LegalizeDecreto n.º 14/90 — Aprova o Regulamento n.º 43, relativo a prescrições uniformes relativas à homologação do vidro de segurança e dos…
Este é o ato tal como foi publicado. As alterações posteriores não estão incorporadas no texto: cada uma é um ato autónomo neste repositório e uma entrada no historial desta lei.
Aprova o Regulamento n.º 43, relativo a prescrições uniformes relativas à homologação do vidro de segurança e dos materiais para vidros aplicáveis em veículos a motor e seus reboques
Samples less than 60 mm wide and less than 356 mm long, and samples 60 mm to 100 mm wide and less than 138 mm long, cannot be tested according to the present method, nor can samples less than 3 mm wide.
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
10.5.2 - Sampling.
At least five samples shall be taken from the material under test. In materials having burning rates differing according to the direction of the material (this being established by preliminary tests) the five (or more) samples shall be taken and be placed in the test apparatus in such a way that the highest burning rate will be measured.
When the material is supplied in set widths, a length of at least 500 mm covering the entire width shall be cut. From the piece so cut, the samples shall be taken at not less than 100 mm from the edge of the material and at points equidistant from each other.
Samples shall be taken in the same way from finished products when the shape of the product so permits. If the thickness of the product is over 13 mm it shall be reduced to 13 mm by a mechanical process applied to the side which does not face the passenger compartment.
Composite materials (see paragraph 10.2.2) shall be tested as if they were homogeneous.
In the case of materials comprising superimposed layers of different composition which are not composite materials, all the layers of material included within a depth of 13 mm from the surface facing towards the passenger compartment shall be tested individually.
10.5.3 - Conditioning.
The samples shall be conditioned for at least 24 hours, but not more than 7 days, at a temperature of 23ºC +/-2ºC and a relative humidity of 50 +/-5 per cent, and shall be maintained under these conditions until immediately prior to testing.
10.6 - Procedure.
10.6.1 - Place samples with napped or tufted surfaces on a flat surface, and comb twice against the nap using the comb (paragraph 10.4.5).
10.6.2 - So place the sample in the sample holder (paragraph 10.4.2) that the exposed side faces downwards, towards the flame.
10.6.3 - Adjust the gas flame to a height of 38 mm using the mark in the chamber, the air intake of the burner being closed. The flame shall burn for at least one minute, for stabilization, before the first test is started.
10.6.4 - Push the sample holder into the combustion chamber so that the end of the sample is exposed to the flame, and after 15 seconds cut off the gas flow.
10.6.5 - Measurement of burning time starts at the moment when the foot of the flame passes the first measuring point. Observe the flame propagation on the side (upper or lower) which burns faster.
10.6.6 - Measurement of burning time is completed when the flame has come to the last measuring point or when the flame is extinguished before reaching that point. If the flame does not reach the last measuring point, measure the burnt distance up to the point where the flame was extinguished. Burnt distance is the part of the sample destroyed, on the surface or inside, by burning.
10.6.7 - If the sample does not ignite or does not continue burning after the burner has been extinguished, or the flame goes out before reaching the first measuring point, so that no burning time is measured, note in the test report that the burning rate is 0 mm/min.
10.6.8 - When running a series of tests or performing repeat tests, make sure before starting a test that the temperature of the combustion chamber and sample holder does not exceed 30ºC.
10.7 - Calculation.
The burning rate B, in millimetres per minute, is given by the formula:
B = (s/t) x 60
where:
s is the burnt distance, in millimetres;
t is the time, in seconds, taken to burn the distance s.
10.8 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristics are involved.
10.9 - Interpretation of results.
Safety-glass panes faced with plastics material (paragraph 2.3 of this Regulation) and glass-plastics safety panes (paragraph 2.4 of this Regulation) shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the fire-resistance test if the burn rate does not exceed 250 mm/min.
11 - Test of resistance to chemicals.
11.1 - Chemicals used for the test:
11.1.1 - Non-abrasive soap solution: 1 per cent by weight of potassium oleate in deionized water;
11.1.2 - Window-cleaning solution: an aqueous solution of isopropanol and dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether in concentration between 5 and 10 per cent by weight each and ammonium hydroxide in concentration between 1 and 5 per cent by weight;
11.1.3 - Undiluted denatured alcohol: 1 part by volume methyl alcohol in 10 parts by volume ethyl alcohol;
11.1.4 - Reference petrol: a mixture of 50 per cent by volume toluene, 30 per cent by volume 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane, 15 per cent by volume 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene and 5 per cent by volume ethyl alcohol;
11.1.5 - Reference kerosene: a mixture of 50 per cent by volume n-octane and 50 per cent by volume n-decane.
11.2 - Test method.
Two test pieces 180 mm x 25 mm shall be tested with each of the chemicals specified in paragraph 11.1 above, using a new test piece for each test and each cleaning product.
Before each test, test pieces shall be cleaned according to the manufacturer's instructions, then conditioned for 48 hours at a temperature of 23ºC +/-2ºC and a relative humidity of 50 +/-5 per cent. These conditions shall be maintained throughout the tests.
The test pieces shall be completely immersed in the test fluid and held for one minute, then removed and immediately wiped dry with a clean absorbent cotton cloth.
11.3 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
The other secondary characteristics are not concerned.
11.4 - Interpretation of results.
11.4.1 - The test for resistance to chemical agents shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the test piece does not exhibit any softening, tackiness, crazing or apparent loss of transparency.
11.4.2 - A set of test pieces shall be considered satisfactory with regard to the test for resistance to chemical agents if one of the following conditions is met:
11.4.2.1 - All the tests have given a satisfactory result;
11.4.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a new series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces has given a satisfactory result.
ANNEX 4
Toughened-glass windscreens
1 - Definition of type.
Toughened-glass windscreens shall be deemed to bet-long to different types if they differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The shape and dimensions.
Toughened-glass windscreens shall be considered as belonging to one or other of two groups for the purposes of fragmentation and mechanical-properties test, i. e.:
1.1.2.1 - Flat windscreens; and
1.1.2.2 - Curved windscreens;
1.1.3 - The thickness category in which the nominal thickness e lies (a manufacturing tolerance of +/-0.2 mm being allowed):
Category I - e (menor ou igual)44.5 mm;
Category II - 4.5 mm < e (menor ou igual) 5.5 mm;
Category III - 5.5 mm < e (menor ou igual) 6.5 mm;
Category IV - 6.5 mm < e.
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are as follows:
1.2.1 - Nature of the material [polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass];
1.2.2 - Colouring (colourless or tinted);
1.2.3 - The incorporation or otherwise of conductors;
1.2.4 - The incorporation or otherwise of obscuration bands.
2 - Fragmentation test.
2.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
2.1.1 - Only the nature of the material is involved.
2.1.2 - Float glass and sheet glass are considered to have the same index of difficulty.
2.1.3 - The fragmentation tests must be repeated on transition from polished (plate) glass to float glass or sheet glass, and vice versa.
2.1.4 - The tests must be repeated if obscuration bands other than painted bands are used.
2.2 - Number of samples.
Six samples from the smallest-developed-area series and six samples from the largest-developed-area series, selected as prescribed in annex 13, shall be tested.
2.3 - Different zones of glass.
A toughened-glass windscreen shall comprise two main zones, F I and F II. It may also comprise an intermediate zone, F III.
These zones are as defined below:
2.3.1 - Zone F I: peripheral zone of fine fragmentation, at least 7 cm wide, all round the edge of the windscreen and including an outer strip 2 cm wide not subjected to assessment;
2.3.2 - Zone F II: visibility zone of varying fragmentation, always including a rectangular part at least 20 cm high and 50 cm long.
2.3.2.1 - For vehicles of category M(índice 1), the centre of the rectangle shall be inside a circle having a radius of 10 cm centred on the projection of the middle of segment V(índice 1) - V(índice 2).
2.3.2.2 - For vehicles of categories M and N other than M(índice 1), the centre of the rectangle shall be inside a circle having a radius of 10 cm centred on the projection of point O.
2.3.2.3 - For agricultural and forestry tractors and for construction-site vehicles, the position of the visibility zone shall be indicated in the test report.
2.3.2.4 - The height of the above rectangle may be reduced to 15 cm for windscreens which are less than 44 cm high;
2.3.3 - Zone F III: intermediate zone, not more than 5 cm wide, between zones F I and F II.
2.4 - Test method.
The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 1.
2.5 - Points of impact (see annex 14, figure 2).
2.5.1 - The points of impact shall be selected as follows:
Point 1: in the central part of zone F II in an area of high or low stress;
Point 2: in zone F III, as near as possible to the vertical plane of symmetry of zone F II;
Points 3 and 3': 3 cm from the edges of one median of the sample; when there is a tong mark, one of the breakage points shall be near the edge bearing the tong mark and the other near the opposite edge;
Point 4: at the place where the radius of curvature is smallest on the longest median;
Point 5: 3 cm from the edge of the sample at the place where the radius of curvature of the edge is smallest, either to the left or to the right.
2.5.2 - A fragmentation test shall be performed at each of the points l, 2, 3, 3', 4 and 5.
2.6 - Interpretation of results.
2.6.1 - A test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if fragmentation satisfies all the conditions given in paragraphs 2.6.1.1, 2.6.1.2 and 2.6.1.3 below.
2.6.1.1 - Zone F I.
2.6.1.1.1 - The number of fragments in any 5 cm x 5 cm square is not less than 40 nor more than 350; however in the case of a count of less than 40, if the number of fragments in any 10 cm x 10 cm square containing the 5 cm x 5 cm square is not less than 160, this shall be acceptable.
2.6.1.1.2 - For the purposes of the above rule, a fragment extending across a side of a square shall count as half a fragment.
2.6.1.1.3 - Fragmentation shall not be checked in a strip 2 cm wide round the edge of the samples, this strip representing the frame of the glass, nor within a radius of 7.5 cm from the point of impact.
2.6.1.1.4 - A maximum three fragments of three area exceeding 3 cm2 shall be allowed. No two of these fragments shall be contained within the same 10 cm diameter circle.
2.6.1.1.5 - Elongated fragments may be permitted provided that their ends are not knife-edged and that their length does not exceed 7.5 cm, except in the case provided for in paragraph 2.6.2.2 below.
2.6.1.2 - Zone F II.
2.6.1.2.1 - The residual visibility after shattering shall be checked in the rectangular area defined in paragraph 2.3.2 above. In that rectangle the aggregate surface area of the fragments of more than 2 cm2 shall represent not less than 15 per cent of the area of the rectangle; however, in the case of windscreens less than 44 cm high, or whose angle of installation in less than 15º from the vertical, the visibility percentage shall at least be equal to 10 per cent of the surface of the corresponding rectangle.
2.6.1.2.2 - No fragment shall have an area of more than 16 cm2 except in the case provided for in paragraph 2.6.2.2 below.
2.6.1.2.3 - Within a radius of 10 cm from the point of impact, but only in that part of the circle which is included in zone F II, three fragments having an area of more than 16 cm2 but less than 25 cm2 shall be allowed.
2.6.1.2.4 - Fragments shall be substantially regular in shape and free from points of the type described in paragraph 2.6.1.2.4.1 below. However, not more than 10 irregular fragments shall be allowed in any 50 cm x 20 cm rectangle and not more than 25 over the whole surface of the windscreen.
No such fragment shall present a point more than 35 mm long measured in accordance with paragraph 2.6.1.2.4.1 below.
2.6.1.2.4.1 - A fragment shall be considered as an irregular fragment if it cannot be inscribed in a circle of 40 mm in diameter, if it has at least one point more than 15 mm long when measured from the top of the point to the section whose width is equal to the glazing thickness, and if it has one or more points having a top angle smaller than 40º.
2.6.1.2.5 - Fragments of elongated shape shall be allowed in zone F II as a whole, provided they do not exceed 10 cm in length, except in the case provided for in paragraph 2.6.2.2 below.
2.6.1.3 - Zone F III.
Fragmentation in this zone must have characteristics intermediate between those of the fragmentation respectively allowed for the two neighbouring zones (F I and F II).
2.6.2 - A windscreen submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of fragmentation if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
2.6.2.1 - When all the tests carried out using the points of impact defined in paragraph 2.5.1 above have given a satisfactory result;
2.6.2.2 - When one test among all those carried out using the points of impact prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1 has given an unsatisfactory result, taking account of deviations which do not exceed the following limits:
Zone F I: not more than five fragments between 7.5 cm and 15 cm long;
Zone F II: not more than three fragments of between 16 cm2 and 20 cm2 in area located outside the circle having a radius of 10 cm centred on the point of impact;
Zone F III: not more than four fragments between 10 cm and 17.5 cm long;
and is repeated on a new sample, which either conforms to the requirements of paragraph 2.6.1 or presents deviations within the above specified limits.
2.6.2.3 - When twotests among all the tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1 have given an unsatisfactory result for deviations not exceeding the limits specified in paragraph 2.6.2.2, and a further series of tests carried out on a new set of samples conforms to the requirements of paragraph 2.6.1 or not more than two samples of the new set present deviations within the above specified limits of paragraph 2.6.2.2.
2.6.3 - If the above-mentioned deviations are found, they shall be noted in the test report and photographs of the relevant parts of the windscreen shall be attached to the report.
3 - Headform test.
3.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristic is involved.
3.2 - Number of samples.
3.2.1 - For each group of toughened-glass windscreens, four samples having approximately the smallest developed area and four samples having approximately the largest developed area, all eight samples being of the same types as those selected for the fragmentation tests (see paragraph 2.2 above), shall be subjected to testing.
3.2.2 - Alternatively, at the discretion of the laboratory conducting the tests, for each category of windscreen thickness, six test pieces of the dimension 1,100 mm x 500 mm (+5 mm/-2 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
3.3 - Test method.
3.3.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 3.
3.3.2 - The height of drop shall be 1.5 mm +0 mm/-5 mm.
3.4 - Interpretation of results.
3.4.1 - The test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the windscreen or the test piece is fractured.
3.4.2 - A set of samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the headform test if either of the two following conditions is fulfilled, that is to say if:
3.4.2.1 - All the tests have given a satisfactory result;
3.4.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of samples has given satisfactory results.
4 - Optical qualities.
The requirements concerning optical qualities set out in annex 3, paragraph 9, shall apply to every type of windscreen.
ANNEX 5
Uniformly-toughened glass panes (ver nota *)
1 - Definition of type.
Uniformly-toughened glass panes shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The nature of the toughening process (thermal or chemical);
1.1.3 - The shape category; two categories are distinguished:
1.1.3.1 - Flat glass panes;
1.1.3.2 - Flat and curved glass panes;
1.1.4 - The thickness category in which the nominal thickness e lies (a manufacturing tolerance of +/- 0.2 mm being allowed):
Category I - e (menor ou igual) 3.5 mm;
Category II - 3.5 mm < e (menor ou igual) 4.5 mm;
Category III - 4.5 mm < e (menor ou igual) 6.5 mm;
Category IV - 6.5 mm < e.
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are as follows:
1.2.1 - Nature of the material [polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass];
1.2.2 - Colouring (colourless or tinted);
1.2.3 - The incorporation or otherwise of conductors.
2 - Fragmentation test.
2.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
No other secondary characteristics are involved.
2.2 - Selection of samples.
2.2.1 - Samples of each shape category and of each thickness category difficult to produce shall be selected according to the following criteria for testing:
2.2.1.1 - In the case of flat glass panes, two sets of samples shall be provided, corresponding to:
2.2.1.1.1 - The largest area;
2.2.1.1.2 - The smallest angle between two adjacent sides;
2.2.1.2 - In the case of flat and curved glass panes, three sets of samples shall be provided, corresponding to:
2.2.1.2.1 - The largest developed area;
2.2.1.2.2 - The smallest angle between two adjacent sides;
2.2.1.2.3 - The largest height of segment.
2.2.2 - Tests carried out on samples corresponding to the largest area S shall be considered to be applicable to any other area smaller than S + 5 per cent.
2.2.3 - If the samples submitted present an angle (gama) smaller than 30º, the tests shall be considered as applicable to all glass panes produced having an angle greater than (gama) - 5º.
If the samples submitted present an angle (gama) greater than or equal to 30º, the tests shall be considered as applicable to all glass panes produced having an angle equal to or greater than 30º.
2.2.4 - If the height of segment h of the samples submitted is greater than 100 mm, the tests shall be considered as applicable to all glass panes produced having a height of segment smaller than h + 30 mm.
If the height of segment of the samples submitted is less than or equal to 100 mm, the tests shall be considered as applicable to all glass panes having a height of segment less than or equal to 100 mm.
2.3 - Number of samples per set.
The number of samples in each group shall be as follows, according to the shape category defined in paragraph 1.1.3 above:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
2.4 - Test method.
2.4.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 1.
2.5 - Points of impact (see annex 14, figure 3).
2.5.1 - For flat glass panes and curved glass panes the points of impact represented respectively in annex 14, figures 3-a) and 3-b) on the one hand, and in annex 14, figure 3-c), on the other hand, shall be as follows:
Point 1: 3 cm from the edges of the glass pane in the part where the radius of curvature of the edge is smallest;
Point 2: 3 cm from the edge of one of the medians, the side (if any) of the glass pane bearing tong marks being selected;
Point 3: in the geometric centre of the glass;
Point 4: for curved glass panes only; this point shall be selected on the largest median in that part of the pane where the radius of curvature is smallest.
2.5.2 - Only one test shall be carried out at each prescribed point of impact.
2.6 - Interpretation of results.
2.6.1 - A test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if fragmentation satisfies the following conditions:
2.6.1.1 - The number of fragments in any 5 cm x 5 cm square is not less than 40 or more than 400, or in the case of glazing not more than 3.5 mm thick, 450;
2.6.1.2 - For the purposes of the above rule, a fragment extending across a side of a square shall count as half a fragment;
2.6.1.3 - Fragmentation shall not be checked in a strip 2 cm wide round the edge of the samples, this strip representing the frame of the glass; nor within a radius of 7.5 cm for the point of impact;
2.6.1.4 - Fragments of an area exceeding 3 cm2 shall not be allowed except in the parts defined in paragraph 2.6.1.3 above;
2.6.1.5 - A few fragments of elongated shape shall be allowed, provided that:
Their ends are not knife-edged,
If they extend to the edge of the glass pane they do not form an angle of more than 45º with it,
and if, except in the case provided for in paragraph 2.6.2.2 below,
Their length does not exceed 7.5 cm, and
The number of fragments between 6 cm and 7.5 cm long does not exceed 5.
2.6.2 - A set of samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of fragmentation if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
2.6.2.1 - When all tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1 above have given a satisfactory result;
2.6.2.2 - When one test among all those carried out using the points of impact prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1 has given an unsatisfactory result, taking account of deviations which do not exceed the following limits:
Not more than 8 fragments between 6 cm and 7.5 cm long;
Not more than 4 fragments between 7.5 cm and 10 cm long;
and is repeated on a new sample which either conforms to the requirements of paragraph 2.6.1 or presents deviations within the above specified limits;
2.6.2.3 - When two tests among all the tests carried out using the points of impact prescribed in paragraph 2.5.1 have given an unsatisfactory result, taking account of deviations not exceeding the limits specified in paragraph 2.6.2.2, and a further series of tests carried out on a new set of samples conforms to the prescriptions of paragraph 2.6.1 or not more than two samples of the new set present deviations within the above specified limits of paragraph 2.6.2.2.
2.6.3 - If the above-mentioned deviations are found, they shall be noted in the test report and photographs of the relevant parts of the glass pane shall be attached to the report.
3 - Mechanical strength test.
3.1 - 227 g ball test.
3.1.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
The other secondary characteristic (namely, incorporation or otherwise of conductors) is not involved.
3.1.2 - Number of test pieces.
Six test pieces shall be subjected to testing for each thickness category defined in paragraph 1.1.4 above.
3.1.3 - Test method.
3.1.3.1 - The test method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 2.1.
3.1.3.2 - The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper surface of the test piece) shall be as indicated in the following table, according to thickness of the glass pane:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
3.1.4 - Interpretation of results.
3.1.4.1 - The test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the test piece does not break.
3.1.4.2 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of mechanical strength if at least one of the following conditions is fulfilled:
3.1.4.2.1 - When not more than one test has given an unsatisfactory result;
3.1.4.2.2 - When two tests having given unsatisfactory results, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of six test pieces give satisfactory results.
4 - Optical qualities.
4.1 - The provisions concerning regular light transmittance set out in annex 3, paragraph 9.1, shall apply to uniformly-toughened glass panes or parts of glass panes other than windscreens located at places which are essential to the driver's vision.
4.2 - The provisions of paragraph 9 of annex 3 shall apply to uniformly-toughened glass panes used as windscreens of slow-moving vehicles which, by construction, cannot exceed 30 km/h.
(nota *) This type of uniformly-toughened glass pane can also be used for windscreens for slow-moving vehicles which, by construction, cannot exceed 30 km/h.
ANNEX 6
Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens
1 - Definition of type.
Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The shape and dimensions.
Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens shall be deemed to belong to one group for the purposes of tests of mechanical properties and of resistance to the environment;
1.1.3 - The number of layers of glass;
1.1.4 - The nominal thickness e of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerance of 0.2 n mm (n being the number of layers of glass in the windscreen) above or below the nominal value being allowed.
1.1.5 - The nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers;
1.1.6 - The nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers (e. g. PVB or other plastics-material interlayer or interlayers).
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are as follows:
1.2.1 - The nature of the material [polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass];
1.2.2 - The colouring (total ou partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted);
1.2.3 - The colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted);
1.2.4 - The incorporation or otherwise of conductors;
1.2.5 - The incorporation or otherwise of obscuration bands.
2 - General.
2.1 - In the case of ordinary laminated-glass windscreens, tests other than headform tests (paragraph 3.2 below) and tests of optical qualities shall be conducted on flat test pieces which are either cut from actual windscreens or are specially made for the purpose. In either case the test pieces shall be in all respects rigorously representative of the serially-produced windscreens for which approval is sought.
2.2 - Before each test the test pieces shall be stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23ºC +/- 2ºC. The tests shall take place as soon as possible after the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
3 - Headform test.
3.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristics is involved.
3.2 - Headform test on a complete windscreen.
3.2.1 - Number of samples.
Four samples from the smallest-developed-area series and four samples from the largest-developed-area series, selected in accordance with the provisions of annex 13, shall be tested.
3.2.2 - Test method.
3.2.2.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 3.3.2.
3.2.2.2 - The drop height shall be 1.5 m +0 mm/-5 mm.
3.2.3 - Interpretation of results.
3.2.3.1 - This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
3.2.3.1.1 - The sample breaks displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact, the cracks nearest to the point of impact being not more than 80 mm from it;
3.2.3.1.2 - The layers of glass shall remain adhering to the plastics-material interlayer. One or more partial separation from the interlayer with a distance of less than 4 mm in breadth, on either side of the crack, is permitted outside a circle of 60 mm in diameter centred on the point of impact;
3.2.3.1.3 - On the impact side:
3.2.3.1.3.1 - The interlayer must not be laid bare over an area of more than 20 cm2;
3.2.3.1.3.2 - A tear in the interlayer up to a length of 35 mm is allowed.
3.2.3.2 - A set of samples submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the headform test if one of the following two conditions is met:
3.2.3.2.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results; or
3.2.3.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of samples gives satisfactory results.
3.3 - Headform test on flat test pieces.
3.3.1 - Number of test pieces.
Six flat test pieces measuring 1,100 mm x 500 mm (+5 mm/-2 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
3.3.2 - Test method.
3.3.2.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 3.3.1.
3.3.2.2 - The height of drop shall be 4 m +25 mm/-0 mm.
3.3.3 - Interpretation of results.
3.3.3.1 - This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are fulfilled:
3.3.3.1.1 - The test piece yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximatelly on the point of impact;
3.3.3.1.2 - Tears in the interlayer are allowed provided that the manikin's head does not pass through the test piece;
3.3.3.1.3 - No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
3.3.3.2 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the headform test if one of the following two conditions is met:
3.3.3.2.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results; or
3.3.3.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
4 - Mechanical strength test.
4.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristics is involved.
4.2 - 2,260 g ball test.
4.2.1 - Number of test pieces.
Six square test pieces of 300 mm +10 mm/-0 mm side shall be subjected to testing.
4.2.2 - Test method.
4.2.2.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 2.2.
4.2.2.2 - The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper face of the test piece) shall be 4 m +25 mm/-0 mm.
4.2.3 - Interpretation of results.
4.2.3.1 - The test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the ball does not pass through the glazing within five seconds after the moment of impact.
4.2.3.2 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the 2,260 g ball test if one of the following two conditions is met:
4.2.3.2.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results; or
4.2.3.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
4.3 - 227 g ball test.
4.3.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristic is involved.
4.3.2 - Number of test pieces.
Twenty square test pieces of 300 mm +10 mm/-0 mm side shall be subjected to testing.
4.3.3 - Test method.
4.3.3.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 2.1.
Ten specimens shall be tested at a temperature of +40ºC +/-2ºC and ten at a temperature of -20ºC +/-2º C.
4.3.3.2 - The height of drop for the various thickness categories and the mass of the detached fragments are given in the table below:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
4.3.4 - Interpretation of results.
4.3.4.1 - The test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are met:
The ball does not pass through the test piece;
The test piece does not break into several pieces;
If the interlayer is not torn, the weight of fragments detached from the side of the glass opposite to the point of impact must not exceed the appropriate values specified in paragraph 4.3.3.2 above.
4.3.4.2 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the 227 g ball test if one of the following conditions is met:
4.3.4.2.1 - Not less than eight tests at each test temperature give a satisfactory result; or
4.3.4.2.2 - More than two tests at each test temperature having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
5 - Test of resistance to the environment.
5.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion.
5.1.1 - Indices of difficulty and test method.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 4, shall apply, the test being continued for 1,000 cycles.
5.1.2 - Interpretation of results.
The safety-glass pane shall be considered satisfactory with respect to abrasion resistance if the light scatter as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 2 per cent.
5.2 - Test of resistance to high temperature.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 5, shall apply.
5.3 - Resistance-to-radiation test.
5.3.1 - General requirement.
This test shall be performed only if the laboratory deems it useful in the light of the information in its possession concerning the interlayer.
5.3.2 - The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 6, shall apply.
5.4 - Resistance-to-humidity test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 7, shall apply.
6 - Optical qualities.
The requirements concerning optical qualities set out in annex 3, paragraph 9, shall apply to every type of windscreen.
ANNEX 7
Laminated-glass panes other than windscreens
1 - Definition of type.
Laminated-glass panes other than windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The thickness category of the pane in which the nominal thickness e lies, a manufacturing tolerance of +/-0.2 n mm (n being the number of layers of glass in the pane) being allowed:
Category I - e (menor ou igual) 5.5 mm;
Category II - 5.5 mm < e (menor ou igual) 6.5 mm;
Category III - 6.5 mm < e;
1.1.3 - The nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers;
1.1.4 - The nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers, e. g. PVB or other plastics-material interlayer or interlayers;
1.1.5 - Any special treatment which one of the layers of glass may have undergone.
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are as follows:
1.2.1 - The nature of the material [polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass];
1.2.2 - The colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted);
1.2.3 - The colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted).
2 - General.
2.1 - In the case of laminated-glass panes other than windscreens, the tests shall be conducted on flat test pieces which are either cut from actual glass panes or are specially made. In either case the test pieces shall be in all respects rigorously representative of the glass panes for the production of which approval is sought.
2.2 - Before each test the test pieces of laminated glass shall be stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23ºC +/-2ºC. The tests shall be performed on the test pieces as soon as the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
2.3 - The provisions of this annex shall be considered to be met if the glazing submitted for approval is of the same composition as a windscreen already approved under the provisions of annex 6 or annex 8 or annex 9.
3 - Headform test.
3.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristic is involved.
3.2 - Number of test pieces.
Six flat test pieces measuring 1,100 mm x 500 mm (+25 mm/-0 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
3.3 - Test method.
3.3.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 3.
3.3.2 - The height of drop shall be 1.50 m+0 mm/-5 mm.
3.4 - Interpretation of results.
3.4.1 - This test shall be deemed to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are met:
3.4.1.1 - The test piece yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact;
3.4.1.2 - Tears in the interlayer are allowed, but the manikin's head must not pass through;
3.4.1.3 - No large fragments of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
3.4.2 - A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of the headform test if one of the following two conditions is met:
3.4.2.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results; or
3.4.2.2 - On test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
4 - Mechanical strength test - 227 g ball test.
4.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristic in involved.
4.2 - Number of test pieces.
Four flat square test pieces of 300 mm x 300 mm (+10 mm/-0 mm) side shall be subjected to testing.
4.3 - Test method.
4.3.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 2.1.
4.3.2 - The height of drop (from the underface of the ball to the upper face of the test piece) shall be as indicated in the following table as a function of nominal thickness:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
4.4 - Interpretation of results.
4.4.1 - The test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are met:
The ball does not pass through the piece;
The test piece does not break into several fragments;
The total weight of the few fragments which may be produced on the side opposite to the point of impact does not exceed 15 g.
4.4.2 - A set of test pieces subjected to approval testing shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of mechanical strength if one of the following conditions is met:
4.4.2.1 - All the tests have given a satisfactory result; or
4.4.2.2 - Not more than two tests having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
5 - Test of resistance to the environment.
5.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion.
5.1.1 - Indices of difficulty and test method.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 4, shall apply, the test being continued for 1,000 cycles.
5.1.2 - Interpretation of results.
The safety-glass pane shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of abrasion resistance if the light scatter as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 2 per cent.
5.2 - Test of resistance to high temperature.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 5, shall apply.
5.3 - Resistance-to-radiation test.
5.3.1 - General requirement.
This test shall be performed only if the laboratory deems it useful in the light of the information in its possession concerning the interlayer.
5.3.2 - The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 6, shall apply.
5.4 - Resistance-to-humidity test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 7, shall apply.
6 - Optical qualities.
The provisions concerning the regular light transmitance set out in annex 3, paragraph 9.1, shall apply to glass panes other than windscreens, or parts of glass panes other than windscreens located at places which are essential to the driver's vision.
ANNEX 8
Treated laminated-glass windscreens
1 - Definition of type.
Treated laminated-glass windscreens shall be deemed to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The shape and dimensions.
Treated laminated-glass windscreens shall be deemed to belong to one group for the purposes of tests of fragmentation, of mechanical properties and of resistance to the environment;
1.1.3 - The number of layers of glass;
1.1.4 - The nominal thickness e of the windscreens, a manufacturing tolerance of 0.2 n mm (n being the number of layers of glass in the windscreen) above and below the nominal value being allowed;
1.1.5 - Any special treatment which one or more layers of glass may have undergone;
1.1.6 - The nominal thickness of the interlayer or interlayers;
1.1.7 - The nature and type of the interlayer or interlayers (e. g. PVB or other plastics-material interlayer or interlayers).
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are as follows:
1.2.1 - The nature of the material [polished (plate) glass, float glass, sheet glass];
1.2.2 - The colouring (total or partial) of the interlayer or interlayers (colourless or tinted);
1.2.3 - The colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted);
1.2.4 - The incorporation or otherwise of conductors;
1.2.5 - The incorporation or otherwise of obscuration bands.
2 - General.
2.1 - In the case of treated laminated-glass windscreens, tests other than the headform test on a complete windscreen and tests of optical qualities shall be conducted on samples and/or flat test pieces which are specially made for the purpose. However, the test pieces shall be in all respects rigorously representative of the serially-produced windscreens for which approval is sought.
2.2 - Before each test, the test pieces or samples shall be stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23ºC +/-2º C. The tests shall take place as soon as possible after the test pieces or samples have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
3 - Tests prescribed.
Treated laminated-glass windscreens shall be subjected to:
3.1 - The tests prescribed in annex 6 for ordinary laminated-glass windscreens;
3.2 - The fragmentation test described in paragraph 4 below.
4 - Fragmentation test.
4.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
4.2 - Number of test pieces or samples.
One test piece measuring 1,100 mm x 500 mm (+5 mm/-2 mm) or one sample for each point of impact shall be subjected to testing.
4.3 - Test method.
The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 1.
4.4 - Impact point or points.
The glass pane shall be struck on each of the outer treated sheets in the centre of the piece or sample.
4.5 - Interpretation of results.
4.5.1 - For each point impact the fragmentation test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the total surface area of fragments having a surface area of more than 2 cm2 comprised in a rectangle as defined in annex 4, paragraph 2.3.2, represents not less than 15 per cent of the surface of that rectangle.
4.5.1.1 - In the case of a sample:
4.5.1.1.1 - For vehicles of category M(índice 1), the centre of the rectangle shall be situated within a circle having a radius of 10 cm centred on the projection of the middle of segment V(índice 1) - V(índice 2);
4.5.1.1.2 - For vehicles of categories M and N other than M(índice 1), the centre of the rectangle shall be situated a circle having a radius of 10 cm centred on the projection of point O;
4.5.1.1.3 - For agricultural and forestry tractors and for construction-site vehicles, the position of the visibility zone shall be indicated in the test report;
4.5.1.1.4 - The height of the above rectangle may be reduced to 15 cm for windscreens which are less than 44 cm high or whose angle of installation is less than 15º from the vertical; the percentage of visibility shall at least be equal to 10 per cent of the area of the corresponding rectangle.
4.5.1.2 - In the case of a test piece, the centre of the rectangle shall be situated on the greater axis of the test piece at 450 mm from one of its edges.
4.5.2 - The test piece(s) or sample(s) submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory from the point of view of fragmentation if either of the following conditions is met:
4.5.2.1 - The test gives a satisfactory result for each point of impact; or
4.5.2.2 - The test having been repeated on a new set of four test pieces for each point of impact for which it had originally given an unsatisfactory result, the four new tests, performed at the same impact points all give a satisfactory result.
ANNEX 9
Safety-glass panes faced with plastics material (on the inside)
1 - Definition of type.
Safety glazing materials, as defined in annex 4 to 8, if coated on the inner face with a layer of plastics material, shall conform not only to the requirements of the appropriate annexes but also to the following requirements.
2 - Test of resistance to abrasion.
2.1 - Indices of difficulty and test method.
The plastics coating shall be subjected to a test for 100 cycles in accordance with the requirements specified in annex 3, paragraph 4.
2.2 - Interpretation of results.
The plastics coating shall be considered satisfactory with respect to abrasion resistance if the light scatter as a result of abrasion of the test piece does not exceed 4 per cent.
3 - Resistance-to-humidity test.
3.1 - In the case of plastics-coated toughened safety glazing material a resistance-to-humidity test shall be performed.
3.2 - The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 7, shall apply.
4 - Test of resistance to temperature changes.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 8, shall apply.
5 - Fire-resistance test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 10, shall apply.
6 - Test of resistance to chemicals.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 11, shall apply.
ANNEX 10
Glass-plastics windscreens
1 - Definition of type.
Glass-plastics windscreens shall be considered to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The shape and dimensions.
Glass-plastics windscreens shall be deemed to belong to a group for the purposes of tests of mechanical strength, resistance to the environment, resistance to temperature changes and resistance to chemical agents;
1.1.3 - The number of plastics layers;
1.1.4 - The nominal thickness e of the windscreen, a manufacturing tolerance of +/-0.2 mm being allowed;
1.1.5 - The nominal thickness of the layer of glass;
1.1.6 - The nominal thickness of the layer(s) of plastics acting as interlayer(s);
1.1.7 - The nature and type of the layer(s) of plastics acting as interlayer(s) (e. g. PVB or other material) and of the plastics layer situated on the inner face;
1.1.8 - Any special treatment the glass pane may undergone.
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are as follows:
1.2.1 - The nature of the material (plate glass, float glass, sheet glass);
1.2.2 - The colouring (total or partial) of any layer(s) of plastics (colourless or tinted);
1.2.3 - The colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted);
1.2.4 - The incorporation or otherwise of conductors;
1.2.5 - The incorporation or otherwise of obscuration bands.
2 - General.
2.1 - In the case of glass-plastics windscreens, tests other than headform tests (paragraph 3.2) and tests of optical qualities shall be conducted on flat test pieces which are either cut from actual windscreens or are specially made for the purpose. In either case the test pieces shall in all respects be rigorously representative of the serially-produced windscreens for which approval is sought.
2.2 - Before each test, the test pieces shall be stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23ºC +/-2ºC. The tests shall take place as soon as possible after the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
3 - Headform test.
3.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristic is involved.
3.2 - Headform test on a complete windscreen.
3.2.1 - Number of samples.
Four samples from the series having the smallest developed area and four samples from the series having the largest developed area, selected in accordance with the provisions of annex 13, shall be tested.
3.2.2 - Test method.
3.2.2.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 5.3.2.
3.2.2.2 - The height of drop shall be 1.50 m +0 mm/-5 mm.
3.2.3 - Interpretation of results.
3.2.3.1 - This test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are met:
3.2.3.1.1 - The layer of glass breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact, the cracks nearest to the point of impact being not more than 80 mm from it;
3.2.3.1.2 - The layer of glass remains adhering to the plastics material interlayer. One or more partial separations from the interlayer not more than 4 mm in breadth may be allowed on either side of the crack outside a circle 60 mm in diameter centred on the point of impact;
3.2.3.1.3 - A tear in the interlayer of a length up to 35 mm is allowed on the impact side.
3.2.3.2 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory with respect to the headform test if one of the following two conditions is met:
3.2.3.2.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results; or
3.2.3.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
3.3 - Headform test on flat test pieces.
3.3.1 - Number of test pieces.
Six flat test pieces measuring 1,100 mm x 500 mm (+5 mm/-2 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
3.3.2 - Test method.
3.3.2.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 3.3.1.
3.3.2.2 - The height of drop shall be 4 m +25 mm/-0 mm.
3.3.3 - Interpretation of results.
3.3.3.1 - This test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are met:
3.3.3.1.1 - The layer of glass yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact;
3.3.3.1.2 - Tears in the interlayer are allowed, but the manikin's head must not pass through;
3.3.3.1.3 - No large fragment of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
3.3.3.2 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory with respect to the headform test if one of the following conditions is met:
3.3.3.2.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results; or
3.3.3.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
4 - Mechanical strength test.
4.1 - Indices of difficulty, test method and interpretation of results.
The requirements of annex 6, paragraph 4, shall apply.
4.2 - However the third requirement set out in paragraph 4.3.4.1 of annex 6 is not relevant.
5 - Test of resistance to the environment.
5.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion.
5.1.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion on the outer face.
5.1.1.1 - The requirements of annex 6, paragraph 5.1, shall apply.
5.1.2 - Test of resistance to abrasion on the inner face.
5.1.2.1 - The requirements of annex 9, paragraph 2, shall apply.
5.2 - Test of resistance to high temperature.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 5, shall apply.
5.3 - Resistance-to-radiation test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 6, shall apply.
5.4 - Resistance-to-humidity test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 7, shall apply.
5.5 - Test of resistance to temperature changes.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 8, shall apply.
6 - Optical qualities.
The requirements concerning optical qualities set out in annex 3, paragraph 9, shall apply to each type of windscreen.
7 - Fire-resistance test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 10, shall apply.
8 - Test of resistance to chemicals.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 11, shall apply.
ANNEX 11
Glass-plastics panes other than windscreens
1 - Definition of type.
Glass-plastics panes other than windscreens shall be considered to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following principal or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The thickness category applicable to the nominal thickness e, a manufacturing tolerance of +/-0.2 mm being allowed:
Category I - e (menor ou igual) 3.5 mm;
Category II - 3.5 mm < e (menor ou igual) 4.5 mm;
Category III - 4.5 mm < e;
1.1.3 - The nominal thickness of the layer(s) of plastics material acting as interlayer(s);
1.1.4 - The nominal thickness of the glass pane;
1.1.5 - The type of the layer(s) of plastics material acting as interlayer(s) (e. g. PVB or other material) and of the plastics layer on the inner face;
1.1.6 - Any special treatment which the layer of glass may have undergone.
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are as follows:
1.2.1 - The nature of the material (plate glass, float glass, sheet glass);
1.2.2 - The colouring (total or partial) of any layer(s) of plastics (colourless or tinted);
1.2.3 - The colouring of the glass (colourless or tinted).
2 - General.
2.1 - In the case of glass-plastics panes other than windscreens the tests shall be conducted on flat test pieces which are either cut from normal glass panes or are specially made. In either case the test pieces shall be in all respects rigorously representative of the glass panes for the production of which approval is sought.
2.2 - Before each test, the test pieces of glass-plastics panes shall be stored for not less than four hours at a temperature of 23ºC +/-2ºC. The tests shall take place as soon as possible after the test pieces have been taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
2.3 - The provisions of this annex shall be considered to be met if the glass pane submitted for approval has the same composition as that of a windscreen already approved under the provisions of annex 10.
3 - Headform test.
3.1 - Indices of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristic is involved.
3.2 - Number of test pieces.
Six flat test pieces measuring 1,100 mm x 500 mm (+5 mm/-2 mm) shall be subjected to testing.
3.3 - Test method.
3.3.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 3.
3.3.2 - The height of drop shall be 1.50 mm +0 mm/-5 mm.
3.4 - Interpretation of results.
3.4.1 - This test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are met:
3.4.1.1 - The layer of glass breaks, displaying numerous cracks;
3.4.1.2 - Tears in the interlayer are allowed, provided that the manikin's head does not pass through the test piece;
3.4.1.3 - No large fragment of glass shall become detached from the interlayer.
3.4.2 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory with respect to the headform test if one of the following conditions is met:
3.4.2.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results; or
3.4.2.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
4 - Mechanical strength test - 227 g ball test.
4.1 - The provisions of annex 7, paragraph 4, shall apply, with the exception of the table in paragraph 4.3.2, to be replaced by:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
4.2 - However the provision in annex 7, paragraph 4.4.1.2, is not relevant.
5 - Test of resistance to the environment.
5.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion.
5.1.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion on the outer face.
The requirements of annex 7, paragraph 5.1, shall apply.
5.1.2 - Test of resistance to abrasion on the inner face.
The requirements of annex 9, paragraph 2.1, shall apply.
5.2 - Test of resistance to high temperature.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 5, shall apply.
5.3 - Resistance-to-radiation test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 6, shall apply.
5.4 - Resistance-to-humidity test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 7, shall apply.
5.5 - Test of resistance to temperature changes.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 8, shall apply.
6 - Optical qualities.
The provisions concerning the regular light transmittance set out in annex 3, paragraph 9.1, shall apply to glass panes or parts of glass panes other than windscreens located at places which are essential to the driver's vision.
7 - Fire-resistance test.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 10, shall apply.
8 - Test of resistance to chemicals.
The requirements of annex 3, paragraph 11, shall apply.
ANNEX 12
Double-glazed units
1 - Definition of type.
Double-glazed units shall be considered to belong to different types if they differ in at least one of the following or secondary characteristics.
1.1 - The principal characteristics are as follows:
1.1.1 - The trade name or mark;
1.1.2 - The composition of the double-glazed unit (symmetrical, asymmetrical);
1.1.3 - The type of each component glass pane as defined in paragraph 1 of annex 5, 7 or 11 to this Regulation;
1.1.4 - The nominal width of the gap between the two glass panes;
1.1.5 - The type of sealing (organic, or glass to glass/glass to metal).
1.2 - The secondary characteristics are:
1.2.1 - The secondary characteristics of each component glass pane, as defined in paragraph 1.2 of annex 5, 7 or 11 to this Regulation.
2 - General.
2.1 - Each component glass pane forming the double-glazed unit shall either be type-approved or subjected to the requirements set out in the relevant annex to this Regulation (annexes 5, 7 or 11).
2.2 - Tests carried out on double-glazed units having a nominal width of gap e shall be considered to be applicable to all double-glazed units having the same characteristics and a nominal width of gap e +/-3 mm.
However, the applicant for approval may submit for approval tests the sample having the smallest gap and the sample having the largest gap.
2.3 - In the case of double-glazed units having at least one laminated glass pane or one glass-plastics pane, the test pieces shall be stored for at least four hours prior to the test at a temperature of 23ºC +/-2ºC. The tests shall take place immediately after the test pieces are taken out of the receptacle in which they were stored.
3 - Headform test.
3.1 - Index of difficulty of the secondary characteristics.
No secondary characteristic is involved.
3.2 - Number of test pieces.
Six test pieces 1,100 mm x 500 mm (+5 mm/-2 mm) shall be subjected to testing for each category of thickness of the component glass panes and each width of gap as defined in paragraph 1.1.4 above.
3.3 - Test method.
3.3.1 - The method used shall be that described in annex 3, paragraph 3.
3.3.2 - The height of drop shall be 1.50 m +0 mm/-5 mm.
3.3.3 - In the case of an asymmetrical double-glazed unit, three tests shall be carried out on one side and three tests on the other side.
3.4 - Interpretation of results.
3.4.1 - Double glazing consisting of two uniformly-toughened glass panes.
The test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if both components break.
3.4.2 - Double glazing consisting of laminated glass panes and/or glass-plastics panes other than windscreens.
The test shall be considered to have given a satisfactory result if the following conditions are met:
3.4.2.1 - The two components of the test piece yield and break, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact;
3.4.2.2 - Tears in the interlayer(s) are allowed provided that the manikin's head does not pass through the test piece;
3.4.2.3 - No large fragment of glass becomes detached from the interlayer.
3.4.3 - Double glazing consisting of a uniformly-toughened glass pane and of a laminated glass pane or glass-plastics pane other than windscreens:
3.4.3.1 - The toughened-glass pane breaks;
3.4.3.2 - The laminated glass pane or glass-plastics pane yields and breaks, displaying numerous circular cracks centred approximately on the point of impact;
3.4.3.3 - Tears in the interlayer(s) are allowed provided that the manikin's head does not pass through the test piece;
3.4.3.4 - No large fragment of glass becomes detached from the interlayer.
3.4.4 - A set of test pieces submitted for approval shall be considered satisfactory with respect to behaviour under head impact if one of the following two conditions is met:
3.4.4.1 - All the tests give satisfactory results;
3.4.4.2 - One test having given an unsatisfactory result, a further series of tests carried out on a new set of test pieces gives satisfactory results.
4 - Optical qualities.
The provisions concerning the regular light transmitance set out in annex 3, paragraph 9.1, shall apply to double-glazed units or parts of double-glazed units located at places which are essential to the driver's vision.
ANNEX 13
Grouping of windscreens for approval testing
1 - The windscreen's features taken into account are:
1.1 - The developed area;
1.2 - The height of segment;
1.3 - The curvature.
2 - A group is made up of a thickness class.
3 - Classification is performed in ascending order of developed area.
The five largest and the five smallest developed areas shall be selected, and shall be numbered as follows:
1 for the largest;
2 for the next largest after 1;
3 for the next largest after 2;
4 for the next largest after 3;
5 for the next largest after 4;
1 for the smallest;
2 for the next smallest after 1;
3 for the next smallest after 2;
4 for the next smallest after 3;
5 for the next smallest after 4.
4 - Within each of the two series defined under paragraph 3 above, the heights of segment shall be indicated as follows:
1 for the greatest height of segment;
2 for the next greatest;
3 for the next greatest;
etc.
5 - Within each of the two series defined under paragraph 3 above, the curvatures shall be indicated as follows:
1 for the smallest curvature;
2 for the next smallest;
3 for the next smallest;
etc.
6 - The numbers assigned to each windscreen in the two series defined under paragraph 3 above shall be added together.
6.1 - The windscreen among those having the five largest areas which has the smallest total, and the windscreen among those having the five smallest areas which has the smallest total, shall be subjected to complete tests as defined in one of annexes 4, 6, 8, 9 and 10.
6.2 - The other windscreens of the same series shall be subjected to the tests of optical qualities described in annex 3, paragraph 9.
7 - A few windscreens having significantly different parameters of shape and/or curvature from the extremes of the selected groups may also be tested if the technical service conducting the tests considers that the parameters in question are likely to have appreciably adverse effects.
8 - The limits of the group are determined by developed area of windscreen. Where a windscreen submitted for type-approval has a developed area outside the approved limits and/or has a significantly greater height of segment or a significantly smaller curvature, it shall be considered to be of a new type and shall be subjected to additional tests if the technical service deems such tests technically necessary, having regard to the information already in its possession concerning the product and the material used.
9 - Should any other windscreen model subsequently be manufactured by the holder of an approval in a thickness class already approved:
9.1 - It shall be ascertained whether that model can be included among the five largest or the five smallest selected for approval of the group in question;
9.2 - Numbering by the procedures defined in paragraphs 3, 4 and 5 above shall be performed again;
9.3 - If the sum of the numbers assigned to the windscreen newly incorporated among the five largest or the five smallest windscreens:
9.3.1 - Is found to be the smallest, the following tests shall be carried out:
9.3.1.1 - For toughened-glass windscreens:
9.3.1.1.1 - Fragmentation;
9.3.1.1.2 - Headform test;
9.3.1.1.3 - Optical distortion;
9.3.1.1.4 - Separation of secondary image;
9.3.1.1.5 - Light transmission;
9.3.1.2 - For ordinary laminated-glass or glass-plastics windscreens:
9.3.1.2.1 - Headform test;
9.3.1.2.2 - Optical distortion;
9.3.1.2.3 - Separation of secondary image;
9.3.1.2.4 - Light transmission;
9.3.1.3 - For treated laminated-glass windscreens, the tests prescribed in paragraphs 9.3.1.1.1, 9.3.1.1.2 and 9.3.1.2;
9.3.1.4 - For windscreens faced with plastics material, the tests prescribed in paragraph 9.3.1.1 or 9.3.1.2, as the case may be;
9.3.2 - If not, only the tests prescribed for checking optical qualities as described in annex 3, paragraph 9, shall be carried out.
ANNEX 14
Measurement of the height of segment and position of the points of impact
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
In the case of a safety-glass pane having a simple curvature, the height of segment will be equal to h(índice 1) maximum.
In the case of a safety-glass pane having a double curvature, the height of segment will be equal to h(índice 1) maximum + h(índice 2) maximum.
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
The points 2 shown in figures 3-a), 3-b) and 3-c) are examples of the sites for point 2 prescribed in annex 5, paragraph 2.5.
ANNEX 15
Procedure for determining test areas on windscreens of M(índice 1) category vehicles in relation to the V points
1 - Position of the V points.
1.1 - The position of the V points in relation to the R point (see annex 16 to this Regulation), as indicated by the X, Y and Z co-ordinates in the three-dimensional reference system, are shown in tables 1 and 2.
1.2 - Table 1 gives the basic co-ordinates for a design seat-back angle of 25º. The positive direction of the co-ordinates is shown in this annex, figure 3.
Table 1
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
1.3 - Correction for design seat-back angles other than 25º.
1.3.1 - Table 2 shows the further corrections to be made to the X and Z co-ordinates of each V point when the design seat-back angle is not 25º. The positive direction of the co-ordinates is shown in this annex, figure 3.
Table 2
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
2 - Test areas.
2.1 - Two test areas shall be determined from the V points.
2.2 - Test area A is the area on the apparent outer surface of the windscreen bounded by the following four planes extending forward from the V points (see figure 1):
A vertical plane passing through V(índice 1) and V(índice 2) and inclined at 13º to the left of the X axis in the case of left-hand drive vehicles and to the right of the X axis in the case of right-hand drive vehicles;
A plane parallel to the Y axis passing through V(índice 1) and inclined upwards at 3º from the X axis;
A plane parallel to the Y axis passing through V(índice 2) and inclined downwards at 1º from the X axis;
A vertical plane passing through V(índice 1), and V(índice 2): and inclined at 20º to the right the X axis in the case of left-hand drive vehicles and to the left of the X axis in the case of right-hand drive vehicles.
2.3 - Test area B is the area of the outer surface of the windscreen which is more than 25 mm from the outer edge of the transparent area and is bounded by the intersection of the following four planes with the outer surface of the windscreen (see figure 2):
A plane inclined upward from the X axis at 7º, passing through V(índice 1) and parallel to the Y axis;
A plane inclined downward from the X axis at 5º, passing through V(índice 2) and parallel to the Y axis;
A vertical plane passing through V(índice 1) and V(índice 2) and forming an angle of 17º to the left of the X axis in the case of left-hand drive vehicles and to the right of the X axis in the case of right-hand drive vehicles;
A plane symmetrical with respect to the former plane in relation to the longitudinal median plane of the vehicle.
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
ANNEX 16
Procedure for determining the H point and the actual torso angle for seating positions in motor vehicles
1 - Purpose.
The procedure described in this annex is used to establish the H point location and the actual torso angle for one or several seating positions in a motor vehicle and to verify the relationship of measured data to design specifications given by the vehicle manufacturer (ver nota 10).
2 - Definitions.
For the purposes of this annex:
2.1 - Reference data: means one or several of the following characteristics of a seating position:
2.1.1 - The H point and the R point and their relationship;
2.1.2 - The actual torso angle and the design torso angle and their relationship;
2.2 - Three-dimensional H-point machine (3 DH machine): means the device used for the determination of H points and actual torso angles. This device is described in appendix 1 to this annex;
2.3 - H point: means the pivot centre of the torso and thigh of the 3 DH machine installed in the vehicle seat in accordance with the procedure described in paragraph 3 below. The H point is located in the centre of the centre line of the device which is between the H point sight buttons on either side of the 3 DH machine. The H point corresponds theoretically to the R point (for tolerances, see paragraph 3.2.2 below). Once determined in accordance with the procedure described in paragraph 4, the H point is considered as fixed in relation to the seat-cushion structure and as moving with it when the seat is adjusted;
2.4 - R point or seating reference point: means a design point defined by the vehicle manufacturer for each seating position and established with respect to the three-dimensional reference system;
2.5 - Torso line: means the centre line of the probe of the 3 DH machine with the probe in the fully rearward position.
2.6 - Actual torso angel: means the angle measured between a vertical line through the H point and the torso line using the back angle quadrant on the 3 DH machine. The actual torso angle corresponds theoretically to the design torso angle (for tolerances, see paragraph 3.2.2 below);
2.7 - Design torso angle: means the angle measured between a vertical line through the R point and the torso line in a position corresponding to the design position of the seat-back specified by the vehicle manufacturer;
2.8 - Centre plane of occupant (CPO): means the median plane of the 3 DH machine positioned in each designated seating position; it is represented by the co-ordinate of the H point on the Y axis. For individual seats, the centre plans of the seat coincides with the centre plane of the occupant. For other seats, the centre plane of the occupant is specified by the manufacturer;
2.9 - Three-dimensional reference system: means a system as described in appendix 2 to this annex;
2.10 - Fiducial marks: are physical points (holes, surfaces, marks or indentations) on the vehicle body as defined by the manufacturer;
2.11 - Vehicle measuring attitude: means the position of the vehicle as defined by the co-ordinates of fiducial marks in the three-dimensional reference system.
3 - Requirements.
3.1 - Data presentation.
For each seating position where reference data are required in order to demonstrate compliance with the provisions of this Regulation, all or an appropriate selection of the following data shall be presented in the form indicated in appendix 3 to this annex:
3.1.1 - The co-ordinates of the R point relative to the three-dimensional reference system;
3.1.2 - The design torso angle;
3.1.3 - All indications necessary to adjust the seat (if it is adjustable) to the measuring position set out in paragraph 4.3 below.
3.2 - Relationship between measured data and design specifications.
3.2.1 - The co-ordinates of the H point and the value of the actual torso angle obtained by the procedure set out in paragraph 4 below shall be compared, respectively, with the co-ordinates of the R point and the value of the design torso angle indicated by the vehicle manufacturer.
3.2.2 - The relative positions of the R point and the H point and the relationship between the design torso angle and the actual torso angle shall be considered satisfactory for the seating position in question if the H point, as defined by its co-ordinates, lies within a square of 50 mm side with horizontal and vertical sides whose diagonals intersect at the R point, and if the actual torso angle is within 5º of the design torso angle.
3.2.3 - If these conditions are met, the R point and the design torso angle shall be used to demonstrate compliance with the provisions of this Regulation.
3.2.4 - If the H point or the actual torso angle does not satisfy the requirements of paragraph 3.2.2 above, the H point and the actual torso angle shall be determined twice more (three times in all). If the results of two of these three operations satisfy the requirements, the conditions of paragraph 3.2.3 above shall apply.
3.2.5 - If the results of at least two of the three operations described in paragraph 3.2.4 above do not satisfy the requirements of paragraph 3.2.2 above, or if the verification cannot take place because the vehicle manufacturer has failed to supply information regarding the position of the R point or regarding the design torso angle, the centroid of the three measured points or the average of the three measured angles shall be used and be regarded as applicable in all cases where the R point or the design torso angle is referred to in this Regulation.
4 - Procedure for determining the H point and the actual torso angle.
4.1 - The vehicle shall be preconditioned at a temperature of 20ºC +/- 10ºC, at the manufacturers's discretion, to ensure that the seat material reaches room temperature. If the seat to be checked has never been used, a 70 kg to 80 kg person or device shall be placed on the seat twice for one minute to flex the cushion and back. At the manufacturer's request, all seat assemblies shall remain unloaded for a minimum period of 30 minutes prior to installation of the 3 DH machine.
4.2 - The vehicle shall be in the measuring attitude defined in paragraph 2.11 above.
4.3 - The seat, if adjustable, shall be adjusted first to the rearmost normal driving or riding position, as indicated by the vehicle manufacturer, taking into consideration only the longitudinal adjustment of the seat, excluding seat travel used for purposes other than normal driving or riding positions. Where other modes of seat adjustment exist (vertical, angular, seat-back, etc.) these will be then adjusted to the position specified by the vehicle manufacturer. For suspension seats, the vertical position shall be rigidly fixed corresponding to a normal driving position as specified by the manufacturer.
4.4 - The area of the seating position taken up by the 3 DH machine shall be covered by a muslin cotton, of sufficient size and appropriate texture, described as a plain cotton fabric having 18.9 threads per cm2 and weighing 0.228 kg/m2, or knitted or non-woven fabric having equivalent characteristics.
If the test is performed on a seat outside the vehicle, the floor on which the seat is placed shall have the same essential characteristics (ver nota 11) as the floor of the vehicle in which the seat is intended to be used.
4.5 - Place the seat and back assembly of the 3 DH machine so that the centre plane of the occupant (CPO) coincides with the centre plane of the 3 DH machine. At the manufacturer's request, the 3 DH machine may be moved inboard with respect to the CPO if the 3 DH machine is located so far outboard that the seat edge will not permit levelling of the 3 DH machine.
4.6 - Attach the foot and lower leg assemblies to the seat-pan assembly, either individually or by using the T-bar and lower leg assembly. The line through the H point sight buttons shall be parallel to the ground and perpendicular to the longitudinal centre plane of the seat.
4.7 - Adjust the feet and leg positions of the 3 DH machine as follows:
4.7.1 - Seats for driver and outside front passenger:
4.7.1.1 - Both feet and leg assemblies shall be moved forward in such a way that the feet take up natural positions on the floor, between the operating pedals if necessary. Where possible the left foot shall be located at approximately the same distance to the left of the centre plane of the 3 DH machine as the right foot is to the right. The spirit level verifying the transverse orientation of the 3 DH machine is brought to the horizontal by readjustment of the seat pan if necessary, or by adjusting the leg and foot assemblies towards the rear. The line passing through the H point sight buttons shall be maintained perpendicular to the longitudinal centre plane of the seat;
4.7.1.2 - If the left leg cannot be kept parallel to the right leg and the left foot cannot be supported by the structure, move the left foot until it is supported. The alignment of the sight buttons shall be maintained.
4.7.2 - Outboard rear seats.
For rear seats or auxiliary seats, the legs are located as specified by the manufacturer. If the feet then rest on parts of the floor which are at different level, the foot which first comes into contact with the front seat shall serve as a reference and the other foot shall be so arranged that the spirit level giving the transverse orientation of the seat of the device indicates the horizontal.
4.7.3 - Other seats.
The general procedure indicated in paragraph 4.7.1 above shall be followed, except that the feet shall be placed as specified by the vehicle manufacturer.
4.8 - Apply lower leg and thigh weights and level the 3 DH machine.
4.9 - Tilt the back pan forward against the forward stop and draw the 3 DH machine away from the seat-back using the T-bar. Reposition the 3 DH machine on the seat by one of the following methods:
4.9.1 - If the 3 DH machine tends to slide rearward, use the following procedure: allow the 3 DH machine to slide rearward until a forward horizontal restraining load on the T-bar is no longer required, i. e. until the seat pan contacts the seat-back. If necessary, re-position the lower leg;
4.9.2 - If the 3 DH machine does not tend to slide rearward, use the following procedure: slide the 3 DH machine rearwards by applying a horizontal rearward load to the T-bar until the seat pan contacts the seat-back (see figure 2 of appendix 1 to this annex).
4.10 - Apply a 100 +/- 10 N load to the back and pan assembly of the 3 DH machine at the intersection of the hip angle quadrant and the T-bar housing. The direction of load application shall be maintained along a line passing through the above intersection to a point just above the thigh bar housing (see figure 2 of appendix 1 to this annex). Then carefully return the back pan to the seat-back. Care must be exercised throughout the remainder of the procedure to prevent the 3 DH machine from sliding forward.
4.11 - Install the right and left buttock weights and then, alternatively, the eight torso weights. Maintain the 3 DH machine level.
4.12 - Tilt the back pan forward to release the tension on the back-seat. Rock the 3 DH machine from side to side through a 10º arc (5º to each side of the vertical centre plane) for three complete cycles to release any accumulated friction between the 3 DH machine and the seat.
During the rocking action, the T-bar of the 3 DH machine may tend to diverge from the specified horizontal and vertical alignement. The T-bar must therefore be restrained by applying an appropriate lateral load during the rocking motions. Care should be exercised in holding the T-bar and rocking the 3 DH machine to ensure that no inadvertent exterior loads are applied in a vertical or fore-and-aft direction.
The feet of the 3 DH machine are not to be restrained or held during this step. If the feet change position, they should then be allowed to remain in that attitude.
Carefully return the vack pan to the seat-back and check the two spirit levels for zero position. If any movement of the feet has occurred during the rocking operation of the 3 DH machine, they must be repositioned as follows:
Alternately, lift each foot off the floor the minimum necessary amount until no additional foot movement is obtained. During this lifting, the feet are to be free to rotate; no forward or lateral loads are to be applied. When each foot is placed back in the down position, the heel is to be in contact with the structure designed for this;
Check the lateral spirit level for zero position; if necessary, apply a lateral load to the top of the back pan sufficient to level the 3 DH machine's seat pan on the seat.
4.13 - Holding the T-bar to prevent the 3 DH machine from sliding forward on the seat cushion, proceed as follows:
Return the back pan to the seat-back;
Alternately apply and release a horizontal rearward load, not to exceed 25 N, to the back angle bar at a height approximately at the centre of the torso weights until the hip angle quadrant indicates that a stable position has been reached after load release. Care should be taken to ensure that no exterior downward or lateral loads are applied to the 3 DH machine. If another level adjustment of the 3 DH machine is necessary, rotate the back pan forward, re-level, and repeat the procedure from 4.12.
4.14 - Take all measurements.
4.14.1 - The co-ordinates of the H point are measured with respect to the three-dimensional reference system.
4.14.2 - The actual torso angle is read at the back angle quadrant of the 3 DH machine with the probe in its fully rearward position.
4.15 - If a repetition of the installation of the 3 DH machine is desired, the seat assembly shall remain unloaded for a minimum period of 30 minutes prior to the repetition. The 3 DH machine shall not be left loaded on the seat assembly longer than the time required to perform the test.
4.16 - If the seats in the same row can be regarded as similar (bench seat, identical seats, etc.) only on H point and one actual torso angle shall be determined for each row of seats, the 3 DH machine described in appendix 1 to this annex being seated in a place regarded as representative for the row.
This place shall be:
4.16.1 - In the case of the front row, the driver's seat;
4.16.2 - In the case of the rear row or rows, an outer seat.
APPENDIX 1
Description of the three-dimensional H point machine (3 DH machine) (ver nota *)
1 - Back and seat pans.
The back and seat pans are constructed of reinforced plastics and metal; they simulate the human torso and thighs and are mechanically hinged at the H point. A quadrant is fastened to the probe hinged at the H point to measure the actual torso angle. An adjustable thigh bar, attached to the seat pan, establishes the thigh centreline and serves as a baseline for the hip angle quadrant.
2 - Body and leg elements.
Lower leg segments are connected to the seat pan assembly at the T-bar joining the knees, which is a lateral extension of the adjustable thigh bar. Quadrants are incorporated in the lower leg segments to measure knee angles. Shoes and foot assemblies are calibrated to measure the foot angle. Two spirit levels orient the device in space. Body element weights are placed at the corresponding centres of gravity to provide seat penetration equivalent to a 76 kg male. All joints of the 3 DH machine should be checked for free movement without encountering any noticeable friction.
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
(nota *) For details of the construction of the 3 DH machine refer to Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, Pennsylvania 15096, United States of America.
The machine corresponds to that described in ISO Standard 6549 - 1980.
APPENDIX 2
Three-dimensional reference system
1 - The three-dimensional reference system is defined by three orthogonal planes established by the vehicle manufacturer (see figure) (ver nota *).
2 - The vehicle measuring attitude is determined by positioning the vehicle on a supporting surface such that the co-ordinates of the fiducial marks correspond to the values indicated by the manufacturer.
3 - The co-ordinates of the R point and the H point are determined in relation to the fiducial marks defined by the vehicle manufacturer.
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
(nota *) The reference system corresponds to ISO Standard 4130 - 1978.
APPENDIX 3
Reference data concerning seating positions
1 - Coding of reference data.
Reference data are listed consecutively for each seating position. Seating positions are identified by a two-character code. The first character is an Arabic numeral which designates the row of seats, counting from the front to the rear of the vehicle. The second is a capital letter which designates the location of the seating position in a row, as viewed in the direction of forward motion of the vehicle; the following letters shall be used:
L = Left;
C = Centre;
R = Right.
2 - Description of vehicle measuring attitude.
2.1 - Co-ordinates of fiducial marks:
X ...
Y ...
Z ...
3 - List of reference data.
3.1 - Seating position: ...
3.1.1 - Co-ordinates of the R point:
X ...
Y ...
Z ...
3.1.2 - Design torso angle: ...
3.1.3 - Specifications for seat adjustment (ver nota *):
Horizontal: ...
Vertical: ...
Angular: ...
Torso angle: ...
Note. - List reference data for further seating positions under 3.2, 3.3, etc.
(nota *) Strike out what does not apply.
ANNEX 17
Checks on conformity of production
1 - Definitions.
For the purpose of this annex:
1.1 - Type of product: means all glass panes having the same principal characteristics.
1.2 - Thickness class: means all glass panes whose component parts have the same thickness whithin the permitted tolerances.
1.3 - Production unit: means all production facilities of one or several types of glass panes established in the same place; it may include several production lines.
1.4 - Shift: means a period of production carried out by the same production line during daily working hours.
1.5 - Production run: means a continuous period of production of the same type of product in the same production line.
1.6 - Ps: means the number of glass panes of the same type of product produced by the same shift.
1.7 - Pr: means the number of glass panes of the same type of product produced during a production run.
2 - Tests.
The glass panes shall be subjected to the following tests:
2.1 - Toughened-glass windscreens.
2.1.1 - Fragmentation test in accordance with the requirements of annex 4, paragraph 2.
2.1.2 - Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.1.
2.1.3 - Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.2.
2.1.4 - Secondary image separation test in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.3.
2.2 - Uniformly-toughened glass panes.
2.2.1 - Fragmentation test in accordance with the requirements of annex 5, paragraph 2.
2.2.2 - Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.1.
2.2.3 - In the case of glass panes used as windscreens:
2.2.3.1 - Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.2;
2.2.3.2 - Secondary image separation test in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.3.
2.3 - Ordinary laminated-glass windscreens and glass-plastics windscreens.
2.3.1 - Headform test in accordance with the requirements of annex 6, paragraph 3.
2.3.2 - 2,260 g ball test in accordance with the requirements of annex 6, paragraph 4.2, and annex 3, paragraph 2.2.
2.3.3 - Test of resistance to high temperature in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 5.
2.3.4 - Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9. 1.
2.3.5 - Optical distortion test in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.2.
2.3.6 - Secondary image separation test in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.3.
2.3.7 - In the case of glass-plastics windscreens only:
2.3.7.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion in accordance with the requirements of annex 9, paragraph 2.1;
2.3.7.2 - Resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of annex 9, paragraph 3;
2.3.7.3 - Test of resistance to chemicals in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 11.
2.4 - Ordinary laminated-glass and glass-plastics panes other than windscreens.
2.4.1 - 227 g ball test in accordance with the requirements of annex 7, paragraph 4.
2.4.2 - Test of resistance to high temperature in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 5.
2.4.3 - Light transmission measurement in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 9.1.
2.4.4 - In the case of glass-plastics panes only:
2.4.4.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion in accordance with the requirements of annex 9, paragraph 2.1;
2.4.4.2 - Resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of annex 9, paragraph 3;
2.4.4.3 - Test of resistance to chemicals in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 11.
2.4.5 - The above provisions shall be considered to be met if the corresponding tests have been carried out on a windscreen of the same composition.
2.5 - Treated laminated-glass windscreens.
2.5.1 - In addition to the tests prescribed in paragraph 2.3 of this annex, a fragmentation test shall be carried out in accordance with the requirements of annex 8, paragraph 4.
2.6 - Glass panes faced with plastics material.
In addition to the tests prescribed in the various paragraphs of this annex, the following tests shall be carried out:
2.6.1 - Test of resistance to abrasion in accordance with the requirements of annex 9, paragraph 2.1;
2.6.2 - Resistance-to-humidity test in accordance with the requirements of annex 9, paragraph 3;
2.6.3 - Test of resistance to chemicals in accordance with the requirements of annex 3, paragraph 11.
2.7 - Double-glazed units.
The tests to be performed are those specified in this annex for each glass pane composing the double-glazed unit, with the same frequency and the same requirements.
3 - Frequency of tests and results.
3.1 - Fragmentation test.
3.1.1 - Tests.
3.1.1.1 - A first series of tests consisting of a break at each impact point specified by this Regulation shall be carried out with photographic prints at the beginning of the production of each new type of glass pane to determine the most severe break point.
However, for toughened-glass windscreens, this first series of tests shall be carried out only if the annual production of this type of glass pane exceeds 200 units.
3.1.1.2 - During the production run the check test shall be carried out using the break point as determined in paragraph 3.1.1.1.
3.1.1.3 - A check shall be carried out at the beginning of each production run or following a change of colour.
3.1.1.4 - During the production run the check tests shall be carried out at the following minimum frequency:
([ver documento original](https://files.diariodarepublica.pt/1s/1990/05/11901/00020083.pdf))
3.1.1.5 - A check shall be carried out at the end of the production run on one of the last glass panes manufactured.
3.1.1.6 - For Pr < 20, only one fragmentation test per production run shall be carried out.
3.1.2 - Results.
All results shall be recorded, including the results without photographic print.
In addition a photographic contact print shall be made once per shift, except for Pr < 500. In this last case only one photographic contact print shall be made per production run.
3.2 - Headform test.
3.2.1 - Tests.
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