Decreto n.º 365/73 — Aprova para ratificação a Convenção entre Portugal e a Dinamarca para Evitar a Dupla Tributação em Matéria de Impostos…

This Convention shall apply to taxes on income imposed on behalf of each Contracting State or of its local authorities, irrespective of the manner in which they are levied.

There shall be regarded as taxes on income all taxes imposed on total income, or on elements of income, including taxes on gains from the alienation of movable or immovable property, as well as taxes on capital appreciation.

The existing taxes to which the Convention shall apply are:

The Convention shall also apply to any identical or substantially similar taxes which are subsequently imposed in addition to, or in place of, the existing taxes. At the begining of each year, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall notify to each other any substantial changes which have been made in their respective taxation laws during the preceding year.

In this Convention, unless the context otherwise requires:

As regards the application of the Convention by a Contracting State any term not otherwise defined shall, unless the context otherwise requires, have the meaning which it has under the laws of that Contracting State relating to the taxes which are the subject of the Convention.

For the purposes of this Convention, the term ((resident of a Contracting State» means any person who, under the law of that State, is liable to taxation therein by reason of his domicile, residence, place of management or any other criterion of a similar nature.

Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then this case shall be determined in accordance with the following rules:

Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a person other than an individual is a resident of both Contracting States, then it shall be deemed to be a resident of the Contracting State in which its place of effective management is situated.

Where an individual has transferred his residence from a Contracting State to the other Contracting State the right of that first State to tax such individual on account of his residence is limited to the income regarding such period before that transfer of residence and the right of the other Contracting State to tax such individual on account of his residence is limited to the income regarding such period as after that transfer of residence.

For the purposes of this Convention, the term «permanent establishment» means a fixed place of business in which the business of the enterprise is wholly or partly carried on.

The term «permanent establishment» shall include especially:

The term «permanent establishment» shall not be deemed to include:

A person acting in a Contracting State on behalf of an enterprise of the other Contracting State - other than an agent of an independent status to whom paragraph 5 applies - shall be deemed to be a permanent establishment in the first-mentioned State if he has, and habitually exercises in that State, an authority to conclude contracts in the name of the enterprise, unless his activities are limited to the purchase of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.

An enterprise of a Contracting State shall not be deemed to have a permanent establishment in the other Contracting State merely because it carries on business in that other State through a broker, general commission agent or any other agent of an independent status, where such person are acting in the ordinary course of their business.

The fact that a company which is a resident of a Contracting State controls or is controlled by a company which is a resident of the other Contracting State, or which carries on business in that other State (whether through a permanent establishment or otherwise), shall not of itself constitute either company a permanent establishment of the other.

Income from immovable property may be taxed in the Contracting State in which such property is situated.

The term «immovable property» shall be defined in accordance with the law of the Contracting State in which the property in question is situated. The term shall in any case include property accessory to immovable property, livestock and equipment used in agriculture and forestry, rights to which the provisions of general law respecting landed property apply, usufruct of immovable property and rights to variable or fixed payments as consideration for the working of, or the right to work, mineral deposits, sources and other natural resources; ships, boats and aircraft shall not be regarded as immovable property.

The provisions of paragraph 1 shall apply to income derived from the direct use, letting, or use in any other form of immovable property. Those provisions shall also apply to income from property which, under the taxation law of the Contracting State in which the property in question is situated, is treated as income from immovable property.

The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 3 shall also apply to the income from immovable property of an enterprise and to income from immovable property used for performance of professional services.

The profits of an enterprise of a Contracting State shall be taxable only in that State unless the enterprise carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein. If the enterprise carries on business as aforesaid, the profits of the enterprise may be taxed in the other State but only so much of them as is attributable to that permanent establishment.

Where an enterprise of a Contracting State carries on business in the other Contracting State through a permanent establishment situated therein, there shall in each Contracting State be attributed to that permanent establishment the profits which it might be expected to make if it were a distinct and separate enterprise engaged in the same or similar activities under the same or similiar conditions and dealing wholly independently.

In the determination of the profits of a permanent establishment, there shall be allowed as deductions expenses which are incurred for the purposes of the permanent establishment including executive and general administrative expenses so incurred, whether in the State in which the permanent establishment is situated or elsewhere. Nothing in this paragraph shall however authorize a deduction for expenses which would not be deductible if the permanent establishment were a separate enterprise.

Insofar as it has been customary in a Contracting State to determine the profits to be attributed to a permanent establishment on the basis of an apportionment of the total profits of the enterprise to its various parts, nothing in paragraph 2 shall preclude that Contracting State from determining the profits to be taxed by such an apportionment as may be customary; the method of apportionment adopted shall, however, be such that the result shall be in accordance with the principles laid down in this Article.

No profits shall be attributed to a permanent establishment by reason of the mere purchase by that permanent establishment of goods or merchandise for the enterprise.

For the purposes of the preceding paragraph, the profits to be attributed to the permanent establishment shall be determined by the same method year by year unless there is good and sufficient reason to the contrary.

Where profits include items of income which are dealt with separately in other Articles of this Convention, then the provisions of those Articles shall not be affected by the provisions of this Article.

Profits from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic shall be taxable only in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.

If the place of effective management of a shipping enterprise is aboard a ship, then it shall be deemed to be situated in the Contracting State in which the home harbour of the ship is situated, or, if there is no such home harbour, in the Contracting State of which the operator of the ship is a resident.

Profits from the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic made by an enterprise of a Contracting State and obtained through the participation in a pool, in a joint business or in an international operating agency shall be taxable in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.

Dividends attributed by a company which is a resident of a Contracting State to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

However, such dividends may be taxed in the Contracting State of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, and according to the law of that State, but the tax so charged shall not exceed:

The term «dividends» as used in this Article means income from shares, «jouissance» shares or «jouissance» rights, mining shares, founders shares or other rights, not being debt-claims, participating in profits, as well as income from other corporate rights assimilated to income from shares by the taxation law of the State of which the company making the distribution is a resident. The term also includes profits attributed under an arrangement for participation in profits (conta em participação).

The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the recipient of the dividends, being a resident of a Contracting State, has in the other Contracting State, of which the company paying the dividends is a resident, a permanent establishment with which the holding by virtue of which the dividends are attributed is effectively connected. In such a case, dividends may be taxed in that other State and according to its taxation law.

Where a company which is a resident of a Contracting State derives profits or income from the other Contracting State, that other State may not impose any tax on the dividends attributed by the company to persons who are not residents of that other State, or subject the company's undistributed profits to a tax on undistributed profits, even if the dividends attributed or the undistributed profits consist wholly or partly of profits or income arising in such other State; this provision shall not be construed as restricting the right of that other State to tax dividends having regard to a participation which is effectively connected with a permanent establishment carried on in that other State by a person who is not a resident of such State.

Interest arising in a Contracting State and attributed to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

However, such interest may be taxed in the Contracting State in which it arises, and according to the law of that State, but the tax so charged shall not exceed 15 per cent of the amount of the interest.

The term «interest» as used in this Article means income from Government securities, bonds or debentures, whether or not secured by mortgage and whether or not carrying a right to participate in profits, and other debt-claims of every kind as well as all other income assimilated to income from money lent by the taxation law of the State in which the income arises. The term also includes any amount attributed for the suspension or reduction of particular industrial, commercial or business activity carried on, or formerly carried on, by an enterprise of a Contracting State.

The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the recipient of the interest, being a resident of a Contracting State, has in the other Contracting State in which the interest arises a permanent establishment with which the debt-dim from which the interest arises is effectively connected. In such a case, interest may be taxed in that other State and according to its taxation law.

Interest shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is that State itself, a local authority or a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the interest, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment in connection with which the indebtedness on which the interest is paid was incurred, and such interest is borne by such permanent establishment, then such interest shall be deemed to arise in the Contracting State in which the permanent establishment is situated.

Where, owing to a special relationship between the payer and the recipient or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the interest attributed, having regard to the debt-claim for which it is attributed, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the recipient in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In that case, the excess part of the attributions shall remain taxable according to the law of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

Royalties arising in a Contracting State and attributed to a resident of the other Contracting State may be taxed in that other State.

However, such royalties may be taxed in the Contracting State in which they arise, and according to the law of that State, but the tax so charged shall not exceed 10 per cent of the gross amount of the royalties. The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall by mutual agreement settle the mode of application of this limitation.

The term «royalties» as used in this Article means remunerations of any kind attributed for the use of, or the right to use, any copyright of literary, artistic or scientific work including cinematograph films and films or tapes for radio or television broadcasting, any patent, trade mark, design or model, plan, secret formula or process, or for the use of, or the right to use, industrial, commercial or scientific equipment, or for information concerning industrial, commercial or scientific experience.

The provisions of paragraphs 1 and 2 shall not apply if the recipient of the royalties, being a resident of a Contracting State, has in the other Contracting State in which the royalties arise e permanent establishment with which the right or property giving rise to the royalties is effectively connected. In such a case, royalties may be taxed in that other State, and according to its taxation law.

Royalties shall be deemed to arise in a Contracting State when the payer is that State itself, a local authority or a resident of that State. Where, however, the person paying the royalties, whether he is a resident of a Contracting State or not, has in a Contracting State a permanent establishment in connection with which the obligation to pay the royalties was incurred, and the royalties are borne by the permanent establishment, then the royalties shall be deemed to arise in the Contracting State in which the permanent establishment is situated.

Where, owing to a special relationship between the payer and the recipient or between both of them and some other person, the amount of the royalties attributed, having regard to the use, right or information for which they are attributed, exceeds the amount which would have been agreed upon by the payer and the recipient in the absence of such relationship, the provisions of this Article shall apply only to the last-mentioned amount. In that case, the excess part of the attributions shall remain taxable according to the law of each Contracting State, due regard being had to the other provisions of this Convention.

Gains from the alienation of immovable property, as defined in paragraph 2 of Article 6, may be taxed in the Contracting State in which such property is situated.

Gains from the alienation of movable property forming part of the business property of a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State or of movable property pertaining to a fixed base available to a resident of a Contracting State in the other Contracting State for the purpose of performing professional services, including such gains from the alienation of such a permanent establishment (alone or together with the whole enterprise) or of such a fixed base, may be taxed in the other State. However, gains from the alienation of ships and aircraft operated in international traffic, and movable property pertaining to the operation of such ships and aircraft shall be taxable only in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.

Gains from the alienation of any property other than those mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2, shall be taxable only in the Contracting State of which the alienator is a resident.

The provisions of this Article shall not be construed as restricting the right of Portugal to levy tax on gains from the incorporation of reserves in the capital of companies with head office or effective management in Portugal or issue of shares with right of preference for the members of such companies.

Income derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of professional services of other independent activities of a similar character shall be taxable only in that State. However, in the following circumstances such income may be taxed in the other Contracting State, that is to say:

The term «professional services» includes, especially, independent scientific, literary, artistic, educational or teaching activities as well as the independent activities of physicians, lawyers, engineers, architects, dentists and accountants.

Subject to the provisions of Articles 16, 18, 19 and 20, salaries, wages and other similar remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment shall be taxable only in that State unless the employment is exercised in the other Contracting State. If the employment is so exercised, such remuneration as is derived therefrom may be taxed in that other State.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1, remuneration derived by a resident of a Contracting State in respect of an employment exercised in the other Contracting State shall be taxable only in the first-mentioned State if:

Not withstanding the preceding provisions of this Article, remuneration in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft in international traffic may be taxed in the Contracting State in which the place of effective management of the enterprise is situated.

Remuneration, including pensions, paid by, or out of founds created by, a Contracting State or a local authority thereof to any individual, in respect of services rendered to that State or local authority thereof may be taxed in that State.

The provisions of Articles 15, 16 and 18 shall apply to remunerations or pensions in respect of services rendered in connection with any trade or business carried on by one of the Contracting States or a local authority thereof.

Where a resident of Portugal derives income which, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, may be taxed in Denmark, Portugal shall allow as a deduction from the tax on the income of that person an amount equal to the income tax paid in Denmark. Such deduction shall not, however, exceed that part of the Portuguese tax, as computed before the deduction is given, which is appropriate to the income taxed in Denmark.

Where a resident of Denmark derives income which, in accordance with the provisions of this Convention, may be taxed in Portugal, Denmark shall allow as a deduction from the income tax that part of the income tax which is appropriate to the income derived from Portugal.

Where a resident of Denmark derives income which, in accordance with the provisions of Articles 10, 11 and 12 may be taxed in Portugal, Denmark shall subject to the provisions of paragraph 4 and 5, allow as a deduction from the tax on the income of that person an amount equal to the tax paid in Portugal. Such deduction shall not, however, exceed that part of the tax, as computed before the deduction is given, which is appropriate to the income taxed in Portugal.

Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 3 of this Article, dividends attributed or paid by a company which is a resident of Portugal to a company which is a resident of Denmark, shall be exempted from Danish tax to the extent to which, in accordance with the laws of Denmark, the dividends would have been exempted from Danish tax if the first-mentioned company had been a resident of Denmark and not a resident of Portugal, provided that such dividends are not deductible from the total net profits of the attributing or paying company for the purpose of computing all Portuguese income taxes.

The provisions of paragraph 3 shall also apply when the Portuguese income tax appropriate to dividends, interest and royalties has been wholly relieved or reduced as if no such relief had been given or no such reduction had been allowed.

The nationals of a Contracting State shall not be subjected in the other Contracting State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which nationals of that other State in the same circumstances are or may be subjected.

The term «nationals» means:

The taxation on a permanent establishment which an enterprise of a Contracting State has in the other Contracting State shall not be less favourably levied in that other State than the taxation levied on enterprises of that other State carrying on the same activities.

Enterprises of a Contracting State, the capital of which is wholly or partly owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by one or more residents of the other Contracting State, shall not be subjected in the first-mentioned Contracting State to any taxation or any requirement connected therewith which is other or more burdensome than the taxation and connected requirements to which other similar enterprises of that first-mentioned State are or may be subjected.

Where a resident of a Contracting State considers that the actions of one or both of the Contracting States result or will result for him in taxation not in accordance with this Convention, he may, notwithstanding the remedies provided by the national laws of those States, present his case to the competent authority of the Contracting State of which he is a resident.

The competent authority shall endeavour, if the objection appears to it to be justified and if it is not itself able to arrive at an appropriate solution, to resolve the case by mutual agreement with the competent authority of the other Contracting State, with a view to the avoidance of taxation not in accordance with the Convention.

The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall endeavour to resolve by mutual agreement any difficulties or doubts arising as to the interpretation or application of the Convention. They may also consult together for the elimination of double taxation in cases not provided for in the Convention.

The competent authorities of the Contracting States may communicate with each other directly for the purpose of reaching an agreement in the sense of the preceding paragraphs. When it seems advisable in order to reach agreement to have an oral exchange of opinions, such exchange may take place through a Commission consisting of representatives of the competent authorities of the Contracting States.

The competent authorities of the Contracting States shall exchange such information as is necessary for the carrying out of this Convention and of the domestic laws of the Contracting States concerning taxes covered by this Convention insofar as the taxation thereunder is in accordance with this Convention. Any information so exchanged shall be treated as secret and shall not be disclosed to any persons or authorities other than those concerned with the assessment or collection of the taxes which are the subject of the Convention.

In no case shall the provisions of paragraph 1 be construed so as to impose on one of the Contracting States the obligation:

Nothing in this Convention shall affect the fiscal privileges of diplomatic or consular officials under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special agreements.

Insofar as, due to fiscal privileges granted to diplomatic or consular officials under the general rules of international law or under the provisions of special international treaties, income is not subject to tax in the receiving State, the right to tax shall be reserved to the sending State.

For the purposes of this Convention, persons who are members of a diplomatic or consular mission of a Contracting State in the other Contracting State or in a third State and who are nationals of the sending State, shall be deemend to be residents of the sending State if they are submitted therein to the same obligations in respect of taxes on income as are residents of that State.

This Convention may be extended, either in its entirety or with any necessary modifications, to any part of the territory of Portugal or Denmark which is implicitly excluded from the application of the Convention and which imposes taxes substantially similar in character to those to which the Convention applies. Any such extension shall take effect from such date and subject to such modifications and conditions, including conditions as to termination, as may be specified and agreed between the Contracting States in notes to be exchanged through diplomatic channels or in any other manner in accordance with their constitutional procedures.

Unless otherwise agreed by both Contracting States, the denunciation of the Convention by one of them under Article 29 shall terminate, in the manner provided for in that Article, the application of the Convention to any part of the territory of Portugal or Denmark to which it has been extended under this Article.

The Convention shall enter into force one month after the exchange of notes confirming that each of the Contracting States have completed the constitutional procedures required for such entry into force in the respective States and its provisions shall have effect for the first time:

The provisions of Article 8 shall be applicable for the first time to the taxes on profits from the operation of aircraft in international traffic arising in 1966.

The provisions or Article 19 (1) shall be applicable for the first time to the income arising in 1970.

Where an enterprise engaged in the operation of ships or aircraft in international traffic is carried on by one or more partners jointly and severally responsible and resident in a Contracting State and by one or more partners jointly and severally responsible and resident in the other Contracting State, and the competent authorities of both States agree that it is not feasible to determine that the place of the effective management of the enterprise is situated in one of the Contracting States only, profits as mentioned in paragraph 1 of Article 8 and gains as mentioned in paragraph 2 (second sentence) of Article 13 shall be taxable in proportion to the share which each of the partners jointly and severally responsible is holding, only in the Contracting State of which that partner is a resident.

The provisions of paragraph 1 of Article 8 and paragraph 2 (second sentence) of Article 13 shall be applied respectively to profits or capital gains derived by the joint Norwegian, Danish and Swedish air transport organization Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS), but only in so far as profits and gains so derived by the Danish partner of the Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) in proportion to its share in that organization.

Remuneration as mentioned in paragraph 2 of Article 15 may be taxed in the Contracting State where the employment is exercised if the recipient of such remuneration is present in that State for a period or periods exceeding in the aggregate 183 days in the calendar year concerned as from the outset of such period or periods.

Remuneration as mentioned in paragraph 3 of Article 15 may be taxed in the Contracting State where the ship or aircraft is registered when derived in respect of an employment exercised aboard a ship or aircraft in international traffic operated by an enterprise which is carried on by one or more partners jointly and severally responsible and resident in a Contracting State and by one or more partners jointly and severally responsible and resident in the other Contracting State, and where it is not feasible to determine that the place of the effective management of the enterprise is situated in one of the Contracting States only.

Remuneration as mentioned in paragraph 3 of Article 15 in respect of an employment exercised aboard an aircraft operated in international traffic by the Scandinavian Airlines System (SAS) and derived by a resident of Denmark shall de taxable only in that State.

Esta Convenção aplica-se aos impostos sobre o rendimento exigidos por cada um dos Estados Contratantes e suas autarquias locais, seja qual for o sistema usado para a sua percepção.

São considerados impostos sobre o rendimento os impostos incidentes sobre o rendimento total, ou sobre parcelas do rendimento, incluídos os impostos sobre os ganhos derivados da alienação de bens mobiliários ou imobiliários, bem como os impostos sobre as mais-valias.

Os impostos actuais a que esta Convenção se aplica são:

A Convenção será também aplicável aos impostos futuros de natureza idêntica ou similar que venham a acrescer aos actuais ou a substituí-los. As autoridades competentes dos Estados Contratantes comunicarão uma à outra, no princípio de cada ano, as modificações importantes introduzidas nas respectivas legislações fiscais no ano anterior.

Nesta Convenção, a não ser que o contexto exija interpretação diferente:

Para a aplicação da Convenção por um Estado Contratante, qualquer expressão não definida de outro modo terá, a não ser que o contexto exija interpretação diferente, o significado que lhe é atribuído pela legislação desse Estado Contratante relativa aos impostos que são objecto da Convenção.

Para efeitos desta Convenção, a expressão «residente de um Estado Contratante» significa qualquer pessoa que, por virtude da legislação desse Estado, está aí sujeita a imposto devido ao seu domicílio, à sua residência, ao local de direcção ou a qualquer outro critério de natureza similar.

Quando, por virtude do disposto no n.º 1, uma pessoa singular for residente de ambos os Estados Contratantes, a situação será resolvida de acordo com as seguintes regras:

Quando, por virtude do disposto no n.º 1, uma pessoa, que não seja uma pessoa singular, for residente de ambos os Estados Contratantes, será considerada residente do Estado Contratante em que estiver situada a sua direcção efectiva.

Sempre que uma pessoa singular tenha transferido a sua residência de um Estado Contratante para o outro Estado Contratante, o direito do primeiro Estado de tributar essa pessoa com base na residência é limitado aos rendimentos relativos ao período anterior à transferência da residência e o direito do outro Estado Contratante de tributar essa pessoa com base na residência é limitado aos rendimentos respeitantes ao período posterior a essa transferência de residência.

Para efeitos desta Convenção, a expressão «estabelecimento estável» significa uma instalação fixa onde a empresa exerça toda ou parte da sua actividade.

A expressão «estabelecimento estável» compreende, nomeadamente:

A expressão «estabelecimento estável» não compreende:

Uma pessoa que actue num Estado Contratante por conta de uma empresa do outro Estado Contratante, desde que não seja um agente independente a que é aplicável o n.º 5, será considerada como estabelecimento estável da empresa no Estado primeiramente mencionado, se tiver e exercer habitualmente neste Estado poderes para concluir contratos em nome da empresa, a não ser que a actividade dessa pessoa se limite à compra de mercadorias para a empresa.

Não se considera que uma empresa de um Estado Contratante tem um estabelecimento estável no outro Estado Contratante pelo simples facto de exercer a sua actividade nesse outro Estado por intermédio de um corretor, de um comissário geral ou de qualquer outro agente independente, desde que essas pessoas actuem no âmbito normal da sua actividade.

O facto de uma sociedade residente de um Estado Contratante controlar ou ser controlada por uma sociedade residente do outro Estado Contratante ou que exerce a sua actividade nesse outro Estado, quer seja através de um estabelecimento estável, quer de outro modo, não é, por si, bastante para fazer de qualquer dessas sociedades estabelecimento estável da outra.

Os rendimentos provenientes de bens imobiliários podem ser tributados no Estado Contratante em que esses bens estiverem situados.

A expressão «bens imobiliários» é definida de acordo com o direito do Estado Contratante em que tais bens estiverem situados. A expressão compreende sempre os acessórios, o gado e o equipamento das explorações agrícolas e florestais, os direitos a que se apliquem as disposições do direito privado relativas à propriedade de bens imóveis, o usufruto de bens imobiliários e os direitos a retribuições variáveis ou fixas pela exploração ou pela concessão da exploração de jazigos minerais, fontes e outros recursos naturais; os navios, barcos e aeronaves não são considerados bens imobiliários.

A disposição do n.º 1 aplica-se aos rendimentos derivados da utilização directa, do arrendamento ou de qualquer outra forma de utilização dos bens imobiliários. Essa disposição aplica-se igualmente aos rendimentos derivados dos bens que, de acordo com a legislação fiscal do Estado Contratante em que tais bens estiverem situados, sejam assimilados aos rendimentos derivados dos bens imobiliários.

O disposto nos n.os 1 e 3 aplica-se igualmente aos rendimentos provenientes dos bens imobiliários de uma empresa e aos rendimentos dos bens imobiliários utilizados para o exercício de profissões liberais.

Os lucros de uma empresa de um Estado Contratante só podem ser tributados nesse Estado, a não ser que a empresa exerça a sua actividade no outro Estado Contratante por meio de um estabelecimento estável aí situado. Se a empresa exercer a sua actividade deste modo, os seus lucros podem ser tributados no outro Estado, mas unicamente na medida em que forem imputáveis a esse estabelecimento estável.

Quando uma empresa de um Estado Contratante exercer a sua actividade no outro Estado Contratante por meio de um estabelecimento estável aí situado, serão imputados, em cada Estado Contratante, a esse estabelecimento estável os lucros que este obteria se fosse uma empresa distinta e separada que exercesse as mesmas actividades ou actividades similares, nas mesmas condições ou em condições similares e tratasse com absoluta independência.

Na determinação do lucro de um estabelecimento estável é permitido deduzir as despesas devidamente comprovadas que tiverem sido feitas para realização dos fins prosseguidos por esse estabelecimento estável, incluindo as despesas de direcção e as despesas gerais de administração igualmente comprovadas e efectuadas com o fim referido, quer no Estado em que esse estabelecimento estável estiver situado, quer fora dele. Consideram-se excluídas as despesas que não seriam dedutíveis se o estabelecimento estável fosse uma empresa separada.

Se for usual, num Estado Contratante, determinar os lucros imputáveis a um estabelecimento estável com base numa repartição dos lucros totais da empresa entre as suas diversas partes, a disposição do n.º 2 não impedirá esse Estado Contratante de determinar os lucros tributáveis de acordo com a repartição usual; o método de repartição adoptado deve, no entanto, conduzir a um resultado conforme com os princípios enunciados neste artigo.

Nenhum lucro será imputado a um estabelecimento estável pelo facto da simples compra de mercadorias, por esse estabelecimento estável, para a empresa.

Para efeitos dos números precedentes, os lucros a imputar ao estabelecimento estável serão calculados, em cada ano, segundo o mesmo método, a não ser que existam motivos válidos e suficientes para proceder de forma diferente.

Quando os lucros compreendam elementos do rendimento especialmente tratados noutros artigos desta Convenção, as respectivas disposições não serão afectadas pelas deste artigo.

Os lucros provenientes da exploração de navios ou aeronaves no tráfego internacional só podem ser tributados no Estado Contratante em que estiver situada a direcção efectiva da empresa.

Se a direcção efectiva de uma empresa de navegação marítima se situar a bordo de um navio, a direcção efectiva considera-se situada no Estado Contratante em que se encontra o porto onde esse navio estiver registado, ou, na falta do porto de registo, no Estado Contratante de que é residente a pessoa que explora o navio.

Os lucros provenientes da exploração de navios ou aeronaves no tráfego internacional por uma empresa de um Estado Contratante e obtidos através da participação num «pool», numa exploração em comum ou num organismo internacional de exploração só podem ser tributados no Estado Contratante em que estiver situada a direcção efectiva da empresa.

Os dividendos atribuídos por uma sociedade residente de um Estado Contratante a um residente do outro Estado Contratante podem ser tributados nesse outro Estado.

Esses dividendos podem, no entanto, ser tributados no Estado Contratante de que é residente a sociedade que paga os dividendos e de acordo com a legislação desse Estado, mas o imposto assim estabelecido não excederá:

O termo «dividendos», usado neste artigo, significa os rendimentos provenientes de acções, acções ou bónus de fruição, partes de minas, partes de fundador ou outros direitos, com excepção dos créditos, que permitam participar nos lucros, assim como os rendimentos derivados de outras partes sociais assimilados aos rendimentos das acções pela legislação fiscal do Estado de que é residente a sociedade que os distribui. O termo inclui também os lucros atribuídos pelo partícipe, em regime de conta em participação.

O disposto nos n.os 1 e 2 não é aplicável se o beneficiário dos dividendos, residente de um Estado Contratante, tiver, no outro Estado Contratante de que é residente a sociedade que paga os dividendos, um estabelecimento estável a que estiver efectivamente ligada a participação que dá origem aos dividendos. Neste caso, os dividendos podem ser tributados nesse outro Estado e de acordo com a sua legislação fiscal.

Quando uma sociedade residente de um Estado Contratante obtiver lucros ou rendimentos provenientes do outro Estado Contratante, este outro Estado não poderá exigir nenhum imposto sobre os dividendos atribuídos pela sociedade às pessoas não residentes desse outro Estado, nem sujeitar os lucros não distribuídos da sociedade a um imposto sobre os lucros não distribuídos, mesmo que os dividendos atribuídos ou os lucros não distribuídos consistam, total ou parcialmente, em lucros ou rendimentos provenientes desse outro Estado; esta disposição não será interpretada como limitando o direito desse outro Estado de tributar os dividendos respeitantes a uma participação efectivamente ligada a um estabelecimento estável que nesse outro Estado tenha uma pessoa não residente de tal Estado.

Os juros provenientes de um Estado Contratante e atribuídos a um residente do outro Estado Contratante podem ser tributados nesse outro Estado.

No entanto, esses juros podem ser tributados no Estado Contratante de que provêm e de acordo com a legislação desse Estado, mas o imposto assim estabelecido não excederá 15% do montante dos juros.

O termo «juros», usado neste artigo, significa os rendimentos da dívida pública, de obrigações com ou sem garantia hipotecária e com direito ou não a participar nos lucros e de outros créditos de qualquer natureza, bem como quaisquer outros rendimentos assimilados aos rendimentos de importâncias emprestadas pela legislação fiscal do Estado de que provêm os rendimentos. O termo inclui também as importâncias atribuídas pela suspensão ou redução de uma determinada actividade industrial ou comercial que é exercida ou foi anteriormente exercida por uma empresa de um Estado Contratante.

O disposto nos n.os 1 e 2 não é aplicável se o beneficiário dos juros, residente de um Estado Contratante, tiver, no outro Estado Contratante de que provêm os juros, um estabelecimento estável a que estiver efectivamente ligado o crédito, que dá origem aos juros. Neste caso, os juros podem ser tributados nesse outro Estado e de acordo com a sua legislação fiscal.

Os juros consideram-se provenientes de um Estado Contratante, quando o devedor for esse próprio Estado, uma sua autarquia local ou um residente desse Estado. Todavia, quando o devedor dos juros, seja ou não residente de um Estado Contratante, tiver num Estado Contratante um estabelecimento estável em relação com o qual haja sido contraída a obrigação que dá origem aos juros e esse estabelecimento estável suporte o pagamento desses juros, tais juros são considerados provenientes do Estado Contratante em que o estabelecimento estável estiver situado.

Quando, devido a relações especiais existentes entre o devedor e o credor ou entre ambos e qualquer outra pessoa, o montante dos juros atribuídos, tendo em conta o crédito pelo qual são atribuídos, exceder o montante que seria acordado entre o devedor e o credor, na ausência de tais relações, as disposições deste artigo são aplicáveis apenas a este último montante. Neste caso, o excesso pode continuar a ser tributado de acordo com a legislação de cada Estado Contratante, tendo em conta as outras disposições desta Convenção.

As royalties provenientes de um Estado Contratante e atribuídas a um residente do outro Estado Contratante podem ser tributadas nesse outro Estado.

Todavia, essas royalties podem ser tributadas no Estado Contratante de que provêm e de acordo com a legislação desse Estado, mas o imposto assim estabelecido não excederá 10% do montante bruto das royalties. As autoridades competentes dos Estados Contratantes estabelecerão, de comum acordo, a forma de aplicar este limite.

O termo royalties, usado neste artigo, significa as retribuições de qualquer natureza atribuídas pelo uso ou pela concessão do uso de um direito de autor sobre uma obra literária, artística ou científica, incluindo os filmes cinematográficos, bem como os filmes e gravações para transmissão pela rádio ou pela televisão, de uma patente, de uma marca de fabrico ou de comércio, de um desenho ou de um modelo, de um plano, de uma fórmula ou de um processo secretos, bem como pelo uso ou pela concessão do uso de um equipamento industrial, comercial ou científico e por informações respeitantes a uma experiência adquirida no sector industrial, comercial ou científico.

O disposto nos n.os 1 e 2 não é aplicável se o beneficiário das royalties, residente de um Estado Contratante, tiver, no outro Estado Contratante de que provêm as royalties, um estabelecimento estável a que estiver efectivamente ligado o direito ou bem que dá origem às royalties. Neste caso, as royalties podem ser tributadas nesse outro Estado e de acordo com a sua legislação fiscal.

As royalties consideram-se provenientes de um Estado Contratante quando o devedor for esse próprio Estado, uma sua autarquia local ou um residente

Quando, devido a relações especiais existentes entre o devedor e o beneficiário das royalties ou entre ambos e qualquer outra pessoa, o montante das royalties atribuídas, tendo em conta a prestação pela qual são atribuídas, exceder o montante que seria acordado entre o devedor e o beneficiário, na ausência de tais relações, as disposições deste artigo são aplicáveis apenas a este último montante. Neste caso, o excesso pode continuar a ser tributado de acordo com a legislação de cada Estado Contratante, tendo em conta as outras disposições desta Convenção.

Os ganhos provenientes da alienação de bens imobiliários, conforme são definidos no n.º 2 do artigo 6.º, podem ser tributados no Estado Contratante em que tais bens estiverem situados.

Os ganhos provenientes da alienação de bens mobiliários que façam parte do activo de um estabelecimento estável que uma empresa de um Estado Contratante tenha no outro Estado Contratante ou de bens mobiliários afectos a uma instalação fixa de que um residente de um Estado Contratante disponha no outro Estado Contratante para o exercício de uma profissão liberal, incluindo os ganhos provenientes da alienação desse estabelecimento estável, isolado ou com o conjunto da empresa, ou dessa instalação fixa, podem ser tributados nesse outro Estado. Todavia, os ganhos provenientes da alienação de navios ou de aeronaves utilizados no tráfego internacional e dos bens mobiliários afectos à exploração desses navios ou aeronaves só podem ser tributados no Estado Contratante em que estiver situada a direcção efectiva da empresa.

Os ganhos provenientes da alienação de quaisquer outros bens, diferentes dos mencionados nos n.os 1 e 2, só podem ser tributados no Estado Contratante de que o alienante é residente.

As disposições deste artigo não serão interpretadas como limitando o direito de Portugal de tributar os ganhos provenientes da incorporação de reservas no capital das sociedades com sede ou direcção efectiva em Portugal e da emissão de acções com reserva de preferência.

Os rendimentos obtidos por um residente de um Estado Contratante pelo exercício de uma profissão liberal ou de outras actividades independentes de carácter similar só podem ser tributados nesse Estado.

A expressão «profissões liberais» abrange em especial as actividades independentes de carácter científico, literário, artístico, educativo ou pedagógico, bem como as actividades independentes de médicos, advogados, engenheiros, arquitectos, dentistas e contabilistas.

Com ressalva do disposto nos artigos 16.º, 18.º, 19.º e 20.º, os salários, ordenados e remunerações similares obtidos de um emprego por um residente de um Estado Contratante só podem ser tributados nesse Estado, a não ser que o emprego seja exercido no outro Estado Contratante. Se o emprego for aí exercido, as remunerações correspondentes podem ser tributadas nesse outro Estado.

Não obstante o disposto no n.º 1, as remunerações obtidas por um residente de um Estado Contratante de um emprego exercido no outro Estado Contratante só podem ser tributadas no Estado primeiramente mencionado se:

Não obstante as disposições anteriores deste artigo, as remunerações de um emprego exercido a bordo de um navio ou de uma aeronave no tráfego internacional podem ser tributadas no Estado Contratante em que estiver situada a direcção efectiva da empresa.