Employment Rights Act 1996

[^key-d78b684f8ef2f85e29cf3943a7ad0564]: S. 57ZH(4) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(11) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-d7b395b93cadcb01231278468e871c40]: Sch. 2 paras. 7A, 7B inserted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Employment Particulars and Paid Annual Leave) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1378), regs. 1, 9(3)

[^key-d82e344e924e871b03744d1c038759dc]: Words in s. 57ZC(5) substituted (1.10.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 130(2), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 4(c) (with art. 11)

[^key-d86296c1aaf260f5c7487c42ba090bf3]: Words in s. 44(2) substituted (31.5.2021) by The Employment Rights Act 1996 (Protection from Detriment in Health and Safety Cases) (Amendment) Order 2021 (S.I. 2021/618), arts. 1, 3(c)(ii)

[^key-d8884a804b5a369b9d1d06ac5e12e5ef]: Word in s. 1(4)(e) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 5(e) (with reg. 15)

[^key-d8cb341ce2c5e56d7a23e6af4731c8ff]: Words in s. 236(3) inserted (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 117(2), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(1)(a)

[^key-d8eef084fbd22406cf99e7bce8ffc114]: Words in s. 43K(1)(bb) inserted (25.6.2013) by Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (c. 24), ss. 20(3), 103(2) (with s. 24(6))

[^key-d96788f3bcbe5a3128833e5673e0cc2c]: S. 49 applied (with modifications) (30.6.2012) by Pensions Act 2008 (c. 30), ss. 56(2), 149(1) (with s. 56(3)-(6)); S.I. 2012/1682, art. 2, Sch. 2

[^key-d9b89095ab6d4d3eda21a793515b0be6]: Words in s. 171(3)(c) substituted (1.4.2012) by Sovereign Grant Act 2011 (c. 15), s. 15(1), Sch. 1 para. 31

[^key-da178c79428a85e805cf61f2d668218d]: Words in s. 2(2) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Employment Particulars and Paid Annual Leave) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1378), regs. 1, 4(a) (with reg. 8)

[^key-da26afbed26af4fe3f7a7b1a310284da]: Word in s. 80A heading repealed (5.4.2015) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), s. 139(6), Sch. 7 para. 32; S.I. 2014/1640, art. 7(o) (with art. 16)

[^key-da2bf08d0c6fe39a8cf9f25afa8bd542]: S. 4(2)(b)(ii) omitted (6.4.2020) by virtue of The Employment Rights (Employment Particulars and Paid Annual Leave) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1378), regs. 1, 5(c) (with reg. 8)

[^key-da747355a4f7597f24b228396ea5a2ed]: S. 80A applied (with modifications) (25.11.2014) by The Employment Rights Act 1996 (Application of Sections 75A, 75B, 75G, 75H, 80A and 80B to Parental Order Cases) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/3095), regs. 1(1), 4, Sch. 2 (as amended: (3.1.2019) by S.I. 2018/1413, art. 1(1), Sch. 2 para. 8; and (10.3.2026) by S.I. 2026/236, regs. 1(b), 2)

[^key-da76d847f6d48ee283563acef5a4a66e]: Ss. 43ZA, 43ZB inserted (4.5.2016 for specified purposes) by Enterprise Act 2016 (c. 12), s. 44(1)(d), Sch. 5 para. 6

[^key-db248ed9ecda407b8cd91626a6cdb2d9]: Words in s. 166(5)(c) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Insolvency (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/146), reg. 1(3), Sch. para. 253(2)(a)(iii) (with regs. 4, 5); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-db293d22dd0f7834031e2f40af990af4]: S. 80B(6A) substituted (E.W.) (6.4.2016) by The Social Services and Well-being (Wales) Act 2014 (Consequential Amendments) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/413), regs. 2(1), 147(a)

[^key-dbba58280927543cdc462d53477ef187]: Word in s. 27B(5)(a)(ii) omitted (6.1.2026) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 8(5), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(5)

[^key-dbf4c75455751d2eaced897a7a21a798]: S. 75B amendment to earlier affecting provision S.I. 2014/3095, reg. 2 (3.1.2019) by The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (Remedial) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/1413), art. 1(1), Sch. 2 para. 8

[^key-dcb7a33d8c0392e2aa2acf35478d4d57]: Ss. 27D, 27E inserted (E.W.S.) (31.7.2023 for specified purposes, 1.10.2024 in so far as not already in force) by Employment (Allocation of Tips) Act 2023 (c. 13), ss. 2, 14(2); S.I. 2023/876, reg. 3(a); S.I. 2024/829, reg. 3(b)

[^key-dd15718646a1aaf3c1b6d5c1fd6de90b]: Words in s. 1(5) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 5(g) (with reg. 15)

[^key-dd3e8227c0386cc4ea1a209a2246654d]: Words in s. 199(2) inserted (24.7.2023) by Protection from Redundancy (Pregnancy and Family Leave) Act 2023 (c. 17), ss. 1(7)(a), 3(2)

[^key-ddc399ae47252b8371a2d6cc8acbb90d]: S. 207A omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(25) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-ddc84a1d74cb6d12719b3d1c90f851aa]: S. 1(4)(c) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Employment Particulars and Paid Annual Leave) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1378), regs. 1, 3(b)(ii) (with reg. 8)

[^key-dddb05ab437a83d0d84f29d8b2ca18ee]: Words in s. 203(2)(f)(i) substituted (6.4.2014) by The Employment Tribunals Act 1996 (Application of Conciliation Provisions) Order 2014 (S.I. 2014/431), art. 1, Sch. para. 4(a)

[^key-de325f55e7cfec3ceab29858353bc157]: Words in s. 80C(3) repealed (5.4.2015) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), s. 139(6), Sch. 7 para. 34(4)(b); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 7(p) (with art. 16)

[^key-de3cd95ff074477c5466dcacd257b929]: Words in s. 43 heading inserted (4.5.2016 for specified purposes) by Enterprise Act 2016 (c. 12), s. 44(1)(d), Sch. 5 para. 5

[^key-de588501fe074aa821369ce14aaf5c78]: Words in s. 89(3)(b) inserted (4.12.2023) by Carer’s Leave Act 2023 (c. 18), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 7; S.I. 2023/1283, reg. 2

[^key-decc40c1d21038b1cf9cd06c94326156]: S. 166(8ZA) inserted (31.12.2020) by The Insolvency (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/146), reg. 1(3), Sch. para. 253(2)(b) (with regs. 4, 5); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-df82f4e995b76c17ef32ad22071d4d46]: S. 135 modified by SI 2006/246 reg. 7(3)(b) (as substituted (31.1.2014) by The Collective Redundancies and Transfer of Undertakings (Protection of Employment) (Amendment) Regulations 2014 (S.I. 2014/16), regs. 1(2), 8(1) (with reg. 8(2)))

[^key-df83e50d0361b1d97f2aba58f4e947fc]: Words in s. 88(2) inserted (17.1.2025) by Neonatal Care (Leave and Pay) Act 2023 (c. 20), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 26(3); S.I. 2025/41, reg. 2

[^key-dfe67b64a0e5d6355d7cb4011759b817]: S. 75B(3A) inserted (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 118(5)(c), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(1)(b)

[^key-e10ac677060ccd74af53b8f9289ce5f4]: Words in s. 80C(1) repealed (5.4.2015) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), s. 139(6), Sch. 7 para. 34(2); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 7(p) (with art. 16)

[^key-e131c458741e06298fc0779d488749ff]: S. 2(6) omitted (6.4.2020) by virtue of The Employment Rights (Employment Particulars and Paid Annual Leave) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1378), regs. 1, 4(d) (with reg. 8)

[^key-e17533c9bbf4f1ef7d1d2432a03b729c]: Words in s. 124(1) substituted (29.7.2013) by The Unfair Dismissal (Variation of the Limit of Compensatory Award) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013/1949), arts. 1, 2(2) (with art. 4)

[^key-e178dd46b248d0ffc88526ab86de64b2]: S. 44(1A) inserted (31.5.2021) by The Employment Rights Act 1996 (Protection from Detriment in Health and Safety Cases) (Amendment) Order 2021 (S.I. 2021/618), arts. 1, 3(b) (with art. 7(1)-(4))

[^key-e1dabbb9fe78fd929da3146538f349f3]: Word in s. 12(2) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 14 (with reg. 15)

[^key-e1f065141e75f6994328dc71ab8768fc]: Words in s. 235(1) inserted (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), s. 139(6), Sch. 7 para. 42(b); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(2)(k)

[^key-e1ff456c640174406275e02689a1368e]: Words in s. 184(4) substituted (30.11.2016) by The Bankruptcy (Scotland) Act 2016 (Consequential Provisions and Modifications) Order 2016 (S.I. 2016/1034), art. 1, Sch. 1 para. 16(2)(a)

[^key-e27fc701f9968cf3448188b572d957a9]: S. 80C(2)(ba) inserted (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), s. 139(6), Sch. 7 para. 34(3)(d); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(2)(h)

[^key-e38ee4ff6af402e19860ba343d328a6c]: Pt. 2A Ch. 1 heading inserted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 1(3), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(2)(a)

[^key-e41bbf21835ea29556869609d79d7b3e]: Words in s. 235(1) inserted (17.1.2025) by Neonatal Care (Leave and Pay) Act 2023 (c. 20), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 29(a); S.I. 2025/41, reg. 2

[^key-e57b49c9f428e7caf1ea281527b7697a]: Words in s. 74(1) inserted (24.7.2023) by Protection from Redundancy (Pregnancy and Family Leave) Act 2023 (c. 17), ss. 2(2), 3(2)

[^key-e57c38d3110e695cd6e4f5d89c944092]: S. 47G inserted (1.9.2013) by Growth and Infrastructure Act 2013 (c. 27), ss. 31(2), 35(1); S.I. 2013/1766, art. 2

[^key-e5cecbbeb646a53c3923c84d89bbf6ae]: Words in s. 218(10)(b) substituted (1.4.2013) by Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7), s. 306(4), Sch. 5 para. 75(c); S.I. 2013/160, art. 2(2) (with arts. 7-9)

[^key-e65223d8d5b12327beae75ea2d911cd9]: S. 202(2)(ea) inserted (4.12.2023) by Carer’s Leave Act 2023 (c. 18), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 14; S.I. 2023/1283, reg. 2

[^key-e6801331991796269e1430a33cfcf34e]: Words in s. 80D(3) substituted (6.1.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 27(5)(b), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(12)(b)

[^key-e6f3baccee33ce02eeaa126db4e60b8d]: Ss. 27I, 27J and cross-heading inserted (E.W.S.) (31.7.2023 for specified purposes, 1.10.2024 in so far as not already in force) by Employment (Allocation of Tips) Act 2023 (c. 13), ss. 6, 14(2); S.I. 2023/876, reg. 3(a); S.I. 2024/829, reg. 3(f)

[^key-e702f5b991d70fc479e0f167d7188e3a]: Words in s. 3(1)(aa) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 7 (with reg. 15)

[^key-e812edefb173b7e34901a20983dda7f0]: Words in s. 6(a) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 10(b) (with reg. 15)

[^key-e87d69af3bdf5c36b5b6c12bc577184c]: Words in s. 50 substituted (1.7.2022) by Health and Care Act 2022 (c. 31), s. 186(6), Sch. 1 para. 1(1)(2); S.I. 2022/734, reg. 2(a), Sch. (with regs. 13, 29, 30)

[^key-e87fbd9b186f81d414bdd2e86e484ea9]: Words in s. 57(4) substituted (1.10.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 130(1), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 4(c) (with art. 11)

[^key-e8b4503cc39f98c52d86cf6f8d86e1a7]: Ss. 210-219 applied (1.4.2023) by The Agricultural Wages (Wales) Order 2023 (S.I. 2023/260), arts. 1, 2(3)

[^key-e8caf305e68af9e1cfbc93be32ca9720]: S. 80(2A) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(21) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-e8f919d54a2bbf2fca13be2e60ce7f4c]: S. 80H(7) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(22) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-ea57756421cd7cccda247f47dc5ea953]: S. 105(7K) omitted (31.12.2020) by virtue of The Companies, Limited Liability Partnerships and Partnerships (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/348), reg. 2, Sch. 3 para. 6; 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-ea7f53f7a33fe2617eedcc7d388e8e5f]: Words in s. 134A(3) substituted (7.10.2013) by Crime and Courts Act 2013 (c. 22), s. 61(2), Sch. 8 para. 51; S.I. 2013/1682, art. 3(v)

[^key-ea95bcd6fb452ef7cab6b1e849c68642]: Words in s. 2(5) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 6(b) (with reg. 15)

[^key-eb0554544489cf06e9b6c58605397009]: S. 57(2A) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(8) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-eb444881ab9745c6912305e32c3110aa]: S. 218(10)(a) omitted (1.4.2013) by virtue of Health and Social Care Act 2012 (c. 7), s. 306(4), Sch. 5 para. 75(b); S.I. 2013/160, art. 2(2) (with arts. 7-9)

[^key-eb8cdb1919bf7eed61ba6a8f147efc38]: Word in s. 1(4)(d)(i) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 5(d) (with reg. 15)

[^key-ebf2b7f6e57d115c766efc34931dcf03]: S. 202A and cross-heading inserted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 24(2), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(10)(b)

[^key-ec102f81b81d2659cd718d9fffe8d0a4]: Words in Sch. 2 para. 7(2) inserted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Employment Particulars and Paid Annual Leave) (Amendment) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/1378), regs. 1, 9(2)(b)

[^key-ec1463600269d8524afe84a1c428e5e0]: S. 27G inserted (E.W.S.) (31.7.2023 for specified purposes, 1.10.2024 in so far as not already in force) by Employment (Allocation of Tips) Act 2023 (c. 13), ss. 4, 14(2); S.I. 2023/876, reg. 3(a); S.I. 2024/829, reg. 3(d)

[^key-ec1831f3d48d98686d64ee6a9cec9646]: S. 27B(6)(b) inserted (6.1.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 8(6)(b), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(5)

[^key-ec57b9e87c5c3eb76f3d8adc3ea2a2f7]: S. 75B(9) substituted (3.1.2019) by The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (Remedial) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/1413), art. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 11(11)

[^key-ecba05044c3f31cf6cb060361185cb30]: Word in s. 7A(2) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 11(b) (with reg. 15)

[^key-ecc27b1e9f58d777d52d949ee7c37e31]: Words in s. 44(4) inserted (31.5.2021) by The Employment Rights Act 1996 (Protection from Detriment in Health and Safety Cases) (Amendment) Order 2021 (S.I. 2021/618), arts. 1, 3(e)

[^key-ecd6e432489b7304abc7c6a385d4673d]: Words in s. 43K(1)(c)(ii) inserted (25.6.2013) by Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (c. 24), ss. 20(4)(b), 103(2) (with s. 24(6))

[^key-ed5a67b9d273d86ace9ec76472782b88]: Words in s. 88(1)(c) inserted (18.1.2020) by Parental Bereavement (Leave and Pay) Act 2018 (c. 24), s. 2(2), Sch. para. 25(2); S.I. 2020/45, reg. 2

[^key-ee0bd9531f1d7a30d571fc7ea366a51b]: S. 44(1)(e) omitted (31.5.2021) by virtue of The Employment Rights Act 1996 (Protection from Detriment in Health and Safety Cases) (Amendment) Order 2021 (S.I. 2021/618), arts. 1, 3(a) (with art. 7(1)-(4))

[^key-ee2cefe80e897f7e3e1819c0b9309e0f]: Word in s. 80H(1) repealed (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 133(2)(a), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(1)(m) (with art. 10)

[^key-ee7135ae7e8f137a223fddd7ed3660b5]: S. 80AA repealed (5.4.2015) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 125(1), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 6(b) (with art. 14)

[^key-eee36ad9c16b82d2c8c313b75c2e3669]: S. 75C(1)(a)(b) substituted for s. 75C(1)(a)(b) and words (24.7.2023) by Protection from Redundancy (Pregnancy and Family Leave) Act 2023 (c. 17), ss. 2(3), 3(2)

[^key-eef480d17048421cef367dbd9056e003]: S. 164(5) inserted (6.4.2014) by Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (c. 24), s. 103(3), Sch. 2 para. 34; S.I. 2014/253, art. 3(g)

[^key-ef7458898dfc89c71cc9b314173d9654]: S. 236(4A)(4B) inserted (6.1.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 153, 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(35)

[^key-efa1a90f0dbf12f12cf7842c6698857a]: Words in s. 235(2B) inserted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), s. 159(3), Sch. 2 para. 29(c); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(36)(d)

[^key-efc00b14cb4d1a6801f900c3c085a6af]: S. 104A(1)(c) modified (E.W.) (30.7.2014) by Agricultural Sector (Wales) Act 2014 (anaw 6), ss. 5(8), 19 (with s. 14(1))

[^key-f1a016408ba328e9018008c2e5ff6f1d]: Word in s. 183(2)(a)(i) substituted (6.4.2016) by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (Consequential Amendments) (Bankruptcy) and the Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 (Consequential Amendments) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/481), reg. 1, Sch. 1 para. 18

[^key-f1aff8ab3e96b4ccf8b1603dcf6661b4]: S. 191(2)(ba) inserted (24.7.2023) by Protection from Redundancy (Pregnancy and Family Leave) Act 2023 (c. 17), ss. 1(3), 3(2)

[^key-f2f67382e57dfab54c8872a427de32dc]: Pt. 8 Ch. 5 inserted (17.1.2025) by Neonatal Care (Leave and Pay) Act 2023 (c. 20), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 2; S.I. 2025/41, reg. 2

[^key-f32a342d838c27299c1d792bf6691e82]: Word in s. 7A(4) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 11(b) (with reg. 15)

[^key-f3d6e1fc8674405932ad05a09dd378d5]: S. 80F(2)(c) and word omitted (6.4.2024) by virtue of Employment Relations (Flexible Working) Act 2023 (c. 33), ss. 1(2)(b), 2(2) (with s. 1(7)); S.I. 2024/438, reg. 2

[^key-f414ce56669b0f72ab4dd04380144080]: S. 80G(1A)-(1C) inserted (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 132(3), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(1)(l) (with art. 10)

[^key-f5048ad747e7b55dee02f7c4588c533f]: S. 63C(2A) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(17) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-f52ec5f254f2722adaf606d512c83ceb]: Definitions in s. 235(1) inserted (5.4.2015) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 128(2)(e), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 6(d)

[^key-f5326a98436c073f4f2dd56b980eecd7]: Pt. 8 Ch. 1B (ss. 75E-75K) inserted (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 117(1), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(1)(a)

[^key-f5c7836dc6af93165f7d51fbb3e5adc2]: Words in s. 205A(13) substituted (31.12.2020) by The International Accounting Standards and European Public Limited-Liability Company (Amendment etc.) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/685), reg. 1(2), Sch. 3 para. 18; 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-f62d47eb5dd73f7fb785b80808bd86de]: S. 63I(7) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(18) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-f6ba2bb5d5ef42c48b4c7c13127c772a]: Words in s. 43C(1) omitted (25.6.2013) by virtue of Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (c. 24), ss. 18(1)(a), 103(2) (with s. 24(6))

[^key-f75f96b1b1607c31cba2f974085c6e11]: S. 47C(2)(cb) inserted (18.1.2020) by Parental Bereavement (Leave and Pay) Act 2018 (c. 24), s. 2(2), Sch. para. 22; S.I. 2020/45, reg. 2

[^key-f7b3dbaf2aea37317a8c3a32c7046d77]: S. 111A inserted (29.7.2013) by Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (c. 24), ss. 14, 103(3) (with s. 24(4)); S.I. 2013/1648, art. 2(a)

[^key-f7c9b19ba9d094e6df19dc0bec5ab3ba]: Words in s. 75C(1)(b) inserted (6.1.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 27(3), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(12)(b)

[^key-f7d1bb7802362af42279bf674d8b0e7b]: Words in s. 50(2)(d) repealed (S.) (31.8.2015) by The Public Services Reform (Inspection and Monitoring of Prisons) (Scotland) Order 2015 (S.S.I. 2015/39), art. 1, Sch. para. 5(a)

[^key-f8279e964027345fb73c8c9e0bfa335e]: S. 183(4ZA) inserted (31.12.2020) by The Insolvency (Amendment) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/146), reg. 1(3), Sch. para. 253(3)(b) (with regs. 4, 5); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-f866dd5ac03124665323eee646aec45c]: S. 49(5ZA) inserted (31.5.2021) by The Employment Rights Act 1996 (Protection from Detriment in Health and Safety Cases) (Amendment) Order 2021 (S.I. 2021/618), arts. 1, 5(c)

[^key-f8f649736818670e8692130853ea8a90]: S. 27(1)(ce) inserted (17.1.2025) by Neonatal Care (Leave and Pay) Act 2023 (c. 20), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 21; S.I. 2025/41, reg. 2

[^key-f90d93640898bc2529fe69b9c260134a]: Word in s. 12(1) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Employment Rights (Miscellaneous Amendments) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/731), regs. 1(2), 14 (with reg. 15)

[^key-fa081764faddf3d4fe954119d4ce75ec]: S. 34(2A) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(4) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-fa8dab55f79ce7f1e49fd51cce832ccc]: Words in s. 89(4) substituted (5.4.2015) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), s. 139(6), Sch. 7 para. 38(3)(a); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 7(s) (with art. 16)

[^key-fafe71f73b332f3758b7dd667bde8cb3]: Word in s. 104(4)(c) inserted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 65(12), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(22)

[^key-fb2102d99c348e111e760f3b928ff1d8]: Words in s. 89(4) inserted (17.1.2025) by Neonatal Care (Leave and Pay) Act 2023 (c. 20), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 27(3); S.I. 2025/41, reg. 2

[^key-fb9ed15b86e43ef2418d01351082ccdd]: S. 60(2A) substituted (31.12.2020) by The Cross-Border Mediation (EU Directive) (EU Exit) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/469), reg. 1(1), Sch. 1 para. 12(15) (with reg. 5) (as amended by S.I. 2020/1493, regs. 1(1), 4(5)(6)); 2020 c. 1, Sch. 5 para. 1(1)

[^key-fc42ed0ca5d76b61bac93abd4fcf41fc]: S. 104C(1)(b) repealed (30.6.2014) by Children and Families Act 2014 (c. 6), ss. 132(5)(e), 139(6); S.I. 2014/1640, art. 3(1)(l) (with art. 10)

[^key-fd45f3f3d22bb33b1d31881aadd24e78]: Word in s. 166(6)(a)(i) substituted (6.4.2016) by The Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (Consequential Amendments) (Bankruptcy) and the Small Business, Enterprise and Employment Act 2015 (Consequential Amendments) Regulations 2016 (S.I. 2016/481), reg. 1, Sch. 1 para. 18

[^key-fd87bbedde38ad11e7d245cf0d59fb5f]: S. 47C(2)(bc) inserted (4.12.2023) by Carer’s Leave Act 2023 (c. 18), s. 3(3), Sch. para. 5; S.I. 2023/1283, reg. 2

[^key-fed13a0a0d83258bce325cd8c98b6fae]: Words in s. 43G(1)(b) substituted (25.6.2013) by Enterprise and Regulatory Reform Act 2013 (c. 24), ss. 18(2)(b), 103(2) (with s. 24(6))

[^key-ffd5e6996ebd7e82f7b6fbec769b4725]: S. 75H amendment to earlier affecting provision S.I. 2014/3095, reg. 3, Sch. 1 (3.1.2019) by The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 2008 (Remedial) Order 2018 (S.I. 2018/1413), art. 1(1), Sch. 2 para. 8

[^M_F_123d1164-a15e-43fd-e7e5-de2487d5e28f]: Words in s. 200(1) repealed (15.12.1999) by 1999 c. 26, s. 9, Sch. 4 Pt. III para. 35(d); S.I. 1999/2830, art. 2(2), Sch. 1 Pt. II (with Sch. 3 paras. 10, 11)

[^M_F_4764bd92-5998-4331-9a7c-36d25ee5d680]: Words in s. 235(1) substituted (8.12.2002) by Employment Act 2002 (c. 22), s. 55(2), 53, Sch. 7 para. 48(3); The Employment Act 2002 (Commencement No. 3 and Transitional and Saving Provisions) Order 2002 (S.I. 2002/2866), art. 2(2), Sch. 1 Pt. 2

[^M_F_a51100ec-dcb7-4503-c2f3-f878b5f2c773]: S. 105(7JA) inserted (30.6.2012) by Pensions Act 2008 (c. 30), ss. 57(4), 149(1); S.I. 2012/1682, art. 2, Sch. 2

[^M_F_aa6b33f8-3149-412f-ffaf-e0cece0e43b7]: S. 105(7N) substituted (6.4.2020) by The Agency Workers (Amendment) Regulations 2019 (S.I. 2019/794), regs. 1(1), 8(2) (with reg. 7)

[^key-b718da4b88ba71f1d505580d24f2e607]: Words in s. 104(4)(c) substituted (18.2.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 76(5), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 3(7)

[^key-6a21e5b400241e9be85d798b9d088b5e]: Ss. 104I-104K inserted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 for specified purposes) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 28(3), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(13)(b); S.I. 2026/323, reg. 3(1)(5)(b)

[^key-f38071189c9c6fad9ee2eeb8248846d9]: S. 80A(4A) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 17(1)(a), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(8), 3(4), 4(4) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-f0e3bf981ae752d65e7995bc9a758b93]: S. 80B(4A) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 17(2)(a), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(8), 3(4), 4(4) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-ea44a9c0c4e8aaf3c8f95cc8614d35d2]: Pt. 10 modified (6.4.2026) by The Bereaved Partner’s Paternity Leave Regulations 2026 (S.I. 2026/237), regs. 1(b), 16 (with reg. 2(5))

[^key-3ab9df45e97819249386b6ff67f8fa95]: Pt. 2 applied (with modifications) (6.4.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 51(3), 159(3); S.I. 2026/323, reg. 3(1)(21)

[^key-c0962b1c426dbd0fb9449ebe93ee72c7]: S. 76(1)(a) omitted (18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 15, 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 3(2), 4(2) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-1d3e17fc49dc400e89fec4d005206df4]: S. 80A(1)(a) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 16(1)(a), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(7), 3(3), 4(3) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-8360ba632bf232f010a4599ae5301ef3]: S. 80B(1)(a) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 16(2)(a), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(7), 3(3), 4(3) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-161a3126427faac27c0378af2b986d7f]: S. 80A(6A)(a) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 16(1)(b), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(7), 3(3), 4(3) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-75be1079ea383cfd2407c9729f5a93d6]: S. 80B(6C)(a) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 16(2)(b), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(7), 3(3), 4(3) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-c072a9d93f5e7ef1e8723b14c96db63c]: S. 80A(6A)(c) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 17(1)(b), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(8), 3(4), 4(4) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-256853c44060f6d4cbc379633ec68d3f]: S. 80B(6C)(c) omitted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 18.2.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by virtue of Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 17(2)(b), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, regs. 2(8), 3(4), 4(4) (with Sch. 1)

[^key-78f480ab6874fa838a5b2c62f47c3358]: Words in s. 80EH(1)(b) inserted (6.1.2026 for specified purposes, 6.4.2026 in so far as not already in force) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 27(6), 159(3); S.I. 2026/3, reg. 2(12)(b); S.I. 2026/323, reg. 3(1)(4)

[^key-93436e1544a9b479e8a58fce1449ef0b]: Sum in s. 27M(1) substituted (6.4.2026) by The Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2026 (S.I. 2026/310), art. 1(2), Sch. (with art. 4)

[^key-b405deb5691fa04c8f9369371b4d86e7]: Sum in s. 27O(2) substituted (6.4.2026) by The Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2026 (S.I. 2026/310), art. 1(2), Sch. (with art. 4)

[^key-bc160ef4e158b465d71727fccde0038e]: Sum in s. 31(1) substituted (6.4.2026) by The Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2026 (S.I. 2026/310), art. 1(2), Sch. (with art. 4)

[^key-edcbf00264db611a99cb251370d0e5aa]: S. 43B(1)(da) inserted (6.4.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 23(2), 159(3); S.I. 2026/323, reg. 3(1)(2)

[^key-ff5a127624ba064478fc8456d067a0ab]: Words in s. 43L(1) inserted (6.4.2026) by Employment Rights Act 2025 (c. 36), ss. 23(3), 159(3); S.I. 2026/323, reg. 3(1)(2)

[^key-cb0ec6fac40068fcb0efaba2e8178d0a]: Sum in s. 120(1) substituted (6.4.2026) by The Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2026 (S.I. 2026/310), art. 1(2), Sch. (with art. 4)

[^key-b8342a5a44b807192d2688058d4cdad9]: Sum in s. 124(1ZA)(a) substituted (6.4.2026) by The Employment Rights (Increase of Limits) Order 2026 (S.I. 2026/310), art. 1(2), Sch. (with art. 4)