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Income Tax (Trading and Other Income) Act 2005

Type Public General Act

Publication 2005-03-24

Last updated 2026-01-20

State In force

Department Statute Law Database

Source legislation.gov.uk

articles Not indexed

Reform history JSON API

(b) the easement, servitude or right is enjoyed in connection with an electric, telegraph or telephone wire or cable.

(2) The reference to the enjoyment of an easement, servitude or right in connection with an electric, telegraph or telephone wire or cable includes (in particular) its enjoyment in connection with—

(a) a pole or pylon supporting such a wire or cable, or

(b) apparatus used in connection with such a wire or cable.

(3) In this Chapter “rent” includes—

(a) a receipt mentioned in section 266(3), and

(b) any other receipt in the nature of rent.

Extent of charge to tax

346

(1) Rent receivable for a UK electric-line wayleave is not chargeable to tax under this Chapter for a tax year if—

(a) a person carries on a UK property business in relation to some or all of the land to which the wayleave relates, and

(b) receipts (other than rents receivable for UK electric-line wayleaves) in respect of some or all of that land are brought into account in calculating the profits of the business for the tax year.

(2) In such a case, the rent receivable for the UK electric-line wayleave is brought into account in calculating the profits of the person's UK property business.

(3) The rules for determining whether an amount is chargeable to tax under this Chapter also need to be read with section 22(2) (payments for wayleaves if person carries on a trade).

(4) That subsection secures that an amount which would otherwise be chargeable to tax under this Chapter may be brought into account instead in calculating the profits of a trade.

Income charged

347

Tax is charged under this Chapter on the full amount of the profits arising in the tax year.

Person liable

348

The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is the person receiving or entitled to the rent.

Chapter 10 — Post-cessation receipts

Charge to tax on post-cessation receipts

349

Income tax is charged on post-cessation receipts arising from a UK property business.

Extent of charge to tax

350

(1) A post-cessation receipt is chargeable to tax under this Chapter only so far as the receipt is not otherwise chargeable to income or corporation tax.

(2) Accordingly, a post-cessation receipt arising from a UK property business is not chargeable to tax under this Chapter so far as it is brought into account in calculating the profits of the business for any period.

Income charged

351

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the full amount of the receipts received in the tax year.

(2) This is subject to—

(a) sections 254 and 255 (allowable deductions), and

(b) section 257 (election to carry back),

which apply for the purposes of this Chapter as they apply for the purposes of Chapter 18 of Part 2 (but as if any reference to a trade were to a UK property business).

(3) Further to subsection (2), section 254 applies for the purposes of this Chapter as if for subsection (2A) of that section there were substituted—

(2A) If the time immediately before the person permanently ceases to carry on the UK property business falls in a cash basis tax year, assume for the purposes of subsection (2) that the profits of the business are calculated on the cash basis.

(4) For the purposes of sections 254 (as so applied) and 353, a tax year is “a cash basis tax year” in relation to a property business if the profits of the business for the tax year are calculated on the cash basis (see section 271D).

Person liable

352

The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is the person receiving or entitled to the receipts.

Meaning of “post-cessation receipts”

Basic meaning of “post-cessation receipt”

353

(1) In this Chapter “post-cessation receipt” means a sum—

(a) which is received after a person permanently ceases to carry on a UK property business, and

(b) which arises from the carrying on of the business before the cessation.

(1A) If the time immediately before a person permanently ceases to carry on a UK property business falls in a cash basis tax year (see section 351(4)), a sum is to be treated as a post-cessation receipt only if it would have been brought into account in calculating the profits of the business on the cash basis had it been received at that time.

(2) Subsection (3) applies if—

(a) a firm carries on a UK property business,

(b) a person ceases to be a partner in the firm, and

(c) at least one of the persons with whom the partner carried on the business before ceasing to be a partner continues to carry it on afterwards.

(3) The partner is treated for the purposes of this Chapter as permanently ceasing to carry on the business.

Other rules about what counts as a “post-cessation receipt”

354

(1) Section 355 (transfer of rights if transferee does not carry on UK property business) treats certain amounts as being, or not being, post-cessation receipts for the purposes of this Chapter.

(2) The following provisions (which treat certain amounts as post-cessation receipts) apply for the purposes of this Chapter as they apply for the purposes of Chapter 18 of Part 2 (but as if any reference to a trade were to a UK property business)—

section 82(6) (contributions to local enterprise organisations or urban regeneration companies),

section 104(3) (distribution of assets of mutual concerns),

section 109(2) (receipt by donor or connected person of benefit attributable to certain gifts),

section 248 (debts paid after cessation) (reading the reference in subsection (3) to section 96 of ITA 2007 as a reference to section 125 of that Act) ,

section 249 (debts released after cessation), as qualified, where appropriate, by section 48(4) (car ... hire), and

section 250 (receipts relating to post-cessation expenditure) (reading the reference in subsection (1) to section 96 of ITA 2007 as a reference to section 125 of that Act) .

(3) This Chapter also needs to be read with—

(a) section 310(3) (which treats certain amounts as not being post-cessation receipts), and

(b) section 844 (which treats certain income as a post-cessation receipt: unremittable income).

Transfer of rights if transferee does not carry on UK property business

355

(1) This section applies if—

(a) a person (“the transferor”) permanently ceases to carry on a UK property business,

(b) the transferor transfers to another person (“the transferee”) for value the right to receive sums arising from the carrying on of any business (“the transferred business”) comprised in the transferor's UK property business, and

(2) The transferor is treated as receiving a post-cessation receipt.

(3) The amount of the receipt is—

(a) the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer, if the transfer is at arm's length, or

(b) the value of the rights transferred as between parties at arm's length, if the transfer is not at arm's length.

(4) Any sums mentioned in subsection (1)(b) which are received after the cessation of the property business are not post-cessation receipts.

Supplementary

Application to Schedule A businesses

356

(1) In this Chapter (except in sections 353(1A) and 355, and in the modification of section 254 in section 351(3)) any reference to a UK property business includes one within the charge to corporation tax .

(2) In this Chapter (except in section 355) any reference to a person permanently ceasing to carry on a UK property business includes, in the case of a company, the occurrence of an event treated under section 289 of CTA 2009 (company starting or ceasing to be within the charge to corporation tax) as the company permanently ceasing to carry on the business.

(3) In applying any provision of Chapter 18 of Part 2 for the purposes of this Chapter references to the calculation of the profits of a trade for corporation tax purposes are to be read as references to the calculation of the profits of a UK property business for corporation tax purposes.

Chapter 11 — Overseas property income

Charge to tax on overseas property income

357

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Meaning of “overseas property income”

358

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Income charged

359

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Person liable

360

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Chapter 12 — Supplementary

Changes in trustees and personal representatives

361

(1) This section applies if there is a change—

(a) in the trustees of a trust, or

(b) in the personal representatives of a person,

at a time when they are carrying on a property business.

(2) For income tax purposes, the change does not result in—

(a) any of the trustees or personal representatives before the change permanently ceasing to carry on the business, or

(b) any of the trustees or personal representatives after the change starting to carry on the business.

Effect of company starting or ceasing to be within charge to income tax

362

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Overseas property businesses and overseas land: adaptation of rules

363

(1) This section applies if a provision of this Part—

(a) applies to an overseas property business or land outside the United Kingdom, but

(b) is expressed by reference to a domestic concept of law.

(2) In relation to that business or land, the provision is to be read so as to produce the result most closely corresponding with that produced by the provision in relation to a UK property business or land in the United Kingdom.

Meaning of “lease” and “premises”

364

(1) In this Part “lease” includes—

(a) an agreement for a lease (so far as the context permits), and

(b) any tenancy,

but does not include a mortgage.

(2) In this Part “premises” includes land.

Part 4 — Savings and investment income

Chapter 1 — Introduction

Overview of Part 4

365

(1) This Part imposes charges to income tax under—

(a) Chapter 2 (interest),

(aa) Chapter 2A (disguised interest),

(b) Chapter 3 (dividends etc. from UK resident companies etc.),

(d) Chapter 5 (stock dividends from UK resident companies),

(e) Chapter 6 (release of loan to participator in close company),

(f) Chapter 7 (purchased life annuity payments),

(g) Chapter 8 (profits from deeply discounted securities),

(h) Chapter 9 (gains from contracts for life insurance etc.),

(i) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(j) Chapter 11 (transactions in deposits),

(k) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(l) Chapter 13 (sales of foreign dividend coupons).

(2) Part 6 deals with exemptions from the charges under this Part.

(3) See, in particular, any exemptions mentioned in the particular Chapters.

(4) The charges under this Part apply to non-UK residents as well as UK residents but this is subject to section 368(2) (charges on non-UK residents only on UK source income).

(5) This section needs to be read with the relevant priority rules (see sections 2 and 366).

Provisions which must be given priority over Part 4

366

(1) Any income, so far as it falls within—

(a) any Chapter of this Part, and

(b) Chapter 2 of Part 2 (receipts of a trade, profession or vocation),

is dealt with under Part 2.

(2) Any income, so far as it falls within—

(a) any Chapter of this Part, and

(b) Chapter 3 of Part 3 so far as the Chapter relates to a UK property business,

is dealt with under Part 3.

(3) Any income, so far as it falls within—

(a) any Chapter of this Part other than Chapter 3 or 6, and

(b) Part 2, 9 or 10 of ITEPA 2003 (employment income, pension income or social security income),

is dealt with under the relevant Part of ITEPA 2003.

(4) Nothing in this section prevents amounts both—

(a) being counted as income for the purposes of Chapter 9 of this Part (gains from contracts for life insurance etc.), and

(b) being taken into account in calculating income, or counting as income, for the purposes of other Parts of this Act,

but see section 527 (reduction for sums taken into account otherwise than under Chapter 9).

Priority between Chapters within Part 4

367

(1) Any income, so far as it falls within Chapter 2 (interest) and Chapter 8 (profits from deeply discounted securities), is dealt with under Chapter 8.

(2) Any income, so far as it falls within Chapter 3 (dividends etc. from UK resident companies etc.) and another Chapter, is dealt with under Chapter 3 (but this is subject to subsection (3)).

(3) Any income, so far as it falls within—

(a) Chapter 2 (interest) as a result of section 372 (building society dividends) , 378A (offshore fund distributions) or 379 ( payments by registered societies or certain co-operatives ), and

(b) Chapter 3 or Chapter 4 (or both),

is dealt with under Chapter 2.

Territorial scope of Part 4 charges

368

(1) Income arising to a UK resident is chargeable to tax under this Part whether or not it is from a source in the United Kingdom.

(2) Income arising to a non-UK resident is chargeable to tax under this Part only if it is from a source in the United Kingdom.

(2A) If income arising to an individual who is UK resident arises in the overseas part of a split year, it is to be treated for the purposes of this section as arising to a non-UK resident.

(3) References in this section to income which is from a source in the United Kingdom include, in the case of any income which does not have a source, references to income which has a comparable connection to the United Kingdom.

(4) This section is subject to any express or implied provision to the contrary in this Part (or elsewhere in the Income Tax Acts).

Chapter 2 — Interest

Charge to tax on interest

369

(1) Income tax is charged on interest.

(2) The following sections extend what is treated as interest for certain purposes—

section 372 (building society dividends),

section 373 (open-ended investment company interest distributions),

section 376 (authorised unit trust interest distributions),

section 378A (offshore fund distributions),

section 379 ( payments by registered societies or certain co-operatives ),

section 380 (funding bonds),

section 380A (FSCS payments representing interest), and

section 381 (discounts).

(3) For exemptions, see in particular—

(a) Chapter 2 of Part 6 (national savings income),

(b) Chapter 3 of Part 6 (income from individual investment plans),

(d) Chapter 6 of Part 6 (income from FOTRA securities),

(e) sections 749 to 756A( repayment interest, interest arising from repayment supplements, ... damages for personal injury, employees' share schemes, repayments of student loans, unpaid relevant contributions, the redemption of funding bonds , certain foreign currency securities and interest on certain deposits of victims of National-Socialist persecution) ...

(f) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) Subsection (1) is also subject to Chapter 3 of Part 12 of ITA 2007 (exemption for interest on securities to which Chapter 2 of that Part applies) .

(5) See also Chapter 3A of Part 14 of ITA 2007 (which provides for the receipts of certain types of company being wound up to be charged to income tax under that Chapter instead of under any other provision that would otherwise apply).

Income charged

370

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the full amount of the interest arising in the tax year.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to Part 8 (foreign income: special rules).

Person liable

371

The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is the person receiving or entitled to the interest.

Other income taxed as interest

Building society dividends

372

(1) Any dividend paid by a building society is treated as interest for the purposes of this Act.

(2) In this section “dividend”includes any distribution (whether or not described as a dividend) .

Open-ended investment company interest distributions

373

(1) This section applies if the distribution accounts of an open-ended investment company show the total amount available for distribution to owners of shares in the company as available for distribution as yearly interest.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to subsection (7) .

(3) For income tax purposes payments of yearly interest are treated as made to the owners of the shares by the company.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) The amount of the payment treated as made to each owner is so much of the total amount mentioned in subsection (1) as is proportionate to the owner's shares.

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7) This section does not apply if the open-ended investment company is an approved personal pension scheme.

(8) See section 375 for the interpretation of this section and section 374.

Date when interest payments under section 373 made

374

(1) This section applies for determining the date on which payments of interest under section 373 are treated as made.

(2) The date on which the payments are treated as made depends on whether a date is specified for any distribution for the distribution period in question by or in accordance with—

(a) the company's instrument of incorporation and its prospectus in issue for the time being (including any supplements), or

(b) in the case of an open-ended investment company which is part of an umbrella company, such parts of those documents of the umbrella company as apply to the open-ended investment company.

(3) If such a date is so specified, the payments are treated as made on that date.

(4) If no such date is so specified, the payments are treated as made on the last day of that period.

Interpretation of sections 373 and 374

375

(1) In sections 373 and 374 and this section—

“approved personal pension scheme” has the same meaning as in Chapter 4 of Part 14 of ICTA (see section 630(1) of that Act),

“distribution” includes investment on behalf of an owner of shares in respect of the owner's accumulation shares,

“distribution accounts” means the accounts showing how the total amount available for distribution to owners of shares is calculated,

“distribution period” means the period by reference to which that amount is ascertained,

“the OEIC Regulations” means the Open-ended Investment Companies (Tax) Regulations 1997 (S.I. 1997/1154),

“open-ended investment company” has the same meaning as in Chapter 3 of Part 12 of ICTA (unit trust schemes etc.) (see section 468(10) and (11) of ICTA, as inserted by regulation 10 of the OEIC Regulations),

“owner of shares” has the same meaning as in that Chapter (see section 468(10) and (15) of that Act, as so inserted), and

“umbrella company” has the meaning given by section 615 of CTA 2010.

(2) In subsection (1) “accumulation share” means a share in respect of which income is credited periodically to the capital part of the company's scheme property.

(3) In subsection (2) “scheme property” has the same meaning as in Chapter 3 of Part 12 of ICTA (unit trust schemes etc.) (see section 468(10) and (13) of ICTA, as inserted by regulation 10 of the OEIC Regulations).

Authorised unit trust interest distributions

376

(1) This section applies if the distribution accounts of an authorised unit trust show the total amount available for distribution to unit holders as available for distribution as yearly interest.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to subsection (7) .

(3) For income tax purposes payments of yearly interest are treated as made to the unit holders.

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) The amount of the payment treated as made to each unit holder is so much of the total amount mentioned in subsection (1) as is proportionate to the unit holder's rights.

(6) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(7) This section does not apply if the authorised unit trust is an approved personal pension scheme.

(8) See section 378 for the interpretation of this section and section 377.

Date when interest payments under section 376 made

377

(1) This section applies for determining the date on which payments of interest under section 376 are treated as made.

(2) The date on which the payments are treated as made depends on whether a date is specified by or in accordance with the trust's terms for any distribution for the distribution period in question.

(3) If such a date is so specified, the payments are treated as made on that date.

(4) If no such date is so specified, the payments are treated as made on the last day of that period.

Interpretation of sections 376 and 377

378

In sections 376 and 377—

“approved personal pension scheme” has the same meaning as in Chapter 4 of Part 14 of ICTA (see section 630(1) of that Act),

“distribution” includes investment on behalf of a unit holder in respect of the holder's accumulation units,

“distribution accounts” means the accounts showing how the total amount available for distribution to unit holders is ascertained, and

“distribution period” means the period by reference to which that amount is ascertained.

Industrial and provident society payments

379

(1) Any dividend, bonus or other sum payable to a shareholder in—

(a) registered society , or

(b) a UK agricultural or fishing co-operative,

is treated as interest for income tax purposes if it is payable by reference to the amount of the shareholder's holding in its share capital.

(2) In subsection (1)—

“registered society” means— a registered society within the meaning of the Co-operative and Community Benefit Societies Act 2014, a society registered or treated as registered under the Industrial and Provident Societies Act (Northern Ireland) 1969, a society registered as a credit union under the Credit Unions (Northern Ireland) Order 1985 ( S.I. 1985/1205 (N.I. 12)), or an SCE formed in accordance with Council Regulation ( EC ) No 1435/2003 on the Statute for a European Cooperative Society, and

“UK agricultural or fishing co-operative” means a co-operative association—which is established in the United Kingdom and UK resident, andwhose primary object is assisting its members in—carrying on agricultural or horticultural businesses on land occupied by them in the United Kingdom, orcarrying on businesses consisting in the catching or taking of fish or shellfish.

(3) In subsection (2) “co-operative association” means a body with a written constitution from which the Secretary of State considers that it is in substance a co-operative association.

(4) For the purposes of subsection (3), the Secretary of State must have regard to the way in which the body's constitution provides for its income to be applied for its members' benefit and all other relevant provisions.

(5) In Northern Ireland subsections (3) and (4) apply with the substitution for “the Secretary of State” of “ the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development” ”.

Funding bonds

380

(1) This section applies to the issue of funding bonds to a creditor in respect of a liability to pay interest on a debt incurred by a government, public institution, other public authority or body corporate.

(2) The issue is treated for income tax purposes as if it were the payment of so much of that interest as equals the market value of the bonds at their issue.

(3) In this section “funding bonds” includes any bonds, stocks, shares, securities or certificates of indebtedness (but does not include any instrument providing for payment in the form of goods or services or a voucher) .

Discounts

381

(1) All discounts, other than discounts in deeply discounted securities, are treated as interest for the purposes of this Act.

(2) In this section “deeply discounted securities” means securities to which Chapter 8 of this Part applies (profits from deeply discounted securities).

Chapter 3 — Dividends etc. from UK resident companies and tax treated as paid in respect of certain distributions

Introduction

Contents of Chapter

382

(1) This Chapter—

(a) imposes a charge to income tax on dividends and other distributions of UK resident companies (see section 383),

(b) treats dividends as paid in some circumstances (see sections 386 to 391), ...

(c) makes special provision where the charge is in respect of shares awarded under a Schedule 2 share incentive plan (see sections 392 to 396), and

(d) treats distributions as made in some circumstances (see section 396A).

(2) This Chapter also makes provision about ... tax being treated as paid and reliefs available in respect of certain distributions which applies whether or not the distributions are otherwise dealt with under this Chapter (see sections 399 to 401).

(3) For exemptions from the charge under this Chapter, see in particular—

Chapter 3 of Part 6 (income from individual investment plans),

Chapter 5 of that Part (venture capital trust dividends),

section 770 (amounts applied by SIP trustees acquiring dividend shares or retained for reinvestment), and

section 498 of ITEPA 2003 (no charge on shares ceasing to be subject to SIP in certain circumstances).

(4) In this Chapter “dividends” does not include income treated as arising under section 410 (stock dividends).

Charge to tax on dividends and other distributions

383

(1) Income tax is charged on dividends and other distributions of a UK resident company.

(2) For income tax purposes such dividends and other distributions are to be treated as income.

(3) For the purposes of subsection (2), it does not matter that those dividends and other distributions are capital apart from that subsection.

Income charged

384

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the amount or value of the dividends paid and other distributions made in the tax year.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to—

section 393(2) and (3) (later charge where cash dividends retained in SIPs are paid over), and

section 394(3) (distribution when dividend shares cease to be subject to SIP).

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Person liable

385

(1) The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is—

(a) the person to whom the distribution is made or is treated as made (see Part 6 of ICTA and sections 386(3) , 389(3) and 396A ), or

(b) the person receiving or entitled to the distribution.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to—

section 393(4) (later charge where cash dividends retained in SIPs are paid over), and

section 394(4) (distribution when dividend shares cease to be subject to SIP).

Amounts treated as dividends

Open-ended investment company dividend distributions

386

(1) This section applies if the distribution accounts of an open-ended investment company show the total amount available for distribution to owners of shares in the company as available for distribution as dividends.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to subsection (5).

(3) For income tax purposes dividends are treated as paid to the owners of the shares by the company.

(4) The amount of the dividends treated as paid to each owner is so much of the total amount mentioned in subsection (1) as is proportionate to the owner's shares.

(5) This section does not apply if the open-ended investment company is an approved personal pension scheme.

(6) See section 388 for the interpretation of this section and section 387.

Date when dividends paid under section 386

387

(1) This section applies for determining the date on which dividends are treated as paid under section 386.

(2) The date on which the dividends are treated as paid depends on whether a date is specified for the distribution period in question by or in accordance with—

(a) the company's instrument of incorporation and its prospectus in issue for the time being (including any supplements), or

(b) in the case of an open-ended investment company which is part of an umbrella company, such parts of those documents of the umbrella company as apply to the open-ended investment company.

(3) If such a date is so specified, the dividends are treated as paid on that date.

(4) If no such date is so specified, the dividends are treated as paid on the last day of that period.

Interpretation of sections 386 and 387

388

(1) In sections 386 and 387 and this section—

“approved personal pension scheme” has the same meaning as in Chapter 4 of Part 14 of ICTA (see section 630(1) of that Act),

“distribution” includes investment on behalf of an owner of shares in respect of the owner's accumulation shares,

“distribution accounts” means the accounts showing how the total amount available for distribution to owners of shares is calculated,

“distribution period” means the period by reference to which that amount is ascertained,

“the OEIC Regulations” means the Open-ended Investment Companies (Tax) Regulations 1997 (S.I. 1997/1154),

“open-ended investment company” has the same meaning as in Chapter 3 of Part 12 of ICTA (unit trust schemes etc.) (see section 468(10) and (11) of ICTA, as inserted by regulation 10 of the OEIC Regulations),

“owner of shares” has the same meaning as in that Chapter (see section 468(10) and (15) of that Act, as so inserted), and

“umbrella company” has the meaning given by section 615 of CTA 2010.

(2) In subsection (1) “accumulation share” means a share in respect of which income is credited periodically to the capital part of the company's scheme property.

(3) In subsection (2) “scheme property” has the same meaning as in Chapter 3 of Part 12 of ICTA (unit trust schemes etc.) (see section 468(10) and (13) of ICTA, as inserted by regulation 10 of the OEIC Regulations).

Authorised unit trust dividend distributions

389

(1) This section applies if the distribution accounts of an authorised unit trust show the total amount available for distribution to unit holders as available for distribution as dividends.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to subsection (6).

(3) For income tax purposes dividends are treated as paid to the unit holders.

(4) The amount of the dividends treated as paid to each unit holder is so much of the total amount mentioned in subsection (1) as is proportionate to the unit holder's rights.

(5) The dividends are treated as paid on the shares and by the company referred to in section 617(1) of CTA 2010 (which relates to the trustees of an authorised unit trust being treated as a UK resident company in which the unit holders' rights are shares).

(6) This section does not apply if the authorised unit trust is an approved personal pension scheme.

(7) See section 391 for the interpretation of this section and section 390.

Date when dividends paid under section 389

390

(1) This section applies for determining the date on which dividends are treated as paid under section 389.

(2) The date on which the dividends are treated as paid depends on whether a date is specified by or in accordance with the trust's terms for any distribution for the distribution period in question.

(3) If such a date is so specified, the dividends are treated as paid on that date.

(4) If no such date is so specified, the dividends are treated as paid on the last day of that period.

Interpretation of sections 389 and 390

391

In sections 389 and 390—

“approved personal pension scheme” has the same meaning as in Chapter 4 of Part 14 of ICTA (see section 630(1) of that Act),

“distribution” includes investment on behalf of a unit holder in respect of the holder's accumulation units,

“distribution accounts” means the accounts showing how the total amount available for distribution to unit holders is ascertained, and

“distribution period” means the period by reference to which that amount is ascertained.

SIP shares: introduction

392

(1) Sections 393 to 395 contain special rules about the charge under this Chapter in respect of shares awarded to an individual under a Schedule 2 share incentive plan.

(2) Those sections only apply if condition A or B was met at the time the shares in question were so awarded.

(3) Condition A is that—

(a) the earnings from the eligible employment were general earnings (see section 7(3) of ITEPA 2003) to which any of the charging provisions of Chapter 4 or 5 of Part 2 of ITEPA 2003 applied, or

(b) if there had been any earnings from it, they would have been such earnings.

(4) In subsection (3)—

(a) “the eligible employment” means the employment resulting in the individual meeting the employment requirement in relation to the plan, and

(b) the reference to any of the charging provisions of Chapter 4 or 5 of Part 2 of ITEPA 2003 has the same meaning as it has in the employment income Parts of that Act (see sections 14(3) and 20(3) of that Act).

(5) Condition B is that—

(a) the shares were awarded before 6th April 2003, and

(b) the individual was liable for tax under Schedule E in respect of the relevant employment.

(6) In subsection (5) “the relevant employment” means the employment by reference to which the individual met the requirements in paragraph 14 of Schedule 8 to FA 2000 (employee share ownership plans: the employment requirement) in relation to the plan.

(7) See section 396 for the general interpretation of this section and sections 393 to 395.

Later charge where cash dividends retained in SIPs are paid over

393

(1) This section applies if a cash dividend is paid over to a participant under paragraph 68(4) of Schedule 2 to ITEPA 2003 (cash dividend paid over if not reinvested etc.).

(2) Tax charged under this Chapter is charged for the tax year in which the cash dividend is paid over instead of the tax year in which it was originally paid.

(3) Tax so charged is charged on the amount of the cash dividend paid over.

(4) The person liable for any tax so charged is the participant.

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) For the purposes of this Chapter, the question whether a cash dividend paid over to a participant under paragraph 68(4) of Schedule 2 to ITEPA 2003 is a dividend paid by a company that is UK resident is determined by reference to the tax year in which the dividend was originally paid.

Distribution when dividend shares cease to be subject to SIP

394

(1) This section applies if dividend shares cease to be subject to a Schedule 2 share incentive plan before the end of the period of 3 years beginning with the date on which the shares were acquired on the participant's behalf.

(2) For income tax purposes a distribution is treated as made to the participant in the tax year in which the shares cease to be subject to the plan.

(3) The amount of the distribution treated as made is the amount of the cash dividend applied to acquire the shares on the participant's behalf, so far as it represents a cash dividend paid in respect of plan shares in a UK resident company.

(3A) But if the shares cease to be subject to the plan by virtue of a provision of the kind mentioned in paragraph 65(2) of Schedule 2 to ITEPA 2003 (provision requiring dividend shares to be offered for sale), the amount of the distribution treated as made is the amount equal to the relevant fraction of the market value of the shares at the time they are offered for sale if that amount is less than the amount given by subsection (3).

(3B) For the purposes of subsection (3A) “the relevant fraction” is—

$$A B$where—A is so much of the amount of the cash dividend applied to acquire the shares on the participant's behalf as represents a cash dividend paid in respect of plan shares in a UK resident company, andB is the amount of the cash dividend applied to acquire the shares on the participant's behalf.$

(3C) Paragraph 92(2) of Schedule 2 to ITEPA 2003 (market value of shares subject to a restriction) applies for the purposes of subsection (3A).

(4) The person liable for any tax charged on the distribution as a result of this section is the participant.

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) For the purposes of this Chapter, the question whether the distribution under subsection (2) is a distribution by a company that is UK resident is determined by reference to the year in which the company paid the dividend applied to acquire the shares on the participant's behalf.

(7) For rules identifying shares ceasing to be subject to Schedule 2 share incentive plans, see section 508 of ITEPA 2003.

Reduction in tax due in cases within section 394

395

(1) This section applies if—

(a) a person is liable to tax as a result of section 394, and

(b) any tax is paid on any capital receipts under section 501 of ITEPA 2003 (charge on capital receipts in respect of plan shares) in respect of the shares that cease to be subject to the Schedule 2 share incentive plan.

(2) The tax due is to be reduced by an amount equal to the total tax so paid.

(3) In subsection (2) “the tax due” means the amount of tax due as a result of section 394 ....

(4) For rules identifying shares ceasing to be subject to Schedule 2 share incentive plans, see section 508 of ITEPA 2003.

Interpretation of sections 392 to 395

396

(1) This section and sections 392 to 395 form part of the SIP code (see section 488 of ITEPA 2003 (... share incentive plans)).

(2) Accordingly, expressions used in this section or those sections and contained in the index in paragraph 100 of Schedule 2 to that Act (... share incentive plans) have the meaning indicated by that index.

(3) In particular—

(a) for the meaning of “award of shares” see paragraph 5(1) of that Schedule,

(b) for the meaning of “ceasing to be subject to plan” see paragraph 97 of that Schedule,

(d) for the meaning of “employment requirement” see paragraph 15(3) of that Schedule,

(e) for the meaning of “participant” see paragraph 5(4) of that Schedule,

(f) for the meaning of “plan shares” see paragraphs 86 to 88 and 99(1) of that Schedule, and

(g) for the meaning of “shares” see paragraphs 87(6) and 99(2) of that Schedule.

... Payment and deduction of tax

Tax credits for qualifying distributions: UK residents and eligible non-UK residents

397

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Increase in amount or value of dividends where tax credit available

398

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Qualifying distributions received by persons not entitled to tax credits

399

(1) This section applies if—

(a) a person's income for a tax year includes a distribution of a company, and

(b) the person is non-UK resident.

(2) The person is treated as having paid income tax at the dividend ordinary rate on the amount or value of the distribution ....

(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6) The income tax treated as paid under subsection (2) is not repayable.

(7) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Non-qualifying distributions

400

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Relief: qualifying distribution after linked non-qualifying distribution

401

(1) Where a person is liable to income tax on a CD distribution, the person's liability to income tax on a subsequent non-CD distribution is reduced in accordance with this section if the non-CD distribution consists of a repayment of—

(a) the share capital, or

(b) the principal of the security,

which constituted the CD distribution.

(1A) The reduction is—

(a) the amount of income tax to which the person is liable on the CD distribution, or

(b) if lower, the amount of income tax to which the person is liable on the non-CD distribution.

(1B) For the purposes of calculating the amounts mentioned in subsection (1A)(a) and (b) assume—

(a) that the CD distribution is the lowest part of the person's dividend income in the tax year (“year 1”) in which it is made,

(b) that the non-CD distribution, if it is made in year 1, is the part of the person's dividend income in year 1 that is next lowest after the CD distribution, and

(c) that the non-CD distribution, if it is made after year 1, is the lowest part of the person's dividend income in the tax year in which it is made.

(6A) The reduction under this section is given effect at Step 6 of the calculation in section 23 of ITA 2007.

(7) In this section—

“CD distribution” means a distribution which is a distribution for the purposes of the Corporation Tax Acts only because it falls within paragraph C or D in section 1000(1) of CTA 2010 (redeemable share capital or security issued as bonus in respect of shares in, or securities of, the company),

“non-CD distribution” means a distribution which is not a CD distribution, and

“security” has the meaning given in section 1117(1) of CTA 2010.

Chapter 4 — Dividends from non-UK resident companies

Charge to tax on dividends from non-UK resident companies

402

(1) Income tax is charged on dividends of a non-UK resident company.

(2) For exemptions, see in particular section 770 (amounts applied by SIP trustees acquiring dividend shares or retained for reinvestment).

(3) Subsection (1) is also subject to section 498 of ITEPA 2003 (no charge on shares ceasing to be subject to SIP in certain circumstances).

(4) In this Chapter “dividends” does not include dividends of a capital nature.

Income charged

403

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the ... amount of the dividends arising in the tax year.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to—

section 406(2) and (3) (later charge where cash dividends retained in SIPs are paid over),

section 407(3) (dividend payment when dividend shares cease to be subject to SIP), and

Part 8 (foreign income: special rules).

Person liable

404

(1) The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is the person receiving or entitled to the dividends.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to—

section 406(4) (later charge where cash dividends retained in SIPs are paid over), and

section 407(4) (dividend payment when dividend shares cease to be subject to SIP).

SIP shares: introduction

405

(1) Sections 406 to 408 contain special rules about the charge under this Chapter in respect of shares awarded to an individual under a Schedule 2 share incentive plan.

(2) Those sections only apply if the condition in section 392(3) or (5) was met at the time the shares in question were so awarded (earnings within ITEPA 2003).

(3) This section and sections 406 to 408 form part of the SIP code (see section 488 of ITEPA 2003 (... share incentive plans)).

(4) Accordingly, expressions used in this section or those sections and contained in the index in paragraph 100 of Schedule 2 to that Act (... share incentive plans) have the meaning indicated by that index.

(5) In particular—

(a) for the meaning of “award of shares” see paragraph 5(1) of that Schedule,

(b) for the meaning of “ceasing to be subject to plan” see paragraph 97 of that Schedule,

(d) for the meaning of “participant” see paragraph 5(4) of that Schedule,

(e) for the meaning of “plan shares” see paragraphs 86 to 88 and 99(1) of that Schedule, and

(f) for the meaning of “shares” see paragraphs 87(6) and 99(2) of that Schedule.

Later charge where cash dividends retained in SIPs are paid over

406

(1) This section applies if a cash dividend is paid over to a participant under paragraph 68(4) of Schedule 2 to ITEPA 2003 (cash dividend paid over if not reinvested etc.).

(2) Tax charged under this Chapter is charged for the tax year in which the cash dividend is paid over instead of the tax year in which in which it was originally paid.

(3) Tax so charged is charged on the amount of the cash dividend paid over.

(4) The person liable for any tax so charged is the participant.

(4A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) For the purposes of this Chapter, the question whether a cash dividend so paid over is a dividend paid by a company that is non-UK resident is determined by reference to the tax year in which the dividend was originally paid.

Dividend payment when dividend shares cease to be subject to SIP

407

(1) This section applies if dividend shares cease to be subject to a Schedule 2 incentive plan before the end of the period of 3 years beginning with the date on which the shares were acquired on the participant's behalf.

(2) For income tax purposes a dividend is treated as paid to the participant in the tax year in which the shares cease to be subject to the plan.

(3) The amount of the dividend treated as paid is the amount of the cash dividend applied to acquire the shares on the participant's behalf, so far as it represents a cash dividend paid in respect of plan shares in a non-UK resident company.

(3A) But if the shares cease to be subject to the plan by virtue of a provision of the kind mentioned in paragraph 65(2) of Schedule 2 to ITEPA 2003 (provision requiring dividend shares to be offered for sale), the amount of the dividend treated as paid is the amount equal to the relevant fraction of the market value of the shares at the time they are offered for sale if that amount is less than the amount given by subsection (3).

(3B) For the purposes of subsection (3A) “the relevant fraction” is—

$$A B$where—A is so much of the amount of the cash dividend applied to acquire the shares on the participant's behalf as represents a cash dividend paid in respect of plan shares in a non-UK resident company, andB is the amount of the cash dividend applied to acquire the shares on the participant's behalf.$

(3C) Paragraph 92(2) of Schedule 2 to ITEPA 2003 (market value of shares subject to a restriction) applies for the purposes of subsection (3A).

(4) The person liable for any tax charged as a result of this section is the participant.

(4A) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(5) For rules identifying shares ceasing to be subject to Schedule 2 share incentive plans, see section 508 of ITEPA 2003.

Reduction in tax due in cases within section 407

408

(1) This section applies if—

(a) a person is liable for tax as a result of section 407, and

(b) any tax is paid on any capital receipts under section 501 of ITEPA 2003 (charge on capital receipts in respect of plan shares) in respect of the shares that cease to be subject to the Schedule 2 share incentive plan.

(2) The tax due as a result of section 407 is to be reduced by an amount equal to the total tax so paid.

(2A) In subsection (2) “the tax due” means the amount of tax due as a result of section 407 ....

(3) For rules identifying shares ceasing to be subject to Schedule 2 share incentive plans, see section 508 of ITEPA 2003.

Chapter 5 — Stock dividends from UK resident companies

Charge to tax on stock dividend income

409

(1) Income tax is charged on stock dividend income.

(2) In this Chapter “stock dividend income” means the income that is treated as arising under section 410.

When stock dividend income arises

410

(1) This section applies to—

(a) share capital issued by a UK resident company in lieu of a cash dividend, and

(b) bonus share capital issued by a UK resident company in respect of shares in the company of a qualifying class.

(1A) For the purposes of subsection (1)(b), shares are of a qualifying class if—

(a) shares of that class carry the right to receive bonus share capital in the company (of the same or a different class), and

(b) that right is conferred by the terms on which shares of that class were originally issued or by those terms as subsequently extended or otherwise varied.

(2) If an individual is beneficially entitled to that share capital, income is treated as arising to the individual.

(3) If—

(a) the share capital is issued to trustees in respect of shares they hold in the company (alone or with others), and

(b) a cash dividend paid to them in respect of the shares would have been to any extent accumulated or discretionary income (as defined in section 480 of ITA 2007 but excluding income arising under a charitable trust or an unauthorised unit trust in relation to which regulation 12 of the Unauthorised Unit Trusts (Tax) Regulations 2013 applies) ,

income is treated as arising to the trustees.

(4) If the share capital is issued to personal representatives during the administration period, income is treated as arising (but see section 413(4)).

(5) In subsection (4) “administration period” has the meaning given by section 653.

(6) Income within this section is treated as arising on the earliest date on which the company is required to issue the share capital in question.

(7) See section 413(5) (apportionment) if two or more persons are entitled to the share capital.

(8) There are special rules in paragraph 78A of Schedule 2 for share capital issued in respect of shares issued before 6 April 1975.

Income charged

411

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the amount of stock dividend income treated for income tax purposes as arising in the tax year.

(2) That amount is the cash equivalent of the share capital on the issue of which the stock dividend income arises (see section 412)....

412

(1) The cash equivalent of share capital issued as mentioned in section 410(1)(a) is the amount of the cash dividend alternative (see section 414A(2)).

(2) But if the difference between the cash dividend alternative and the share capital's market value equals or exceeds 15% of that market value—

(a) subsection (1) does not apply, and

(b) the cash equivalent of the share capital is its market value.

(3) The cash equivalent of share capital issued as mentioned in section 410(1)(b) is its market value.

(4) For the purposes of this section, market value is determined—

(a) in the case of listed share capital, on the date of first dealing, and

(b) in the case of other share capital, on the earliest date on which the company is required to issue it.

(5) In this section—

“listed” means listed in the Stock Exchange Daily Official List, and

“market value” has the same meaning as in sections 272(1) and (3) and 273(3) of TCGA 1992.

Person liable

413

(1) The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is the person indicated by this section.

(2) If section 410(2) applies, the individual is liable for the tax.

(3) If section 410(3) applies, the trustees are liable for the tax.

(4) If section 410(4) applies, tax is not charged under this Chapter, but see—

(a) section 664 (under which the income treated as arising to the personal representatives under section 410 is treated as part of the aggregate income of the estate for the purposes of Chapter 6 of Part 5), and

(b) section 947 of CTA 2009 (under which similar provision is made for the purposes of Chapter 3 of Part 10 of that Act).

(5) If two or more persons are entitled to the share capital on the issue of which the stock dividend income arises, this Chapter applies as if the company issuing it had issued to each of those persons a proportionate part of the share capital.

(6) In subsection (5) “proportionate part” means a part proportionate to the person's interest on the earliest date on which the company is required to issue the share capital.

Income tax treated as paid

414

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 6 — Release of loan to participator in close company

Charge to tax under Chapter 6

415

(1) Income tax is charged if—

(a) a company is or was chargeable to tax under section 455 of CTA 2010 (loans to participators in close companies etc.) in respect of a loan or advance, and

(b) the company releases or writes off the whole or part of the debt in respect of the loan or advance.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to section 418 (relief where borrowers liable as settlors).

(3) Subsection (4) applies if, as a result of section 460 of CTA 2010, sections 455 to 459 of that Act have effect as if a loan or advance had been made by a company (“A”), rather than the company (“B”) which—

(a) actually made it,

(b) is regarded as having made it under section 455(4) of that Act (deemed loans where debt incurred or assigned to close company), or

(4) If the whole or part of the debt is released or written off by B, for the purposes of subsection (1), A rather than B is treated as releasing it or writing it off.

(5) Expressions used in this Chapter have the same meanings as they have for the purposes of section 455 of CTA 2010 .

Income charged

416

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the ... amount of the debt released or written off in the tax year.

(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(3) For the purposes of calculating the total income of the person liable for the tax, the amount charged is treated as income.

(4) This section is subject to section 418 (relief where borrowers liable as settlors).

Person liable

417

(1) The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is—

(a) in the case of a loan or advance made to a partnership, any partner who is an individual, and

(b) in any other case, the person to whom the loan or advance was made.

(1A) If more than one person is liable in a case within subsection (1)(a), the liability is to be apportioned between them in a just and reasonable manner.

(2) This is subject to—

section 419 (loans and advances to persons who die), and

section 420 (loans and advances to trustees of trusts that have ended).

Relief where borrowers liable as settlors

418

(1) Relief is given under this section if the person to whom the loan or advance was made—

(a) is liable for the tax year for income tax on a sum in respect of it under Chapter 5 of Part 5 as a result of section 633 (capital sums paid to settlor by trustees of settlement), or

(b) has been so liable for any previous tax year.

(2) If the total amount previously charged (see subsection (4)) equals or exceeds the total amount released (see subsection (6)), tax is not charged under this Chapter.

(3) If the total amount released exceeds the total amount previously charged, tax is charged under this Chapter on the excess....

(4) In this section “the total amount previously charged” means the total of—

(a) the sums included in the person's income under section 633 in respect of the loan or advance for the tax year or for previous tax years, and

(b) the amounts charged under this Chapter in respect of the loan or advance for previous tax years.

(5) For the purposes of subsection (4)(a), section 640(1) (which requires the grossing up of the sums treated as paid to the settlor by reference to the trust rate) is ignored.

(6) In this section “the total amount released” means the total amount released or written off in respect of the loan or advance in the tax year and previous tax years.

Loans and advances to persons who die

419

(1) This section applies if—

(a) a loan or advance is made to a person who dies,

(b) a company is or was chargeable to tax under section 455 of CTA 2010 (charge to tax in case of loan to participator) in respect of the loan or advance, and

(2) Tax is not charged under this Chapter if at the time of the release or writing off the debt is due from the person's personal representatives in that capacity, but see—

(a) section 664 (under which the amount that would be so charged is treated as part of the aggregate income of the estate for the purposes of Chapter 6 of Part 5), and

(b) section 947 of CTA 2009 (under which similar provision is made for the purposes of Chapter 3 of Part 10 of that Act).

(3) If subsection (2) does not apply, tax is charged under this Chapter on the person from whom the debt is due at the time of release or writing off.

Loans and advances to trustees of trusts that have ended

420

(1) This section applies if—

(a) a loan or advance is made to trustees of a trust,

(b) a company is or was chargeable to tax under section 455 of CTA 2010 (charge to tax in case of loan to participator) in respect of the loan or advance, and

(c) after the trust has ended the company releases or writes off the whole or part of the debt in respect of the loan or advance.

(2) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the person from whom the debt is due at the time of release or writing off.

Income tax treated as paid

421

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Chapter 7 — Purchased life annuity payments

Charge to tax on purchased life annuity payments

422

(1) Income tax is charged on annuity payments made under a purchased life annuity.

(2) For exemptions, see in particular—

(a) section 717 (exemption for part of purchased life annuity payments),

(b) section 725 (annual payments under immediate needs annuities),

(d) section 732 (compensation awards).

Meaning of “purchased life annuity”

423

(1) In this Chapter “purchased life annuity” means an annuity—

(a) granted for consideration in money or money's worth in the ordinary course of a business of granting annuities on human life, and

(b) payable for a term ending at a time ascertainable only by reference to the end of a human life.

(2) For this purpose it does not matter that the annuity may in some circumstances end before or after the life.

Income charged

424

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the full amount of the annuity payments arising in the tax year.

(2) Subsection (1) is subject to Part 8 (foreign income: special rules).

Person liable

425

The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is the person receiving or entitled to the annuity payments.

Annuity payments received after deduction of tax

426

In accordance with section 848 of ITA 2007 a sum representing income tax deducted under section 901 of that Act from an annuity payment within this Chapter is treated as income tax paid by the recipient . . . .

Chapter 8 — Profits from deeply discounted securities

Charge to tax under Chapter 8

Charge to tax on profits from deeply discounted securities

427

(1) Income tax is charged on profits on the disposal of deeply discounted securities.

(2) The profits are treated as income for income tax purposes if they would not otherwise be income.

Income charged

428

(1) Tax is charged under this Chapter on the full amount of profits arising in the tax year.

(2) The profits on a disposal are to be taken to arise when the disposal occurs.

(3) If the profits arise on a disposal of securities that are outside the United Kingdom—

(a) they are treated for the purposes of section 830 (meaning of “relevant foreign income”) as arising from a source outside the United Kingdom, and

(b) subsection (1) is subject to Part 8 (foreign income: special rules).

(4) Subsection (2) needs to be read with section 438 (timing of transfers and acquisitions).

Person liable

429

(1) The person liable for any tax charged under this Chapter is the person making the disposal.

(2) See section 437 for who that person is.

Deeply discounted securities

Meaning of “deeply discounted security”

430

(1) The general rule is that a security is a “deeply discounted security” for the purposes of this Chapter if, as at the time it is issued, the amount payable on maturity or any other possible occasion of redemption (“A”) exceeds or may exceed the issue price by more than—

$$A×0.5%×Y.$where Y is the number of years in the redemption period or 30, whichever is the lower.$

(2) If the redemption period is not a number of complete years, for the purposes of subsection (1) the incomplete year is expressed as twelfths, treating each complete month and any remaining part of a month as one-twelfth.

(3) In this section “redemption period” means the period between the date of issue and the date of the occasion of redemption in question.

(4) Interest payable on an occasion of redemption is ignored in determining for the purposes of this section the amount payable on that occasion.

(5) For the purposes of this section, in the case of an issue to which section 442 applies (securities issued in accordance with qualifying earn-out right), the issue price of the security is to be taken as the amount paid to acquire it (see section 442(2)).

(6) The general rule in subsection (1) is subject to—

section 431 (excluded occasions of redemption),

section 432 (securities which are not deeply discounted securities),

sections 434 to 436 (securities issued in separate tranches),. . .

section 443(1) (strips of government securities) , and

section 452A(1) (corporate strips).

Excluded occasions of redemption

431

(1) An occasion of redemption of a security other than maturity is ignored for the purposes of section 430(1) if the third-party option conditions or the commercial protection conditions are met.

(2) The third-party option conditions are that—

(a) the security may be redeemed on the occasion at the option of a person other than its holder,

(b) the security is issued to a person who is not connected with the issuer, and

(c) the obtaining of a tax advantage by any person is not the main benefit, or one of the main benefits, that might have been expected to accrue from the provision in accordance with which the security may be redeemed on the occasion.

(3) The commercial protection conditions are that—

(a) the security may be redeemed on the occasion as the result of an exercise of an option that is exercisable only on the occurrence of—

(i) an event adversely affecting the holder (see subsection (8)), or

(ii) a default by any person, and

(b) as at the time of the security's issue it appears unlikely that the option will be exercisable on the occasion.

(4) Subsection (1) does not apply to an occasion just because the occasion coincides or may coincide with an occasion meeting the third-party option conditions or the commercial protection conditions.

(5) If—

(a) the only reason that a security is not a deeply discounted security is that an occasion on which it may be redeemed is ignored because the third-party option conditions are met, and

(b) at some time after its issue the security is acquired by, or its holder becomes, a person connected with the issuer,

in relation to that time and later this Chapter applies as if the security were a deeply discounted security.

(6) If a person (“P”) who is not connected with the issuer acquires—

(a) a security which is only a deeply discounted security because it was issued to a person connected with the issuer and so fails to meet the condition specified in subsection (2)(b), or

(b) a security within subsection (5),

this Chapter applies in relation to P as if the security ceased to be a deeply discounted security on the acquisition.

(7) For the purposes of the application of this section to a security, the question whether persons are connected is determined without regard to the security or any other security issued under the same prospectus.

(8) In this section “event adversely affecting the holder”, in relation to a security, means an event the occurrence of which appears, as at the time of the security's issue, likely to have an adverse effect on the interests of its holder at the time of the event if there were no provision for redemption on its occurrence.

Securities which are not deeply discounted securities

432

(1) The following are not deeply discounted securities—

(a) shares in a company,

(b) gilt-edged securities that are not strips,

(d) capital redemption policies.

(2) An excluded indexed security (see section 433) is only a deeply discounted security if treated as such under section 431(5) (acquisition by a person connected with the issuer or holder becoming such a person).

(3) In this section “capital redemption policies” has the same meaning as in Chapter 9 of this Part (see section 473(2)).

(4) See also sections 434 to 436 (rules under which securities issued under the same prospectus on separate occasions may be treated as being, or as not being, deeply discounted securities).

Meaning of “excluded indexed security”

433

(1) In this Chapter “excluded indexed security” means a security under the terms of which the amount payable on redemption is determined by applying to the amount for which the security was issued the percentage change (if any) over the security's redemption period in—

(a) the value of chargeable assets of a particular description, or

(b) an index of the value of such assets.

(2) The fact that the terms under which the security is issued include a provision to the effect that the amount payable on its redemption must be at least a specified percentage of the amount for which it was issued only prevents it from falling within the definition in subsection (1) if that percentage exceeds 10%.

(3) Interest payable on redemption is ignored in determining for the purposes of this section the amount payable on redemption.

(4) In subsection (1) “redemption period” means—

(a) the period beginning with the date of issue and ending with the date of redemption, or

(b) a period which is or includes almost all that period and only differs from it for purposes connected with giving effect to a valuation in relation to rights or liabilities under the security.

(5) An asset is a chargeable asset for the purposes of subsection (1) if a gain accruing to a person on its disposal would be a chargeable gain for the purposes of TCGA 1992 on the assumptions specified in subsection (6).

(6) The assumptions are that—

(a) the asset is an asset of the person,

(b) the person is not entitled to the exemption conferred by section 100 of TCGA 1992 (exemption for authorised unit trusts etc.),

(c) disposal of the asset by the person would not be treated for income tax purposes as a disposal in the course of a trade, profession or vocation, and

(d) section 116(10) of TCGA 1992 is ignored (chargeable gains on subsequent disposals of qualifying corporate bonds acquired in reorganisations, conversions and reconstructions).

(7) For the purposes of this section—

(a) neither the retail prices index nor any similar general index of prices published by the government of a territory or by an agent of such a government is an index of the value of chargeable assets, and

(b) “redemption”, in relation to a security, does not include its redemption on an occasion which is to be ignored under section 431(1) (excluded occasions of redemption).

Securities issued in separate tranches: preliminary

434

(1) Sections 435 and 436 set out rules under which securities issued under the same prospectus on separate occasions may be treated as being, or as not being, deeply discounted securities.

(2) If any of the securities in the original issue under the prospectus is a deeply discounted security—

(a) the rule in section 435 applies to securities in later issues under it, and

(b) the rule in section 436 does not apply to any securities issued under it.

(3) If none of the securities in the original issue under the prospectus is a deeply discounted security, the rule in section 435 applies to securities in a later issue except where the rule in section 436 applies.

Securities issued in separate tranches: basic rule

435

(1) The rule in this section is that if securities in any of the issues made on separate occasions under the same prospectus are not deeply discounted securities, securities in any later issue under it are not deeply discounted securities, unless they are treated as such for one of the reasons specified in subsection (2).

(2) The reasons are—

(a) that the securities were issued to a person connected with the issuer and so fail to meet the condition specified in section 431(2)(b), and

(b) that such a person has acquired or become the holder of the securities and so section 431(5) applies to them.

Deeply discounted securities issued in separate tranches: nominal value rule

436

(1) This section only applies if some of the securities in one or more later issues under the same prospectus are deeply discounted securities (or are such securities if the rule in section 435 is ignored).

(2) The rule in this section applies for any disposal or acquisition after the time when the condition specified in subsection (3) is first met.

(3) The condition is that the aggregate nominal value as at a particular time of the securities within subsection (1) exceeds the aggregate nominal value as at that time of all the other securities issued under the prospectus at any time.

(4) The rule is that all securities issued under the prospectus (including those issued after the time when the condition specified in subsection (3) is first met) are to be treated as deeply discounted securities and as having been acquired as such (whenever actually issued or acquired).

(5) Subsection (6) applies where the question is whether a security held by a person who is not connected with the issuer is a deeply discounted security as a result of the rule in this section.

(6) For the purpose of determining whether the rule in this section applies, securities that are only within subsection (1) for one of the reasons specified in section 435(2) are treated as not being within it.

Disposals

Transactions which are disposals

437

(1) References in this Chapter to the disposal of a deeply discounted security are—

(a) to its redemption,

(b) to its transfer by sale, exchange, gift or otherwise, including a transfer treated as made by subsection (3), and

(c) so far as not covered by paragraph (a) or (b), to its conversion under its terms into shares in a company or other securities (including other deeply discounted securities).

(2) The person treated as making a disposal is—

(a) in the case of a disposal within subsection (1)(a), the person entitled as the security's holder to any payment on the disposal,

(b) in the case of a disposal within subsection (1)(b), the transferor, and

(c) in the case of a disposal within subsection (1)(c), the person who would be entitled as the security's holder to any payment on the disposal, if such a payment were made.

(3) A person who dies while entitled to a deeply discounted security is treated as transferring it immediately before death to the personal representatives.

(4) In the case of strips, further provision about occasions counting as disposals is made by section 445(2) and (6)(a).

(5) In the case of interest-bearing corporate securities, further provision about occasions counting as disposals is made by section 452F(2)(a).

(6) In the case of corporate strips, further provision about occasions counting as disposals is made by section 452F(2)(a) and (3)(a).

Timing of transfers and acquisitions

438

(1) This section applies if—

(a) a transfer or acquisition of a deeply discounted security is made under an agreement, and

(b) the transferee or the person making the acquisition becomes entitled to the security at the time the agreement is made.

(2) The transfer or acquisition is treated as occurring at that time.

(3) For this purpose a conditional agreement is taken to be made when the condition is met.

(4) This section is subject to—

section 445(7) (exchanges for and consolidations of strips);

section 452F(4) (conversion into and consolidations of corporate strips).

Calculating profits

Calculating the profit from disposals

439

(1) A person's profit on a disposal is the amount by which the amount payable on the disposal exceeds the amount paid by the person to acquire the security.

(2) No account is to be taken of any incidental expenses incurred in connection with the disposal or acquisition.

(3) Subsection (2) is subject to subsection (4) and section 455 (listed securities held since 26th March 2003: calculating the profit or loss on disposals).

(4) Incidental expenses incurred before 27th March 2003 by the person making the disposal in connection with the acquisition or disposal of the security are deducted from the person's profit.

(5) Where a person re-acquires a security, any previous acquisition of it is ignored in determining on a subsequent disposal—

(a) the amount the person paid to acquire the security, and

(b) incidental expenses within subsection (4).

Market value disposals

440

(1) On the disposal of a deeply discounted security by a transfer of a kind specified in subsection (2), for the purposes of this Chapter an amount equal to the market value at the time of the disposal is treated as payable.

(2) The transfers are—

(a) a transfer made otherwise than by a bargain at arm's length,

(b) a transfer between connected persons,

(d) a transfer treated as made by section 437(3) (death), and

(e) a transfer by personal representatives to a legatee.

(3) Subsection (1) is subject to subsection (4).

(4) On a conversion of a deeply discounted security into shares or other securities which counts as its disposal under section 437(1), an amount equal to the market value of the shares or other securities at the time of the conversion is treated as the amount payable.

(5) Subsection (4) is subject to—

section 445(8) (exchanges for and consolidations of strips);

section 452F(5) (conversion into and consolidations of corporate strips).

(6) In this section “legatee” includes any person taking (whether beneficially or as trustee)—

(a) on a testamentary disposition, or

(b) on an intestacy or partial intestacy.

(7) Such a person includes a person taking as a result of an appropriation by personal representatives in or towards the satisfaction of a legacy or other interest or share in the deceased's property.

Market value acquisitions

441

(1) A person who acquires a deeply discounted security on a disposal of a kind specified in subsection (2) is treated for the purposes of this Chapter as acquiring it by the payment of an amount equal to its market value at the time of the disposal.

(2) The disposals are—

(a) a transfer within section 440(2), and

(b) a conversion of a deeply discounted security into other deeply discounted securities which counts as its disposal under section 437(1).

(3) Subsection (2) is subject to—

section 445(8) (exchanges for and consolidations of strips);

section 452F(5) (conversion into and consolidations of corporate strips).

Securities issued in accordance with qualifying earn-out right

442

(1) This section applies if a security is issued to a person in accordance with the terms of a qualifying earn-out right.

(2) The amount paid by the person to acquire the security is to be taken for the purposes of this Chapter to be the total of—

(a) the market value, immediately before the issue, of the right to be issued with the security in accordance with the terms of the qualifying earn-out right, and

(b) any amount payable for the issue in accordance with those terms.

(3) In this section “qualifying earn-out right” means a right that meets conditions A to C, or so much of a right as does so.

(4) Condition A is that the right constitutes the whole or part of the consideration for—

(a) the transfer by the person on whom the right is conferred of shares in or debentures of a company, or

(b) the transfer of the whole or part of—

(i) a business carried on by that person, or by that person and others in partnership, or

(ii) an interest in such a business.

(5) Condition B is that the right is either—

(a) a right to be issued with securities of another company, or

(b) a right which is capable of being discharged in accordance with its terms by the issue of such securities.

(6) Condition C is that the right is such that the value of the consideration mentioned in condition A is unascertainable at the time when the right is conferred.

Special rules for strips of government securities

Application of this Chapter to strips of government securities

443

(1) All strips are treated as deeply discounted securities for the purposes of this Chapter, whether or not they would otherwise be so.

(2) This Chapter applies to strips subject to the rules in—

(a) section 445 (strips of government securities: acquisitions and disposals),

(b) section 446 (strips of government securities: relief for losses),

(d) section 448 (restriction of losses on strips by reference to original acquisition cost),

(e) section 449 (strips of government securities: manipulation of acquisition, transfer or redemption payments), and

(f) section 450 (market value of strips etc.), and

(g) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Meaning of “strip” in Chapter 8

444

(1) In this Chapter “strip”, in relation to any stock or bond (“the underlying security”), means a security which—

(a) meets conditions A to C,

(b) if it was acquired after 26th March 2003, was issued by or on behalf of the government of any territory, and

(c) if it was acquired on or before that date, was issued under the National Loans Act 1968 (c. 13) in a case where the underlying security was itself a gilt-edged security.

(2) Condition A is that the security is issued for the purpose of representing the right to or of securing—

(a) a payment corresponding to a payment of interest or principal remaining to be made under the underlying security, or

(b) two or more payments each corresponding to a payment to be so made.

(3) Condition B is that the security is issued in conjunction with the issue of one or more other securities which, together with that security—

(a) represent the right to, or

(b) secure,

payments corresponding to every payment remaining to be made under the underlying security.

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