Resolução da Assembleia da República n.º 88/2020 — Aprova a Convenção entre a República Portuguesa e a República do Quénia para Eliminar a Dupla Tributação em Matéria de…

1 - Where:

2 - Where a Contracting State includes in the profits of an enterprise of that State - and taxes accordingly - profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting State has been charged to tax in that other State and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first-mentioned State if the conditions made between the two enterprises had been those which would have been made between independent enterprises, then that other State, if it agrees that the adjustment made by the first-mentioned State is justified both in principle and as regards the amount, shall make an appropriate adjustment to the amount of the tax charged therein on those profits. In determining such adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Convention and the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall if necessary consult each other.

Article 10

Dividends

1 - Dividends paid by a company which is a resident of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

2 - However, such dividends may also be taxed in the Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident and according to the laws of that State, but if the beneficial owner of the dividends is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed:

The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of these limitations. This paragraph shall not affect the taxation of the company in respect of the profits out of which the dividends are paid.

3 - The term "dividends" as used in this article means income from shares, "jouissance" shares or "jouissance" rights, mining shares, founders' shares or other rights, not being debt-claims, participating in profits, as well as income from other corporate rights which is subjected to the same taxation treatment as income from shares by the laws of the State of which the company making the distribution is a resident.

4 - The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of article 7 or article 15, as the case may be, shall apply.

5 - Where a company which is a resident of a Contracting State derives profits or income from the other Contracting State, that other State may not impose any tax on the dividends paid by the company, except insofar as such dividends are paid to a resident of that other State or insofar as the holding in respect of which the dividends are paid is effectively connected with a permanent establishment or a fixed base situated in that other State, nor subject the company's undistributed profits to a tax on the company's undistributed profits, even if the dividends paid or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other State.

Article 11

Interest

1 - Interest arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

2 - However, such interest may also be taxed in the Contracting State in which it arises and according to the laws of that State, but if the beneficial owner of the interest is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of the interest. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.

3 - Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, interest arising in a Contracting State shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the interest is paid by or beneficially owned by a Contracting State, a political or administrative division or local authority thereof, the central bank, or any Statutory body wholly owned by a Contracting State.

4 - The term "interest" as used in this article means income from debt-claims of every kind, whether or not secured by mortgage and whether or not carrying a right to participate in the debtor's profits, and in particular, income from government securities and income from bonds or debentures, including premiums and prizes attaching to such securities, bonds or debentures. Penalty charges for late payment shall not be regarded as interest for the purpose of this Article.

5 - The provisions of paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the interest, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the interest arises through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the debt-claim in respect of which the interest is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of article 7 or article 15, as the case may be, shall apply.

6 - Interest shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the interest, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment or a fixed base in connection with which the indebtedness on which the interest is paid was incurred, and such interest is borne by such permanent establishment or fixed base, then such interest shall be deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated.

7 - Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest, having regard to the debt-claim for which it is paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

Article 12

Royalties

1 - Royalties arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

2 - However, such royalties may also be taxed in the Contracting State in which they arise and according to the laws of that State, but if the beneficial owner of the royalties is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of the royalties. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.

3 - The term "royalties" as used in this article means payments of any kind received as a consideration for the use of, or the right to use, any copyright of literary, artistic or scientific work including cinematograph films, or films or tapes used for television or radio broadcasting, any patent, trade mark, design or model, plan, secret formula or process, or for information concerning industrial, commercial or scientific experience.

4 - The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the royalties arise through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the royalties are paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of article 7 or article 15, as the case may be, shall apply.

5 - Royalties shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the royalties, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment or fixed base in connection with which the liability to pay the royalties was incurred, and such royalties are borne by such permanent establishment or fixed base, then such royalties shall be deemed to arise in the State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated.

6 - Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are paid, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

Article 13

Technical fees

1 - Technical fees arising in a Contracting State and paid to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other Contracting State.

2 - However, such technical fees may also be taxed in the Contracting State in which they arise and according to the laws of that Contracting State, but if the beneficial owner of the technical fees is a resident of the other Contracting State, the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of the technical fees. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.

3 - The term "technical fees" as used in this article means payments of any kind to any person, other than to an employee of the person making the payments, in consideration for any services of a technical, managerial or consultancy nature.

4 - The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the beneficial owner of the technical fees, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State in which the technical fees arise through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other Contracting State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the technical fees are effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of article 7 or article 15, as the case may be, shall apply.

5 - Technical fees shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the technical fees, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment or fixed base in connection with which the liability to pay the technical fees was incurred, and such technical fees are borne by such permanent establishment of fixed base, then such technical fees shall be deemed to arise in the Contracting State in which the permanent establishment or fixed base is situated.

6 - Where, by reason of a special relationship between the payer and the beneficial owner or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the technical fees exceeds, for whatever reason, the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the beneficial owner in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In such case, the excess part of the payments shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

Article 14

Capital gains

1 - Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of immovable property referred to in article 6 and situated in the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

2 - Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or of movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a resident of a Contracting State in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing independent personal services, including such gains from the alienation of such a permanent establishment (alone or with the whole enterprise) or of such fixed base, may be taxed in that other State.

3 - Gains from the alienation of ships or aircraft operated in international traffic or movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships or aircraft shall be taxable only in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.

4 - Gains derived by a resident of a Contracting State from the alienation of shares or comparable interests, such as interests in a partnership or trust, may be taxed in the other Contracting State if, at any time during the 365 days preceding the alienation, these shares or comparable interests derived more than 50 per cent of their value directly or indirectly from immovable property, as defined in article 6, situated in that other State.

5 - Gains from the alienation of any property other than that referred to in paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4, shall be taxable only in the Contracting State of which the alienator is a resident.

Article 15

Independent personal services

1 - Income derived by an individual who is a resident of a Contracting State from the performance of professional services or other independent activities of a similar character shall be taxable only in that State except in the following circumstances when such income may also be taxed in the other Contracting State:

2 - The term "professional services" includes especially independent scientific, literary, artistic, educational or teaching activities as well as the independent activities of physicians, lawyers, engineers, architects, dentists and accountants.

Article 16

Dependent personal services

1 - Subject to the provisions of articles 17, 19, 20, 21 and 22, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting State. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other State.

2 - Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned State if:

3 - Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this article, remuneration derived in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft operated in international traffic may be taxed in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.

Article 17

Directors' fees

Directors' fees and other similar payments derived by a resident of a Contracting State in his capacity as a member of the board of directors or supervisory board or of another similar organ of a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

Article 18

Artistes and sportspersons

1 - Notwithstanding the provisions of articles 15 and 16, income derived by a resident of a Contracting State as an entertainer, such as a theatre, motion picture, radio or television artiste, or a musician, or as a sportsperson, from his personal activities as such exercised in the other Contracting State, may be taxed in that other State.

2 - Where income in respect of personal activities exercised by an entertainer or a sportsperson in his capacity as such accrues not to the entertainer or sportsperson himself but to another person, that income may, notwithstanding the provisions of articles 7, 15 and 16, be taxed in the Contracting State in which the activities of the entertainer or sportsperson are exercised.

3 - The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2, shall not apply to income derived by a resident of a Contracting State from activities exercised in the other Contracting State if the visit to that other State is wholly or mainly supported by public funds of one or both of the Contracting States or of political or administrative subdivisions or local authorities thereof. In such a case, the income shall be taxable only in the Contracting State of which the entertainer or sportsperson is a resident.

Article 19

Pensions

Subject to the provisions of paragraph 2 of article 20, pensions and other similar remuneration paid to a resident of a Contracting State in consideration of past employment shall be taxable only in that State.

Article 20

Government service

1 - Salaries, wages and other similar remuneration paid by a Contracting State or a political or administrative subdivision or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or subdivision or authority shall be taxable only in that State. However, such salaries, wages and other similar remuneration shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the services are rendered in that State and the individual is a resident of that State who:

2 - Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, pensions and other similar remuneration paid by, or out of funds created by, a Contracting State or a political or administrative subdivision or a local authority thereof to an individual in respect of services rendered to that State or subdivision or authority shall be taxable only in that State. However, such pensions and other similar remuneration shall be taxable only in the other Contracting State if the individual is a resident of, and a national of, that State.

3 - The provisions of articles 16, 17, 18, and 19 shall apply to salaries, wages, pensions, and other similar remuneration in respect of services rendered in connection with a business carried on by a Contracting State or a political or administrative subdivision or a local authority thereof.

Article 21

Professors and researchers

1 - An individual who is or was a resident of a Contracting State immediately before visiting the other Contracting State, solely for the purpose of teaching or scientific research at an university, college, school, or other similar educational or scientific research institution which is recognized as non-profitable by the Government of that other State, or under an official programme of cultural exchange, for a period not exceeding two years from the date of his first arrival in that other State, shall be exempt from tax in that other State on his remuneration for such teaching or research.

2 - This article shall apply to income from research if such research is undertaken by the individual in the public interest and not primarily for the benefit of some private person or persons.

Article 22

Students

1 - Payments which a student or business apprentice who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting State a resident of the other Contracting State and who is present in the firstmentioned State solely for the purpose of his education or training receives for the purpose of his maintenance, education or training shall not be taxed in that State, provided that such payments arise from sources outside that State.

2 - A student or a business apprentice, who is or was immediately before visiting a Contracting State a resident of the other Contracting State and who is present in the first-mentioned Contracting State for a continuous period not exceeding six years, shall not be taxed in the first-mentioned Contracting State in respect of remuneration for services rendered in the first-mentioned Contracting State, provided that the services are directly connected with his studies or training and the remuneration does not exceed 7,500 EUR per year.

Article 23

Other income

1 - Items of income of a resident of a Contracting State, wherever arising, not dealt with in the foregoing articles of this Convention shall be taxable only in that State.

2 - The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to income, other than income from immovable property as defined in paragraph 2 of article 6, if the recipient of such income, being a resident of a Contracting State, carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, or performs in that other State independent personal services from a fixed base situated therein, and the right or property in respect of which the income is paid is effectively connected with such permanent establishment or fixed base. In such case the provisions of article 7 or article 15, as the case may be, shall apply.

3 - Where, by reason of a special relationship between the person referred to in paragraph 1 and some other person, or between both of them and some third person, the amount of the income referred to in paragraph 1 exceeds the amount (if any) which would have been agreed upon between them in the absence of such a relationship, the provisions of this article shall apply only to the last mentioned amount. In such a case, the excess part of the income shall remain taxable according to the laws of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

CHAPTER IV

Methods for elimination of double taxation

Article 24

Elimination of double taxation

1 - Subject to the provisions of Portuguese law regarding the elimination of international double taxation (which shall not affect the general principle hereof), double taxation shall be eliminated in Portugal as follows:

Where a resident of Portugal derives income which may be taxed in Kenya in accordance with the provisions of this Convention (except to the extent that these provisions allow taxation by Kenya solely because the income is also income derived by a resident of Kenya), Portugal shall allow, as a deduction from the tax on the income of that resident, an amount equal to the income tax paid in Kenya. Such deduction shall not, however, exceed that part of the income tax, as computed before the deduction is given, which is attributable to the income which may be taxed in Kenya.

2 - In Kenya, double taxation shall be eliminated as follows:

Where a resident of Kenya derives income which, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, may be taxed in Portugal, Kenya shall allow as a credit against the tax on the income of that resident, an amount equal to the tax paid in Portugal;

Such credit shall not, however, exceed that portion of the tax as computed before the credit is given, which is attributable to the income which may be taxed in Portugal.

3 - Where in accordance with any provisions of this Convention income derived by a resident of a Contracting State is exempt from tax in that State, such State may nevertheless, in calculating the amount of tax on the remaining income of such resident, take into account the exempted income.

CHAPTER V

Special provisions

Article 25

Non-discrimination

1 - Nationals of a Contracting State shall not be subjected in the other Contracting State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith, which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which nationals of that other State in the same circumstances, in particular with respect to residence, are or may be subjected. This provision shall, notwithstanding the provisions of article 1, also apply to persons who are not residents of one or both of the Contracting States.

2 - The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State shall not be less favourably levied in that other State than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other State carrying on the same activities. This provision shall not be construed as obliging a Contracting State to grant to residents of the other Contracting State any personal allowances, reliefs and reductions for taxation purposes on account of civil status or family responsibilities which it grants to its own residents.

3 - Except where the provisions of paragraph 1 of article 9, paragraph 7 of article 11, paragraph 6 of article 12, or paragraph 3 of article 23, apply, interest, royalties and other disbursements paid by an enterprise of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State shall, for the purpose of determining the taxable profits of such enterprise, be deductible under the same conditions as if they had been paid to a resident of the first-mentioned State.

4 - Enterprises of a Contracting State, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting State, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of the first-mentioned State are or may be subjected.

5 - The provisions of this article shall, notwithstanding the provisions of article 2, apply to taxes of every kind and description.

Article 26

Mutual agreement procedure

1 - Where a person considers that the actions of one or both of the Contracting States result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, he may, irrespective of the remedies provided by the domestic law of those States, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting State of which he is a resident or, if his case comes under paragraph 1 of article 25, to that of the Contracting State of which he is a national. The case must be presented within three years from the first notification of the action resulting in taxation not in accordance with the provisions of the Convention.

2 - The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at a satisfactory solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting State, with a view to the avoidance of taxation which is not in accordance with the Convention. Any agreement reached shall be implemented notwithstanding any time limits in the domestic law of the Contracting States.

3 - The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of the Convention. They may also consult together for the elimination of double taxation in cases not provided for in the Convention.

4 - The competent authorities of the Contracting States may communicate with each other directly, including through a joint commission consisting of themselves or their representatives, for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs.

Article 27

Exchange of information

1 - The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information as is foreseeably relevant for carrying out the provisions of this Convention or to the administration or enforcement of the domestic laws concerning taxes of every kind and description imposed on behalf of the Contracting States, or of their political or administrative subdivisions or local authorities, insofar as the taxation thereunder is not contrary to the Convention. The exchange of information is not restricted by articles 1 and 2.

2 - Any information received under paragraph 1 by a Contracting State shall be treated as secret in the same manner as information obtained under the domestic laws of that State and shall be disclosed only to persons or authorities (including courts and administrative bodies) concerned with the assessment or collection of, the enforcement or prosecution in respect of, the determination of appeals in relation to the taxes referred to in paragraph 1, or the oversight of the above. Such persons or authorities shall use the information only for such purposes. They may disclose the information in public court proceedings or in judicial decisions. Notwithstanding the foregoing, information received by a Contracting State may be used for other purposes when such information may be used for such other purposes under the laws of both States and the competent authority of the supplying State authorises such use.

3 - In no case shall the provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 be construed so as to impose on a Contracting State the obligation:

4 - If information is requested by a Contracting State in accordance with this article, the other Contracting State shall use its information gathering measures to obtain the requested information, even though that other State may not need such information for its own tax purposes. The obligation contained in the preceding sentence is subject to the limitations of paragraph 3 but in no case shall such limitations be construed to permit a Contracting State to decline to supply information solely because it has no domestic interest in such information.

5 - In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 3 be construed to permit a Contracting State to decline to supply information solely because the information is held by a bank, other financial institution, nominee or person acting in an agency or a fiduciary capacity or because it relates to ownership interests in a person.

Article 28

Use and transfer of personal data

1 - The data used and transferred within the framework of this Convention shall, in accordance with the applicable laws, be:

2 - If a person whose data are transferred requests access to them, the requested Contracting State shall grant that person direct access to those data and correct them, except where this request may be refused under the applicable laws.

3 - The data received by the competent authorities of the Contracting States within the framework of this Convention shall not be transferred to a third jurisdiction without the prior consent of the requested Contracting State and the appropriate legal safeguards for the protection of personal data, in accordance with the applicable laws.

Article 29

Assistance in the collection of taxes

1 - The Contracting States shall lend assistance to each other in the collection of revenue claims. This assistance is not restricted by articles 1 and 2. The competent authorities of the Contracting States may by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this Article.

2 - The term "revenue claim" as used in this article means an amount owed in respect of taxes of every kind and description imposed on behalf of the Contracting States, or of their political or administrative subdivisions or local authorities, insofar as the taxation thereunder is not contrary to this Convention or any other instrument to which the Contracting States are parties, as well as interest, administrative penalties and costs of collection or conservancy related to such amount.

3 - When a revenue claim of a Contracting State is enforceable under the laws of that State and is owed by a person who, at that time, cannot, under the laws of that State, prevent its collection, that revenue claim shall, at the request of the competent authority of that State, be accepted for purposes of collection by the competent authority of the other Contracting State. That revenue claim shall be collected by that other State in accordance with the provisions of its laws applicable to the enforcement and collection of its own taxes as if the revenue claim were a revenue claim of that other State.

4 - When a revenue claim of a Contracting State is a claim in respect of which that State may, under its law, take measures of conservancy with a view to ensure its collection, that revenue claim shall, at the request of the competent authority of that State, be accepted for purposes of taking measures of conservancy by the competent authority of the other Contracting State. That other State shall take measures of conservancy in respect of that revenue claim in accordance with the provisions of its laws as if the revenue claim were a revenue claim of that other State even if, at the time when such measures are applied, the revenue claim is not enforceable in the first-mentioned State or is owed by a person who has a right to prevent its collection.

5 - Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraphs 3 and 4, a revenue claim accepted by a Contracting State for purposes of paragraph 3 or 4 shall not, in that State, be subject to the time limits or accorded any priority applicable to a revenue claim under the laws of that State by reason of its nature as such. In addition, a revenue claim accepted by a Contracting State for the purposes of paragraph 3 or 4 shall not, in that State, have any priority applicable to that revenue claim under the laws of the other Contracting State.

6 - Proceedings with respect to the existence, validity or the amount of a revenue claim of a Contracting State shall not be brought before the courts or administrative bodies of the other Contracting State.

7 - Where, at any time after a request has been made by a Contracting State under paragraph 3 or 4 and before the other Contracting State has collected and remitted the relevant revenue claim to the first-mentioned State, the relevant revenue claim ceases to be:

the competent authority of the other State of that fact and, at the option of the other State, the firstmentioned State shall either suspend or withdraw its request.

8 - In no case shall the provisions of this article be construed so as to impose on a Contracting State the obligation:

Article 30

Entitlement to benefits

1 - The provisions of this Convention shall in no case prevent a Contracting State from the application of the provisions of its domestic law and measures concerning tax avoidance or evasion, whether or not described as such.

2 - The benefits of this Convention shall not be granted to a resident of a Contracting State who is not the beneficial owner of the income derived from the other Contracting State.

3 - Notwithstanding the other provisions of this Convention, a benefit under this Convention shall not be granted in respect of an item of income if it is reasonable to conclude, having regard to all relevant facts and circumstances, that obtaining that benefit was one of the principal purposes of any arrangement or transaction that resulted directly or indirectly in that benefit, unless it is established that granting that benefit in these circumstances would be in accordance with the object and purpose of the relevant provisions of this Convention.

Article 31

Members of diplomatic missions and consular posts

Nothing in this Convention shall affect the fiscal privileges of members of diplomatic missions or consular posts under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements.

Article 32

Miscellaneous Provisions

This Convention shall not affect the taxation, by a Contracting State, of its residents except with respect to the benefits granted under paragraph 2 of article 9 and articles 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26 and 31.

CHAPTER VI

Final Provisions

Article 33

Entry into force

1 - This Convention shall enter into force thirty days after the date of receipt of the latter of the notifications, in writing and through diplomatic channels, conveying the completion of the internal procedures of each Contracting State required for that purpose.

2 - The provisions of this Convention shall have effect:

(i) In respect of taxes withheld at source, where the event giving rise to such taxes occurs on or after the first day of January next following the date on which this Convention enters into force; and

(ii) In respect of other taxes, for taxable periods beginning on or after the first day of January next following the date on which this Convention enters into force;

(i) With regard to taxes withheld at source, on amounts paid or accrued after the end of the calendar year in which such notice is given; and

(ii) With regard to other taxes on income arising for the years of income commencing after the end of the calendar year in which such notice is given.

Article 34

Duration and termination

1 - Following the expiration of an initial period of five years, this Convention shall remain in force for an indeterminate period of time.

2 - Following the expiration of the initial period of five years, either Contracting State may denounce this Convention upon notification, in writing through diplomatic channels, before the first day of July of the concerned calendar year.

3 - In case of denunciation, this Convention shall cease to have effect:

(i) In respect of taxes withheld at source, where the event giving rise to such taxes occurs on or after the first day of January next following that in which the notice of termination is given; and

(ii) In respect of other taxes, for taxable periods beginning on or after the first day of January next following that in which the notice of termination is given;

(i) In respect of taxes withheld at the source on amounts paid or credited to non-residents on or after the 1st day of January in the calendar year next following that in which the notice of termination is given;

(ii) In respect of other taxes on income arising for the year of income next following that in which the notice of termination is given, and subsequent years.

In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorized thereto, have signed this Convention.

Done in duplicate Lisbon this 10th day of July 2018, in the Portuguese and English languages, all texts being equally authentic.

For the Portuguese Republic:

António Mendonça Mendes, Secretary of State for Tax Affairs.

For the Republic of Kenya:

Henry Rotich, Cabinet Secretary for the National Treasury and Planning.

PROTOCOL TO THE CONVENTION BETWEEN THE PORTUGUESE REPUBLIC AND THE REPUBLIC OF KENYA FOR THE ELIMINATION OF DOUBLE TAXATION WITH RESPECT TO TAXES ON INCOME AND THE PREVENTION OF TAX EVASION AND AVOIDANCE

On signing the Convention between the Portuguese Republic and the Republic of Kenya for the Elimination of Double Taxation with respect to Taxes on Income and the Prevention of Tax Evasion and Avoidance (hereinafter referred to as "the Convention"), the signatories have agreed that the following provisions shall form an integral part of the Convention:

1 - For the purposes of the Convention, income derived by or through an entity or arrangement that is established and operated in either Contracting State and that is treated as wholly or partly fiscally transparent under the tax law of either Contracting State shall be considered to be income of a resident of a Contracting State but only to the extent that the income is treated, for purposes of taxation by that State, as the income of a resident of that State.

2 - For the purposes of computing the time limit in paragraph 3 (a) of article 5, it is understood that the twelve months period begins from the date on which the construction activity itself begins; it does not take into account the time spent solely on preparatory activities.

3 - With reference to article 10, paragraph 3, of the Convention, it is agreed that, in the case of Portugal, the term "dividends" also includes profits attributed under an arrangement for participation in profits ("associação em participação").

4 - In relation to article 7 (1), it is agreed that, if an enterprise of a Contracting State sells goods or merchandise of the same or similar kind as those sold by the permanent establishment, the profits of such sales may be attributed to the permanent establishment if it is demonstrated that these profits are related to the activities of the permanent establishment.

5 - With reference to article 7, paragraph 3, of the Convention, it is agreed that the conditions for the deductibility of expenses attributed to a permanent establishment, for purposes of determining the profits attributable to that permanent establishment, are a matter to be determined by domestic law, subject to the rules of article 25 of the Convention (in particular, paragraphs 3 and 4 of that Article).

6 - With reference to articles 8 and 23 of the Convention, it is understood that the provisions of articles 8 and 23 shall apply to taxes on income levied on the basis of the gross receipts in respect of the carriage of passengers and cargo in international traffic.

7 - With reference to article 27 of the Convention, the Contracting States shall comply with the guidelines for the regulation of computer files containing personal data as established by the United Nations General Assembly Resolution A/RES/45/95, adopted on the 14th December 1990.

In witness whereof the undersigned, duly authorized thereto, have signed this Protocol.

Done in duplicate Lisbon this 10th day of July 2018, in the Portuguese and English languages, all texts being equally authentic.

For the Portuguese Republic:

António Mendonça Mendes, Secretary of State for Tax Affairs.

For the Republic of Kenya:

Henry Rotich, Cabinet Secretary for the National Treasury and Planning.