| 6A005 |
“Lasers”, other than those specified in 0B001.g.5. or 0B001.h.6., components and optical equipment, as follows: N.B.: SEE ALSO 6A205. Note 1: Pulsed “lasers” include those that run in a continuous wave (CW) mode with pulses superimposed. Note 2: Excimer, semiconductor, chemical, CO, CO2, and ‘non-repetitive pulsed’ Nd:glass “lasers” are only specified in 6A005.d. Technical Note: ‘Non-repetitive pulsed’ refers to “lasers” that produce either a single output pulse or that have a time interval between pulses exceeding one minute. Note 3: 6A005 includes fibre “lasers”. Note 4: The control status of “lasers” incorporating frequency conversion (i.e., wavelength change) by means other than one “laser” pumping another “laser” is determined by applying the control parameters for both the output of the source “laser” and the frequency-converted optical output. Note 5: 6A005 does not control “lasers” as follows: a. Ruby with output energy below 20 J; b. Nitrogen; c. Krypton. Technical Note: In 6A005 ‘Wall-plug efficiency’ is defined as the ratio of “laser” output power (or “average output power”) to total electrical input power required to operate the “laser”, including the power supply/conditioning and thermal conditioning/heat exchanger. a. Non-“tunable” continuous wave “(CW) lasers” having any of the following: 1. Output wavelength less than 150 nm and output power exceeding 1 W; 2. Output wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 510 nm and output power exceeding 30 W; Note: 6A005.a.2. does not control Argon “lasers” having an output power equal to or less than 50 W. 3. Output wavelength exceeding 510 nm but not exceeding 540 nm and any of the following: a. Single transverse mode output and output power exceeding 50 W; or b. Multiple transverse mode output and output power exceeding 150 W; 4. Output wavelength exceeding 540 nm but not exceeding 800 nm and output power exceeding 30 W; 5. Output wavelength exceeding 800 nm but not exceeding 975 nm and any of the following: a. Single transverse mode output and output power exceeding 50 W; or b. Multiple transverse mode output and output power exceeding 80 W; 6. Output wavelength exceeding 975 nm but not exceeding 1 150 nm and any of the following: a. Single transverse mode and output power exceeding 200 W; or b. Multiple transverse mode output and any of the following: 1. ‘Wall-plug efficiency’ exceeding 18 % and output power exceeding 500 W; or 2. Output power exceeding 2 kW; Note 1: 6A005.a.6.b. does not control multiple transverse mode, industrial “lasers” with output power exceeding 2 kW and not exceeding 6 kW with a total mass greater than 1 200 kg. For the purpose of this note, total mass includes all components required to operate the “laser”, e.g., “laser”, power supply, heat exchanger, but excludes external optics for beam conditioning and/or delivery. Note 2: 6A005.a.6.b. does not control multiple transverse mode, industrial “lasers” having any of the following: a. Output power exceeding 500 W but not exceeding 1 kW and having all of the following: 1. Beam Parameter Product (BPP) exceeding 0,7 mmߦmrad; and 2. ‘Brightness’ not exceeding 1 024 W/( mmߦmrad)2; b. Output power exceeding 1 kW but not exceeding 1,6 kW and having a BPP exceeding 1,25 mmߦmrad c. Output power exceeding 1,6 kW but not exceeding 2,5 kW and having a BPP exceeding 1,7 mmߦmrad; d. Output power exceeding 2,5 kW but not exceeding 3,3 kW and having a BPP exceeding 2,5 mmߦmrad; e. Output power exceeding 3,3 kW but not exceeding 4 kW and having a BPP exceeding 3,5 mmߦmrad; f. Output power exceeding 4 kW but not exceeding 5 kW and having a BPP exceeding 5 mmߦmrad; g. Output power exceeding 5 kW but not exceeding 6 kW and having a BPP exceeding 7,2 mmߦmrad; h. Output power exceeding 6 kW but not exceeding 8 kW and having a BPP exceeding 12 mmߦmrad; or i. Output power exceeding 8 kW but not exceeding 10 kW and having a BPP exceeding 24 mmߦmrad. Technical Note: For the purpose of 6A005.a.6.b. Note 2.a., ‘brightness’ is defined as the output power of the “laser” divided by the squared Beam Parameter Product (BPP), i.e., (output power)/BPP2. 7. Output wavelength exceeding 1 150 nm but not exceeding 1 555 nm and of the following: a. Single transverse mode and output power exceeding 50 W; or b. Multiple transverse mode and output power exceeding 80 W; or 8. Output wavelength exceeding 1 555 nm and output power exceeding 1 W; |
3.A.2 |
N. B. See also in correspondence to 6A205 |
| 6A005 |
b. Non-“tunable”“pulsed lasers” having any of the following: 1. Output wavelength less than 150 nm and any of the following: a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 1 W; or b. “Average output power” exceeding 1 W; 2. Output wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 510 nm and any of the following: a. Output energy exceeding 1,5 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 30 W; or b. “Average output power” exceeding 30 W; Note: 6A005.b.2.b. does not control Argon “lasers” having an “average output power” equal to or less than 50 W. 3. Output wavelength exceeding 510 nm but not exceeding 540 nm and any of the following: a. Single transverse mode output and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 1,5 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 50 W; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 50 W; or b. Multiple transverse mode output and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 1,5 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 150 W; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 150 W; 4. Output wavelength exceeding 540 nm but not exceeding 800 nm and any of the following: a. “Pulse duration” less than 1 ps and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 0,005 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 5 GW; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 20 W; or b. “Pulse duration” equal to or exceeding 1 ps and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 1,5 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 30 W; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 30 W; 5. Output wavelength exceeding 800 nm but not exceeding 975 nm and any of the following: a. “Pulse duration” less than 1 ps and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 0,005 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 5 GW; or 2. Single transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 20 W; b. “Pulse duration” equal to or exceeding 1 ps and not exceeding 1 μs and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 0,5 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 50 W; 2. Single transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 20 W; or 3. Multiple transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 50 W; or c. “Pulse duration” exceeding 1 μs and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 50 W; 2. Single transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 50 W; or 3. Multiple transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 80 W; 6. Output wavelength exceeding 975 nm but not exceeding 1 150 nm and any of the following: a. “Pulse duration” of less than 1 ps, and any of following: 1. Output “peak power” exceeding 2 GW per pulse; 2. “Average output power” exceeding 10 W; or 3. Output energy exceeding 0,002 J per pulse; b. “Pulse duration” equal to or exceeding 1 ps and less than 1 ns and any of the following: 1. Output “peak power” exceeding 5 GW per pulse; 2. “Average output power” exceeding 10 W; or 3. Output energy exceeding 0,1 J per pulse; c. “Pulse duration” equal to or exceeding 1 ns but not exceeding 1 μs, and any of the following: 1. Single transverse mode output and any of the following: a. “Peak power” exceeding 100 MW; b. “Average output power” exceeding 20 W limited by design to a maximum pulse repetition frequency less than or equal to 1 kHz; c. ‘Wall-plug efficiency’ exceeding 12 %, “average output power” exceeding 100 W and capable of operating at a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz; d. “Average output power” exceeding 150 W and capable of operating at a pulse repetition frequency greater than 1 kHz; or e. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse; or 2. Multiple transverse mode output and any of the following: a. “Peak power” exceeding 400 MW; b. ‘Wall-plug efficiency’ exceeding 18 % and “average output power” exceeding 500 W; c. “Average output power” exceeding 2 kW; or d. Output energy exceeding 4 J per pulse; or d. “Pulse duration” exceeding 1 μs and any of the following: 1. Single transverse mode output and any of the following: a. “Peak power” exceeding 500 kW; b. ‘Wall-plug efficiency’ exceeding 12 % and “average output power” exceeding 100 W; or c. “Average output power” exceeding 150 W; or 2. Multiple transverse mode output and any of the following: a. “Peak power” exceeding 1 MW; b. ‘Wall-plug efficiency’ exceeding 18 % and “average output power” exceeding 500 W; or c. “Average output power” exceeding 2 kW; 7. Output wavelength exceeding 1 150 nm but not exceeding 1 555 nm, and any of the following: a. “Pulse duration” not exceeding 1 μs and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 0,5 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 50 W; 2. Single transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 20 W; or 3. Multiple transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 50 W; or b. “Pulse duration” exceeding 1 μs and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 50 W; 2. Single transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 50 W; or 3. Multiple transverse mode output and “average output power” exceeding 80 W; or 8. Output wavelength exceeding 1 555 nm and any of the following: a. Output energy exceeding 100 mJ per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 1 W; or b. “Average output power” exceeding 1 W; c. “Tunable”“lasers” having any of the following: 1. Output wavelength less than 600 nm and any of the following: a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 1 W; or b. Average or CW output power exceeding 1 W; Note: 6A005.c.1. does not control dye lasers or other liquid lasers, having a multimode output and a wavelength of 150 nm or more but not exceeding 600 nm and all of the following: 1. Output energy less than 1,5 J per pulse or a “peak power” less than 20 W; and 2. Average or CW output power less than 20 W. 2. Output wavelength of 600 nm or more but not exceeding 1 400 nm, and any of the following: a. Output energy exceeding 1 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 20 W; or b. Average or CW output power exceeding 20 W; or 3. Output wavelength exceeding 1 400 nm and any of the following: a. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 1 W; or b. Average or CW output power exceeding 1 W; d. Other “lasers”, not specified in 6A005.a., 6A005.b. or 6A005.c. as follows: 1. Semiconductor “lasers” as follows: Note 1: 6A005.d.1. includes semiconductor “lasers” having optical output connectors (e.g., fibre optic pigtails). Note 2: The control status of semiconductor “lasers” specially designed for other equipment is determined by the control status of the other equipment. a. Individual single-transverse mode semiconductor “lasers” having any of the following: 1. Wavelength equal to or less than 1 510 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 1,5 W; or 2. Wavelength greater than 1 510 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 500 mW; b. Individual, multiple-transverse mode semiconductor “lasers” having any of the following: 1. Wavelength of less than 1 400 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 15W; 2. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1 400 nm and less than 1 900 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 2,5 W; or 3. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1 900 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 1 W; c. Individual semiconductor “laser”‘bars’, having any of the following: 1. Wavelength of less than 1 400 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 100 W; 2. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1 400 nm and less than 1 900 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 25 W; or 3. Wavelength equal to or greater than 1 900 nm and average or CW output power, exceeding 10 W; d. Semiconductor “laser”‘stacked arrays’ (two-dimensional arrays) having any of the following: 1. Wavelength less than 1 400 nm and having any of the following: a. Average or CW total output power less than 3 kW and having average or CW output ‘power density’ greater than 500 W/cm2; b. Average or CW total output power equal to or exceeding 3 kW but less than or equal to 5 kW, and having average or CW output ‘power density’ greater than 350 W/cm2; c. Average or CW total output power exceeding 5 kW; d. Peak pulsed ‘power density’ exceeding 2 500 W/cm2; or e. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, greater than 150 W; 2. Wavelength greater than or equal to 1 400 nm but less than 1 900 nm, and having any of the following: a. Average or CW total output power less than 250 W and average or CW output ‘power density’ greater than 150 W/cm2; b. Average or CW total output power equal to or exceeding 250 W but less than or equal to 500 W, and having average or CW output ‘power density’ greater than 50 W/cm2; c. Average or CW total output power exceeding 500 W; d. Peak pulsed ‘power density’ exceeding 500 W/cm2; or e. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, exceeding 15 W; 3. Wavelength greater than or equal to 1 900 nm and having any of the following: a. Average or CW output ‘power density’ greater than 50 W/cm2; b. Average or CW output power greater than 10 W; or c. Spatially coherent average or CW total output power, exceeding 1,5 W; or 4. At least one “laser”‘bar’ specified in 6A005.d.1.c.; Technical Note: For the purposes of 6A005.d.1.d., ‘power density’ means the total “laser” output power divided by the emitter surface area of the ‘stacked array’. e. Semiconductor “laser”‘stacked arrays’, other than those specified in 6A005.d.1.d., having all of the following: 1. Specially designed or modified to be combined with other ‘stacked arrays’ to form a larger ‘stacked array’; and 2. Integrated connections, common for both electronics and cooling; Note 1: ‘Stacked arrays’, formed by combining semiconductor “laser”‘stacked arrays’ specified by 6A005.d.1.e., that are not designed to be further combined or modified are specified by 6A005.d.1.d. Note 2: ‘Stacked arrays’, formed by combining semiconductor “laser”‘stacked arrays’ specified by 6A005.d.1.e., that are designed to be further combined or modified are specified by 6A005.d.1.e. Note 3: 6A005.d.1.e. does not control modular assemblies of single ‘bars’ designed to be fabricated into end-to-end stacked linear arrays. Technical Notes: 1. Semiconductor “lasers” are commonly called “laser” diodes. 2. A ‘bar’ (also called a semiconductor “laser”‘bar’, a “laser” diode ‘bar’ or diode ‘bar’) consists of multiple semiconductor “lasers” in a one-dimensional array. 3. A ‘stacked array’ consists of multiple ‘bars’ forming a two-dimensional array of semiconductor “lasers”. 2. Carbon monoxide (CO) “lasers” having any of the following: a. Output energy exceeding 2 J per pulse and “peak power” exceeding 5 kW; or b. Average or CW output power exceeding 5 kW; 3. Carbon dioxide (CO2) “lasers” having any of the following: a. CW output power exceeding 15 kW; b. Pulsed output with a “pulse duration” exceeding 10 μs and any of the following: 1. “Average output power” exceeding 10 kW; or 2. “Peak power” exceeding 100 kW; or c. Pulsed output with a “pulse duration” equal to or less than 10 μs and any of the following: 1. Pulse energy exceeding 5 J per pulse; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 2,5 kW; |
3.A.2 |
a. Copper vapor lasers having both of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 500 and 600 nm; and 2. An average output power equal to or greater than 30 W; |
| 6A005 |
4. Excimer “lasers” having any of the following: a. Output wavelength not exceeding 150 nm and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 50 mJ per pulse; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 1 W; b. Output wavelength exceeding 150 nm but not exceeding 190 nm and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 1,5 J per pulse; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 120 W; c. Output wavelength exceeding 190 nm but not exceeding 360 nm and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 10 J per pulse; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 500 W; or d. Output wavelength exceeding 360 nm and any of the following: 1. Output energy exceeding 1,5 J per pulse; or 2. “Average output power” exceeding 30 W; N.B.: For excimer “lasers” specially designed for lithography equipment, see 3B001. 5. “Chemical lasers” as follows: a. Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) “lasers”; b. Deuterium Fluoride (DF) “lasers”; c. “Transfer lasers” as follows: 1. Oxygen Iodine (O2-I) “lasers”; 2. Deuterium Fluoride-Carbon dioxide (DF-CO2) “lasers”; 6. ‘Non-repetitive pulsed’ Nd: glass “lasers” having any of the following: a. “Pulse duration” not exceeding 1 μs and output energy exceeding 50 J per pulse; or b. “Pulse duration” exceeding 1 μs and output energy exceeding 100 J per pulse; Note: ‘Non-repetitive pulsed’ refers to “lasers” that produce either a single output pulse or that have a time interval between pulses exceeding one minute. e. Components as follows: 1. Mirrors cooled either by ‘active cooling’ or by heat pipe cooling; Technical Note: ‘Active cooling’ is a cooling technique for optical components using flowing fluids within the subsurface (nominally less than 1 mm below the optical surface) of the optical component to remove heat from the optic. 2. Optical mirrors or transmissive or partially transmissive optical or electro-optical components, other than fused tapered fibre combiners and Multi-Layer Dielectric gratings (MLDs), specially designed for use with specified “lasers”; Note: Fibre combiners and MLDs are specified in 6A005.e.3. 3. Fibre laser components as follows: a. Multimode to multimode fused tapered fibre combiners having all of the following: 1. An insertion loss better (less) than or equal to 0,3 dB maintained at a rated total average or CW output power (excluding output power transmitted through the single mode core if present) exceeding 1 000 W; and 2. Number of input fibres equal to or greater than 3; b. Single mode to multimode fused tapered fibre combiners having all of the following: 1. An insertion loss better (less) than 0,5 dB maintained at a rated total average or CW output power exceeding 4 600 W; 2. Number of input fibres equal to or greater than 3; and 3. Having any of the following: a. A Beam Parameter Product (BPP) measured at the output not exceeding 1,5 mm mrad for a number of input fibres less than or equal to 5; or b. A BPP measured at the output not exceeding 2,5 mm mrad for a number of input fibres greater than 5; c. MLDs having all of the following: 1. Designed for spectral or coherent beam combination of 5 or more fibre lasers; and 2. CW Laser Induced Damage Threshold (LIDT) greater than or equal to 10 kW/cm2. f. Optical equipment as follows: N.B.: For shared aperture optical elements, capable of operating in “Super-High Power Laser” (“SHPL”) applications, see the Military Goods Controls. 1. Dynamic wavefront (phase) measuring equipment capable of mapping at least 50 positions on a beam wavefront and any of the following: a. Frame rates equal to or more than 100 Hz and phase discrimination of at least 5 % of the beam's wavelength; or b. Frame rates equal to or more than 1 000 Hz and phase discrimination of at least 20 % of the beam's wavelength; 2. “Laser” diagnostic equipment capable of measuring “SHPL” system angular beam steering errors of equal to or less than 10 μrad; 3. Optical equipment and components, specially designed for a phased-array “SHPL” system for coherent beam combination to an accuracy of λ/10 at the designed wavelength, or 0,1 μm, whichever is the smaller; 4. Projection telescopes specially designed for use with “SHPL” systems; g. ‘Laser acoustic detection equipment’ having all of the following: 1. CW laser output power equal to or exceeding 20 mW; 2. Laser frequency stability equal to or better (less) than 10 MHz; 3. Laser wavelengths equal to or exceeding 1 000 nm but not exceeding 2 000 nm; 4. Optical system resolution better (less) than 1 nm; and 5. Optical Signal to Noise ratio equal to or exceeding 103. Technical Note: ‘Laser acoustic detection equipment’ is sometimes referred to as a Laser Microphone or Particle Flow Detection Microphone. |
3.A.2 |
h. Pulsed excimer lasers (XeF, XeCl, KrF) having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 240 and 360 nm; 2. A repetition rate greater than 250 Hz; and 3. An average output power greater than 500 W; |
| 6A202 |
Photomultiplier tubes having both of the following characteristics: a. Photocathode area of greater than 20 cm2; and b. Anode pulse rise time of less than 1 ns. |
5.A.1. |
Photomultiplier tubes having both of the following characteristics: a. Photocathode area of greater than 20 cm2; and b. Anode pulse rise time of less than 1 ns. |
| 6A203 |
Cameras and components, other than those specified in 6A003, as follows: N.B. 1: “Software” specially designed to enhance or release the performance of a camera or imaging device to meet the characteristics of 6A203.a., 6A203.b. or 6A203.c. is specified in 6D203. N.B. 2: “Technology” in the form of codes or keys to enhance or release the performance of a camera or imaging device to meet the characteristics of 6A203.a., 6A203.b. or 6A203.c is specified in 6E203. Note: 6A203.a. to 6A203.c. does not control cameras or imaging devices if they have hardware, “software” or “technology” constraints that limit the performance to less than that specified above, provided they meet any of the following: 1. They need to be returned to the original manufacturer to make the enhancements or release the constraints; 2. They require “software” as specified in 6D203 to enhance or release the performance to meet the characteristics of 6A203; or 3. They require “technology” in the form of keys or codes as specified in 6E203 to enhance or release the performance to meet the characteristics of 6A203. |
5.B.3. |
High-speed cameras and imaging devices and components therefor, as follows: N.B.: “Software” specially designed to enhance or release the performance of cameras or imaging devices to meet the characteristics below is controlled in 5.D.1 and 5.D.2. |
| 6A203 |
a. Streak cameras, and specially designed components therefor, as follows: 1. Streak cameras with writing speeds greater than 0,5 mm/μs; 2. Electronic streak cameras capable of 50 ns or less time resolution; 3. Streak tubes for cameras specified in 6A203.a.2.; 4. Plug-ins specially designed for use with streak cameras which have modular structures and that enable the performance specifications in 6A203.a.1. or 6A203.a.2.; 5. Synchronizing electronics units, rotor assemblies consisting of turbines, mirrors and bearings specially designed for cameras specified in 6A203.a.1.; |
5.B.3.a |
a. Streak cameras, and specially designed components therefor, as follows: 1. Streak cameras with writing speeds greater than 0,5 mm/μs; 2. Electronic streak cameras capable of 50 ns or less time resolution; 3. Streak tubes for cameras specified in 5.B.3.a.2.; 4. Plug-ins specially designed for use with streak cameras which have modular structures and that enable the performance specifications in 5.B.3.a.1 or 5.B.3.a.2.; 5. Synchronizing electronics units, rotor assemblies consisting of turbines, mirrors and bearings specially designed for cameras specified in 5.B.3.a.1. |
| 6A203 |
b. Framing cameras, and specially designed components therefor, as follows: 1. Framing cameras with recording rates greater than 225 000 frames per second; 2. Framing cameras capable of 50 ns or less frame exposure time; 3. Framing tubes and solid-state imaging devices having a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50ns or less specially designed for cameras specified in 6A203.b.1 or 6A203.b.2.; 4. Plug-ins specially designed for use with framing cameras which have modular structures and that enable the performance specifications in 6A203.b.1 or 6A203.b.2.; 5. Synchronizing electronics units, rotor assemblies consisting of turbines, mirrors and bearings specially designed for cameras specified in 6A203.b.1 or 6A203.b.2.; Technical Note: In 6A203.b., high speed single frame cameras can be used alone to produce a single image of a dynamic event, or several such cameras can be combined in a sequentially-triggered system to produce multiple images of an event. |
5.B.3.b |
b. Framing cameras and specially designed components therefor as follows: 1. Framing cameras with recording rates greater than 225 000 frames per second; 2. Framing cameras capable of 50 ns or less frame exposure time; 3. Framing tubes and solid-state imaging devices having a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50ns or less specially designed for cameras specified in 5.B.3.b.1 or 5.B.3.b.2.; 4. Plug-ins specially designed for use with framing cameras which have modular structures and that enable the performance specifications in 5.B.3.b.1 or 5.B.3.b.2.; 5. Synchronizing electronics units, rotor assemblies consisting of turbines, mirrors and bearings specially designed for cameras specified in 5.B.3.b.1 or 5.B.3.b.2. |
| 6A203 |
c. Solid state or electron tube cameras, and specially designed components therefor, as follows: 1. Solid-state cameras or electron tube cameras with a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50 ns or less; 2. Solid-state imaging devices and image intensifiers tubes having a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50 ns or less specially designed for cameras specified in 6A203.c.1.; 3. Electro-optical shuttering devices (Kerr or Pockels cells) with a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50 ns or less; 4. Plug-ins specially designed for use with cameras which have modular structures and that enable the performance specifications in 6A203.c.1. |
5.B.3.c |
c. Solid state or electron tube cameras and specially designed components therefor as follows: 1. Solid-state cameras or electron tube cameras with a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50 ns or less; 2. Solid-state imaging devices and image intensifiers tubes having a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50 ns or less specially designed for cameras specified in 5.B.3.c.1.; 3. Electro-optical shuttering devices (Kerr or Pockels cells) with a fast image gating (shutter) time of 50 ns or less; 4. Plug-ins specially designed for use with cameras which have modular structures and that enable the performance specifications in 5.B.3.c.1. Technical Note: High speed single frame cameras can be used alone to produce a single image of a dynamic event, or several such cameras can be combined in a sequentially-triggered system to produce multiple images of an event. |
| 6A203 |
d. Radiation-hardened TV cameras, or lenses therefor, specially designed or rated as radiation hardened to withstand a total radiation dose greater than 50 × 103 Gy(silicon) (5 × 106 rad (silicon)) without operational degradation. Technical Note: The term Gy(silicon) refers to the energy in Joules per kilogram absorbed by an unshielded silicon sample when exposed to ionising radiation. |
1.A.2. |
Radiation-hardened TV cameras, or lenses therefor, specially designed or rated as radiation hardened to withstand a total radiation dose greater than 5 × 104 Gy (silicon) without operational degradation. Technical Note: The term Gy (silicon) refers to the energy in Joules per kilogram absorbed by an unshielded silicon sample when exposed to ionizing radiation. |
| 6A205 |
“Lasers”, “laser” amplifiers and oscillators, other than those specified in 0B001.g.5., 0B001.h.6. and 6A005; as follows: N.B.: For copper vapour lasers, see 6A005.b. |
3.A.2. |
Lasers, laser amplifiers and oscillators as follows: N.B. See also in correspondence to 6A005 |
| 6A205 |
a. Argon ion “lasers” having both of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 400 nm and 515 nm; and 2. An average output power greater than 40 W; |
3.A.2.b |
Argon ion lasers having both of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 400 and 515 nm; and 2. An average output power greater than 40 W; |
| 6A205 |
b. Tunable pulsed single-mode dye laser oscillators having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 300 nm and 800 nm; 2. An average output power greater than 1 W; 3. A repetition rate greater than 1 kHz; and 4. Pulse width less than 100 ns; |
3.A.2.d |
Tunable pulsed single-mode dye laser oscillators having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 300 and 800 nm; 2. An average output power greater than 1 W; 3. A repetition rate greater than 1 kHz; and 4. Pulse width less than 100 ns; |
| 6A205 |
c. Tunable pulsed dye laser amplifiers and oscillators, having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 300 nm and 800 nm; 2. An average output power greater than 30 W; 3. A repetition rate greater than 1 kHz; and 4. Pulse width less than 100 ns; Note: 6A205.c. does not control single mode oscillators; |
3.A.2.e |
Tunable pulsed dye laser amplifiers and oscillators having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 300 and 800 nm; 2. An average output power greater than 30 W; 3. A repetition rate greater than 1 kHz; and 4. Pulse width less than 100 ns; Note: Item 3.A.2.e. does not control single mode oscillators. |
| 6A205 |
d. Pulsed carbon dioxide “lasers” having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 9 000 nm and 11 000 nm; 2. A repetition rate greater than 250 Hz; 3. An average output power greater than 500 W; and 4. Pulse width of less than 200 ns; |
3.A.2.g |
Pulsed carbon dioxide lasers having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 9 000 and 11 000 nm; 2. A repetition rate greater than 250 Hz; 3. An average output power greater than 500 W; and 4. Pulse width of less than 200 ns; Note: Item 3.A.2.g. does not control the higher power (typically 1 to 5 kW) industrial CO2 lasers used in applications such as cutting and welding, as these latter lasers are either continuous wave or are pulsed with a pulse width greater than 200 ns. |
| 6A205 |
e. Para-hydrogen Raman shifters designed to operate at 16 μm output wavelength and at a repetition rate greater than 250 Hz; |
3.A.2.i. |
Para-hydrogen Raman shifters designed to operate at 16 mm output wavelength and at a repetition rate greater than 250 Hz. |
| 6A205 |
f. Neodymium-doped (other than glass) “lasers” with an output wavelength between 1 000 and 1 100 nm having either of the following 1. Pulse-excited and Q-switched with a pulse duration equal to or more than 1 ns, and having either of the following: a. A single–transverse mode output with an average output power greater than 40 W; or b. A multiple-transverse mode output having an average power greater than 50 W; or 2. Incorporating frequency doubling to give an output wavelength between 500 and 550 nm with an average output power of more than 40 W; |
3.A.2.c. |
Neodymium-doped (other than glass) lasers with an output wavelength between 1 000 and 1 100 nm having either of the following: 1. Pulse-excited and Q-switched with a pulse duration equal to or greater than 1 ns, and having either of the following: a. A single-transverse mode output with an average output power greater than 40 W; or b. A multiple-transverse mode output with an average output power greater than 50 W; or 2. Incorporating frequency doubling to give an output wavelength between 500 and 550 nm with an average output power of greater than 40 W; |
| 6A205 |
g. Pulsed carbon monoxide lasers, other than those specified in 6A005.d.2., having all of the following: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 5 000 and 6 000 nm; 2. A repetition rate greater than 250 Hz; 3. An average output power greater than 200 W; and 4. Pulse width of less than 200 ns. |
3.A.2.j |
Pulsed carbon monoxide lasers having all of the following characteristics: 1. Operating at wavelengths between 5 000 and 6 000 nm; 2. A repetition rate greater than 250 Hz; 3. An average output power greater than 200 W; and 4. Pulse width of less than 200 ns; Note: Item 3.A.2.j. does not control the higher power (typically 1 to 5 kW) industrial CO lasers used in applications such as cutting and welding, as these latter lasers are either continuous wave or are pulsed with a pulse width greater than 200 ns |
| 6A225 |
Velocity interferometers for measuring velocities exceeding 1 km/s during time intervals of less than 10 microseconds. Note: 6A225 includes velocity interferometers such as VISARs (Velocity Interferometer Systems for Any Reflector), DLIs (Doppler Laser Interferometers) and PDV (Photonic Doppler Velocimeters) also known as Het-V (Heterodyne Velocimeters). |
5.B.5.a |
Specialized instrumentation for hydrodynamic experiments, as follows: a. Velocity interferometers for measuring velocities exceeding 1 km/s during time intervals of less than 10 ms; |
| 6A226 |
Pressure sensors, as follows: a. Shock pressure gauges capable of measuring pressures greater than 10 GPa, including gauges made with manganin, ytterbium, and polyvinylidene bifluoride (PVBF, PVF2); b. Quartz pressure transducers for pressures greater than 10 GPa. |
5.B.5.b. |
b. Shock pressure gauges capable of measuring pressures greater than 10 GPa, including gauges made with manganin, ytterbium, and polyvinylidene bifluoride (PVBF, PVF2); |
| 6A226 |
Pressure sensors, as follows: a. Shock pressure gauges capable of measuring pressures greater than 10 GPa, including gauges made with manganin, ytterbium, and polyvinylidene bifluoride (PVBF, PVF2); b. Quartz pressure transducers for pressures greater than 10 GPa. |
5.B.5.c. |
c. Quartz pressure transducers for pressures greater than 10 GPa. Note: Item 5.B.5.a. includes velocity interferometers such as VISARs (Velocity Interferometer Systems for Any Reflector), DLIs (Doppler Laser Interferometers) and PDV (Photonic Doppler Velocimeters) also known as Het-V (Heterodyne Velocimeters). |