article/4))
[^c14517681]: Words in [s. 168(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517721]: [S. 169](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7) (with [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/15)); [S.I. 2000/2424](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424/article/4))
[^c20413981]: [S. 169](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169) applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517731]: Word in [s. 169(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/3), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517741]: Words in [s. 169(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169/5) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517761]: [S. 170(2A)-(2C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/170/2A) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/4), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517771]: Words in [s. 170(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/170/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517781]: [S. 170(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/170/5) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/5), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517811]: S. 171 applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7), (with s. 15); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20414001]: S. 171 applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517821]: Words in s. 171 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517831]: Word in s. 171 inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/19); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517851]: [S. 172](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/172) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26) s. 10(7) (with s. 15); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20414021]: [S. 172](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/172) applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517861]: Word in [s. 172(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/172/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/20); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517891]: [S. 173](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7),(with s. 15); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20414031]: [S. 173](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173) applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517901]: Word in [s. 173(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 21(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/21/a); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517911]: Word in [s. 173(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 21(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/21/a); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517921]: Words in [s. 173(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517931]: [S. 173(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/3/4) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/6), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c20479211]: [S. 168A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168A) inserted (27.4.2003) by [Employment Act 2002 (c. 22)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/2), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517971]: [Ss. 174-177](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c20396541]: [S. 174](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) extended (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20396561]: Words in [s. 174(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174/2/d) substituted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20396581]: [S. 174(4)-(4B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174/4) substituted for s. 174(4) (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14517981]: Words in [s. 174(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174/5) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518001]: Ss. 174-177 and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14518011]: Words in s. 175 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518581]: Ss. 174-177 and cross-heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14518591]: S. 176: power to amend conferred (17.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 34(1)(g)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/34/1/g); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2/a), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c20413161]: S. 176 extended (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14518601]: Words in s. 176 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20413181]: S. 176(1A)-(1D) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413261]: Words in s. 176(2) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/8/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413321]: Words in s. 176(2) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/8/b), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a/c) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413201]: Words in s. 176(3)(a) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14518641]: Words in s. 176(6)(a) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(13)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/13/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14518651]: Words in s. 176(6)(b) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(13)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/13/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20413341]: Words in s. 176(6) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(11)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/11), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a/c) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413231]: S. 176(6A)(6B) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14518671]: S. 176(7) repealed (17.12.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2/b), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c14518681]: S. 176(8) repealed (17.12.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2/b), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c14518701]: [Ss. 174-177](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14518711]: Words in [s. 177(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/177/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517951]: [Ss. 174-177](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch.2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c20383931]: Ss. 145A-145F and preceding cross-heading inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/29), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14518721]: [S. 181](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 181](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414141]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414081]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518731]: [S. 182](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/182) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 182](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/182) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414161]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414101]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518741]: [S. 183](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/183) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 183](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/183) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414171]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414111]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518751]: [S. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/184) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/184) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414181]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414121]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518761]: [S. 185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/185) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/185) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414191]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414131]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518771]: [S. 187(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/187/2): by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/23) it is provided (30.8.1993) that para. (c) shall become sub para. (iii) of para. (b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14518781]: [S. 187(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/187/2/c) and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/23); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14518991]: Words in sidenote to s. 188 omitted (26.10.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/10)
[^c14519001]: [S. 188(1)(1A)(1B)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/1/1A/1B/2) substituted for s. 188(1)(2) (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/2)
[^c14519011]: Words in [s. 188(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/1) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by 1999/1925, regs. 2(2), 3(1)(2)
[^c14519021]: [S. 188(1B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/1B) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by 1999/1925, regs. 3(1)(3)
[^c14519031]: Word in [s. 188(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/4) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/3)
[^c14519041]: Word in [s. 188(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/4/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519051]: [S. 188(4)(f)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/4/f) and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/2/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519061]: Words in [s. 188(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/4/a)
[^c14519071]: Words in [s. 188(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/4/b)
[^c14519081]: [S. 188(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5A) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/5)
[^c14519091]: Words in [s. 188(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5A) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by 1999/1925, regs. 2(2), 3(1)(4)
[^c14519101]: [S. 188(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/6) omitted (26.10.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/6)
[^c14519111]: Words in [s. 188(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/7)
[^c14519121]: Words in [s. 188(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/2/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519131]: [S. 188(7A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7A) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/8)
[^c14519141]: [S. 188(7A)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7A/a) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [3(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/3/1/5)
[^c14519151]: [S. 188(7B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7B) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [3(1)(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/3/1/6)
[^c14519161]: Words in [s. 188(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/8) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/9)
[^c14519171]: [S. 188A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188A) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg 2(2) of the commencing S.I) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/4)
[^c14519341]: Words in sidenote to s. 189 omitted (26.10.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/5)
[^c14519351]: [S. 189(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/1) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of the commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [5(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/5/1/2)
[^c14519361]: [S. 189(1A)(1B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/1A/1B) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of the commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [5(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/5/1/3)
[^c14519381]: Words in [s. 189(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/4) omitted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by virute of [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [5(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/5/1/4)
[^c14519391]: Words in [s. 189(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/a) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/a)
[^c14519401]: Word in [s. 189(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/b) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(b)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/b/i)
[^c14519411]: Words in [s. 189(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/b) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(b)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/b/ii)
[^c14519421]: Words in [s. 189(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/c) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/c)
[^c14519521]: Words in [s. 190(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14519531]: [S. 190(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/3) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 34(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/3), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10)
[^c14519541]: Words in [s. 190(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/4) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(14)(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/14/a/i) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519551]: Words in [s. 190(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/4) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(14)(a)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/14/a/ii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519561]: Words in [s. 190(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/5) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(b)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/b/i) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519571]: Words in [s. 190(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/5) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(b)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/b/ii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519581]: Words in [s. 190(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/5) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(b)(iii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/b/iii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519591]: Words in [s. 191(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/191/1/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.70](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/70); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519601]: Words in [s. 192](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/192) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518811]: Words in heading omitted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/10)
[^c14519641]: Word in [s. 193(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/2) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/2/a)
[^c14519651]: Words in [s. 193(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/2) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/2/b)
[^c14519661]: [S. 193(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/4/b) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/3)
[^c14519671]: Words in [s. 193(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/6) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/4/a)
[^c14519681]: Words in [s. 193(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/6) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/4/b)
[^c14519691]: Words in [s. 193(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/7) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519701]: [S. 195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/195) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/5); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519721]: [S. 196](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/6)
[^c14519731]: Words in [s. 196(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196/1) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [6(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/6/1/2)
[^c14519741]: Words in [s. 196(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196/1) added (28.7.1999 subject to art. 2(2) of the commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [6(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/6/1/3)
[^c14519751]: [S. 196(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196/3) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [6(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/6/1/4)
[^c14519771]: Words in [s. 198(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/198/1/b) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/71)
[^c14519781]: Words in [s. 198(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/198/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518791]: [Pt. IV Ch. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/part/IV/chapter/II) (ss. 188-198) modified (3.4.1995) by [1994 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19), [s. 44(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/section/44/1/b) (with [ss. 54(5)(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/section/54/5/7), [55(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/section/55/5), [Sch. 17 para. 22(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/schedule/17/paragraph/22/1), [23(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/schedule/17/paragraph/23/2)); [S.I. 1995/852](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/852), [art. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/852/article/7), [Sch. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/852/schedule/26)
[^c14519791]: Words in [s. 199(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/199/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/7), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14519811]: [S. 200(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/200/3) substituted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/8), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14519831]: Words in [s. 203(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/203/1/b) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/7), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14519841]: Words in [s. 207(2)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/207/2/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20396661]: [S. 207A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/207A) inserted (6.4.2009) by [Employment Act 2008 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24), [ss. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/3/2), [22(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/22/1/a); [S.I. 2008/3232](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/2) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/3), [Sch. paras. 1-5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/schedule/paragraph/1))
[^c14519881]: Words in [s. 209](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/209) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519891]: Words in [s.209](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/209) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/26), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I)
[^c20414641]: [S. 210](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/210) applied (6.4.2005) by [The Information and Consultation of Employees Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/3426)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3426), [reg. 38(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3426/regulation/38/2) (with [reg. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3426/regulation/3))
[^c20414661]: [S. 210](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/210) applied (18.8.2006) by [The European Cooperative Society (Involvement of Employees) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/2059)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/2059), [reg. 39(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/2059/regulation/39/2)
[^c14519901]: Words in [s. 211(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/211/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14519921]: Words in [s. 212(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212/5) substituted (31.1.1997) by virtue of [1996 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23), [s. 107(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/107/1), [Sch. 3 para. 56](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/schedule/3/paragraph/56) (with [s. 81(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/81/2); [S.I. 1996/3146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146/article/3), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146/schedule/2))
[^c14519981]: [S. 212A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/7); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14519991]: Words in [s. 212A(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A/1) inserted (6.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [s. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [Sch. 7 para. 22(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/22/a); [S.I. 2002/2866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/article/2/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/1/part/3) (with [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/3))
[^c14520001]: [S. 212A(1)(za)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A/1/za) inserted (6.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [s. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [Sch. 7 para. 22(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/22/b); [S.I. 2002/2866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/article/2/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/1/part/3) (with [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/3))
[^c14520011]: Words in [s. 212A(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A/1/a) substituted (6.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [s. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [Sch. 7 para. 22(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/22/c); [S.I. 2002/2866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/article/2/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/1/part/3) (with [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/3))
[^c14520021]: [1996 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23).
[^c14520031]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14520041]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14520051]: [S. 212B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212B) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/7); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14520061]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14520071]: [S. 213](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/213) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 43(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/43/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20396681]: [S. 210A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/210A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/21), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14520081]: [1972 c. 59](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1972/59).
[^c14520091]: S. 219 excluded (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/5) S. 219 excluded (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/5)
[^c20451181]: S. 219 excluded (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [reg. 5(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/regulation/5/2)
[^c14520101]: Words in s. 219(4) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/72); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520111]: [S. 222](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/222) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c14520121]: [S. 223](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/223) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c14520131]: [S. 224](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/224) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c14520191]: S. 226 applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520201]: S. 226(1)(a)(b) substituted (30.8.1993) for words by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 18(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/18/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520211]: Words in s. 226(1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 73(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/73/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520221]: S. 226(2)(a)-(c) and proviso substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 226(2)(a)-(c) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 73(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/73/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520231]: Words in s. 226(2)(a)(ii) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520241]: Words in [s. 226(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226/2/b) omitted (18.9.2000) by virtue of [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [45(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45/1), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/2), [Sch. 9(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/1); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520251]: S. 226(2)(bb) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transtitional provisions in [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/section/4))
[^c14520261]: Words in s. 226(3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 73(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/73/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520271]: S. 226(3A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/1/3) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/article/4))
[^c14520301]: [S. 226A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 18(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/18/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520311]: [S. 226A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520341]: [S. 226B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520351]: [S. 226B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226B) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520361]: [S. 226C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226C) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520371]: [S. 226C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226C) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520391]: [S. 227](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/227) applied by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c20396921]: Words in [s. 227(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/227/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/23), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14520401]: [S. 227(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/227/2) omitted (18.9.2000 and repealed*prosp.*) by virtue of [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/4), [Sch. 9(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/1); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520431]: [Ss. 228](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228), [228A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228A) substituted for s. 228 (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/5); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520441]: [S. 228](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5)
[^c14520451]: [Ss. 228](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228), [228A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228A) substituted for 228 (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/5); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520461]: [s. 228A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/C)
[^c14520501]: [S. 229](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14520511]: [S. 229(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/1A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520521]: [S. 229(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/2A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [6(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/6/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520531]: Words in [s. 229(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 25](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/25); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520541]: Words in [s. 229(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/4) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [6(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/6/1/3); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20396941]: Word in [s. 229(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/4) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 13](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/13); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14520571]: [S. 230](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/230) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520581]: [S. 230(2)(2A)-(2C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/230/2/2A) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 230(2)(3) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/17); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520591]: [S. 230(2A)(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/230/2A/2B) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/7); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520611]: S. 231 applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520621]: [S. 231A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/19); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520631]: [S. 231A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520641]: [S. 231B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/3); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520651]: [S. 231B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231B) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520661]: [S. 232](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520671]: Words in [s. 232(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 74(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/74/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520681]: [S. 232(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232/2) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 74(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/74/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520691]: [S. 232A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/8); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transtitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520701]: [S. 232B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232B) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/9); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20396961]: Words in [s. 232B(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232B/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 24(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/24/1/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20396981]: Words in [s. 232B(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232B/2) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 24(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/24/1/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14520711]: s. 233 applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c20397001]: Words in [s. 233(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/233/3/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/14); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14520731]: [S. 234](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520741]: [S. 234(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234/1) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/10); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520791]: S. 234A and cross-heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/21); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520801]: S. 234A applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520831]: Words in s. 234A(7) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/4/a); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2)( with transitional provisions in art. 4)
[^c14520841]: Words in s. 234A(7)(a) ceased to have effect (18.9.2000) and repealed (*prosp.*) by virtue of [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/4/b), [Sch. 9(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/1)
[^c14520851]: S.234A(7A)(7B) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/5); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520871]: Words in s. 234A(9) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/6); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520881]: [S. 235](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520891]: Words in [s. 235](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.75](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/75); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520761]: [S. 234A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234A) and cross heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/21); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520921]: [Ss. 235A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235A)- 235C and cross heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/22); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520941]: [S. 235B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235B) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14520961]: [S. 235C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235C) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14520911]: [Ss. 235A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235A)- 235C and cross heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/22); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521221]: S. 237(1A) inserted (10.6.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 76](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/76); [S.I. 1994/1365](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/2), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/schedule) (with [art. 3(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/3/1))
[^c14521231]: Words in s. 237(1A) and s. 237(1A)(a)(b) substituted for words in s. 237(1A) (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/9), [Sch. 4 Pt. III paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/1), [2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/2/a); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830); art. 2(2), Sch. 1 Pt. II (with Sch. 3 paras. 10, 11)
[^c20414881]: Words in s. 237(1A)(a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 40(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/40/8/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20414961]: Words in s. 237(1A)(a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 41(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/41/1/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20414921]: Words in s. 237(1A)(a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 40(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/40/8/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 4005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/4005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/4005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/4005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/4005/872/article/6))
[^c20414981]: Words in s. 237(1A)(a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 41(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/41/1/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4) Sch. (with arts. 6-21)
[^c14521241]: Words in s. 237(1A) inserted (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1), [2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2/b); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/II) (with [paras. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/paragraph/10), [11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/paragraph/11))
[^c14521251]: [1971 c. 80](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/80).
[^c14521461]: Words in s. 238(2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14521471]: S. 238(2A) inserted (10.6.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 77](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/77); [S.I. 1994/1365](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/2), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/schedule) (with [art. 3(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/3/1))
[^c14521481]: Words in S. 238(2A) substituted (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/9), [Sch. 4 Pt III para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/paragraph/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/II) (with [Sch. 3 para. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/10), [11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/11))
[^c20415471]: Words in s. 238(2A)(a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 40(9)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/40/9/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20415551]: Words in s. 238(2A)(a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 41(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/41/2/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20415521]: Words in s. 238(2A)(a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 40(9)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/40/9/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20415561]: Words in s. 238(2A)(a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 41(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/41/2/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14521491]: Words in s. 238(2A) inserted (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/9), [Sch. 4 Pt. III para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/II) (with [Sch. 3 paras. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/10), [11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/11))
[^c14521501]: S. 238(2B) inserted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/2); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521511]: [S. 238A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A) inserted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/3); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c20397271]: Words in [s. 238A(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A/3) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 27(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/27/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20397191]: Words in [s. 238A(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A/3) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 26(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/26/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20397311]: Words in [s. 238A(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A/4/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 27(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/27/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20397341]: Words in [s. 238A(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A/5/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 27(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/27/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20397431]: [S. 238A(6)(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A/6/e) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 28(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/28/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20397211]: [S. 238A(7A)-(7D)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A/7A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 26(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/26/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20397411]: [S. 238A(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A/9) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 27(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/27/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14521611]: Words in [s. 239(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/1) substituted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/2); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521621]: Words in [s. 239(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(16)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/16/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14521631]: Words in [s. 239(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/1) added (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/3); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521641]: Words in [s. 239(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/2) inserted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/4); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521651]: Words in [s. 239(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(16)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/16/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14521661]: Words in [s. 239(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14521671]: Words in [s. 239(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/3) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(16)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/16/c) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14521681]: [S. 239(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/4) added (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/5); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c20397561]: [S. 238B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 28(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/28/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14521691]: [1977 c. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1977/45).
[^c14521721]: [S. 246](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/246) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14521731]: Words in [s. 246](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/246) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 7 para. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/26), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521741]: Words in definition of “*strike*” in s. 246 inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [6(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/6/4); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14521751]: [1947 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1947/44).
[^c14521761]: [1857 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1857/44).
[^c14521771]: [1947 c. 39](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1947/39).
[^c14521781]: Words in [s. 249(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/249/2) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/43/3), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521791]: Words in [s. 249(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/249/2) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/43/3); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521801]: [S. 250](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/250): transfer of functions (1.4.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/269](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/269), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/269/article/3), [Sch. para. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/269/schedule/paragraph/21)
[^c14521811]: [S. 251A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/251A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/44); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521821]: Words in [s. 253(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/253/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 27(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/27/1); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/3))
[^c14521831]: [S. 254(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/254/5A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.78](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/78); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521851]: S. 256(2)(2A) substituted for s. 256(2) (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/22)
[^c14521861]: S. 256(4) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521871]: Ss. 256A, 256B inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/23); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c20381701]: S. 256A(4)(a) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14521901]: [1898 c. 35](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1898/35).
[^c14521911]: [1978 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/23).
[^c14521921]: [Ss. 256A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/256A), [256B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/256B) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/23); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14521931]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14521941]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14521951]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14521961]: Words in [s. 258(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/258/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6), [paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/1), [24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/24); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c20397841]: [S. 256ZA](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/256ZA) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 48](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/48), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14521971]: [S. 260(1)-(3A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/260/1) substituted for s. 260(1)-(3) (22.2.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/24); [S.I. 2000/420](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/420), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/420/article/2) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/420/article/3))
[^c14522051]: Words in s. 263(6) substituted (31.1.1997) by [1996 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23), [s. 107(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/107/1), [Sch. 3 para. 56](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/schedule/3/paragraph/56) (with [s. 81(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/81/2)); [S.I. 1996/3146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146/article/3)
[^c14522061]: [1972 c. 59](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1972/59).
[^c14522071]: S. 263(7) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 25(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/2); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2)
[^c14522081]: [S. 263A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/263A) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 25(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/3); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c20397861]: [S. 263A(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/263A/8) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/15); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14522091]: Words in [s. 264(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/264/1) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 25(1)(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/4/a); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c14522101]: Words in [s. 264(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/264/2) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 25(1)(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/4/b); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c14522111]: Words in [s. 265(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/265/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 27(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/27/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/3))
[^c14522151]: [S. 266](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/266) and cross heading immdiately preceding it repealed (25.10.2001) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I)
[^c14522201]: [S. 267](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/267) repealed (25.10.1999) by 1999 C. 26, s. 44, Sch. 9(6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522241]: [S. 268](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/268) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522341]: [S. 269](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/269) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522381]: [S. 270](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/270) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522421]: [S. 271](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/271) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2), [Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522131]: [S. 266](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/266) and the cross heading immediately preceding it repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522451]: Words in [s. 273(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/273/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/8); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule)
[^c14522461]: [S. 273(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/273/4/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14522481]: Words in [s. 274](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/274) substituted (1.4.1997) by [1996 c. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14), [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14/section/131/1), [Sch. 10 para. 24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14/schedule/10/paragraph/24) (with [s. 72(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14/section/72/5)); [S.I. 1997/305](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/305), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/305/article/2/1)
[^c14522551]: Words in [s. 277(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/1) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/a); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522561]: [S. 277(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/1A) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/b); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522571]: Words in [s. 277(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/c); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522581]: Words in [s. 277(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14522591]: Words in [s. 277(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2) repealed (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522601]: [S. 277(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2A) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/d); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522611]: [S. 277(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/3) substituted (30.11.1993) for s. 277(3)-(6) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/e); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522741]: [S. 278(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/2A) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 85(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/85/a); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522751]: Words in [s. 278(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/2A) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14522761]: [1978 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/44).
[^c14522771]: Words in [s. 278(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/3) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 85(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/85/b); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522781]: Words in [s. 278(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/4/c) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 27](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/27); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14522791]: Words in [s. 278(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/6) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(17)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/17) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20415951]: S. 279 renumbered as s. 279(1) (1.4.2004) by virtue of [Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 (c. 43)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43), [ss. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/184), [199(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/199/1/a), [Sch. 11 para. 59(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/11/paragraph/59/1/3) (with savings (W.) by [S.I. 2004/1016](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [art. 88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/88)); [S.I. 2004/288](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288), [art. 5(2)(v)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/5/2/v) (with [art. 7(1)(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/7/1/9) (as amended by [S.I. 2005/2925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925), [art. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925/article/12)) and as amended by [S.I. 2004/866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866/article/2)); [S.I. 2004/480](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480), [art. 4(z)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/4/z) (with [arts. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/6), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/7)) (as amended by [S.I. 2004/1019](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019/article/2/1) and as amended by [S.I. 2006/345](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345), [art. 8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345/article/8/1))
[^c14522981]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.4.1998 subject to art. 3 of [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631)) by [1997 c. 46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46), [s. 41(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/section/41/10), [Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 67(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/schedule/2/part/I/paragraph/67/a); [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631/article/2/1)
[^c20416201]: Words in s. 279(1) omitted (1.4.2004) by virtue of [The Primary Medical Services (Scotland) Act 2004 (Consequential Modifications) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/957)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/article/2), [Sch. para. 7(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/schedule/paragraph/7/a/i) (with savings for effect (S.) by [S.S.I. 2004/163](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163), [art. 99](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163/article/99))
[^c14522991]: Words in s. 279(1)(a) inserted (E.W.) (1.10.2002) by [National Health Service Reform and Health Care Professions Act 2002 (c. 17)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17), ss. 4(3), 42(3), Sch. 3 Pt. 2 para. 13; [S.I. 2002/2478](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478), [art. 3(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/1/c)
[^c14523001]: Words in s. 279(1)(a) inserted (1.10.2002 for E.W. and otherwise prosp.) by [2002 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17), [ss. 2(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/2/5), [42(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/42/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. 2 para. 60](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/schedule/2/part/2/paragraph/60); [S.I. 2002/2478](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478), [art. 3(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/1/d)
[^c20416171]: Words in S. 279(1)(a) repealed (1.4.2004) by virtue of [Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 (c. 43)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43), [ss. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/184), [199(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/199/1/a), [Sch. 11 para. 59(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/11/paragraph/59/1/2), [Sch. 14 Pt. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/14/part/4) (with savings (W.) by [S.I. 2004/1016](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [art. 88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/88)); [S.I. 2004/288](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288), [arts. 5(2)(v)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/5/2/v), [6(2)(k)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/6/2/k) (with [art. 7(1)(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/7/1/9) (as amended by [S.I. 2005/2925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925), [art. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925/article/12)) and as amended by [S.I. 2004/866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866/article/2)); [S.I. 2004/480](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480), [arts. 4(z)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/4/z), [5(2)(k)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/5/2/k) (with [arts. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/6), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/7)) (as amended by [S.I. 2004/1019](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019/article/2/1) and as amended by [S.I. 2006/345](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345), [art. 8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345/article/8/1))
[^c14523031]: [1977 c. 49](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1977/49).
[^c14523041]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.4.1998 subject to art. 3 of [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631)) by [1997 c. 46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46), [s. 41(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/section/41/10), [Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 67(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/schedule/2/part/I/paragraph/67/c); [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631/article/2/1)
[^c14523051]: [1978 c. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/29).
[^c14523062]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.7.2002 for W. and 1.1.2003 for E.) by [2001 c. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15), [ss. 67(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/67/1), [70(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/70/2), [Sch. 5 Pt. 1 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/schedule/5/part/1/paragraph/9) (with [ss. 64(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/64/9), [65(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/65/4)) ; [S.I. 2002/1475](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/1475), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/1475/article/2), [Sch. Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/1475/schedule/part/1); [S.I. 2003/53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/53), [art. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/53/article/2/a)
[^c20381391]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.10.2002) by [National Health Service Reform and Health Care Professions Act 2002 (c. 17)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17), [ss. 2(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/2/5), [42(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/42/3), [Sch. 2 para. 82](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/schedule/2/paragraph/82); [S.I. 2002/2478](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478), [art. 3(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/1/d) (with [arts. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/4))
[^c20416091]: S. 279(2) inserted (1.4.2004) by [Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 (c. 43)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43), [ss. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/184), [199(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/199/1/a), [Sch. 11 para. 59(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/11/paragraph/59/1/4) (with savings by [S.I. 2004/1016](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [art. 88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/88)); [S.I. 2004/288](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288), [art. 5(2)(v)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/5/2/v) (with [art. 7(1)(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/7/1/9) (as amended by [S.I. 2005/2925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925), [art. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925/article/12)) and as amended by [S.I. 2004/866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866/article/2)); [S.I. 2004/480](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480), [art. 4(z)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/4/z) (with [arts. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/6), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/7)) (as amended by [S.I. 2004/1019](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019/article/2/1) and as amended by [S.I. 2006/345](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345), [art. 8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345/article/8/1))
[^c20416381]: S. 279(2) modified (E.) (1.4.2004) by [The General Medical Services and Personal Medical Services Transitional and Consequential Provisions Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/865)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/865), [arts. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/865/article/1/2), [109(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/865/article/109/2/d)
[^c20416461]: S. 279(2) modified (W.) (1.4.2004) by [The General Medical Services Transitional and Consequential Provisions (Wales) (No. 2) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/1016)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [arts 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/1/2), [85(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/85/2/d)
[^c20416341]: S. 279(3) inserted (1.4.2004) by [The Primary Medical Services (Scotland) Act 2004 (Consequential Modifications) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/957)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/article/2), [Sch. para. 7(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/schedule/paragraph/7/b) (with savings for effect (S.) by [S.S.I. 2004/163](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163), [art. 99](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163/article/99))
[^c20416501]: S. 279(3)(b) modified (1.4.2004) by The General Medical Services and Section 17[C Agreements (Transitional and other Ancillary Provisions) (Scotland) Order 2004 (S.S.I. 2004/163)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163), [art. 96](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163/article/96)
[^c14523071]: [S. 280](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/280) modified (1.10.2002 for specified purposes and otherwise 1.4.2004) by [2002 c. 30](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30), [s. 13](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30/section/13), [Sch. 3 Pt. 3 para. 19(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30/schedule/3/part/3/paragraph/19/5/a) (with [s. 14(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30/section/14/1)); [S.I. 2002/2306](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2306), [art. 4(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2306/article/4/e); [S.I. 2004/913](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/913), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/913/article/2/d)
[^c14523091]: [S. 281](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/281) repealed (6.2.1995) by [S.I. 1995/31](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31), [regs. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31/regulation/5), [6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31/regulation/6), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31/schedule)
[^c14523111]: [S. 282(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/282/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(18)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/18) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14523121]: [S. 283](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/283) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20397921]: Words in [s. 284](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/284) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 16(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/16/1); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20397931]: Words in [s. 284](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/284) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/16/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20397941]: Words in [s. 285(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/1) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523131]: Words in [s. 285(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 32(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/32/1); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/7))
[^c20397981]: [S. 285(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/1A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/3); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398001]: Words in [s. 285(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/4/a); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398021]: Words in [s. 285(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/2/c) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/4/b); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398051]: Words in [s. 286(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/286/1) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/18); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523291]: Words in [s. 287(3)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/287/3/c) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/b) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523301]: [1878 c. 73](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1878/73).
[^c14523311]: [S. 287(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/287/3) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 32(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/32/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/7))
[^c14523321]: [1964 c. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1964/29).
[^c14523521]: Words in s. 288 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a/c) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20398091]: S. 288(1)(b)(ii) and preceding word repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/19), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14523541]: Words in s. 288 substituted for paras. (a) and (b) (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17) ss. 43, 46, Sch. 1 para. 8(a) (with s. 38)
[^c14523561]: S. 288(2A)-(2C) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 39(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/39/2), [Sch. 6 para. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/6/paragraph/4/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14523571]: Words in s. 288(2A) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 43](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/43), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/46), [Sch. 1 para. 8(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/8/b) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/38))
[^c14523591]: Word in s. 288(2B)(b) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 9(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/9/2); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523601]: Words in s. 288(2B)(c) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 9(1)(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/9/1/2/c); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523621]: Words in s. 288(2B)(d) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 10(1)(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/10/1/2/c); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523631]: S. 288(4)(4A)(4B)(4C)(5) substituted for s. 288(4)(5) (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 9(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/9/3); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule)
[^c14523651]: S. 288(6) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 8(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/8/3); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1) (with [art. 3(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/3/4))
[^c14523711]: [S. 290](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/290) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14523761]: [S. 291(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/291/1) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 8 para. 87(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/87/a), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14523771]: [S. 291(2)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/291/2/3) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14523661]: Words in cross-heading substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20398101]: [S. 292(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/1/a) repealed (1.10.2004) by Employment Relations Act 2004, ss. 57(1)(2), 59(2)-(4), Sch. 1 para. 20(2), {Sch. 2}; [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398111]: [S. 292(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/1A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 20(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/20/3); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398131]: Words in [s. 292(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/2) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 20(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/20/4); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523791]: Words in [s. 292(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20398201]: Words in [s. 292(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/4) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 20(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/20/5); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523811]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14523821]: [1978 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/44).
[^c14523831]: [S. 296(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/296/3) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/88); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20398231]: Words in [s. 296(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/296/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/21); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398251]: [S. 298](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/298): definition inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14523881]: Words in [s. 298](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/298) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(19)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/1/paragraph/56/19) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/202))
[^c14523891]: [S. 298](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/298): Definition of post repealed (26.3.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1149](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149), [art. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/article/3/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/schedule/2)
[^c14524391]: Entry in s. 299 relating to affecting employees inserted (28.7.1999) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [reg. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/7)
[^c14524411]: Entries in s. 299 inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 89](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/89); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20398331]: S. 299: entry inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524431]: Entries in s. 299 repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14524471]: Entry in s. 299 inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 7(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/7/2)
[^c20398401]: S. 299: entry repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/22), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524511]: Entry in s. 299 relating to post repealed (26.3.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1149](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149), [art. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/article/3/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/schedule/2)
[^c14524581]: Entry in s. 299 substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 7(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/7/3)
[^c14524641]: Words in [s. 301(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/301/1) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/10); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14524651]: [1875 c. 86](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1875/86).
[^c14524661]: Words in [s. 301(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/301/3) substituted (1.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/1980 (N.I. 12)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980), [art. 150(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/article/150/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/schedule/2); [S.R. 1995/354](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354/article/2/1)
[^c20398481]: [Sch. A1 para. 2(3A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/2/3A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398501]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/6) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398551]: [Sch. A1 para. 11(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/11/2/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 1(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/1/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398571]: [Sch. A1 para. 12(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/12/2/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/1/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398891]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 16(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/16/1/a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/3); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398911]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 17(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/17/3/a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/4/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398931]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 17(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/17/3) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/4/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400351]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 18(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/18/2) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/2/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400371]: [Sch. A1 para. 18(3)-(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/18/3) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/2/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400481]: [Sch. A1 paras. 19-19B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/19) substituted (6.4.2005) for Sch. A1 para. 19 by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400451]: [Sch. A1 para. 18A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/18A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400501]: [Sch. A1 paras. 19-19B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/19) substituted (6.4.2005) for Sch. A1 para. 19 by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398961]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 21(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/21/1/b) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/5); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399011]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 21(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/21/1/b) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/5); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400701]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 22(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/22/1/a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24) {ss. 5(2)}, 59(2)-(4); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400771]: [Sch. A1 para. 22(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/22/4/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 6(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/6/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400931]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 23(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/23/1/a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 5(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/5/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400941]: [Sch. A1 para. 24(5)-(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/24/5) substituted (6.4.2005) for Sch. A1 para. 24(5) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400981]: [Sch. A1 para. 25(6A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/25/6A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/8/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20401071]: Words in [Sch A1 para. 26(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/paragraph/26/4/c) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 5(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/5/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20401091]: [Sch. A1 para. 26(4F)-(4H)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/26/4F) inserted (6.4.2005) by virtue of [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 5(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/5/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20401111]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 26(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/26/6) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 5(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/5/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399041]: [Sch. A1 para. 28(6A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/28/6A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/6); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402751]: [Sch. A1 para. 27A-27F](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/27A) inserted (1.10.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 10(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/10/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/2419](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/3/a) (with [arts. 5-7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/5))
[^c20399081]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 32(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/32/2) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/7); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402851]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 35(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/35/2/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/11), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/872/article/6))
[^c20402871]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 35(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/35/4/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [S.I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/I). 2005/872, {art. 4}, Sch. (with arts. 6-21)
[^c20399131]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 37(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/37/3/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/8); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399181]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 38(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/38/1/d) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/9); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399221]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 40(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/40/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(10)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/10/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399241]: Word in [Sch. A1 para. 40(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/40/1) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(10)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/10/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399291]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 41(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/41/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(11)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/11/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399311]: Word in [Sch. A1 para. 41(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/41/1) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(11)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/11/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402881]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 44(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/44/2/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/11), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402891]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 44(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/44/4/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399331]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 46(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/46/1/d) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(12)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/12); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399451]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 48(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/48/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(13)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/13/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399471]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 48(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/48/1) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(13)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/13/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399661]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/49/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(14)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/14/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule/1) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399681]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/49/1) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(14)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/14/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule/1) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399701]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 51(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/51/2/b) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(15)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/15); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule/1) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400631]: [Sch. A1 paras. 19C-19F](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/19C) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 5(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/5/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399751]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 52(3)(f)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/52/3/f) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(16)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/16/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule/1) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399771]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 52(3)(h)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/52/3/h) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(16)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/16/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule/1) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398521]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 60(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/60/4) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399811]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 83(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/83/8) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(17)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/17); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule/1) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402911]: [Sch. A1 para 87(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/87/4/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 6(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/6/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399871]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 89(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/89/5) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(18)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/18); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399911]: Words in [Sch A1 para. 89(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/paragraph/89/8) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(19)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/19); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399931]: [Sch A1 para. 89(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/paragraph/89/9) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(20)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/20); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20399951]: Words in [Sch. 1A para. 93(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/1A/paragraph/93/1/c) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(21)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/21); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402931]: Sch. A1 para. 99(3)(za) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402951]: Word in Sch A1 para. 99(7)(a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403011]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 100(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/100/1) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403031]: [Sch. A1 para. 101(4)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/101/4/5) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/6), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403051]: [Sch. A1 para. 103(3A)(3B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/103/3A/3B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402971]: [Sch. A1 para. 99A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/99A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403071]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 109(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/109/1/a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403091]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 109(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/109/1/b) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403111]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 109(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/109/1/c) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/c), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403131]: [Sch. A1 para. 109(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/109/2/a) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/9), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403501]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 113(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/113/1/a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403511]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 113(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/113/1/b) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403531]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 113(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/113/1/c) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/c), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403541]: [Sch. A1 para. 113(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/113/2/a) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/9), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20401031]: [Sch. A1 para. 117(8A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/117/8A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 8(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/8/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403871]: [Sch. A1 paras. 119A-119I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/119A) inserted (1.10.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 13(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/13/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/2419](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/3) (with [arts. 5-7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/5))
[^c20400131]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 122(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/122/1/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/24); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400181]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 123(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/123/1/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(25)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/25); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403961]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 130(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/130/1/a) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403991]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 130(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/130/1/b) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20404001]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 130(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/130/1/c) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(8)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/8/c), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20404011]: [Sch. A1 para. 130(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/130/2/a) repealed (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/9), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400251]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 133(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/133/2/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(26)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/26/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400271]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 133(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/133/2/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(26)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/26/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398531]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 134(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/134/1/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20398541]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 138](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/138) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400291]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 147(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/147/2/a) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(27)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/27/a); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400311]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 147(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/147/2/b) substituted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 23(27)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/23/27/b); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524691]: [Sch. A1 para. 156](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/156) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524701]: [Sch. A1 para. 157](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/157) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524711]: [Sch A1 para. 158](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/paragraph/158) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524721]: [Sch. A1 para. 159](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/159) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524731]: [Sch. A1 para. 160](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/160) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524741]: [Sch. A1 para. 161](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) modified (6.6.2000) [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/b) [Sch. A1 paras. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524751]: [Sch. A1 para. 162](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/162) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/b) [Sch. A1 paras. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524761]: [Sch. A1 paras. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524791]: [Sch. A1 para. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.12.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524801]: [Sch. A1 para. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c20404131]: [Sch. A1 paras. 166(1)-(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166/1) substituted for Sch. A1 paras. 166(1)(2) (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 15(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/15/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20404171]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 166(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166/3) substituted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 15(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/15/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20408851]: [Sch. A1 para. 166A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/16), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20408911]: [Sch. A1 para. 166B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/17), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524811]: [1971 c. 80](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/80).
[^c20404061]: [Sch. A1 para. 165A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/165A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/14), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20408981]: [Sch. A1 paras. 169A-169C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/169A) and preceding cross-headings inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/18), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20409181]: [Sch. A1 para. 170A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/170A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/19), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20409221]: [Sch. A1 para. 171A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/171A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/20), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524671]: [Sch. A1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1) (paras. 1-173) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 1(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1/3), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/1); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c14524681]: [Sch. A1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1) (paras. 1-173) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1282](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1282), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1282/article/2/5/a)
[^c20417151]: [Sch. A1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1) modified (temp. from 6.4.2005) by [The Employment Relations Act 2004 (Commencement No.3 and Transitional Provisions) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/872)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [arts. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/21), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524821]: See s.301(2)(e)
[^c14524851]: [Sch. 2 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/1) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2), [Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14524861]: [Sch. 2 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/2) repealed (1.1.1996) by [1995 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23), [s. 60(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/section/60/2), [Sch. 8 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/schedule/8/part/I) (with [ss. 54](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/section/54), [55](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/section/55)); [S.I. 1995/2181](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2181), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2181/article/2)
[^c14524871]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14524901]: [Sch. 2 para. 4(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/4/4) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14524911]: [Sch. 2 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/5) repealed (7.2.1994) by [1993 c. 48](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48), [s. 188](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48/section/188), [Sch. 5 Pt.I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48/schedule/5/part/I) (with [s. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48/section/43/3)); [S.I. 1994/86](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/86), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/86/article/2)
[^c14524921]: [Sch. 2 para. 11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/11) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/242), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524931]: [Sch. 2 para. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/12) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524941]: [Sch. 2 para. 13](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/13) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524951]: [Sch. 2 para. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/14) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524961]: [Sch. 2 para. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/15) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14524971]: [Sch. 2 para. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/16) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524981]: [Sch. 2 para. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/17) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524991]: [Sch. 2 para. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/18) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525001]: [Sch. 2 para. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/19) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525011]: [Sch. 2 para. 20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/20) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525021]: [Sch. 2 para. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/21) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525031]: [Sch. 2 para. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/22) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525041]: [Sch. 2 para. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/23) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525061]: [Sch. 2 para. 24(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/24/1/2) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525081]: [Sch. 2 para. 24(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/24/3) repealed (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14525091]: [Sch. 2 para. 25](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/25) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525101]: [Sch. 2 para. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/26) repealed (21.3.1997) by [1995 c. 24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/24), [s. 13(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/24/section/13/2), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/24/schedule/2/part/I); [S.I. 1997/1139](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1139), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1139/article/2)
[^c20417071]: [Sch. 2 para. 27](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/27) repealed (22.7.2004) by [Statute Law (Repeals) Act 2004 (c. 14)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/14), [s. 1(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/14/section/1/1), {Sch. 1 Pt. 2 Group 2}
[^c14525121]: [Sch. 2 para. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/29) repealed (15.2.1999) by [1998 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17/section/51), [Sch. 5 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17/schedule/5/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17/schedule/3/paragraph/5/1)); [S.I. 1999/161](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/161), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/161/article/2/1)
[^c14525131]: [Sch. 2 para. 30](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/30) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525141]: [Sch. 2 para. 32](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/32) repealed (1.9.1994) by [1994 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23), [ss. 100(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23/section/100/2), [101(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23/section/101/1), [Sch. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23/schedule/15)
[^c14525151]: [Sch. 2 para. 33](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/33) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525171]: [Sch. 2 para. 34(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/34/1/2) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525191]: [Sch. 2 para. 34(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/34/3) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14525201]: [Sch. 2 para. 40(5)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/40/5) repealed (1.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/1980 (N.I. 12)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980), [art. 150(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/article/150/4), [Sch. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/schedule/4); [S.R. 1995/354](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354/article/2/1)
[^c14524831]: See s.301(2)(f)
[^c14525261]: [1946 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1946/52).
[^c14525271]: [1927 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1927/22).
[^c14525281]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14525291]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14525301]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14525311]: [1913 c. 30](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1913/30).
[^c14525321]: [1984 c. 49](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/49).
[^c14525331]: [1988 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/19).
[^c14525341]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c14525351]: [1989 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/40).
[^c14525361]: [1871 c. 31](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1871/31).
[^c14525371]: [1948 c. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1948/38).
[^c14525421]: [Sch. 3 para. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/3/paragraph/12) repealed (1.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/1980 (N.I. 12)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980), [art. 150(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/article/150/4), [Sch. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/schedule/4); [S.R. 1995/354](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354/article/2/1)
[^c14525431]: [S.I. 1982/953](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1982/953).
[^c14525251]: See s.301(2)(f)
[^c20418561]: Sch. A2 inserted (6.4.2009) by [Employment Act 2008 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24), [ss. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/3/3), [22(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/22/1/a); [S.I. 2008/3232](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/2) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/schedule))
[^c14513111]: [1985 c. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/9).
[^c14513571]: [1989 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/40).
[^c14513751]: [1989 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/40).
[^c14515781]: Words in [s. 109(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/109/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 58(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/58/a/i); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515791]: [S. 109(da)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/109/da) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 58(a)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/58/a/ii); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515801]: Words in [s. 109(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/109/2) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 58(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/58/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515811]: Words in [s. 110(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/110/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.59](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/59); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515821]: Words in [s. 110(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/110/3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/20); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515841]: [S. 111(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/111/3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.60](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/60); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515911]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c14515921]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c14516131]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c20413011]: Words in [s. 156(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/156/1) substituted (1.2.2005) by [Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/2989)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989/schedule) (with [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989/article/4))
[^c14520321]: Words in [s. 226A(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A/2/c) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [3(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/3/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2)
[^c14520331]: [S. 226A(3A)(3B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A/3A/3B) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [3(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/3/1/3); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2)
[^c14520811]: Words in [S. 234A(3a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234A/3a) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520821]: [S. 234A(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234A/5A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/3); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14521891]: [1981 c. 54](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1981/54).
[^c14523011]: Words in s. 279(a) substituted (28.6.1995 for specified purposes and otherwise 1.4.1996) by [1995 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17), [ss. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/section/2/1/3), [8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/section/8/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. III para. 122](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/schedule/1/part/III/paragraph/122) (with [Sch. 2 para. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/schedule/2/paragraph/6))
[^c14523641]: [1990 c. 41](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/41).
[^key-800abd30159b766bcda5d883164bf6b6]: [S. 85](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/85) substituted (5.12.2016 for specified purposes) by [Trade Union Act 2016 (c. 15)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15), [ss. 11(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15/section/11/3), [25(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15/section/25/1) (with [s. 11(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15/section/11/5)); [S.I. 2016/1170](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2016/1170), [reg. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2016/1170/regulation/2/b)
[^M_F_cfee3b91-5482-46f6-dd45-b3de169f72f7]: Word in s. 32A(6)(a) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 28(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/28/3), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45);[S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/1) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
#### Right to apply to Certification Officer.
#### Notice to employers of industrial action.
### Industrial action affecting supply of goods or services to an individual
##### 235A
- (1) Where an individual claims that—
- (a) any trade union or other person has done, or is likely to do, an unlawful act to induce any person to take part, or to continue to take part, in industrial action, and
- (b) an effect, or a likely effect, of the industrial action is or will be to—
- (i) prevent or delay the supply of goods or services, or
- (ii) reduce the quality of goods or services supplied,
to the individual making the claim,
he may apply to the High Court or the Court of Session for an order under this section.
- (2) For the purposes of this section an act to induce any person to take part, or to continue to take part, in industrial action is unlawful—
- (a) if it is actionable in tort by any one or more persons, or
- (b) (where it is or would be the act of a trade union) if it could form the basis of an application by a member under section 62.
- (3) In determining whether an individual may make an application under this section it is immaterial whether or not the individual is entitled to be supplied with the goods or services in question.
- (4) Where on an application under this section the court is satisfied that the claim is well-founded, it shall make such order as it considers appropriate for requiring the person by whom the act of inducement has been, or is likely to be, done to take steps for ensuring—
- (a) that no, or no further, act is done by him to induce any persons to take part or to continue to take part in the industrial action, and
- (b) that no person engages in conduct after the making of the order by virtue of having been induced by him before the making of the order to take part or continue to take part in the industrial action.
- (5) Without prejudice to any other power of the court, the court may on an application under this section grant such interlocutory relief (in Scotland, such interim order) as it considers appropriate.
- (6) For the purposes of this section an act of inducement shall be taken to be done by a trade union if it is authorised or endorsed by the union; and the provisions of section 20(2) to (4) apply for the purposes of determining whether such an act is to be taken to be so authorised or endorsed.
Those provisions also apply in relation to proceedings for failure to comply with an order under this section as they apply in relation to the original proceedings.
##### 235B
##### 235C
##### 238A
- (1) For the purposes of this section an employee takes protected industrial action if he commits an act which, or a series of acts each of which, he is induced to commit by an act which by virtue of section 219 is not actionable in tort.
- (2) An employee who is dismissed shall be regarded for the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) as unfairly dismissed if—
- (a) the reason (or, if more than one, the principal reason) for the dismissal is that the employee took protected industrial action, and
- (b) subsection (3), (4) or (5) applies to the dismissal.
- (3) This subsection applies to a dismissal if it takes place within the period of eight weeks beginning with the day on which the employee started to take protected industrial action.
- (4) This subsection applies to a dismissal if—
- (a) it takes place after the end of that period, and
- (b) the employee had stopped taking protected industrial action before the end of that period.
- (5) This subsection applies to a dismissal if—
- (a) it takes place after the end of that period,
- (b) the employee had not stopped taking protected industrial action before the end of that period, and
- (c) the employer had not taken such procedural steps as would have been reasonable for the purposes of resolving the dispute to which the protected industrial action relates.
- (6) In determining whether an employer has taken those steps regard shall be had, in particular, to—
- (a) whether the employer or a union had complied with procedures established by any applicable collective or other agreement;
- (b) whether the employer or a union offered or agreed to commence or resume negotiations after the start of the protected industrial action;
- (c) whether the employer or a union unreasonably refused, after the start of the protected industrial action, a request that conciliation services be used;
- (d) whether the employer or a union unreasonably refused, after the start of the protected industrial action, a request that mediation services be used in relation to procedures to be adopted for the purposes of resolving the dispute.
- (7) In determining whether an employer has taken those steps no regard shall be had to the merits of the dispute.
- (8) For the purposes of this section no account shall be taken of the repudiation of any act by a trade union as mentioned in section 21 in relation to anything which occurs before the end of the next working day (within the meaning of section 237) after the day on which the repudiation takes place.
##### 238B
- (1) The matters referred to in subsection (6)(e) of section 238A are those specified in subsections (2) to (5); and references in this section to “the service provider” are to any person who provided a service mentioned in subsection (6)(c) or (d) of that section.
- (2) The first matter is: whether, at meetings arranged by the service provider, the employer or, as the case may be, a union was represented by an appropriate person.
- (3) The second matter is: whether the employer or a union, so far as requested to do so, co-operated in the making of arrangements for meetings to be held with the service provider.
- (4) The third matter is: whether the employer or a union fulfilled any commitment given by it during the provision of the service to take particular action.
- (5) The fourth matter is: whether, at meetings arranged by the service provider between the parties making use of the service, the representatives of the employer or a union answered any reasonable question put to them concerning the matter subject to conciliation or mediation.
- (6) For the purposes of subsection (2) an “appropriate person” is—
- (a) in relation to the employer—
- (i) a person with the authority to settle the matter subject to conciliation or mediation on behalf of the employer, or
- (ii) a person authorised by a person of that type to make recommendations to him with regard to the settlement of that matter, and
- (b) in relation to a union, a person who is responsible for handling on the union’s behalf the matter subject to conciliation or mediation.
- (7) For the purposes of subsection (4) regard may be had to any timetable which was agreed for the taking of the action in question or, if no timetable was agreed, to how long it was before the action was taken.
- (8) In any proceedings in which regard must be had to the matters referred to in section 238A(6)(e)—
- (a) notes taken by or on behalf of the service provider shall not be admissible in evidence;
- (b) the service provider must refuse to give evidence as to anything communicated to him in connection with the performance of his functions as a conciliator or mediator if, in his opinion, to give the evidence would involve his making a damaging disclosure; and
- (c) the service provider may refuse to give evidence as to whether, for the purposes of subsection (5), a particular question was or was not a reasonable one.
- (9) For the purposes of subsection (8)(b) a “damaging disclosure” is —
- (a) a disclosure of information which is commercially sensitive, or
- (b) a disclosure of information that has not previously been disclosed which relates to a position taken by a party using the conciliation or mediation service on the settlement of the matter subject to conciliation or mediation,
to which the person who communicated the information to the service provider has not consented.
#### Remedies.
##### 251A
- (1) ACAS may, in any case in which it thinks it appropriate to do so, but subject to any directions under subsection (2) below, charge a fee for exercising a function in relation to any person.
- (2) The Secretary of State may direct ACAS to charge fees, in accordance with the direction, for exercising any function specified in the direction, but the Secretary of State shall not give a direction under this subsection without consulting ACAS.
- (3) A direction under subsection (2) above may require ACAS to charge fees in respect of the exercise of a function only in specified descriptions of case.
- (4) A direction under subsection (2) above shall specify whether fees are to be charged in respect of the exercise of any specified function—
- (a) at the full economic cost level, or
- (b) at a level less than the full economic cost but not less than a specified proportion or percentage of the full economic cost.
- (5) Where a direction requires fees to be charged at the full economic cost level ACAS shall fix the fee for the case at an amount estimated to be sufficient to cover the administrative costs of ACAS of exercising the function including an appropriate sum in respect of general staff costs and overheads.
- (6) Where a direction requires fees to be charged at a level less than the full economic cost ACAS shall fix the fee for the case at such amount, not being less than the proportion or percentage of the full economic cost specified under subsection (4)(b) above, as it thinks appropriate (computing that cost in the same way as under subsection (5) above).
- (7) No liability to pay a fee charged under this section shall arise on the part of any person unless ACAS has notified that person that a fee may or will be charged.
- (8) For the purposes of this section—
- (a) a function is exercised in relation to a person who avails himself of the benefit of its exercise, whether or not he requested its exercise and whether the function is such as to be exercisable in relation to particular persons only or in relation to persons generally; and
- (b) where a function is exercised in relation to two or more persons the fee chargeable for its exercise shall be apportioned among them as ACAS thinks appropriate.
##### 256ZA
- (1) At any stage of proceedings on an application or complaint made to the Certification Officer, he may—
- (a) order the application or complaint, or any response, to be struck out on the grounds that it is scandalous, vexatious, has no reasonable prospect of success or is otherwise misconceived,
- (b) order anything in the application or complaint, or in any response, to be amended or struck out on those grounds, or
- (c) order the application or complaint, or any response, to be struck out on the grounds that the manner in which the proceedings have been conducted by or on behalf of the applicant or complainant or (as the case may be) respondent has been scandalous, vexatious, or unreasonable.
- (2) The Certification Officer may order an application or complaint made to him to be struck out for excessive delay in proceeding with it.
- (3) An order under this section may be made on the Certification Officer’s own initiative and may also be made—
- (a) if the order sought is to strike out an application or complaint, or to amend or strike out anything in an application or complaint, on an application by the respondent, or
- (b) if the order sought is to strike out any response, or to amend or strike out anything in any response, on an application by the person who made the application or complaint mentioned in subsection (1).
- (4) Before making an order under this section, the Certification Officer shall send notice to the party against whom it is proposed that the order should be made giving him an opportunity to show cause why the order should not be made.
- (5) Subsection (4) shall not be taken to require the Certification Officer to send a notice under that subsection if the party against whom it is proposed that the order under this section should be made has been given an opportunity to show cause orally why the order should not be made.
- (6) Nothing in this section prevents the Certification Officer from making further provision under section 256(1) about the striking out of proceedings on any application or complaint made to him.
- (7) An appeal lies to the Employment Appeal Tribunal on any question of law arising from a decision of the Certification Officer under this section.
- (8) In this section—
- “*response*” means any response made by a trade union or other body in the exercise of a right to be heard, or to make representations, in response to the application or complaint;
- “*respondent*” means any trade union, or other body, that has such a right.
##### 256A
- (1) The Certification Officer may refuse to entertain any application or complaint made to him under a provision of Chapters III to VIIA of Part I by a vexatious litigant.
- (2) The Certification Officer must give reasons for such a refusal.
- (3) Subsection (1) does not apply to a complaint under section 37E(1)(b) or to an application under section 41.
- (4) For the purposes of subsection (1) a vexatious litigant is a person who is the subject of—
- (a) an order which is made under section 33(1) of the Employment Tribunals Act 1996 and which remains in force,
- (b) a civil proceedings order or an all proceedings order which is made under section 42(1) of the Supreme Court Act 1981 and which remains in force,
- (c) an order which is made under section 1 of the Vexatious Actions (Scotland) Act 1898, or
- (d) an order which is made under section 32 of the Judicature (Northern Ireland) Act 1978.
##### 256B
- (1) For the purposes of a relevant enactment an application to the Certification Officer shall be disregarded if—
- (a) it was made under a provision mentioned in the relevant enactment, and
- (b) it was refused by the Certification Officer under section 256A(1).
- (2) The relevant enactments are sections 26(8), 31(7), 45C(5B), 56(8), 72A(10), 81(8) and 108A(13).
##### 263A
- (1) For the purpose of discharging its functions under Schedule A1 in any particular case, the Central Arbitration Committee shall consist of a panel established under this section.
- (2) The chairman of the Committee shall establish a panel or panels, and a panel shall consist of these three persons appointed by him—
- (a) the chairman or a deputy chairman of the Committee, who shall be chairman of the panel;
- (b) a member of the Committee whose experience is as a representative of employers;
- (c) a member of the Committee whose experience is as a representative of workers.
- (3) The chairman of the Committee shall decide which panel is to deal with a particular case.
- (4) A panel may at the discretion of its chairman sit in private where it appears expedient to do so.
- (5) If—
- (a) a panel cannot reach a unanimous decision on a question arising before it, and
- (b) a majority of the panel have the same opinion,
the question shall be decided according to that opinion.
- (6) If—
- (a) a panel cannot reach a unanimous decision on a question arising before it, and
- (b) a majority of the panel do not have the same opinion,
the chairman of the panel shall decide the question acting with the full powers of an umpire or, in Scotland, an oversman.
- (7) Subject to the above provisions, a panel shall determine its own procedure.
#### Notice to employers of industrial action.
## SCHEDULE A1
## Part I — Recognition
### Introduction
##### 1
A trade union (or trade unions) seeking recognition to be entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group or groups of workers may make a request in accordance with this Part of this Schedule.
##### 2
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) References to the bargaining unit are to the group of workers concerned (or the groups taken together).
- (3) References to the proposed bargaining unit are to the bargaining unit proposed in the request for recognition.
- (4) References to the employer are to the employer of the workers constituting the bargaining unit concerned.
- (5) References to the parties are to the union (or unions) and the employer.
##### 3
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) The meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply.
- (3) References to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to pay, hours and holidays; but this has effect subject to sub-paragraph (4).
- (4) If the parties agree matters as the subject of collective bargaining, references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the agreed matters; and this is the case whether the agreement is made before or after the time when the CAC issues a declaration, or the parties agree, that the union is (or unions are) entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (5) Sub-paragraph (4) does not apply in construing paragraph 31(3).
- (6) Sub-paragraphs (2) to (5) do not apply in construing paragraph 35 or 44.
### Request for recognition
##### 4
- (1) The union or unions seeking recognition must make a request for recognition to the employer.
- (2) Paragraphs 5 to 9 apply to the request.
##### 5
The request is not valid unless it is received by the employer.
##### 6
The request is not valid unless the union (or each of the unions) has a certificate under section 6 that it is independent.
##### 7
- (1) The request is not valid unless the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, employs—
- (a) at least 21 workers on the day the employer receives the request, or
- (b) an average of at least 21 workers in the 13 weeks ending with that day.
- (2) To find the average under sub-paragraph (1)(b)—
- (a) take the number of workers employed in each of the 13 weeks (including workers not employed for the whole of the week);
- (b) aggregate the 13 numbers;
- (c) divide the aggregate by 13.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(a) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored unless the day the request was made fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (4) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(b) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored in relation to a week unless the whole or any part of that week fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraphs (3) and (4) a worker who is employed on board a ship registered in the register maintained under section 8 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 shall be treated as ordinarily working in Great Britain unless—
- (a) the ship’s entry in the register specifies a port outside Great Britain as the port to which the vessel is to be treated as belonging,
- (b) the employment is wholly outside Great Britain, or
- (c) the worker is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain.
- (6) The Secretary of State may by order—
- (a) provide that sub-paragraphs (1) to (5) are not to apply, or are not to apply in specified circumstances, or
- (b) vary the number of workers for the time being specified in sub-paragraph (1);
and different provision may be made for different circumstances.
- (7) An order under sub-paragraph (6)—
- (a) shall be made by statutory instrument, and
- (b) may include supplementary, incidental, saving or transitional provisions.
- (8) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 8
The request is not valid unless it—
- (a) is in writing,
- (b) identifies the union or unions and the bargaining unit, and
- (c) states that it is made under this Schedule.
##### 9
The Secretary of State may by order made by statutory instrument prescribe the form of requests and the procedure for making them; and if he does so the request is not valid unless it complies with the order.
### Parties agree
##### 10
- (1) If before the end of the first period the parties agree a bargaining unit and that the union is (or unions are) to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the unit, no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) If before the end of the first period the employer informs the union (or unions) that the employer does not accept the request but is willing to negotiate, sub-paragraph (3) applies.
- (3) The parties may conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing a bargaining unit and that the union is (or unions are) to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the unit.
- (4) If such an agreement is made before the end of the second period no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) The employer and the union (or unions) may request ACAS to assist in conducting the negotiations.
- (6) The first period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer receives the request for recognition.
- (7) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
### Employer rejects request
##### 11
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) before the end of the first period the employer fails to respond to the request, or
- (b) before the end of the first period the employer informs the union (or unions) that the employer does not accept the request (without indicating a willingness to negotiate).
- (2) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to decide both these questions—
- (a) whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate or some other bargaining unit is appropriate;
- (b) whether the union has (or unions have) the support of a majority of the workers constituting the appropriate bargaining unit.
### Negotiations fail
##### 12
- (1) Sub-paragraph (2) applies if—
- (a) the employer informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 10(2), and
- (b) no agreement is made before the end of the second period.
- (2) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to decide both these questions—
- (a) whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate or some other bargaining unit is appropriate;
- (b) whether the union has (or unions have) the support of a majority of the workers constituting the appropriate bargaining unit.
- (3) Sub-paragraph (4) applies if—
- (a) the employer informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 10(2), and
- (b) before the end of the second period the parties agree a bargaining unit but not that the union is (or unions are) to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the unit.
- (4) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to decide the question whether the union has (or unions have) the support of a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit.
- (5) But no application may be made under this paragraph if within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 10(2) the employer proposes that ACAS be requested to assist in conducting the negotiations and—
- (a) the union rejects (or unions reject) the proposal, or
- (b) the union fails (or unions fail) to accept the proposal within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer makes the proposal.
### Acceptance of applications
##### 13
The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
##### 14
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) two or more relevant applications are made,
- (b) at least one worker falling within one of the relevant bargaining units also falls within the other relevant bargaining unit (or units), and
- (c) the CAC has not accepted any of the applications.
- (2) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (3) In relation to a relevant application, the relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
- (4) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide, with regard to each relevant application, whether the 10 per cent test is satisfied.
- (5) The 10 per cent test is satisfied if members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the last relevant application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (7) If the CAC decides that—
- (a) the 10 per cent test is satisfied with regard to more than one of the relevant applications, or
- (b) the 10 per cent test is satisfied with regard to none of the relevant applications,
the CAC must not accept any of the relevant applications.
- (8) If the CAC decides that the 10 per cent test is satisfied with regard to one only of the relevant applications the CAC—
- (a) must proceed under paragraph 15 with regard to that application, and
- (b) must not accept any of the other relevant applications.
- (9) The CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties.
- (10) If by virtue of this paragraph the CAC does not accept an application, no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule in relation to that application.
##### 15
- (1) This paragraph applies to these applications—
- (a) any application with regard to which no decision has to be made under paragraph 14;
- (b) any application with regard to which the CAC must proceed under this paragraph by virtue of paragraph 14.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether—
- (a) the request for recognition to which the application relates is valid within the terms of paragraphs 5 to 9, and
- (b) the application is made in accordance with paragraph 11 or 12 and admissible within the terms of paragraphs 33 to 42.
- (3) In deciding those questions the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the request is not valid or the application is not made in accordance with paragraph 11 or 12 or is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the request is valid and the application is made in accordance with paragraph 11 or 12 and is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 16
- (1) If an application under paragraph 11 or 12 is accepted by the CAC, the union (or unions) may not withdraw the application—
- (a) after the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 22(2), or
- (b) after the union (or the last of the unions) receives notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2).
- (2) If an application is withdrawn by the union (or unions)—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of the withdrawal to the employer, and
- (b) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
### Notice to cease consideration of application
##### 17
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC has received an application under paragraph 11 or 12 and—
- (a) it has not decided whether the application is admissible, or
- (b) it has decided that the application is admissible.
- (2) No further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule if, before the final event occurs, the parties give notice to the CAC that they want no further steps to be taken.
- (3) The final event occurs when the first of the following occurs—
- (a) the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 22(2) in consequence of the application;
- (b) the last day of the notification period ends;
and the notification period is that defined by paragraph 24(5) and arising from the application.
### Appropriate bargaining unit
##### 18
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2) it must try to help the parties to reach within the appropriate period an agreement as to what the appropriate bargaining unit is.
- (2) The appropriate period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 18A
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2).
- (2) Within 5 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives the employer notice of acceptance of the application, the employer must supply the following information to the union (or unions) and the CAC—
- (a) a list of the categories of worker in the proposed bargaining unit,
- (b) a list of the workplaces at which the workers in the proposed bargaining unit work, and
- (c) the number of workers the employer reasonably believes to be in each category at each workplace.
- (3) The lists and numbers supplied under this paragraph must be as accurate as is reasonably practicable in the light of the information in the possession of the employer at the time when he complies with sub-paragraph (2).
- (4) The lists and numbers supplied to the union (or unions) and to the CAC must be the same.
- (5) For the purposes of this paragraph, the workplace at which a worker works is—
- (a) if the person works at or from a single set of premises, those premises, and
- (b) in any other case, the premises with which the worker’s employment has the closest connection.
##### 19
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2), and
- (b) the parties have not agreed an appropriate bargaining unit at the end of the appropriate period.
- (2) The CAC must decide the appropriate bargaining unit within—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the appropriate period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (3) In deciding the appropriate bargaining unit the CAC must take these matters into account—
- (a) the need for the unit to be compatible with effective management;
- (b) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (4), so far as they do not conflict with that need.
- (4) The matters are—
- (a) the views of the employer and of the union (or unions);
- (b) existing national and local bargaining arrangements;
- (c) the desirability of avoiding small fragmented bargaining units within an undertaking;
- (d) the characteristics of workers falling within the proposed bargaining unit and of any other employees of the employer whom the CAC considers relevant;
- (e) the location of workers.
- (5) The CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties.
##### 19A
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2),
- (b) during the appropriate period (defined by paragraph 18), the CAC is requested by the union (or unions) to make a decision under this paragraph, and
- (c) the CAC is, either at the time the request is made or at a later time during the appropriate period, of the opinion that the employer has failed to comply with the duty imposed by paragraph 18A.
- (2) Within the decision period, the CAC must decide whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the proposed bargaining unit is not appropriate, it must also decide within the decision period a bargaining unit which is appropriate.
- (4) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after the day on which the request is made, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 19B
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC has to decide whether a bargaining unit is appropriate for the purposes of paragraph 19(2) or (3) or 19A(2) or (3).
- (2) The CAC must take these matters into account—
- (a) the need for the unit to be compatible with effective management;
- (b) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (3), so far as they do not conflict with that need.
- (3) The matters are—
- (a) the views of the employer and of the union (or unions);
- (b) existing national and local bargaining arrangements;
- (c) the desirability of avoiding small fragmented bargaining units within an undertaking;
- (d) the characteristics of workers falling within the bargaining unit under consideration and of any other employees of the employer whom the CAC considers relevant;
- (e) the location of workers.
- (4) In taking an employer’s views into account for the purpose of deciding whether the proposed bargaining unit is appropriate, the CAC must take into account any view the employer has about any other bargaining unit that he considers would be appropriate.
- (5) The CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties.
### Union communications with workers after acceptance of application
##### 19C
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2) or (4).
- (2) The union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for the appointment of a suitable independent person to handle communications during the initial period between the union (or unions) and the relevant workers.
- (3) In the case of an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2), the relevant workers are—
- (a) in relation to any time before an appropriate bargaining unit is agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC, those falling within the proposed bargaining unit, and
- (b) in relation to any time after an appropriate bargaining unit is so agreed or decided, those falling within the bargaining unit agreed or decided upon.
- (4) In the case of an application under paragraph 12(4), the relevant workers are those falling within the bargaining unit agreed by the parties.
- (5) The initial period is the period starting with the day on which the CAC informs the parties under sub-paragraph (7)(b) and ending with the first day on which any of the following occurs—
- (a) the application under paragraph 11 or 12 is withdrawn;
- (b) the CAC gives notice to the union (or unions) of a decision under paragraph 20 that the application is invalid;
- (c) the CAC notifies the union (or unions) of a declaration issued under paragraph 19F(5) or 22(2);
- (d) the CAC informs the union (or unions) under paragraph 25(9) of the name of the person appointed to conduct a ballot.
- (6) A person is a suitable independent person if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of paragraph 25(7)(a) by an order under that provision, or is himself specified for those purposes by such an order, and
- (b) there are no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions arising from his appointment otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to those functions might reasonably be called into question.
- (7) On an application under sub-paragraph (2) the CAC must as soon as reasonably practicable—
- (a) make such an appointment as is mentioned in that sub-paragraph, and
- (b) inform the parties of the name of the person appointed and the date of his appointment.
- (8) The person appointed by the CAC is referred to in paragraphs 19D and 19E as “the appointed person”.
##### 19D
- (1) An employer who is informed by the CAC under paragraph 19C(7)(b) must comply with the following duties (so far as it is reasonable to expect him to do so).
- (2) The duties are—
- (a) to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer is informed under paragraph 19C(7)(b), the names and home addresses of the relevant workers;
- (b) if the relevant workers change as a result of an appropriate bargaining unit being agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC, to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the bargaining unit is agreed or the CAC’s decision is notified to the employer, the names and home addresses of those who are now the relevant workers;
- (c) to give to the CAC, as soon as reasonably practicable, the name and home address of any worker who joins the bargaining unit after the employer has complied with paragraph (a) or (b);
- (d) to inform the CAC, as soon as reasonably practicable, of any worker whose name has been given to the CAC under paragraph (a), (b) or (c) and who ceases to be a relevant worker (otherwise than by reason of a change mentioned in paragraph (b)).
- (3) Nothing in sub-paragraph (2) requires the employer to give information to the CAC after the end of the initial period.
- (4) As soon as reasonably practicable after the CAC receives any information under sub-paragraph (2), it must pass it on to the appointed person.
##### 19E
- (1) During the initial period, the appointed person must if asked to do so by the union (or unions) send to any worker—
- (a) whose name and home address have been passed on to him under paragraph 19D(4), and
- (b) who is (so far as the appointed person is aware) still a relevant worker,
any information supplied by the union (or unions) to the appointed person.
- (2) The costs of the appointed person shall be borne—
- (a) if the application under paragraph 19C was made by one union, by the union, and
- (b) if that application was made by more than one union, by the unions in such proportions as they jointly indicate to the appointed person or, in the absence of such an indication, in equal shares.
- (3) The appointed person may send to the union (or each of the unions) a demand stating his costs and the amount of those costs to be borne by the recipient.
- (4) In such a case the recipient must pay the amount stated to the person sending the demand and must do so within the period of 15 working days starting with the day after that on which the demand is received.
- (5) In England and Wales, if the amount stated is not paid in accordance with sub-paragraph (4) it shall, if a county court so orders, be recoverable by execution issued from that court or otherwise as if it were payable under an order of that court.
- (6) Where an amount is recoverable under sub-paragraph (5) execution may be carried out, to the same extent and in the same manner as if the union were a body corporate, against any property held in trust for the union other than protected property as defined in section 23(2).
- (7) References to the costs of the appointed person are to—
- (a) the costs wholly, exclusively and necessarily incurred by the appointed person in connection with handling during the initial period communications between the union (or unions) and the relevant workers,
- (b) such reasonable amount as the appointed person charges for his services, and
- (c) such other costs as the union (or unions) agree.
##### 19F
- (1) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to fulfil a duty mentioned in paragraph 19D(2), and the initial period has not yet ended, the CAC may order the employer—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the failure as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order, and
- (b) to do so within such period as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order;
and in this paragraph a “*remedial order*” means an order under this sub-paragraph.
- (2) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with a remedial order and the initial period has not yet ended, the CAC must as soon as reasonably practicable notify the employer and the union (or unions) that it is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply.
- (3) A remedial order and a notice under sub-paragraph (2) must draw the recipient’s attention to the effect of sub-paragraphs (4) and (5).
- (4) Sub-paragraph (5) applies if—
- (a) the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with a remedial order,
- (b) the parties have agreed an appropriate bargaining unit or the CAC has decided an appropriate bargaining unit,
- (c) in the case of an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2), the CAC, if required to do so, has decided under paragraph 20 that the application is not invalid, and
- (d) the initial period has not yet ended.
- (5) The CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the bargaining unit.
### Union recognition
##### 20
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2),
- (b) the parties have agreed an appropriate bargaining unit at the end of the appropriate period, or the CAC has decided an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (c) that bargaining unit differs from the proposed bargaining unit.
- (2) Within the decision period the CAC must decide whether the application is invalid within the terms of paragraphs 43 to 50.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is invalid, the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is invalid—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not proceed with the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is not invalid it must—
- (a) proceed with the application, and
- (b) give notice to the parties that it is so proceeding.
- (6) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the parties agree an appropriate bargaining unit or the CAC decides an appropriate bargaining unit, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 21
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2),
- (b) the parties have agreed an appropriate bargaining unit at the end of the appropriate period, or the CAC has decided an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (c) that bargaining unit is the same as the proposed bargaining unit.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 12(4).
- (3) The CAC must proceed with the application.
##### 22
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC proceeds with an application in accordance with paragraph 20 or 21, and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the bargaining unit.
- (3) But if any of the three qualifying conditions is fulfilled, instead of issuing a declaration under sub-paragraph (2) the CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) These are the three qualifying conditions—
- (a) the CAC is satisfied that a ballot should be held in the interests of good industrial relations;
- (b) a significant number of the union members within the bargaining unit inform the CAC that they do not want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf;
- (c) membership evidence is produced which leads the CAC to conclude that there are doubts whether a significant number of the union members within the bargaining unit want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (4)(c) membership evidence is—
- (a) evidence about the circumstances in which union members became members;
- (b) evidence about the length of time for which union members have been members, in a case where the CAC is satisfied that such evidence should be taken into account.
##### 23
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC proceeds with an application in accordance with paragraph 20 or 21, and
- (b) the CAC is not satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
##### 24
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2).
- (2) Within the notification period—
- (a) the union (or unions), or
- (b) the union (or unions) and the employer,
may notify the CAC that the party making the notification does not (or the parties making the notification do not) want the CAC to arrange for the holding of the ballot.
- (3) If the CAC is so notified—
- (a) it must not arrange for the holding of the ballot,
- (b) it must inform the parties that it will not arrange for the holding of the ballot, and why, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (4) If the CAC is not so notified it must arrange for the holding of the ballot.
- (5) The notification period is the period of 10 working days starting—
- (a) for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(a), with the day on which the union (or last of the unions) receives the CAC’s notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2), or
- (b) for the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b), with that day or (if later) the day on which the employer receives the CAC’s notice under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2).
##### 25
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC arranges under paragraph 24 for the holding of a ballot.
- (2) The ballot must be conducted by a qualified independent person appointed by the CAC.
- (3) The ballot must be conducted within—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the qualified independent person is appointed, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide.
- (4) The ballot must be conducted—
- (a) at a workplace or workplaces decided by the CAC,
- (b) by post, or
- (c) by a combination of the methods described in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b),
depending on the CAC’s preference.
- (5) In deciding how the ballot is to be conducted the CAC must take into account—
- (a) the likelihood of the ballot being affected by unfairness or malpractice if it were conducted at a workplace or workplaces;
- (b) costs and practicality;
- (c) such other matters as the CAC considers appropriate.
- (6) The CAC may not decide that the ballot is to be conducted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (4)(c) unless there are special factors making such a decision appropriate; and special factors include—
- (a) factors arising from the location of workers or the nature of their employment;
- (b) factors put to the CAC by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (7) A person is a qualified independent person if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of this paragraph by order of the Secretary of State or is himself so specified, and
- (b) there are no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the ballot might reasonably be called into question.
- (8) An order under sub-paragraph (7)(a) shall be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
- (9) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is required under paragraph 24 to arrange for the holding of a ballot it must inform the parties—
- (a) that it is so required;
- (b) of the name of the person appointed to conduct the ballot and the date of his appointment;
- (c) of the period within which the ballot must be conducted;
- (d) whether the ballot is to be conducted by post or at a workplace or workplaces;
- (e) of the workplace or workplaces concerned (if the ballot is to be conducted at a workplace or workplaces).
##### 26
- (1) An employer who is informed by the CAC under paragraph 25(9) must comply with the following three duties.
- (2) The first duty is to co-operate generally, in connection with the ballot, with the union (or unions) and the person appointed to conduct the ballot; and the second and third duties are not to prejudice the generality of this.
- (3) The second duty is to give to the union (or unions) such access to the workers constituting the bargaining unit as is reasonable to enable the union (or unions) to inform the workers of the object of the ballot and to seek their support and their opinions on the issues involved.
- (4) The third duty is to do the following (so far as it is reasonable to expect the employer to do so)—
- (a) to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer is informed under paragraph 25(9), the names and home addresses of the workers constituting the bargaining unit;
- (b) to give to the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, the name and home address of any worker who joins the unit after the employer has complied with paragraph (a);
- (c) to inform the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, of any worker whose name has been given to the CAC under paragraph (a) or (b) but who ceases to be within the unit.
- (5) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC receives any information under sub-paragraph (4) it must pass it on to the person appointed to conduct the ballot.
- (6) If asked to do so by the union (or unions) the person appointed to conduct the ballot must send to any worker—
- (a) whose name and home address have been given under sub-paragraph (5), and
- (b) who is still within the unit (so far as the person so appointed is aware),
any information supplied by the union (or unions) to the person so appointed.
- (7) The duty under sub-paragraph (6) does not apply unless the union bears (or unions bear) the cost of sending the information.
- (8) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about reasonable access for the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 27
- (1) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to fulfil any of the three duties imposed by paragraph 26, and the ballot has not been held, the CAC may order the employer—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the failure as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order, and
- (b) to do so within such period as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order.
- (2) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with an order under sub-paragraph (1), and the ballot has not been held, the CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (3) If the CAC issues a declaration under sub-paragraph (2) it shall take steps to cancel the holding of the ballot; and if the ballot is held it shall have no effect.
##### 27A
- (1) Each of the parties informed by the CAC under paragraph 25(9) must refrain from using any unfair practice.
- (2) A party uses an unfair practice if, with a view to influencing the result of the ballot, the party—
- (a) offers to pay money or give money’s worth to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot in return for the worker’s agreement to vote in a particular way or to abstain from voting,
- (b) makes an outcome-specific offer to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot,
- (c) coerces or attempts to coerce a worker entitled to vote in the ballot to disclose—
- (i) whether he intends to vote or to abstain from voting in the ballot, or
- (ii) how he intends to vote, or how he has voted, in the ballot,
- (d) dismisses or threatens to dismiss a worker,
- (e) takes or threatens to take disciplinary action against a worker,
- (f) subjects or threatens to subject a worker to any other detriment, or
- (g) uses or attempts to use undue influence on a worker entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b) an “outcome-specific offer” is an offer to pay money or give money’s worth which—
- (a) is conditional on the issuing by the CAC of a declaration that—
- (i) the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit, or
- (ii) the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be so recognised, and
- (b) is not conditional on anything which is done or occurs as a result of the declaration in question.
- (4) The duty imposed by this paragraph does not confer any rights on a worker; but that does not affect any other right which a worker may have.
- (5) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about unfair practices for the purposes of this paragraph—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 27B
- (1) A party may complain to the CAC that another party has failed to comply with paragraph 27A.
- (2) A complaint under sub-paragraph (1) must be made on or before the first working day after—
- (a) the date of the ballot, or
- (b) if votes may be cast in the ballot on more than one day, the last of those days.
- (3) Within the decision period the CAC must decide whether the complaint is well-founded.
- (4) A complaint is well-founded if—
- (a) the CAC finds that the party complained against used an unfair practice, and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that the use of that practice changed or was likely to change, in the case of a worker entitled to vote in the ballot—
- (i) his intention to vote or to abstain from voting,
- (ii) his intention to vote in a particular way, or
- (iii) how he voted.
- (5) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the complaint under sub-paragraph (1) was received by the CAC, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by a notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (6) If, at the beginning of the decision period, the ballot has not begun, the CAC may by notice to the parties and the qualified independent person postpone the date on which it is to begin until a date which falls after the end of the decision period.
##### 27C
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC decides that a complaint under paragraph 27B is well-founded.
- (2) The CAC must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, issue a declaration to that effect.
- (3) The CAC may do either or both of the following—
- (a) order the party concerned to take any action specified in the order within such period as may be so specified, or
- (b) give notice to the employer and to the union (or unions) that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) The CAC may give an order or a notice under sub-paragraph (3) either at the same time as it issues the declaration under sub-paragraph (2) or at any other time before it acts under paragraph 29.
- (5) The action specified in an order under sub-paragraph (3)(a) shall be such as the CAC considers reasonable in order to mitigate the effect of the failure of the party concerned to comply with the duty imposed by paragraph 27A.
- (6) The CAC may give more than one order under sub-paragraph (3)(a).
##### 27D
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 27C(2) and the declaration states that the unfair practice used consisted of or included—
- (a) the use of violence, or
- (b) the dismissal of a union official.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC has made an order under paragraph 27C(3)(a) and—
- (a) it is satisfied that the party subject to the order has failed to comply with it, or
- (b) it makes another declaration under paragraph 27C(2) in relation to a complaint against that party.
- (3) If the party concerned is the employer, the CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the party concerned is a union, the CAC may issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be so recognised.
- (5) The powers conferred by this paragraph are in addition to those conferred by paragraph 27C(3).
##### 27E
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration that a complaint under paragraph 27B is well-founded and—
- (a) gives a notice under paragraph 27C(3)(b), or
- (b) issues a declaration under paragraph 27D.
- (2) If the ballot in connection with which the complaint was made has not been held, the CAC shall take steps to cancel it.
- (3) If that ballot is held, it shall have no effect.
##### 27F
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC gives a notice under paragraph 27C(3)(b).
- (2) Paragraphs 24 to 29 apply in relation to that notice as they apply in relation to a notice given under paragraph 22(3) or 23(2) but with the modifications specified in sub-paragraphs (3) to (6).
- (3) In each of sub-paragraphs (5)(a) and (6)(a) of paragraph 24 for “10 working days” substitute 5 working days.
- (4) An employer’s duty under paragraph (a) of paragraph 26(4) is limited to—
- (a) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of any workers in the bargaining unit which have not previously been given to it in accordance with that duty;
- (b) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of those workers who have joined the bargaining unit since he last gave the CAC information in accordance with that duty;
- (c) informing the CAC of any change to the name or home address of a worker whose name and home address have previously been given to the CAC in accordance with that duty; and
- (d) informing the CAC of any worker whose name had previously been given to it in accordance with that duty who has ceased to be within the bargaining unit.
- (5) Any order given under paragraph 27(1) or 27C(3)(a) for the purposes of the cancelled or ineffectual ballot shall have effect (to the extent that the CAC specifies in a notice to the parties) as if it were made for the purposes of the ballot to which the notice under paragraph 27C(3)(b) relates.
- (6) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne by such of the parties and in such proportions as the CAC may determine and, accordingly, sub-paragraphs (2) and (3) of paragraph 28 shall be omitted and the reference in sub-paragraph (4) of that paragraph to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) shall be construed as a reference to the party or parties which bear the costs in accordance with the CAC’s determination.
##### 28
- (1) This paragraph applies if the holding of a ballot has been arranged under paragraph 24 whether or not it has been cancelled.
- (2) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne—
- (a) as to half, by the employer, and
- (b) as to half, by the union (or unions).
- (3) If there is more than one union they shall bear their half of the gross costs—
- (a) in such proportions as they jointly indicate to the person appointed to conduct the ballot, or
- (b) in the absence of such an indication, in equal shares.
- (4) The person appointed to conduct the ballot may send to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) a demand stating—
- (a) the gross costs of the ballot, and
- (b) the amount of the gross costs to be borne by the recipient.
- (5) In such a case the recipient must pay the amount stated to the person sending the demand, and must do so within the period of 15 working days starting with the day after that on which the demand is received.
- (6) In England and Wales, if the amount stated is not paid in accordance with sub-paragraph (5) it shall, if a county court so orders, be recoverable by execution issued from that court or otherwise as if it were payable under an order of that court.
- (7) References to the costs of the ballot are to—
- (a) the costs wholly, exclusively and necessarily incurred in connection with the ballot by the person appointed to conduct it,
- (b) such reasonable amount as the person appointed to conduct the ballot charges for his services, and
- (c) such other costs as the employer and the union (or unions) agree.
##### 29
- (1) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is informed of the result of a ballot by the person conducting it, the CAC must act under this paragraph.
- (2) The CAC must inform the employer and the union (or unions) of the result of the ballot.
- (3) If the result is that the union is (or unions are) supported by—
- (a) a majority of the workers voting, and
- (b) at least 40 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit,
the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the result is otherwise the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be so recognised.
- (5) The Secretary of State may by order amend sub-paragraph (3) so as to specify a different degree of support; and different provision may be made for different circumstances.
- (6) An order under sub-paragraph (5) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (7) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 30
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under this Part of this Schedule that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) The parties may in the negotiation period conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) If no agreement is made in the negotiation period the employer or the union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for assistance.
- (4) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 30 working days starting with the start day, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
- (5) The start day is the day after that on which the parties are notified of the declaration.
##### 31
- (1) This paragraph applies if an application for assistance is made to the CAC under paragraph 30.
- (2) The CAC must try to help the parties to reach in the agreement period an agreement on a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) If at the end of the agreement period the parties have not made such an agreement the CAC must specify to the parties the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining.
- (4) Any method specified under sub-paragraph (3) is to have effect as if it were contained in a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (5) But if the parties agree in writing—
- (a) that sub-paragraph (4) shall not apply, or shall not apply to particular parts of the method specified by the CAC, or
- (b) to vary or replace the method specified by the CAC,
the written agreement shall have effect as a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (6) Specific performance shall be the only remedy available for breach of anything which is a legally enforceable contract by virtue of this paragraph.
- (7) If at any time before a specification is made under sub-paragraph (3) the parties jointly apply to the CAC requesting it to stop taking steps under this paragraph, the CAC must comply with the request.
- (8) The agreement period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application under paragraph 30, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the parties.
### Method not carried out
##### 32
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC issues a declaration under this Part of this Schedule that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit,
- (b) the parties agree a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining, and
- (c) one or more of the parties fails to carry out the agreement.
- (2) The parties may apply to the CAC for assistance.
- (3) Paragraph 31 applies as if paragraph 30 (in each place) read paragraph 30 or paragraph 32.
### General provisions about admissibility
##### 33
An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
##### 34
An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 35
- (1) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible if the CAC is satisfied that there is already in force a collective agreement under which a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of any workers falling within the relevant bargaining unit.
- (2) But sub-paragraph (1) does not apply to an application under paragraph 11 or 12 if—
- (a) the union (or unions) recognised under the collective agreement and the union (or unions) making the application under paragraph 11 or 12 are the same, and
- (b) the matters in respect of which the union is (or unions are) entitled to conduct collective bargaining do not include pay, hours or holidays.
- (3) A declaration of recognition which is the subject of a declaration under paragraph 83(2) must for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1) be treated as ceasing to have effect to the extent specified in paragraph 83(2) on the making of the declaration under paragraph 83(2).
- (4) In applying sub-paragraph (1) an agreement for recognition (the agreement in question) must be ignored if—
- (a) the union does not have (or none of the unions has) a certificate under section 6 that it is independent,
- (b) at some time there was an agreement (the old agreement) between the employer and the union under which the union (whether alone or with other unions) was recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group of workers which was the same or substantially the same as the group covered by the agreement in question, and
- (c) the old agreement ceased to have effect in the period of three years ending with the date of the agreement in question.
- (5) It is for the CAC to decide whether one group of workers is the same or substantially the same as another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
- (6) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 36
- (1) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit would be likely to favour recognition of the union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
- (2) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
- (3) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 37
- (1) This paragraph applies to an application made by more than one union under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (2) The application is not admissible unless—
- (a) the unions show that they will co-operate with each other in a manner likely to secure and maintain stable and effective collective bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) the unions show that, if the employer wishes, they will enter into arrangements under which collective bargaining is conducted by the unions acting together on behalf of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit.
- (3) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(4).
##### 38
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts a relevant application relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit,
- (b) the application has not been withdrawn,
- (c) no notice has been given under paragraph 17(2),
- (d) the CAC has not issued a declaration under paragraph 22(2), 27(2), 29(3) or 29(4) in relation to that bargaining unit, and
- (e) no notification has been made under paragraph 24(2).
- (2) Another relevant application is not admissible if—
- (a) at least one worker falling within the relevant bargaining unit also falls within the bargaining unit referred to in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (b) the application is made by a union (or unions) other than the union (or unions) which made the application referred to in sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (4) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 39
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts a relevant application relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit.
- (2) Another relevant application is not admissible if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the CAC gave notice of acceptance of the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1),
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (4) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
- (5) This paragraph does not apply if paragraph 40 or 41 applies.
##### 40
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 29(4) that a union is (or unions are) not entitled to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is held under this Part or Part III of this Schedule.
- (2) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the declaration was issued,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application leading to the declaration.
- (3) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 41
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 121(3) that bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is held under Part IV or Part V of this Schedule.
- (2) An application under paragraph 11 or 12 is not admissible if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the declaration was issued,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit to which the bargaining arrangements mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) relate, and
- (c) the application is made by the union which was a party (or unions which were parties) to the proceedings leading to the declaration.
- (3) The relevant bargaining unit is—
- (a) the proposed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2);
- (b) the agreed bargaining unit, where the application is under paragraph 12(4).
##### 42
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of paragraphs 39 to 41.
- (2) It is for the CAC to decide whether one bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
##### 43
- (1) Paragraphs 44 to 50 apply if the CAC has to decide under paragraph 20 whether an application is valid.
- (2) In those paragraphs—
- (a) references to the application in question are to that application, and
- (b) references to the relevant bargaining unit are to the bargaining unit agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC.
##### 44
- (1) The application in question is invalid if the CAC is satisfied that there is already in force a collective agreement under which a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of any workers falling within the relevant bargaining unit.
- (2) But sub-paragraph (1) does not apply to the application in question if—
- (a) the union (or unions) recognised under the collective agreement and the union (or unions) making the application in question are the same, and
- (b) the matters in respect of which the union is (or unions are) entitled to conduct collective bargaining do not include pay, hours or holidays.
- (3) A declaration of recognition which is the subject of a declaration under paragraph 83(2) must for the purposes of sub-paragraph (1) be treated as ceasing to have effect to the extent specified in paragraph 83(2) on the making of the declaration under paragraph 83(2).
- (4) In applying sub-paragraph (1) an agreement for recognition (the agreement in question) must be ignored if—
- (a) the union does not have (or none of the unions has) a certificate under section 6 that it is independent,
- (b) at some time there was an agreement (the old agreement) between the employer and the union under which the union (whether alone or with other unions) was recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group of workers which was the same or substantially the same as the group covered by the agreement in question, and
- (c) the old agreement ceased to have effect in the period of three years ending with the date of the agreement in question.
- (5) It is for the CAC to decide whether one group of workers is the same or substantially the same an another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
##### 45
The application in question is invalid unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the relevant bargaining unit would be likely to favour recognition of the union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit.
##### 46
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11 or 12 relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit,
- (b) the application has not been withdrawn,
- (c) no notice has been given under paragraph 17(2),
- (d) the CAC has not issued a declaration under paragraph 22(2), 27(2), 29(3) or 29(4) in relation to that bargaining unit, and
- (e) no notification has been made under paragraph 24(2).
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) at least one worker falling within the relevant bargaining unit also falls within the bargaining unit referred to in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (b) the application in question is made by a union (or unions) other than the union (or unions) which made the application referred to in sub-paragraph (1).
##### 47
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 11 or 12 relating to a bargaining unit or proceeds under paragraph 20 with an application relating to a bargaining unit.
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the CAC gave notice of acceptance of the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1),
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application mentioned in sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) This paragraph does not apply if paragraph 48 or 49 applies.
##### 48
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 29(4) that a union is (or unions are) not entitled to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is held under this Part or Part III of this Schedule.
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the date of the declaration,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit mentioned in sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the application is made by the union (or unions) which made the application leading to the declaration.
##### 49
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 121(3) that bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect; and this is so whether the ballot concerned is held under Part IV or Part V of this Schedule.
- (2) The application in question is invalid if—
- (a) the application is made within the period of 3 years starting with the day after that on which the declaration was issued,
- (b) the relevant bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as the bargaining unit to which the bargaining arrangements mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) relate, and
- (c) the application is made by the union which was a party (or unions which were parties) to the proceedings leading to the declaration.
##### 50
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of paragraphs 47 to 49.
- (2) It is for the CAC to decide whether one bargaining unit is the same or substantially the same as another, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
### Competing applications
##### 51
- (1) For the purposes of this paragraph—
- (a) the original application is the application referred to in paragraph 38(1) or 46(1), and
- (b) the competing application is the other application referred to in paragraph 38(2) or the application in question referred to in paragraph 46(2);
but an application cannot be an original application unless it was made under paragraph 11(2) or 12(2).
- (2) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides that the competing application is not admissible by reason of paragraph 38 or is invalid by reason of paragraph 46,
- (b) at the time the decision is made the parties to the original application have not agreed the appropriate bargaining unit under paragraph 18, and the CAC has not decided the appropriate bargaining unit under paragraph 19, in relation to the application, and
- (c) the 10 per cent test (within the meaning given by paragraph 14) is satisfied with regard to the competing application.
- (3) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must cancel the original application,
- (b) the CAC must give notice to the parties to the application that it has been cancelled,
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule in relation to the application, and
- (d) the application shall be treated as if it had never been admissible.
## Part II — Voluntary Recognition
### Agreements for recognition
##### 52
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) An agreement is an agreement for recognition if the following conditions are fulfilled in relation to it—
- (a) the agreement is made in the permitted period between a union (or unions) and an employer in consequence of a request made under paragraph 4 and valid within the terms of paragraphs 5 to 9;
- (b) under the agreement the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group or groups of workers employed by the employer;
- (c) if sub-paragraph (5) applies to the agreement, it is satisfied.
- (3) The permitted period is the period which begins with the day on which the employer receives the request and ends when the first of the following occurs—
- (a) the union withdraws (or unions withdraw) the request;
- (b) the union withdraws (or unions withdraw) any application under paragraph 11 or 12 made in consequence of the request;
- (c) the CAC gives notice of a decision under paragraph 14(7) which precludes it from accepting such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (d) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 15(4)(a) or 20(4)(a) in relation to such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (e) the parties give notice to the CAC under paragraph 17(2) in relation to such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (f) the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 22(2) in consequence of such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (g) the CAC is notified under paragraph 24(2) in relation to such an application under paragraph 11 or 12;
- (h) the last day of the notification period ends (the notification period being that defined by paragraph 24(5) and arising from such an application under paragraph 11 or 12);
- (i) the CAC is required under paragraph 51(3) to cancel such an application under paragraph 11 or 12.
- (4) Sub-paragraph (5) applies to an agreement if—
- (a) at the time it is made the CAC has received an application under paragraph 11 or 12 in consequence of the request mentioned in sub-paragraph (2), and
- (b) the CAC has not decided whether the application is admissible or it has decided that it is admissible.
- (5) This sub-paragraph is satisfied if, in relation to the application under paragraph 11 or 12, the parties give notice to the CAC under paragraph 17 before the final event (as defined in paragraph 17) occurs.
### Other interpretation
##### 53
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) In relation to an agreement for recognition, references to the bargaining unit are to the group of workers (or the groups taken together) to which the agreement for recognition relates.
- (3) In relation to an agreement for recognition, references to the parties are to the union (or unions) and the employer who are parties to the agreement.
##### 54
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) The meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply.
- (3) Except in paragraph 63(2), in relation to an agreement for recognition references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the matters in respect of which the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct negotiations under the agreement for recognition.
- (4) In paragraph 63(2) the reference to collective bargaining is to negotiations relating to pay, hours and holidays.
### Determination of type of agreement
##### 55
- (1) This paragraph applies if one or more of the parties to an agreement applies to the CAC for a decision whether or not the agreement is an agreement for recognition.
- (2) The CAC must give notice of receipt of an application under sub-paragraph (1) to any parties to the agreement who are not parties to the application.
- (3) The CAC must within the decision period decide whether the agreement is an agreement for recognition.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the agreement is an agreement for recognition it must issue a declaration to that effect.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the agreement is not an agreement for recognition it must issue a declaration to that effect.
- (6) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application under sub-paragraph (1), or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties to the agreement by notice containing reasons for the extension.
### Termination of agreement for recognition
##### 56
- (1) The employer may not terminate an agreement for recognition before the relevant period ends.
- (2) After that period ends the employer may terminate the agreement, with or without the consent of the union (or unions).
- (3) The union (or unions) may terminate an agreement for recognition at any time, with or without the consent of the employer.
- (4) Sub-paragraphs (1) to (3) have effect subject to the terms of the agreement or any other agreement of the parties.
- (5) The relevant period is the period of three years starting with the day after the date of the agreement.
##### 57
- (1) If an agreement for recognition is terminated, as from the termination the agreement and any provisions relating to the collective bargaining method shall cease to have effect.
- (2) For this purpose provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) any agreement between the parties as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the bargaining unit, or
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the bargaining unit.
### Application to CAC to specify method
##### 58
- (1) This paragraph applies if the parties make an agreement for recognition.
- (2) The parties may in the negotiation period conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) If no agreement is made in the negotiation period the employer or the union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for assistance.
- (4) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 30 working days starting with the start day, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
- (5) The start day is the day after that on which the agreement is made.
##### 59
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the parties to an agreement for recognition agree a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining, and
- (b) one or more of the parties fails to carry out the agreement as to a method.
- (2) The employer or the union (or unions) may apply to the CAC for assistance.
##### 60
- (1) This paragraph applies if an application for assistance is made to the CAC under paragraph 58 or 59.
- (2) The application is not admissible unless the conditions in sub-paragraphs (3) and (4) are satisfied.
- (3) The condition is that the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, must—
- (a) employ at least 21 workers on the day the application is made, or
- (b) employ an average of at least 21 workers in the 13 weeks ending with that day.
- (4) The condition is that the union (or every union) has a certificate under section 6 that it is independent.
- (5) To find the average under sub-paragraph (3)(b)—
- (a) take the number of workers employed in each of the 13 weeks (including workers not employed for the whole of the week);
- (b) aggregate the 13 numbers;
- (c) divide the aggregate by 13.
- (6) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)(a) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored unless the day the application was made fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (7) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)(b) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored in relation to a week unless the whole or any part of that week fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (8) For the purposes of sub-paragraphs (6) and (7) a worker who is employed on board a ship registered in the register maintained under section 8 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 shall be treated as ordinarily working in Great Britain unless—
- (a) the ship’s entry in the register specifies a port outside Great Britain as the port to which the vessel is to be treated as belonging,
- (b) the employment is wholly outside Great Britain, or
- (c) the worker is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain.
- (9) An order made under paragraph 7(6) may also—
- (a) provide that sub-paragraphs (2), (3) and (5) to (8) of this paragraph are not to apply, or are not to apply in specified circumstances, or
- (b) vary the number of workers for the time being specified in sub-paragraph (3).
##### 61
- (1) An application to the CAC is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application which is made by a union (or unions) to the CAC is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
- (3) An application which is made by an employer to the CAC is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
### CAC’s response to application
##### 62
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 58 or 59.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 60 and 61.
- (3) In deciding whether an application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 63
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application it must try to help the parties to reach in the agreement period an agreement on a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (2) If at the end of the agreement period the parties have not made such an agreement the CAC must specify to the parties the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining.
- (3) Any method specified under sub-paragraph (2) is to have effect as if it were contained in a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (4) But if the parties agree in writing—
- (a) that sub-paragraph (3) shall not apply, or shall not apply to particular parts of the method specified by the CAC, or
- (b) to vary or replace the method specified by the CAC,
the written agreement shall have effect as a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (5) Specific performance shall be the only remedy available for breach of anything which is a legally enforceable contract by virtue of this paragraph.
- (6) If the CAC accepts an application, the applicant may not withdraw it after the end of the agreement period.
- (7) If at any time before a specification is made under sub-paragraph (2) the parties jointly apply to the CAC requesting it to stop taking steps under this paragraph, the CAC must comply with the request.
- (8) The agreement period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
## Part III — Changes affecting bargaining unit
### Introduction
##### 64
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if—
- (a) the CAC has issued a declaration that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, and
- (b) provisions relating to the collective bargaining method apply in relation to the unit.
- (2) In such a case, in this Part of this Schedule—
- (a) references to the original unit are to the bargaining unit on whose behalf the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining, and
- (b) references to the bargaining arrangements are to the declaration and to the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method which apply in relation to the original unit.
- (3) For this purpose provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) the parties’ agreement as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the original unit,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the original unit, or
- (c) any provision of this Part of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect with regard to the original unit.
##### 65
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Either party believes unit no longer appropriate
##### 66
- (1) This paragraph applies if the employer believes or the union believes (or unions believe) that the original unit is no longer an appropriate bargaining unit.
- (2) The employer or union (or unions) may apply to the CAC to make a decision as to what is an appropriate bargaining unit.
##### 67
- (1) An application under paragraph 66 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that it is likely that the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The matters are—
- (a) a change in the organisation or structure of the business carried on by the employer;
- (b) a change in the activities pursued by the employer in the course of the business carried on by him;
- (c) a substantial change in the number of workers employed in the original unit.
##### 68
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 66.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 67 and 92.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible —
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 69
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, and
- (b) before the end of the first period the parties agree a bargaining unit or units (the new unit or units) differing from the original unit and inform the CAC of their agreement.
- (2) If in the CAC’s opinion the new unit (or any of the new units) contains at least one worker falling within an outside bargaining unit no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (3) If sub-paragraph (2) does not apply—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit or units;
- (b) so far as it affects workers in the new unit (or units) who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (c) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit or units, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
- (4) The first period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree and notify to the CAC.
- (5) An outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
##### 70
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, and
- (b) the parties do not inform the CAC before the end of the first period that they have agreed a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit.
- (2) During the second period—
- (a) the CAC must decide whether or not the original unit continues to be an appropriate bargaining unit;
- (b) if the CAC decides that the original unit does not so continue, it must decide what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate;
- (c) the CAC must give notice to the parties of its decision or decisions under paragraphs (a) and (b).
- (3) In deciding whether or not the original unit continues to be an appropriate bargaining unit the CAC must take into account only these matters—
- (a) any change in the organisation or structure of the business carried on by the employer;
- (b) any change in the activities pursued by the employer in the course of the business carried on by him;
- (c) any substantial change in the number of workers employed in the original unit.
- (4) In deciding what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate the CAC must take these matters into account—
- (a) the need for the unit or units to be compatible with effective management;
- (b) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (5), so far as they do not conflict with that need.
- (5) The matters are—
- (a) the views of the employer and of the union (or unions);
- (b) existing national and local bargaining arrangements;
- (c) the desirability of avoiding small fragmented bargaining units within an undertaking;
- (d) the characteristics of workers falling within the original unit and of any other employees of the employer whom the CAC considers relevant;
- (e) the location of workers.
- (6) If the CAC decides that two or more bargaining units are appropriate its decision must be such that no worker falls within more than one of them.
- (7) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 71
If the CAC gives notice under paragraph 70 of a decision that the original unit continues to be an appropriate bargaining unit no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
##### 72
Paragraph 82 applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 70 of—
- (a) a decision that the original unit is no longer an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (b) a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
##### 73
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the parties agree under paragraph 69 a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit,
- (b) paragraph 69(2) does not apply, and
- (c) at least one worker falling within the original unit does not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units).
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to the worker or workers mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c), are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
### Employer believes unit has ceased to exist
##### 74
- (1) If the employer—
- (a) believes that the original unit has ceased to exist, and
- (b) wishes the bargaining arrangements to cease to have effect,
he must give the union (or each of the unions) a notice complying with sub-paragraph (2) and must give a copy of the notice to the CAC.
- (2) A notice complies with this sub-paragraph if it—
- (a) identifies the unit and the bargaining arrangements,
- (b) states the date on which the notice is given,
- (c) states that the unit has ceased to exist, and
- (d) states that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date which is specified in the notice and which falls after the end of the period of 35 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given.
- (3) Within the validation period the CAC must decide whether the notice complies with sub-paragraph (2).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the notice does not comply with sub-paragraph (2)—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the employer’s notice shall be treated as not having been given.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the notice complies with sub-paragraph (2) it must give the parties notice of the decision.
- (6) The bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the date specified under sub-paragraph (2)(d) if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under sub-paragraph (5), and
- (b) the union does not (or unions do not) apply to the CAC under paragraph 75.
- (7) The validation period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the copy of the notice, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 75
- (1) Paragraph 76 applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 74(5), and
- (b) within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given the union makes (or unions make) an application to the CAC for a decision on the questions specified in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The questions are—
- (a) whether the original unit has ceased to exist;
- (b) whether the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in sub-paragraph (3).
- (3) The matters are—
- (a) a change in the organisation or structure of the business carried on by the employer;
- (b) a change in the activities pursued by the employer in the course of the business carried on by him;
- (c) a substantial change in the number of workers employed in the original unit.
##### 76
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 75.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraph 92.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 77
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application it—
- (a) must give the employer and the union (or unions) an opportunity to put their views on the questions in relation to which the application was made;
- (b) must decide the questions before the end of the decision period.
- (2) If the CAC decides that the original unit has ceased to exist—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the termination date.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the original unit has not ceased to exist, and that it is not the case that the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in paragraph 75(3)—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the employer’s notice shall be treated as not having been given.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the original unit has not ceased to exist, and that the original unit is no longer appropriate by reason of any of the matters specified in paragraph 75(3), the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision.
- (5) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (6) The termination date is the later of—
- (a) the date specified under paragraph 74(2)(d), and
- (b) the day after the last day of the decision period.
##### 78
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 77(4), and
- (b) before the end of the first period the parties agree a bargaining unit or units (the new unit or units) differing from the original unit and inform the CAC of their agreement.
- (2) If in the CAC’s opinion the new unit (or any of the new units) contains at least one worker falling within an outside bargaining unit no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (3) If sub-paragraph (2) does not apply—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit or units;
- (b) so far as it affects workers in the new unit (or units) who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (c) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit or units, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
- (4) The first period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice under paragraph 77(4), or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree and notify to the CAC.
- (5) An outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
##### 79
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 77(4), and
- (b) the parties do not inform the CAC before the end of the first period that they have agreed a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit.
- (2) During the second period the CAC—
- (a) must decide what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate;
- (b) must give notice of its decision to the parties.
- (3) In deciding what other bargaining unit is or units are appropriate, the CAC must take these matters into account—
- (a) the need for the unit or units to be compatible with effective management;
- (b) the matters listed in sub-paragraph (4), so far as they do not conflict with that need.
- (4) The matters are—
- (a) the views of the employer and of the union (or unions);
- (b) existing national and local bargaining arrangements;
- (c) the desirability of avoiding small fragmented bargaining units within an undertaking;
- (d) the characteristics of workers falling within the original unit and of any other employees of the employer whom the CAC considers relevant;
- (e) the location of workers.
- (5) If the CAC decides that two or more bargaining units are appropriate its decision must be such that no worker falls within more than one of them.
- (6) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 80
Paragraph 82 applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 79 of a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
##### 81
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the parties agree under paragraph 78 a bargaining unit or units differing from the original unit,
- (b) paragraph 78(2) does not apply, and
- (c) at least one worker falling within the original unit does not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units).
- (2) In such a case —
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to the worker or workers mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c), are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
### Position where CAC decides new unit
##### 82
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 70 of—
- (a) a decision that the original unit is no longer an appropriate bargaining unit, and
- (b) a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC gives notice under paragraph 79 of a decision as to the bargaining unit which is (or units which are) appropriate.
- (3) The CAC—
- (a) must proceed as stated in paragraphs 83 to 89 with regard to the appropriate unit (if there is one only), or
- (b) must proceed as stated in paragraphs 83 to 89 with regard to each appropriate unit separately (if there are two or more).
- (4) References in those paragraphs to the new unit are to the appropriate unit under consideration.
##### 83
- (1) This paragraph applies if in the CAC’s opinion the new unit contains at least one worker falling within a statutory outside bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the relevant bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the relevant bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (3) The relevant bargaining arrangements are—
- (a) the bargaining arrangements relating to the original unit, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements relating to each statutory outside bargaining unit containing workers who fall within the new unit.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements relating to the original unit are the bargaining arrangements as defined in paragraph 64.
- (5) The bargaining arrangements relating to an outside unit are—
- (a) the declaration recognising a union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the outside unit, and
- (b) the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method.
- (6) For this purpose the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) any agreement by the employer and the union (or unions) as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the outside unit,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted with regard to the outside unit, or
- (c) any provision of this Part of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect with regard to the outside unit.
- (7) A statutory outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf by virtue of a declaration of the CAC;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
- (8) The date specified under sub-paragraph (1)(a) must be—
- (a) the date on which the relevant period expires, or
- (b) if the CAC believes that to maintain the relevant bargaining arrangements would be impracticable or contrary to the interests of good industrial relations, the date after the date on which the declaration is issued;
and the relevant period is the period of 65 working days starting with the day after that on which the declaration is issued.
##### 84
- (1) This paragraph applies if in the CAC’s opinion the new unit contains—
- (a) at least one worker falling within a voluntary outside bargaining unit, but
- (b) no worker falling within a statutory outside bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the original bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the original bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (3) The original bargaining arrangements are the bargaining arrangements as defined in paragraph 64.
- (4) A voluntary outside bargaining unit is a bargaining unit which fulfils these conditions—
- (a) it is not the original unit;
- (b) a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf by virtue of an agreement with the employer;
- (c) the union (or at least one of the unions) is not a party referred to in paragraph 64.
- (5) The date specified under sub-paragraph (2)(a) must be—
- (a) the date on which the relevant period expires, or
- (b) if the CAC believes that to maintain the original bargaining arrangements would be impracticable or contrary to the interests of good industrial relations, the date after the date on which the declaration is issued;
and the relevant period is the period of 65 working days starting with the day after that on which the declaration is issued.
##### 85
- (1) If the CAC’s opinion is not that mentioned in paragraph 83(1) or 84(1) it must—
- (a) decide whether the difference between the original unit and the new unit is such that the support of the union (or unions) within the new unit needs to be assessed, and
- (b) inform the parties of its decision.
- (2) If the CAC’s decision is that such support does not need to be assessed—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit;
- (b) so far as it affects workers in the new unit who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (c) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
##### 86
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC decides under paragraph 85(1) that the support of the union (or unions) within the new unit needs to be assessed.
- (2) The CAC must decide these questions—
- (a) whether members of the union (or unions) constitute at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the new unit;
- (b) whether a majority of the workers constituting the new unit would be likely to favour recognition of the union (or unions) as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit.
- (3) If the CAC decides one or both of the questions in the negative—
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
##### 87
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides both the questions in paragraph 86(2) in the affirmative, and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the new unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must issue a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the workers constituting the new unit.
- (3) But if any of the three qualifying conditions is fulfilled, instead of issuing a declaration under sub-paragraph (2) the CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the new unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) These are the three qualifying conditions—
- (a) the CAC is satisfied that a ballot should be held in the interests of good industrial relations;
- (b) a significant number of the union members within the new unit inform the CAC that they do not want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf;
- (c) membership evidence is produced which leads the CAC to conclude that there are doubts whether a significant number of the union members within the new unit want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (4)(c) membership evidence is—
- (a) evidence about the circumstances in which union members became members;
- (b) evidence about the length of time for which union members have been members, in a case where the CAC is satisfied that such evidence should be taken into account.
- (6) If the CAC issues a declaration under sub-paragraph (2)—
- (a) so far as it affects workers in the new unit who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (b) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
##### 88
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides both the questions in paragraph 86(2) in the affirmative, and
- (b) the CAC is not satisfied that a majority of the workers constituting the new unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must give notice to the parties that it intends to arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the new unit are asked whether they want the union (or unions) to conduct collective bargaining on their behalf.
##### 89
- (1) If the CAC gives notice under paragraph 87(3) or 88(2) the union (or unions) may within the notification period notify the CAC that the union does not (or unions do not) want the CAC to arrange for the holding of the ballot; and the notification period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the union (or last of the unions) receives the CAC’s notice.
- (2) If the CAC is so notified—
- (a) it must not arrange for the holding of the ballot,
- (b) it must inform the parties that it will not arrange for the holding of the ballot, and why,
- (c) it must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect on a date specified by it in the declaration, and
- (d) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (3) If the CAC is not so notified it must arrange for the holding of the ballot.
- (4) Paragraph 25 applies if the CAC arranges under this paragraph for the holding of a ballot (as well as if the CAC arranges under paragraph 24 for the holding of a ballot).
- (5) Paragraphs 26 to 29 apply accordingly, but as if references to the bargaining unit were references to the new unit.
- (6) If as a result of the ballot the CAC issues a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit—
- (a) so far as it affects workers in the new unit who fall within the original unit, the declaration shall have effect in place of any declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the original unit;
- (b) the method of collective bargaining relating to the original unit shall have effect in relation to the new unit, with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
- (7) If as a result of the ballot the CAC issues a declaration that the union is (or unions are) not entitled to be recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit—
- (a) the CAC must state in the declaration the date on which the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to workers falling within the new unit, are to cease to have effect, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (8) Paragraphs (a) and (b) of sub-paragraph (6) also apply if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 27(2).
### Residual workers
##### 90
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC decides an appropriate bargaining unit or units under paragraph 70 or 79, and
- (b) at least one worker falling within the original unit does not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units).
- (2) In such a case —
- (a) the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements, so far as relating to the worker or workers mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(b), are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration, and
- (b) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
##### 91
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC has proceeded as stated in paragraphs 83 to 89 with regard to the new unit (if there is one only) or with regard to each new unit (if there are two or more), and
- (b) in so doing the CAC has issued one or more declarations under paragraph 83.
- (2) The CAC must—
- (a) consider each declaration issued under paragraph 83, and
- (b) in relation to each declaration, identify each statutory outside bargaining unit which contains at least one worker who also falls within the new unit to which the declaration relates;
and in this paragraph each statutory outside bargaining unit so identified is referred to as a parent unit.
- (3) The CAC must then—
- (a) consider each parent unit, and
- (b) in relation to each parent unit, identify any workers who fall within the parent unit but who do not fall within the new unit (or any of the new units);
and in this paragraph the workers so identified in relation to a parent unit are referred to as a residual unit.
- (4) In relation to each residual unit, the CAC must issue a declaration that the outside union is (or outside unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on its behalf.
- (5) But no such declaration shall be issued in relation to a residual unit if the CAC has received an application under paragraph 66 or 75 in relation to its parent unit.
- (6) In this paragraph references to the outside union (or to outside unions) in relation to a residual unit are to the union which is (or unions which are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of its parent unit.
- (7) If the CAC issues a declaration under sub-paragraph (4)—
- (a) the declaration shall have effect in place of the existing declaration that the outside union is (or outside unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the parent unit, so far as the existing declaration relates to the residual unit;
- (b) if there is a method of collective bargaining relating to the parent unit, it shall have effect in relation to the residual unit with any modifications which the CAC considers necessary to take account of the change of bargaining unit and specifies in the declaration.
### Applications under this Part
##### 92
- (1) An application to the CAC under this Part of this Schedule is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application which is made by a union (or unions) to the CAC under this Part of this Schedule is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
- (3) An application which is made by an employer to the CAC under this Part of this Schedule is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
### Withdrawal of application
##### 93
- (1) If an application under paragraph 66 or 75 is accepted by the CAC, the applicant (or applicants) may not withdraw the application—
- (a) after the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 69(3) or 78(3),
- (b) after the CAC decides under paragraph 77(2) or 77(3),
- (c) after the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 83(1), 85(2), 86(3) or 87(2) in relation to the new unit (where there is only one) or a declaration under any of those paragraphs in relation to any of the new units (where there is more than one),
- (d) after the union has (or unions have) notified the CAC under paragraph 89(1) in relation to the new unit (where there is only one) or any of the new units (where there is more than one), or
- (e) after the end of the notification period referred to in paragraph 89(1) and relating to the new unit (where there is only one) or any of the new units (where there is more than one).
- (2) If an application is withdrawn by the applicant (or applicants)—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of the withdrawal to the other party (or parties), and
- (b) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
### Meaning of collective bargaining
##### 94
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) Except in relation to paragraphs 69(5), 78(5) and 83(6), the meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply.
- (3) In relation to a new unit references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the matters which were the subject of collective bargaining in relation to the corresponding original unit; and the corresponding original unit is the unit which was the subject of an application under paragraph 66 or 75 in consequence of which the new unit was agreed by the parties or decided by the CAC.
- (4) But if the parties agree matters as the subject of collective bargaining in relation to the new unit, references to collective bargaining in relation to that unit are to negotiations relating to the agreed matters; and this is the case whether the agreement is made before or after the time when the CAC issues a declaration that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the new unit.
- (5) In relation to a residual unit in relation to which a declaration is issued under paragraph 91, references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to the matters which were the subject of collective bargaining in relation to the corresponding parent unit.
- (6) In construing paragraphs 69(3)(c), 78(3)(c), 85(2)(c), 87(6)(b) and 89(6)(b)—
- (a) sub-paragraphs (3) and (4) do not apply, and
- (b) references to collective bargaining are to negotiations relating to pay, hours and holidays.
### Method of collective bargaining
##### 95
- (1) This paragraph applies for the purposes of this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) Where a method of collective bargaining has effect in relation to a new unit, that method shall have effect as if it were contained in a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (3) But if the parties agree in writing—
- (a) that sub-paragraph (2) shall not apply, or shall not apply to particular parts of the method, or
- (b) to vary or replace the method,
the written agreement shall have effect as a legally enforceable contract made by the parties.
- (4) Specific performance shall be the only remedy available for breach of anything which is a legally enforceable contract by virtue of this paragraph.
## Part IV — Derecognition: General
### Introduction
##### 96
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if the CAC has issued a declaration that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to the declaration and to the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method.
- (3) For this purpose the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) the parties’ agreement as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted, or
- (c) any provision of Part III of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect.
##### 97
For the purposes of this Part of this Schedule the relevant date is the date of the expiry of the period of 3 years starting with the date of the CAC’s declaration.
##### 98
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Employer employs fewer than 21 workers
##### 99
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the employer believes that he, taken with any associated employer or employers, employed an average of fewer than 21 workers in any period of 13 weeks, and
- (b) that period ends on or after the relevant date.
- (2) If the employer wishes the bargaining arrangements to cease to have effect, he must give the union (or each of the unions) a notice complying with sub-paragraph (3) and must give a copy of the notice to the CAC.
- (3) A notice complies with this sub-paragraph if it—
- (a) identifies the bargaining arrangements,
- (b) specifies the period of 13 weeks in question,
- (c) states the date on which the notice is given,
- (d) is given within the period of 5 working days starting with the day after the last day of the specified period of 13 weeks,
- (e) states that the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, employed an average of fewer than 21 workers in the specified period of 13 weeks, and
- (f) states that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date which is specified in the notice and which falls after the end of the period of 35 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given.
- (4) To find the average number of workers employed by the employer, taken with any associated employer or employers, in the specified period of 13 weeks—
- (a) take the number of workers employed in each of the 13 weeks (including workers not employed for the whole of the week);
- (b) aggregate the 13 numbers;
- (c) divide the aggregate by 13.
- (5) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)(a) any worker employed by an associated company incorporated outside Great Britain must be ignored in relation to a week unless the whole or any part of that week fell within a period during which he ordinarily worked in Great Britain.
- (6) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (5) a worker who is employed on board a ship registered in the register maintained under section 8 of the Merchant Shipping Act 1995 shall be treated as ordinarily working in Great Britain unless—
- (a) the ship’s entry in the register specifies a port outside Great Britain as the port to which the vessel is to be treated as belonging,
- (b) the employment is wholly outside Great Britain, or
- (c) the worker is not ordinarily resident in Great Britain.
- (7) An order made under paragraph 7(6) may also—
- (a) provide that sub-paragraphs (1) to (6) of this paragraph and paragraphs 100 to 103 are not to apply, or are not to apply in specified circumstances, or
- (b) vary the number of workers for the time being specified in sub-paragraphs (1)(a) and (3)(e).
##### 99A
- (1) A notice given for the purposes of paragraph 99(2) (“the notice in question”) is invalidated by this paragraph if—
- (a) a relevant application was made, or an earlier notice under paragraph 99(2) was given, within the period of 3 years prior to the date when the notice in question was given,
- (b) the relevant application, or that earlier notice, and the notice in question relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application or (as the case may be) decided under paragraph 100 that the earlier notice under paragraph 99(2) complied with paragraph 99(3).
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (b) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 100
- (1) Within the validation period the CAC must decide whether the notice complies with paragraph 99(3).
- (2) If the CAC decides that the notice does not comply with paragraph 99(3)—
- (a) the CAC must give the parties notice of its decision, and
- (b) the employer’s notice shall be treated as not having been given.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the notice complies with paragraph 99(3) it must give the parties notice of the decision.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the date specified under paragraph 99(3)(f) if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under sub-paragraph (3), and
- (b) the union does not (or unions do not) apply to the CAC under paragraph 101.
- (5) The validation period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the copy of the notice, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 101
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 100(3), and
- (b) within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the notice is given, the union makes (or unions make) an application to the CAC for a decision whether the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) ends on or after the relevant date and whether the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is correct.
- (2) An application is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (3) An application is not admissible unless the union gives (or unions give) to the employer—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
- (4) An application is not admissible if—
- (a) a relevant application was made within the period of 3 years prior to the date of the application,
- (b) the relevant application and the application relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application.
- (5) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) by the union (or the unions) under this paragraph,
- (b) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (c) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 102
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 101.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraph 101.
- (3) In deciding whether an application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application,
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule, and
- (d) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the date specified under paragraph 99(3)(f).
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 103
- (1) If the CAC accepts an application it—
- (a) must give the employer and the union (or unions) an opportunity to put their views on the questions whether the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) ends on or after the relevant date and whether the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is correct;
- (b) must decide the questions within the decision period and must give reasons for the decision.
- (2) If the CAC decides that the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) ends on or after the relevant date and that the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is correct the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect on the termination date.
- (3) If the CAC decides that the period of 13 weeks specified under paragraph 99(3)(b) does not end on or after the relevant date or that the statement made under paragraph 99(3)(e) is not correct, the notice under paragraph 99 shall be treated as not having been given.
- (4) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (5) The termination date is the later of—
- (a) the date specified under paragraph 99(3)(f), and
- (b) the day after the last day of the decision period.
### Employer’s request to end arrangements
##### 104
- (1) This paragraph and paragraphs 105 to 111 apply if after the relevant date the employer requests the union (or each of the unions) to agree to end the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The request is not valid unless it—
- (a) is in writing,
- (b) is received by the union (or each of the unions),
- (c) identifies the bargaining arrangements, and
- (d) states that it is made under this Schedule.
##### 105
- (1) If before the end of the first period the parties agree to end the bargaining arrangements no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) Sub-paragraph (3) applies if before the end of the first period—
- (a) the union informs the employer that the union does not accept the request but is willing to negotiate, or
- (b) the unions inform the employer that the unions do not accept the request but are willing to negotiate.
- (3) The parties may conduct negotiations with a view to agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements.
- (4) If such an agreement is made before the end of the second period no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) The employer and the union (or unions) may request ACAS to assist in conducting the negotiations.
- (6) The first period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after—
- (a) the day on which the union receives the request, or
- (b) the last day on which any of the unions receives the request.
- (7) The second period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the first period ends, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
##### 106
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) before the end of the first period the union fails (or unions fail) to respond to the request, or
- (b) before the end of the first period the union informs the employer that it does not (or unions inform the employer that they do not) accept the request (without indicating a willingness to negotiate).
- (2) The employer may apply to the CAC for the holding of a secret ballot to decide whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
##### 107
- (1) This paragraph applies if —
- (a) the union informs (or unions inform) the employer under paragraph 105(2), and
- (b) no agreement is made before the end of the second period.
- (2) The employer may apply to the CAC for the holding of a secret ballot to decide whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (3) But no application may be made if within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the union informs (or unions inform) the employer under paragraph 105(2) the union proposes (or unions propose) that ACAS be requested to assist in conducting the negotiations and—
- (a) the employer rejects the proposal, or
- (b) the employer fails to accept the proposal within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the union makes (or unions make) the proposal.
##### 108
- (1) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 109
- (1) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible if—
- (a) a relevant application was made within the period of 3 years prior to the date of the application under paragraph 106 or 107,
- (b) the relevant application and the application under paragraph 106 or 107 relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application.
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) by the union (or the unions) under paragraph 101,
- (b) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (c) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 110
- (1) An application under paragraph 106 or 107 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit favour an end of the bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit would be likely to favour an end of the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 111
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 106 or 107.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether—
- (a) the request is valid within the terms of paragraph 104, and
- (b) the application is made in accordance with paragraph 106 or 107 and admissible within the terms of paragraphs 108 to 110.
- (3) In deciding those questions the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (4) If the CAC decides that the request is not valid or the application is not made in accordance with paragraph 106 or 107 or is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the request is valid and the application is made in accordance with paragraph 106 or 107 and is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
### Workers’ application to end arrangements
##### 112
- (1) A worker or workers falling within the bargaining unit may after the relevant date apply to the CAC to have the bargaining arrangements ended.
- (2) An application is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (3) An application is not admissible unless the worker gives (or workers give) to the employer and to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 113
- (1) An application under paragraph 112 is not admissible if—
- (a) a relevant application was made within the period of 3 years prior to the date of the application under paragraph 112,
- (b) the relevant application and the application under paragraph 112 relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application.
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) by the union (or the unions) under paragraph 101,
- (b) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (c) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 114
- (1) An application under paragraph 112 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit favour an end of the bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit would be likely to favour an end of the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 115
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) of receipt of an application under paragraph 112.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 112 to 114.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer, the union (or unions) or any of the workers falling within the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions),
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 116
- (1) If the CAC accepts the application, in the negotiation period the CAC must help the employer, the union (or unions) and the worker (or workers) with a view to—
- (a) the employer and the union (or unions) agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements, or
- (b) the worker (or workers) withdrawing the application.
- (2) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
### Ballot on derecognition
##### 117
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 106 or 107.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 112, and
- (b) in the period mentioned in paragraph 116(1) there is no agreement or withdrawal as there described.
- (3) The CAC must arrange for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (4) The ballot must be conducted by a qualified independent person appointed by the CAC.
- (5) The ballot must be conducted within—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the qualified independent person is appointed, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide.
- (6) The ballot must be conducted—
- (a) at a workplace or workplaces decided by the CAC,
- (b) by post, or
- (c) by a combination of the methods described in sub-paragraphs (a) and (b),
depending on the CAC’s preference.
- (7) In deciding how the ballot is to be conducted the CAC must take into account—
- (a) the likelihood of the ballot being affected by unfairness or malpractice if it were conducted at a workplace or workplaces;
- (b) costs and practicality;
- (c) such other matters as the CAC considers appropriate.
- (8) The CAC may not decide that the ballot is to be conducted as mentioned in sub-paragraph (6)(c) unless there are special factors making such a decision appropriate; and special factors include—
- (a) factors arising from the location of workers or the nature of their employment;
- (b) factors put to the CAC by the employer or the union (or unions).
- (9) A person is a qualified independent person if—
- (a) he satisfies such conditions as may be specified for the purposes of this paragraph by order of the Secretary of State or is himself so specified, and
- (b) there are no grounds for believing either that he will carry out any functions conferred on him in relation to the ballot otherwise than competently or that his independence in relation to the ballot might reasonably be called into question.
- (10) An order under sub-paragraph (9)(a) shall be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
- (11) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is required under sub-paragraph (3) to arrange for the holding of a ballot it must inform the employer and the union (or unions)—
- (a) that it is so required;
- (b) of the name of the person appointed to conduct the ballot and the date of his appointment;
- (c) of the period within which the ballot must be conducted;
- (d) whether the ballot is to be conducted by post or at a workplace or workplaces;
- (e) of the workplace or workplaces concerned (if the ballot is to be conducted at a workplace or workplaces).
##### 118
- (1) An employer who is informed by the CAC under paragraph 117(11) must comply with the following three duties.
- (2) The first duty is to co-operate generally, in connection with the ballot, with the union (or unions) and the person appointed to conduct the ballot; and the second and third duties are not to prejudice the generality of this.
- (3) The second duty is to give to the union (or unions) such access to the workers constituting the bargaining unit as is reasonable to enable the union (or unions) to inform the workers of the object of the ballot and to seek their support and their opinions on the issues involved.
- (4) The third duty is to do the following (so far as it is reasonable to expect the employer to do so)—
- (a) to give to the CAC, within the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the employer is informed under paragraph 117(11), the names and home addresses of the workers constituting the bargaining unit;
- (b) to give to the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, the name and home address of any worker who joins the unit after the employer has complied with paragraph (a);
- (c) to inform the CAC, as soon as is reasonably practicable, of any worker whose name has been given to the CAC under paragraph (a) or (b) but who ceases to be within the unit.
- (5) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC receives any information under sub-paragraph (4) it must pass it on to the person appointed to conduct the ballot.
- (6) If asked to do so by the union (or unions) the person appointed to conduct the ballot must send to any worker—
- (a) whose name and home address have been given under sub-paragraph (5), and
- (b) who is still within the unit (so far as the person so appointed is aware),
any information supplied by the union (or unions) to the person so appointed.
- (7) The duty under sub-paragraph (6) does not apply unless the union bears (or unions bear) the cost of sending the information.
- (8) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about reasonable access for the purposes of sub-paragraph (3)—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 119
- (1) If the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to fulfil any of the three duties imposed by paragraph 118, and the ballot has not been held, the CAC may order the employer—
- (a) to take such steps to remedy the failure as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order, and
- (b) to do so within such period as the CAC considers reasonable and specifies in the order.
- (2) If—
- (a) the ballot has been arranged in consequence of an application under paragraph 106 or 107,
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that the employer has failed to comply with an order under sub-paragraph (1), and
- (c) the ballot has not been held,
the CAC may refuse the application.
- (3) If—
- (a) the ballot has been arranged in consequence of an application under paragraph 112, and
- (b) the ballot has not been held,
an order under sub-paragraph (1), on being recorded in the county court, may be enforced in the same way as an order of that court.
- (4) If the CAC refuses an application under sub-paragraph (2) it shall take steps to cancel the holding of the ballot; and if the ballot is held it shall have no effect.
##### 119A
- (1) Each of the parties informed by the CAC under paragraph 117(11) must refrain from using any unfair practice.
- (2) A party uses an unfair practice if, with a view to influencing the result of the ballot, the party—
- (a) offers to pay money or give money’s worth to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot in return for the worker’s agreement to vote in a particular way or to abstain from voting,
- (b) makes an outcome-specific offer to a worker entitled to vote in the ballot,
- (c) coerces or attempts to coerce a worker entitled to vote in the ballot to disclose—
- (i) whether he intends to vote or to abstain from voting in the ballot, or
- (ii) how he intends to vote, or how he has voted, in the ballot,
- (d) dismisses or threatens to dismiss a worker,
- (e) takes or threatens to take disciplinary action against a worker,
- (f) subjects or threatens to subject a worker to any other detriment, or
- (g) uses or attempts to use undue influence on a worker entitled to vote in the ballot.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2)(b) an “outcome-specific offer” is an offer to pay money or give money’s worth which—
- (a) is conditional on—
- (i) the issuing by the CAC of a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect, or
- (ii) the refusal by the CAC of an application under paragraph 106, 107 or 112, and
- (b) is not conditional on anything which is done or occurs as a result of that declaration or, as the case may be, of that refusal.
- (4) The duty imposed by this paragraph does not confer any rights on a worker; but that does not affect any other right which a worker may have.
- (5) Each of the following powers shall be taken to include power to issue Codes of Practice about unfair practices for the purposes of this paragraph—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
##### 119B
- (1) A party may complain to the CAC that another party has failed to comply with paragraph 119A.
- (2) A complaint under sub-paragraph (1) must be made on or before the first working day after—
- (a) the date of the ballot, or
- (b) if votes may be cast in the ballot on more than one day, the last of those days.
- (3) Within the decision period the CAC must decide whether the complaint is well-founded.
- (4) A complaint is well-founded if—
- (a) the CAC finds that the party complained against used an unfair practice, and
- (b) the CAC is satisfied that the use of that practice changed or was likely to change, in the case of a worker entitled to vote in the ballot—
- (i) his intention to vote or to abstain from voting,
- (ii) his intention to vote in a particular way, or
- (iii) how he voted.
- (5) The decision period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the complaint under sub-paragraph (1) was received by the CAC, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by a notice containing reasons for the extension.
- (6) If, at the beginning of the decision period, the ballot has not begun, the CAC may by notice to the parties and the qualified independent person postpone the date on which it is to begin until a date which falls after the end of the decision period.
##### 119C
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC decides that a complaint under paragraph 119B is well-founded.
- (2) The CAC must, as soon as is reasonably practicable, issue a declaration to that effect.
- (3) The CAC may do either or both of the following—
- (a) order the party concerned to take any action specified in the order within such period as may be so specified, or
- (b) make arrangements for the holding of a secret ballot in which the workers constituting the bargaining unit are asked whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (4) The CAC may give an order or make arrangements under sub-paragraph (3) either at the same time as it issues the declaration under sub-paragraph (2) or at any other time before it acts under paragraph 121.
- (5) The action specified in an order under sub-paragraph (3)(a) shall be such as the CAC considers reasonable in order to mitigate the effect of the failure of the party complained against to comply with the duty imposed by paragraph 119A.
- (6) The CAC may give more than one order under sub-paragraph (3)(a).
##### 119D
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 119C(2) and the declaration states that the unfair practice used consisted of or included—
- (a) the use of violence, or
- (b) the dismissal of a union official.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if the CAC has made an order under paragraph 119C(3)(a) and—
- (a) it is satisfied that the party subject to the order has failed to comply with it, or
- (b) it makes another declaration under paragraph 119C(2) in relation to a complaint against that party.
- (3) If the party concerned is the employer, the CAC may refuse the employer’s application under paragraph 106 or 107.
- (4) If the party concerned is a union, the CAC may issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (5) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (4) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (6) The powers conferred by this paragraph are in addition to those conferred by paragraph 119C(3).
##### 119E
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC issues a declaration that a complaint under paragraph 119B is well-founded and—
- (a) makes arrangements under paragraph 119C(3)(b),
- (b) refuses under paragraph 119D(3) or 119H(6) an application under paragraph 106, 107 or 112, or
- (c) issues a declaration under paragraph 119D(4) or 119H(5).
- (2) If the ballot in connection with which the complaint was made has not been held, the CAC shall take steps to cancel it.
- (3) If that ballot is held, it shall have no effect.
##### 119F
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC makes arrangements under paragraph 119C(3)(b).
- (2) Paragraphs 117(4) to (11) and 118 to 121 apply in relation to those arrangements as they apply in relation to arrangements made under paragraph 117(3) but with the modifications specified in sub-paragraphs (3) to (5).
- (3) An employer’s duty under paragraph (a) of paragraph 118(4) is limited to—
- (a) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of any workers in the bargaining unit which have not previously been given to it in accordance with that duty;
- (b) giving the CAC the names and home addresses of those workers who have joined the bargaining unit since he last gave the CAC information in accordance with that duty;
- (c) informing the CAC of any change to the name or home address of a worker whose name and home address have previously been given to the CAC in accordance with that duty; and
- (d) informing the CAC of any worker whose name had previously been given to it in accordance with that duty who has ceased to be within the bargaining unit.
- (4) Any order given under paragraph 119(1) or 119C(3)(a) for the purposes of the cancelled or ineffectual ballot shall have effect (to the extent that the CAC specifies in a notice to the parties) as if it were made for the purposes of the ballot for which arrangements are made under paragraph 119C(3)(b).
- (5) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne by such of the parties and in such proportions as the CAC may determine and, accordingly, sub-paragraphs (2) and (3) of paragraph 120 shall be omitted and the reference in sub-paragraph (4) of that paragraph to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) shall be construed as a reference to the party or parties which bear the costs in accordance with the CAC’s determination.
##### 119G
- (1) Paragraphs 119A to 119C, 119E and 119F apply in relation to an application under paragraph 112 as they apply in relation to an application under paragraph 106 or 107 but with the modifications specified in this paragraph.
- (2) References in those paragraphs (and, accordingly, in paragraph 119H(3)) to a party shall be read as including references to the applicant worker or workers; but this is subject to sub-paragraph (3).
- (3) The reference in paragraph 119A(1) to a party informed under paragraph 117(11) shall be read as including a reference to the applicant worker or workers.
##### 119H
- (1) This paragraph applies in relation to an application under paragraph 112 in the cases specified in sub-paragraphs (2) and (3).
- (2) The first case is where the CAC issues a declaration under paragraph 119C(2) and the declaration states that the unfair practice used consisted of or included—
- (a) the use of violence, or
- (b) the dismissal of a union official.
- (3) The second case is where the CAC has made an order under paragraph 119C(3)(a) and—
- (a) it is satisfied that the party subject to the order has failed to comply with it, or
- (b) it makes another declaration under paragraph 119C(2) in relation to a complaint against that party.
- (4) If the party concerned is the employer, the CAC may order him to refrain from further campaigning in relation to the ballot.
- (5) If the party concerned is a union, the CAC may issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (6) If the party concerned is the applicant worker (or any of the applicant workers), the CAC may refuse the application under paragraph 112.
- (7) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (5) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (8) The powers conferred by this paragraph are in addition to those conferred by paragraph 119C(3).
##### 119I
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) a ballot has been arranged in consequence of an application under paragraph 112,
- (b) the CAC has given the employer an order under paragraph 119(1), 119C(3) or 119H(4), and
- (c) the ballot for the purposes of which the order was made (or any other ballot for the purposes of which it has effect) has not been held.
- (2) The applicant worker (or each of the applicant workers) and the union (or each of the unions) is entitled to enforce obedience to the order.
- (3) The order may be enforced—
- (a) in England and Wales, in the same way as an order of the county court;
- (b) in Scotland, in the same way as an order of the sheriff.
##### 120
- (1) This paragraph applies if the holding of a ballot has been arranged under paragraph 117(3), whether or not it has been cancelled.
- (2) The gross costs of the ballot shall be borne—
- (a) as to half, by the employer, and
- (b) as to half, by the union (or unions).
- (3) If there is more than one union they shall bear their half of the gross costs—
- (a) in such proportions as they jointly indicate to the person appointed to conduct the ballot, or
- (b) in the absence of such an indication, in equal shares.
- (4) The person appointed to conduct the ballot may send to the employer and the union (or each of the unions) a demand stating—
- (a) the gross costs of the ballot, and
- (b) the amount of the gross costs to be borne by the recipient.
- (5) In such a case the recipient must pay the amount stated to the person sending the demand, and must do so within the period of 15 working days starting with the day after that on which the demand is received.
- (6) In England and Wales, if the amount stated is not paid in accordance with sub-paragraph (5) it shall, if a county court so orders, be recoverable by execution issued from that court or otherwise as if it were payable under an order of that court.
- (7) References to the costs of the ballot are to—
- (a) the costs wholly, exclusively and necessarily incurred in connection with the ballot by the person appointed to conduct it,
- (b) such reasonable amount as the person appointed to conduct the ballot charges for his services, and
- (c) such other costs as the employer and the union (or unions) agree.
##### 121
- (1) As soon as is reasonably practicable after the CAC is informed of the result of a ballot by the person conducting it, the CAC must act under this paragraph.
- (2) The CAC must inform the employer and the union (or unions) of the result of the ballot.
- (3) If the result is that the proposition that the bargaining arrangements should be ended is supported by—
- (a) a majority of the workers voting, and
- (b) at least 40 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit,
the CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (4) If the result is otherwise the CAC must refuse the application under paragraph 106, 107 or 112.
- (5) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (3) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (6) The Secretary of State may by order amend sub-paragraph (3) so as to specify a different degree of support; and different provision may be made for different circumstances.
- (7) An order under sub-paragraph (6) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (8) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
## Part V — Derecognition where recognition automatic
### Introduction
##### 122
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if—
- (a) the CAC has issued a declaration under paragraph 22(2) that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, and
- (b) the parties have agreed under paragraph 30 or 31 a method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the declaration, and
- (b) the parties’ agreement.
##### 123
- (1) This Part of this Schedule also applies if—
- (a) the CAC has issued a declaration under paragraph 22(2) that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit, and
- (b) the CAC has specified to the parties under paragraph 31(3) the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the declaration, and
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract by virtue of paragraph 31.
##### 124
- (1) This Part of this Schedule also applies if the CAC has issued a declaration under paragraph 87(2) that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to —
- (a) the declaration, and
- (b) paragraph 87(6)(b).
##### 125
For the purposes of this Part of this Schedule the relevant date is the date of the expiry of the period of 3 years starting with the date of the CAC’s declaration.
##### 126
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Employer’s request to end arrangements
##### 127
- (1) The employer may after the relevant date request the union (or each of the unions) to agree to end the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The request is not valid unless it—
- (a) is in writing,
- (b) is received by the union (or each of the unions),
- (c) identifies the bargaining arrangements,
- (d) states that it is made under this Schedule, and
- (e) states that fewer than half of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
##### 128
- (1) If before the end of the negotiation period the parties agree to end the bargaining arrangements no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (2) If no such agreement is made before the end of the negotiation period, the employer may apply to the CAC for the holding of a secret ballot to decide whether the bargaining arrangements should be ended.
- (3) The negotiation period is the period of 10 working days starting with the day after—
- (a) the day on which the union receives the request, or
- (b) the last day on which any of the unions receives the request;
or such longer period (so starting) as the parties may from time to time agree.
##### 129
- (1) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (2) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible unless the employer gives to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 130
- (1) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible if—
- (a) a relevant application was made within the period of 3 years prior to the date of the application under paragraph 128,
- (b) the relevant application and the application under paragraph 128 relate to the same bargaining unit, and
- (c) the CAC accepted the relevant application.
- (2) A relevant application is an application made to the CAC—
- (a) by the union (or the unions) under paragraph 101,
- (b) by the employer under paragraph 106, 107 or 128, or
- (c) by a worker (or workers) under paragraph 112.
##### 131
- (1) An application under paragraph 128 is not admissible unless the CAC is satisfied that fewer than half of the workers constituting the bargaining unit are members of the union (or unions).
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 132
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the parties of receipt of an application under paragraph 128.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether—
- (a) the request is valid within the terms of paragraph 127, and
- (b) the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 129 to 131.
- (3) In deciding those questions the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the parties.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the request is not valid or the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the parties,
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the request is valid and the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the parties.
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the parties by notice containing reasons for the extension.
### Ballot on derecognition
##### 133
- (1) Paragraph 117 applies if the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 128 (as well as in the cases mentioned in paragraph 117(1) and (2)).
- (2) Paragraphs 118 to 121 apply accordingly, but as if—
- (a) the reference in paragraph 119(2)(a) to paragraph 106 or 107 were to paragraph 106, 107 or 128;
- (b) the reference in paragraph 121(4) to paragraph 106, 107 or 112 were to paragraph 106, 107, 112 or 128.
## Part VI — Derecognition where union not independent
### Introduction
##### 134
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if—
- (a) an employer and a union (or unions) have agreed that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group or groups of workers, and
- (b) the union does not have (or none of the unions has) a certificate under section 6 that it is independent.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the parties’ agreement mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(a), and
- (b) any agreement between the parties as to the method by which they will conduct collective bargaining.
##### 135
In this Part of this Schedule—
- (a) references to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions);
- (b) references to the bargaining unit are to the group of workers referred to in paragraph 134(1)(a) (or the groups taken together).
##### 136
The meaning of collective bargaining given by section 178(1) shall not apply in relation to this Part of this Schedule.
### Workers’ application to end arrangements
##### 137
- (1) A worker or workers falling within the bargaining unit may apply to the CAC to have the bargaining arrangements ended.
- (2) An application is not admissible unless—
- (a) it is made in such form as the CAC specifies, and
- (b) it is supported by such documents as the CAC specifies.
- (3) An application is not admissible unless the worker gives (or workers give) to the employer and to the union (or each of the unions)—
- (a) notice of the application, and
- (b) a copy of the application and any documents supporting it.
##### 138
An application under paragraph 137 is not admissible if the CAC is satisfied that any of the unions has a certificate under section 6 that it is independent.
##### 139
- (1) An application under paragraph 137 is not admissible unless the CAC decides that—
- (a) at least 10 per cent of the workers constituting the bargaining unit favour an end of the bargaining arrangements, and
- (b) a majority of the workers constituting the bargaining unit would be likely to favour an end of the bargaining arrangements.
- (2) The CAC must give reasons for the decision.
##### 140
An application under paragraph 137 is not admissible if the CAC is satisfied that—
- (a) the union (or any of the unions) has made an application to the Certification Officer under section 6 for a certificate that it is independent, and
- (b) the Certification Officer has not come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications).
##### 141
- (1) The CAC must give notice to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) of receipt of an application under paragraph 137.
- (2) Within the acceptance period the CAC must decide whether the application is admissible within the terms of paragraphs 137 to 140.
- (3) In deciding whether the application is admissible the CAC must consider any evidence which it has been given by the employer, the union (or unions) or any of the workers falling within the bargaining unit.
- (4) If the CAC decides that the application is not admissible—
- (a) the CAC must give notice of its decision to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions),
- (b) the CAC must not accept the application, and
- (c) no further steps are to be taken under this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If the CAC decides that the application is admissible it must—
- (a) accept the application, and
- (b) give notice of the acceptance to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
- (6) The acceptance period is—
- (a) the period of 10 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC receives the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may specify to the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) by notice containing reasons for the extension.
##### 142
- (1) If the CAC accepts the application, in the negotiation period the CAC must help the employer, the union (or unions) and the worker (or workers) with a view to—
- (a) the employer and the union (or unions) agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements, or
- (b) the worker (or workers) withdrawing the application.
- (2) The negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice of acceptance of the application, or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
##### 143
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 137,
- (b) during the period mentioned in paragraph 142(1) or 145(3) the CAC is satisfied that the union (or each of the unions) has made an application to the Certification Officer under section 6 for a certificate that it is independent, that the application (or each of the applications) to the Certification Officer was made before the application under paragraph 137 and that the Certification Officer has not come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications), and
- (c) at the time the CAC is so satisfied there has been no agreement or withdrawal as described in paragraph 142(1) or 145(3).
- (2) In such a case paragraph 142(1) or 145(3) shall cease to apply from the time when the CAC is satisfied as mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(b).
##### 144
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC is subsequently satisfied that—
- (a) the Certification Officer has come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications) mentioned in paragraph 143(1)(b), and
- (b) his decision is that the union (or any of the unions) which made an application under section 6 is independent.
- (2) In such a case—
- (a) the CAC must give the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) notice that it is so satisfied, and
- (b) the application under paragraph 137 shall be treated as not having been made.
##### 145
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC is subsequently satisfied that—
- (a) the Certification Officer has come to a decision on the application (or each of the applications) mentioned in paragraph 143(1)(b), and
- (b) his decision is that the union (or each of the unions) which made an application under section 6 is not independent.
- (2) The CAC must give the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) notice that it is so satisfied.
- (3) In the new negotiation period the CAC must help the employer, the union (or unions) and the worker (or workers) with a view to—
- (a) the employer and the union (or unions) agreeing to end the bargaining arrangements, or
- (b) the worker (or workers) withdrawing the application.
- (4) The new negotiation period is—
- (a) the period of 20 working days starting with the day after that on which the CAC gives notice under sub-paragraph (2), or
- (b) such longer period (so starting) as the CAC may decide with the consent of the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions).
##### 146
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 137,
- (b) paragraph 143 does not apply, and
- (c) during the relevant period the CAC is satisfied that a certificate of independence has been issued to the union (or any of the unions) under section 6.
- (2) In such a case the relevant period is the period starting with the first day of the negotiation period (as defined in paragraph 142(2)) and ending with the first of the following to occur—
- (a) any agreement by the employer and the union (or unions) to end the bargaining arrangements;
- (b) any withdrawal of the application by the worker (or workers);
- (c) the CAC being informed of the result of a relevant ballot by the person conducting it;
and a relevant ballot is a ballot held by virtue of this Part of this Schedule.
- (3) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) the CAC gives notice under paragraph 145(2), and
- (b) during the relevant period the CAC is satisfied that a certificate of independence has been issued to the union (or any of the unions) under section 6.
- (4) In such a case, the relevant period is the period starting with the first day of the new negotiation period (as defined in paragraph 145(4)) and ending with the first of the following to occur—
- (a) any agreement by the employer and the union (or unions) to end the bargaining arrangements;
- (b) any withdrawal of the application by the worker (or workers);
- (c) the CAC being informed of the result of a relevant ballot by the person conducting it;
and a relevant ballot is a ballot held by virtue of this Part of this Schedule.
- (5) If this paragraph applies—
- (a) the CAC must give the worker (or workers), the employer and the union (or unions) notice that it is satisfied as mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(c) or (3)(b), and
- (b) the application under paragraph 137 shall be treated as not having been made.
### Ballot on derecognition
##### 147
- (1) Paragraph 117 applies if—
- (a) the CAC accepts an application under paragraph 137, and
- (b) in the period mentioned in paragraph 142(1) or 145(3) there is no agreement or withdrawal as there described,
(as well as in the cases mentioned in paragraph 117(1) and (2)).
- (2) Paragraphs 118 to 121 apply accordingly, but as if—
- (a) the reference in paragraph 119(3)(a) to paragraph 112 were to paragraph 112 or 137;
- (b) the reference in paragraph 121(4) to paragraph 106, 107 or 112 were to paragraph 106, 107, 112 or 137.
- (c) the reference in paragraph 119(4) to the CAC refusing an application under paragraph 119(2) included a reference to it being required to give notice under paragraph 146(5).
### Derecognition: other cases
##### 148
- (1) This paragraph applies if as a result of a declaration by the CAC another union is (or other unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a group of workers at least one of whom falls within the bargaining unit.
- (2) The CAC must issue a declaration that the bargaining arrangements are to cease to have effect on a date specified by the CAC in the declaration.
- (3) If a declaration is issued under sub-paragraph (2) the bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect accordingly.
- (4) It is for the CAC to decide whether sub-paragraph (1) is fulfilled, but in deciding the CAC may take account of the views of any person it believes has an interest in the matter.
## Part VII — Loss of independence
### Introduction
##### 149
- (1) This Part of this Schedule applies if the CAC has issued a declaration that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to the declaration and to the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method.
- (3) For this purpose the provisions relating to the collective bargaining method are—
- (a) the parties’ agreement as to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted,
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract and relating to the method by which collective bargaining is to be conducted, or
- (c) any provision of Part III of this Schedule that a method of collective bargaining is to have effect.
##### 150
- (1) This Part of this Schedule also applies if—
- (a) the parties have agreed that a union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of a bargaining unit,
- (b) the CAC has specified to the parties under paragraph 63(2) the method by which they are to conduct collective bargaining, and
- (c) the parties have not agreed in writing to replace the method or that paragraph 63(3) shall not apply.
- (2) In such a case references in this Part of this Schedule to the bargaining arrangements are to—
- (a) the parties’ agreement mentioned in sub-paragraph (1)(a), and
- (b) anything effective as, or as if contained in, a legally enforceable contract by virtue of paragraph 63.
##### 151
References in this Part of this Schedule to the parties are to the employer and the union (or unions) concerned.
### Loss of certificate
##### 152
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) only one union is a party, and
- (b) under section 7 the Certification Officer withdraws the union’s certificate of independence.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) more than one union is a party, and
- (b) under section 7 the Certification Officer withdraws the certificate of independence of each union (whether different certificates are withdrawn on the same or on different days).
- (3) Sub-paragraph (4) shall apply on the day after—
- (a) the day on which the Certification Officer informs the union (or unions) of the withdrawal (or withdrawals), or
- (b) if there is more than one union, and he informs them on different days, the last of those days.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements shall cease to have effect; and the parties shall be taken to agree that the union is (or unions are) recognised as entitled to conduct collective bargaining on behalf of the bargaining unit concerned.
### Certificate re-issued
##### 153
- (1) This paragraph applies if—
- (a) only one union is a party,
- (b) paragraph 152 applies, and
- (c) as a result of an appeal under section 9 against the decision to withdraw the certificate, the Certification Officer issues a certificate that the union is independent.
- (2) This paragraph also applies if—
- (a) more than one union is a party,
- (b) paragraph 152 applies, and
- (c) as a result of an appeal under section 9 against a decision to withdraw a certificate, the Certification Officer issues a certificate that any of the unions concerned is independent.
- (3) Sub-paragraph (4) shall apply, beginning with the day after—
- (a) the day on which the Certification Officer issues the certificate, or
- (b) if there is more than one union, the day on which he issues the first or only certificate.
- (4) The bargaining arrangements shall have effect again; and paragraph 152 shall cease to apply.
### Miscellaneous
##### 154
Parts III to VI of this Schedule shall not apply in the case of the parties at any time when, by virtue of this Part of this Schedule, the bargaining arrangements do not have effect.
##### 155
If—
- (a) by virtue of paragraph 153 the bargaining arrangements have effect again beginning with a particular day, and
- (b) in consequence section 70B applies in relation to the bargaining unit concerned,
for the purposes of section 70B(3) that day shall be taken to be the day on which section 70B first applies in relation to the unit.
## Part VIII — Detriment
### Detriment
##### 156
- (1) A worker has a right not to be subjected to any detriment by any act, or any deliberate failure to act, by his employer if the act or failure takes place on any of the grounds set out in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The grounds are that—
- (a) the worker acted with a view to obtaining or preventing recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (b) the worker indicated that he supported or did not support recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (c) the worker acted with a view to securing or preventing the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements;
- (d) the worker indicated that he supported or did not support the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements;
- (e) the worker influenced or sought to influence the way in which votes were to be cast by other workers in a ballot arranged under this Schedule;
- (f) the worker influenced or sought to influence other workers to vote or to abstain from voting in such a ballot;
- (g) the worker voted in such a ballot;
- (h) the worker proposed to do, failed to do, or proposed to decline to do, any of the things referred to in paragraphs (a) to (g).
- (3) A ground does not fall within sub-paragraph (2) if it constitutes an unreasonable act or omission by the worker.
- (4) This paragraph does not apply if the worker is an employee and the detriment amounts to dismissal within the meaning of the Employment Rights Act 1996.
- (5) A worker may present a complaint to an employment tribunal on the ground that he has been subjected to a detriment in contravention of this paragraph.
- (6) Apart from the remedy by way of complaint as mentioned in sub-paragraph (5), a worker has no remedy for infringement of the right conferred on him by this paragraph.
##### 157
- (1) An employment tribunal shall not consider a complaint under paragraph 156 unless it is presented—
- (a) before the end of the period of 3 months starting with the date of the act or failure to which the complaint relates or, if that act or failure is part of a series of similar acts or failures (or both), the last of them, or
- (b) where the tribunal is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented before the end of that period, within such further period as it considers reasonable.
- (2) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (1)—
- (a) where an act extends over a period, the reference to the date of the act is a reference to the last day of that period;
- (b) a failure to act shall be treated as done when it was decided on.
- (3) For the purposes of sub-paragraph (2), in the absence of evidence establishing the contrary an employer must be taken to decide on a failure to act—
- (a) when he does an act inconsistent with doing the failed act, or
- (b) if he has done no such inconsistent act, when the period expires within which he might reasonably have been expected to do the failed act if it was to be done.
##### 158
On a complaint under paragraph 156 it shall be for the employer to show the ground on which he acted or failed to act.
##### 159
- (1) If the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under paragraph 156 is well-founded it shall make a declaration to that effect and may make an award of compensation to be paid by the employer to the complainant in respect of the act or failure complained of.
- (2) The amount of the compensation awarded shall be such as the tribunal considers just and equitable in all the circumstances having regard to the infringement complained of and to any loss sustained by the complainant which is attributable to the act or failure which infringed his right.
- (3) The loss shall be taken to include—
- (a) any expenses reasonably incurred by the complainant in consequence of the act or failure complained of, and
- (b) loss of any benefit which he might reasonably be expected to have had but for that act or failure.
- (4) In ascertaining the loss, the tribunal shall apply the same rule concerning the duty of a person to mitigate his loss as applies to damages recoverable under the common law of England and Wales or Scotland.
- (5) If the tribunal finds that the act or failure complained of was to any extent caused or contributed to by action of the complainant, it shall reduce the amount of the compensation by such proportion as it considers just and equitable having regard to that finding.
##### 160
- (1) If the employment tribunal finds that a complaint under paragraph 156 is well-founded and—
- (a) the detriment of which the worker has complained is the termination of his worker’s contract, but
- (b) that contract was not a contract of employment,
any compensation awarded under paragraph 159 must not exceed the limit specified in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The limit is the total of—
- (a) the sum which would be the basic award for unfair dismissal, calculated in accordance with section 119 of the Employment Rights Act 1996, if the worker had been an employee and the contract terminated had been a contract of employment, and
- (b) the sum for the time being specified in section 124(1) of that Act which is the limit for a compensatory award to a person calculated in accordance with section 123 of that Act.
### Dismissal
##### 161
- (1) For the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) the dismissal of an employee shall be regarded as unfair if the dismissal was made—
- (a) for a reason set out in sub-paragraph (2), or
- (b) for reasons the main one of which is one of those set out in sub-paragraph (2).
- (2) The reasons are that—
- (a) the employee acted with a view to obtaining or preventing recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (b) the employee indicated that he supported or did not support recognition of a union (or unions) by the employer under this Schedule;
- (c) the employee acted with a view to securing or preventing the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements;
- (d) the employee indicated that he supported or did not support the ending under this Schedule of bargaining arrangements ;
- (e) the employee influenced or sought to influence the way in which votes were to be cast by other workers in a ballot arranged under this Schedule;
- (f) the employee influenced or sought to influence other workers to vote or to abstain from voting in such a ballot;
- (g) the employee voted in such a ballot;
- (h) the employee proposed to do, failed to do, or proposed to decline to do, any of the things referred to in paragraphs (a) to (g).
- (3) A reason does not fall within sub-paragraph (2) if it constitutes an unreasonable act or omission by the employee.
### Selection for redundancy
##### 162
For the purposes of Part X of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (unfair dismissal) the dismissal of an employee shall be regarded as unfair if the reason or principal reason for the dismissal was that he was redundant but it is shown—
- (a) that the circumstances constituting the redundancy applied equally to one or more other employees in the same undertaking who held positions similar to that held by him and who have not been dismissed by the employer, and
- (b) that the reason (or, if more than one, the principal reason) why he was selected for dismissal was one falling within paragraph 161(2).
### Employees with fixed-term contracts
##### 163
Section 197(1) of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (fixed-term contracts) does not prevent Part X of that Act from applying to a dismissal which is regarded as unfair by virtue of paragraph 161 or 162.
### Exclusion of requirement as to qualifying period
##### 164
Sections 108 and 109 of the Employment Rights Act 1996 (qualifying period and upper age limit for unfair dismissal protection) do not apply to a dismissal which by virtue of paragraph 161 or 162 is regarded as unfair for the purposes of Part X of that Act.
### Meaning of worker’s contract
##### 165
References in this Part of this Schedule to a worker’s contract are to the contract mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) of section 296(1) or the arrangements for the employment mentioned in paragraph (c) of section 296(1).
## Part IX — General
### Rights of appeal against demands for costs
##### 165A
- (1) This paragraph applies where a demand has been made under paragraph 19E(3), 28(4) or 120(4).
- (2) The recipient of the demand may appeal against the demand within 4 weeks starting with the day after receipt of the demand.
- (3) An appeal under this paragraph lies to an employment tribunal.
- (4) On an appeal under this paragraph against a demand under paragraph 19E(3), the tribunal shall dismiss the appeal unless it is shown that—
- (a) the amount specified in the demand as the costs of the appointed person is too great, or
- (b) the amount specified in the demand as the amount of those costs to be borne by the recipient is too great.
- (5) On an appeal under this paragraph against a demand under paragraph 28(4) or paragraph 120(4), the tribunal shall dismiss the appeal unless it is shown that—
- (a) the amount specified in the demand as the gross costs of the ballot is too great, or
- (b) the amount specified in the demand as the amount of the gross costs to be borne by the recipient is too great.
- (6) If an appeal is allowed, the tribunal shall rectify the demand and the demand shall have effect as if it had originally been made as so rectified.
- (7) If a person has appealed under this paragraph against a demand and the appeal has not been withdrawn or finally determined, the demand—
- (a) is not enforceable until the appeal has been withdrawn or finally determined, but
- (b) as from the withdrawal or final determination of the appeal shall be enforceable as if paragraph (a) had not had effect.
### Power to amend
##### 166
- (1) This paragraph applies if the CAC represents to the Secretary of State that a provision of this Schedule has an unsatisfactory effect and should be amended.
- (2) The Secretary of State, with a view to rectifying the effect—
- (a) may amend the provision by exercising (if applicable) any of the powers conferred on him by paragraphs 7(6), 29(5), 121(6), 166A, 166B, 169A, 169B and 171A, or
- (b) may amend the provision by order in such other way as he thinks fit.
- (2A) The Secretary of State need not proceed in a way proposed by the CAC (if it proposes one).
- (2B) Nothing in this paragraph prevents the Secretary of State from exercising any of the powers mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(a) in the absence of a representation from the CAC.
- (3) An order under sub-paragraph (2)(b) shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (4) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 166A
- (1) This paragraph applies in relation to any provision of paragraph 19D(2), 26(4) or 118(4) which requires the employer to give to the CAC a worker’s home address.
- (2) The Secretary of State may by order provide that the employer must give to the CAC (in addition to the worker’s home address) an address of a specified kind for the worker.
- (3) In this paragraph “*address*” includes any address or number to which information may be sent by any means.
- (4) An order under this paragraph may—
- (a) amend this Schedule;
- (b) include supplementary or incidental provision (including, in particular, provision amending paragraph 19E(1)(a), 26(6)(a) or 118(6)(a));
- (c) make different provision for different cases or circumstances.
- (5) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (6) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
##### 166B
- (1) The Secretary of State may by order provide that, during any period beginning and ending with the occurrence of specified events, employers and unions to which the order applies are prohibited from using such practices as are specified as unfair practices in relation to an application under this Schedule of a specified description.
- (2) An order under this paragraph may make provision about the consequences of a contravention of any prohibition imposed by the order (including provision modifying the effect of any provision of this Schedule in the event of such a contravention).
- (3) An order under this paragraph may confer functions on the CAC.
- (4) An order under this paragraph may contain provision extending for the purposes of the order either or both of the following powers to issue Codes of Practice—
- (a) the power of ACAS under section 199(1);
- (b) the power of the Secretary of State under section 203(1)(a).
- (5) An order under this paragraph may—
- (a) include supplementary or incidental provisions (including provision amending this Schedule), and
- (b) make different provision for different cases or circumstances.
- (6) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (7) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
- (8) In this paragraph “*specified*” means specified in an order under this paragraph.
### Guidance
##### 167
- (1) The Secretary of State may issue guidance to the CAC on the way in which it is to exercise its functions under paragraph 22 or 87.
- (2) The CAC must take into account any such guidance in exercising those functions.
- (3) However, no guidance is to apply with regard to an application made to the CAC before the guidance in question was issued.
- (4) The Secretary of State must—
- (a) lay before each House of Parliament any guidance issued under this paragraph, and
- (b) arrange for any such guidance to be published by such means as appear to him to be most appropriate for drawing it to the attention of persons likely to be affected by it.
### Method of conducting collective bargaining
##### 168
- (1) After consulting ACAS the Secretary of State may by order specify for the purposes of paragraphs 31(3) and 63(2) a method by which collective bargaining might be conducted.
- (2) If such an order is made the CAC—
- (a) must take it into account under paragraphs 31(3) and 63(2), but
- (b) may depart from the method specified by the order to such extent as the CAC thinks it is appropriate to do so in the circumstances.
- (3) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament.
### Directions about certain applications
##### 169
- (1) The Secretary of State may make to the CAC directions as described in sub-paragraph (2) in relation to any case where—
- (a) two or more applications are made to the CAC,
- (b) each application is a relevant application,
- (c) each application relates to the same bargaining unit, and
- (d) the CAC has not accepted any of the applications.
- (2) The directions are directions as to the order in which the CAC must consider the admissibility of the applications.
- (3) The directions may include—
- (a) provision to deal with a case where a relevant application is made while the CAC is still considering the admissibility of another one relating to the same bargaining unit;
- (b) other incidental provisions.
- (4) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 101, 106, 107, 112 or 128.
### Effect of union amalgamations and transfers of engagements
##### 169A
- (1) The Secretary of State may by order make provision for any case where—
- (a) an application has been made, a declaration has been issued, or any other thing has been done under or for the purposes of this Schedule by, to or in relation to a union, or
- (b) anything has been done in consequence of anything so done,
and the union amalgamates or transfers all or any of its engagements.
- (2) An order under this paragraph may, in particular, make provision for cases where an amalgamated union, or union to which engagements are transferred, does not have a certificate of independence.
### Effect of change of identity of employer
##### 169B
- (1) The Secretary of State may by order make provision for any case where—
- (a) an application has been made, a declaration has been issued, or any other thing has been done under or for the purposes of this Schedule in relation to a group of workers, or
- (b) anything has been done in consequence of anything so done,
and the person who was the employer of the workers constituting that group at the time the thing was done is no longer the employer of all of the workers constituting that group (whether as a result of a transfer of the whole or part of an undertaking or business or otherwise).
- (2) In this paragraph “*group*” includes two or more groups taken together.
### Orders under paragraphs 169A and 169B: supplementary
##### 169C
- (1) An order under paragraph 169A or 169B may—
- (a) amend this Schedule;
- (b) include supplementary, incidental, saving or transitional provisions;
- (c) make different provision for different cases or circumstances.
- (2) An order under paragraph 169A or 169B shall be made by statutory instrument.
- (3) No such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
### Directions about certain applications
##### 169
- (1) The Secretary of State may make to the CAC directions as described in sub-paragraph (2) in relation to any case where—
- (a) two or more applications are made to the CAC,
- (b) each application is a relevant application,
- (c) each application relates to the same bargaining unit, and
- (d) the CAC has not accepted any of the applications.
- (2) The directions are directions as to the order in which the CAC must consider the admissibility of the applications.
- (3) The directions may include—
- (a) provision to deal with a case where a relevant application is made while the CAC is still considering the admissibility of another one relating to the same bargaining unit;
- (b) other incidental provisions.
- (4) A relevant application is an application under paragraph 101, 106, 107, 112 or 128.
### Notice of declarations
##### 170
- (1) If the CAC issues a declaration under this Schedule it must notify the parties of the declaration and its contents.
- (2) The reference here to the parties is to—
- (a) the union (or unions) concerned and the employer concerned, and
- (b) if the declaration is issued in consequence of an application by a worker or workers, the worker or workers making it.
### Supply of information to CAC
##### 170A
- (1) The CAC may, if it considers it necessary to do so to enable or assist it to exercise any of its functions under this Schedule, exercise any or all of the powers conferred in sub-paragraphs (2) to (4).
- (2) The CAC may require an employer to supply the CAC case manager, within such period as the CAC may specify, with specified information concerning either or both of the following—
- (a) the workers in a specified bargaining unit who work for the employer;
- (b) the likelihood of a majority of those workers being in favour of the conduct by a specified union (or specified unions) of collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (3) The CAC may require a union to supply the CAC case manager, within such period as the CAC may specify, with specified information concerning either or both of the following—
- (a) the workers in a specified bargaining unit who are members of the union;
- (b) the likelihood of a majority of the workers in a specified bargaining unit being in favour of the conduct by the union (or by it and other specified unions) of collective bargaining on their behalf.
- (4) The CAC may require an applicant worker to supply the CAC case manager, within such period as the CAC may specify, with specified information concerning the likelihood of a majority of the workers in his bargaining unit being in favour of having bargaining arrangements ended.
- (5) The recipient of a requirement under this paragraph must, within the specified period, supply the CAC case manager with such of the specified information as is in the recipient’s possession.
- (6) From the information supplied to him under this paragraph, the CAC case manager must prepare a report and submit it to the CAC.
- (7) If an employer, a union or a worker fails to comply with sub-paragraph (5), the report under sub-paragraph (6) must mention that failure; and the CAC may draw an inference against the party concerned.
- (8) The CAC must give a copy of the report under sub-paragraph (6) to the employer, to the union (or unions) and, in the case of an application under paragraph 112 or 137, to the applicant worker (or applicant workers).
- (9) In this paragraph—
- “*applicant worker*” means a worker who—falls within a bargaining unit (“his bargaining unit”) andhas made an application under paragraph 112 or 137 to have bargaining arrangements ended;
- “*the CAC case manager*” means the member of the staff provided to the CAC by ACAS who is named in the requirement (but the CAC may, by notice given to the recipient of a requirement under this paragraph, change the member of that staff who is to be the CAC case manager for the purposes of that requirement);
- “*collective bargaining*” is to be construed in accordance with paragraph 3; and
- “*specified*” means specified in a requirement under this paragraph.
### CAC’s general duty
##### 171
In exercising functions under this Schedule in any particular case the CAC must have regard to the object of encouraging and promoting fair and efficient practices and arrangements in the workplace, so far as having regard to that object is consistent with applying other provisions of this Schedule in the case concerned.
### “Pay” and other matters subject to collective bargaining
##### 171A
- (1) In this Schedule “*pay*” does not include terms relating to a person’s membership of or rights under, or his employer’s contributions to—
- (a) an occupational pension scheme (as defined by section 1 of the Pension Schemes Act 1993), or
- (b) a personal pension scheme (as so defined).
- (2) The Secretary of State may by order amend sub-paragraph (1).
- (3) The Secretary of State may by order—
- (a) amend paragraph 3(3), 54(4) or 94(6)(b) by adding specified matters relating to pensions to the matters there specified to which negotiations may relate;
- (b) amend paragraph 35(2)(b) or 44(2)(b) by adding specified matters relating to pensions to the core topics there specified.
- (4) An order under this paragraph may—
- (a) include supplementary, incidental, saving or transitional provisions including provision amending this Schedule, and
- (b) make different provision for different cases.
- (5) An order under this paragraph may make provision deeming—
- (a) the matters to which any pre-commencement declaration of recognition relates, and
- (b) the matters to which any pre-commencement method of collective bargaining relates,
to include matters to which a post-commencement declaration of recognition or method of collective bargaining could relate.
- (6) In sub-paragraph (5)—
- “*pre-commencement declaration of recognition*” means a declaration of recognition issued by the CAC before the coming into force of the order,
- “*pre-commencement method of collective bargaining*” means a method of collective bargaining specified by the CAC before the coming into force of the order,
- and references to a post-commencement declaration of recognition or method of collective bargaining shall be construed accordingly.
- (7) An order under this paragraph shall be made by statutory instrument; and no such order shall be made unless a draft of it has been laid before Parliament and approved by a resolution of each House of Parliament.
### General interpretation
##### 172
- (1) References in this Schedule to the CAC are to the Central Arbitration Committee.
- (2) For the purposes of this Schedule in its application to a part of Great Britain a working day is a day other than—
- (a) a Saturday or a Sunday,
- (b) Christmas day or Good Friday, or
- (c) a day which is a bank holiday under the Banking and Financial Dealings Act 1971 in that part of Great Britain.
## SCHEDULE A2
### Parliamentary Commissioner Act 1967 (c.13)
### Transport Act 1968 (c.73)
### Equal Pay Act 1970 (c.41)
### House of Commons Disqualification Act 1975 (c.24)
### Social Security Pensions Act 1975 (c.60)
### Sex Discrimination Act 1975 (c.65)
### Race Relations Discrimination Act 1976 (c.74)
### Aircraft and Shipbuilding Industries Act 1977 (c.3)
### Patents Act 1977 (c.37)
### House of Commons (Administration) Act 1978 (c.36)
### Employment Protection (Consolidation) Act 1978 (c.44)
### Crown Agents Act 1979 (c.43)
### Agricultural Training Board Act 1982 (c.9)
### Industrial Training Act 1982 (c.10)
### Oil and Gas (Enterprise) Act 1982 (c.23)
### Employment Act 1982 (c.46)
### Insurance Companies Act 1982 (c.50)
### Value Added Tax Act 1983 (c.55)
### Insolvency Act 1986 (c.45)
### Wages Act 1986 (c.48)
### Building Societies Act 1986 (c.53)
### Sex Discrimination Act 1986 (c.59)
### Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 (c.1)
### Local Government Act 1988 (c.9)
### Local Government and Housing Act 1989 (c.42)
## SCHEDULE
## Editorial notes
[^c14513061]: [Ss. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/5) applied (E.W.) (21.5.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/article/2), [Sch. para. 126(viii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/126/viii)
[^c14513071]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14513081]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14513091]: [Ss. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/5) applied (E.W.) (21.5.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/article/2), [Sch. para. 126(viii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/126/viii)
[^c14513101]: Words in [s. 8(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/8/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14513121]: [1974 c. 46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/46).
[^c14513131]: [1965 c. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1965/12).
[^c14513141]: [1925 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1925/19).
[^c14513151]: [1958 c. 23 (N.I.)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/apni/1958/23).
[^c14513161]: [1876 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1876/22).
[^c14513171]: [1965 c. 32](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1965/32).
[^c14513281]: [S. 19(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/1) substituted (1.1.1994) by [S.I. 1993/3084](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084), [reg. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084/regulation/7)
[^c14513291]: Words in [s. 19(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/1) substituted (1.12.2001) by [S.I. 2001/3649](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649), [arts. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/1), [332](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/332)
[^c14513261]: [S. 19(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/2) repealed (1.1.1994) by [S.I. 1993/3084](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084), [reg.8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/3084/regulation/8)
[^c14513331]: Words in [s. 21(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/21/6) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/17); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513341]: [1987 c. 43](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1987/43).
[^c14513361]: S. 24(4) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513371]: Words in s. 24(6) repealed (25.10.1999) by 1999 C. 26, ss. 29, 44, Sch. 6 paras. 1, 2, Sch. 9(7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [arts. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513391]: S. 24A inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/6); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513401]: Words in s. 24A repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513431]: Words in [s. 25(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 40(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/40/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513441]: Words in s. 25(2)(b) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1),4(2), Sch. 9(7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513451]: [S. 25(5A)(5B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/5A/5B) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [4(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/4/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513471]: [S. 25(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/8) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 40(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/40/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513481]: [S. 25(9)-(11)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/25/9) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [4(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/4/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513531]: Words in s. 26(1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 41(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/41/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513541]: S. 26(2) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [5(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/5/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14513551]: S. 26(7) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 41(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/41/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513561]: S. 26(8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [5(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/5/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513581]: Words in [s. 31(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/1) inserted (25.10.1999) by 1999 C. 26, s. 29, Sch. 6 paras. 1, 6(1)(2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with Sch. 3 para. 4 )
[^c14513591]: Words in [s. 31(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/2) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513601]: Words in 31(2) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513611]: [S. 31(2A)-(2C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/2A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/1/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513641]: Words in [s. 31(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/3) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513651]: [S. 31(4)-(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/31/4) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [6(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/6/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14513691]: [S. 32(3)(aa)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/3/aa) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 8(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/8/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513701]: Word in [s. 32(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/3) repealed (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513711]: [S. 32(3)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/3/d) and the word preceeding it inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 8(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/8/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513721]: [S. 32(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32/7) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.42](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/42); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513731]: [S. 32A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/32A) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/9); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513761]: In s. 34(5), the second sentence repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 7 para. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/18), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908) art. 2(1), Sch. 1
[^c14513771]: Words in [s. 35(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/35/5) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 19(a)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/19/a/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908) art. 2(1), Sch.1
[^c14513801]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513811]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513821]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513831]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513841]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513791]: [Ss. 37A-37E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/37A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513871]: Words in [s. 43(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/43/1/b) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 43(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/43/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513881]: Word in [s. 43(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/43/1/b) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513891]: [S. 43(1)(ba)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/43/1/ba) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 43(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/43/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513901]: Words in s. 44(2)(4) substituted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 44(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/44/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513921]: S. 44(5) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 44(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/44/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513941]: Words in [s. 45(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45/1) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/45); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14513951]: [S. 45(5)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45/5) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 45(5) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 11(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/11/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/1/2), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513981]: [S 45A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 11(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/11/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14513991]: Words in [s. 45A(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45A/6) substituted (1.4.1996) by [1995 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40), [ss. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40/section/5), [7(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40/section/7/2), [Sch. 4 para. 85](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/40/schedule/4/paragraph/85)
[^c14514001]: [S. 45B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/12); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514021]: [S. 45C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/12); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514031]: [S. 45C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C) (aa) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514041]: Words in [s. 45C(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/2/a) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/3), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514051]: [S. 45C(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/3/4) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/4), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514071]: [S. 45C(5A)-(5C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/5A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514101]: Words in [s. 45C(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/6) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [7(1)(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/7/1/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514111]: [S. 45C(7)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45C/7) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6), [paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/1), [7(1)(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/7/1/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514141]: [S. 45D](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/45D) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26) s. 29, Sch. 6 paras. 1, 8; [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514151]: Words in [s. 49(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/46); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514161]: [S. 49(3)(aa)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/aa) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514171]: Words in [s. 49(3)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/d) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514181]: Words in [s. 49(3)(d)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3/d/ii) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514191]: [S. 49(3A)-(3C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/3A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514201]: [S. 49(5A)(5B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/5A/5B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/d); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/11))(d); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514211]: [S. 49(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/49/8) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(1)(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/1/e); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514221]: [S. 51A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/51A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514231]: Word in [s. 52(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/1/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514241]: [S. 52(1)(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/1/e) and the word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/2/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514251]: Words in [s. 52(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/2/b) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/2/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514261]: [S. 52(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/2A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/1/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514271]: [S. 52(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/52/2B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 2(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/2/2/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514281]: Words in [s. 54(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/54/1) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/9) Sch.9(7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514291]: Words in [s. 55(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/55/2/b) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [10(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/10/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514301]: [S. 55(5A)-(5C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/55/5A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [10(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/10/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514331]: [S. 55(8)-(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/55/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [10(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/10/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514361]: [S. 56(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/56/2) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [11(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/11/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514371]: [S. 56(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/56/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [11(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/11/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514381]: [S. 56A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/56A) inserted (25.10.1999) [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/12); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/1) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14514401]: Words in [s. 58(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/58/3/b) substituted (19.7.1995) by [1995 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26), [ss. 126](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26/section/126), [180(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26/section/180/2), [Sch. 4 Pt. III para. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/15)
[^c14514411]: Words in [s. 62(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/62/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 47(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/47/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514421]: [S. 62(2)(a)-(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/62/2/a) and proviso substituted (30.8.1993) for 62(2)(a)-(c) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 47(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/47/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514431]: Words in [s. 64(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/64/5) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.48](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/48); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14514511]: Word in [s. 65(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/2) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514521]: [S. 65(2)(f)-(j)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/2/f) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 16(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/16/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514531]: Words in [s. 65(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/3) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3) Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14514541]: Word in [s. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514551]: [S. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) definition amended (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 49(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/49/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514561]: [S. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) definition inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/16/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514571]: [S. 65(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/65/7) definition and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 49(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/49/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14514601]: Words in [s. 66(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/66/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14514611]: [S. 66(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/66/4) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 50](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/50); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c20382791]: Words in [s. 67(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/1) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20382811]: [S. 67(2)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/2/4) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/3), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20382971]: Words in [s. 67(5)(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/5/7) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/4), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14514741]: Words in [s. 67](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14514761]: Words in [s. 67(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 51(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/51/a/i); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14514771]: Words in [s. 67(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8/a) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/2/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14514781]: Words in [s. 67(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8/b) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 230](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/230), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/2/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20383011]: Words in [s. 67(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/4), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20382951]: [S. 67(8A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/8A) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14514801]: [S. 67(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/67/9) repealed (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 8 para. 51(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/51/b), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14514891]: [S. 68](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68) substituted (23.6.1998) by [S.I. 1998/1529](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529), [arts. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/2/2), [3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/3)
[^c14515001]: [Ss. 68](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68), [68A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 68 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/15), [Sch. 9 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/9/paragraph/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515011]: Words in [s. 68A(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/1/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14515021]: [S. 68A(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/2) substituted (23.6.1998) by [S.I. 1998/1529](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529), [arts. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/2/2), [3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1529/article/3)
[^c14515041]: Words in [s. 68A(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/4/a) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/4/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14515051]: Words in [s. 68A(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/68A/4/b) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/4/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14514811]: Heading substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/15), [Sch. 9 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/9/paragraph/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515071]: [S. 70A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70A) of Chapter VA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1/2), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44)
[^c14515081]: [S. 70A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14515091]: [Ss. 70B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70B), [70C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70C) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/5); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/b)
[^c14515101]: [S. 70B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70B) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14515111]: [Ss. 70B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70B), [70C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70C) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/5); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/b)
[^c14515121]: [S. 70C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70C) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14515131]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14515061]: [S. 70A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/70A) of Chapter VA Pt. I and Chapter heading inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1/2); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/a)
[^c14515141]: 1972. c.70
[^c14515151]: [1973 c.65](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1973/65)
[^c14515161]: [S. 72A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/72A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [13](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/13); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515171]: Word in [s. 74(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/74/3) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515181]: Words in [s. 74(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/74/3) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515191]: Words in [s. 75(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515201]: [S. 75(3)(aa)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/aa) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515211]: Words in [s. 75(3)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/d) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(c)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/c/i); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515221]: Words in [s. 75(3)(d)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3/d/ii) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(c)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/c/ii); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515231]: [S. 75(3A)-(3C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/3A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/d); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515241]: [S. 75(5A)(5B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/5A/5B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/e); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515251]: [S. 75(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/75/8) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 2(f)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/2/f); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515261]: [S. 77A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/77A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/3); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515271]: Word in [s. 78(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/1/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515281]: [S.78(1)(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/1/e) and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/4/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515291]: Words in [s. 78(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/2/b) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 4(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/4/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515301]: [S. 78(2A)(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/78/2A/2B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/3), [Sch. 1 para. 4(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/1/paragraph/4/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515311]: Words in [s. 79(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/79/1) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/14), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515321]: Words in [s. 80(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/80/2/b) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [15(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/15/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2380](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2380/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515331]: [S. 80(5A)-(5C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/80/5A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [15(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/15/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515361]: [S. 80(8)-(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/80/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [15(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/15/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515391]: [S. 81(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/81/2) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [16(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/16/1/2), [Sch. 9(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/7); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515401]: [S. 81(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/81/8) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [16(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/16/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515411]: S. 82(2A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [17(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/17/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515421]: S. 82(3A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [17(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/17/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515441]: S. 87 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/6); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1) (with [art. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/3/2))
[^c14515451]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14515461]: [1992 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52).
[^c14515511]: S. 88 repealed (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/2); [S.I. 1998/2658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658/schedule/1) (with [art. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/2658/article/3/3))
[^c14515521]: Words in [s. 97(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/97/1/b) and (2)(b) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/52); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515541]: Words in [s. 98(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/98/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/53); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515551]: Words in [s. 99(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/99/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.54](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/54); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515561]: [S. 99(3A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/99/3A) added (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/5); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515571]: [Ss. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515581]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515591]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515601]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515611]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515621]: [S. 100-100E](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/100) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 100 by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515631]: [S. 101(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/101/3) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.55](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/55); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515651]: [S. 103(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/103/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 56](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/56); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515661]: [S. 103(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/103/2A) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [18(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/18/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/1) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515671]: [S. 103(6)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/103/6) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [18(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/18/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515711]: Words in [s. 106(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/106/2) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 57(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/57/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515721]: Words in [s. 106(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/106/4) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 57(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/57/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20383391]: [Ss. 101A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/101A), [101B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/101B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 50(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/50/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14515741]: [S. 108A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A)-C of Chapter VIIA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/19); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515751]: [S. 108A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A)-C of Chapter VIIA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/19); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515761]: [S. 108A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A)-C of Chapter VIIA Pt. I inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26) s. 29, Sch. 6 para. 1, 19; [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515731]: [S. 108A-108C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/108A) of Chapter VIIA Pt. I and chapter heading inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/19);[S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14515771]: Pt I Chapter VIII (ss.109-114) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14515851]: [S. 115](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/115) shall cease to have effect (1.4.1996) by virtue of [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 7(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/7/1/4), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10)
[^c14515861]: [S. 116](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/116) shall cease to have effect (1.4.1996) by virtue of [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 7(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/7/1/4), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10)
[^c14515901]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14515931]: Words in [s. 117(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/117/5) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.61](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/61); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515961]: Words in s. 118(4)(c) inserted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 62(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/62/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14515971]: Word in s. 118(4)(c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515981]: S. 118(4)(ca) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 62(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/62/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515991]: Definitions inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.63](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/63); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20383491]: [S. 116A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/116A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 55(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/55/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14516011]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14516021]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14516041]: [S. 127(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/127/3) repealed (21.12.2002) by [S.I. 2002/3203](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/3203), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/3203/article/4)
[^c14516051]: Words in [s. 129(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/129/3) repealed (1.12.2001) by [S.I. 2001/3649](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649), [arts. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/1), [333](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3649/article/333)
[^c14516101]: Words in [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/131/1) substituted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 64(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/64/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14516111]: Words in [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/131/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 64(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/64/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516121]: Words in [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/131/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 64(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/64/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516141]: Words in [s. 132](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/132) substituted and s. 132 renumbered as 132(1) (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [20(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/20/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14516151]: [S. 132(2)-(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/132/2) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [S. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [20(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/20/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 para. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/paragraph/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14516171]: [S. 133](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/133) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 65](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/65); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516181]: Words in [s. 133(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/133/2/c) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/21); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 para. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/paragraph/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14516211]: Words in [s. 135(3)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/135/3/c) substituted (1.1.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 66(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/66/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/3), [Sch.3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/3)
[^c14516221]: Word in [s. 135(3)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/135/3/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516231]: [S. 135(3)(ca)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/135/3/ca) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 66(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/66/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516241]: Words in [s. 137(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/137/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516251]: Words in [s. 138(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/138/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516261]: Words in [s. 139(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/139/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516291]: Words in [s. 140(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/140/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516301]: Words in [s. 140(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/140/4) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/6) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14516311]: Words in [s. 142(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/142/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516321]: Words in [s. 143(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/143/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20384511]: Words in [s. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) sidenote substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516341]: [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (1.9.1999) by 1999/2256, art. 3, Sch.
[^c20384191]: [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20395521]: [S. 146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c20384231]: Words in [s. 146(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516351]: Words in [s. 146(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1) substituted (25.20.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384581]: Words in [s. 146(1)(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/3/4) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/8); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384671]: Word in [s. 146(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/b) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/2), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384681]: [S. 146(1)(ba)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/1/ba) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384761]: Words in [s. 146(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by Employment Relations Act 2004, c. 24, {ss. 31(3)(a)}, 59(2)-(4); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384321]: Word in [s. 146(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/3/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384811]: Words in [s. 146(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2/b) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/3/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384281]: Words in [s. 146(2)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2/4) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384341]: Words in [s. 146(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/3/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20384851]: [S. 146(2A)-(2D)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/2A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516361]: Words in [s. 146(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/3) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384421]: Words in [s. 146(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516371]: Words in [s. 146(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/4) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384451]: Words in [s. 146(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/5) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516381]: Words in [s. 146(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/5) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [2(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/2/1/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20384491]: [S. 146(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/146/5A) substituted for s. 146(6) (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516431]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20385011]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20395561]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14516441]: [S. 147](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147): “(1)" inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [3(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/3/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516451]: Words in [s. 147(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516461]: Words in [s. 147(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147/1/a) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/3/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516471]: [S. 147(2)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/147/2/3) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [3(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/3/4); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20395581]: Words in [s. 148(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/1) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/9); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516501]: Words in [s. 148(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [4(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/4/1/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516511]: Words in [s. 148(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/2) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 para. 4(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/4/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20395601]: [S. 148(3)-(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/148/3) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/5), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516571]: Words in [s. 149(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/149/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14516581]: Words in [s. 149(1)-(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/149/1)(6) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c14516631]: Words in [s. 150(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/150/1/a) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [6(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/6/a); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/1))
[^c20395661]: Words in [s. 150(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/150/1/a) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/10); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516641]: Words in [s. 150(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/150/1/b) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2), [Sch. 2 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/1), [6(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/2/paragraph/6/b); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I). (with Sch. 3 para. 1)
[^c20395691]: Words in [s. 151(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/1) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/6), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395701]: [S. 151(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/1A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 31(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/31/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395741]: [S. 151(1B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/1B) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/8), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395761]: Words in [s. 151(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/9), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516651]: Words in [s. 151(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/151/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20384981]: Words in cross-heading substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566)), art. 3 (with arts. 4-8)
[^c20395851]: [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) sidenote: words inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/10), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516671]: [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20396131]: [Ss. 152-154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20396111]: [Ss. 152-154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14516681]: Words in [s. 152(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch.1 para. 56(7)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/7/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20396021]: Words in [s. 152(1)(a)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/1/a/b) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/2), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395881]: [S. 152(1)(ba)(bb)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/1/ba/bb) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395921]: Word in [s. 152(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/3/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395951]: Words in [s. 152(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/2) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(3)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/3/b), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20395971]: [S. 152(2A)(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/2A/2B) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396041]: Words in [s. 152(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/4) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/5), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2/4), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396001]: [S. 152(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152/5) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 32(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/32/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14516701]: [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (25.10.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/3), [Sch](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule)
[^c20396171]: [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/2964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/2964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/2964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/2964/schedule)
[^c20396181]: [S. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14516711]: Words in [s. 153](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/153) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(7)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/7/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14516781]: [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) modified (25.10.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20396191]: [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c14516831]: [S. 155](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155) excluded (E.W.) (21.5.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/article/2), [Sch. paras. 131](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/131), [139](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1185/schedule/paragraph/139)
[^c14516841]: Words in [s. 155(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20396221]: Word in [s. 155(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/2/b) repealed (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 11(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/11/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396251]: [S. 155(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/2/d) and preceding word inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 11(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/11/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20396271]: [S. 155(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/155/2A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 11(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/11/3); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14517071]: S. 156: power to amend conferred (17.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 34(1)(f)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/34/1/f); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c14517081]: Words in s. 156(1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(9)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/9/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517101]: Words in s. 156(2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(9)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/9/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517161]: [S. 157](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/157) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 33(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/33/1/b), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/8))
[^c14517491]: [S. 158](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/158) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 33(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/33/1/b), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/8))
[^c14517511]: Words in [s. 159](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/159) and s. 159(a), s. 159(2)(3) repealed (17.12.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/I). 19993374, art. 2(3), Sch.
[^c14517521]: [S. 159(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/159/1/b) repealed (25.10.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/10); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3/a)
[^c14517531]: Words in [s. 160(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/160/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20396521]: Words in [s. 161(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/161/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/12); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14517541]: Words in [s. 162(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/162/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517551]: Words in [s. 164(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/164/1/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.69](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/69); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14517561]: Words in [s. 165(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/165/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517581]: Words in [s. 166(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/166/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517591]: Words in [s. 166(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/166/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/22); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14517621]: Words in [s. 167(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517631]: Words in [s. 167(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(b)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/b/i) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517641]: Words in [s. 167(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(b)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/b/ii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14517651]: Words in [s. 167(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/167/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(12)(b)(iii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/12/b/iii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20395821]: [S. 152](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/152) cross-heading: words inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 30(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/30/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2566/article/4))
[^c20413891]: [S. 168(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168/1/c) and preceding word inserted (28.7.1999) by [The Collective Redundancies and Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) (Amendment) Regulations 1999 (S.I. 1999/1925)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [reg. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/14)
[^c14517661]: [S. 168(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168/3/4) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7) (with [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/15)); [S.I. 2000/242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242/article/2/1) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/242/article/4))
[^c14517681]: Words in [s. 168(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517721]: [S. 169](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7) (with [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/15)); [S.I. 2000/2424](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2424/article/4))
[^c20413981]: [S. 169](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169) applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517731]: Word in [s. 169(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/3), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517741]: Words in [s. 169(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/169/5) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517761]: [S. 170(2A)-(2C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/170/2A) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/4), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517771]: Words in [s. 170(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/170/4) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517781]: [S. 170(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/170/5) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/5), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517811]: S. 171 applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7), (with s. 15); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20414001]: S. 171 applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517821]: Words in s. 171 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517831]: Word in s. 171 inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/19); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517851]: [S. 172](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/172) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26) s. 10(7) (with s. 15); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20414021]: [S. 172](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/172) applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517861]: Word in [s. 172(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/172/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/20); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517891]: [S. 173](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173) applied (4.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 10(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/10/7),(with s. 15); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [arts. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c20414031]: [S. 173](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173) applied (1.10.2006) by [The Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/1031)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031), [reg. 47](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/47), [Sch. 6 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/6/paragraph/9) (with [regs. 44-46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/regulation/44), [Sch. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1031/schedule/7))
[^c14517901]: Word in [s. 173(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 21(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/21/a); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517911]: Word in [s. 173(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2), [Sch. 7 para. 21(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/21/a); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/2)
[^c14517921]: Words in [s. 173(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517931]: [S. 173(3)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/173/3/4) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/6), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c20479211]: [S. 168A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/168A) inserted (27.4.2003) by [Employment Act 2002 (c. 22)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/2), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14517971]: [Ss. 174-177](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c20396541]: [S. 174](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) extended (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20396561]: Words in [s. 174(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174/2/d) substituted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20396581]: [S. 174(4)-(4B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174/4) substituted for s. 174(4) (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14517981]: Words in [s. 174(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174/5) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518001]: Ss. 174-177 and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14518011]: Words in s. 175 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518581]: Ss. 174-177 and cross-heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14518591]: S. 176: power to amend conferred (17.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 34(1)(g)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/34/1/g); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2/a), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c20413161]: S. 176 extended (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/7), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14518601]: Words in s. 176 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20413181]: S. 176(1A)-(1D) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413261]: Words in s. 176(2) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(8)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/8/a), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413321]: Words in s. 176(2) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(8)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/8/b), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a/c) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413201]: Words in s. 176(3)(a) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/5), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14518641]: Words in s. 176(6)(a) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(13)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/13/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14518651]: Words in s. 176(6)(b) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(13)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/13/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20413341]: Words in s. 176(6) repealed (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 34(11)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/34/11), [57(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a/c) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20413231]: S. 176(6A)(6B) inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 33(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/33/6), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c14518671]: S. 176(7) repealed (17.12.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2/b), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c14518681]: S. 176(8) repealed (17.12.1999 subject to [s. 36(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/3) of the amending Act) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 36(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/36/1/3), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9); [S.I. 1999/3374](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374), [art. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/2/b), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/schedule) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/3374/article/3))
[^c14518701]: [Ss. 174-177](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14518711]: Words in [s. 177(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/177/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14517951]: [Ss. 174-177](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/174) and cross heading substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/14); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch.2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c20383931]: Ss. 145A-145F and preceding cross-heading inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/29), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/a) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14518721]: [S. 181](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 181](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414141]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414081]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518731]: [S. 182](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/182) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 182](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/182) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414161]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414101]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518741]: [S. 183](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/183) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 183](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/183) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414171]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414111]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518751]: [S. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/184) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/184) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414181]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414121]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518761]: [S. 185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/185) modified (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/schedule) [S. 185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/185) modified (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/schedule)
[^c20414191]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/schedule)
[^c20414131]: [Ss. 181-185](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/181) modified (W.) (12.5.2006) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (Wales) Order 2006 (S.I. 2006/1073)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/1073/schedule)
[^c14518771]: [S. 187(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/187/2): by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/23) it is provided (30.8.1993) that para. (c) shall become sub para. (iii) of para. (b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14518781]: [S. 187(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/187/2/c) and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/23); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14518991]: Words in sidenote to s. 188 omitted (26.10.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/10)
[^c14519001]: [S. 188(1)(1A)(1B)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/1/1A/1B/2) substituted for s. 188(1)(2) (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/2)
[^c14519011]: Words in [s. 188(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/1) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by 1999/1925, regs. 2(2), 3(1)(2)
[^c14519021]: [S. 188(1B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/1B) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by 1999/1925, regs. 3(1)(3)
[^c14519031]: Word in [s. 188(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/4) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/3)
[^c14519041]: Word in [s. 188(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/4/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519051]: [S. 188(4)(f)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/4/f) and word preceeding it inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/2/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519061]: Words in [s. 188(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/4/a)
[^c14519071]: Words in [s. 188(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/4/b)
[^c14519081]: [S. 188(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5A) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/5)
[^c14519091]: Words in [s. 188(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/5A) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by 1999/1925, regs. 2(2), 3(1)(4)
[^c14519101]: [S. 188(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/6) omitted (26.10.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/6)
[^c14519111]: Words in [s. 188(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/7)
[^c14519121]: Words in [s. 188(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/2/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519131]: [S. 188(7A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7A) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/8)
[^c14519141]: [S. 188(7A)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7A/a) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [3(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/3/1/5)
[^c14519151]: [S. 188(7B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/7B) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [3(1)(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/3/1/6)
[^c14519161]: Words in [s. 188(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188/8) inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/9)
[^c14519171]: [S. 188A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/188A) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg 2(2) of the commencing S.I) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/4)
[^c14519341]: Words in sidenote to s. 189 omitted (26.10.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/5)
[^c14519351]: [S. 189(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/1) substituted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of the commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [5(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/5/1/2)
[^c14519361]: [S. 189(1A)(1B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/1A/1B) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of the commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [5(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/5/1/3)
[^c14519381]: Words in [s. 189(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/4) omitted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by virute of [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [5(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/5/1/4)
[^c14519391]: Words in [s. 189(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/a) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/a)
[^c14519401]: Word in [s. 189(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/b) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(b)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/b/i)
[^c14519411]: Words in [s. 189(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/b) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(b)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/b/ii)
[^c14519421]: Words in [s. 189(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/189/5/c) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 4(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/4/4/c)
[^c14519521]: Words in [s. 190(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14519531]: [S. 190(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/3) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 34(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/3), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10)
[^c14519541]: Words in [s. 190(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/4) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(14)(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/14/a/i) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519551]: Words in [s. 190(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/4) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(14)(a)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/14/a/ii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519561]: Words in [s. 190(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/5) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(b)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/b/i) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519571]: Words in [s. 190(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/5) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(b)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/b/ii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519581]: Words in [s. 190(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/190/5) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(b)(iii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/b/iii) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14519591]: Words in [s. 191(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/191/1/a) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.70](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/70); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519601]: Words in [s. 192](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/192) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518811]: Words in heading omitted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 3(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/3/10)
[^c14519641]: Word in [s. 193(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/2) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/2/a)
[^c14519651]: Words in [s. 193(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/2) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/2/b)
[^c14519661]: [S. 193(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/4/b) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/3)
[^c14519671]: Words in [s. 193(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/6) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/4/a)
[^c14519681]: Words in [s. 193(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/6) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 5(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/5/4/b)
[^c14519691]: Words in [s. 193(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/193/7) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519701]: [S. 195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/195) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 34(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/34/5); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519721]: [S. 196](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196) substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/6)
[^c14519731]: Words in [s. 196(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196/1) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [6(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/6/1/2)
[^c14519741]: Words in [s. 196(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196/1) added (28.7.1999 subject to art. 2(2) of the commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [6(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/6/1/3)
[^c14519751]: [S. 196(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/196/3) inserted (28.7.1999 subject to reg. 2(2) of commencing S.I.) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [regs. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/2/2), [6(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/6/1/4)
[^c14519771]: Words in [s. 198(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/198/1/b) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/71)
[^c14519781]: Words in [s. 198(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/198/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14518791]: [Pt. IV Ch. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/part/IV/chapter/II) (ss. 188-198) modified (3.4.1995) by [1994 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19), [s. 44(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/section/44/1/b) (with [ss. 54(5)(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/section/54/5/7), [55(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/section/55/5), [Sch. 17 para. 22(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/schedule/17/paragraph/22/1), [23(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/19/schedule/17/paragraph/23/2)); [S.I. 1995/852](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/852), [art. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/852/article/7), [Sch. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/852/schedule/26)
[^c14519791]: Words in [s. 199(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/199/1) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/7), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14519811]: [S. 200(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/200/3) substituted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/8), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14519831]: Words in [s. 203(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/203/1/b) inserted (27.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [ss. 43(7)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/43/7), [55(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/55/2); [S.I. 2003/1190](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/2/1) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1190/article/3))
[^c14519841]: Words in [s. 207(2)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/207/2/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20396661]: [S. 207A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/207A) inserted (6.4.2009) by [Employment Act 2008 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24), [ss. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/3/2), [22(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/22/1/a); [S.I. 2008/3232](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/2) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/3), [Sch. paras. 1-5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/schedule/paragraph/1))
[^c14519881]: Words in [s. 209](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/209) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14519891]: Words in [s.209](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/209) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/26), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/5); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I)
[^c20414641]: [S. 210](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/210) applied (6.4.2005) by [The Information and Consultation of Employees Regulations 2004 (S.I. 2004/3426)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3426), [reg. 38(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3426/regulation/38/2) (with [reg. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3426/regulation/3))
[^c20414661]: [S. 210](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/210) applied (18.8.2006) by [The European Cooperative Society (Involvement of Employees) Regulations 2006 (S.I. 2006/2059)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/2059), [reg. 39(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/2059/regulation/39/2)
[^c14519901]: Words in [s. 211(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/211/1) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14519921]: Words in [s. 212(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212/5) substituted (31.1.1997) by virtue of [1996 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23), [s. 107(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/107/1), [Sch. 3 para. 56](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/schedule/3/paragraph/56) (with [s. 81(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/81/2); [S.I. 1996/3146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146/article/3), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146/schedule/2))
[^c14519981]: [S. 212A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/7); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14519991]: Words in [s. 212A(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A/1) inserted (6.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [s. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [Sch. 7 para. 22(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/22/a); [S.I. 2002/2866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/article/2/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/1/part/3) (with [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/3))
[^c14520001]: [S. 212A(1)(za)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A/1/za) inserted (6.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [s. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [Sch. 7 para. 22(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/22/b); [S.I. 2002/2866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/article/2/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/1/part/3) (with [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/3))
[^c14520011]: Words in [s. 212A(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212A/1/a) substituted (6.4.2003) by [2002 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22), [s. 53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/section/53), [Sch. 7 para. 22(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/22/schedule/7/paragraph/22/c); [S.I. 2002/2866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/article/2/3), [Sch. 1 Pt. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/1/part/3) (with [Sch. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2866/schedule/3))
[^c14520021]: [1996 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23).
[^c14520031]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14520041]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14520051]: [S. 212B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/212B) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/7); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14520061]: [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18).
[^c14520071]: [S. 213](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/213) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 43(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/43/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20396681]: [S. 210A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/210A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/21), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14520081]: [1972 c. 59](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1972/59).
[^c14520091]: S. 219 excluded (E.W.) (2.3.1998) by [S.I. 1998/218](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218), [art. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/218/article/5) S. 219 excluded (1.9.1999) by [S.I. 1999/2256](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256), [art. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2256/article/5)
[^c20451181]: S. 219 excluded (E.) (1.9.2003) by [The Education (Modification of Enactments Relating to Employment) (England) Order 2003 (S.I. 2003/1964)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964), [reg. 5(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/1964/regulation/5/2)
[^c14520101]: Words in s. 219(4) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/72); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520111]: [S. 222](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/222) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c14520121]: [S. 223](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/223) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c14520131]: [S. 224](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/224) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c14520191]: S. 226 applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520201]: S. 226(1)(a)(b) substituted (30.8.1993) for words by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 18(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/18/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520211]: Words in s. 226(1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 73(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/73/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520221]: S. 226(2)(a)-(c) and proviso substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 226(2)(a)-(c) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 73(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/73/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520231]: Words in s. 226(2)(a)(ii) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520241]: Words in [s. 226(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226/2/b) omitted (18.9.2000) by virtue of [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [45(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45/1), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/2), [Sch. 9(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/1); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520251]: S. 226(2)(bb) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transtitional provisions in [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/section/4))
[^c14520261]: Words in s. 226(3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 73(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/73/c); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520271]: S. 226(3A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/2/1/3) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/article/4))
[^c14520301]: [S. 226A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 18(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/18/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520311]: [S. 226A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520341]: [S. 226B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/1); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520351]: [S. 226B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226B) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520361]: [S. 226C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226C) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/4); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520371]: [S. 226C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226C) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520391]: [S. 227](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/227) applied by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/b)
[^c14520401]: [S. 227(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/227/2) omitted (18.9.2000 and repealed*prosp.*) by virtue of [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/4), [Sch. 9(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/1); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520431]: [Ss. 228](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228), [228A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228A) substituted for s. 228 (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/5); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520441]: [S. 228](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5)
[^c14520451]: [Ss. 228](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228), [228A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228A) substituted for 228 (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/5); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520461]: [s. 228A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/228A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/C)
[^c14520501]: [S. 229](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/a)
[^c14520511]: [S. 229(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/1A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/2); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520521]: [S. 229(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/2A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [6(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/6/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520531]: Words in [s. 229(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 25](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/25); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520541]: Words in [s. 229(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/229/4) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [6(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/6/1/3); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520571]: [S. 230](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/230) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520581]: [S. 230(2)(2A)-(2C)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/230/2/2A) substituted (30.8.1993) for s. 230(2)(3) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/17); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520591]: [S. 230(2A)(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/230/2A/2B) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/7); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520611]: S. 231 applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520621]: [S. 231A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/19); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520631]: [S. 231A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231A) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520641]: [S. 231B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231B) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 20(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/20/3); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520651]: [S. 231B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/231B) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520661]: [S. 232](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520671]: Words in [s. 232(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 74(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/74/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520681]: [S. 232(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232/2) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 74(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/74/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520691]: [S. 232A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/8); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transtitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520701]: [S. 232B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/232B) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/9); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520711]: s. 233 applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520731]: [S. 234](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520741]: [S. 234(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234/1) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/10); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520791]: S. 234A and cross-heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/21); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520801]: S. 234A applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520831]: Words in s. 234A(7) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/4/a); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2)( with transitional provisions in art. 4)
[^c14520841]: Words in s. 234A(7)(a) ceased to have effect (18.9.2000) and repealed (*prosp.*) by virtue of [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/4/b), [Sch. 9(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/1)
[^c14520851]: S.234A(7A)(7B) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/5); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520871]: Words in s. 234A(9) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/6); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520881]: [S. 235](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14520891]: Words in [s. 235](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.75](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/75); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520761]: [S. 234A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234A) and cross heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/21); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520921]: [Ss. 235A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235A)- 235C and cross heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/22); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14520941]: [S. 235B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235B) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14520961]: [S. 235C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235C) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14520911]: [Ss. 235A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/235A)- 235C and cross heading inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/22); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521221]: S. 237(1A) inserted (10.6.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 76](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/76); [S.I. 1994/1365](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/2), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/schedule) (with [art. 3(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/3/1))
[^c14521231]: Words in s. 237(1A) and s. 237(1A)(a)(b) substituted for words in s. 237(1A) (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/9), [Sch. 4 Pt. III paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/1), [2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/2/a); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830); art. 2(2), Sch. 1 Pt. II (with Sch. 3 paras. 10, 11)
[^c14521241]: Words in s. 237(1A) inserted (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1), [2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/2/b); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/II) (with [paras. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/paragraph/10), [11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/paragraph/11))
[^c14521251]: [1971 c. 80](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/80).
[^c14521461]: Words in s. 238(2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14521471]: S. 238(2A) inserted (10.6.1994) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 77](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/77); [S.I. 1994/1365](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/2), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/schedule) (with [art. 3(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1365/article/3/1))
[^c14521481]: Words in S. 238(2A) substituted (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/9), [Sch. 4 Pt III para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/paragraph/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/II) (with [Sch. 3 para. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/10), [11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/11))
[^c14521491]: Words in s. 238(2A) inserted (15.12.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/9), [Sch. 4 Pt. III para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/4/part/III/paragraph/3); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. II](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/II) (with [Sch. 3 paras. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/10), [11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/11))
[^c14521501]: S. 238(2B) inserted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/2); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521511]: [S. 238A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238A) inserted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/3); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521611]: Words in [s. 239(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/1) substituted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/2); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521621]: Words in [s. 239(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/1) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(16)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/16/a) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14521631]: Words in [s. 239(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/1) added (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/3); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521641]: Words in [s. 239(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/2) inserted (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/4); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c14521651]: Words in [s. 239(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(16)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/16/b) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14521661]: Words in [s. 239(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14521671]: Words in [s. 239(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/3) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(16)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/16/c) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14521681]: [S. 239(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/239/4) added (24.4.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/16), [Sch. 5 para. 4(1)(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/5/paragraph/4/1/5); [S.I. 2000/875](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/875/article/3)
[^c20397561]: [S. 238B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/238B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 28(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/28/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14521691]: [1977 c. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1977/45).
[^c14521721]: [S. 246](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/246) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(5)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/5/c)
[^c14521731]: Words in [s. 246](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/246) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 7 para. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/26), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521741]: Words in definition of “*strike*” in s. 246 inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [6(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/6/4); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14521751]: [1947 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1947/44).
[^c14521761]: [1857 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1857/44).
[^c14521771]: [1947 c. 39](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1947/39).
[^c14521781]: Words in [s. 249(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/249/2) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/43/3), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521791]: Words in [s. 249(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/249/2) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/43/3); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521801]: [S. 250](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/250): transfer of functions (1.4.1995) by virtue of [S.I. 1995/269](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/269), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/269/article/3), [Sch. para. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/269/schedule/paragraph/21)
[^c14521811]: [S. 251A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/251A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s.44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/44); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521821]: Words in [s. 253(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/253/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 27(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/27/1); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/3))
[^c14521831]: [S. 254(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/254/5A) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.78](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/78); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521851]: S. 256(2)(2A) substituted for s. 256(2) (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/22)
[^c14521861]: S. 256(4) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14521871]: Ss. 256A, 256B inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/23); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14521901]: [1898 c. 35](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1898/35).
[^c14521911]: [1978 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/23).
[^c14521921]: [Ss. 256A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/256A), [256B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/256B) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/1), [23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6/paragraph/23); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c14521931]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14521941]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14521951]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14521961]: Words in [s. 258(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/258/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/29), [Sch. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/6), [paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/1), [24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/paragraph/24); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2), [Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/5))
[^c20397841]: [S. 256ZA](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/256ZA) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 48](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/48), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14521971]: [S. 260(1)-(3A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/260/1) substituted for s. 260(1)-(3) (22.2.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/24); [S.I. 2000/420](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/420), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/420/article/2) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/420/article/3))
[^c14522051]: Words in s. 263(6) substituted (31.1.1997) by [1996 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23), [s. 107(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/107/1), [Sch. 3 para. 56](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/schedule/3/paragraph/56) (with [s. 81(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/23/section/81/2)); [S.I. 1996/3146](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/3146/article/3)
[^c14522061]: [1972 c. 59](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1972/59).
[^c14522071]: S. 263(7) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 25(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/2); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2)
[^c14522081]: [S. 263A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/263A) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 25(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/3); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c14522091]: Words in [s. 264(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/264/1) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 25(1)(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/4/a); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c14522101]: Words in [s. 264(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/264/2) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 25(1)(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/25/1/4/b); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c14522111]: Words in [s. 265(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/265/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 27(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/27/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/3))
[^c14522151]: [S. 266](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/266) and cross heading immdiately preceding it repealed (25.10.2001) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I)
[^c14522201]: [S. 267](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/267) repealed (25.10.1999) by 1999 C. 26, s. 44, Sch. 9(6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522241]: [S. 268](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/268) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522341]: [S. 269](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/269) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522381]: [S. 270](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/270) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522421]: [S. 271](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/271) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2), [Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522131]: [S. 266](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/266) and the cross heading immediately preceding it repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14522451]: Words in [s. 273(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/273/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/8); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule)
[^c14522461]: [S. 273(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/273/4/c) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14522481]: Words in [s. 274](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/274) substituted (1.4.1997) by [1996 c. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14), [s. 131(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14/section/131/1), [Sch. 10 para. 24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14/schedule/10/paragraph/24) (with [s. 72(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/14/section/72/5)); [S.I. 1997/305](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/305), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/305/article/2/1)
[^c14522551]: Words in [s. 277(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/1) substituted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/a); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522561]: [S. 277(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/1A) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/b); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522571]: Words in [s. 277(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/c); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522581]: Words in [s. 277(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14522591]: Words in [s. 277(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2) repealed (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522601]: [S. 277(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/2A) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/d); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522611]: [S. 277(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/277/3) substituted (30.11.1993) for s. 277(3)-(6) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 12(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/12/e); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522741]: [S. 278(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/2A) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 85(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/85/a); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522751]: Words in [s. 278(2A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/2A) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14522761]: [1978 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/44).
[^c14522771]: Words in [s. 278(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/3) inserted (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 85(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/85/b); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14522781]: Words in [s. 278(4)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/4/c) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 27](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/27); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14522791]: Words in [s. 278(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/278/6) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(17)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/17) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c20415951]: S. 279 renumbered as s. 279(1) (1.4.2004) by virtue of [Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 (c. 43)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43), [ss. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/184), [199(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/199/1/a), [Sch. 11 para. 59(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/11/paragraph/59/1/3) (with savings (W.) by [S.I. 2004/1016](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [art. 88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/88)); [S.I. 2004/288](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288), [art. 5(2)(v)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/5/2/v) (with [art. 7(1)(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/7/1/9) (as amended by [S.I. 2005/2925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925), [art. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925/article/12)) and as amended by [S.I. 2004/866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866/article/2)); [S.I. 2004/480](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480), [art. 4(z)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/4/z) (with [arts. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/6), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/7)) (as amended by [S.I. 2004/1019](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019/article/2/1) and as amended by [S.I. 2006/345](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345), [art. 8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345/article/8/1))
[^c14522981]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.4.1998 subject to art. 3 of [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631)) by [1997 c. 46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46), [s. 41(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/section/41/10), [Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 67(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/schedule/2/part/I/paragraph/67/a); [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631/article/2/1)
[^c20416201]: Words in s. 279(1) omitted (1.4.2004) by virtue of [The Primary Medical Services (Scotland) Act 2004 (Consequential Modifications) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/957)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/article/2), [Sch. para. 7(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/schedule/paragraph/7/a/i) (with savings for effect (S.) by [S.S.I. 2004/163](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163), [art. 99](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163/article/99))
[^c14522991]: Words in s. 279(1)(a) inserted (E.W.) (1.10.2002) by [National Health Service Reform and Health Care Professions Act 2002 (c. 17)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17), ss. 4(3), 42(3), Sch. 3 Pt. 2 para. 13; [S.I. 2002/2478](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478), [art. 3(1)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/1/c)
[^c14523001]: Words in s. 279(1)(a) inserted (1.10.2002 for E.W. and otherwise prosp.) by [2002 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17), [ss. 2(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/2/5), [42(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/42/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. 2 para. 60](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/schedule/2/part/2/paragraph/60); [S.I. 2002/2478](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478), [art. 3(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/1/d)
[^c20416171]: Words in S. 279(1)(a) repealed (1.4.2004) by virtue of [Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 (c. 43)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43), [ss. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/184), [199(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/199/1/a), [Sch. 11 para. 59(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/11/paragraph/59/1/2), [Sch. 14 Pt. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/14/part/4) (with savings (W.) by [S.I. 2004/1016](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [art. 88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/88)); [S.I. 2004/288](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288), [arts. 5(2)(v)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/5/2/v), [6(2)(k)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/6/2/k) (with [art. 7(1)(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/7/1/9) (as amended by [S.I. 2005/2925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925), [art. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925/article/12)) and as amended by [S.I. 2004/866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866/article/2)); [S.I. 2004/480](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480), [arts. 4(z)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/4/z), [5(2)(k)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/5/2/k) (with [arts. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/6), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/7)) (as amended by [S.I. 2004/1019](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019/article/2/1) and as amended by [S.I. 2006/345](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345), [art. 8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345/article/8/1))
[^c14523031]: [1977 c. 49](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1977/49).
[^c14523041]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.4.1998 subject to art. 3 of [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631)) by [1997 c. 46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46), [s. 41(10)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/section/41/10), [Sch. 2 Pt. I para. 67(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1997/46/schedule/2/part/I/paragraph/67/c); [S.I. 1998/631](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/631/article/2/1)
[^c14523051]: [1978 c. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/29).
[^c14523062]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.7.2002 for W. and 1.1.2003 for E.) by [2001 c. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15), [ss. 67(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/67/1), [70(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/70/2), [Sch. 5 Pt. 1 para. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/schedule/5/part/1/paragraph/9) (with [ss. 64(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/64/9), [65(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2001/15/section/65/4)) ; [S.I. 2002/1475](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/1475), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/1475/article/2), [Sch. Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/1475/schedule/part/1); [S.I. 2003/53](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/53), [art. 2(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2003/53/article/2/a)
[^c20381391]: Words in s. 279 inserted (1.10.2002) by [National Health Service Reform and Health Care Professions Act 2002 (c. 17)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17), [ss. 2(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/2/5), [42(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/section/42/3), [Sch. 2 para. 82](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/17/schedule/2/paragraph/82); [S.I. 2002/2478](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478), [art. 3(1)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/1/d) (with [arts. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/3/3), [4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2478/article/4))
[^c20416091]: S. 279(2) inserted (1.4.2004) by [Health and Social Care (Community Health and Standards) Act 2003 (c. 43)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43), [ss. 184](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/184), [199(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/section/199/1/a), [Sch. 11 para. 59(1)(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2003/43/schedule/11/paragraph/59/1/4) (with savings by [S.I. 2004/1016](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [art. 88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/88)); [S.I. 2004/288](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288), [art. 5(2)(v)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/5/2/v) (with [art. 7(1)(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/288/article/7/1/9) (as amended by [S.I. 2005/2925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925), [art. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2925/article/12)) and as amended by [S.I. 2004/866](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/866/article/2)); [S.I. 2004/480](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480), [art. 4(z)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/4/z) (with [arts. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/6), [7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/480/article/7)) (as amended by [S.I. 2004/1019](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1019/article/2/1) and as amended by [S.I. 2006/345](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345), [art. 8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2006/345/article/8/1))
[^c20416381]: S. 279(2) modified (E.) (1.4.2004) by [The General Medical Services and Personal Medical Services Transitional and Consequential Provisions Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/865)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/865), [arts. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/865/article/1/2), [109(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/865/article/109/2/d)
[^c20416461]: S. 279(2) modified (W.) (1.4.2004) by [The General Medical Services Transitional and Consequential Provisions (Wales) (No. 2) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/1016)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016), [arts 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/1/2), [85(2)(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/1016/article/85/2/d)
[^c20416341]: S. 279(3) inserted (1.4.2004) by [The Primary Medical Services (Scotland) Act 2004 (Consequential Modifications) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/957)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/article/2), [Sch. para. 7(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/957/schedule/paragraph/7/b) (with savings for effect (S.) by [S.S.I. 2004/163](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163), [art. 99](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163/article/99))
[^c20416501]: S. 279(3)(b) modified (1.4.2004) by The General Medical Services and Section 17[C Agreements (Transitional and other Ancillary Provisions) (Scotland) Order 2004 (S.S.I. 2004/163)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163), [art. 96](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ssi/2004/163/article/96)
[^c14523071]: [S. 280](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/280) modified (1.10.2002 for specified purposes and otherwise 1.4.2004) by [2002 c. 30](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30), [s. 13](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30/section/13), [Sch. 3 Pt. 3 para. 19(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30/schedule/3/part/3/paragraph/19/5/a) (with [s. 14(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2002/30/section/14/1)); [S.I. 2002/2306](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2306), [art. 4(e)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2002/2306/article/4/e); [S.I. 2004/913](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/913), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/913/article/2/d)
[^c14523091]: [S. 281](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/281) repealed (6.2.1995) by [S.I. 1995/31](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31), [regs. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31/regulation/5), [6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31/regulation/6), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/31/schedule)
[^c14523111]: [S. 282(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/282/2) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(18)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/18) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14523121]: [S. 283](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/283) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20397921]: Words in [s. 284](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/284) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 16(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/16/1); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20397931]: Words in [s. 284](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/284) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/16/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20397941]: Words in [s. 285(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/1) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/2); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523131]: Words in [s. 285(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/1) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 32(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/32/1); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/7))
[^c20397981]: [S. 285(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/1A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/3); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398001]: Words in [s. 285(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/2) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(4)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/4/a); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398021]: Words in [s. 285(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/285/2/c) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 17(4)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/17/4/b); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398051]: Words in [s. 286(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/286/1) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/18); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523291]: Words in [s. 287(3)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/287/3/c) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/b) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523301]: [1878 c. 73](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1878/73).
[^c14523311]: [S. 287(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/287/3) inserted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 32(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/32/2); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)(2) Sch. 1 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1/2/schedule/1/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/7))
[^c14523321]: [1964 c. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1964/29).
[^c14523521]: Words in s. 288 substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a/c) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523541]: Words in s. 288 substituted for paras. (a) and (b) (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17) ss. 43, 46, Sch. 1 para. 8(a) (with s. 38)
[^c14523561]: S. 288(2A)-(2C) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 39(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/39/2), [Sch. 6 para. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/6/paragraph/4/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14523571]: Words in s. 288(2A) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 43](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/43), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/46), [Sch. 1 para. 8(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/8/b) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/38))
[^c14523591]: Word in s. 288(2B)(b) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 9(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/9/2); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523601]: Words in s. 288(2B)(c) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 9(1)(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/9/1/2/c); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523621]: Words in s. 288(2B)(d) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 10(1)(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/10/1/2/c); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14523631]: S. 288(4)(4A)(4B)(4C)(5) substituted for s. 288(4)(5) (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 9(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/9/3); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule)
[^c14523651]: S. 288(6) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 8(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/8/3); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1) (with [art. 3(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/3/4))
[^c14523711]: [S. 290](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/290) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14523761]: [S. 291(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/291/1) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [ss. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 8 para. 87(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/87/a), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14523771]: [S. 291(2)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/291/2/3) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14523661]: Words in cross-heading substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20398101]: [S. 292(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/1/a) repealed (1.10.2004) by Employment Relations Act 2004, ss. 57(1)(2), 59(2)-(4), Sch. 1 para. 20(2), {Sch. 2}; [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b/c) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398111]: [S. 292(1A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/1A) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 20(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/20/3); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c20398131]: Words in [s. 292(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/2) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 20(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/20/4); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523791]: Words in [s. 292(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/3) substituted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 1(2)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/1/2/a) (with [s. 16(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/16/2)); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c20398201]: Words in [s. 292(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/292/4) inserted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 20(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/20/5); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523811]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14523821]: [1978 c. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1978/44).
[^c14523831]: [S. 296(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/296/3) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.88](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/88); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20398231]: Words in [s. 296(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/296/3) substituted (1.10.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 57(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/57/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2), [Sch. 1 para. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/schedule/1/paragraph/21); [S.I. 2004/2566](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566), [art. 3(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/3/b) (with [arts. 4-8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2566/article/4))
[^c14523881]: Words in [s. 298](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/298) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(19)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/1/paragraph/56/19) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/202))
[^c14523891]: [S. 298](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/298): Definition of post repealed (26.3.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1149](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149), [art. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/article/3/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/schedule/2)
[^c14524391]: Entry in s. 299 relating to affecting employees inserted (28.7.1999) by [S.I. 1999/1925](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925), [reg. 7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/1925/regulation/7)
[^c14524411]: Entries in s. 299 inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 89](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/89); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14524431]: Entries in s. 299 repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14524471]: Entry in s. 299 inserted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 7(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/7/2)
[^c14524511]: Entry in s. 299 relating to post repealed (26.3.2001) by [S.I. 2001/1149](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149), [art. 3(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/article/3/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/1149/schedule/2)
[^c14524581]: Entry in s. 299 substituted (26.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/2587](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587), [reg. 7(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2587/regulation/7/3)
[^c14524641]: Words in [s. 301(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/301/1) inserted (1.8.1998) by [1998 c. 8](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8), [s. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/section/15), [Sch. 1 para. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/8/schedule/1/paragraph/10); [S.I. 1998/1658](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1998/1658/schedule/1)
[^c14524651]: [1875 c. 86](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1875/86).
[^c14524661]: Words in [s. 301(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/301/3) substituted (1.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/1980 (N.I. 12)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980), [art. 150(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/article/150/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/schedule/2); [S.R. 1995/354](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354/article/2/1)
[^c20400451]: [Sch. A1 para. 18A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/18A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20400501]: [Sch. A1 paras. 19-19B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/19) substituted (6.4.2005) for Sch. A1 para. 19 by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402751]: [Sch. A1 para. 27A-27F](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/27A) inserted (1.10.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 10(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/10/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/2419](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419), [art. 3(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/3/a) (with [arts. 5-7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/5))
[^c20400631]: [Sch. A1 paras. 19C-19F](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/19C) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 5(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/5/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20402971]: [Sch. A1 para. 99A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/99A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 12(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/12/4), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20403871]: [Sch. A1 paras. 119A-119I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/119A) inserted (1.10.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 13(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/13/1), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/2419](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/3) (with [arts. 5-7](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/2419/article/5))
[^c14524691]: [Sch. A1 para. 156](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/156) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524701]: [Sch. A1 para. 157](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/157) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524711]: [Sch A1 para. 158](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/paragraph/158) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524721]: [Sch. A1 para. 159](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/159) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524731]: [Sch. A1 para. 160](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/160) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/a)
[^c14524741]: [Sch. A1 para. 161](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) modified (6.6.2000) [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/b) [Sch. A1 paras. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524751]: [Sch. A1 para. 162](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/162) modified (6.6.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 3(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/3/1/b) [Sch. A1 paras. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524761]: [Sch. A1 paras. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524791]: [Sch. A1 para. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.12.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c14524801]: [Sch. A1 para. 161-165](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/161) applied (with modifications) (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1828](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828), [art. 2(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1828/article/2/6)
[^c20404131]: [Sch. A1 paras. 166(1)-(2B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166/1) substituted for Sch. A1 paras. 166(1)(2) (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 15(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/15/2), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20404171]: Words in [Sch. A1 para. 166(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166/3) substituted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 15(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/15/3), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4/a) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20408851]: [Sch. A1 para. 166A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166A) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/16), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20408911]: [Sch. A1 para. 166B](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/166B) inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/17), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524811]: [1971 c. 80](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/80).
[^c20404061]: [Sch. A1 para. 165A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/165A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/14), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20408981]: [Sch. A1 paras. 169A-169C](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/169A) and preceding cross-headings inserted (31.12.2004) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/18), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2004/3342](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/4) (with [arts. 6-12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/3342/article/6))
[^c20409181]: [Sch. A1 para. 170A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/170A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/19), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c20409221]: [Sch. A1 para. 171A](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1/paragraph/171A) and preceding cross-heading inserted (6.4.2005) by [Employment Relations Act 2004 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24), [ss. 20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/20), [59(2)-(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/24/section/59/2); [S.I. 2005/872](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524671]: [Sch. A1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1) (paras. 1-173) inserted (6.6.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 1(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/1/3), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/1); [S.I. 2000/1338](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338), [art. 2(d)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1338/article/2/d)
[^c14524681]: [Sch. A1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1) (paras. 1-173) applied (14.8.2000) by [S.I. 2000/1282](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1282), [art. 2(5)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/1282/article/2/5/a)
[^c20417151]: [Sch. A1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/A1) modified (temp. from 6.4.2005) by [The Employment Relations Act 2004 (Commencement No.3 and Transitional Provisions) Order 2005 (S.I. 2005/872)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872), [arts. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/4), [21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/21), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/schedule) (with [arts. 6-21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2005/872/article/6))
[^c14524821]: See s.301(2)(e)
[^c14524851]: [Sch. 2 para. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/1) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2), [Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14524861]: [Sch. 2 para. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/2) repealed (1.1.1996) by [1995 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23), [s. 60(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/section/60/2), [Sch. 8 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/schedule/8/part/I) (with [ss. 54](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/section/54), [55](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/23/section/55)); [S.I. 1995/2181](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2181), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1995/2181/article/2)
[^c14524871]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14524901]: [Sch. 2 para. 4(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/4/4) repealed (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 44](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/44), [Sch. 9(6)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/9/6); [S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/3), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/2/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
[^c14524911]: [Sch. 2 para. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/5) repealed (7.2.1994) by [1993 c. 48](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48), [s. 188](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48/section/188), [Sch. 5 Pt.I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48/schedule/5/part/I) (with [s. 43(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/48/section/43/3)); [S.I. 1994/86](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/86), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/86/article/2)
[^c14524921]: [Sch. 2 para. 11](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/11) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/242), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524931]: [Sch. 2 para. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/12) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524941]: [Sch. 2 para. 13](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/13) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524951]: [Sch. 2 para. 14](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/14) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524961]: [Sch. 2 para. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/15) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch.10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14524971]: [Sch. 2 para. 16](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/16) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524981]: [Sch. 2 para. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/17) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14524991]: [Sch. 2 para. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/18) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525001]: [Sch. 2 para. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/19) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525011]: [Sch. 2 para. 20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/20) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525021]: [Sch. 2 para. 21](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/21) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525031]: [Sch. 2 para. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/22) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525041]: [Sch. 2 para. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/23) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525061]: [Sch. 2 para. 24(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/24/1/2) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525081]: [Sch. 2 para. 24(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/24/3) repealed (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/2503](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/2503/schedule/2)
[^c14525091]: [Sch. 2 para. 25](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/25) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17), [ss. 45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/45), [46](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/46), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/schedule/3/part/I) (with [s. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17/section/38))
[^c14525101]: [Sch. 2 para. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/26) repealed (21.3.1997) by [1995 c. 24](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/24), [s. 13(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/24/section/13/2), [Sch. 2 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/24/schedule/2/part/I); [S.I. 1997/1139](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1139), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1997/1139/article/2)
[^c20417071]: [Sch. 2 para. 27](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/27) repealed (22.7.2004) by [Statute Law (Repeals) Act 2004 (c. 14)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/14), [s. 1(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2004/14/section/1/1), {Sch. 1 Pt. 2 Group 2}
[^c14525121]: [Sch. 2 para. 29](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/29) repealed (15.2.1999) by [1998 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17/section/51), [Sch. 5 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17/schedule/5/part/I) (with [Sch. 3 para. 5(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1998/17/schedule/3/paragraph/5/1)); [S.I. 1999/161](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/161), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/161/article/2/1)
[^c14525131]: [Sch. 2 para. 30](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/30) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525141]: [Sch. 2 para. 32](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/32) repealed (1.9.1994) by [1994 c. 23](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23), [ss. 100(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23/section/100/2), [101(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23/section/101/1), [Sch. 15](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1994/23/schedule/15)
[^c14525151]: [Sch. 2 para. 33](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/33) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525171]: [Sch. 2 para. 34(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/34/1/2) repealed (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 3 Pt. I](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/3/part/I) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14525191]: [Sch. 2 para. 34(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/34/3) repealed (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14525201]: [Sch. 2 para. 40(5)-(9)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/2/paragraph/40/5) repealed (1.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/1980 (N.I. 12)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980), [art. 150(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/article/150/4), [Sch. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/schedule/4); [S.R. 1995/354](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354/article/2/1)
[^c14524831]: See s.301(2)(f)
[^c14525261]: [1946 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1946/52).
[^c14525271]: [1927 c. 22](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1927/22).
[^c14525281]: [1971 c. 72](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1971/72).
[^c14525291]: [1974 c. 52](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1974/52).
[^c14525301]: [1975 c. 71](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1975/71).
[^c14525311]: [1913 c. 30](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1913/30).
[^c14525321]: [1984 c. 49](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1984/49).
[^c14525331]: [1988 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1988/19).
[^c14525341]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c14525351]: [1989 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/40).
[^c14525361]: [1871 c. 31](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1871/31).
[^c14525371]: [1948 c. 38](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1948/38).
[^c14525421]: [Sch. 3 para. 12](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/schedule/3/paragraph/12) repealed (1.10.1995) by [S.I. 1995/1980 (N.I. 12)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980), [art. 150(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/article/150/4), [Sch. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisi/1995/1980/schedule/4); [S.R. 1995/354](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/1995/354/article/2/1)
[^c14525431]: [S.I. 1982/953](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1982/953).
[^c14525251]: See s.301(2)(f)
[^c20418561]: Sch. A2 inserted (6.4.2009) by [Employment Act 2008 (c. 24)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24), [ss. 3(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/3/3), [22(1)(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2008/24/section/22/1/a); [S.I. 2008/3232](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/2) (with [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2008/3232/schedule))
[^c14513111]: [1985 c. 9](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/9).
[^c14513321]: [S. 19(4)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/19/4) inserted (1.12.2001) by [S.I. 2001/3647](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3647), [art. 5](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3647/article/5), [Sch. 3 para. 14(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2001/3647/schedule/3/paragraph/14/2)
[^c14513571]: [1989 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/40).
[^c14513751]: [1989 c. 40](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1989/40).
[^c14515781]: Words in [s. 109(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/109/1) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 58(a)(i)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/58/a/i); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515791]: [S. 109(da)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/109/da) inserted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 58(a)(ii)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/58/a/ii); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515801]: Words in [s. 109(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/109/2) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para. 58(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/58/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch.1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515811]: Words in [s. 110(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/110/1) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.59](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/59); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515821]: Words in [s. 110(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/110/3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para.20](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/20); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515841]: [S. 111(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/111/3) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/2), [Sch. 8 para.60](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/8/paragraph/60); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14515911]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c14515921]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c14516131]: [1985 c. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1985/6).
[^c14516791]: [S. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) renumbered as s. 154(1) and s. 154(2) inserted (30.8.1993) by virtue of [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 1(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/1/b); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c14516801]: Words in [s. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) substituted (22.8.1996) by [1996 c. 18](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18), [ss. 240](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/240), [243](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/243), [Sch. 1 para. 56(8)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/schedule/1/paragraph/56/8) (with [ss. 191-195](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/191), [202](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/18/section/202))
[^c14516811]: Words in [s. 154](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/154) substituted (30.8.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 49(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/49/1), [Sch. 7 para. 1(a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/7/paragraph/1/a); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/1), [Sch. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/1)
[^c20413011]: Words in [s. 156(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/156/1) substituted (1.2.2005) by [Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2004 (S.I. 2004/2989)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989), [art. 3](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989/article/3), [Sch.](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989/schedule) (with [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2004/2989/article/4))
[^c14520321]: Words in [s. 226A(2)(c)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A/2/c) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [s. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [3(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/3/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2)
[^c14520331]: [S. 226A(3A)(3B)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/226A/3A/3B) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [3(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/3/1/3); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2)
[^c14520811]: Words in [S. 234A(3a)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234A/3a) substituted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/2); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14520821]: [S. 234A(5A)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/234A/5A) inserted (18.9.2000) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/4), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45), [Sch. 3 paras. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/1), [11(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/schedule/3/paragraph/11/1/3); [S.I. 2000/2242](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/2/2) (with transitional provisions in [art. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2000/2242/article/4))
[^c14521881]: [1996 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1996/17).
[^c14521891]: [1981 c. 54](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1981/54).
[^c14523011]: Words in s. 279(a) substituted (28.6.1995 for specified purposes and otherwise 1.4.1996) by [1995 c. 17](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17), [ss. 2(1)(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/section/2/1/3), [8(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/section/8/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. III para. 122](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/schedule/1/part/III/paragraph/122) (with [Sch. 2 para. 6](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1995/17/schedule/2/paragraph/6))
[^c14523531]: Words in [s. 288(1)(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/288/1/b) repealed (30.11.1993) by [1993 c. 19](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19), [s. 51](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/section/51), [Sch. 10](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1993/19/schedule/10); [S.I. 1993/1908](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908), [art. 2(2)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/article/2/2), [Sch. 2](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1993/1908/schedule/2)
[^c14523641]: [1990 c. 41](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1990/41).
[^key-800abd30159b766bcda5d883164bf6b6]: [S. 85](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1992/52/section/85) substituted (5.12.2016 for specified purposes) by [Trade Union Act 2016 (c. 15)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15), [ss. 11(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15/section/11/3), [25(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15/section/25/1) (with [s. 11(5)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2016/15/section/11/5)); [S.I. 2016/1170](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2016/1170), [reg. 2(b)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2016/1170/regulation/2/b)
[^M_F_cfee3b91-5482-46f6-dd45-b3de169f72f7]: Word in s. 32A(6)(a) substituted (25.10.1999) by [1999 c. 26](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26), [ss. 28(3)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/28/3), [45](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/1999/26/section/45);[S.I. 1999/2830](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830), [art. 2(1)](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/article/2/1), [Sch. 1 Pt. 1](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/1/part/1) (with [Sch. 3 para. 4](https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1999/2830/schedule/3/paragraph/4))
#### Change of name of employers’ association.
#### Industrial action affecting supply of goods or services to an individual.
#### The Council of ACAS.
#### Construction of references to contract of employment.
#### Registration of instrument of amalgamation or transfer.
#### ACAS.
2005-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2004-12-31
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2004-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2004-07-22
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2004-04-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2004-02-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2003-09-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2003-04-27
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2003-01-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2002-10-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
2002-07-08
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
1998-04-01
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
1992-07-16
Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992 — versión
original version
Text at this date